Difference between revisions of "Anti-lynching law"
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Proponents tried again in 1937 with the Gavagan-Wagner bill, Rep. Joseph Gavagan (D–NY) being the new sponsor. This bill passed 277–120, with 189 Democrats, 75 Republicans, 8 Progressives, and 5 Farmer-Labors voting for and 117 Democrats and 3 Republicans voting against.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/h27 TO PASS H. R. 1507, AN ANTI-LYNCHING BILL.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref> This bill once again was killed by Democrats in the Senate. Different from the bill's reception in the House during 1922, there were a majority of Democrats voting in favor as the Republican presence was greatly reduced during the New Deal; thus, many Northern Democrats are in Congress and voting for the measure. Yet 96% of Republicans voted for the measure, while 92% of Northern Democrats did so. Only 6% of Southern Democrats voted for it. | Proponents tried again in 1937 with the Gavagan-Wagner bill, Rep. Joseph Gavagan (D–NY) being the new sponsor. This bill passed 277–120, with 189 Democrats, 75 Republicans, 8 Progressives, and 5 Farmer-Labors voting for and 117 Democrats and 3 Republicans voting against.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/h27 TO PASS H. R. 1507, AN ANTI-LYNCHING BILL.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref> This bill once again was killed by Democrats in the Senate. Different from the bill's reception in the House during 1922, there were a majority of Democrats voting in favor as the Republican presence was greatly reduced during the New Deal; thus, many Northern Democrats are in Congress and voting for the measure. Yet 96% of Republicans voted for the measure, while 92% of Northern Democrats did so. Only 6% of Southern Democrats voted for it. | ||
| − | The final effort during the New Deal [[coalition]] was in 1940. The bill that year, known as the Gavagan-Fish bill, with Rep. Hamilton Fish (R–NY) as sponsor, passed 252–131, with 109 Democrats, 140 Republicans, 2 Progressives, and 1 American Laborer voting for and 123 Democrats and 8 Republicans voting against. The [[Democratic party|Democratic]] vote flipped from favorable to unfavorable due to the 1938 midterms, in which Republicans regained some of their strength in the North. Republican support stayed roughly where it was at 95% while Northern Democrat support went down to 84%. The Southern Democrat percent support fell to 1%, with only Edward Creal (D–Ky.) voting in favor. | + | The final effort during the New Deal [[coalition]] was in 1940. The bill that year, known as the Gavagan-Fish bill, with Rep. Hamilton Fish (R–NY) as sponsor, passed 252–131, with 109 Democrats, 140 Republicans, 2 Progressives, and 1 American Laborer voting for and 123 Democrats and 8 Republicans voting against.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/76-3/h96 TO PASS H.R. 801, A BILL TO MAKE LYNCHING A FEDERAL CRIME.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref> The [[Democratic party|Democratic]] vote flipped from favorable to unfavorable due to the 1938 midterms, in which Republicans regained some of their strength in the North. Republican support stayed roughly where it was at 95% while Northern Democrat support went down to 84%. The Southern Democrat percent support fell to 1%, with only Edward Creal (D–Ky.) voting in favor. |
President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] never supported any of these efforts to pass anti-lynching legislation.<ref>Little, Becky (January 31, 2019). [https://www.history.com/news/fdr-eleanor-roosevelt-anti-lynching-bill Why FDR Didn’t Support Eleanor Roosevelt’s Anti-Lynching Campaign]. ''HISTORY''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref><ref>Masur, Louis P. (December 28, 2020). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2018/12/28/why-it-took-century-pass-an-anti-lynching-law/ Why it took a century to pass an anti-lynching law]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref><ref>Magness, Phillip W. (July 31, 2020). [https://www.aier.org/article/how-fdr-killed-federal-anti-lynching-legislation/ How FDR Killed Federal Anti-Lynching Legislation]. ''American Institute for Economic Research''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref> | President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] never supported any of these efforts to pass anti-lynching legislation.<ref>Little, Becky (January 31, 2019). [https://www.history.com/news/fdr-eleanor-roosevelt-anti-lynching-bill Why FDR Didn’t Support Eleanor Roosevelt’s Anti-Lynching Campaign]. ''HISTORY''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref><ref>Masur, Louis P. (December 28, 2020). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2018/12/28/why-it-took-century-pass-an-anti-lynching-law/ Why it took a century to pass an anti-lynching law]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref><ref>Magness, Phillip W. (July 31, 2020). [https://www.aier.org/article/how-fdr-killed-federal-anti-lynching-legislation/ How FDR Killed Federal Anti-Lynching Legislation]. ''American Institute for Economic Research''. Retrieved June 8, 2021.</ref> | ||
Revision as of 01:32, June 9, 2021
Federal Anti-lynching laws had been proposed over 200 times but never adopted.[1] The first time an anti-lynching bill passed the House was on January 26, 1922. The Dyer bill passed the House 230–120, with 221 Republicans, 8 Democrats, and 1 Socialist voting for, while 17 Republicans and 103 Democrats voted against.[2] 95% of Republicans, 47% of Northern Democrats, and 1% of Southern Democrats voted for the measure, with Ben Johnson (D–Ky.) standing alone among them. Democrat senators succeeded in killing the bill.
The next serious effort was the Costigan-Wagner Bill proposed during the New Deal. The sponsors were Senators Edward Costigan of Colorado and Robert Wagner of New York. The bill met the same fate as the Dyer bill at the hands of Democrats and was killed without having a definitive up or down vote.
Proponents tried again in 1937 with the Gavagan-Wagner bill, Rep. Joseph Gavagan (D–NY) being the new sponsor. This bill passed 277–120, with 189 Democrats, 75 Republicans, 8 Progressives, and 5 Farmer-Labors voting for and 117 Democrats and 3 Republicans voting against.[3] This bill once again was killed by Democrats in the Senate. Different from the bill's reception in the House during 1922, there were a majority of Democrats voting in favor as the Republican presence was greatly reduced during the New Deal; thus, many Northern Democrats are in Congress and voting for the measure. Yet 96% of Republicans voted for the measure, while 92% of Northern Democrats did so. Only 6% of Southern Democrats voted for it.
The final effort during the New Deal coalition was in 1940. The bill that year, known as the Gavagan-Fish bill, with Rep. Hamilton Fish (R–NY) as sponsor, passed 252–131, with 109 Democrats, 140 Republicans, 2 Progressives, and 1 American Laborer voting for and 123 Democrats and 8 Republicans voting against.[4] The Democratic vote flipped from favorable to unfavorable due to the 1938 midterms, in which Republicans regained some of their strength in the North. Republican support stayed roughly where it was at 95% while Northern Democrat support went down to 84%. The Southern Democrat percent support fell to 1%, with only Edward Creal (D–Ky.) voting in favor.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt never supported any of these efforts to pass anti-lynching legislation.[5][6][7]
See also
References
- ↑ On Ideology and Anti-Lynching Legislation. Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
- ↑ TO PASS H. R. 13.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
- ↑ TO PASS H. R. 1507, AN ANTI-LYNCHING BILL.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
- ↑ TO PASS H.R. 801, A BILL TO MAKE LYNCHING A FEDERAL CRIME.. GovTrack.us. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
- ↑ Little, Becky (January 31, 2019). Why FDR Didn’t Support Eleanor Roosevelt’s Anti-Lynching Campaign. HISTORY. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
- ↑ Masur, Louis P. (December 28, 2020). Why it took a century to pass an anti-lynching law. The Washington Post. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
- ↑ Magness, Phillip W. (July 31, 2020). How FDR Killed Federal Anti-Lynching Legislation. American Institute for Economic Research. Retrieved June 8, 2021.