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Colin Powell

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[[Image:{{Officeholder|name=Colin Powell|image=Colin_Powell.jpg|rightparty=[[Republican]]|200pxspouse=Alma Vivian Johnson Powell|religion=[[Episcopalian]]|offices= {{Officeholder/secretary (cabinet) |of=State |state=United States |number=65th |deputy=n |president=[[George W. Bush]] |terms=January 20, 2001-January 26, 2005 |preceded=[[Madeleine Albright]] |former=y |succeeded=[[Condoleezza Rice]] }}}}'''General Colin Luther Powell''', United States Army (Ret.) (born April 5, 1937) was the 65th [[United States]] [[Secretary of State]] (2001-052005) under President [[George W. Bush]] and is a [[liberal ]] member of the [[RepublicanParty]] Party. As a General in the [[United States Army]], Powell also served as [[National Security Advisor]] (1987–1989) , and as Chairman of the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]] (1989–1993). He he became the highest ranking African American government official in the history of the United States.
==Military career==
At the age of 49, Powell became President [[Ronald Reagan]]'s National Security Advisor, serving from 1987 to 1989. He retained his Army commission (he was a Lieutenant General at the time of his nomination) while serving as National Security Advisor. After his tenure, Powell was promoted to 4-star General under President [[George H.W. Bush]].
From 1989 to 1993, General Powell served as chairman of the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]], the highest [[military]] position in the Department of Defense. During this time, he oversaw 28 crises, including the invasion of [[Panama]] in 1989 to remove General [[Manuel Noriega]] from power in 1989 and Operation Desert Storm in the 1991 [[Persian Gulf War]]. During these events, Powell earned his nickname, "the reluctant warrior". After the end of Persian Gulf War, Colin Powell outlined his vision for efficient and decisive military action. His plan is now referred to as the [[Powell Doctrine]]. the The Doctrine expresses that military action should be used only as a last resort and only if there is a clear risk to national security by the intended target; the force, when used, should be overwhelming and disproportionate to the force used by the enemy; there must be strong support for the campaign by the general public; and there must be a clear exit strategy from the conflict in which the military is engaged.
[[Image:20010912-4-1.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Secretary of State Colin Powell, [[Vice President of the United States of America|Vice President]] [[Dick Cheney]] and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Hugh Shelton, President George W. Bush talks with the press about the previous day's terrorist attacks during a cabinet meeting Sept. 12, 2001. White House photo by Tina Hager. ]] Later as Secretary of State in the Bush [[administration]], Powell was tremendously popular among the American people. After the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], Powell's job became of critical importance in managing America's relationships with foreign countries in order to secure a stable coalition in the [[War on Terrorism]]. He spoke out Powell is best known in favor of the international community for testifying to the [[United Nations]] in 2003 Invasion about the specifics of Iraq's weapons of mass destruction program and for failing to generate international support for United States' [[Iraqforeign policy]] in George W. Bush's first term.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/03/17/1047749726236.html Failure of US diplomacy may claim Powell's scalp</ref> After Powell left the [[National Security Council]], saying that there was "no doubt the fortunes for the United States markedly improved in my mind" that Saddam diplomacy (with countries like [[France]]<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/25/AR2007062501691.html?hpid=sec-world Washington Post - Rice Breaks Ice With France's New Leaders]</ref>) and in the [[Iraq War]] after the [[troop surge]] was working to obtain key components to produce nuclear weaponsimplemented in George W. Bush's second term. In 2008, he endorsed [[Barack Obama]], who had opposed the surge in 2007.
