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| − | The '''HPV vaccine''' is a [[vaccine]] designed to prevent infection by one or more strains of [[human papillomavirus]], a virus which is endemic in the human population and which approximately 80% of sexually active adults carry.
| + | #REDIRECT [[HPV vaccine]] |
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| − | The only HPV vaccine currently on the market is Merck's Gardasil. A GlaxoSmithKline vaccine, Cervarix, is awaiting FDA approval.<ref>[http://www.vaccinerx.com/news/cervical-cancer/cervarix---glaxo-hpv-vaccine-filed-with-fda-20070330-160-26.html Cervarix - Glaxo HPV Vaccine Filed With FDA (VaccineRX)]</ref>
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| − | Gardasil protects against types 6, 11, 16 and 18 of HPV, which are primarily sexually transmitted diseases. These strains of HPV have been associated with 70% of cervical cancer cases and may also play a role in the development of other types of cancer <ref>[http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/HPV]</ref>. In June 2006, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first HPV vaccine based on observance of elevated [[antibody]] levels in a double blind clinical trial involving over 20,000 subjects. <ref> http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5602a1.htm</ref>
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| − | The HPV vaccine does not protect against other sexually transmitted diseases (e.g., chlamydia, herpes, hepatitis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, [[HIV]], [[AIDS]], etc.). The vaccine is not recommended for use in pregnant women or girls.<ref>http://www.fda.gov/cber/label/hpvmer013007LB.pdf</ref>
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| − | The long-term consequences of the HPV vaccine are not known and there have not been any long-term studies. Children in the 9-year-old age group have been monitored for only 18 months, and there have been no studies on the carcinogenic risk or the general toxicity of the vaccine itself. However, Between July 2006 and January 2007, there were 82 reports of adverse events filed with the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System ([[VAERS]]) following the receipt of the vaccine. However, under clinical trial conditions, the reports of adverse or severe reactions were not any higher for those receiving the vaccine versus those receiving a placebo.
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| − | A study published February 28, 2007 in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) disclosed that only about 3% of all women are ever infected in their lifetime by the particular types of HPV (Types 6, 11, 16, 18) targeted by the vaccine.
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| − | Merck manufactures the HPV vaccine and sells it for $360 ($120 per shot in a three-shot series). Its package insert explains the limitations of the vaccine and describes its testing for safety and efficacy.<ref>http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/g/gardasil/gardasil_pi.pdf</ref>
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| − | The cost for buying and administering the three-dose vaccine is about $500 per child.
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| − | The [[Association of American Physicians and Surgeons]], the Texas Medical Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics do not support making this vaccine mandatory.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5RNAYlAxmo</ref>
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| − | A list of pending statutes in NJ for the HPV vaccine is [[HPV vaccine NJ|here]].
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| − | ==References==
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| − | <references/>
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| − | ==External Links==
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| − | [http://www.cdc.gov/nip/ACIP/minutes/acip-min-jun06.txt Advisory Panel on Immunization Practices]
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| − | [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5RNAYlAxmo Debate on the HPV vaccine]
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| − | [[Category:Vaccines]]
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