[[File:Sam Harris 01-2010.jpg|thumbnail|200px260px|right|The [[New Atheism|new atheist]] [[Sam Harris]] said concerning the label of [[Atheism|atheist]], "It's right next to child molester as a designation."(see also: [[Distrust of atheists]])<ref name="Harris">Roberts, Jessica, et al. (June 19, 2007). [http://news21.com/story/2007/06/19/interview_with_an_atheist "Interview with an atheist"]. News21. Retrieved on July 30, 2014.</ref><ref name="NEWSWEEK Poll: 90% Believe in God">[http://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-poll-90-believe-god-97611 NEWSWEEK Poll: 90% Believe in God], ''Newsweek'' 2007</ref>]]Concerning various '''views on atheists''', sociological research indicates that atheists are widely distrusted in both religious cultures and nonreligious cultures.<ref name="USATodayviewsonatheists">[http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/religion/story/2011-12-10/religion-atheism/51777612/1 Study: Atheists distrusted as much as rapists]</ref><ref name="CPviewsonatheists"><ref>[http://www.christianpost.com/news/atheists-widely-distrusted-even-among-themselves-culturally-ingrained-uk-study-finds-160480/ Atheists Widely Distrusted, Even Among Themselves, UK Study Finds], Christian Post, 2015</ref><ref name="Independentviewsonatheists">[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/anti-atheist-distrust-deeply-and-culturally-ingrained-study-finds-a6952276.html Anti-atheist distrust ‘deeply and culturally ingrained’, study finds], ''The Independent'', 2015</ref><ref>Edgell, Gerteis & Hartmann 2006</ref><ref>Edgell, Gerteis & Hartmann 2006</ref> According to a study published in the ''International Journal for The Psychology of Religion'': "anti-atheist prejudice is not confined either to dominantly religious countries or to religious individuals, but rather appears to be a robust judgment about atheists."<ref name="IJPRviewsonatheistsIndependentviewsonatheists"/> The study found that many atheists do not trust each other atheists as well.<ref name="IJPRviewsonatheistsIndependentviewsonatheists"/>
Dr. [[Sam Harris]] is one of the founders of the [[New Atheism]] movement. [[Sam Harris]] is quite aware of the stigma surrounding [[atheism]] and has even advocated that atheists no longer call themselves atheists.<ref name="HarrisNEWSWEEK Poll: 90% Believe in God"/>Roberts, Jessica, et al. (June 19, 2007). [http://news21.com/story/2007/06/19/interview_with_an_atheist <ref name="Interview with an atheistHarris"]. News21. Retrieved on July 30, 2014.</ref> In fact, Harris has said concerning the label of atheist, "It's right next to child molester as a designation."<ref name="Harris"/><ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-poll-90-believe-god-97611 NEWSWEEK Poll: 90% Believe in God], ''Newsweek'' 2007"/></refname="Harris"/> See also: [[Atheism and social outcasts]] and [[Closet atheist]]
Due to the stigma of the label of atheistFurthermore, it atheism is common for atheists to choose to call themselves skeptics, nonbelievers, often associated with immorality (see: [[Humanism|humanists]] Atheism and [[freethought|freethinkersmorality]]<ref name="huffingtonpost).com">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/roy-speckhardt/atheist-humanist-labels_b_4723649.html AtheistIn addition, Humanist, Secular: Why Fight Over Labels?] by Roy Speckhardt. HuffPost Religion</ref> Individuals of Jewish descent often call themselves secular Jews or simply Jews rather than call themselves historically atheists.<ref name="huffingtonpost.com"/> have frequently behaved in immoral manner (See also: [[Closet atheistAtheist population and immorality]]).
