Difference between revisions of "Jair Bolsonaro"

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'''Jair Messias Bolsonaro''' (born March 21, 1955) is the president of [[Brazil]]. He is a strongly [[conservative]] and anti-[[establishment]]<ref name="TropicalTrump">Newman, Alex (September 3, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/south-america/item/29946-tropical-trump-bolsonaro-may-be-brazil-s-next-president “Tropical Trump” Bolsonaro May Be Brazil's Next President]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 3, 2018.</ref><ref name="GlobalistsFreak"/><ref name="5Policies"/><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics/brazils-bolsonaro-says-political-class-is-an-impediment-idUSKCN1SQ1VA Brazil's Bolsonaro says political class is an impediment]. ''Reuters''. May 20, 2019. Retrieved May 20, 2019.</ref> former congressman and retired army captain.  He often invokes [[God]] in his speeches.
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'''Jair Messias Bolsonaro''' (born March 21, 1955) is the president of [[Brazil]]. He is a strongly [[conservative]] and anti-[[establishment]]<ref name="TropicalTrump">Newman, Alex (September 3, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/south-america/item/29946-tropical-trump-bolsonaro-may-be-brazil-s-next-president “Tropical Trump” Bolsonaro May Be Brazil's Next President]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 3, 2018.</ref><ref name="GlobalistsFreak"/><ref name="5Policies"/><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics/brazils-bolsonaro-says-political-class-is-an-impediment-idUSKCN1SQ1VA Brazil's Bolsonaro says political class is an impediment]. ''Reuters''. May 20, 2019. Retrieved May 20, 2019.</ref> former congressman and retired army captain.  He often invokes [[God]] in his speeches, and is known as the "Trump of the Tropics."<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-45746013</ref>
  
He supports the right of all non-criminals to own firearms and proposed this as one of his first initiatives upon taking the office of president.  One of his favorite expressions is "combater o lixo marxista," which means "to fight the [[marxist]] garbage."<ref>https://twitter.com/jairbolsonaro/status/1079686972673806336</ref>
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He supports the right of all non-criminals to own firearms and proposed this as one of his first initiatives upon taking the office of president.  One of his favorite expressions is "combater o lixo marxista," which means "fight the [[marxist]] garbage."<ref>https://twitter.com/jairbolsonaro/status/1079686972673806336</ref>
  
 
==Life and career==
 
==Life and career==
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The Left used the same tactics and made the same attacks against Bolsonaro as it did against U.S. President Donald Trump.<ref>Wood, L. Todd (March 8, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/8/left-wing-anti-trump-playbook-brazil-jairbolsonaro/ Left using anti-Trump playbook against Brazil's new conservative president]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 10, 2019.</ref>
 
The Left used the same tactics and made the same attacks against Bolsonaro as it did against U.S. President Donald Trump.<ref>Wood, L. Todd (March 8, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/8/left-wing-anti-trump-playbook-brazil-jairbolsonaro/ Left using anti-Trump playbook against Brazil's new conservative president]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 10, 2019.</ref>
  
In Bolsonaro's first 100 days in office, analysts agreed that he kept more campaign promises than, at least, his two most recent predecessors.<ref>Alves, Lise (April 10, 2019). [https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/national-politics/100-days-of-bolsonaro-administration-campaign-promises/ 100 Days of Bolsonaro Administration: Campaign Promises]. ''The Rio Times''. Retrieved April 11, 2019.</ref>
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In Bolsonaro's first 100 days in office, analysts agreed that he kept more campaign promises than, at least, his two most recent predecessors.<ref>Alves, Lise (April 10, 2019). [https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/national-politics/100-days-of-bolsonaro-administration-campaign-promises/ 100 Days of Bolsonaro Administration: Campaign Promises]. ''The Rio Times''. Retrieved April 11, 2019.</ref> He promoted conservative policies in his first year.<ref>Savarese, Mauricio; Jeantet, Diane (December 31, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/31/brazils-bolsonaro-keeps-far-right-entering-tough-2/ Brazil's Bolsonaro keeps to far right, faces tough 2nd year]. 'The Washington Times'' (from the ''Associated Press''). Retrieved December 31, 2019.</ref>
  
 
====Gun rights====
 
====Gun rights====
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====Crime====
 
====Crime====
 
Bolsonaro sent soldiers to the province of Ceará to put down major gang violence.<ref>Kew, Ben (January 7, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/01/07/violence-rages-northern-brazil-bolsonaro-deploys-military/ Violence Rages in Northern Brazil as Bolsonaro Deploys Military]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.</ref>
 
Bolsonaro sent soldiers to the province of Ceará to put down major gang violence.<ref>Kew, Ben (January 7, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/01/07/violence-rages-northern-brazil-bolsonaro-deploys-military/ Violence Rages in Northern Brazil as Bolsonaro Deploys Military]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.</ref>
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In Christmas 2019, Bolsonaro issued a pardon to police officers convicted of involuntary crimes – committed out of self-defense.<ref>Biller, David (December 24, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/24/brazils-bolsonaro-grants-police-officers-christmas/ Brazil's Bolsonaro grants police officers Christmas pardon]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 24, 2019.</ref>
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On Christmas Day 2019, Bolsonaro signed a major bill cracking down on crime.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-anti-crime/bolsonaro-signs-anti-crime-bill-designed-to-tackle-violence-in-brazil-idUSKBN1YT0MF Bolsonaro signs anti-crime bill designed to tackle violence in Brazil]. ''Reuters''. December 25, 2019. Retrieved December 25, 2019.</ref> On December 27, 2019, Bolsonaro signed a bill removing jail time as a possible punishment for military police and firefighters convicted of disciplinary offenses.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics/bolsonaro-signs-law-ending-disciplinary-detention-for-military-police-and-firefighters-idUSKBN1YV0XX Bolsonaro signs law ending disciplinary detention for military police and firefighters]. ''Reuters''. December 27, 2019. Retrieved December 27, 2019.</ref>
  
 
====Economy, deregulation, and bureaucracy====
 
====Economy, deregulation, and bureaucracy====
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*McGeever, Jamie (February 28, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-latam-stocks-poll/brazil-stocks-to-enjoy-prolonged-bolsonaro-boost-mexico-more-muted-reuters-poll-idUSKCN1QH0OS Brazil stocks to enjoy prolonged Bolsonaro boost, Mexico more muted: Reuters poll]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved February 28, 2019.</ref><ref name="Deliver">Lima, Mario Sergio; Biller, David (January 2, 2019). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-02/brazilian-assets-soar-as-bolsonaro-starts-to-deliver-on-promises Brazilian Assets Soar as Bolsonaro Starts to Deliver on Promises]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved January 2, 2019.</ref> and business optimism to increase.<ref>Harris, Bryan (April 11, 2019). [https://www.ft.com/content/c897ee82-5a02-11e9-9dde-7aedca0a081a Brazil’s business optimism bounces back under Bolsonaro]. ''Financial Times''. Retrieved April 12, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro's government promised to privatize about 100 government-run industries.<ref>Kew, Ben (January 4, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/economy/2019/01/04/brazils-bolsonaro-pledges-privatize-many-industries-possible/ Brazil’s Bolsonaro Pledges to Privatize as Many Industries as Possible]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 5, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-infrastructure/brazil-plans-to-privatize-or-liquidate-100-state-run-companies-idUSKCN1P2197 Brazil plans to privatize or liquidate 100 state-run companies]. ''Reuters''. January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2019.</ref> In his first few days in office, Bolsonaro abolished Brazil's labor department.<ref name="FirstDays"/>
 
