Devolution
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Devolution is the granting of powers to a lower level of government, while preserving sovereignty to the granting level. Unlike the federal arrangements of countries such as the USA, devolution reserves supreme power to the national parliament.
Schemes of devolution (successful or not) in the United Kingdom:
Irish home rule (1886-1914);
the Government of Ireland Act, 1920;
the Scotland and Wales Acts, 1978;
The Belfast Agreement, also known as the ‘Good Friday’ Agreement for Northern Ireland, 1998
the Scotland Act and the Wales Act, 1998