All this was of no use when the days of disturbances came.
Shavuot Riots 1941 (June 1-2, 1941)
Self-government in Iraq has never been stable. Between the years 1932-1950 it was ruled by three kings, 31 governments (compared to 14 in the years of the British mandate in 1921-1932); 9 houses of parliament (compared to 3 during the mandate period), of which only two (the one elected in 1939 and the last one) completed During their four years in office, there were also six coups, starting with the Bakr Sidki coup until the coup of 1941. The Second World War broke out on September 3, 1939, when the government in Iraq was in the hands of Nuri al-Said, known as pro-British.
The British army that organized in the Land of Israel an invasion force for Iraq arrived in Baghdad only after a few weeks.
This slowness was in the minds and souls of the Jews.
Immediately after the rise of Rashid Ali, the Iraqi Jews realized that their fate was sealed.
[[Yunis al-Sabawi|Yunis A. Sabawi]] invited the head of the Jewish community in Baghdad to him and demanded that he tell the Jews not to leave their homes for the three days: Saturday, Sunday and Monday, which are the two days of Shavuot. That morning, Yunis sent a call to the masses through the broadcasting service, to carry out a massacre of the Jews; However, this call was delayed by the head of the security committee, who was able to ban Yunis A. Sabaowi and transport him across the border.
On Sunday 6 Sivan, the curfew arrived at the Baghdad airport (about two kilometers from the city).
The wild massacre began on Shavuot, Sunday and Monday, 6-7 in Sivan 5701 (June 1-2, 1941).
On the first day before noon, the Jewish dignitaries went together with the other "dignitaries" to welcome the curfew. The uplifted mood of the Jews was not pleasant for the soldiers and civilian policemen; And on their return, together with the Muslim mob, they attacked the Jews in the main streets and massacred them.
'''Arab club''' in Nazi Germany
The "Palestinian" Darwish al-Miqdadi served as its president in 1938.<ref>Nordbruch, Götz. Nazism in Syria and Lebanon: The Ambivalence of the German Option, 1933–1945. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2009, [https://books.google.com/books?id=q6R8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 p. 157ff42].<blockquote><small>
Miqdādī also served as president of the Arab Club in Berlin, see Sh. Arslān, 'Une Soirée au Club Arabe de Berlin', La Nation Arabe, no. 18–19, 1938, p. 1005. For Miqdādī, of Palestinian origin...</small></blockquote></ref>
After the June 1937 proposal of the British Peel-Commission to divide the Mandate of Palestine into a smaller Jewish and a larger Muslim-Arab state. Nazi Germany intervened that rhe "formation of a Jewish state ... is not in Germany's interest," as it will create "additional power base under international law for international Jewry. There is therefore a German interest in strengthening Arabism as a counterweight to any such increase in power of Jewry."
<i>
Strengthening the Arabs against the Jews: Berlin initially pursued the new course quietly so as not to alienate London, but the extent of the activities now set in motion was impressive. Students from Arab countries received German scholarships, companies hired Arab trainees, Arab party leaders were invited to Nuremberg party conferences and army leaders to Wehrmacht maneuvers.
In Berlin, an "Arab Club" was established as the center of Palestine-agitation and Arabic-language radio.</i><ref>Küntzel, Matthias. Islamischer Antisemitismus und deutsche Politik: "Heimliches Einverständnis"?. Germany: Lit, 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=yxk_AQAAIAAJ&q=%22f%C3%BCr%20Volksaufkl%C3%A4rung%20und%20Propa-%20ganda%20intensivierte%20das%22 p. 79].
<blockquote><small>
It was not until June 1937 that Berlin revised this course. The trigger was the proposal of the British Peel-Commission to divide the Mandate of Palestine into a smaller Jewish and a larger Muslim-Arab state. The "formation of a Jewish state ... is not in Germany's interest," countered the Reich Minister of Foreign Affairs, Konstantin von Neurath, as this would create an "additional power base under international law for international Jewry. There is therefore a German interest in strengthening Arabism as a counterweight to any such increase in power of Jewry."
Strengthening the Arabs against the Jews: Berlin initially pursued the new course quietly so as not to alienate London, but the extent of the activities now set in motion was impressive. Students from Arab countries received German scholarships, companies hired Arab trainees, Arab party leaders were invited to Nuremberg party conferences and army leaders to Wehrmacht maneuvers.
In Berlin, an "Arab Club" was established as the center of Palestine-agitation and Arabic-language radio.