*McGeever, Jamie (February 28, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-latam-stocks-poll/brazil-stocks-to-enjoy-prolonged-bolsonaro-boost-mexico-more-muted-reuters-poll-idUSKCN1QH0OS Brazil stocks to enjoy prolonged Bolsonaro boost, Mexico more muted: Reuters poll]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved February 28, 2019.</ref><ref name="Deliver">Lima, Mario Sergio; Biller, David (January 2, 2019). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-02/brazilian-assets-soar-as-bolsonaro-starts-to-deliver-on-promises Brazilian Assets Soar as Bolsonaro Starts to Deliver on Promises]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved January 2, 2019.</ref> and business optimism to increase.<ref>Harris, Bryan (April 11, 2019). [https://www.ft.com/content/c897ee82-5a02-11e9-9dde-7aedca0a081a Brazil’s business optimism bounces back under Bolsonaro]. ''Financial Times''. Retrieved April 12, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro's government promised to privatize about 100 government-run industries.<ref>Kew, Ben (January 4, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/economy/2019/01/04/brazils-bolsonaro-pledges-privatize-many-industries-possible/ Brazil’s Bolsonaro Pledges to Privatize as Many Industries as Possible]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 5, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-infrastructure/brazil-plans-to-privatize-or-liquidate-100-state-run-companies-idUSKCN1P2197 Brazil plans to privatize or liquidate 100 state-run companies]. ''Reuters''. January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2019.</ref> In his first few days in office, Bolsonaro abolished Brazil's labor department.<ref name="FirstDays"/>
  
Bolsonaro has promoted Brazil as an emerging free market society, criticizing his predecessors and stating that "the left wing will not prevail."<ref>Kew, Ben (January 22, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/01/22/jair-bolsonaro-declares-new-brazil-davos-left-will-not-prevail/ Jair Bolsonaro Introduces ‘New Brazil’ at Davos: ‘The Left Will Not Prevail’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 23, 2019.</ref>
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Bolsonaro has promoted Brazil as an emerging free-market society, criticizing his predecessors and stating that "the left wing will not prevail."<ref>Kew, Ben (January 22, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/01/22/jair-bolsonaro-declares-new-brazil-davos-left-will-not-prevail/ Jair Bolsonaro Introduces ‘New Brazil’ at Davos: ‘The Left Will Not Prevail’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 23, 2019.</ref>
  
 
Bolsonaro worked to reduce socialistic environmental regulations.<ref>Spring, Jake (May 8, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/ex-ministers-blast-bolsonaro-for-dismantling-brazils-environment-protections-idUSKCN1SE2IQ Ex-ministers blast Bolsonaro for dismantling Brazil's environment protections]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref>
 
Bolsonaro worked to reduce socialistic environmental regulations.<ref>Spring, Jake (May 8, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/ex-ministers-blast-bolsonaro-for-dismantling-brazils-environment-protections-idUSKCN1SE2IQ Ex-ministers blast Bolsonaro for dismantling Brazil's environment protections]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref>
  
 
After Brazil's congress rejected President Bolsonaro's decree to transfer indigenous land decisions to the Agriculture Department, Bolsonaro issued another decree reinstating this policy in June 2019.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-indigenous/brazils-bolsonaro-hands-indigenous-land-decisions-back-to-farm-sector-idUSKCN1TK37O Brazil's Bolsonaro hands indigenous land decisions back to farm sector]. ''Reuters''. June 19, 2019. Retrieved June 19, 2019.</ref>
 
After Brazil's congress rejected President Bolsonaro's decree to transfer indigenous land decisions to the Agriculture Department, Bolsonaro issued another decree reinstating this policy in June 2019.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-indigenous/brazils-bolsonaro-hands-indigenous-land-decisions-back-to-farm-sector-idUSKCN1TK37O Brazil's Bolsonaro hands indigenous land decisions back to farm sector]. ''Reuters''. June 19, 2019. Retrieved June 19, 2019.</ref>
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Under Bolsonaro's presidency, Brazil's congress passed a major pension reform bill to improve the country's financial situation.<ref>Multiple references:
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*McGeever, Jamie; Marcello, Maria Carolina (October 22, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-pension/brazils-bolsonaro-heralds-great-day-as-senate-approves-pension-reform-idUSKBN1X11UT Brazil's Bolsonaro heralds 'great day' as Senate approves pension reform]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
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*Marcello, Maria Carolina; McGeever, Jamie (October 23, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-pensions/brazil-pension-reform-awaits-ratification-after-clearing-senate-idUSKBN1X2290 Brazil pension reform awaits ratification after clearing Senate]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved October 23, 2019.</ref>
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Under Bolsonaro, Brazil saw an increase in economic growth and investment.<ref>Multiple references:
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*Lewis, Jeffrey T. (December 3, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/investors-tune-out-discord-to-embrace-brazils-economic-turnaround-11575369000 Investors Tune Out Discord to Embrace Brazil’s Economic Turnaround]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
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*Lewis, Jeffrey T.; Trevisani, Paulo (December 3, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazils-economy-expands-at-fastest-pace-in-six-quarters-11575377914 Brazil’s Economy Expands at Fastest Pace in Six Quarters]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 3, 2019.</ref>
  
 
====Education====
 
====Education====
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*[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/brazil-s-new-right-wing-government-asks-schools-read-out-n975901 Brazil's new right-wing government asks schools to read aloud a President Bolsonaro slogan]. ''NBC News'' (from ''Reuters''). February 25, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
 
*[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/brazil-s-new-right-wing-government-asks-schools-read-out-n975901 Brazil's new right-wing government asks schools to read aloud a President Bolsonaro slogan]. ''NBC News'' (from ''Reuters''). February 25, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
 
Brazil's education department revised its policy after criticism:
 
