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::''Disproof'': archaeologist John Garstang discovered an intricate (collapsed) wall of Jericho during digging in 1930-36.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*that [[Pontius Pilate]], described in the Bible as a Judean Roman Prefect who ordered the [[Crucifixion]] of [[Jesus]], never held that powerful position.
::''Disproof'': archeologists excavating an ancient amphitheater in Palestine discovered in 1961 a massive limestone having the inscription, "Pontius Pilate, Prefect of Judea."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeology and Pontius Pilate |url=http://www.bible-history.com/pontius_pilate/pilateArchaeology.htm |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://archive.li/N8dgc |archive-date=2013-06-21 |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=bible-history.com}}</ref><ref>[https://bible-history.com/linkpage/the-theater-at-caesarea-and-the-pontius-pilate-stone-inscription Caesarea Theater Inscription], Bible-History.Com</ref><ref>[https://www.ichthus.info/CaseForChrist/Archeology/Supporting/Pilate-mht.html Pilate Inscription], ichthus.info</ref><ref>[https://www.imj.org.il/en/collections/395572-0 Latin Dedicatory Inscription], Israel Museum, Jerusalem.</ref>
*that there was only weak evidence for the existence of the high priest Caiaphas, who according to the [[New Testament]] turned Jesus over to Pilate for [[Crucifixion]]
::''Disproof'': in 1990, archaeologists discovered a burial cave dating from around 50 A.D., only 20 years after the Crucifixion, which contained a stone ossuary engraved with his formal name "Jehosaph son of Caiapha."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-14 |title=Caiaphas Ossuary |url=https://dannythedigger.com/caiaphas-ossuary/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Danny The Digger |language=en-US}}</ref>