==Political views==
Colin Powell is a [[liberal]] or moderate Republican who is [[pro-choice]] regarding [[abortion]], supports [[affirmative action ]] and "reasonable" [[gun control]]. Although Powell is was against [[gay]] marriageat the time (now he's supportvie of it<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0512/76687.html</ref>), he supports and helped craft the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy in the United States military, along with [[Bill Clinton]]. He has also been critical of the current policy in Iraq. In 2005, Powell telephoned two Senator's, [[Lincoln Chafee]] of [[Rhode Island]] and [[Chuck Hagel]] of [[Nebraska]] (also liberal Republicans) asking them to oppose the nomination of John R. Bolton as ambassador to the [[United Nations]]. In September 2005, Powell criticized the government's response to [[Hurricane Katrina]]. He also opposed [[Guantanamo Bay]] and stripping [[Geneva Convention]] protections from captured terrorists. Powell was mentioned as a potential running mate for [[John McCain]]<ref>http://www.aarpmagazine.org/people/colin_powell.html</ref>, but said he was no longer interested in elective elected office.  Powell has expressed support for homosexuals serving in the military,<ref>http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/02/03/powell-favors-repeal-of-dont-ask-dont-tell/?_r=0</ref> and for phony same-sex unions as well.<ref>http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/OTUS/colin-powell-expresses-support-gay-marriage/story?id=16416112.</ref>
==Obama endorsement==
On 19 October 2008, Powell endorsed Barack Obama for President. Powell said that Obama was a "transformational figure coming into the world stage" <ref>http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/10/19/colin-powell-endorses-obama/</ref> and expressed disappointment in what he called the "negative tone" of McCain's campaign, as well as in McCain's choice of [[Sarah Palin]] as the Republican vice presidential nominee <ref>http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/oct/19/colin-powell-endorses-barack-obama-for-presiden-1/</ref> saying that she lacked experience even as he was supporting a candidate with one year of experience in the Senate before running for President. Powell went on to criticize other Republicans for what he claims is insistence on their part that Obama is a Muslim stating, "I'm also troubled by, not what Senator McCain says, but what members of the Republican Party say... such things as 'Well, you know that Mr. Obama is a Muslim'. Well the correct answer is, 'He's not a Muslim, he's a Christian, he's always been a Christian'. But the really right answer is, 'What if he is?' Is there something wrong with being a Muslim in this country? The answer is 'No', that's not America."<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7678788.stm</ref> Powell did not give examples of anyone within the Republican Party who had called Obama Muslim, instead choosing to make a general claim. A month ago prior, Powell had said that the thought of an African American President was 'electrifying'. In his speech backing Obama, he also said he did not want to see the appointment of Conservative [[Supreme Court]] Justices.<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27265369/</ref> According to both Along with Palin, he's also been critical of other influential people in the Republican Party, such as radio host [[Rush Limbaugh]] and , who he claims engages in an "ugly" kind of politics, commentator [[Juan WilliamsAnn Coulter]], PowellCongresswoman [[Michele Bachmann]], who's endorsement of statement that Obama was mainly might hold anti-American views influenced by his decision to endorse the fact that Obama is black, however others argue that these ideas are simply applying a racial stereotype that says that black people will stick together.<ref>[http://voices.kansascity.com/node/2492[Illinois]</ref> After endorsing ] Senator, those who doubt the authenticity of Obama's birth certificate, he was offered a position in a hypothetical future Obama and various members of the Bush administration, in a possible case of including former Vice-President [[quid pro quoDick Cheney]].<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20081020/ts_alt_afp/usvoteobamapowell_081020141241</ref> In a Meet The Press interview and former Defense Secretary [[Donald Rumsfeld]], whose conflicts with Tom Brokawhim, however, Powell denied any interest in a potential position in an Obama administration saying "I served 40 years in government, and I--Iit'm not looking forward to a position or an assignment...I am in no way interested in returning to government."<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27266223/page/3/</ref> Although he did state that he would "... sit and talk to any president who wishes to talk to me..." he was nots believed, however, "...anxious caused him to rule it[a resign his position] in."<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27266223/page/3/</ref>
==Family and personal information==
Powell has been married to Alma Vivian Johnson since 1962. They have one child, a son, Michael (1963). The Powells are [[Episcopalians]]. One of Colin Powell's hobbies is restoring classic automobiles.<ref>http://www.4driversonly.com/50226711/colin_powell_drives_a_66_volvo.php</ref>. ==External links== [http://www.whitehouse.gov/government/powell-bio.html, WhiteHouse.gov biography]
== References ==
<references/>
 
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[[Category:Republican Party]]
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