Difference between revisions of "Decision making"

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*[https://chatgpt.com/share/68f79f6c-8218-800a-9b27-b5a1bfb78cf5 For decision making and problem solving, give me a list of the types of ways and perspectives that an issue/problem can be approached/solved], AI
 
*[https://chatgpt.com/share/68f79f6c-8218-800a-9b27-b5a1bfb78cf5 For decision making and problem solving, give me a list of the types of ways and perspectives that an issue/problem can be approached/solved], AI
 
*[https://grok.com/share/c2hhcmQtNQ%3D%3D_0e927c61-e40b-41f2-bc39-b66a73b4f3e2 50 decision models], AI
 
*[https://grok.com/share/c2hhcmQtNQ%3D%3D_0e927c61-e40b-41f2-bc39-b66a73b4f3e2 50 decision models], AI
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*[https://chatgpt.com/share/69d6842c-69ac-8333-ac4d-e9fef09a6ace Are any studies that show that people who know decision making and problem solving skills make better decision?], AI
  
 
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Latest revision as of 16:40, April 8, 2026

The human brain is the most complex physical entity in the universe.[1]

Decision making is the process of choosing between various options by gathering relevant information and evaluating various alternatives. It can be a rational or irrational process.

Steps in the decision-making process:[2]

1. Identify the decision/goal: Define the objective of the decision. See: Management by objectives

2. Collect the relevant information/data. Identify key variables, stakeholders and others who may be affected.[3]

3. Weigh the evidence (This may involve others due to various expertises and other considerations)

4. Identify the alternatives. Think about the potential outcomes of each option which includes: focusing various efforts on areas with the highest potential impact; probabilities (most likely outcomes and probability of various outcomes); potential gains/losses; potential long-term consequences; ripple effects; (Especially relative to systems. See: Systems thinking); opportunity cost; using creativity and sound problem solving methods; deciding if contingencies plans are needed in case the decision does not work out (See: Plan A: Make sure to have a Plan B!); potential exponential/outsize results (Including tipping points where relatively small changes can lead to dramatic shifts) and diminishing returns in various areas.[4][5] This may involve getting other parties involved (For example: Various expertises, brainstorming with others; team decision making, and mentors). See: Collaboration and Teamwork skills

5. Make a decision: Choose an option based on the information gathering process and identifying the alternatives. This may involve getting other parties involved (For example: various expertises, team decisions; brainstorming with others, mentors and prayer).[6] See: Collaboration and Teamwork skills

6. Take action

7. Evaluate the decision: Consider how well the decision met the goals.

8. Review the decision based on the results. Take into account things such as: uncertainty due to incomplete information; potential for improvement; probabilities of outcomes based on various actions and having enough data to make an accurate assessment.[7][8]

Sound decisions: Best practices

Emotional regulation and decision making

The five components of emotional intelligence are: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.[9]

See also: Self-regulation and Self-awareness and Emotional intelligence and Peak performance and Metacognition and Rationality and Rational thinking and Positive thinking and Self-talk and Risk and Risk management and Mindfulness and Stress management and Mental toughness and Psychological resilience and Courage and Self-confidence and Negative thinking and Pessimism and Irrational thinking

"Emotional regulation refers to the ability to manage and control one's emotions, and it plays a crucial role in decision making as strong emotions can significantly impact our judgment, often leading to impulsive or irrational choices; therefore, effectively regulating emotions allows for more thoughtful and balanced decision-making processes."[10]

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Emotional intelligence and decision making

See also: Emotional intelligence and Self-regulation and Empathy and Interpersonal skills and Collaboration and Social trust and Cognitive bias and Cognitive flexibility and Change and Change management and Rationality and Rational thinking and Critical thinking and Evidence-based thinking

Emotional intelligence (EI) "refers to the ability to perceive, control and evaluate emotions."[11]

The five components of emotional intelligence are: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.[12]

"Emotional intelligence (EI) plays a crucial role in decision thinking by allowing individuals to recognize and manage their own emotions, which helps them make more informed and rational choices by preventing strong emotions from clouding their judgment; essentially, it enables people to be aware of how their feelings might influence their decision-making process, allowing them to make better choices based on logic and reason rather than solely on emotion."[13]

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Decision making, emotional intelligence and peak performance

See also: Emotional intelligence and Peak performance and Mindset and Social intelligence and Interpersonal skills and Empathy and Problem solving and Creative problem solving and Openness and Creativity and Innovation and Mental toughness and Psychological resilience and Antifragility and Teamwork skills and Leadership

Usain Bolt avoids thinking about his weaknesses before a race. Sometimes he thinks about how he will celebrate if he wins.[14]

Usain Bolt beating Tyson Gay and setting a 100 meter world record at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in Berlin, Germany.

