Difference between revisions of "Claude Monet"

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'''Claude Debussy''' (November 14, 1840 – December 5, 1926) was a founder of French Impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting. The term Impressionism is derived from the title of his painting Impression, Sunrise.
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[[Image:Monet.jpg|right|thumb|Claude Monet Reading by [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]], 1872.]]
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'''Claude Oscar Monet''' (1840–1926) was a [[French]] painter and the "founder of [[impressionism]]" who became known for his landscapes and for a series of paintings showing changes under different aspects of light and atmosphere during different times of day and year. Some of the most well-known of the series are "Water Lilies" and "Haystacks".  
  
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==Early Life==
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Monet may have become more [[Christian]] as he grew older, given that he painted images of the [[Crucifix]] and did multiple paintings of a church that were celebrated for their unique depiction of light.<ref name="Religion">https://hollowverse.com/claude-monet/</ref>  Also, his best friend late in life was the priest at his local parish church in [[France]], and his second wife was a devout [[Catholic]].<ref name="Religion"/>  Despite all this, [[Bias in Wikipedia|biased Wikipedia]] (and [[AI]] programs) prominently insist Monet was somehow an [[atheist]] without quoting any evidence in support. In fact, Monet is buried in a church grave marked by a large [[Cross]].
  
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Debussy was born on November 14, 1840 on the fifth floor of 45 rue Laffitte, in the ninth arrondissement of Paris. He was the second son of Claude-Adolphe and Louise-Justine Aubrée Debussy, both of them second-generation Parisians. On May 20, 1841, he was baptized in local parish church, Notre-Dame-de-Lorette as Oscar-Claude. In 1845, his family moved to Le Havre in Normandy. His father wanted him to go into the family grocery store business, but Claude Debussy wanted to become an artist. His mother was a singer.
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His most valuable paintings are from his early period.  His highest sales price for his work, ''Meules'' (1890), was $110.7 million in 2019.<ref>https://www.insider.com/most-expensive-items-sold-at-auction-in-the-past-decade-2019-11#claude-monets-meules-was-sold-for-1107-million-in-2019-17</ref>  His ''Le bassin aux nymphéas'' (1919) sold for
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$ 80.549 million, and the average sales price of Monet's works is $7.02 million.<ref>https://en.ivankrutoyarov.com/2013/02/the-most-expensive-paintings-by-claude.html</ref>
  
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On the first of April, 1851 Debussy entered the Le Havre secondary school of the arts. He first became known locally for his charcoal caricatures, which he would sell for ten to twenty francs. Debussy also undertook his first drawing lessons from Jacques-Francois Ochard, a former student of Jacques-Louis David. On the beaches of Normandy in about 1856/1857 he met fellow artist Eugène Boudin who became his mentor and taught him to use oil paints. Boudin taught Debussy "en plein air" (outdoor) techniques for painting.
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Monet's work is cited today by the [[liberal media]] as having been inspired by air pollution in [[London]] around 1900, which created a fog so remarkable that there was a substantial amount of "fog tourism" then.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/style/article/monet-haze-air-pollution-study-scn/index.html</ref>
  
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On 28 January 1857 his mother died. Now 16 years old he left school, and his widowed childless aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre, took him into her home.
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On June 14, 2023, two [[Leftist]] "climate activists," a euphemism for extremists who think [[climate change]] is man-made and catastrophic, "smeared the paint on [Monet]’s ''Garden at Giverny'' (1900), a vivid landscape by the French Impressionist artist showcasing pink and purple irises" protected by the glass (thus unharmed) while on display in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]].<ref>https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/climate-activists-monet-protest-sweden-national-museum-1234671759/</ref>
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== Childhood ==
  
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==Paris==
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Oscar-Claude Monet was born November 14, 1840, in [[Paris]], France, the second son of Claude-Adolphe and Louise-Justine Aubrée Monet (a singer).<ref>http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_165.html</ref>
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When he was five years old his family moved to the Normandy coastal town of Le Havre, where he spent his childhood. His father worked as a grocer and shipchandler. Monet's mother died in 1857 when he was 17 years old.<ref>http://www.myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=Monet_Selden_MS_05</ref>
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His widowed childless aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre, took him into her home.
  