Due to the stigma of the label of atheist, it is common for atheists to choose to call themselves skeptics, nonbelievers, [[Humanism|humanists]] and [[freethought|freethinkers]]<ref name== Americans and Canadians distrust "huffingtonpost.com">[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/roy-speckhardt/atheist-humanist-labels_b_4723649.html Atheist, Humanist, Secular: Why Fight Over Labels?] by Roy Speckhardt. HuffPost Religion</ref> Individuals of Jewish descent often call themselves secular Jews or simply Jews rather than call themselves atheists as much as rapists =.<ref name="huffingtonpost.com"/> See also: [[Closet atheist]]
''See also:'' [[Distrust of Various atheists]] and [[Atheism and rape]] and [[Atheism and social outcasts]][[File:2404429188 ea8f1fc48b.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Studies and web traffic data appear have attempted to indicate that women in change the Western World tend to be more religious than men.<ref>Multiple references:*Kosmin, Barry A., et al. (2008). [http://web.archive.org/web/20110904110346/http://www.americanreligionsurvey-aris.org/reports/NONES_08.pdf "American nones: Profile public's perception of the no religion population"]. American Religion Survey website [Trinity College, Hartford, CT]. Retrieved from Internet Archive.*Brittatheism and atheists, Robert Roy but their efforts were largely unsuccessful (February 28, 2009). [http://www.livescience.com/7689-women-religious-men.html "Women more religious than men"]. Live Science website.</ref> Seesee: [[Atheism and womenAttempts to positively rebrand atheism]] ]] On December 10, 2011, ''USA Today'' reported in a story entitled ''Study: Atheists distrusted as much as rapists'':{{cquote|The study, conducted among 350 Americans adults and 420 Canadian college students, asked participants to decide if a fictional driver damaged a parked car and left the scene, then found a wallet and took the money, was the driver more likely to be a teacher, an atheist teacher, or a rapist teacher?).
The participants, who were from religious and nonreligious backgrounds, most often chose the atheist teacher.== 2017 Pew Research report on how Americans felt about atheists ==
The study is part of an attempt to understand what needs religion fulfills in people. Among the conclusions is a sense of trust in others. In 2017, Pew Research reported, "People find While Americans still feel coolest toward Muslims and atheists very suspect," Shariff said. "They don't fear God so we should distrust them; they do not have the same moral obligations mean ratings for these two groups increased from a somewhat chilly 40 and 41 degrees, respectively, to more neutral ratings of others. This is a common refrain against atheists. People fear them as a group48 and 50."<ref name="USATodayviewsonatheists"/> See also[https: *[[Irreligion and domestic violence]] *[[Atheism and rape]//www.pewforum.org/2017/02/15/americans-express-increasingly-warm-feelings-toward-religious-groups/ Americans Express Increasingly Warm Feelings Toward Religious Groups], Pew Research, 2017</ref>
== UK study finds atheists widely distrusted - even among themselves ==
Published in the ''International Journal for The Psychology of Religion'', the study, "The Robustness of Anti-Atheist Prejudice as Measured by Way of Cognitive Errors," was conducted with 100 participants from the U.K. ....
The study shows that "anti-atheist prejudice is not confined either to dominantly religious countries or to religious individuals, but rather appears to be a robust judgment about atheists."<ref name="IJPRviewsonatheistsCPviewsonatheists"/>}}
''The Independent'' reports about the participants of the study:
A 2006 University of Minnesota about American views of atheists reported:
{{Cquote|Some people view atheists as problematic because they associate them with illegality,such as drug use and prostitution--that is, with immoral people who threaten respectablecommunity from the lower end of the status hierarchy. Others saw atheists as rampantmaterialists and cultural elitists that threaten common values from above--theostentatiously wealthy who make a lifestyle out of consumption or the cultural elites whothink they know better than everyone else. Both of these themes rest on a view of atheistsas self-interested individualists who are not concerned with the common good.<ref>''Atheism and Secularity'' edited by Phil Zuckerman, page 84</ref><ref>[https://www.soc.umn.edu/assets/pdf/atheistAsOther.pdf Atheists As “Other”: Moral Boundaries and Cultural Membership in American Society], Penny Edgell, Joseph Gerteis, Douglas Hartmann, University of Minnesota, 2006</ref><ref>[http://asr.sagepub.com/content/71/2/211.abstract Atheists As “Other”: Moral Boundaries and Cultural Membership in American Society], Penny Edgell, Joseph Gerteis, Douglas Hartmann, University of Minnesota, 2006</ref>}}