Brazil's education department revised its policy after criticism:
*Phillips, Dom (February 26, 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/26/brazil-education-minister-bolsonaro-slogan-students-recite Outrage after Brazil ministry asks schools to read aloud Bolsonaro slogan]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved March 1, 2019.</ref> and he encouraged students to call out their teachers when they promoted left-wing content.<ref>Kaiser, Anna Jean (May 3, 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/03/brazil-schools-teachers-indoctrination-jair-bolsonaro Call for students to film 'biased' teachers brings Brazil's culture wars to classroom]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro has attempted to remove left-wing bias from the history content in Brazilian schools.<ref>Pearson, Samantha (April 12, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/bolsonaro-takes-aim-at-brazils-history-11555080030 Bolsonaro Takes Aim at Brazil’s History]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved April 12, 2019.</ref>
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*Phillips, Dom (February 26, 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/26/brazil-education-minister-bolsonaro-slogan-students-recite Outrage after Brazil ministry asks schools to read aloud Bolsonaro slogan]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved March 1, 2019.</ref> and he encouraged students to call out their teachers when they promoted left-wing content.<ref>Kaiser, Anna Jean (May 3, 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/03/brazil-schools-teachers-indoctrination-jair-bolsonaro Call for students to film 'biased' teachers brings Brazil's culture wars to classroom]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro has attempted to remove left-wing bias from the history content in Brazilian schools.<ref>Pearson, Samantha (April 12, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/bolsonaro-takes-aim-at-brazils-history-11555080030 Bolsonaro Takes Aim at Brazil’s History]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved April 12, 2019.</ref> In September 2019, Bolsonaro announced his administration would draft legislation to ban far-left gender ideology indoctrination in public schools.<ref>Barillas, Martin M. (September 10, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazilian-president-moves-to-protect-schoolkids-from-lgbt-gender-ideology Brazilian president moves to protect schoolkids from LGBT gender ideology]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved September 10, 2019.</ref>
  
 
President Bolsonaro succeeded in increasing security and reducing left-wing influences in Brazil's public schools.<ref>Watson, Katy (May 7, 2019). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-48039435 How Brazil's culture wars are being waged in classrooms]. ''BBC News''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref>
 
President Bolsonaro succeeded in increasing security and reducing left-wing influences in Brazil's public schools.<ref>Watson, Katy (May 7, 2019). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-48039435 How Brazil's culture wars are being waged in classrooms]. ''BBC News''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref>
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President Bolsonaro abolished the culture ministry shortly after assuming office.<ref>Neuendorf, Henri (January 9, 2019). [https://news.artnet.com/art-world/brazil-disbands-ministry-culture-1434835 Brazil’s New Right-Wing President Jair Bolsonaro Has Disbanded the Country’s Ministry of Culture]. ''Artnet News''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.</ref><ref>Angeleti, Gabriella (January 9, 2019). [https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/brazilian-culture-ministry-bolsonaro-osmar-terra Jair Bolsonaro’s government extinguishes Brazilian ministry of culture]. ''The Art Newspaper''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.</ref>
 
President Bolsonaro abolished the culture ministry shortly after assuming office.<ref>Neuendorf, Henri (January 9, 2019). [https://news.artnet.com/art-world/brazil-disbands-ministry-culture-1434835 Brazil’s New Right-Wing President Jair Bolsonaro Has Disbanded the Country’s Ministry of Culture]. ''Artnet News''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.</ref><ref>Angeleti, Gabriella (January 9, 2019). [https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/brazilian-culture-ministry-bolsonaro-osmar-terra Jair Bolsonaro’s government extinguishes Brazilian ministry of culture]. ''The Art Newspaper''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.</ref>
  
Pro-life Brazilian governmental officials vocally supported pro-life policies at the UN.<ref>[https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazilian-pro-life-voices-make-themselves-heard-at-un-womens-conference Brazilian pro-life voices make themselves heard at UN women’s conference]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''Campaign Life Coalition''). March 26, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.</ref>
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Pro-life Brazilian governmental officials vocally supported pro-life policies at the UN.<ref>[https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazilian-pro-life-voices-make-themselves-heard-at-un-womens-conference Brazilian pro-life voices make themselves heard at UN women’s conference]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''Campaign Life Coalition''). March 26, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro's government criticized the [[World Health Organization]] for pro-abortion guidelines.<ref>Gennarini, Stefano (October 11, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazilian-minister-says-world-health-orgs-abortion-guidelines-risk-girls-lives Brazilian minister says World Health Org’s abortion guidelines risk girls’ lives]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</ref>
  
 
President Bolsonaro made numerous changes to environmental policy.<ref>Jeantet, Diane (May 15, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/6ba1d372640641749278a3054f3a47d4 AP Explains: Brazil’s environmental changes under Bolsonaro]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved May 15, 2019.</ref> In May 2019, he fired a far-left activist from his role as the leader of a government-controlled climate change group.<ref>Spring, Jake (May 10, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/brazils-bolsonaro-fires-militant-head-of-climate-change-action-group-idUSKCN1SG2BT Brazil's Bolsonaro fires 'militant' head of climate change action group]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved May 10, 2019.</ref> He accused left-wing NGOs of manipulating deforestation statistics to make his record look bad,<ref>Kew, Ben (August 22, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/08/22/brazil-bolsonaro-suggests-ngos-started-amazon-wildfires-after-cutting-their-funding/ Brazil: Bolsonaro Suggests NGO’s Started Amazon Wildfires After Cutting Their Funding]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 22, 2019.<br>See also:
 
President Bolsonaro made numerous changes to environmental policy.<ref>Jeantet, Diane (May 15, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/6ba1d372640641749278a3054f3a47d4 AP Explains: Brazil’s environmental changes under Bolsonaro]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved May 15, 2019.</ref> In May 2019, he fired a far-left activist from his role as the leader of a government-controlled climate change group.<ref>Spring, Jake (May 10, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/brazils-bolsonaro-fires-militant-head-of-climate-change-action-group-idUSKCN1SG2BT Brazil's Bolsonaro fires 'militant' head of climate change action group]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved May 10, 2019.</ref> He accused left-wing NGOs of manipulating deforestation statistics to make his record look bad,<ref>Kew, Ben (August 22, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/08/22/brazil-bolsonaro-suggests-ngos-started-amazon-wildfires-after-cutting-their-funding/ Brazil: Bolsonaro Suggests NGO’s Started Amazon Wildfires After Cutting Their Funding]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 22, 2019.<br>See also:
*Kew, Ben (August 23, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/08/23/amazon-fires-brazils-bolsonaro-urges-macron-stop-meddling-after-he-threatens-veto-trade-deal/ Amazon Fires: Brazil’s Bolsonaro Urges Macron to Stop Meddling After He Threatens to Veto Trade Deal]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 23, 2019.</ref> though he later sent soldiers to stop fires in the Amazon.<ref>De Souza, Marcelo Silva (August 24, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/526be768cbab450c9dabc394e662cb32 Brazilian troops begin deploying to fight Amazon fires]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
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*Kew, Ben (August 23, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/08/23/amazon-fires-brazils-bolsonaro-urges-macron-stop-meddling-after-he-threatens-veto-trade-deal/ Amazon Fires: Brazil’s Bolsonaro Urges Macron to Stop Meddling After He Threatens to Veto Trade Deal]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
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*Richardson, Valerie (August 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/29/nasa-area-burned-by-global-wildfires-dropped-by-25/ NASA: Area burned by global wildfires dropped by 25% since 2003]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
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*Richardson, Valerie (August 26, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/26/amazon-fires-normal-agriculture-despite-internatio/ Annual Amazon farmland burn sets records for international outrage]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
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*[https://twitter.com/lyndseyfifield/status/1167114222247075847 Lyndsey Fifield]. ''Twitter''. August 29, 2019. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
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*[https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145464/fires-in-brazil Fires in Brazil]. ''Earthobservatory.nasa.gov''. August 22, 2019. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
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*Murphy, James (November 30, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/south-america/item/34189-brazil-s-bolsonaro-puts-blame-for-some-amazon-fires-on-hollywood-s-leonardo-dicaprio Brazil’s Bolsonaro Puts Blame for Some Amazon Fires on Hollywood’s Leonardo DiCaprio]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
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*Mass, Warren (December 11, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/tech/environment/item/34301-brazil-s-president-dares-to-call-greta-thunberg-a-brat Brazil’s President Dares to Call Greta Thunberg a Brat]. ''The New American''. Retrieved December 11, 2019.</ref> though he later sent soldiers to stop fires in the Amazon.<ref>De Souza, Marcelo Silva (August 24, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/526be768cbab450c9dabc394e662cb32 Brazilian troops begin deploying to fight Amazon fires]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
 
