Censorship of vaccine criticism

Censorship of vaccine criticism is advocated by the AMA and other liberal medical associations in their amicus brief submitted to the U.S. Supreme Court in December 2023 in the case of Murthy v. Missouri.

Their brief cites only three court decisions, none of which genuinely support their position, and about 81 medicine-related articles and postings:

• Jennifer Abbasi, Widespread Misinformation About Infertility Continues to Create COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, 327 JAMA 1013 (2022), https://bit.ly/3QIhFeX

the article asserts that there is no evidence for the Covid vaccine causing infertility, but does not describe adequate testing for that and admits that the vaccine did cause some variations in menstruation

• Am. Acad. of Pediatrics, Going PLACES (Sept. 2023), https://bit.ly/3uv1dHm

• Am. Med. Ass’n, Physician Leaders Discuss COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation (May 26, 2021), https://bit.ly/3R3n41B

• Annenberg Pub. Pol. Ctr., Vaccine Confidence Falls as Belief in Health Misinformation Grows (Nov. 1, 2023), https://bit.ly/3ur14om

• Timothy B. Baker et al., The Relationship of COVID-19 Vaccination with Mortality Among 86,732 Hospitalized Patients: Subpopulations, Patient Factors, and Changes over Time, 38 J. Gen. Internal Med. 1248 (2023), https://bit.ly/3MQBv6u

• John Robert Bautista et al., US Physicians’ and Nurses’ Motivations, Barriers, and Recommendations for Correcting Health Misinformation on Social Media: Qualitative Interview Study, 7 JMIR Pub. Health & Surveillance, no. 9, e27715 (2021), https://bit.ly/49GUVob

• Cornelia Betsch et al., The Influence of Vaccine-Critical Websites on Perceiving Vaccination Risks, 15 J. Health Psych. 446 (2010)

• Bureau of the Census, U.S. Dep’t of Com., Ser. P-25 No. 69, Current Population Reports: Population Estimates (Mar. 6, 1953), https://bit.ly/3G6rPkE

• Justin Carrico et al., Value of the Immunization Program for Children in the 2017 US Birth Cohort, 150 Pediatrics, no. 3, e2021056007 (Sept. 2022), https://bit.ly/3RI9ile

• Jesús Castilla et al., Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Outpatient, Inpatient, and Severe Cases of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza, 57 Clinical Infectious Diseases 167 (2013), https://bit.ly/414fJT1

• CDC, Autism, https://bit.ly/46s1aK3 (last reviewed Dec. 1, 2021)

• CDC, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, https://bit.ly/40OIa74

• CDC, Measles (Rubeola), https://bit.ly/3SMLQo8

• CDC, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), https://bit.ly/3G9cUGx

• CDC, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System Fact Sheet, https://bit.ly/3uiOTKp

• CDC, Why CDC is Working to End Polio Globally, https://bit.ly/415gZFa

• Allyson Chiu, ‘If Not Us, Then Who?’ These Doctors and Nurses Battle Covid All Day. Then They Go Online and Fight Misinformation, Wash. Post (Feb. 24, 2021), https://bit.ly/4728kop

• Michael Davidson, Vaccination as a Cause of Autism—Myths and Controversies, 19 Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 403 (Dec. 2017), https://bit.ly/3QYJ7Xb

• Adam G. Dunn et al., Mapping Information Exposure on Social Media to Explain Differences in HPV Vaccine Coverage in the United States, 35 Vaccine 3033 (2017), https://bit.ly/3MPwY4p

• Beatrice Dupuy, COVID-19 Vaccines Do Not Cause Magnetism in Bodies, AP News (June 9, 2021, 1:43 PM), https://bit.ly/3SRfuIQ

• FDA, COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Surveillance, https://bit.ly/40MbP0R

• FDA, Smallpox Preparedness and Response Updates from FDA, https://bit.ly/40J7mMi

• FDA, Vaccine Development – 101, https://bit.ly/46n6q1s

• Jill M. Ferdinands et al., Does Influenza Vaccination Attenuate the Severity of Breakthrough Infections? A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Further Research, 39 Vaccine 3678 (2021)

• Paul Fine et al., “Herd Immunity”: A Rough Guide, 52 Clinical Infectious Diseases 911 (Apr. 1, 2011), https://bit.ly/46lui5D

• Meagan C. Fitzpatrick et al., Two Years of U.S. COVID-19 Vaccines Have Prevented Millions of Hospitalizations and Deaths, The Commonwealth Fund (Dec. 13, 2022), https://bit.ly/40O0Vrh

• Geoffrey French et al., Impact of Hospital Strain on Excess Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic – United States, July 2020-July 2021, 70 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 1613 (Nov. 19, 2021), https://bit.ly/49JLaG8

• E.J. Gangarosa et al., Impact of Anti-Vaccine Movements on Pertussis Control: The Untold Story, 351 Lancet 356 (1998)

• Courtney Gidengil et al., Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization in the United States: An Update, Agency for Healthcare Rsch. & Quality (May 2021), https://bit.ly/410E9gd

• Kristin Goddard et al., Safety of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Among Young Children in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, 152 Pediatrics, no. 1, e2023061894 (June 2023), https://bit.ly/40SI26s

