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Mao Zedong

2,895 bytes added, 20:56, November 23, 2020
/* Further reading */
| military =[[People's Liberation Army]]
| rank =Grand Marshal
| polbeliefs =Communism<br/>Maoism<br/>[[Mao Zedong Thought]]
| party =[[Communist Party of China]]
| dictatordate =October 1, 1949
| war =[[Chinese Civil War]]<br/>[[Great Leap Forward]]<br/>[[Cultural Revolution]]
| deathnumber =40Great Leap Forward (low estimate 8,000,000 to 80, Deng Xiaoping claimed 16,000,000; Mao: The Unknown Story claimed 38,000,000) Cultural Revolution (low estimate is 20,000,000 est. Rummel; Mao: 77The Unknown Story claimed 35,000,000)
}}
{{language box|c=毛泽东|p=Máo Zédōng|w=Mao Tse-tung}}'''Mao Zedong''' (December 26, 1893-September 9, 1976), also known as '''Mao Tse-tung''', was the leader of Chinese Communism and a ruthless [[Atheism|atheist]] dictator after he came to power in 1949. While not the founder, he was an early member of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in 1921. In 1935, Mao was elected to the Executive Committee of the [[Comintern]] in Moscow and remained on this committee until it was publicly disbanded in 1943. Mao is regarded as perhaps the most prolific [[mass murder]]er in human history, not even counting the inummerable unborn female fetuses whom he [[abortion|callously slaughtered]].<ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/20TH.HTM "20th Century Democide"]. ''hawaii.edu''. Retrieved on 20 October 2015.</ref>
==Soviet national liberation movement==
[[Edgar Snow]], an admirer of the Chinese communists, introduced Mao and [[Zhou Enlai]] to American readers in 1937 in his book, ''Red Star Over China'', shortly after the [[Chinese Red Army]]'s rout by [[Chiang Kai-shek]] in 1934 and their year long retreat to [[Yenan]] known as the [[Long March]]. Snow wrote, "The political ideology, tactical line and theoretical leadership of the Chinese Communists have been under the close guidance, if not positive detailed direction, of the [[Communist International]], which during the last decade has become virtually a bureau of the Russian Communist Party." And he further declared that the CCP had to subordinate itself to the "strategic requirements of [[Soviet Russia]], under the leadership of [[Stalin]]."<ref>''Red Star Over China'' by Edgar Snow, New York, 1937.</ref> In 1957, in ominous foreshadowing of his true callous nature, Mao Zedong boasted in his "American Imperialism is a Paper Tiger" speech regarding the prospect of China entering [[nuclear war]] that:
{{QuoteQuotebox|"I’m not afraid of nuclear war. There are 2.7 billion people in the world; it doesn’t matter if some are killed. China has a population of 600 million; even if half of them are killed, there are still 300 million people left. I’m not afraid of anyone.|Mao Zedong|"<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/maos-nuclear-mass-extinction-speech-aired-on-chinese-tv_4758.html</ref>}}
Mao defeated [[Chiang Kai-shek]]'s Nationalists, taking control of the Chinese mainland and establishing the so-called [[People's Republic of China]].
==Three Years of Disasters==
As the leader of China, Mao initiated the [[Great Leap Forward]], an economic plan intended to rapidly industrialize China's then largely rural economy. This led to an unprecedented famine. [[Deng Xiaoping]] claimed the death toll to be 16 million, while the lowest estimate is 8 million <ref>Mao: The Real Story by Alexander P. Pantsov with Steven I. Levine, pg. 472</ref> One cause was his 'Four Pests' campaign, which listed [[rats]], [[flies]], [[mosquitoes]], and [[sparrows]]. Because killing the sparrows encouraged insects to take out more crops, ornithologist Tso-hsin Cheng asked him to stop. ==Cult of personality==''The East Is Red'' is a song that was the de facto anthem of the People's Republic of China during the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s.{{quotebox|The East is Red, the sun is rising.From China, appears Mao Zedong.He strives for the people's happiness,Hurrah, he is the people's great saviour! Chairman Mao loves the people,He is our guideto building a [[New China]]Hurrah, lead us forward! The Communist Party is like the sun,Wherever it shines, it is brightWherever the Communist Party isHurrah, the people are liberated!}}
==Cultural Revolution==
{{language box|c=毛泽东|p=Máo Zédōng|w=Mao Tse-tung}}[[Image:Little red book.jpg|left|thumb|During the so-called [[Cultural Revolution|"Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution"]], it was required for every Chinese citizen From 1966 to own, read, and carry at all times ''Quotations from Chairman Mao'', also known as "the little red book".]]In 19661976, Mao instigated the [[Cultural Revolution]], in which those disloyal to the Chairman were killed or humiliated in order to solidify Mao's control. The low estimate for the death toll is 20 million.
