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'''Princeton University''' is an old<ref>

'''Princeton University''' is a small porivate world-class research university in central New Jersey.  It has the highest endowment per studentr of any school, and competes with Harvard and Yale in the Ivy League, and Stanford as well.  It is extraordinarily difficult to get into, but it covers the full financial needs of all students.  Princeton is built around its undergraduate college, and its small graduate school. [[Woodrow Wilson]], as president of the school in 1910, tried and failed to bring the two together. It does not have schools of medicine, law, business or divinity, but does have a strong engineering school and the Woodrow Wilson School for Public Affairs.<ref> Princeton Divinity School nearby is totally separate, as is the nstitute for Advanced Study.</ref>  The Firestone Library is world famous.

 

 

 

Princeton is old<ref>

Princeton considers itself to be the fourth oldest university in British North America.[http://www.princeton.edu/main/about/history/] Princeton, Penn, Brown, Columbia, Rutgers, and Dartmouth are all roughly the same age, originating within about a two-decade period from 1750  to 1770. Because institutional age is a point of pride, and because there is no firm definition of what constitutes "founding," colleges have a tendency to interpret history in such a way as to yield the earliest possible founding date. Until 1895, Princeton would generally have been considered the fourth oldest, Penn then stating its founding date as 1749, but in 1895 Penn alumni found an interpretation for a founding year of 1740, the date Penn now uses. Thus, Princeton and Penn both claim to be the fourth oldest.

Princeton considers itself to be the fourth oldest university in British North America.[http://www.princeton.edu/main/about/history/] Princeton, Penn, Brown, Columbia, Rutgers, and Dartmouth are all roughly the same age, originating within about a two-decade period from 1750  to 1770. Because institutional age is a point of pride, and because there is no firm definition of what constitutes "founding," colleges have a tendency to interpret history in such a way as to yield the earliest possible founding date. Until 1895, Princeton would generally have been considered the fourth oldest, Penn then stating its founding date as 1749, but in 1895 Penn alumni found an interpretation for a founding year of 1740, the date Penn now uses. Thus, Princeton and Penn both claim to be the fourth oldest.

</ref> and famous university in [[Princeton]], [[New Jersey]], founded in 1746 as the "College of New Jersey." It is one of the nine Colonial Colleges (founded before 1776) and one of eight members of the [[Ivy League]].

</ref> and famous university in [[Princeton]], [[New Jersey]], founded in 1746 as the "College of New Jersey." It is one of the nine Colonial Colleges (founded before 1776) and one of eight members of the [[Ivy League]].

Princeton was founded to train men who would become "ornaments of the State as well as the Church." It was chartered to trustees representing the New Light (evangelical) wing of the Presbyterian church, but was open to men of any denomination, and had no legal connection with the Church.<ref>[http://www.princeton.edu/pr/facts/revolution.html Princeton in the American Revolution], Princeton website: "The charter was issued to a self-perpetuating board of trustees who were acting in behalf of the evangelical or New Light wing of the Presbyterian Church, but the College had no legal or constitutional identification with that denomination. Its doors were to be open to all students, 'any different sentiments in religion notwithstanding.' The announced purpose of the founders was to train men who would become 'ornaments of the State as well as the Church.'"</ref>

Princeton was founded to train men who would become "ornaments of the State as well as the Church." It was chartered to trustees representing the New Light (evangelical) wing of the Presbyterian church, but was open to men of any denomination, and had no legal connection with the Church.<ref>[http://www.princeton.edu/pr/facts/revolution.html Princeton in the American Revolution], Princeton website: "The charter was issued to a self-perpetuating board of trustees who were acting in behalf of the evangelical or New Light wing of the Presbyterian Church, but the College had no legal or constitutional identification with that denomination. Its doors were to be open to all students, 'any different sentiments in religion notwithstanding.' The announced purpose of the founders was to train men who would become 'ornaments of the State as well as the Church.'"</ref>

It was founded as a Presbyterian institution, and in 1962 became the last of the Ivy League colleges to abolish "compulsory chapel" (required attendance at religious services.)<ref>[http://etcweb.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/mfs/05/Companion/university_chapel.html?15 The University Chapel], Princeton website</ref>

It was founded as a Presbyterian institution, and in 1962 became the last of the Ivy League colleges to abolish "compulsory chapel" (required attendance at religious services.)<ref>[http://etcweb.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/mfs/05/Companion/university_chapel.html?15 The University Chapel], Princeton website</ref>

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries Princeton had an historical association with what historian E. Digby Baltzell termed "the WASP establishment." Baltzell noted "the three major upper-class institutions in America have been Harvard, Yale, and Princeton."<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (1996). Puritan Boston and Quaker Philadelphia. Transaction Publishers. 156000830X.  (p. 249, "the three major upper-class institutions...")</ref> Of the three, Princeton was historically the preference of the Southern upper class.<ref>

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries Princeton had an historical association with what historian E. Digby Baltzell termed "the WASP establishment." Baltzell noted "the three major upper-class institutions in America have been Harvard, Yale, and Princeton."<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (1996). Puritan Boston and Quaker Philadelphia. Transaction Publishers. 156000830X.  (p. 249, "the three major upper-class institutions...")</ref> Of the three, Princeton was historically the preference of the Southern upper class before the Civil War, and the steel magnates of Pittsburgh during the [[Gilded Age]].<ref>

Encyclop&aelig;dia Americana, 1833, [http://books.google.com/books?vid=0vOGjiUa56VRRTeq1o4&id=yCCH_BG88JIC&pg=PA1-IA247&lpg=PA1-IA247&dq=princeton&as_brr=1 p. 247]: "The College of New Jersey at Princeton has long and justly maintained a high reputation, and numbers among its alumni many of the most eminent men of the Union, especially in the Southern States."