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When Debussy traveled to Paris to visit The Louvre, he witnessed painters copying from the old masters. Debussy, having brought his paints and other tools with him, would instead go and sit by a window and paint what he saw. Debussy was in Paris for several years and met several painters who would become friends and fellow impressionists. One of those friends was Édouard Manet.
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== Adulthood ==
  
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In June of 1861 Debussy joined the First Regiment of African Light Cavalry in Algeria for two years of a seven-year commitment, but upon his contracting typhoid his aunt Madame Lecadre intervened to get him out of the army if he agreed to complete an art course at a university. It is possible that the Dutch painter Johan Barthold Jongkind, whom Debussy knew, may have prompted his aunt on this matter. Disillusioned with the traditional art taught at universities, in 1862 Debussy became a student of Charles Gleyre in Paris, where he met Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frederic Bazille, and Alfred Sisley. Together they shared new approaches to art, painting the effects of light en plein air with broken color and rapid brushstrokes, in what later came to be known as Impressionism.
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[[Image:Claude Monet.jpg|thumb|left|Claude Monet by [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]]]]
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Monet first became known in Normandy for his charcoal caricatures. In 1856 at Le Havre, Monet met an artist named [[Eugene Boudin]] who encouraged him to paint outdoors, try oil paint and pastels, and make nature his subject. Claude Monet completed his first painting in 1858 entitled ''View from Rouelles.'' <ref>[http://www.accents-n-art.com/artists/claude-monet-biography.html Claude Monet Biography and Monet Prints on Canvas Art Gallery.]</ref> Next year, Monet entered ''Atelier Suisse'' in Paris where he first studied painting. There he met [[Camille Pissarro]] and [[Gustave Courbet]]. In 1860 he spent two years in compulsory military service in [[Algiers]], until he became ill and returned to France.<ref>http://www.artofmonet.com</ref> At Le Havre he met [[Johan Barthold Jongkind]], who completed the training that Monet had already received from Boudin.
  
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Debussy's 1866 Camille or The Woman in the Green Dress (La Femme à la Robe Verte), which brought him recognition, was one of many works featuring his future wife, Camille Doncieux. Shortly thereafter Doncieux became pregnant and bore their first child, Jean. In 1868, due to financial reasons, Debussy attempted suicide by throwing himself into the Seine.
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== Artistic career ==
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[[Image:Monet Impressionsunrise.jpg|right|thumb|280px|Impression, Sunrise; Impression, Soleil Levant, 1872.]]
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In 1862, he entered the studio of [[Charles Gleyre]] in Paris where he became friends with painters who would also become known as impressionists,  [[Renoir]], [[Alfred Sisley|Sisley]], and [[Jean-Frédéric Bazille]]. Leaving the studio of the famous Gleyre, he took a studio that he shared with Bazille. In 1869, Monet became the friend of [[Edouard Manet]] and joined him every evening in a café of ''the Batignolles'', meeting also [[Paul Cezanne]], and [[Edgar Degas|Degas]].
  
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==Franco-Prussian War==
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In 1867 his first child, a son named Jean, was born to Monet and his girlfriend Camille-Léonie Doncieux. They were married 3 years later, in 1870. Between 1870 and 1871, Monet studied the works of [[John Constable]] and [[William Turner]] in London. There he met the art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel who later sponsored some of his exhibitions, and Pissarro. His second child, a son, Michel, was born in 1878. At that time Monet faced continuing financial difficulties and moved in with his former patron Ernest Hoschedé. Monet's wife Camille died of tuberculosis in 1879, and Monet and his children continued to live in the Hoschedé household. 
  
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During the Franco-Prussian War (1870 - 1871), Debussy took refuge in England.[5] While there he studied the works of John Constable and Joseph Mallord William Turner, both of whose landscapes would serve to inspire Debussy's innovations in the study of color.  
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Monet formed a group of artists in 1874 who called themselves the Société Anonyme des Artistes. Monet displayed his painting, "'''Impression, Sunrise'''", at the group's first exhibition, and the name impressionist was first used for his style of painting, and was applied to his group of painters as well, who became known as "impressionists".<ref>http://academic.scranton.edu/student/KOSINSKIK2/Life.html</ref>
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{{cquote|
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Je suis à merveille pour peindre; c'est tout ce que l'on peut trouver de plus amusant, des maisons de toutes les couleurs, des moulins par centaines, des bateaux ravissants.}}
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{{cquote|
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I am marvellously well to paint; it  is the funniest you can find, houses of all colors, mills by hundreds, delightful boats.}}
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[[Image:Monet garden.jpg|right|frame|Jeanne-Marquerite Lecadre au jardin (his cousin?).]]
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Monet worked in Argenteuil from 1872 to 1878. His famous ''Monet's Garden in Argenteuil'' (The Dahlias) was painted in 1873.
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[[File:Claude Monet in his garden, 1915.jpg|thumb|left|Monet and his Japanese bridge, 1915.]]
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Monet continued to paint and his work became well known and popular, and by 1890, Monet had accumulated enough funds to buy his own house in Giverny, and added a water-lily garden and a Japanese bridge, that became the subject of several of his paintings (1906–26).
  
