Difference between revisions of "Burma"

From Conservapedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Undo vandal)
(Better name.)
 
(37 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{| border="1" align="right" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="300" style="margin-left:5px"
+
#REDIRECT [[Myanmar]]
−
|align="center" colspan="2"|[[Image:Burma rel 96.jpg|300px]]
 
−
|-
 
−
!colspan="2" align="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: white  no-repeat scroll top left;"|''Pyi-daung-zu Myan-ma Naing-ngan-daw''
 
−
|-
 
−
!align ="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: white no-repeat scroll top left;"|Flag
 
−
!align ="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: white no-repeat scroll top left;"|[[Image:Flag of Myanmar.png|50px|]]
 
−
|-
 
−
!align ="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: white no-repeat scroll top left;"|Arms
 
−
!align ="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: white no-repeat scroll top left;"|[[Image:Myanmar arms.gif|48px|]]
 
−
|-
 
−
|-
 
−
| Capital:
 
−
| Pyinmana
 
−
|-
 
−
| Official Language:
 
−
| Burmese
 
−
|-
 
−
| Population:
 
−
| 48,798,000 (2007)
 
−
|-
 
−
| Land area:
 
−
| 261,227 sq. mi.
 
−
|-
 
−
| Government:
 
−
| Military dictatorship
 
−
|-
 
−
| Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council:
 
−
| Than Shwe
 
−
|-
 
−
| Prime Minister:
 
−
| Soe Win
 
−
|-
 
−
| Acting Prime Minister:
 
−
| Thein Sein
 
−
|}
 
−
'''Burma''' (or ''Myanmar'') is a country in southeast [[Asia]] run by a pro-[[China]] military [[Junta]] widely condemned for [[human rights]] abuses.
 
−
 
 
−
The new regime renamed the country '''Myanmar''' and moved the capital from [[Rangoon]] to Pyinmana in remote mountain region. <ref> [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4416960.stm Burma's confusing capital move] </ref> The [[United States]] and [[Great Britain]] have never recognized the Junta's renaming of the country on the grounds it is not the legally constituted government.
 
−
 
 
−
==History==
 
−
[[Britain]] conquered Burma over a period of 62 years (1824-1886) and incorporated it into its [[Indian Empire]]. Burma was administered as a province of [[India]] until 1937 when it became a separate, self-governing colony; independence from the Commonwealth was attained in 1948. General Ne Win dominated the government from 1962 to 1988, first as military ruler, then as self-appointed president, and later as political kingpin.
 
−
 
 
−
Despite multiparty legislative elections in 1990 that resulted in the main opposition party - the National League for Democracy (NLD) - winning a landslide victory, the ruling junta refused to hand over power. NLD leader and [[Nobel Peace Prize]] recipient [[Aung San Suu Kyi]], who was under house arrest from 1989 to 1995 and 2000 to 2002, was imprisoned in May 2003 and subsequently transferred to house arrest, where she remains virtually incommunicado. In February 2006, the junta extended her detention for another year. Her supporters, as well as all those who promote democracy and improved human rights, are routinely harassed or jailed.
 
−
 
 
−
In September 2007, monks and other protesters paraded through the streets for over 9 days before the government ordered them to disperse.
 
−
 
 
−
It is severely censured by groups from [[ASEAN]] <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3085819.stm </ref> and [[Amnesty International]] <ref>http://web.amnesty.org/report2005/mmr-summary-eng</ref> for its [[human rights]] abuses, ranging from forced labour, to a campaign of oppression and what some claim amounts to [[genocide]]<ref>http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs3/Horton-2005.pdf</ref>.
 
−
 
 
−
The country contains most of the [[Karen]] people, an ethnic group which has been fighting for independence since 1949.
 
