[[Image:{{Officeholder|name=Stephen Breyer|image=Sryer.jpg|rightparty=|spouse=Joanna Freda Hare|religion=Jewish|offices= {{Officeholder/Supreme Court Justice |role=Associate |nominator=[[Bill Clinton]]The Honorable |terms=August 3, 1994-present |preceded=[[Harry A. Blackmun]] |former=n |succeeded= }}}}'''Stephen Breyer ''' (born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the [[U.S. Supreme Court]], and is one of the most consistent liberal votes on the court. Breyer earned undergraduate degrees from [[Stanford University]] and Magdalen College, [[Oxford]], and received his LL.B. from [[Harvard]] Law School. In 1964 he served as a [[law clerk]] to Supreme Court Justice [[Arthur Goldberg]]. Following his clerkship, Breyer held several government posts, including Special Assistant to the Assistant U.S. Attorney General for Antitrust, Assistant Special Prosecutor for the [[Watergate]] Special Prosecution Force, and Special Counsel and Chief Counsel to the [[U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee]]. Breyer is credited with playing a key role in obtaining deregulation of the airline industry in the late 1970s. Breyer was a member of the faculty of Harvard Law School from 1967 to 1994 and the Harvard University [[Kennedy School of Government]] from 1977 to 1980.
Justice Breyer served as Judge on the First Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals from 1980 to 1990, and as Chief Judge of the First Circuit, 1990-1994. He was nominated to the Supreme Court by [[President Clinton]], and joined the court August 3, 1994.<ref>[http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/biographiescurrent.pdf]</ref>
Justice Breyer also served on the United States Sentencing Commission between 1985 and 1989, where he helped develop the federal [[Sentencing Guidelines]] to impose uniformity on sentencing in all federal criminal cases. He was nominated to the Supreme Court by [[President Clinton]], and joined the court August 3, 1994.<ref>http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/biographiescurrent.pdf</ref> == Judicial Philosophy == On issues of religion, Justice Breyer is the least [[liberal]] of the four-Justice [[liberal]] voting bloc on the Court, which also includes Justices [[John Paul Stevens]], [[David Souter]] and [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]], and former Justice [[Sandra Day O'Connor]]. Justice Breyer broke with that voting bloc to provide the pivotal fifth vote to allow the [[Texas]] government to maintain a monument to the [[Ten Commandments]] on its capitol grounds in [[Van Orden v. Perry]]. But on the issue of [[stare decisis]], Justice Breyer is leading the defense against [[liberal]] precedents vulnerable to being overturned by the [[Roberts Court]]. The most prominent target among the precedents is [[Roe v. Wade]], but many other lesser-known precedents were quickly overturned in the 2006-2007 sitting of the [[Roberts Court]]. This led Justice Breyer to declare on the last day of the term, perhaps in exasperation, "What has happened to stare decisis?"<ref>''[[Parents Involved in Cmty. Schs. v. Seattle Sch. Dist. No. 1]]'' (2007) (Breyer, J., dissenting)</ref> Justice Breyer dissented, on the grounds of [[stare decisis]], from 2007 decisions in: *''[[Leegin Creative Leather Prods. v. PSKS, Inc.]]''*''[[Parents Involved in Cmty. Schs. v. Seattle Sch. Dist. No. 1]]''*''[[Morse v. Frederick]]''*''[[FEC v. Wis. Right to Life, Inc.]]'' (joining Justice Souter's dissent) According to Senator [[Arlen Specter]], he had a chance encounter with Justice Breyer at a summer meeting after the end of the 2006-2007 term, and Specter publicly stated that Justice Breyer told him there were "eight" decisions in which the [[Roberts Court]] had overruled precedent.<ref>[http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0707/5099.html Specter to probe Supreme Court decisions], [[Politico]]</ref> Specter then publicly said he was going to review the testimony provided by nominees Chief Justice [[John Roberts]] and Justice [[Sam Alito]] to the Senate Judiciary Committee to see if they were abiding by it. On the issue of continued advisory use of the controversial [[Sentencing Guidelines]], Justice Breyer voted for preserving rather than invalidating them. ===Second Amendment===Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer has alleged that the [[Founding Fathers]] never intended for guns to go unregulated. Breyer believes that the [[Second Amendment]] allows for restrictions on the individual, including an all-out ban on handguns in the nation's capital.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2010/12/12/breyer-founding-fathers-allowed-restrictions-guns/ Breyer: Founding Fathers Would Have Allowed Restrictions on Guns], [[Fox News|FoxNews.com]], Published December 12, 2010.</ref> == References ==<references/> {{Supreme Court|rehnquist=y|roberts=y}}{{DEFAULTSORT: Breyer, Stephen}}[[category:United States Supreme Court Justices]][[Category:Judicial activism]][[Category:American Jews]][[Category:Homosexual Agenda]][[Category:Jewish People]][[Category:Liberals]][[Category:US JudgesAnti Second Amendment]]