*Smits, Jeanne (August 30, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/blogs/global-elites-myths-and-lies-about-amazon-fires-burning-hot-and-heavy Global elites’ myths and lies about Amazon fires burning hot and heavy]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved August 30, 2019.</ref>
 
*Smits, Jeanne (August 30, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/blogs/global-elites-myths-and-lies-about-amazon-fires-burning-hot-and-heavy Global elites’ myths and lies about Amazon fires burning hot and heavy]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved August 30, 2019.</ref>
  
On May 21, 2019, President Bolsonaro signed a proclamation consecrating Brazil to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.<ref>Barillas, Martin M. (May 23, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazilian-president-signs-proclamation-consecrating-nation-to-virgin-mary Brazilian president signs proclamation consecrating nation to Virgin Mary]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved May 23, 2019.</ref>
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On May 21, 2019, President Bolsonaro signed a proclamation consecrating Brazil to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.<ref>Barillas, Martin M. (May 23, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazilian-president-signs-proclamation-consecrating-nation-to-virgin-mary Brazilian president signs proclamation consecrating nation to Virgin Mary]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved May 23, 2019.</ref> At a speech at the UN General Assembly in September 2020, Bolsonaro stated that Brazil "is a Christian and conservative country" and called on the world to fight "Christophobia."<ref>Martel, Frances (September 22, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2020/09/22/bolsonaro-urges-u-n-to-fight-christophobia-brazil-is-a-christian-country/ Bolsonaro Urges U.N. to Fight ‘Christophobia’: ‘Brazil Is a Christian Country’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 22, 2020.</ref>
  
 
====Foreign policy====
 
====Foreign policy====
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See also:
 
See also:
 
*Danan, Deborah (March 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2019/03/31/brazils-bolsonaro-to-netanyahu-i-love-israel/ Brazil’s Bolsonaro to Netanyahu: ‘I Love Israel’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
 
*Danan, Deborah (March 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2019/03/31/brazils-bolsonaro-to-netanyahu-i-love-israel/ Brazil’s Bolsonaro to Netanyahu: ‘I Love Israel’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
*Bedard, Paul (March 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/brazil-to-relocate-embassy-to-jerusalem-despite-pushback Brazil to relocate embassy to Jerusalem despite ‘pushback’]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 31, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro became the first Brazilian president to visit the [[Western Wall]] while being accompanied by a senior Israeli official.<ref>Multiple references:
+
*Bedard, Paul (March 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/brazil-to-relocate-embassy-to-jerusalem-despite-pushback Brazil to relocate embassy to Jerusalem despite ‘pushback’]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
 +
*Danan, Deborah (December 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2019/12/15/brazil-to-move-embassy-to-jerusalem-presidents-son-vows-at-opening-of-trade-mission/ Brazil Opens Trade Office in Jerusalem Ahead of Expected Embassy Move]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
 +
*Roberts, Katabella (December 16, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/brazil-opens-trade-office-in-jerusalem-after-pledge-to-relocate-embassy-by-2020_3175341.html Brazil Opens Trade Office in Jerusalem After Pledge to Relocate Embassy by 2020]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
 +
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-brazil-embassy/netanyahu-says-brazil-committed-to-move-embassy-to-jerusalem-in-2020-idUSKBN1YJ0IS Netanyahu says Brazil committed to move embassy to Jerusalem in 2020]. ''Reuters''. December 15, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro became the first Brazilian president to visit the [[Western Wall]] while being accompanied by a senior Israeli official.<ref>Multiple references:
 
*Danan, Deborah (April 2, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2019/04/02/in-first-brazils-bolsonaro-visits-western-wall-with-netanyahu/ WATCH: In First, Brazil’s Bolsonaro Visits Western Wall with Netanyahu]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
 
*Danan, Deborah (April 2, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2019/04/02/in-first-brazils-bolsonaro-visits-western-wall-with-netanyahu/ WATCH: In First, Brazil’s Bolsonaro Visits Western Wall with Netanyahu]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
 
*Rosenberg, Ilan; Paraguassu, Lisandra (April 1, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-brazil/bolsonaro-visits-western-wall-palestinians-angry-at-jerusalem-mission-idUSKCN1RD2OW Bolsonaro visits Western Wall, Palestinians angry at Jerusalem mission]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved April 2, 2019.</ref>
 
*Rosenberg, Ilan; Paraguassu, Lisandra (April 1, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-brazil/bolsonaro-visits-western-wall-palestinians-angry-at-jerusalem-mission-idUSKCN1RD2OW Bolsonaro visits Western Wall, Palestinians angry at Jerusalem mission]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved April 2, 2019.</ref>
Line 237: Line 258:
 
*Paris, Francesca (January 9, 2019). [https://www.npr.org/2019/01/09/683634412/brazilian-president-bolsonaro-withdraws-from-u-n-compact-on-migration Brazilian President Bolsonaro Withdraws From U.N. Compact On Migration]. ''NPR''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
 
*Paris, Francesca (January 9, 2019). [https://www.npr.org/2019/01/09/683634412/brazilian-president-bolsonaro-withdraws-from-u-n-compact-on-migration Brazilian President Bolsonaro Withdraws From U.N. Compact On Migration]. ''NPR''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
 
*Londoño, Ernesto (January 9, 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/09/world/americas/bolsonaro-brazil-migration-accord.html Bolsonaro Pulls Brazil From UN Migration Accord]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
 
