Changes

The fishing admirals ruled until 1729, when the Royal Navy sent in its officers to govern during the fishing season.  

The fishing admirals ruled until 1729, when the Royal Navy sent in its officers to govern during the fishing season.  

By the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), France acknowledged that Newfoundland belonged to the [[British Empire]], but French fishermen were given the right to land and cure fish on the "French Shore" on the western coast. They had a permanent base on nearby St. Pierre and Miquelon islands; the French gave up their rights in 1904. In 1783, the British signed the Treaty of Paris with the United States that gave American fishermen similar rights along the coast. These rights were reaffirmed by treaties in 1818, 1854 and 1871 and confirmed by arbitration in 1910.

By the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), France acknowledged that Newfoundland belonged to the [[British Empire]], but French fishermen were given the right to land and cure fish on the "French Shore" on the western coast. They had a permanent base on nearby [[St. Pierre and Miquelon islands]]; the French gave up their rights in 1904. In 1783, the British signed the Treaty of Paris with the United States that gave American fishermen similar rights along the coast. These rights were reaffirmed by treaties in 1818, 1854 and 1871 and confirmed by arbitration in 1910.

 

===19th century===

===19th century===

Cod fishing remained dominant but sealing also became important after 1820, as specially designed ships sailed each spring to intercept the great herds of seals on their annual southern migrations. The northern outports grew in importance ("outport"  is used for all fishing ports except St. John's). By the 1850s new formed local banks became a source of credit, replacing the haphazard system of credit from local merchants.  Prosperity brought immigration, especially Catholics from Ireland who soon comprised 40% of the residents.  

Cod fishing remained dominant but sealing also became important after 1820, as specially designed ships sailed each spring to intercept the great herds of seals on their annual southern migrations. The northern outports grew in importance ("outport"  is used for all fishing ports except St. John's). By the 1850s new formed local banks became a source of credit, replacing the haphazard system of credit from local merchants.  Prosperity brought immigration, especially Catholics from Ireland who soon comprised 40% of the residents.