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'''Québec'''  is the largest [[province]] in [[Canada]] geographically, and the second most populous after [[Ontario]]. The English name is  Quebec.  The capital is [[Québec City]] and the largest city is [[Montreal|Montréal]] (Montreal).  Quebec entered Confederation in 1867 and has a total area of 1,540,680 km².  The population of Quebec was 7,546,131 in 2006, approximately 23.4% of the national total.<ref>[http://canadaonline.about.com/cs/provinces/p/quebecfacts.htm Canadaonline]</ref>   

'''Québec'''  is the largest [[province]] in [[Canada]] geographically, and the second most populous after [[Ontario]]. The English name is  Quebec.  The capital is [[Québec City]] and the largest city is [[Montreal|Montréal]] (Montreal).  Quebec entered Confederation in 1867 and has a total area of 1,540,680 km².  The population of Quebec was 7,546,131 in 2006, approximately 23.4% of the national total.<ref>[http://canadaonline.about.com/cs/provinces/p/quebecfacts.htm Canadaonline]</ref>   

Quebec traces its roots to French colonization of North America prior to the British conquest of Canada in 1760 during the [[French and Indian Wars]].  Quebec still retains much of the unique French-language culture, although it has had very connections with France in 250 years.  

Quebec traces its roots to French colonization of North America prior to the British conquest of Canada in 1760 during the [[French and Indian Wars]].  Quebec still retains much of the unique French-language culture, although it has had very connections with France in 250 years. The "[[Quiet Revolution]]" of the 1960s dramatically changed the province, as it modernized rapidly and the catholic Church lost most of its power and a large portion of its membership. A new sense of French nationalism emerged, calling for an independent nation and meanwhile forcing out most of the great business and banking corporations that were run by Anglo Canadians (they moved to [[Toronto]]).

The official language of the province is [[French]], although many residents are bilingual, speaking both French and [[English]]. Laws and regulations must be written in both English and French as per the Constitution Act of 1867. The provincial government has severely restricted the use of English in signage and schools.  

The official language of the province is [[French]], although many residents are bilingual, speaking both French and [[English]]. Laws and regulations must be written in both English and French as per the Constitution Act of 1867. The provincial government has severely restricted the use of English in signage and schools.  

London's plan was to assimilate the 80,000 or so French-speaking Canadiens, attract English settlers from America, introduce English laws and procedures, create freehold tenure (by which farmers would own land not merely rent it), impose anti-Catholic oaths, and set up an elected legislature. But the Americans did not arrive and the French wanted no part of British legal or political forms. The first governor, Sir James Murray, recognized reality, allowed Mgr Jean-Olivier Briand to become the Catholic bishop (1766) and provided lower courts where Canadiens could be jurors and lawyers.

London's plan was to assimilate the 80,000 or so French-speaking Canadiens, attract English settlers from America, introduce English laws and procedures, create freehold tenure (by which farmers would own land not merely rent it), impose anti-Catholic oaths, and set up an elected legislature. But the Americans did not arrive and the French wanted no part of British legal or political forms. The first governor, Sir James Murray, recognized reality, allowed Mgr Jean-Olivier Briand to become the Catholic bishop (1766) and provided lower courts where Canadiens could be jurors and lawyers.

A central theme in French Canadian historiography, especially as developed by the scholar Abbe Lionel Groulx in the mid-20th century, was the British Conquest of 1759. France abandoned Quebec, and rejected its own past by its anti-Catholic [[French Revolution]]. The Quebeckers became victims of British oppression and were targeted for assimilation. The short and long range goals of the people became simply "La Survivance", the survival of the nation. Groulx argues the energies of the people had to be fully mobilized for this struggle, with the Church taking the lead as an anti-colonial and passive resistance movement dedicated to the preservation of the true religion in North America.<ref> See Ronald Rudin, ''Making History in Twentieth-Century Quebec.'' (1997). ch 1</ref>

A central theme in French Canadian historiography, especially as developed by the scholar Abbe [[Lionel Groulx]] in the mid-20th century, was the British Conquest of 1759. France abandoned Quebec, and rejected its own past by its anti-Catholic [[French Revolution]]. The Quebeckers became victims of British oppression and were targeted for assimilation. The short and long range goals of the people became simply "La Survivance", the survival of the nation. Groulx argues the energies of the people had to be fully mobilized for this struggle, with the Church taking the lead as an anti-colonial and passive resistance movement dedicated to the preservation of the true religion in North America.<ref> See Ronald Rudin, ''Making History in Twentieth-Century Quebec.'' (1997). ch 1</ref>

====Quebec Act, 1774====

====Quebec Act, 1774====

* [http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/docs/index.htm Primary sources--texts]

* [http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/docs/index.htm Primary sources--texts]

* [http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/stats/index.htm Primary sources--statistics]]

* [http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/stats/index.htm Primary sources--statistics]]

====Notes====

====Notes====

[[Category:Canada]]

[[Category:Canada]]

[[Category:Canadian History]]

[[Category:Canadian History]]