Difference between revisions of "Deviationism"
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==Browderism== | ==Browderism== | ||
==Titoism== | ==Titoism== | ||
| − | Titoism is a form of Leninism based on the regime of [[Marshal Tito]] post-[[World War II]] in [[Yugoslavia]]. While formerly heading a [[Comintern]] [[National liberation movement|liberation movement]], after the war Tito broke with [[Moscow]] and insisted Yugoslavia | + | Titoism is a form of Leninism based on the regime of [[Marshal Tito]] post-[[World War II]] in [[Yugoslavia]]. While formerly heading a [[Comintern]] [[National liberation movement|liberation movement]], after the war Tito broke with [[Moscow]] and insisted Yugoslavia was to be non-aligned with neither [[NATO]] nor the [[Warsaw Pact]]. Tito called for "national unity" and "self-management" which enabled Yugoslavia to form relationships independent of the [[Superpower]]s with other governments during the [[Cold War]]. |
==Maoism== | ==Maoism== | ||
Revision as of 06:58, March 19, 2010
Trotskyism
Browderism
Titoism
Titoism is a form of Leninism based on the regime of Marshal Tito post-World War II in Yugoslavia. While formerly heading a Comintern liberation movement, after the war Tito broke with Moscow and insisted Yugoslavia was to be non-aligned with neither NATO nor the Warsaw Pact. Tito called for "national unity" and "self-management" which enabled Yugoslavia to form relationships independent of the Superpowers with other governments during the Cold War.
Maoism
Maoism mixes orthodox Stalinism with Populism. Named after its originator Mao Zedong, the ideology relies on militant, insurrectionary and populist strategies in movement organizing (People’s Wars, Cultural Revolution, Peasant Uprising, etc). Once in power, however, Maoists tend to install a traditionally corrupt Stalinist regime — bureaucratic, totalitarian, militaristic, and dictatorial. Like Stalin, Mao’s China relied on Five-Year Plans, the best-known of which was the Great Leap Forward," later renamed the "Three Years of Disasters." Maoists also believe that the world socialist revolution will begin in the "Third World."[1]
The Maoist strategy for world revolution is based on the global version of the strategy employed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) which led to Mao's victory in 1949. The analogy went like this: through "peoples war" the CCP forces who contolled the countryside of China encircled the cities of China, isolated the foe, and destroyed it piecemeal. The logic followed that the countryside of the world as a reaction to the super-exploitation suffered at the hands of the city of the world would become united and defeat the latter, and in the process establish a world socialist order.
This grand design would come about not through the struggles of working classes in revolutionary fervor inside the advanced capitalist countries as prescribed by Marx, but through the vehicle of national liberation struggles of teh colonial and former colonial peoples of the Third World.
This view of the CCP contrasted sharply with the view of Moscow whose ideology was in line with orthodoxy of historical materialism of Marxism's early prophets, that is socialist societies must be preceded by capitalist societies, which would provide the material basis for a socialist economy. This orthodox theory of Marxism frelied heavily on which relied heavily on a dialectical "force of history" that would inevitably bring about the "objective conditions" necessary for a proletarian revolution to succeed. Any ideological concepts running counter to this thesis, that is, a ny formulations which called for skipping stages of historic development were considered in the orthodox view as adventuristic and counter revolutionary.[2]
Maoist deviationism inspired students and other young people who looked to the Chinese Red Guards as a model of activism.[3] While some of these young activists were drawn to the Progressive Labor Party (PLP), the full flowering of American Maoism would not come until the proliferation of new groups such as the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), Weather Underground (WUO), Black Panthers (BPP) and the Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) (CP-ML) after 1969.
References
- ↑ The Red Encyclopedia: A Communism and Communists Reference Guide,. Hosted by the linefeed group, San Fransisco, CA. Retrieved March 19, 2010.
- ↑ Foreign Influence - Weather Underground Organization (WUO). FBI Chicago Field Office Report, August 20, 1976. Section I. Ideology D. Influence of Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tse-tung Thought, Page 57 in original (p. 20 pdf).
- ↑ Paul Costello, U.S. Anti-Revisionism Third Wave, 1960-1970, Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line. Marxist Internet Archive. Retrieved March 16, 2010.