Difference between revisions of "Marx Brothers"
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| − | The '''Marx Brothers''' were a successful sibling comedy act who appeared on [[Broadway]], in [[film]], and, toward the end of their careers, [[television]]. The most successful line up consisted of brothers [[Groucho Marx|Groucho]], [[Chico Marx|Chico]], [[Harpo Marx|Harpo]], and (sometimes) [[Zeppo Marx|Zeppo]]. A fifth brother, Gummo, took part in early stage shows, but later went into behind the scenes work before the act became famous. A sixth brother, Manfred, died a few months after his birth.<ref>http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=12415029</ref> | + | The '''Marx Brothers''' were a successful sibling comedy act who appeared on [[Broadway]], in [[film]], and, toward the end of their careers, [[television]]. The most successful line up consisted of brothers [[Groucho Marx|Groucho]], [[Chico Marx|Chico]], [[Harpo Marx|Harpo]], and (sometimes) [[Zeppo Marx|Zeppo]]. A fifth brother, Gummo, took part in early stage shows, but later went into behind the scenes work before the act became famous. A sixth brother, Manfred, died a few months after his birth.<ref>[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=12415029 Find a Grave - Manfred Marx], Find a Grave. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref> |
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| − | Originally the Marx Brothers were a singing group ("The Three Nightingales"),<ref>http://www.marx-brothers.org/marxology/mascots.htm</ref> but the act quickly became a variety show, with each brother taking part in comic sketches and/or showcasing his musical instrument of choice. As the act developed, the brothers created distinct stage personae, and in most instances would portray that persona regardless of their character in the play, sketch, or film in question.<ref>http://www.tcm.com/thismonth/article/?cid=86548&rss=mrqe</ref> | + | Originally the Marx Brothers were a singing group ("The Three Nightingales"),<ref>[http://www.marx-brothers.org/marxology/mascots.htm Nightingales and Mascots], Marxology. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref> but the act quickly became a variety show, with each brother taking part in comic sketches and/or showcasing his musical instrument of choice. As the act developed, the brothers created distinct stage personae, and in most instances would portray that persona regardless of their character in the play, sketch, or film in question.<ref>[http://www.tcm.com/thismonth/article/?cid=86548&rss=mrqe Monkey Business (1931)], Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref> |
| − | Groucho portrayed a cigar waggling conman with a greasepaint moustache and a natty black suit. His trademark was punning, which ranged from the simple to the ribald: "I'm gonna take you down and show you our cemetery. I've got a waiting list of fifty people down at that cemetery just dying to get in it."<ref>http://www.marx-brothers.org/whyaduck/info/movies/scenes/whyaduck.htm</ref> He was also noted for socially satirical wordplay, as in the film ''Monkey Business'' (1931): | + | Groucho portrayed a cigar waggling conman with a greasepaint moustache and a natty black suit. His trademark was punning, which ranged from the simple to the ribald: "I'm gonna take you down and show you our cemetery. I've got a waiting list of fifty people down at that cemetery just dying to get in it."<ref>[http://www.marx-brothers.org/whyaduck/info/movies/scenes/whyaduck.htm Why a Duck?], www.marx-brothers.org. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref> He was also noted for socially satirical wordplay, as in the film ''Monkey Business'' (1931): |
{{cquote|Madame Swempski: I don't like this innuendo. | {{cquote|Madame Swempski: I don't like this innuendo. | ||
| − | Groucho: That's what I always say: love flies out the door when money comes innuendo.<ref> | + | Groucho: That's what I always say: love flies out the door when money comes innuendo.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0022158/quotes Memorable quotes for Monkey Business (1931)], [[IMDB]]. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref>}} |
Harpo portrayed a clownish mute, and never spoke on either stage or film. He usually dressed in a trench coat, top hat, and a bright red wig. He carried a bicycle horn, and would often sidle up to a person and have them hold his leg up. His name was derived from his harp playing, which had been a staple of their stage act (and later films). | Harpo portrayed a clownish mute, and never spoke on either stage or film. He usually dressed in a trench coat, top hat, and a bright red wig. He carried a bicycle horn, and would often sidle up to a person and have them hold his leg up. His name was derived from his harp playing, which had been a staple of their stage act (and later films). | ||
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Chico (pronounced "CHICK-o", not "CHEEK-o") affected an [[Italy|Italian]] accent, and was usually paired as Harpo's partner. He competed in wordplay with Groucho and played piano, sometimes ending a glissando by "shooting" the last note with his index finger. Chico's "ancestry" became a running gag in the Marx Brothers' act: for example, in the film ''Animal Crackers'' Groucho turns to Chico and asks, "When did you become Italian?" | Chico (pronounced "CHICK-o", not "CHEEK-o") affected an [[Italy|Italian]] accent, and was usually paired as Harpo's partner. He competed in wordplay with Groucho and played piano, sometimes ending a glissando by "shooting" the last note with his index finger. Chico's "ancestry" became a running gag in the Marx Brothers' act: for example, in the film ''Animal Crackers'' Groucho turns to Chico and asks, "When did you become Italian?" | ||
