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/* Presidency */
{{President
|image=James garfieldGarfield by Curtis.jpg
|seq=20
|term_start=March 4, 1881
|term_end=September 19, 1881<ref>http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/jagarfield.html</ref>
|party=Republican
|vp=Chester A. Arthur
|religion=Church of Christ
}}
'''James Abram Garfield''' <ref>http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/jagarfield.html</ref> (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) was the 20th [[President of the United States of America]], serving less than a year in office. He was assassinated by a deranged gunman, [[Charles Julius Guiteau]], who may have sought to make the Vice President, [[Chester Arthur]], the next President. Garfield was the only president to serve as a clergyman while in the White House.<ref>http://www.kencollins.com/about/about.htm</ref>
==Early life==James Garfield suffered for weeks from was born on the lodging 19th of November 1831 in a log cabin in the bullet inside himlittle frontier town of Orange, first Cuyahoga county, Ohio. His early years were spent in the White House and then at a New Jersey seaside location. Alexander Graham Bell, inventor performance of the telephone, attempted such labour as fell to find the internal bullet with his own invention, an induction-balance electrical device. All attempts at removing lot of every farmer's son in the bullet were unsuccessfulnew states, and Garfield died in the acquisition of such education as could be had in the district schools held for a few weeks each winter. But life on September 19a farm was not to his liking, 1881 from an infection and internal hemorrhage.<ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jg20.html</ref> He served as President for six months at sixteen he left home and fifteeen daysset off to make a living in some other way.
==Early career==
A book of stories of adventure on the sea, which he read over and over again when a boy, had filled him with a longing for a seafaring life. He decided, therefore, to become a [[sailor]], and, in 1848, tramping across the country to Cleveland, Ohio, he sought employment from the captain of a lake schooner. But the captain drove him from the deck, and, wandering on in search of work, he fell in with a canal boatman who engaged him. During some months young Garfield served as bowsman, deck-hand and driver of a canal boat. An attack of the ague sent him home, and on recovery, having resolved to attend a high school and fit himself to become a teacher, he passed the next four years in a hard struggle with poverty and in an earnest effort to secure an education, studying for a short time in the Geauga Seminary at Chester, Ohio. He worked as a teacher, a carpenter and a farmer; studied for a time at the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute at Hiram, Ohio, which afterward became Hiram College, and finally entered Williams College. On graduation, in 1856, Garfield became professor of ancient languages and literature in the Eclectic Institute at Hiram, and within a year had risen to the presidency of the institution.
==References=Politics===Soon afterwards he entered political life. In the early days of the Republican party, when the shameful scenes of the Kansas struggle were exciting the whole country, and during the campaigns of 1857 and 1858, he became known as an effective speaker and ardent anti-slavery man. His reward for his services was election in 1859 to the Ohio Senate as the member from Portage and Summit counties. When the “cotton states” seceded, Garfield appeared as a warm supporter of vigorous measures. He was one of the six Ohio senators who voted against the proposed amendment to the Federal Constitution (Feb. 28th, 1861) forbidding any constitutional amendment which should give Congress the power to abolish or interfere with slavery in any state; he upheld the right of the government to coerce seceded states; defended the “Million War Bill” appropriating a million dollars for the state's military expenses; and when the call came for 75,000 troops, he moved that Ohio furnish 20,000 soldiers and three millions of dollars as her share.
==External links==
* [https://librivox.org/author/11291 Works by James Garfield - text and free audio] - [[LibriVox]]
{{USPresidents}}
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[[Category:Republican PartyRepublicans]]