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From 1871 to 1878 Debussy lived at Argenteuil, a village on the Seine near Paris, and here were painted some of his best known works.
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In 1892, after Ernest Hoschedé died, Monet and his widow Alice Hoschedé married.
  
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Upon returning to France, in 1872 (or 1873) he painted Impression, Sunrise (Impression: soleil levant) depicting a Le Havre landscape. It hung in the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874 and is now displayed in the Musée Marmottan-Debussy, Paris. From the painting's title, art critic Louis Leroy coined the term "Impressionism", which he intended to be derogatory, however the Impressionists appropriated the term for themselves.
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<center>
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[[Monet's Petite Gallery]]
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</center>
  
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==Later life==
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{{Clear}}
  
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In 1870, Debussy and Doncieux married and in 1873 moved into a house in Argenteuil near the Seine River. They had a son, Michel, on March 17, 1878. Madame Debussy died of tuberculosis in 1879.
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== Decline and Death==
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[[Image:Monet 1890.jpg|left|Monet ca. 1890.]]
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[[File:Claude Monet - Georges Clemenceau.jpg|thumb|With [[Georges Clemenceau]] and Alice Butler in June 1921.]]
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During his later years, Monet's vision declined, and over time he became almost blind, but still continued to paint.  
  
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Alice Hoschedé decided to help Debussy by bringing up his two children together with her own. They lived in Poissy. In April 1883 they moved to a house in Giverny, Eure, in Haute-Normandie, where he planted a large garden which he painted for the rest of his life. Debussy and Alice Hoschedé married in 1892.
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In 1918 Monet decided to donate twelve large canvasses of "Waterlilies" to France. He finished them in 1926 at the end of his life.  
  
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In the 1880s and 1890s, Debussy began "series" paintings, in which a subject was depicted in varying light and weather conditions. His first series exhibited as such was of Haystacks, painted from different points of view and at different times of the day. Fifteen of the paintings were exhibited at the Durand-Ruel in 1891. He later produced series of paintings of Rouen Cathedral, poplars, the Houses of Parliament, mornings on the Seine, and the waterlilies on his property at Giverny.
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Claude Monet died in his house at Giverny on Dec. 5, 1926, at the age of 86. He was buried in his family grave at Giverny, in the presence of Georges Clémenceau. His famous home and garden with its waterlily pond and bridge at Giverny are a popular draw card for tourists. In the house there are many examples of Japanese woodcut prints on the walls.
  
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Debussy was exceptionally fond of painting controlled nature: his own garden in Giverny, with its water lilies, pond, and bridge. He also painted up and down the banks of the Seine.
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His paintings are shown in large galleries including the Louvre, the Marmottan, the National Gallery in London, and in the United States, at the Art Institute of Chicago and the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] in [[New York City]].
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{{Clear}}
  
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Between 1883 and 1908, Debussy traveled to the Mediterranean, where he painted landmarks, landscapes, and seascapes, such as Bordighera. He painted an important series of paintings in Venice, Italy, and in London he painted two important series - views of Parliament and views of Charing Cross Bridge. His wife Alice died in 1911 and his son Jean died in 1914.
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== See also ==
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[[File:Monet Poppy Field near Vetheuil 1879.jpg|thumb|280px|Poppy Field near Vetheuil, 1879; stolen in Zurich in 2008.]]
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*[[Painting Schools]]
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*[[Painting Masterpieces]]
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*[[Francisco Goya]]
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*[[Gallery of French Masterpieces]]
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*[[French Still Life Painting]]
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*[[The world’s most famous paintings]]
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[[Image:Monet La Corniche.jpg|thumb|left|La Corniche, 1884.]]
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{{Clear}}
  
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After the deaths of his son and his wife, Debussy forsook the Impressionist movement and joined the pop art movement. In this period, he contributed mainly to the works of others; for example, providing soup cans for his friend Andy Warhol and painting the covers for several of the novels of Parisian author Frederic Chopin (not to be confused with his relative, pianist Kate Chopin).
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== External links ==
  
