Landgraf v. Usi Film Prods.
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Landgraf v. Usi Film Prods., 511 U.S. 244, 272-73 (1994), is an 8-1 U.S. Supreme Court decision which states the general rule about applying decisions prospectively only:
| “ | But while the constitutional impediments to retroactive civil legislation are now modest, prospectivity remains the appropriate default rule. Because it accords with widely held intuitions about how statutes ordinarily operate, a presumption against retroactivity will generally coincide with legislative and public expectations. Requiring clear intent assures that Congress itself has affirmatively considered the potential unfairness of retroactive application [****57] and determined that it is an acceptable price to pay for the countervailing benefits. Such a requirement allocates to Congress responsibility for fundamental policy judgments concerning the proper temporal reach of statutes, and has the additional virtue of giving legislators a predictable background rule against which to legislate. | ” |