Under the leadership of the Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda, the German News Bureau (DNB), whose regional headquarters in Jerusalem had already established an Arab service in 1936, intensified its intelligence activities. Dr. Franz Reichert, DNB director in Jerusalem, who not only had excellent relations with the Mufti but also with the Arab press, bribed journalists and dissident newspapers with well-financed advertising orders to get on track.</small></blockquote></ref>
<i>A Berlin club was used as Arab headquarters. Ostensibly the club was merely a cultural society for the benefit of Arab students in Germany, but, as the Daily Telegraph revealed, the printed notepaper used by this club bears the inscription in Arabic and German: "Permanent Defence Committee for Palestine and Europe, Berlin Headquarters."</i><ref>Warburg, Gustav Otto. Six Years of Hitler: The Jews Under the Nazi Regime. Germany: G.Allen & Unwin, 1939, [https://books.google.com/books?id=HJygAAAAMAAJ&q=Arab p. 279]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XrDHBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT208].
<blockquote><small>
The disturbances in Palestine, too, were exploited by Nazi propagandists, not only with the object of creating difficulties for Great Britain, but also to stir up anti- Jewish feeling in all the Arab countries . A suspiciously large number of Nazi leaders took their holidays in Arab countries. The German Press was full of articles expressing sympathy with the Arab cause and fiercely attacking both the British and the Jews. The Nazi short-wave broadcasts adopted the same attitude. A Berlin club was used as Arab headquarters. Ostensibly the club was merely a cultural society for the benefit of Arab students in Germany, but, as the Daily Telegraph revealed, the printed notepaper used by this club bears the inscription in Arabic and German: "Permanent Defence Committee for Palestine and Europe, Berlin Headquarters." A hundred Arabs, their fares paid by the Nazis, attended the Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg in 1938.</small></blockquote></ref>
Mahmud HusniI El Arabi -- Egyptian Communist, and who lived and worked in Germany for seven years in the 1930s and was a pro-Nazi sympathiser and agitator in Egypt in the early 1940s --<ref>[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11377557 Mahmud HUSNI EL ARABI, aliases Mahmoud HUSSENI EL ORABI; Mahmoud HUSNI EL ORABI; Mahmoud... | The National Archives].
<blockquote><small>
Mahmud HUSNI EL ARABI, aliases Mahmoud HUSSENI EL ORABI; Mahmoud HUSNI EL ORABI; Mahmoud HOSNY EL ARABI; Mr COHEN: Egyptian. HUSNI was a prominent Egyptian Communist in the 1920s and 1930s. He had close Soviet links and claimed to have been paid by the Comintern. He lived and worked in Germany for seven years in the 1930s and was a pro-Nazi sympathiser and agitator in Egypt in the early 1940s.</small></blockquote></ref> was active there as well <ref>Höpp, Gerhard. Texte aus der Fremde. Germany: De Gruyter, 2021., [https://books.google.com/books?id=2LBIEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA89 p. 89].</ref>
In Oct 1938, it promoted and acted as a pan-Arab organisation, with members spread throughout Europe and the Near East, 'assisting the Arabs in Palestine and endeavouring to obtain European support for for a project for an All-Arab State embracing Palestine, Iraq and Syria.'<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6M4-AAAAIBAJ&pg=PA3 The Indian Express, Oct 30, 1938, p. 5].
<blockquote><small>
A Pan-Arab State Promoted From Berlin!
Elaborate Organisation
To Support Palestine Arabs.
A Journalist's Story. — LONDON, Oct. 29.
The "Daily Telegraph" Berlin correspondent gives details of what he describes as an elaborate pan-Arab organisation, with members spread throughout Europe and the Near East, which he says is assisting the Arabs in Palestine and endeavouring to obtain European support for a project for an All-Arab State embracing Palestine, Iraq and Syria.
The correspondent says that the European headquarters of the organisation are in Berlin and financial support, it is believed, is supplied by a wealthy Syrian resident of Berlin.
The operations are conducted under the cover of the Arab Club, which is ostensibly a cultural society for the benefits Arab students in Germany.
The correspondent adds that under the auspices of the so-called Defence Committee for Palestine, all Arabs in Europe are mobilising with a view to collecting funds in aid of the Arab cause and to obtain support from European sources. Money supplies and arms are being sent from Europe, the Near East and Middle East to Palestine.
—Reuter.</small></blockquote></ref>