Typhoid fever (sometimes confused with typhus) is a disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It causes high fever, sweating and diarrhea. If untreated, it will cause headaches, abdominal pain and nosebleeds. Complications can arise, often causing intestinal bleeding. The disease is endemic in most of the Southern hemisphere. If treated, death from Typhoid is rare, and if untreated death results in about 10% of cases.[1]