Difference between revisions of "Civilization"

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A '''civilization''' needs a form of government (a set of laws), a form of education, skilled workers, an agricultural surplus to feed the skilled workers, law enforcement, economy, and a currency or trading system.
 
A '''civilization''' needs a form of government (a set of laws), a form of education, skilled workers, an agricultural surplus to feed the skilled workers, law enforcement, economy, and a currency or trading system.
  
Civilization has also been defined by [[Clyde Kluckhohn]] as having "three essential criteria for civilization: towns containing more than 5000 people, writing, and monumental ceremonial centers".<ref>http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture1b.html</ref>
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Civilization has also been defined by Clyde Kluckhohn as having "three essential criteria for civilization: towns containing more than 5000 people, writing, and monumental ceremonial centers".<ref>http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture1b.html</ref>
  
 
In order to attain these prerequisites a group of humans must have climbed up the ladder of [[Technological Development]] necessary to attain them.
 
In order to attain these prerequisites a group of humans must have climbed up the ladder of [[Technological Development]] necessary to attain them.
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*'''Urbanism''' - There must be cities to have civilization.
 
*'''Urbanism''' - There must be cities to have civilization.
 
*'''Politics''' - There must be something to bring the people together.
 
*'''Politics''' - There must be something to bring the people together.
*'''Religion''' - There must be a code of conduct or standard of [[morality]] to maintain civilization.
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*'''Religion''' - There must be a code of conduct or standard of [[morality]] to maintain civilization (see also: [[Atheism and its anti-civilizational effects]]).
  
*People with common language, customs, government, and economy, earliest in [[Mesopotamia]] 3000 BC.
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*People with common language, customs, government, and economy, earliest in [[Mesopotamia]] 2300 BC, Northeast China (the Liao civilization), Peru (Norte Chico civilization), and Egypt.
  
 
====Positives====
 
====Positives====
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*Tyrannical rule
 
*Tyrannical rule
 
*Conscription & War
 
*Conscription & War
 
== Timeline ==
 
 
* 6200 BC: Liao civilization begins in Northeast China
 
* c. 3200 BC: Sumer
 
* 3200 BC: [[Norte Chico civilization]] begins in [[Peru]]
 
* 3200 BC: Rise of [[Proto-Elamite]] Civilization in [[Iran]]
 
* 3200 BC: Newgrange built in Ireland.
 
* 3200 BC: Cycladic civilization in Greece
 
* 3150 BC: First Dynasty of Egypt
 
*3100 BC: Skara Brae in Scotland
 
*3000 BC: Jiroft civilization begins in Iran
 
* 2800 BC: Kot Diji phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins
 
*2800 BC: Longshan culture in China
 
*2700 BC: Minoan Civilization ancient palace city Knossos reach 80,000 inhabitants
 
*2700 BC: Rise of Elam in Iran
 
*2600 BC: Mature Harappan phase of the Indus Valley civilization (in present-day Pakistan and India) begins
 
*2600 BC: Emergence of Maya culture in the Yucatán Peninsula
 
*2334 or 2270 BC: Akkadian Empire is founded, dating depends upon whether the Middle chronology or the Short chronology is used.
 
*1900 BC: Erlitou culture in China
 
*1600 BC: Minoan civilization on Crete is destroyed by the Minoan eruption of Santorini island.
 
*1600 BC: Mycenaean Greece
 
*1600 BC: The beginning of Shang Dynasty in China, evidence of a fully developed Chinese writing system
 
*1400-400 BC: Olmec civilization flourishes in Pre-Columbian Mexico, during Mesoamerica's Formative period
 
*1200 BC: The Hallstatt culture
 
*1000 BC: Nok culture in West Africa
 
*800 BC: Rise of Greek city-states
 
*c.785 BC: Rise of the Kingdom of Kush
 
  
 
==Western civilization==
 
==Western civilization==
  
[[Bernard Lewis]] wrote, {{lewis-heir-civ}}
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[[Bernard Lewis]] wrote, "... the United States is the legitimate heir of European civilization and the recognized and unchallenged leader of the West."<ref>[http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1990/09/the-roots-of-muslim-rage/304643/?single_page=true]</ref>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==

Latest revision as of 18:49, August 2, 2019

A civilization needs a form of government (a set of laws), a form of education, skilled workers, an agricultural surplus to feed the skilled workers, law enforcement, economy, and a currency or trading system.

Civilization has also been defined by Clyde Kluckhohn as having "three essential criteria for civilization: towns containing more than 5000 people, writing, and monumental ceremonial centers".[1]

In order to attain these prerequisites a group of humans must have climbed up the ladder of Technological Development necessary to attain them.

Three major attributes of every civilization include:

  • Urbanism - There must be cities to have civilization.
  • Politics - There must be something to bring the people together.
  • Religion - There must be a code of conduct or standard of morality to maintain civilization (see also: Atheism and its anti-civilizational effects).
  • People with common language, customs, government, and economy, earliest in Mesopotamia 2300 BC, Northeast China (the Liao civilization), Peru (Norte Chico civilization), and Egypt.

Positives

  • More people, more sedentary, more predicable
  • More & Better food, clothing, and shelter
  • Lifespan increases
  • Sophisticated religion and technology

Negatives

  • Tyrannical rule
  • Conscription & War

Western civilization

Bernard Lewis wrote, "... the United States is the legitimate heir of European civilization and the recognized and unchallenged leader of the West."[2]

References

External links