*Londoño, Ernesto (January 9, 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/09/world/americas/bolsonaro-brazil-migration-accord.html Bolsonaro Pulls Brazil From UN Migration Accord]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-migration/brazil-quits-u-n-migration-pact-will-still-take-in-venezuelan-refugees-source-idUSKCN1P22G0 Brazil quits U.N. migration pact, will still take in Venezuelan refugees: source]. ''Reuters''. January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2019.</ref> In a 2019 speech to the trade organization Mercosur, Bolsonaro advocated for national sovereignty.<ref>Martel, Frances (July 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2019/07/18/bolsonaro-trump-mercosur-speech/ Bolsonaro Channels Trump to South American Trade Bloc: ‘I Want Brazil to Be Great’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 18, 2019.</ref>
+
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-migration/brazil-quits-u-n-migration-pact-will-still-take-in-venezuelan-refugees-source-idUSKCN1P22G0 Brazil quits U.N. migration pact, will still take in Venezuelan refugees: source]. ''Reuters''. January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2019.</ref> In a 2019 speech to the trade organization Mercosur, Bolsonaro advocated for national sovereignty,<ref>Martel, Frances (July 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2019/07/18/bolsonaro-trump-mercosur-speech/ Bolsonaro Channels Trump to South American Trade Bloc: ‘I Want Brazil to Be Great’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 18, 2019.</ref> and he did the same at a [[United Nations General Assembly]] speech later that year in which he also criticized socialism.<ref>Multiple references:
 +
*Pearson, Samantha; Lewis, Jeffrey T. (September 24, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazils-bolsonaro-defends-right-to-develop-amazon-11569338624 Brazil’s Bolsonaro Defends Right to Develop Amazon]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
 +
*Martel, Frances (September 24, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/environment/2019/09/24/bolsonaro-asks-u-n-to-fight-colonialist-macron-environmentalists-on-amazon-fires/ Bolsonaro Asks U.N. to Fight ‘Colonialist’ Macron, Environmentalists on Amazon Fires]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 25, 2019.
 +
*Laurence, Lianne (September 25, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/brazils-president-slams-socialism-defends-sovereignty-in-hard-hitting-un-address Brazil’s president slams socialism, defends sovereignty in hard-hitting UN address]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved September 25, 2019.</ref>
  
 
President Bolsonaro extradited a communist terrorist to Italy, where he had been wanted for several decades.<ref>Tomlinsom, Chris (January 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2019/01/15/communist-terrorist-cesare-battisti-arrives-italy-fulfilling-bolsonaro-promise/ Brazil’s Bolsonaro Fulfils Promise to Italy’s Salvini, Hands Over Communist Terrorist]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.</ref> He refused to recognize [[Nicolás Maduro]]'s Marxist Venezuelan government after a disputed election.<ref>Kew, Ben (January 14, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/01/14/brazil-recognizes-venezuelan-assembly-leader-rightful-president/ Brazil Recognizes Venezuelan Assembly Leader as Rightful President]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.<br>See also:
 
President Bolsonaro extradited a communist terrorist to Italy, where he had been wanted for several decades.<ref>Tomlinsom, Chris (January 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2019/01/15/communist-terrorist-cesare-battisti-arrives-italy-fulfilling-bolsonaro-promise/ Brazil’s Bolsonaro Fulfils Promise to Italy’s Salvini, Hands Over Communist Terrorist]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.</ref> He refused to recognize [[Nicolás Maduro]]'s Marxist Venezuelan government after a disputed election.<ref>Kew, Ben (January 14, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/01/14/brazil-recognizes-venezuelan-assembly-leader-rightful-president/ Brazil Recognizes Venezuelan Assembly Leader as Rightful President]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.<br>See also:
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-politics-brazil/brazils-bolsonaro-formally-recognizes-venezuelan-opposition-envoy-idUSKCN1T5312 Brazil's Bolsonaro formally recognizes Venezuelan opposition envoy]. ''Reuters''. June 4, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.</ref>
+
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-politics-brazil/brazils-bolsonaro-formally-recognizes-venezuelan-opposition-envoy-idUSKCN1T5312 Brazil's Bolsonaro formally recognizes Venezuelan opposition envoy]. ''Reuters''. June 4, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.</ref> In November 2019, Brazil under Bolsonaro was one of only three countries to vote against an annual UN resolution condemning U.S. sanctions on Cuba.<ref>Lederer, Edith M. (November 7, 2019). [https://apnews.com/966ea6e0d9f74c5f8b246702f2f75acf UN votes overwhelmingly to condemn US embargo on Cuba]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved November 7, 2019.</ref>
  
 
Bolsonaro's first foreign trip was to the United States rather than Argentina, breaking a Brazilian precedent.<ref>[https://www.scmp.com/news/world/united-states-canada/article/3002295/brazil-leader-jair-bolsonaro-woos-donald-trump Brazil leader Jair Bolsonaro woos Donald Trump, opens base to US rockets, visits CIA and dines with Steve Bannon]. ''South China Morning Post''. Retrieved March 19, 2019.<br>See also:
 
Bolsonaro's first foreign trip was to the United States rather than Argentina, breaking a Brazilian precedent.<ref>[https://www.scmp.com/news/world/united-states-canada/article/3002295/brazil-leader-jair-bolsonaro-woos-donald-trump Brazil leader Jair Bolsonaro woos Donald Trump, opens base to US rockets, visits CIA and dines with Steve Bannon]. ''South China Morning Post''. Retrieved March 19, 2019.<br>See also:
Line 246: Line 270:
  
 
Bolsonaro, however, advocated for and advanced plans for a monetary union between Brazil and Argentina, something which would reduce Brazilian national sovereignty.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-economy-currency/brazils-bolsonaro-doubles-down-on-monetary-union-with-argentina-idUSKCN1T81II Brazil's Bolsonaro doubles down on monetary union with Argentina]. ''Reuters''. June 7, 2019. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref>
 
Bolsonaro, however, advocated for and advanced plans for a monetary union between Brazil and Argentina, something which would reduce Brazilian national sovereignty.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-economy-currency/brazils-bolsonaro-doubles-down-on-monetary-union-with-argentina-idUSKCN1T81II Brazil's Bolsonaro doubles down on monetary union with Argentina]. ''Reuters''. June 7, 2019. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref>
 +
 +
Bolsonaro adopted a weak position on China as president, contrasting with the strong position he took during his campaign,<ref>Multiple references:
 +
*Biller, David; Jeantet, Diane (November 13, 2019). [https://apnews.com/e99b67b41fe8478a9e513d39f2168a5a Economy in mind, Bolsonaro changes tack and cozies up to Xi]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
 +
*Trevisani, Paulo (November 15, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazil-deepens-china-ties-in-about-face-11573772734 Brazil Deepens China Ties in About-Face]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 17, 2019.</ref><ref name="ChinaBrazilTrade2019">Hayward, John (November 14, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/11/14/bolsonaro-expands-free-trade-china-threatening-brazilian-industry/ Bolsonaro Expands ‘Free Trade’ with China, Threatening Brazilian Industry]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.</ref> and some conservatives criticized him for this.<ref>Brian, Paul (November 1, 2019). [https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/even-latin-americas-trump-is-kowtowing-to-the-chinese/ Even Latin America’s Trump is Kowtowing to the Chinese]. ''The American Conservative''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.</ref> Additionally, Bolsonaro adopted a trade policy more in line with the [[establishment]] that also threatened Brazilian industry.<ref name="ChinaBrazilTrade2019"/><ref>Multiple references:
 +
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brics-summit-brazil/bolsonaro-says-brazils-trade-policy-is-realistic-and-pragmatic-idUSKBN1XO24Y Bolsonaro says Brazil's trade policy is realistic and pragmatic]. ''Reuters''. November 14, 2019. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
 +
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brics-summit-bolsonaro/bolsonaro-says-wants-no-role-for-brazil-in-u-s-china-trade-war-idUSKBN1XO1XY Bolsonaro says wants no role for Brazil in U.S.-China trade war]. ''Reuters''. November 14, 2019. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
 +
*Hayward, John (November 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/11/15/bolsonaro-brazil-will-stay-out-of-u-s-china-trade-dispute/ Bolsonaro: Brazil Will Stay Out of U.S.-China Trade Dispute]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.</ref>
  