==Mass Murder==
According to Estimates vary for the ''Washington Post'' (7/14/94):<blockquote>While most scholars are reluctant to estimate a total number death toll of "unnatural deaths" in China under Mao's regime, evidence shows he was in some way responsible as the low estimate for at least 40 million deaths and perhaps 80 million or more. This includes deaths he was directly responsible for and deaths resulting from disastrous policies he refused to change. </blockquote><blockquote>One government document that has been internally circulated and seen by a former Communist Party official now at Princeton University says that 80 million died unnatural deaths – most of them in the famine following the Great Leap Forward. This figure comes from the Tigaisuo, or the System Reform Institute, which was led by Zhao Ziyang, the deposed Communist Party chief, in the 1980s to study how to reform Chinese society. </blockquote><blockquote>In comparison, Hitler is blamed for 12 8 million concentration camp deaths and at least 30 though Deng Xiaoping claimed 16 million other deaths associated with World War II, while Stalin as the low estimate for the Cultural Revolution is believed responsible for between 30 20 million and 40 million “unnatural deaths,” including millions from a famine he created. </blockquote>
According to ''[[The Washington Post]]'' (7/14/94):
{{Quotebox|While most scholars are reluctant to estimate a total number of "unnatural deaths" in China under Mao, evidence shows he was in some way responsible for at least 40 million deaths and perhaps 80 million or more. This includes deaths he was directly responsible for and deaths resulting from disastrous policies he refused to change.}}
{{Quotebox|One government document that has been internally circulated and seen by a former Communist Party official now at Princeton University says that 80 million died unnatural deaths – most of them in the famine following the Great Leap Forward. This figure comes from the Tigaisuo, or the System Reform Institute, which was led by Zhao Ziyang, the deposed Communist Party chief, in the 1980s to study how to reform Chinese society.}}
{{quotebox|In comparison, [[Hitler]] is blamed for 12 million concentration camp deaths and at least 30 million other deaths associated with World War II, while Stalin is believed responsible for between 30 million and 40 million “unnatural deaths,” including millions from a famine he created.}}
[[File:Maoist Anita Dunn.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left|[[Obama]] [[White House]] Communications Director and [[Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign]] manager [[Anita Dunn]] was a great admirer of Chairman Mao and was deeply inspired by [[Maoist Thought]].<ref>https://legalinsurrection.com/2019/04/back-to-the-future-biden-hires-anita-dunn-former-obama-adviser-who-praised-mao/</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qDsrfy-Zvg Video of Obama Communications Director Claiming Mao One of Her Favorite Political Philosophers'] Video, YouTube. Retrieved October 29, 2009.</ref> ]]
The article also added:
<blockquote>{{quotebox|Sources of new information on the famine indicate it was more widespread than long believed and could have been avoided. }}</blockquote><blockquote>{{quotebox|— An article appearing last year in the Shanghai University journal Society stated that at least 40 million died from 1959 to 1961. Previous estimates have ranged from 10 million to 30 million. The article noted a mistake in government population statistics for 1960 that led to an underestimation of "unnatural deaths." Authorities later banned this issue of the journal and withdrew it from circulation. }}</blockquote><blockquote>{{quotebox|— In another study, National Defense University professor Cong Jin estimated that 40 million died between 1959 and 1961. }}</blockquote><blockquote>{{quotebox|— Chen Yizi of Princeton University’s Center for Modern China did research for years in China, first as a student and then as a government official, and determined that 43 million had died in the famine, a figure recently matched by a report from a think tank in Shanghai. According to Chen, this made the total number of Chinese who died as a result of Mao’s policies 80 million.<ref>[http://www.paulbogdanor.com/left/china/deaths1.html "Uncounted Millions"]. ''paulbogdanor.com''. Retrieved on 20 October 2015.</ref> }}Chairman Mao bluntly said,{{quotebox|“What can Emperor [[Qin Shi Huang]] brag about? He only killed 460 [[Confucius|Confucian]] scholars, but we killed 46,000 intellectuals. There are people who accuse us of practicing dictatorship like Emperor Qin Shi Huang, and we admit to it all. It fits the reality. It is a pity that they did not give us enough credit, so we need to add to it.”