Encyclop&aelig;dia Americana, 1833, [http://books.google.com/books?vid=0vOGjiUa56VRRTeq1o4&id=yCCH_BG88JIC&pg=PA1-IA247&lpg=PA1-IA247&dq=princeton&as_brr=1 p. 247]: "The College of New Jersey at Princeton has long and justly maintained a high reputation, and numbers among its alumni many of the most eminent men of the Union, especially in the Southern States."

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Campus life on Princeton during the Roaring Twenties was depicted by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] in his novel ''This Side of Paradise.''<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/115/ This Side of Paradise], online text at Bartleby.com]</ref> A Trenton newspaper columnist wrote that "Fitzgerald described how boozing, social climbing and sex were an accepted part of the college scene. And he refused to draw any moral conclusions... The book would bring flappers, flaming youth and fast living into the American consciousness. In time, Fitzgerald would coin a name for the hectic era&mdash;The Jazz Age."<ref>[http://www.capitalcentury.com/1920.html The Capital Century: 1920: Fitzgerald's Own 'Paradise'], Trenton, NJ history website; article by Jon Blackwell</ref>

Campus life on Princeton during the Roaring Twenties was depicted by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] in his novel ''This Side of Paradise.''<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/115/ This Side of Paradise], online text at Bartleby.com]</ref> A Trenton newspaper columnist wrote that "Fitzgerald described how boozing, social climbing and sex were an accepted part of the college scene. And he refused to draw any moral conclusions... The book would bring flappers, flaming youth and fast living into the American consciousness. In time, Fitzgerald would coin a name for the hectic era&mdash;The Jazz Age."<ref>[http://www.capitalcentury.com/1920.html The Capital Century: 1920: Fitzgerald's Own 'Paradise'], Trenton, NJ history website; article by Jon Blackwell</ref>

 

Princeton has no fraternities; socially, the "eating clubs" fulfill somewhat the same role. (While President of Princeton, Woodrow Wilson tried unsuccessfully to abolish the eating clubs.) The eating club tradition became cemented during the years 1899-1910, when the clubs built plush "clubhouses," many on Prospect Avenue, beginning with Ivy Club in 1899.<ref>[http://etcweb.princeton.edu/Campus/chap11.html The Eating Clubs of Prospect Avenue]</ref> Some clubs named by Fitzgerald in ''This Side of Paradise'' include: "Ivy, detached and breathlessly aristocratic; Cottage, an impressive melange of brilliant adventurers and well-dressed philanderers; Tiger Inn, broad-shouldered and athletic, vitalized by an honest elaboration of prep-school standards; Cap and Gown, anti-alcoholic, faintly religious and politically powerful; flamboyant Colonial; [and] literary Quadrangle." The process of selection for eating clubs is known as "bicker." The Daily Princetonian noted that the "time-honored tradition that has been both celebrated and contentious from its beginning." It is contentious because "Bicker has always had an exclusive nature."<ref>[http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/archives/2001/02/09/news/2279.shtml Down the 'Street' A history of the Bicker process], Daily Princetonian].</ref> However, today only five of the eleven clubs use bicker to select candidates.  

Princeton has no fraternities; socially, the "eating clubs" fulfill somewhat the same role. (While President of Princeton, Woodrow Wilson tried unsuccessfully to abolish the eating clubs.) The eating club tradition became cemented during the years 1899-1910, when the clubs built plush "clubhouses," many on Prospect Avenue, beginning with Ivy Club in 1899.<ref>[http://etcweb.princeton.edu/Campus/chap11.html The Eating Clubs of Prospect Avenue]</ref> Some clubs named by Fitzgerald in ''This Side of Paradise'' include: "Ivy, detached and breathlessly aristocratic; Cottage, an impressive melange of brilliant adventurers and well-dressed philanderers; Tiger Inn, broad-shouldered and athletic, vitalized by an honest elaboration of prep-school standards; Cap and Gown, anti-alcoholic, faintly religious and politically powerful; flamboyant Colonial; [and] literary Quadrangle." The process of selection for eating clubs is known as "bicker." The Daily Princetonian noted that the "time-honored tradition that has been both celebrated and contentious from its beginning." It is contentious because "Bicker has always had an exclusive nature."<ref>[http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/archives/2001/02/09/news/2279.shtml Down the 'Street' A history of the Bicker process], Daily Princetonian].</ref> However, today only five of the eleven clubs use bicker to select candidates.