 
====Other====
 
====Other====
In August 2019, after disestablishing a left-wing Cuban slave doctor program, Bolsonaro created a Doctors for Brazil program, giving medical jobs to Brazilians.<ref>Martel, Frances (August 2, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2019/08/02/bolsonaro-cuban-slave-doctor-program-created-guerrilla-cells-brazil/ Bolsonaro: Cuban Slave Doctor Program Created ‘Guerrilla Cells’ in Brazil]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 3, 2019.</ref>
+
In August 2019, after disestablishing a left-wing Cuban slave doctor program, Bolsonaro created a Doctors for Brazil program, giving medical jobs to Brazilians.<ref>Martel, Frances (August 2, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2019/08/02/bolsonaro-cuban-slave-doctor-program-created-guerrilla-cells-brazil/ Bolsonaro: Cuban Slave Doctor Program Created ‘Guerrilla Cells’ in Brazil]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 3, 2019.</ref> In 2019, Bolsonaro ended visa requirements for tourists and business people from China, India, the United States, Canada, Japan, and Australia.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-visas/brazil-says-it-will-no-longer-require-visas-from-chinese-indian-citizens-idUSKBN1X32AX Brazil says it will no longer require visas from Chinese, Indian citizens]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved October 27, 2019.</ref>
 +
 
 +
In December 2019, Bolsonaro signed an order allowing small farmers to gain the title of the land they farm.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-landrights/brazils-bolsonaro-moves-on-land-titles-for-small-farmers-idUSKBN1YE2R1 Brazil's Bolsonaro moves on land titles for small farmers]. ''Reuters''. December 10, 2019. Retrieved December 10, 2019.</ref>
  
 
==Views==
 
==Views==
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*Martel, Frances (December 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2018/12/28/brazil-bolsonaro-invites-china-inaugural-calling-coalition-communism/ Brazil: Bolsonaro Invites China to Inaugural After Calling for Coalition Against Communism]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
 
*Martel, Frances (December 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2018/12/28/brazil-bolsonaro-invites-china-inaugural-calling-coalition-communism/ Brazil: Bolsonaro Invites China to Inaugural After Calling for Coalition Against Communism]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
 
*Martel, Frances (January 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2019/01/03/china-brags-brazils-bolsonaro-wants-better-better-ties-beijing/ China Brags: Brazil’s Bolsonaro Wants ‘Better and Better’ Ties with Beijing]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 3, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro was critical of the [[globalist]] [[Mercosur]] trade agreement,<ref>Adghirni, Samy; Gamarski, Rachel (October 17, 2018). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-17/after-nafta-rewrite-brazil-s-bolsonaro-eyes-mercosur-overhaul After Nafta Rewrite, Brazil’s Bolsonaro Eyes Mercosur Changes]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved November 2, 2018.</ref> though he continued integrating Brazil into the organization.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-argentina-brazil-bolsonaro/brazils-bolsonaro-says-mercosur-will-soon-sign-eu-trade-deal-idUSKCN1T72BV Brazil's Bolsonaro says Mercosur will soon sign EU trade deal]. ''Reuters''. June 6, 2019. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro is strongly [[anti-communist]], even stating in a speech after his election as president that he had "an obligation" to fight communism in Latin America.<ref>Martel, Frances (December 10, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2018/12/10/bolsonaro-brazil-obligation-help-latin-america-fight-communism/ Bolsonaro: Brazil Has ‘an Obligation’ to Help Latin America Fight Communism]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 11, 2018.<br>See also:
 
*Martel, Frances (January 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2019/01/03/china-brags-brazils-bolsonaro-wants-better-better-ties-beijing/ China Brags: Brazil’s Bolsonaro Wants ‘Better and Better’ Ties with Beijing]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 3, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro was critical of the [[globalist]] [[Mercosur]] trade agreement,<ref>Adghirni, Samy; Gamarski, Rachel (October 17, 2018). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-17/after-nafta-rewrite-brazil-s-bolsonaro-eyes-mercosur-overhaul After Nafta Rewrite, Brazil’s Bolsonaro Eyes Mercosur Changes]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved November 2, 2018.</ref> though he continued integrating Brazil into the organization.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-argentina-brazil-bolsonaro/brazils-bolsonaro-says-mercosur-will-soon-sign-eu-trade-deal-idUSKCN1T72BV Brazil's Bolsonaro says Mercosur will soon sign EU trade deal]. ''Reuters''. June 6, 2019. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref> Bolsonaro is strongly [[anti-communist]], even stating in a speech after his election as president that he had "an obligation" to fight communism in Latin America.<ref>Martel, Frances (December 10, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2018/12/10/bolsonaro-brazil-obligation-help-latin-america-fight-communism/ Bolsonaro: Brazil Has ‘an Obligation’ to Help Latin America Fight Communism]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 11, 2018.<br>See also:
*Martel, Frances (December 22, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2018/12/22/brazils-conservatives-turn-ambitions-towards-global-anti-socialist-alliance/ Brazil’s Conservatives Turn Ambitions Towards Global Anti-Socialist Alliance]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 22, 2018.</ref> He has made similar statements on the need for him to fight the Left.<ref>Preissler Iglesias, Simone (March 18, 2019). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-18/bolsonaro-calls-for-an-end-to-communism-on-visit-to-washington Bolsonaro Sees Himself Ending ‘Dirty Ideology of the Left’ in Brazil]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved March 18, 2019.</ref>
+
*Martel, Frances (December 22, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2018/12/22/brazils-conservatives-turn-ambitions-towards-global-anti-socialist-alliance/ Brazil’s Conservatives Turn Ambitions Towards Global Anti-Socialist Alliance]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 22, 2018.</ref> He has made similar statements on the need for him to fight the Left.<ref>Preissler Iglesias, Simone (March 18, 2019). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-18/bolsonaro-calls-for-an-end-to-communism-on-visit-to-washington Bolsonaro Sees Himself Ending ‘Dirty Ideology of the Left’ in Brazil]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved March 18, 2019.</ref> While opposed to Venezuela's Marxist regime, he has been skeptical of pursuing military action in the country as it would not be in Brazil's interests.<ref>Iglesias, Simone Preissler; Adghirni, Samy (September 26, 2019). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-26/bolsonaro-rules-out-venezuela-intervention-citing-vietnam-war Bolsonaro Rules Out Venezuela Intervention, Citing Vietnam War]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.</ref>
  
 
Bolsonaro is a critic of the left-wing [[mainstream media]].<ref>Boadle, Anthony; Slattery, Gram (November 4, 2018). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-media/brazils-next-president-declares-war-on-fake-news-media-idUSKCN1N90NN Brazil's next president declares war on 'fake news' media]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved November 4, 2018.</ref>
 
