List of Atheists/Agnostics in Politics and Law
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List of people who identify as Atheist/Agnostic in Politics and Law
Africa
- Mengistu Haile Mariam (1937–): Ethiopian politician and military dictator.
Cambodia
- Pol Pot: Leader ofKhmer Rouge[1]
China
- Mao Zedong - Founder of People's Republic of China
- Hua Guofeng
- Jiang Zemin
- Hu Jintao
- Xi Jinping - Current Leader of the People's Republic of China
India
- Jawaharlal Nehru - First Prime Minister of India, (Agnostic)
Middle East
- Yitzhak Rabin - Israeli Prime Minister, Won Nobel Peace prize along with Simon Peres and Yasser Arafat[2]
North Korea
- Kim Il-sung - First Leader of North Korea
- Kim Jong-il - Second Leader of North Korea, and Son of Kim Il-sung
- Kim Jong-un - Third Leader of North Korea and Son of Kim Jong-il
Vietnam
- Ho Chi Minh - Communist Leader of North Vietnam/Vietnam
New Zealand
- Jacinda Ardern - Current Prime Minister of New Zealand, Agnostic.[3]
Albania
- Enver Hoxha - Communist Dictator of Albania
France
- François Hollande - Former President of France [4]
- Emmanuel Macron - Current President of France[5]
Germany
- Martin Bormann - Hitler's Personal Secretary[6]
- Friedrich Engels - Philosopher of Communism
- Hermann Goering - Nazi Official and Head of Luftwaffe[7]
- Erich Honecker - Leader of East Germany
- Karl Marx - Philosopher of Communism
- Alfred Rosenberg - Nazi Official and Racial Pseudoscientist[8]
- Julius Streicher - Nazi Official and Head of Ant-Semetic Propaganda, Der Stürmer[9]
Italy
- Benito Mussolini - Fascist Dictator of Italy
Netherlands
- Geert Wilders - Lead of the Populist movement in the Netherlands (Agnostic)
Poland
- Władysław Gomułka - Communist Dictator of Poland, Converted to Catholicism near end of his life
Romania
- Nicolae Ceausescu - Communist Dictator of Romania
Soviet Union/Russia
- Lavrenti Beria - NKVD Leader and Stalin Puppet
- Leonid Brezhnev - Leader of Soviet Union
- Vladimir Lenin - First Leader of Soviet Union[10][11]
- Nikita Khrushchev - Leader of Soviet Union
- Joseph Stalin - Leader of Soviet Union
- Leon Trotsky - Anti Stalinist, Communist Revolutionary
Turkey
- Kemal Atatürk - Founder of Secular Turkey after fall of Ottoman Empire[12]
United Kingdom
- Clement Attlee - British Prime Minister, (Agnostic)
Others in Europe
- Odilo Globocnik - Nazi War Criminal
- Theodor Herzl - Founder of Zionism
- Alexander Lukashenko - Leader of Belarus, Describes himself as an Orthodox Atheist[13]
- Matayas Rakosi - Communist Dictator of Hungary
- Josip Broz Tito - Leader of Yugoslavia
- Miloš Zeman - Cezch President
Canada
- Stefan Molyneux - Canadaian Podcaster and Conspiracy Theorist
- Pauline Marois - Quebec Premier
Cuba
- Fidel Castro - Communist Leader of Cuba
Mexico
- Venustiano Carranza- 44th President of Mexico.[14]
- Plutarco Elías Calles- 47th President of Mexico[15][16][17]
United States
- Jared Huffman - California, House of Representatives, Open Agnostic
- George Lincoln Rockwell - Founder of American Nazi Party, Agnostic
South America
- Che Guevara - Revolutionary who worked with Fidel Castro
References
- ↑ "Democratic Kampuchea was officially an atheist state, and the persecution of religion by the Khmer Rouge was matched in severity only by the persecution of religion in the communist states of Albania and North Korea, so there were not any direct historical continuities of Buddhism into the Democratic Kampuchea era." Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases, p. 282
- ↑ "Rabin was an atheist. He had nothing to do with the religious calendar. Not to mention the fact that the "Jewish" calendar is really a Babylonian one, and that its months carry the names of Babylonian gods." Uri Avnery, The Real Rabin, Ma'ariv.
- ↑ President Nelson Meets with New Zealand Prime Minister (en) (20 May 2019).
- ↑ Elkaïm, Olivia. "François Hollande : des origines protestantes hollandaises", La Vie, 5 April 2012. (fr) (In December 2011, Hollande told the French Christian magazine La Vie that he respects all religious practices but has none of his own: "En décembre dernier, François Hollande confiait à La Vie : 'Je n'ai aucune pratique religieuse. Mais je respecte toutes les confessions. La mienne est de ne pas en avoir.'")
- ↑ "France's new president is a 'zombie Catholic'". Catholic News Agency.
- ↑ "Bormann, an atheist, waged a particularly fanatical fight against the Christian Church." Karl Wilhelm Krause, Herbert Döhring, Anna Plaim, Kurt Kuch, Living with Hitler: Accounts of Hitler's Household Staff, p. 273
- ↑ In a 1946 interview, Göring said, "I don't believe that I will go to either heaven or hell when I die. I don't believe in the Bible or in a lot of things which religious people think." Leon Goldensohn, The Nuremberg Interviews: An American Psychiatrist's Conversations with the Defendants and Witnesses, p. 132
- ↑ "Within the NSDAP (as in the German völkisch movement in general) there existed from the outset a group of old Hitler partisans who in contrast to the 'atheists' Alfred Rosenberg, Martin Bormann and others, believed in a union of National Socialism and Protestant Christianity." Martin Broszat, The Hitler State, p. 223
- ↑ In a 1946 interview, Streicher said, "Christ was a Jew and God, he is supposed to have made the universe. That's a little far-fetched because if God made the world, who made God?" Leon Goldensohn, The Nuremberg Interviews: An American Psychiatrist's Conversations with the Defendants and Witnesses, p. 256
- ↑ "Lenin had abandoned religion entirely around the age of sixteen and, as a devotee of Russian revolutionary thought, was an atheist." Robert Service, Lenin: A Biography, p. 85
- ↑ "Lenin's world was anti-metaphysical, anti-individualistic, atheist and materialist. The idealists whom Lenin despised for their 'superstitions' believed by contrast in transcendental values, moral individualism, faith, idealism and, resting on all these things and indissoluble from them, freedom." Lesley Chamberlain, Lenin's Private War: The Voyage of the Philosophy Steamer and the Exile of the Intelligentsia, pp. 271-272
- ↑ Tariq Ramadan, Islam and the Arab Awakening, Oxford University Press, 2012, ISBN 0199933731, p. 76.
- ↑ "Belarus president visits Vatican", BBC News, April 27, 2009.
- ↑ Pancho Villa: Intimate Recollections by People Who Knew Him, p. 34
- ↑ Jamie Bisher, The Intelligence War in Latin America, 1914-1922, p. 185
- ↑ "Somehow, [Calles'] illegitimacy and poverty shaped his hatred for religion and Catholicism. He became an avowed atheist." José M. Peña, Inherit the Dust from the Four Winds of Revilla: A 250-Year Historical Perspective with Emphasis on Ancient Guerrero, its People and its Land Grants, p. 230
- ↑ David A. Shirk, Mexico's New Policies: The PAN and Democratic Change, p. 58