The [[Barna Group]] found that [[atheism|atheists]] and [[agnostics]] in America were more likely, than [[theist]]s in America, to look upon the following behaviors as morally acceptable: illegal drug use; excessive drinking; sexual relationships outside of marriage; [[abortion]]; cohabitating with someone of opposite sex outside of marriage; obscene language; gambling; pornography and obscene sexual behavior; and engaging in [[homosexuality]]/bisexuality.<ref>http://www.barna.org/barna-update/article/5-barna-update/58-practical-outcomes-replace-biblical-principles-as-the-moral-standard</ref>
*[[Nontheistic Thailand and child prostitution]]
*[[Moral failures of the atheist Atheist populationand immorality]]
=== American views on atheists: Results of University of Minnesota study ===
The study compared a previous 2003 study with the new study, originally conducted in 2014, and found that Americans have only sharpened their dislike for atheists and religious nones.<ref>[http://www.patheos.com/blogs/danthropology/2016/09/study-atheists-remain-the-most-disliked-religious-minority-in-the-u-s/ Study: Atheists remain the most disliked religious minority in the U.S.]</ref>}}
According the American atheist author Kevin Davis, atheism has an "unshakeable stigma".<ref>[http://www.peacock-panache.com/2016/11/lifetree-meeting-atheism-26370.html An Atheist Walks into a Christian Meeting about Atheism] by Kevin Davis</ref> See also
=== Sociology of "atheism is un-American" view ===
The 2013 Freedom of Thought report published the International [[Secular humanism|Humanist]] and Ethical Union indicates: "...the U.S. has long been home to a social and political atmosphere in which atheists and the non-religious are made to feel like lesser Americans or non-Americans."<ref>[http://freethoughtreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/FOTReport2013.pdf 2013 Freedom of Thought] by International Humanist and Ethical Union</ref>
The [[Sociologist|sociologist]] Phil Zuckerman, who is an atheist, wrote in his ''Psychology Today'' article ''Why Americans Hate Atheists'':
{{Cquote|'''1.''' Americans equate a lack of religiosity in general – or atheism specifically – with immorality.
'''3.''' There is no stigma concerning the expressed dislike of the non-religious. While there is a stigma (to varying degrees, depending on one’s social milieu) attached to being racist, or anti-Semitic, or [[Islamophobia|Islamophobic]]... – there has never existed a social or cultural backlash against people who openly express disdain for secular folks. So people simply feel much more comfortable expressing their dislike for atheists than, say, Latinas/os or women.<ref>[https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-secular-life/201406/why-americans-hate-atheists Why Americans Hate Atheists] by Phil Zuckerman</ref>}}
== 2011 poll: Americans and Canadians distrust atheists as much as rapists ==
''See also:'' [[Distrust of atheists]] and [[Atheism and rape]] and [[Atheism and social outcasts]]
[[File:Women.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Studies and web traffic data appear to indicate that women in the Western World tend to be more religious than men.<ref>Multiple references:
*Kosmin, Barry A., et al. (2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110904110346/http://www.americanreligionsurvey-aris.org/reports/NONES_08.pdf "American nones: Profile of the no religion population"]. American Religion Survey website [Trinity College, Hartford, CT]. Retrieved from Internet Archive.
*Britt, Robert Roy (February 28, 2009). [http://www.livescience.com/7689-women-religious-men.html "Women more religious than men"]. Live Science website.</ref> See: [[Atheism and women]] ]]
On December 10, 2011, ''USA Today'' reported in a story entitled ''Study: Atheists distrusted as much as rapists'':
{{cquote|The study, conducted among 350 Americans adults and 420 Canadian college students, asked participants to decide if a fictional driver damaged a parked car and left the scene, then found a wallet and took the money, was the driver more likely to be a teacher, an atheist teacher, or a rapist teacher?
The participants, who were from religious and nonreligious backgrounds, most often chose the atheist teacher.
The study is part of an attempt to understand what needs religion fulfills in people. Among the conclusions is a sense of trust in others.