• Liz Hamel et al., KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor: Media and Misinformation, KFF (Nov. 8, 2021), https://bit.ly/47Brja3

• Anne M. Hause et al., Safety Monitoring of an Additional Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine – United States, August 12-September 19, 2021, 70 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 1379 (2021), https://bit.ly/3R7RJuR

• Anne M. Hause et al., Safety Monitoring of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Second Booster Doses Among Adults Aged ≥ 50 Years – United States, March 29, 2022-July 10, 2022, 71 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 971 (2022), https://bit.ly/49IfoJh

• Fiona P. Havers et al., COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Adults 18 Years or Older in 13 US States, January 2021 to April 2022, 182 JAMA Internal Med. 1071 (2022), https://bit.ly/49LryRJ

• Beth L. Hoffman et al., It’s Not All About Autism: The Emerging Landscape of Anti-Vaccination Sentiment on Facebook, 37 Vaccine 2216 (2019)

• Heather Hollingsworth, Doctors Grow Frustrated Over COVID-19 Denial, Misinformation, AP News (Oct. 4, 2021, 4:05 PM), https://bit.ly/47CoRjB

• Jacqueline Howard, Minnesota Measles Outbreak Exceeds Last Year’s Nationwide Numbers, CNN (June 2, 2017, 3:52 PM), https://cnn.it/3MJxzEI

• Inst. of Med., The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety: Stakeholder Concerns, Scientific Evidence, and Future Studies, Nat’l Acads. Press (2013), https://bit.ly/3Gc1hhU

• Nicola P. Klein et al., Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination, 326 JAMA 1390 (2021), https://bit.ly/49H8xjk

• Ruth Link-Gelles et al., Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection—Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, September-November 2022, 71 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 1526 (2022), https://bit.ly/3MRZ5jr

• Sahil Loomba et al., Measuring the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Vaccination Intent in the UK and USA, 5 Nature Hum. Behav. 337 (2021), https://bit.ly/3RLSDxc

• Mayo Clinic Health Sys., Debunking COVID-19 Myths, https://mayocl.in/3MSnhCl

• David M. Morens et al., The Concept of Classical Herd Immunity May Not Apply to COVID-19, 226 J. Infectious Diseases 195 (2022), https://bit.ly/3RjzAtZ

• Claire Morley et al., Emergency Department Crowding: A Systematic Review of Causes, Consequences and Solutions, 13 PLOS One, Aug. 30, 2018, https://bit.ly/3SI9mCA

• Brendan Nyhan & Jason Reifler, Does Correcting Myths About the Flu Vaccine Work? An Experimental Evaluation of the Effects of Corrective Information, 33 Vaccine 459 (Jan. 2015), https://bit.ly/3QFovC1

• Brendan Nyhan et al., Effective Messages in Vaccine Promotion: A Randomized Trial, 133 Pediatrics e835 (2014)

• Joel Oliphint, Top Doctors: Anatomy of the Central Ohio Measles Outbreak and Why It Might Not Be the Last, Columbus Monthly (Aug. 15, 2023, 6:17 PM), https://bit.ly/46rjNOg

• S.J. Olshanksy & L. Hayflick, The Role of the WI-38 Cell Strain in Saving Lives and Reducing Morbidity, 4 AIMS Pub. Health 127 (2017), https://bit.ly/3G3Ugjp

• Walter A. Orenstein & Rafi Ahmed, Simply Put: Vaccination Saves Lives, 114 PNAS 4031 (Apr. 10, 2017), https://bit.ly/3G4ezgi

• Manisha Patel et al., National Update on Measles Cases and Outbreaks—United States, January 1-October 1, 2019, 68 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 893 (Oct. 11, 2019), https://bit.ly/3Tcgo2P

• Varun K. Phadke et al., Association Between Vaccine Refusal and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in the United States: A Review of Measles and Pertussis, 315 JAMA 1149 (2016), https://bit.ly/3SSeK6m

• Francesco Pierri et al., Online Misinformation Is Linked to Early COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy and Refusal, 12 Sci. Reps., no. 1, 5966 (2022), https://bit.ly/46ZHVaZ

• Kazem Rahmani et al., The Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Reducing the Incidence, Hospitalization, and Mortality From COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 10 Frontiers Pub. Health 873596 (Aug. 26, 2022), https://bit.ly/47lnLcb

• Mohana Ravindranath, Doctors Bring the Fight to Anti-Vaxxers Online, Politico (Feb. 15, 2021, 4:31 AM), https://bit.ly/3v7FNRe

• Dorit Rubinstein Reiss & Lois A. Weithorn, Responding to the Childhood Vaccination Crisis: Legal Frameworks and Tools in the Context of Parental Vaccine Refusal, 63 Buff. L. Rev. 881 (2015), https://bit.ly/3uD8wgx

• Reuters Fact Check, No Evidence COVID-19 Vaccines Have Caused Increase In Cancers, Contrary To Claims Made On Social Media, Reuters (Feb. 11, 2022, 3:02 PM), https://reut.rs/46oD1nt