Bolsonaro is a critic of the left-wing [[mainstream media]].<ref>Boadle, Anthony; Slattery, Gram (November 4, 2018). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics-media/brazils-next-president-declares-war-on-fake-news-media-idUSKCN1N90NN Brazil's next president declares war on 'fake news' media]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved November 4, 2018.</ref>
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== References ==
 
== References ==
 
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{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}
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{{Conservative Presidents}}
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{{Nationalism}}
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[[Category:Current Heads of State]]
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[[Category:Current Heads of Government]]

Revision as of 23:39, October 22, 2020

Jair Messias Bolsonaro
Jair Bolsonaro official photo.jpg
38th President of Brazil
From: January 1, 2019 – present
Vice President Hamilton Mourão
Predecessor Michel Temer
Successor Incumbent (no successor)
Information
Party Social Liberal Party
Spouse(s) Rogéria Nantes Braga (div.)
Ana Cristina Valle (div.)
Michelle Bolsonaro
Religion Catholic
Military Service
Allegiance Brazil
Service/branch Army
Service Years 1971–1988
Rank Captain
Commands 8th Field Artillery Group
9th Parachute Artillery Group

Jair Messias Bolsonaro (born March 21, 1955) is the president of Brazil. He is a strongly conservative and anti-establishment[1][2][3][4] former congressman and retired army captain. He often invokes God in his speeches, and is known as the "Trump of the Tropics."[5]

He supports the right of all non-criminals to own firearms and proposed this as one of his first initiatives upon taking the office of president. One of his favorite expressions is "combater o lixo marxista," which means "fight the marxist garbage."[6]

Life and career

Bolsonaro was born in the municipality of Glicério in São Paulo. He is of Italian descent. Bolsonaro served in Brazil's military from 1971 to 1988, graduating from Agulhas Negras Military Academy in 1977. Afterward, he served in Rio de Janeiro's city council from 1989 to 1991, and in Brazil's congress starting in 1991.

Bolsonaro has changed parties several times in his career, something not unusual considering the large number of parties in Brazil, along with the fact that conservative parties in the country tend to be weak. He was a member of the Progressive Party. The most leftist members of that party usually classify it as a PSNN (Progressista Só No Nome - Progressive In Name Only, PLINO). In March 2016, he left PP to join Social Christian Party, and he later joined the Social Liberal Party. All of these parties are conservative or conservative-leaning despite their names.

During the voting of the Dilma Rousseff in the Congress, on April 17, 2016, Bolsonaro dedicated his vote to Brilhante Ustra, the only militair that was declared by the Justice as a "torturer", and who allegedly was the torturer of Rousseff in the 1970s. Jean Wyllys, after he voted, spat on Bolsanaro.[7]

2018 presidential election

Results of the 2nd round of the 2018 presidential election

Bolsonaro successfully ran for the Brazilian presidency in 2018.[8] He tried in 2014, but the leaders of his party decided to support the Marxist government of Dilma Rousseff. Among the presidential proposals, Bolsonaro called for closing unnecessary ministries (such as Ministry of Finance, which keeps the government in control of the economy, and the Defense Ministry, which creates military subordination to political), the reduction of state in all its spheres, the free market, homeschooling, the neutral point of view in schools, private health, pro-gun rights,[3][9] the prohibition of same-sex "marriage" and abortion. He also ran on a strong anti-corruption program.[3][10][11][12][13][14]

During the 2018 election campaign, Bolsonaro survived an attempted assassination attempt, being stabbed.[15]

Bolsonaro won 46% of the vote in the election's first round, significantly better than polls predicted and less than four percentage points to winning the election outright.[16] His party performed very well in the congressional and gubernatorial elections held the same day.[17] Bolsonaro's campaign had strong momentum going into the runoff,[18] and he received strong support from evangelical Christians.[19]

Bolsonaro won the election runoff with about 55% of the vote, marking a major shift in Brazilian[2][20] and Latin American[21] politics. He was congratulated by U.S. President Donald Trump[22] and Italian Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini,[23] among others. According to Brazilian professor Dawisson Belém Lopes, Brazil had elected "the most right wing leader of any democracy in the world."[24]

President of Brazil

Transition and inauguration

Even before his inauguration, Bolsonaro had already begun making conservative changes.[25] Among his other actions in preparation for assuming office, he nominated Ernesto Araújo, a pro-Trump nationalist, to be his foreign minister.[26] He also nominated an evangelical pro-lifer pastor to be his minister in charge of family, women, and indigenous issues.[27] Overall, his cabinet was comprised of conservatives and military men.[28] Bolsonaro was inaugurated on January 1, 2019, declaring in his inauguration speech that Brazil would now be "liberated from socialism, inverted values, the bloated state and political correctness."[29]

Tenure

Bolsonaro's presidency represented a unique opportunity for Brazil to advance conservative policies and improve the standard of living.[30] He made many changes just in the first few days of his tenure.[31] In his first address in front of Brazil's congress, Bolsonaro stated that "we are going to unite the people, value the family, respect religions and our Judeo-Christian tradition, combat gender ideology, conserving our values," and he mentioned his campaign slogan of "Brazil first and God above everything."[32]

The Left used the same tactics and made the same attacks against Bolsonaro as it did against U.S. President Donald Trump.[33]

In Bolsonaro's first 100 days in office, analysts agreed that he kept more campaign promises than, at least, his two most recent predecessors.[34] He promoted conservative policies in his first year.[35]

Gun rights

Bolsonaro announced that upon assuming office, he would sign a decree to allow all Brazilians to own firearms if they do not have a criminal record,[36] something he did on January 15, 2019.[37] On May 7, 2019, Bolsonaro signed another decree, increasing the amount of ammunition Brazilians could buy and reducing restrictions on gun imports.[38] On June 25, 2019, Bolsonaro reversed the May order, seeing that Brazil's congress would reject it.[39][40]

Crime

Bolsonaro sent soldiers to the province of Ceará to put down major gang violence.[41]

In Christmas 2019, Bolsonaro issued a pardon to police officers convicted of involuntary crimes – committed out of self-defense.[42]

On Christmas Day 2019, Bolsonaro signed a major bill cracking down on crime.[43] On December 27, 2019, Bolsonaro signed a bill removing jail time as a possible punishment for military police and firefighters convicted of disciplinary offenses.[44]

Economy, deregulation, and bureaucracy

Immediately upon assuming office, President Bolsonaro weakened the department protecting "indigenous rights," and instead promoting integration into Brazilian society, economic development, and improving indigenous quality of life.[45][46] He also signed several decrees promoting the free market, including reducing a planned minimum wage increase, reducing the number of ministries, and firing partisan civil service officers,[47] actions which caused Brazil's stock market to rise significantly[48][49] and business optimism to increase.[50] Bolsonaro's government promised to privatize about 100 government-run industries.[51][52] In his first few days in office, Bolsonaro abolished Brazil's labor department.[31]

Bolsonaro has promoted Brazil as an emerging free-market society, criticizing his predecessors and stating that "the left wing will not prevail."[53]

Bolsonaro worked to reduce socialistic environmental regulations.[54]

After Brazil's congress rejected President Bolsonaro's decree to transfer indigenous land decisions to the Agriculture Department, Bolsonaro issued another decree reinstating this policy in June 2019.[55]