"People find atheists very suspect," Shariff said. "They don't fear God so we should distrust them; they do not have the same moral obligations of others. This is a common refrain against atheists. People fear them as a group."<ref name="USATodayviewsonatheists"/>}}
See also:
*[[Irreligion and domestic violence]]
*[[Atheism and rape]]
=== 2015 poll: Canadians' view of atheists ===
''See also:'' [[Distrust of atheists]]
A 2015 poll of 3,041 Canadians conducted by Angus Reid Institute and Dr. Reginald Bibby of the University of Lethbridge found that 27% of Canadians had an unfavorable view of atheists while 27% of Canadians had an favorable view of atheists (the remainder were neutral).<ref>[http://nationalpost.com/news/religion/a-god-thats-complicated-canadians-hanging-on-to-personal-faith-as-organized-religion-declines-poll A God? That's complicated. Canadians hanging on to personal faith as organized religion declines: poll] , ''National Post'', 2015</ref>
== Atheism is significantly less appealing to women ==
...Craig Keener, in his huge review of claims of miracles in a wide variety of cultures, concludes that routine rejection of the possibility of the [[supernatural]] represents an impulse that is [[Secular Europe|deeply Eurocentric]].<ref>[http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-03-27/the-atheism-gap The Atheism Gap] By Stephen L. Carter, ''BloombergView'', Mar 27, 2015 4:26 PM EDT</ref>}}
In the United States, blacks have the highest rate of religiosity.<ref>[httphttps://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/gallup-blacks-most-religious-group-us Gallup: Blacks Most Religious Group in U.S.]</ref> Among Hispanics, religion has traditionally played a significant role in daily activity.<ref>[http://www.diocesephoenix.org/old_site/fc/CatecheticalLeadership/ChurchDocs/UnderstandingtheHispanicCulture.pdf Understanding Hispanic culture]</ref>
{{See also|Western atheism and race#Token efforts to extend racial minorities leadership positions in atheist organizations|l1=Token efforts to extend racial minorities leadership positions in atheist organizations}}
Pew Forum reported about various religious groups in America and their views on atheists:
{{Cquote|We asked Americans to rate eight religious groups on a “feeling thermometer” from 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating warmer, more positive feelings and lower numbers indicating colder, more negative feelings. On average, [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholics]] give atheists a rating of 38, and [[Protestantism|Protestants]] give them a frosty 32 – lower than either group’s ratings for Buddhists, Hindus, Jews, Mormons or Muslims. White [[Evangelical Christians|evangelical Protestants]] express particularly cold feelings toward atheists, with an average thermometer reading of 25.<ref>[httphttps://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/07/16/u-s-evangelical-christians-are-chilly-toward-atheists-and-the-feeling-is-mutual/ U.S. evangelical Christians are chilly toward atheists – and the feeling is mutual]</ref>}}
== Hate crimes in the United States against atheists/agnostics are very low in number ==
''See also:'' [[Persecution of atheists]]
According to a 2007 Pew Forum survey, about 4% of Americans are atheists/[[agnosticism|agnostics]].<ref>[http://religions.pewforum.org/reports Pew Forum Religious Landscape Survey - Key findings]</ref> A 2008 [[Gallup poll]] showed that 6% of the U.S. population believed that no god or universal spirit exists.<ref>{{cite web|url=httphttps://www.gallup.com/poll/109108/belief-god-far-lower-western-us.aspx |title=Belief in God Far Lower in Western U.S |publisher=Gallup.com |accessdate=2012-02-05}}</ref>
According to 2013 [[FBI]] statistics, 6/10 of a percent of [[hate crime]]s were against atheists/agnostics.<ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/hate-crime/2013/topic-pages/victims/victims_final 2013 FBI hate crime statistics]</ref><ref>[httphttps://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/04/06/atheism-the-next-civil-rights-movement.html Atheism: The Next Civil Rights movement], Vlad Chituc, ''The Daily Beast'', 4-6-2015</ref>
== Atheism and public relations efforts ==
''See also:'' [[Atheism and public relations]]
[[File:Richard Dawkins Cooper Union Shankbone.jpg|alt=Richard Dawkins|thumbnail|200px|left|Although the [[New Atheism|New Atheist]] [[Richard Dawkins]] was always known for [[Abrasiveness of Richard Dawkins|his abrasiveness]] and [[Atheism and arrogance|arrogance]], post [[Elevatorgate]] and subsequent to his various embarrassing Twitter posts, many atheists are now asking if he is a liability for the [[atheist movement]].<ref>
*[httphttps://www.washingtonpost.com/national/religion/richard-dawkins-atheisms-asset-or-liability/2014/08/07/9f19a7a2-1e58-11e4-9b6c-12e30cbe86a3_story.html Richard Dawkins: Atheism’s asset or liability?] by Kimberly Winston, ''Washington Post'', source: ''Religion News Service'', August 7, 2014
*[http://www.newrepublic.com/article/119596/appetite-wonder-review-closed-mind-richard-dawkins ''The Closed Mind of Richard Dawkins''], New Republic by John Gray
*[https://twitter.com/jennifurret/status/405391218273554433 Jennifer McCreight on the Twitter about the Elevatorgate scandal]
