Counterexamples to Relativity
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The theory of relativity is a mathematical model for the universe pioneered by Albert Einstein. Here is a list of 23 counterexamples:
- Gravitational waves have not yet conclusively been found[1]
- The eccentricity of the Moon's orbit is not supported by the theory of relativity.[2]
- The Pioneer anomaly.
- Anomalies in the locations of spacecraft that have flown by Earth ("flybys").[3]
- Increasingly precise measurements of the advance of the perihelion of Mercury show a shift greater than predicted by Relativity, well beyond the margin of error.[4]
- The discontinuity in momentum as velocity approaches "c" for infinitesimal mass, compared to the momentum of light.
- The logical problem of a force which is applied perpendicular to the velocity of a relativistic mass
- The observed lack of curvature in overall space.[5]
- The universe shortly after its origination was dominated by quantum effects thst contradict Relativity.
- The action-at-a-distance of quantum entanglement.[6]
- The failure to discover gravitons
- Newly observed data reveal that a fundamental constant of physics, α (alpha), actually varies throughout the universe, demonstrating that all inertial frames of reference do not experience identical laws of physics as claimed by Relativity.[7]
- The double star "W13" weighs "40 times as much as the sun—more than enough to form a black hole[8]
- The inability of the theory to lead to other insights, contrary to every verified theory of physics.
- The change in mass over time of standard kilograms preserved under ideal conditions.[9]
- The uniformity in temperature throughout the universe.[10]
- "According to Einstein’s view on the universe, space-time should be smooth and continuous" but observations instead show "inexplicable static" greater than "all artificial sources of" possible background noise.[11]
- "The snag is that in quantum mechanics, time retains its Newtonian aloofness, providing the stage against which matter dances but never being affected by its presence. These two [QM and Relativity] conceptions of time don’t gel."[12]
- The theory predicts wormholes just as it predicts black holes, but wormholes violate causality and permit absurd time travel.[13]
- The theory predicts natural formation of highly ordered (and thus low entropy) black holes despite the increase in entropy required by the Second Law of Thermodynamics.[14]
- Relativity requires different values for the inertia of a moving object: in its direction of motion, and perpendicular to that direction. This contradicts the logical principle that the laws of physics are the same in all directions.
- Relativity requires that anything traveling at the speed of light must have mass zero, so it must have momentum zero. But the laws of electrodynamics require that light have nonzero momentum.
- Unlike most well-tested fundamental physical theories, the theory of relativity violates conditions of a conservative field. Path independence, for example, is lacking under the theory of relativity, as in the "twin paradox" whereby the age of each twin under the theory is dependent on the path he traveled. In defense of the theory, it is noted that it mandates conservation of the matter-stress-energy tensor (the only way to get real conservation, since matter and energy are interchangeable.) This follows from the "contracted Bianchi identity". [1] Also, the curl of the "gravitational field vector" is exactly zero in the absence of moving sources, due to symmetries of Riemann's tensor. It follows, from Stokes' Theorem, that the gravitational field is conservative and has a potential function. Energy is conserved.
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See also
References
- ↑ http://arxiv.org/abs/1102.3781
- ↑ http://arxiv.org/abs/1102.0212
- ↑ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/23410705/
- ↑ In a complicated or contrived series of calculations that most physics majors cannot duplicate even after learning them, the theory of general relativity's fundamental formula, <math>G_{\mu\nu} = 8 \pi K T_{\mu\nu}\,</math>, was conformed to match Mercury's then-observed precession of 5600.0 arc-seconds per century. Subsequently, however, more sophisticated technology has measured a different value of this precession (5599.7 arc-seconds per century, with a margin of error of only 0.01), and leading promoters of Relativity (such as Professor Clifford Will) have omitted this in listing tests confirming Relativity.
- ↑ If space were curved, one would never expect the universe as a whole to be almost precisely flat. Yet it is.
- ↑ Quantum entanglement has not yet communicated information faster than the speed of light, but has already exhibited action faster than the speed of light.
- ↑ For a report on the data, see a paper submitted in 2010 by John Webb and Julian King of the University of new South Wales, Australia, to the Physical Review Letters.
- ↑ http://www.economist.com/node/17035953
- ↑ Mystery:Why Is the Kilogram Losing Weight?
- ↑ http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6092-speed-of-light-may-have-changed-recently.html ("A varying speed of light contradicts Einstein's theory of relativity, and would undermine much of traditional physics. But some physicists believe it would elegantly explain puzzling cosmological phenomena such as the nearly uniform temperature of the universe.")
- ↑ Hunt for gravitational waves discovers unexpected data instead.
- ↑ http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=splitting-time-from-space
- ↑ http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v61/i13/p1446_1 . The popular science press promotes black holes to a far greater extent than wormholes.
- ↑ Contrived explanations have been suggested for this dilemma, such as Stephen Hawking proposing that the entropy of matter in a black hole is somehow stored in the surface area of its event horizon to be released back into its surroundings as the black hole decays by radiation, known as "Hawking radiation."