Difference between revisions of "Japanese language"

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The '''Japanese language''' (Kanji: 日本語; Hiragana: にほんご; ''nihongo'') incorporates two writing systems: [[Chinese characters]] known as ''[[kanji]]'' and a semi-alphabetic [[syllabary]] called ''[[kana]]''. Its grammar is similar to the [[Korean language]]. It is an [[SOV language]].
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#redirect[[Japanese grammar]]
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==Grammar==
 
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===Particles===
 
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In Japanese, particles function as prepositions. They are more accurately called postpositions, though. They come after the noun they are being applied to.
 
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For instance:
 
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Watashi wa sakana o Hearodo ni ageta
 
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The particles "wa", "o" and "ni" all come AFTER the noun. The sentence above translates to "I gave the fish to Harold"
 
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The particle wa is the topic marker. This is a foreign concept to English speaking people. Take this sentence, "Zou wa hana ga nagai desu." The topic is "zou", elephant. The particle ga shows that "hana", nose, is the subject of the sentence. The sentence roughly translates to "As for elephants, their noses are long." There is added confusion though. In the sentence "Watashi wa Ichiro desu" you would expect it to translate to "As for myself, am Ichiro" when in truth it means "I am Ichiro".
 
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*Wa: Topic (Boku '''wa'''Ichiro da)
 
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*Ga: Subject (Zou wa hana '''ga''' nagai desu)
 
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*O: Direct Object (chiizu '''o''' taberu)
 
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*Ni: Indirect Object (Tanaka-san '''ni''' hanasu)
 
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*E: Destination Indicator (Tokyo '''e'''!)
 
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*De: Action Indicator (Niigata '''de'''wa sakana o taberu)
 
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*No: Possession Indicator (Watashi '''no''' kamera)
 
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*To: Connector (Ashita boushi '''to''' undou gutsu o motte kite kudasai)
 
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*Ya: Connector (Gakkou ga hajimattara, pen '''ya''' nooto '''ya''' jisho ga hitsuyo desu)
 
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*Mo: Includer (Watashi '''mo''' miru!)
 
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*Ka: Question marker (Ima wa nan ji desu '''ka''')
 
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See:
 
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*[[Japanese and Korean]]
 
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*[[Pronouns in Japanese]]
 
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*[http://www.timwerx.net/language/particles.htm List of Particles]
 
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[[Category: Altaic languages]]
 
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[[Category: Japanese]]
 

Revision as of 15:08, December 8, 2008

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