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==Literary language==

==Literary language==

Homeric Greek is one of the earliest literary languages, a form of Attic-Ionic. Archaic Greek followed Homeric, and culminated in Classical Greek with [[Aeschylus]] and [[Sophocles]], and then later Classical Greek, with [[Plato]] and [[Aristotle]] and the plays of [[Euripides]] and [[Aristophanes]].

Homeric Greek is an early literary language, a form of Attic-Ionic. Archaic Greek followed Homeric, and culminated in Classical Greek with [[Plato]], [[Aristotle]], and the plays of [[Euripides]], [[Aeschylus]], [[Sophocles]],and [[Aristophanes]].

The Greek spread by [[Alexander the Great]] was literary. By the 1st century AD, it had evolved into Koine Greek ("common" Greek), which is comparable to [[Vulgar Latin]]. Koine Greek and Vulgar Latin had phonological changes and simplifications in grammar and syntax that differed from Classical Greek and Classical Latin. This was the Greek in use in [[Palestine]] at the time of [[Jesus]] and was the language of the [[New Testament]]. Greek was the common trade language of the [[Roman Empire]].

The Greek spread by [[Alexander the Great]] was also literary. By the 1st century AD, it had evolved into Koine Greek ("common" Greek), which is comparable to [[Vulgar Latin]]. Koine Greek and Vulgar Latin had phonological changes and simplifications in grammar and syntax that differed from Classical Greek and Classical Latin. This was the Greek in use in [[Palestine]] at the time of [[Jesus]] and was the language of the [[New Testament]]. Greek was the common trade language of the [[Roman Empire]].

Some centuries before, the [[Jews]] of Alexandria rendered a version of the [[Old Testament]] into Greek, the [[Septuagint]] (LXX), ("the seventy" or "seventy-two" based on the number of translators). This version of the Old Testament differs from that used by most [[Protestants]], who use the [[Masoretic Hebrew]] text, but continues to be used by the [[Catholic Church]] (in [[Latin]]) and by the Greek [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] (untranslated).

Some centuries before, the [[Jews]] of Alexandria rendered a version of the [[Old Testament]] into Greek, the [[Septuagint]] (LXX), ("the seventy" or "seventy-two" based on the number of translators). This version of the Old Testament differs from that used by most [[Protestants]], who use the [[Masoretic Hebrew]] text, but continues to be used by the [[Catholic Church]] (in [[Latin]]) and by the Greek [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] (untranslated).

==Grammar==

==Grammar==

In the Greek language, [[verb]]s are conjugated for three [[mood (grammar)|moods]] and three [[voice]]s; the three moods being the indicative, subjunctive and optative, and the three voices being the active, passive and middle. Greek syntax and linguistic structure is similar to Latin, with several words sharing links with one another (for example, the word "pater").{{fact}} Ancient Greek is notorious for having a large proportion of irregular verbs; the scholar L. A. Wilding has calculated that most verbs show some degree of inconsistency.{{fact}}

In the Attic Greek language, [[verb]]s are conjugated for three [[mood (grammar)|moods]] and three [[voice]]s; the three moods being the indicative, subjunctive and optative, and the three voices being the active, passive and middle. Greek syntax and linguistic structure is similar to Latin, with several words sharing links with one another (for example, the word "pater").{{fact}} Ancient Greek is notorious for having a large proportion of irregular verbs; the scholar L. A. Wilding has calculated that most verbs show some degree of inconsistency.{{fact}}

== See Also ==

== See Also ==