In the field of psychology, particularly sport psychology, peak performance is a mental and physiological state that is also known as peak experience, the zone of optimal functioning and flow. It specifically refers to a moment when an individual puts it all together, when they are in the zone of "flow state", and when they achieve an exceptional performance.[15]

According to Medical News Today:

“ The term “flow state” describes a mental state in which a person is completely focused on a single task or activity. They are directing all of their attention toward the task, and they do not experience many thoughts about themselves or their performance. Some people refer to this informally as being “in the zone.”

The concept of flow comes from the field of positive psychology, which is the study of things that help humans thrive. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who was an influential part of the movement, coined the term.

Flow has similarities with mindfulness, as both involve a focus on the present moment. However, people often use the term “flow” in reference to situations in which they are being productive, whereas a person can be in a state of mindfulness regardless of whether they are doing a task.[16]

”

Performance anxiety can hinder a person when it comes to peak/exceptional performance.

"Emotional intelligence plays a crucial role in effective decision-making, directly impacting an individual's ability to reach peak performance by enabling them to manage their emotions, understand others' perspectives, and make well-considered choices under pressure, ultimately leading to better outcomes and increased success in various situations."[17]

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Decision making, emotional intelligence and achievement

See also: Emotional intelligence and achievement and Achievement and Achievement orientation and Stress management and Self-regulation and Emotion and Empathy and Social intelligence and Interpersonal skills and Peak performance and Mental toughness and Psychological resilience and Antifragility and Comfort zone and Growth mindset and Motivation and Self-motivation

"Research indicates a strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence (EI) and achievement, suggesting that individuals with high EI tend to perform better academically and professionally due to their ability to manage their emotions, understand others, and navigate challenging situations effectively, leading to increased motivation, resilience, and better decision-making skills."[18]

As far as emotional intelligence and sales performance, according to HR.com: "Hay Group states one study of 44 Fortune 500 companies found that salespeople with high EQ produced twice the revenue of those with average or below average scores. In another study, technical programmers demonstrating the top 10 percent of emotional intelligence competency were developing software three times faster than those with lower competency."[19]

In one company, sales reps that received EQ training outsold the control group by an average of 12%, equating to over $55,000 each.[20]

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Benefits of emotional intelligence

OODA loop decision making process

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Mental framework

See also: Mental framework

A mental framework (or mental model/schema) "is a cognitive structure or set of beliefs used to simplify, interpret, and navigate the world's complexity. It acts as a lens for organizing information, enabling faster, more efficient decision-making, problem-solving, and perception of reality. These frameworks are learned, can be accessed implicitly, and include concepts like, for example, SWOT analysis or, say, Eisenhower Matrix."[21]

Inegrative thinking

See also: Integrative thinking

Integrative thinking is a "decision-making approach where opposing ideas or perspectives are not seen as mutually exclusive, but rather as opportunities to create a superior, novel solution that incorporates elements from both. It's about moving beyond "either/or" choices and finding a way to synthesize conflicting viewpoints into a more comprehensive and innovative outcome."[22]

Decision making and urgency theory

See also: Urgency theory

Urgency theory is a "psychological and behavioral framework that explains how perceived urgency influences human decision making, motivation, and action. It posits that people are more likely to act quickly and decisively when a situation feels time-sensitive, high-stakes, or irreversible—even if the actual deadline or risk is artificial or exaggerated.[23]

Errors of judgment and their most likely causes

Doubling down on error unintentionally and intentionally

Decision making tools

See also: The Decision Book: Fifty Models for Strategic Thinking

Books

33% of high school graduates never read another book the rest of their lives and 42% of college grads never read another book after college.[24]

