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The '''Protestant Irish''' or '''Scots-Irish''' or '''Scotch-Irish''' were immigrants from [[Ireland]] to [[America]] of [[Protestant]] background.  Most were [[Presbyterian]]s whose ancestors moved from [[Scotland]] to Ireland, especially the northeastern part that is today [[Northern Ireland]].  About 250,000 migrated in the period 1710-1770, heading especially to the frontier regions in the South where they were herders and farmers.<ref>Some of these had been Catholic in Ireland but became protestants in America.</ref>  They were often called "[[Yeomen|Yeomen]]". From 1800 to 1860 another 100,000 came to America, while others went to Canada.   

The '''Protestant Irish''' or '''Scots-Irish''' or '''Scotch-Irish''' were immigrants from [[Ireland]] to [[America]] of [[Protestant]] background.  Most were [[Presbyterian]]s whose ancestors moved from [[Scotland]] to Ireland, especially the northeastern part that is today [[Northern Ireland]].  About 250,000 migrated in the period 1710-1770, heading especially to the frontier regions in the South where they were herders and farmers.<ref>Some of these had been Catholic in Ireland but became protestants in America.</ref>  They were often called "[[Yeomen]]". From 1800 to 1860 another 100,000 came to America, while others went to Canada.   

They called themselves "Irish" --the term "Scots Irish" came later--and produced such notable politicians as [[Andrew Jackson]] (President 1829-37) and [[James Knox Polk]] (President 1845-49).  After 1850 or so they lost a sense of ethnicity and blended into the general population.  

They called themselves "Irish"—the term "Scots Irish" came later—and produced such notable politicians as [[Andrew Jackson]] (President 1829-37) and [[James Knox Polk]] (President 1845-49).  After 1850 or so they lost a sense of ethnicity and blended into the general population.  

About 45 million Americans are of Irish descent--and a majority are Protestants.  Originally most were Presbyterians. Today the largest number are [[Southern Baptist Convention|Baptists]], followed by [[United Methodist Church|Methodists]].

About 45 million Americans are of Irish descent—and a majority are Protestants.  Originally most were Presbyterians. Today the largest number are [[Southern Baptist Convention|Baptists]], followed by [[United Methodist Church|Methodists]].

Although the [[Orange Order]] was strong among Protestant Irish in Canada, it never caught hold in the United States.  There were relatively few instances of violence between the Catholic Irish and the protestant Irish--the most notable being riots in Philadelphia in 1844 and New York City in 1870 and 1871. [[File:Scots-irish.jpg|thumb|290px]]

Although the [[Orange Order]] was strong among Protestant Irish in Canada, it never caught hold in the United States.  There were relatively few instances of violence between the Catholic Irish and the protestant Irish—the most notable being riots in Philadelphia in 1844 and New York City in 1870 and 1871. [[File:Scots-irish.jpg|thumb|290px]]

==Presbyterians==

==Presbyterians==

* Blethen, Tyler ''Ulster and North America: Transatlantic perspectives on the Scotch-Irish'' (1999) online at ACLS History e-book project

* Blethen, Tyler ''Ulster and North America: Transatlantic perspectives on the Scotch-Irish'' (1999) online at ACLS History e-book project

* Fischer, David Hackett. ''Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'' (1991), major scholarly study tracing colonial roots of four groups of immigrants, Irish, English Puritans, English Cavaliers, and Quakers.

* Fischer, David Hackett. ''Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'' (1991), major scholarly study tracing colonial roots of four groups of immigrants, Irish, English Puritans, English Cavaliers, and Quakers.

* Glazier, Michael, ed. ''The Encyclopedia of the Irish in America,'' (1999), a good place to start--the most authoritative source, with essays by over 200 experts; covers both Catholics and Protestants.

* Glazier, Michael, ed. ''The Encyclopedia of the Irish in America,'' (1999), a good place to start—the most authoritative source, with essays by over 200 experts; covers both Catholics and Protestants.

* Griffin, Patrick. ''The People with No Name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish, and the Creation of a British Atlantic World, 1689-1764''. (2001)

* Griffin, Patrick. ''The People with No Name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish, and the Creation of a British Atlantic World, 1689-1764''. (2001)

* Kennedy, Billy. ''Scots Irish in Pennsylvania & Kentucky'' (1998) [http://www.amazon.com/Scots-Pennsylvania-Kentucky-Scots-Irish-Chronicles/dp/1840300329/ref=pd_sim_b_2#noop excerpt and text search], popular history  

* Kennedy, Billy. ''Scots Irish in Pennsylvania & Kentucky'' (1998) [http://www.amazon.com/Scots-Pennsylvania-Kentucky-Scots-Irish-Chronicles/dp/1840300329/ref=pd_sim_b_2#noop excerpt and text search], popular history  

* Noll, Mark; D. G. Hart, and Marilyn J. Westerkamp. "What Has Been Distinctly American about American Presbyterians?" ''Journal of Presbyterian History'' 2006 84(1): 6-22.  

* Noll, Mark; D. G. Hart, and Marilyn J. Westerkamp. "What Has Been Distinctly American about American Presbyterians?" ''Journal of Presbyterian History'' 2006 84(1): 6-22.  

* Webb, James. ''Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America'' (2004) by a popular novelist who is now Senator from Virginia; not considered reliable by scholars.

* Webb, James. ''Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America'' (2004) by a popular novelist who is now Senator from Virginia; not considered reliable by scholars.

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[[category:Ethnicities]]

[[Category:Ethnicities]]

[[category:Protestantism]]

[[Category:Protestantism]]

[[category:Presbyterians]]

[[Category:Presbyterians]]

[[category:Baptists]]

[[Category:Baptists]]

[[category:Methodism]]

[[Category:Methodism]]

[[category:The South]]

[[Category:The South]]

[[Category:Irish-Americans]]

[[Category:Irish-Americans]]