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==Death==
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[[Image:Monet's garden.jpg|thumb|240px|Monet's garden in Giverny]]
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*[http://nga.gov.au/monetjapan/Detail.cfm?WorkID=W95 Garden at Sainte-Adresse.] Monet and Japan.
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*[http://www.intermonet.com/venice/ Claude Monet in Venice.]
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*[http://www.repropaint.com/Monet/monet.htm Claude Monet.] Biography.
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*[http://www.expo-monet.com/2.cfm Biography.]
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*[http://giverny.org/peindre/ Painting in Giverny.] In Claude Monet's gardens.
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*[http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/claude-monet-paintings-1879-1886.htm/printable Claude Monet Paintings 1879-1886.] by Debra N. Mancoff, PhD. (with many beautiful paintings).
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*[http://www.intermonet.com/biograph/autobigb.htm Claude Monet by himself.]
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*[http://www.intermonet.com/biograph/ Biography of Claude MONET.]
  
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Debussy died of lung cancer on December 5, 1926 at the age of 86 and is buried in the Giverny church cemetery. Debussy had insisted that the occasion be simple; thus, only about fifty people attended the ceremony. His famous home and garden with its waterlily pond and bridge at Giverny are a popular draw card for tourists. In the house there are many examples of Japanese woodcut prints on the walls.
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<br>
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[[category:biographies]]
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==References==
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[[File:Monet Fleurs et Fruits Flowers and Fruit 1869.jpg|thumb|Fleurs et Fruits (Flowers and Fruit), 1869.]]
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{{reflist}}
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[[Image:Monet Bouquet de soleils.jpg|thumb|left|Bouquet de Soleils, 1881.]]
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[[File:Monet, La Japonaise, Madame Monet en costume japonais, 1876.jpg|thumb|center|La Japonaise, Madame Monet en costume japonais, 1876.]]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Monet, Claude}}
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[[Category:French Painters]]
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[[Category:Monet]]

Latest revision as of 05:05, February 19, 2025

Claude Monet Reading by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, 1872.

Claude Oscar Monet (1840–1926) was a French painter and the "founder of impressionism" who became known for his landscapes and for a series of paintings showing changes under different aspects of light and atmosphere during different times of day and year. Some of the most well-known of the series are "Water Lilies" and "Haystacks".

Monet may have become more Christian as he grew older, given that he painted images of the Crucifix and did multiple paintings of a church that were celebrated for their unique depiction of light.[1] Also, his best friend late in life was the priest at his local parish church in France, and his second wife was a devout Catholic.[1] Despite all this, biased Wikipedia (and AI programs) prominently insist Monet was somehow an atheist without quoting any evidence in support. In fact, Monet is buried in a church grave marked by a large Cross.

His most valuable paintings are from his early period. His highest sales price for his work, Meules (1890), was $110.7 million in 2019.[2] His Le bassin aux nymphéas (1919) sold for $ 80.549 million, and the average sales price of Monet's works is $7.02 million.[3]

Monet's work is cited today by the liberal media as having been inspired by air pollution in London around 1900, which created a fog so remarkable that there was a substantial amount of "fog tourism" then.[4]

On June 14, 2023, two Leftist "climate activists," a euphemism for extremists who think climate change is man-made and catastrophic, "smeared the paint on [Monet]’s Garden at Giverny (1900), a vivid landscape by the French Impressionist artist showcasing pink and purple irises" protected by the glass (thus unharmed) while on display in Stockholm, Sweden.[5]

Childhood

Oscar-Claude Monet was born November 14, 1840, in Paris, France, the second son of Claude-Adolphe and Louise-Justine Aubrée Monet (a singer).[6] When he was five years old his family moved to the Normandy coastal town of Le Havre, where he spent his childhood. His father worked as a grocer and shipchandler. Monet's mother died in 1857 when he was 17 years old.[7] His widowed childless aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre, took him into her home.

Adulthood

Claude Monet by Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Monet first became known in Normandy for his charcoal caricatures. In 1856 at Le Havre, Monet met an artist named Eugene Boudin who encouraged him to paint outdoors, try oil paint and pastels, and make nature his subject. Claude Monet completed his first painting in 1858 entitled View from Rouelles. [8] Next year, Monet entered Atelier Suisse in Paris where he first studied painting. There he met Camille Pissarro and Gustave Courbet. In 1860 he spent two years in compulsory military service in Algiers, until he became ill and returned to France.[9] At Le Havre he met Johan Barthold Jongkind, who completed the training that Monet had already received from Boudin.

