Difference between revisions of "Iowa caucuses"

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The '''Iowa Caucus''' is the first major official contest in the nation for both [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] and [[Republican Party|Republican]] presidential candidates. It has served as an early indicator of primary candidates strength since its first took the national spotlight in 1972. [[Image:NH-Iowa.JPG|thumb|300px]]  The caucus is not a primary (in which people simply vote and leave) but a local meeting that takes several hours to select delegates to the next higher county meeting.[[File:Caucus1.jpg|thumb|260px]]
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#REDIRECT [[Pink Floyd]]
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==History==
 
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Although the Iowa Caucuses are more than a century old, they were not seen as a significant means of predicting the outcome of the Republican and Democratic nominations until the early 1970's. [[George McGovern]]'s success in winning the Democratic nomination in 1972, and later in 1976, [[Jimmy Carter]]'s winning the nomination after winning the Iowa Caucus gave credibility to the contest.
 
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Unlike the Democrats, the Republicans paid little attention to the Iowa caucus until 1976 when [[Gerald Ford]] narrowly beat [[Ronald Reagan]] in an informal [[straw poll]] held at the caucuses, leading to Reagan's loss in the presidential primary nomination. 
 
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The significance of the Iowa Caucus has varied. In 1992, [[Iowa]] Senator [[Tom Harkins]] ran for the Democratic presidential nomination. Because of Harkins's popularity in Iowa, none of the Democratic candidates chose to compete in the state. [[United States]] Senator [[John Kerry]] won the Democratic Iowa caucus and later the nomination for the party's presidential candidate. [[North Carolina]] Senator John Edwards came in a close second, and later joined the Kerry campaign as vice presidential candidate.
 
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==2008 Iowa Caucuses==
 
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[[Image:Iowa Results 2008.gif|thumb|right|300px|Politico.com]]
 
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The 2008 Iowa Caucuses were originally to be held on Monday, January 14, 2008.  But they were rescheduled to January 3, 2008.<ref>http://www.iowacaucus.org/iacaucus.html</ref>
 
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===Democrats===
 
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Current presidential primary contestants shows the three top tier candidates, [[New York]] senator [[Hillary Clinton]], [[North Carolina]] Senator [[John Edwards]] and [[Illinois]] Senator [[Barack Obama]] at a close race in Iowa polls. According to a [[ABC]]-[[Washington Post]] poll, Obama stands in first place with support of 27% of likely voters, Clinton and Edwards are tied at 26%<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/02/AR2007080202621.html?hpid=topnews</ref>.  In 2004, Edwards took second place at the Iowa and has since remained consistently popular among Democrats in the state. Former [[New Mexico]] Governor, [[Bill Richardson]], is the only other candidate to reach double digits with 11%<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/02/AR2007080202621.html?hpid=topnews</ref>.
 
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A [[NewsMax]]/Zogby Iowa Democratic poll in late August 2007, put [[Hillary Clinton|Clinton]] in first place, with 30 percent, among likely Iowa Democratic caucus-goers<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0807/5505.html</ref>.Edwards received 23 percent support, while Obama received 19 percent<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0807/5505.html</ref>..
 
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===Republicans===   
 
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The Republican Iowa Caucus has been closely tied with a non-official primary event, the [[Iowa Straw Poll]]. Former [[Massachusetts]] Governor, [[Mitt Romney]] had held a consistent lead, although the race remained very close to the end.
 
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{| class="wikitable"
 
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|-
 
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! Date
 
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! 1st
 
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! 2ed
 
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! 3ed
 
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! 4th
 
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! 5th
 
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|-
 
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| October 17th 2007<ref>http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/republican_iowa_caucus</ref>
 
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| Mitt Romney 26%
 
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| Fred Thompson 19%
 
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| Mike Huckabee 18%
 
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| Rudy Giuliani 13%
 
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| John McCain 6%
 
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|-
 
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| October 1-3<ref>http://desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=iowapoll07</ref>
 
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| Mitt Romney 29%
 
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| Fred Thompson 16%
 
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| Mike Huckabee 12%
 
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| Rudy Giuliani 11%
 
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| John McCain 7%
 
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|}
 
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==Winners==
 
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===Democrats===
 
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*'''2008'''<ref>http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/section?Category=caucus </ref>- [[Barack Obama]]  (38%) defeats [[John Edwards]] (30%), [[Hillary Rodham Clinton|Hillary Clinton]] (30%), [[Bill Richardson]]  (2%), [[Joe Biden]]  (0.9%),  [[Christopher Dodd|Chris Dodd]]  (0.02%)
 