−
 
 
−
==Economy==
 
−
Burma, a resource-rich country, suffers from pervasive government controls, inefficient [[economic]] policies, and rural poverty. The junta took steps in the early 1990s to liberalize the economy after decades of failure under the "Burmese Way to Socialism," but those efforts stalled, and some of the liberalization measures were rescinded. Lacking monetary or fiscal stability, the economy suffers from serious macroeconomic imbalances - including rising inflation, fiscal deficits, multiple official exchange rates that overvalue the Burmese kyat, a distorted interest rate regime, unreliable statistics, and an inability to reconcile national accounts to determine a realistic GDP figure. Most overseas development assistance ceased after the junta began to suppress the democracy movement in 1988 and subsequently refused to honor the results of the 1990 legislative elections. In response to the government of Burma's attack in May 2003 on Aung San Suu Kyi and her convoy, the US imposed new economic sanctions in August 2003 against Burma - including a ban on imports of Burmese products and a ban on provision of financial services by US persons. Further, a poor investment climate hampers attracting outside investment slowing the inflow of foreign exchange. The most productive sectors will continue to be in extractive industries, especially oil and gas, mining, and timber with the latter especially causing environmental degradation. Other areas, such as manufacturing and services, are struggling with inadequate infrastructure, unpredictable import/export policies, deteriorating health and education systems, and endemic corruption. A major banking crisis in 2003 shuttered the country's 20 private banks and disrupted the economy. As of 2006, the largest private banks operate under tight restrictions limiting the private sector's access to formal credit. Official statistics are inaccurate. Published statistics on foreign trade are greatly understated because of the size of the black market and unofficial border trade - often estimated to be as large as the official economy. Though the Burmese government has good economic relations with its neighbors, better investment and business climates and an improved political situation are needed to promote serious foreign investment, exports, and tourism.
 
−
 
 
−
==Human trafficking==
 
−
Burma is a source country for men, women, and children trafficked to East and Southeast Asia for sexual exploitation, domestic service, and forced commercial labor; a significant number of victims are economic migrants who wind up in forced or bonded labor and forced prostitution; to a lesser extent, Burma is a country of transit and destination for women trafficked from China for sexual exploitation; internal trafficking of persons occurs primarily for labor in industrial zones and agricultural estates; internal trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation occurs from villages to urban centers and other areas; the military junta's economic mismanagement, human rights abuses, and policy of using forced labor are driving factors behind Burma(Myanmar)'s large trafficking problem.  Burma does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of human trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so.
 
−
 
 
−
==Illicit drugs==
 
−
Burma remains world's second largest producer of illicit opium with an estimated production in 2005 of 380 metric tons, up 13% from 2004 and cultivation in 2005 was 40,000 hectares, a 10% increase from 2004; the decline in opium production in the United Wa State Army's areas of greatest control was more than offset by increases in south and east Shan state; lack of government will to take on major narcotrafficking groups and lack of serious commitment against money laundering continues to hinder the overall anti drug effort; major source of methamphetamine and heroin for regional consumption; currently under Financial Action Task Force countermeasures due to continued failure to address its inadequate money-laundering controls (2005).
 
−
 
 
−
== Political Unrest/Democracy Movement ==
 
−
{{Burma uprising}}
 
−
 
 
−
==Relations with China==
 
−
 
 
−
China has provided Burma with substantial military, economic, and infrastructure
 
−
development assistance. According to a reported internal Department of Defense
 
−
(DOD) document, China is building naval bases in Burma that will give China its
 
−
only access to the Indian Ocean.<ref>[http://www.kachinpost.com/article2005/jan18.html China Builds up Strategic Sea Lanes], ''[[Washington Times]]'', January 18, 2005. Retrieved from the Kachin Post, October 12, 2007.</ref> These close relations are one explanation the Peoples Republic of China on January 12, 2007, vetoed a U.S.-sponsored U.N. Security Council resolution criticizing Burma’s [[human rights]] record. The veto was only the fifth that China has ever exercised in the [[U.N. Security Council]].
 
−
 
 
−
==References==
 
−
<references/>
 
−
 
 
−
[[Category:Asian Countries]]
 

Latest revision as of 18:39, November 29, 2020

Redirect to:

Retrieved from "https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Burma&oldid=1708641"