*[httphttps://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/downs-syndrome-girl-passes-six-4095031 Down's Syndrome girl passes six GCSEs as dad calls Richard Dawkins 'an ignorant idiot'], Mirror by By Grace Macaskill, Aug 23, 2014 15:41
*[http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/08/21/the-12-stages-of-a-richard-dawkins-twitter-scandal_n_5698443.html The 12-Stage 'Evolution' Of A Richard Dawkins Twitter Scandal] by Paul Vale, The Huffington Post UK, Posted: 22/08/2014 02:06 BST</ref> ]]
The biggest challenge facing [[atheism|atheist]] public relations efforts is that most theists do not think about atheism and would prefer not to as they it is an [[Atheism and irrationality|unreasonable]], [[Atheism and arrogance|arrogant]] and [[Unattractiveness of atheism|unattractive worldview]]. As a result, many atheist campaigns, particularly one's by [[militant atheism|militant atheists]], are designed to be provocative which has the effect of further lowering the public's view of atheism/atheists (see: [[Atheism and public relations]]).
In areas of the [[Western World]] where theists are in the majority, atheists on the [[Secular left|left end of the political spectrum]], using the strategy of [[identity politics]], have made various attempts to portray atheists as an oppressed minority, but this has not much lessoned the low opinion and/or antipathy many theists hold towards atheists for multiple reasons.<ref>[httphttps://www.latimes.com/opinion/la-oew-thornton18apr18-story.html Disliked, not oppressed] By Paul Thornton, ''LA Times'', April 7, 2007</ref>
For example, the atheist population in the United States is skewed towards white, atheist men in both adherents and positions of influence within the atheist community (see: [[Western atheism and race]] and [[Atheism and women]]). So it is difficult for atheists to portray themselves as an oppressed minority.
Furthermore, atheists have earned a reputation for arrogance and quarrelsomeness (see: [[Atheism and arrogance]] and [[Atheism and social/interpersonal intelligence|Atheism and social intelligence]] and [[Atheist factions]]).
In addition, atheism is seen as symptom of moral decay and atheists have often promoted and engaged in immorality (see: [[Atheism and morality]] and [[Moral failures of the atheist communityAtheist population and immorality]]).
Another problem the atheist community faces in terms of its public perception is its intellectual cowardice that first became noticeable within the [[Western World]] since the 1980s and has continued to the present (see: [[Atheism and cowardice]]).
=== Liberal media - apostles of atheism ===
The Media Research Center released a study in 2008 reporting pro-atheism bias by major press outlets in the [[United States]].<ref>[httphttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fTxORumTarg "Smoking gun proof that there is an atheist media bias"] (July 17, 2008). YouTube video, 2:56, posted by Atheism Sucks! Retrieved on July 25, 2014.</ref> The study is not surprising given the [[Liberal bias|liberal bias that commonly exists in the major media outlets]].
== Atheophobia ==
== Study shows that thinking about atheism increases Americans thoughts about death ==
[[File:Atheism and death.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|According to a study performed in the United States by researchers Wink and Scott, very religious people fear death the least.<ref>[http://www.world-science.net/exclusives/050628_deathfearfrm.htm Fear of death: worst if you’re a little religious?], World of Science]
*J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2005, Jul;60(4):P207-14. [httphttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15980288 Does religiousness buffer against the fear of death and dying in late adulthood? Findings from a longitudinal study]. Wink P1, Scott J.</ref> See: [[Atheism and death]] ]]
''See also:'' [[Atheism and death]]
''Discover'' magazine wrote about Cook's study:
{{cquote|These death thoughts help trigger a subconscious dislike of atheists, said study leader Corey Cook, a social psychologist at the University of Washington, Tacoma. Not only do thoughts of death put people in a negative frame of mind, Cook told Live Science, but they also prompt people to hold more tightly onto their own values.<ref>[http://news.discovery.com/human/psychology/atheists-inspire-thoughts-of-death-in-many-americans-150523.htm Atheists Inspire Thoughts of Death in Many Americans] by Stephanie Pappas, LiveScience, ''Discover'' magazine, May 23, 2015 09:25 AM ET</ref>}}
== Nordic Psychology journal article on public's perception of atheists ==
The abstract for the 2016 journal article entitled ''Atheism and how it is perceived: Manipulation of, bias against and ways to reduce the bias'' which was published in the journal ''Nordic Psychology'' indicates: "...atheists are distrusted, elicit disgust and are viewed as immoral both explicitly and implicitly".<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290472191_Atheism_and_how_it_is_perceived_Manipulation_of_bias_against_and_ways_to_reduce_the_bias Atheism and how it is perceived: Manipulation of, bias against and ways to reduce the bias] by Gerhard Andersson, ''Nordic Psychology'' 68(3):1-10 · January 2016,
DOI: 10.1080/19012276.2015.1125304</ref>
== Militant atheists and the War on Christmas ==
{{cquote|It's that time of year again. 'T'is the season to be jolly -- or, if you're an atheist activist, to throw a wet blanket over the holidays.