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*'''2004'''<ref>http://miva.dmregister.com/miva/cgi-bin/miva?extras/iowapoll/poll.mv+file=prez0401 </ref>- [[John Kerry]]  (26%) defeats [[John Edwards]] (23%), [[Howard Dean]] (20%), [[Dick Gephardt]]  (18%), [[Dennis Kucinich ]]  (3%)
 
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*'''2000'''<ref> http://www.thegreenpapers.com/PCC/IA-D.html</ref>- [[Al Gore]] (63%) defeats [[Bill Bradley]] (35%) 
 
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*'''1996'''- [[Bill Clinton]] wins unopposed
 
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*'''1992''' - [[Tom Harkin]] (76%) defeats [[Paul Tsongas]] (4%), [[Bill Clinton]]* (3%), [[Bob Kerrey]] (2%) and [[Jerry Brown]] (2%)
 
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*'''1988''' - [[Dick Gephardt]] defeats (31%) [[Paul Simon]] (27%), [[Michael Dukakis]]* (22%) and [[Bruce Babbitt]] (6%)
 
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*'''1980'''- [[Jimmy Carter]] (59%) defeats [[Ted Kennedy]] (31%)
 
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*'''1976'''<ref>http://www.theiowacaucus.com/Iowa-caucus-history-results.php</ref> - "Uncommitted" (37%) [[Jimmy Carter]]* (28%) [[Birch Bayh]] (13%), [[Fred R. Harris]] (10%), [[Morris Udall]] (6%), [[Sargent Shriver]] (3%) and [[Henry Jackson]] (1%)
 
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*'''1972''' - [[Edmund Muskie]] (36%) [[George McGovern]] (23%), [[Hubert Humphrey*]] (2%), [[Eugene McCarthy]] (1%), [[Shirley Chisholm]] (1%) and [[Henry Jackson]] (1%)
 
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===Republicans===
 
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*'''2008'''<ref>http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/section?Category=caucus </ref>- [[Mike Huckabee]]  (34%) defeats [[Mitt Romney]] (25%), [[Fred Thompson]] (13%), [[John McCain]]  (13%), [[Ron Paul]]  (10%),  [[Rudy Giuliani]]  (3%),  [[Duncan Hunter]]  (0%) 
 
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*'''2004'''- [[George W. Bush]] wins unopposed
 
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*'''2000'''<ref>http://www.gwu.edu/~action/chrniowa.html</ref>- [[George W. Bush]] ( 40.99%) defeats [[Steve Forbes]]  (30.50% ), [[Alan Keyes]] (14.24%), [[Gary Bauer]]  (8.53%), and [[John McCain]] (4.67%)
 
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*'''1996'''- [[Bob Dole]] (26%) defeats [[Pat Buchanan]] (23%), [[Lamar Alexander]] (18%), [[Steve Forbes]] (10%), [[Phil Gramm]] (9%), [[Alan Keyes]] (7%), [[Richard Lugar]] (4%) and [[Maurice Taylor]] (1%)
 
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*'''1992''''- [[George H. W. Bush]] wins unopposed.
 
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*'''1988'''- [[Bob Dole]] (37%) defeats [[Pat Robertson]] (25%), [[George H. W. Bush]]* (19%), [[Jack Kemp]] (11%) and [[Pete DuPont]] (7%)
 
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*'''1984'''- Ronald Reagan* (unopposed)
 
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*'''1980'''- [[George H. W. Bush]] (32%) [[Ronald Reagan]]* (30%), [[Howard Baker]] (15%), [[John Connally]] (9%), [[Phil Crane]] (7%), [[John B. Anderson]] (4%) and [[Bob Dole]] (2%)
 
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*'''1976'''- [[Gerald Ford]]*  defeats [[Ronald Reagan]]
 
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''
 
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<small>*Went on to win party nomination''</small>
 
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==Further reading==
 
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* Johnson, Haynes, and Dan Balz. ''The Battle for America 2008: The Story of an Extraordinary Election'' (2009) very good report on 2008 caucuses.
 
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* Skipper, John C. ''The Iowa Caucuses: First Tests of Presidential Aspiration, 1972-2008'' (2009)
 
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==Also See==
 
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*[[Iowa Straw Poll]]
 
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*[[2008 Presidential Election]]
 
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==References==
 
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<references/>
 
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[[Category:Iowa]]
 
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[[Category:United States Presidential Elections]]
 
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[[Category:Republican Party]]
 
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[[Category:Democratic Party]]
 

Revision as of 20:29, January 9, 2011

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