*[http://www.investopedia.com/articles/optioninvestor/03/091003.asp Determining market direction with VIX]
== Developing countries, middle-income countries, high-income countries and the middle -income trap ==
=== Developing country ===
According to Britannica.com a developing country is:
{{Cquote|a country which, relative to other countries, has a lower average standard of living.
There is no consensus on what defines a country as “developing” versus “developed,” but a variety of metrics have been applied to sort countries into these categories. In addition to having smaller economies, generally speaking developing countries have more corrupt and less functional governments, lower literacy rates and life expectancies, and weaker human rights protections than developed countries. In the past decades, widespread and growing criticism of the “developed vs. developing” terminology has led to its being phased out of many relevant publications and scholarly works. Common alternatives include grouping countries by region or using terms such as the “Global North” and the “Global South.”
There is no consensus on what defines a country as “developing” versus “developed,” but a variety of metrics have been applied to sort countries into these categories. In addition to having smaller economies, generally speaking developing countries have more corrupt and less functional governments, lower literacy rates and life expectancies, and weaker human rights protections than developed countries. In the past decades, widespread and growing criticism of the “developed vs. developing” terminology has led to its being phased out of many relevant publications and scholarly works. Common alternatives include grouping countries by region or using terms such as the “Global North” and the “Global South.”<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/money/developing-country Developing country], Britannica</ref>}}
=== Middle-income country ===
According to Investopedia, middle-income countries are defined as: "According to the [[World Bank]], middle-income countries (MICs) are defined as economies with a gross national income (GNI) per capita between $1,136 and $13,845 as of 2024. MICs consist of lower-middle-income countries and upper-middle-income countries, both of which are part of the income categories that the World Bank uses to classify economies for operational and analytical purposes."<ref>[https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/middle-income-countries.asp Middle-Income Countries (MICs): Characteristics and Significance], Investopedia</ref>
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