Difference between revisions of "Guillotine"
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[[Image:guillotine.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Lithograph of a guillotine used in Denmark]] | [[Image:guillotine.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Lithograph of a guillotine used in Denmark]] | ||
| − | ''' | + | A '''guillotine''' is a device used in [[execution]]s, invented by Dr. Joseph Guillotine shortly before the [[French Revolution]]. Most guillotines have a heavy blade that is attached to a tall frame. The blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the victim's head. Dr. Guillotine also envisioned it as being used privately as a means to end the death penalty, although ironically, during the French Revolution, it quickly gained notoriety as being a public form of execution.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/19980210233233/http://inventors.miningco.com/library/weekly/aa103197.htm</ref> |
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| + | Dr. Joseph Guillotine envisioned the device as a more humane method of execution. (Previously, only nobles had been beheaded; commoners had been hung.) The French government adopted it as the official execution method. | ||
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| + | However, during the [[Jacobin]] Reign of Terror amid the [[French Revolution]], the guillotine became a symbol of arbitrary execution as anyone who disagreed with [[Robespierre]]'s [[leftist]] ideology, or even those who were merely accused of subversion, was executed by it. The guillotine remained a tool of [[capital punishment]] in France until its last usage in 1977, with the execution of murderer Hamida Dandjoubi. | ||
| + | The guillotine's use wasn't limited to France. It saw somewhat of a revival during the rule of German [[Nazi|National]] [[Socialism]], being the execution method for dissenters after a mock trial. The [[White Rose]] resistance leaders were executed through it. | ||
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| + | Among famous victims of the guillotine figure [[Louis XVI]], [[Marie Antoiniette]], [[Sophie Scholl]] and [[Hans Scholl]]. | ||
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| + | ==Halifax Gibbet== | ||
| + | A guillotine in all but name was used in the town of [[Halifax (Yorkshire)|Halifax]] in West Yorkshire from the late Middle Ages to 1650. | ||
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*[[Antoine Lavoisier]] | *[[Antoine Lavoisier]] | ||
| − | [[ | + | == Notes and references == |
| + | <references /> | ||
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| + | [[Category:France]] | ||
[[Category:French Revolution]] | [[Category:French Revolution]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:37, April 9, 2019
A guillotine is a device used in executions, invented by Dr. Joseph Guillotine shortly before the French Revolution. Most guillotines have a heavy blade that is attached to a tall frame. The blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the victim's head. Dr. Guillotine also envisioned it as being used privately as a means to end the death penalty, although ironically, during the French Revolution, it quickly gained notoriety as being a public form of execution.[1]
Dr. Joseph Guillotine envisioned the device as a more humane method of execution. (Previously, only nobles had been beheaded; commoners had been hung.) The French government adopted it as the official execution method.
However, during the Jacobin Reign of Terror amid the French Revolution, the guillotine became a symbol of arbitrary execution as anyone who disagreed with Robespierre's leftist ideology, or even those who were merely accused of subversion, was executed by it. The guillotine remained a tool of capital punishment in France until its last usage in 1977, with the execution of murderer Hamida Dandjoubi. The guillotine's use wasn't limited to France. It saw somewhat of a revival during the rule of German National Socialism, being the execution method for dissenters after a mock trial. The White Rose resistance leaders were executed through it.
Among famous victims of the guillotine figure Louis XVI, Marie Antoiniette, Sophie Scholl and Hans Scholl.
Halifax Gibbet
A guillotine in all but name was used in the town of Halifax in West Yorkshire from the late Middle Ages to 1650.