Under Bolsonaro's presidency, Brazil's congress passed a major pension reform bill to improve the country's financial situation.[56]

Under Bolsonaro, Brazil saw an increase in economic growth and investment.[57]

Education

He also signed a decree eliminating the "diversity" division of Brazil's education ministry and created a new division to promote literacy,[58] the decree being signed as Bolsonaro vowed "to tackle the Marxist garbage" in Brazilian schools.[59] In February 2019, Bolsonaro announced it would revise public school textbooks to remove left-wing propaganda, including references to homosexuality and feminism.[60] On February 25, 2019, the Education Ministry under Bolsonaro instructed schools to have students sing the national anthem and that teachers read a patriotic statement to students,[61] and he encouraged students to call out their teachers when they promoted left-wing content.[62] Bolsonaro has attempted to remove left-wing bias from the history content in Brazilian schools.[63] In September 2019, Bolsonaro announced his administration would draft legislation to ban far-left gender ideology indoctrination in public schools.[64]

President Bolsonaro succeeded in increasing security and reducing left-wing influences in Brazil's public schools.[65]

Social issues

On his first day in office, President Bolsonaro signed a decree removing LGBT issues from the list of concerns of the human rights ministry,[46][66] and he signed another decree increasing oversight over NGOs and international organizations, which he argued inhibited indigenous integration into Brazilian society.[67]

President Bolsonaro created a national week to raise awareness of teen pregnancy in order to prevent it.[68]

In January 2019, President Bolsonaro announced he would end a program to create an "indigenous cryptocurrency."[69]

President Bolsonaro abolished the culture ministry shortly after assuming office.[70][71]

Pro-life Brazilian governmental officials vocally supported pro-life policies at the UN.[72] Bolsonaro's government criticized the World Health Organization for pro-abortion guidelines.[73]

President Bolsonaro made numerous changes to environmental policy.[74] In May 2019, he fired a far-left activist from his role as the leader of a government-controlled climate change group.[75] He accused left-wing NGOs of manipulating deforestation statistics to make his record look bad,[76] though he later sent soldiers to stop fires in the Amazon.[77]

On May 21, 2019, President Bolsonaro signed a proclamation consecrating Brazil to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.[78] At a speech at the UN General Assembly in September 2020, Bolsonaro stated that Brazil "is a Christian and conservative country" and called on the world to fight "Christophobia."[79]

Foreign policy

Bolsonaro and U.S. President Donald Trump in March 2019

On his first day in office, President Bolsonaro signed a decree giving Brazil's government strong oversight over international organizations operating in Brazil.[67] Meanwhile, Brazil's foreign minister, Ernesto Araújo, stated that Brazil would reject globalism and oversight by international organizations.[49][80] In January 2019, Bolsonaro stated Brazil would move its embassy in Israel to Jerusalem,[81] though in March 2019, he announced Brazil would open a trade office in Jerusalem "as a part of its embassy in Israel."[82] Bolsonaro became the first Brazilian president to visit the Western Wall while being accompanied by a senior Israeli official.[83]

In January 2019, President Bolsonaro withdrew Brazil from the UN Migrant Treaty, citing a desire to protect the country's national sovereignty.[84] In a 2019 speech to the trade organization Mercosur, Bolsonaro advocated for national sovereignty,[85] and he did the same at a United Nations General Assembly speech later that year in which he also criticized socialism.[86]

President Bolsonaro extradited a communist terrorist to Italy, where he had been wanted for several decades.[87] He refused to recognize Nicolás Maduro's Marxist Venezuelan government after a disputed election.[88] In November 2019, Brazil under Bolsonaro was one of only three countries to vote against an annual UN resolution condemning U.S. sanctions on Cuba.[89]

Bolsonaro's first foreign trip was to the United States rather than Argentina, breaking a Brazilian precedent.[90]

Bolsonaro, however, advocated for and advanced plans for a monetary union between Brazil and Argentina, something which would reduce Brazilian national sovereignty.[91]

Bolsonaro adopted a weak position on China as president, contrasting with the strong position he took during his campaign,[92][93] and some conservatives criticized him for this.[94] Additionally, Bolsonaro adopted a trade policy more in line with the establishment that also threatened Brazilian industry.[93][95]

Other

In August 2019, after disestablishing a left-wing Cuban slave doctor program, Bolsonaro created a Doctors for Brazil program, giving medical jobs to Brazilians.[96] In 2019, Bolsonaro ended visa requirements for tourists and business people from China, India, the United States, Canada, Japan, and Australia.[97]

In December 2019, Bolsonaro signed an order allowing small farmers to gain the title of the land they farm.[98]

Views

In its eighth consecutive term, Jair Bolsonaro is one of the most admired personalities and at the same time one of the most hated in Brazil. Bolsonaro is the most conservative and right-wing politician on the Brazilian political spectrum, and for defending Christian,[99][100] family,[101] traditional and conservative values, has been falsely labeled by the Brazilian media as "Nazi",[102] "homophobic",[103] "racist",[104] "fascist",[105] "sexist"[106] and "white supremacist". The international mainstream media has also been extremely biased against Bolsonaro.[107] He has been compared to U.S. President Donald Trump and even has the nickname "Tropical Trump."[1][10][108]

Bolsonaro takes strongly pro-life positions,[99][101][109] and he is critical of Carnival because of its immoral and degenerate practices.[110] He supports strong law and order policies on crime,[111] and he has a good relationship with Brazil's military.[112] He accurately condemns national socialism as a left-wing ideology.[113]

When he was first elected for the first time, Bolsonaro had a more friendly stance toward economic interventionism. Over the years, however, Bolsonaro has come to strongly support limited government, a free market without bureaucracy, and privatization.[3][11][114][115]

On foreign policy issues, Bolsonaro has voiced support for nationalist policies similar to those of President Trump,[3][116][117] and he views the United States positively.[118] Bolsonaro takes strongly pro-Israel positions,[99][101][119] supporting moving Brazil's embassy to Jerusalem, something he affirmed he would do after his election,[120][121] and closing the "Palestinian" embassy in Brazil.[122][123] He is seen as a critic of China,[124] Venezuela,[125] and Cuba.[126] However, after his election, he stated that he welcomed increased Chinese investment and trade.[127] Bolsonaro was critical of the globalist Mercosur trade agreement,[128] though he continued integrating Brazil into the organization.[129] Bolsonaro is strongly anti-communist, even stating in a speech after his election as president that he had "an obligation" to fight communism in Latin America.[130] He has made similar statements on the need for him to fight the Left.[131] While opposed to Venezuela's Marxist regime, he has been skeptical of pursuing military action in the country as it would not be in Brazil's interests.[132]

Bolsonaro is a critic of the left-wing mainstream media.[133]

While originally pledging to leave the globalist Paris climate agreement, Bolsonaro later retracted that conservative promise.[134]

Personal life

Bolsonaro has been married three times, and he has five children, with his three oldest sons – including Eduardo Bolsonaro – also serving as conservative elected officials. Bolsonaro has been baptized in the Jordan River.[135]

See also

References

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