• Reuters, Fact Check: RFID Microchips Will Not Be Injected with the COVID-19 Vaccine, Altered Video Features Bill and Melinda Gates and Jack Ma (Dec. 4, 2020, 3:52 PM), https://reut.rs/40GO9e8

• Andis Robeznieks, Doctor Shortages Are Here—And They’ll Get Worse If We Don’t Act Fast, Am. Med. Ass’n (Apr. 13, 2022), https://bit.ly/4aq4bNV

• Charlene M.C. Rodrigues & Stanley A. Plotkin, Impact of Vaccines; Health, Economic and Social Perspectives, 11 Frontiers in Microbiology, July 2020, https://bit.ly/3QMFB0D

• Lisa S. Rotenstein et al., The Association of Work Overload with Burnout and Intent to Leave the Job Across the Healthcare Workforce During COVID-19, 38 J. Gen. Internal Med. 1920 (2023), https://bit.ly/48maBfp

• Royal Soc’y for Pub. Health, Moving the Needle: Promoting Vaccination Uptake Across the Life Course (Jan. 2019), https://bit.ly/3R3e4JQ

• Regina Royan et al., Physician and Biomedical Scientist Harassment on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 6 JAMA Network Open, no. 6, e2318315 (June 14, 2023), https://bit.ly/41lsKHT

• Andrea Salcedo, A Doctor Falsely Told Lawmakers Vaccines Magnetize People: ‘They Can Put a Key on Their Forehead. It Sticks.”, Wash. Post (June 9, 2021), https://wapo.st/47ixxMh

• Asha Shajahan & Irene V. Pasquetto, Countering Medical Misinformation Online and in the Clinic, 106 Am. Fam. Physician 124 (2022), https://bit.ly/49EDMeZ

• Molly K. Steele et al., Estimated Number of COVID-19 Infections, Hospitalizations, and Deaths Prevented Among Vaccinated Persons in the US, December 2020 to September 2021, 5 JAMA Network Open, no. 7, e2220385 (Jul. 6, 2022), https://bit.ly/47n6tf4

• Amitabh Bipin Suthar et al., Public Health Impact of COVID-19 Vaccines in the United States: Observational Study, 377 BMJ, e069317 (Mar. 2022), https://bit.ly/41ebHat

• Sandra E. Talbird et al., Impact of Routine Childhood Immunization in Reducing Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in the United States, 150 Pediatrics, no. 3, e2021056013 (Sept. 2022), https://bit.ly/46ZECjR

• Sophia T. Tan et al., Infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections and Reinfections During the Omicron Wave, 29 Nature Med. 358 (2023), https://bit.ly/3tfZUfy

• Katie Tarasov, Why It’s Not Possible for the Covid Vaccines to Contain a Magnetic Tracking Chip That Connects to 5G, CNBC (Oct. 1, 2021, 11:40 AM), https://cnb.cx/3NhuJr1 .

• Sara Y. Tartof et al., Health Care Utilization in the 6 Months Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection, 5 JAMA Network Open, e2225657 (Aug. 12, 2022), https://bit.ly/49W3EDt

• Mark W. Tenforde et al., Association Between mRNA Vaccination and COVID-19 Hospitalization and Disease Severity, 326 JAMA 2043 (2021), https://bit.ly/3R6qfFW

• Elizabeth C. Tiller et al., Notes from the Field: Measles Outbreak – Central Ohio, 2022–2023, 72 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 847 (Aug. 4, 2023), https://bit.ly/3MP5E6u

• U.S. Census Bureau, 1920 Fast Facts, https://bit.ly/47HlyI7

• Tara M. Vogt et al., Declining Hepatitis A Mortality in the United States During the Era of Hepatitis A Vaccination, 197 J. Infectious Diseases 1282 (2008), https://bit.ly/3R5uBMn

• Navya Voleti et al., Myocarditis in SARS-CoV-2 Infection vs. COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Frontiers in Cardiovascular Med. (2022), https://bit.ly/3RDwVdN

• Meredith Wadman, Antivaccine Activists Use a Government Database on Side Effects to Scare the Public, Sci. (May 26, 2021), https://bit.ly/47lhcXb

• Cynthia G. Whitney et al., Benefits from Immunization During the Vaccines for Children Program Era – United States, 1994–2013, 63 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 352 (2014), https://bit.ly/47FD92S

• Nana Wu et al., Long-term Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Infections, Hospitalizations, and Mortality in Adults: Findings from a Rapid Living Systematic Evidence Synthesis and Meta-Analysis Up to December, 2022, 11 Lancet Respiratory Med. 439 (2023), https://bit.ly/3uuQlJB

• Stanley Xu et al., COVID-19 Vaccination and Non-COVID-19 Mortality Risk – Seven Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 14, 2020-July 31, 2021, 70 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 1520 (2021), https://bit.ly/3up5pIY

• Wanqian Xu et al., Real-World Safety of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 11 Vaccines, no. 6, 1118 (2023), https://bit.ly/3utr172

• Jennifer Zipprich et al., Measles Outbreak — California, December 2014–February 2015, 64 Morbidity & Mortality Wkly. Rep. 153 (2015), https://bit.ly/41m0ogs