See also: Books on decision making

  • The Art of Clear Thinking: A Stealth Fighter Pilot's Timeless Rules for Making Tough Decisions by Hasard Lee. St. Martin's Press; First Edition (May 23, 2023)
  • How to Decide: Simple Tools for Making Better Choices by Annie Duke. Portfolio; Illustrated edition (October 13, 2020)
  • Thinking in Bets: Making Smarter Decisions When You Don't Have All the Facts by Annie Duke. Portfolio; Illustrated edition (February 6, 2018)
  • The Decision Book: Fifty Models for Strategic Thinking by Mikael Krogerus and Roman Tschäppeler. W. W. Norton & Company; Fully Revised edition (May 8, 2018)
  • The Science of Intelligent Decision Making: How to Think More Clearly, Save Your Time, and Maximize Your Happiness. Destroy Indecision! by Peter Hollins. ASIN: B06Y46DTLC. Publication date: April 8, 2017
  • Decisive: How to Make Better Choices in Life and Work by Chip Heath and Dan Heath. Crown Currency; 1st edition (March 26, 2013)
  • Superforecasting: The Art and Science of Prediction by Philip E. Tetlock and Dan Gardner. Crown; NO-VALUE edition (September 13, 2016)
  • Predictably Irrational, Revised and Expanded Edition: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions by Dr. Dan Ariely. ASIN: 0061353248. Harper Perennial. April 27, 2010

Christian books on decision making:

  • Better Decisions, Fewer Regrets: 5 Questions to Help You Determine Your Next Move by Andy Stanley. Zondervan (October 20, 2020)
  • What's Your Decision?: How to Make Choices with Confidence and Clarity: An Ignatian Approach to Decision Making by Father J. Michael Sparough SJ, Jim Manney, Father Tim Hipskind SJ. Loyola Press; First Edition (March 1, 2010)

Business related books on decision making:

  • Smart Choices: A Practical Guide to Making Better Decisions by John S. Hammond, Ralph L. Keeney and Howard Raiffa. Harvard Business Review Press; 1st edition (August 25, 2015)

Quotes

  • "Shelving hard decisions is the least ethical course." - Adrian Cadbury
  • "You cannot make progress without making decisions" - Jim Rohn, Public speaker
  • "May your choices reflect your hopes, not your fears" - Nelson Mandela
  • "Sometimes it's the smallest decisions that can change your life forever" - Keri Russell
  • "Whenever you see a successful business, someone once made a courageous decision" - Peter F. Drucker, Management consultant
  • “There’s no problem so bad you can’t make it worse.” - Hasard Lee, The Art of Clear Thinking: A Stealth Fighter Pilot's Timeless Rules for Making Tough Decisions by Hasard Lee. St. Martin's Press; First Edition (May 23, 2023)
  • “A good pilot uses superior judgment to avoid situations that require the use of superior skill.” - Hasard Lee, The Art of Clear Thinking: A Stealth Fighter Pilot's Timeless Rules for Making Tough Decisions by Hasard Lee. St. Martin's Press; First Edition (May 23, 2023)
  • “Never underestimate how wrong you can be. Even the most careful planning can be overtaken by external events and circumstances.” - Dan Peña, American businessman and business coach [25]

See also

External links

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References

  1. ↑ The Human Body: God's Masterpiece
  2. ↑
  3. ↑ Summary of the Book The Art of Clear thinking, SoBrief.com
  4. ↑ The Art of Clear Thinking, Sobrief.com
  5. ↑ Better Decisions, Fewer Regrets, Sobrief.com
  6. ↑ An Ignatian Framework for Making a Decision
  7. ↑ Thinking in Bets: Making Smarter Decisions When You Don’t Have All the Facts by Annie Duke
  8. ↑ Thinking in Bets by Annie Duke – A Visual Summary
  9. ↑ Domains of Emotional Intelligence, MBA Knowledge Base
  10. ↑
  11. ↑ Emotional intelligence
  12. ↑ Domains of Emotional Intelligence, MBA Knowledge Base
  13. ↑
  14. ↑ How the world’s fastest man Usain Bolt mentally prepares for a race CNBC
  15. ↑ What Is Peak Performance, Anyway? by Dr. Donna Marino
  16. ↑ What a flow state is and how to achieve it, Medical News Today
  17. ↑
  18. ↑
  19. ↑ The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace: Why It Matters More than Personality., HR.com
  20. ↑ WHY EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN SALES IS THE NEXT HIGH-PERFORMANCE DIFFERENTIATOR
  21. ↑ Mental framework
  22. ↑ What is integrative thinking?
  23. ↑ What is urgency theory?
  24. ↑ Sobering Statistics About Readers Today
  25. ↑ Dan Peña - Twitter post
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