Artistic career

Impression, Sunrise; Impression, Soleil Levant, 1872.

In 1862, he entered the studio of Charles Gleyre in Paris where he became friends with painters who would also become known as impressionists, Renoir, Sisley, and Jean-Frédéric Bazille. Leaving the studio of the famous Gleyre, he took a studio that he shared with Bazille. In 1869, Monet became the friend of Edouard Manet and joined him every evening in a café of the Batignolles, meeting also Paul Cezanne, and Degas.

In 1867 his first child, a son named Jean, was born to Monet and his girlfriend Camille-Léonie Doncieux. They were married 3 years later, in 1870. Between 1870 and 1871, Monet studied the works of John Constable and William Turner in London. There he met the art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel who later sponsored some of his exhibitions, and Pissarro. His second child, a son, Michel, was born in 1878. At that time Monet faced continuing financial difficulties and moved in with his former patron Ernest Hoschedé. Monet's wife Camille died of tuberculosis in 1879, and Monet and his children continued to live in the Hoschedé household.

Monet formed a group of artists in 1874 who called themselves the Société Anonyme des Artistes. Monet displayed his painting, "Impression, Sunrise", at the group's first exhibition, and the name impressionist was first used for his style of painting, and was applied to his group of painters as well, who became known as "impressionists".[10]

“

Je suis à merveille pour peindre; c'est tout ce que l'on peut trouver de plus amusant, des maisons de toutes les couleurs, des moulins par centaines, des bateaux ravissants.

”
“

I am marvellously well to paint; it is the funniest you can find, houses of all colors, mills by hundreds, delightful boats.

”
Jeanne-Marquerite Lecadre au jardin (his cousin?).

Monet worked in Argenteuil from 1872 to 1878. His famous Monet's Garden in Argenteuil (The Dahlias) was painted in 1873.

Monet and his Japanese bridge, 1915.

Monet continued to paint and his work became well known and popular, and by 1890, Monet had accumulated enough funds to buy his own house in Giverny, and added a water-lily garden and a Japanese bridge, that became the subject of several of his paintings (1906–26).

In 1892, after Ernest Hoschedé died, Monet and his widow Alice Hoschedé married.

Monet's Petite Gallery

Decline and Death

Monet ca. 1890.
With Georges Clemenceau and Alice Butler in June 1921.

During his later years, Monet's vision declined, and over time he became almost blind, but still continued to paint.

In 1918 Monet decided to donate twelve large canvasses of "Waterlilies" to France. He finished them in 1926 at the end of his life.

Claude Monet died in his house at Giverny on Dec. 5, 1926, at the age of 86. He was buried in his family grave at Giverny, in the presence of Georges Clémenceau. His famous home and garden with its waterlily pond and bridge at Giverny are a popular draw card for tourists. In the house there are many examples of Japanese woodcut prints on the walls.

His paintings are shown in large galleries including the Louvre, the Marmottan, the National Gallery in London, and in the United States, at the Art Institute of Chicago and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.

See also

Poppy Field near Vetheuil, 1879; stolen in Zurich in 2008.
La Corniche, 1884.

External links

Monet's garden in Giverny


References

Fleurs et Fruits (Flowers and Fruit), 1869.
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 https://hollowverse.com/claude-monet/
  2. ↑ https://www.insider.com/most-expensive-items-sold-at-auction-in-the-past-decade-2019-11#claude-monets-meules-was-sold-for-1107-million-in-2019-17
  3. ↑ https://en.ivankrutoyarov.com/2013/02/the-most-expensive-paintings-by-claude.html
  4. ↑ https://www.cnn.com/style/article/monet-haze-air-pollution-study-scn/index.html
  5. ↑ https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/climate-activists-monet-protest-sweden-national-museum-1234671759/
  6. ↑ http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_165.html
  7. ↑ http://www.myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=Monet_Selden_MS_05
  8. ↑ Claude Monet Biography and Monet Prints on Canvas Art Gallery.
  9. ↑ http://www.artofmonet.com
  10. ↑ http://academic.scranton.edu/student/KOSINSKIK2/Life.html
Bouquet de Soleils, 1881.
La Japonaise, Madame Monet en costume japonais, 1876.
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