| − | Zeppo played the group's straight man and occasional romantic lead,<ref>http://www.marx-brothers.org/biography/zeppo.htm</ref> though on stage he understudied for Groucho, and was considered just as capable a comedian as his siblings. <ref>http://books.google.ca/books?id=k64P_6iYpmUC&pg=PA52&lpg=PA52&dq=zeppo+understudy+groucho&source=bl&ots=uQoGLAfa09&sig=ys2CDvkJYy1Qw339VywlwosZWgY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result</ref> Zeppo eventually left the group and ran a company that produced parts for the [[World War II|war]] effort. | + | Zeppo played the group's straight man and occasional romantic lead,<ref>[http://www.marx-brothers.org/biography/zeppo.htm Zeppo Marx], www.marx-brothers.org. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref> though on stage he understudied for Groucho, and was considered just as capable a comedian as his siblings. <ref>[http://books.google.ca/books?id=k64P_6iYpmUC&pg=PA52&lpg=PA52&dq=zeppo+understudy+groucho&source=bl&ots=uQoGLAfa09&sig=ys2CDvkJYy1Qw339VywlwosZWgY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result The Marx Brothers: A Bio-Bibliography], Google Books. Retrieved December 18, 2008.</ref> Zeppo eventually left the group and ran a company that produced parts for the [[World War II|war]] effort. |
==From vaudeville to film== | ==From vaudeville to film== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | + | {{reflist}} | |
[[Category:Actors]] | [[Category:Actors]] | ||
[[Category:Comedians]] | [[Category:Comedians]] | ||
[[Category:Jewish People]] | [[Category:Jewish People]] | ||
[[category:Vaudeville]] | [[category:Vaudeville]] | ||
Revision as of 00:26, December 20, 2008
The Marx Brothers were a successful sibling comedy act who appeared on Broadway, in film, and, toward the end of their careers, television. The most successful line up consisted of brothers Groucho, Chico, Harpo, and (sometimes) Zeppo. A fifth brother, Gummo, took part in early stage shows, but later went into behind the scenes work before the act became famous. A sixth brother, Manfred, died a few months after his birth.[1]
| Real name | Stage name |
|---|---|
| Leonard Marx | Chico |
| Julius Henry Marx | Groucho |
| Milton Marx | Gummo |
| Arthur[2] Marx | Harpo |
| Herbert Marx | Zeppo |
Originally the Marx Brothers were a singing group ("The Three Nightingales"),[3] but the act quickly became a variety show, with each brother taking part in comic sketches and/or showcasing his musical instrument of choice. As the act developed, the brothers created distinct stage personae, and in most instances would portray that persona regardless of their character in the play, sketch, or film in question.[4]
Groucho portrayed a cigar waggling conman with a greasepaint moustache and a natty black suit. His trademark was punning, which ranged from the simple to the ribald: "I'm gonna take you down and show you our cemetery. I've got a waiting list of fifty people down at that cemetery just dying to get in it."[5] He was also noted for socially satirical wordplay, as in the film Monkey Business (1931):
| “ | Madame Swempski: I don't like this innuendo.
Groucho: That's what I always say: love flies out the door when money comes innuendo.[6] |
” |
Harpo portrayed a clownish mute, and never spoke on either stage or film. He usually dressed in a trench coat, top hat, and a bright red wig. He carried a bicycle horn, and would often sidle up to a person and have them hold his leg up. His name was derived from his harp playing, which had been a staple of their stage act (and later films).
Chico (pronounced "CHICK-o", not "CHEEK-o") affected an Italian accent, and was usually paired as Harpo's partner. He competed in wordplay with Groucho and played piano, sometimes ending a glissando by "shooting" the last note with his index finger. Chico's "ancestry" became a running gag in the Marx Brothers' act: for example, in the film Animal Crackers Groucho turns to Chico and asks, "When did you become Italian?"
Zeppo played the group's straight man and occasional romantic lead,[7] though on stage he understudied for Groucho, and was considered just as capable a comedian as his siblings. [8] Zeppo eventually left the group and ran a company that produced parts for the war effort.
From vaudeville to film
Beginning with 1929's The Cocoanuts and followed in 1930 with Animal Crackers, the Marx Brothers took to the screen for a series of long-running and widely acclaimed musical comedies. Their 1933 Duck Soup, which took potshots at the tin pot dictatorships of prewar Europe, is frequently rated one of the greatest comedies of all time.[Citation Needed]
While Groucho, Harpo, and Chico's characters translated easily to the cinematic medium, Zeppo's straight-man did not fare as well. Audiences did not respond to his light touch, preferring more slapstick comedy. Zeppo had also grown bored with the role, and after the success of Duck Soup, left the act for good.
The three Marx Brothers made a few more films with MGM, such as A Night at the Opera and A Day at the Races, but the quality of their work began to falter, and the act was essentially defunct by the 1950s. The brothers made one last appearance together on film with cameos in Irwin Allen's The Story of Mankind.
Filmography
- Humor Risk (1921) (Believed lost)
- The Cocoanuts (1929, Paramount)
- Animal Crackers (1930, Paramount)
- The House That Shadows Built (1931, Paramount)
- Monkey Business (1931, Paramount)
- Horse Feathers (1932, Paramount)
- Duck Soup (1933, Paramount)
- A Night at the Opera (1935, MGM)
- A Day at the Races (1937, MGM)
- Room Service (1938, RKO)
- At the Circus (1939, MGM)
- Go West (1940, MGM)
- The Big Store (1941, MGM)
- A Night in Casablanca (1946, United Artists)
- Love Happy (1949, United Artists)
- The Story of Mankind (1957, Warner Bros.)
See also
References
- ↑ Find a Grave - Manfred Marx, Find a Grave. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ↑ Born "Adolph", having changed his name in 1911.
- ↑ Nightingales and Mascots, Marxology. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ↑ Monkey Business (1931), Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ↑ Why a Duck?, www.marx-brothers.org. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ↑ Memorable quotes for Monkey Business (1931), IMDB. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ↑ Zeppo Marx, www.marx-brothers.org. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
- ↑ The Marx Brothers: A Bio-Bibliography, Google Books. Retrieved December 18, 2008.