<ref>http:/blockquote/www.ninecommentaries.com/english-3</ref>}}This confirms the accuracy of democide analyst R.J. Rummel's research on China, who was citing the book ''Mao: The Unknown Story'' by Jung Chung and Jon Halliday. Taking every available estimate of Chinese democide by category and time period; averaging them out and adding them together; repeating the process several times; doing the same with other Communist states and comparing the results; Rummel estimated 77,000,000 Chinese were killed by Mao Tse-Tung, assuming 38 million famine-dead from 1959-611959–61.<ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/20TH.HTM "20th Century Democide"]. ''hawaii.edu''. Retrieved on 20 October 2015.</ref> Mao was responsible for more deaths than [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]], [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]], [[Pol Pot]], [[Nicolae Ceausescu|Ceausescu]], and [[Tito]] ''combined''. Despite this massive body count, Mao remains an icon for certain segments of the far-left. For example, his likeness and books are often seen at [[Occupy Wall Street]] events. [[Deng XiaopingImage:Little red book.jpg|right|thumb|During the so-called [[Cultural Revolution|"Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution"]] claimed the death toll of the famine , it was required for every Chinese citizen to be 16 millionown, while the lowest estimate is less than 10 million <ref>read, and carry at all times ''Quotations from Chairman Mao: The Real Story by Alexander P. Pantsov with Steven I. Levine'', pgalso known as "the little red book". 472</ref>]]
==Little Red Book==
== Mao Zedong and Traditional Chinese medicine ==
''See also:'' [[Atheism and unscientific medical practicesmedicine]] and [[Atheism and health]] 
The efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine is poorly researched and supported.<ref>Shang, A.; Huwiler, K.; Nartey, L.; Jüni, P.; Egger, M. (2007). "Placebo-controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine and conventional medicine comparative study". International Journal of Epidemiology. 36 (5): 1086–92. doi:10.1093/ije/dym119. PMID 17602184.</ref>
China has been aggressively promoting TCM on the international stage both for expanding its global influence and for profit.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevensalzberg/2018/10/01/who-endorses-tcm-expect-deaths-to-rise/#1f0c61f16418 WHO Endorses Traditional Chinese Medicine. Expect Deaths To Rise] by Steven Salzberg, Forbes magazine</ref>
 
==Quotes==
*"If we were to add up all the landlords, rich peasants, counterrevolutionaries, bad elements and rightists, their number would reach thirty million... Of our total population of six hundred million people, these thirty million are only one out of twenty. So what is there to be afraid of? ... We have so many people. We can afford to lose a few. What difference does it make?"<ref>Li Zhisui, The Private Life of Chairman Mao [Random House, 1994], p. 217.</ref>
*"You’d better have less conscience. Some of our comrades have too much mercy, not enough brutality, which means that they are not so Marxist. On this matter, we indeed have no conscience! Marxism is that brutal.”<ref>Jung Chang and Jon Halliday, Mao: The Unknown Story [Jonathan Cape, 2005], p. 411.</ref>
==See also==
* Esherick, Joseph W.; Pickowicz, Paul G.; and Walder, Andrew G., eds. ''The Chinese Cultural Revolution as History.'' (2006). 382 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Cultural-Revolution-Shorenstein-Asia-Pacific-Research/dp/0804753504/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197221379&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Fairbank, John King and Goldman, Merle. ''China: A New History.'' (2nd ed. 2006). 640 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/China-New-History-Second-Enlarged/dp/0674018281/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197346975&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Hsü, Immanuel Chung-yueh. ''The Rise of Modern China,'' 6th ed. (1999), highly detailed coverage of 1644-19991644–1999, in 1136pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Rise-Modern-China-Immanuel-Hsu/dp/0195125045/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1197238178&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Jian, Guo; Song, Yongyi; and Zhou, Yuan. ''Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Cultural Revolution.'' (2006). 433 pp.
* MacFarquhar, Roderick and Fairbank, John K., eds. ''The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 15: The People's Republic, Part 2: Revolutions within the Chinese Revolution, 1966-1982.'' (1992). 1108 pp.
* Yan, Jiaqi and Gao, Gao. ''Turbulent Decade: A History of the Cultural Revolution.'' (1996). 736 pp.
* [http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/chinesehistory/pgp/index.html Studies of Modern Chinese History: Reviews and Historiographical Essays]
 
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