In California, long the birthplace of national trends, they succeeded in getting a federal judge to ban not only Nativity scenes, but also secular displays from Santa Monica's Palisades Park. Un-decking the public halls and squares is becoming our new national tradition, because equal-opportunity speech isn't good enough for self-righteous atheists. They won't rest until all remnants of our Judeo-Christian heritage are wiped clean from civic life in their quest for secular purity.<ref>[httphttps://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2012/12/self-righteous_atheists_are_misguided_killjoys.html Self-Righteous Atheists Are Misguided Killjoys] by Robert Small, A''mnerican Thinker''</ref>}}
== Christian patience, forgiveness and long-suffering towards atheists ==
''See also:'' [[Christian patience, forgiveness and long-suffering towards atheists]]
Although it is not reported in the press often, due the press preferring to focus on controversy and conflict, as it garners more viewership/readers, many Christians quietly pray for atheists/[[agnosticism|agnostics]] - even those of the [[militant atheism|militant variety]] such as [[Richard Dawkins]].<ref>[httphttps://creation.com/dawkins-upset Richard Dawkins upset that public doesn’t like him] by Warren Nunn, Published by [[Creation Ministries International]] 13 May 2014 (GMT+10)</ref> The late atheist [[Christopher Hitchens]] had many Christians praying for him before he passed away and they were saddened when he died.<ref>[http://www.christianpost.com/news/christians-grieve-death-of-christopher-hitchens-share-hopes-for-deathbed-conversion-65035/ Christians Grieve Death of Christopher Hitchens; Share Hopes for Deathbed Conversion] by Eryn Sun, ''Christian Post'' Reporter, December 16, 2011</ref>
Richard Wurmbrand, who endured years of torture by an atheistic [[communism|communist]] government and wrote the wrote the book ''Tortured for Christ'', indicated that he had a compassion even for those who tortured him by "looking at men .. not as they are, but as they will be ... I could also see in our persecutors ... a future [[Saint Paul|Apostle Paul]] ... (and) the jailer in Philippi who became a convert."<ref>[[DC Talk|dc Talk]] and The Voice of the Martyrs. ''Jesus Freaks: Stories of those who stood for Jesus: the ultimate Jesus Freaks.'' Bethany House Publishers, 1999, p. 67</ref>
==See also==
*[[Moral failures Atheists and unreasonableness]]*[[Stigma of the atheist populationatheism]]*[[Atheist stereotypes]]
*[[Atheism statistics]]
*[[Atheist Population]]
*[[We Are Atheism]]
*[[Desecularization and social conformity]]
== External links ==
*[http://www.worldreligionnews.com/religion-news/atheism/atheists-remain-most-disliked-religious-minority-in-the-u-s Americans still have negative opinions of atheists]
*[http://www.pewforum.org/2014/07/16/how-americans-feel-about-religious-groups/ How Americans Feel About Religious Groups], Pew Forum
*[http://sf.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/08/17/sf.sow063.abstract Atheists and Other Cultural Outsiders: Moral Boundaries and the Non-Religious in the United States]
*[http://theconversation.com/how-distrust-of-unbelievers-runs-deep-in-american-history-71776 How distrust of unbelievers runs deep in American history]