Text of The Communist Manifesto - Revision history

RobSmith: /* POSITION OF THE COMMUNISTS IN RELATION TO THE VARIOUS EXISTING OPPOSITION PARTIES */

2020-06-06T22:49:16Z

POSITION OF THE COMMUNISTS IN RELATION TO THE VARIOUS EXISTING OPPOSITION PARTIES

Dataclarifier: linked asceticism

2020-01-28T20:01:47Z

linked asceticism

RobSmith: /* PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS */

2019-03-12T03:03:18Z

PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS

Dataclarifier: /* BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS */ linked cosmopolitan

2018-01-18T07:11:58Z

BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS: linked cosmopolitan

DavidB4-bot: /* PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS */Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: Nevertheless → Nevertheless,

2016-09-07T17:17:41Z

PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS: Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: Nevertheless → Nevertheless,

DavidB4-bot: clean up & uniformity

2016-06-27T06:46:41Z

clean up & uniformity

Show changes

RobSmith at 01:08, June 17, 2011

2011-06-17T01:08:03Z

RobSmith: wiki

2011-06-17T01:01:39Z

wiki

RJJensen at 20:23, January 16, 2010

2010-01-16T20:23:29Z

TK: Copied from U.K. English text, so not just the language, but U.K. spelling.

2010-01-14T09:39:52Z

Copied from U.K. English text, so not just the language, but U.K. spelling.

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 WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!
+{{communism}}
 [[Category:Historical Documents]]
 [[Category:Communism]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:01, January 28, 2020
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	As the parson has ever gone hand in hand with the landlord, so has Clerical Socialism with Feudal Socialism.		As the parson has ever gone hand in hand with the landlord, so has Clerical Socialism with Feudal Socialism.

−	Nothing is easier than to give Christian asceticism a Socialist tinge. Has not Christianity declaimed against private property, against marriage, against the State? Has it not preached in the place of these, charity and poverty, celibacy and mortification of the flesh, monastic life and Mother Church? Christian Socialism is but the holy, water with which the priest consecrates the heart-burnings of the aristocrat.	+	Nothing is easier than to give Christian [[Ascesis\|asceticism]] a Socialist tinge. Has not Christianity declaimed against private property, against marriage, against the State? Has it not preached in the place of these, charity and poverty, celibacy and mortification of the flesh, monastic life and Mother Church? Christian Socialism is but the holy, water with which the priest consecrates the heart-burnings of the aristocrat.

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 The French Revolution, for example, abolished feudal property in favour of bourgeois property.
-The distinguishing feature of Communism is not the abolition of property generally, but the abolition of bourgeois property. But modern bourgeois private property is the final and most complete expression of the system of producing and appropriating products, that is based on class antagonisms, on the exploitation of the many by the few.
+The distinguishing feature of Communism is not the abolition of property generally, but the abolition of bourgeois property. But modern bourgeois [[private property]] is the final and most complete expression of the system of producing and appropriating products, that is based on class antagonisms, on the exploitation of the many by the few.
 In this sense, the theory of the Communists may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property.

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 The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the whole surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connexions everywhere.
-The bourgeoisie has through its exploitation of the world-market given a cosmopolitan character to production and consumption in every country.  To the great chagrin of Reactionists, it has drawn from under the feet of industry the national ground on which it stood.  All old-established national industries have been destroyed or are daily being destroyed.  They are dislodged by new industries, whose introduction becomes a life and death question for all civilised nations, by industries that no longer work up indigenous raw material, but raw material drawn from the remotest zones; industries whose products are consumed, not only at home, but in every quarter of the globe.  In place of the old wants, satisfied by the productions of the country, we find new wants, requiring for their satisfaction the products of distant lands and climes.  In place of the old local and national seclusion and self-sufficiency, we have intercourse in every direction, universal inter-dependence of nations.  And as in material, so also in intellectual production.  The intellectual creations of individual nations become common property.  National one-sidedness and narrow-mindedness become more and more impossible, and from the numerous national and local literatures, there arises a world literature.
+The bourgeoisie has through its exploitation of the world-market given a [[cosmopolitan]] character to production and consumption in every country.  To the great chagrin of Reactionists, it has drawn from under the feet of industry the national ground on which it stood.  All old-established national industries have been destroyed or are daily being destroyed.  They are dislodged by new industries, whose introduction becomes a life and death question for all civilised nations, by industries that no longer work up indigenous raw material, but raw material drawn from the remotest zones; industries whose products are consumed, not only at home, but in every quarter of the globe.  In place of the old wants, satisfied by the productions of the country, we find new wants, requiring for their satisfaction the products of distant lands and climes.  In place of the old local and national seclusion and self-sufficiency, we have intercourse in every direction, universal inter-dependence of nations.  And as in material, so also in intellectual production.  The intellectual creations of individual nations become common property.  National one-sidedness and narrow-mindedness become more and more impossible, and from the numerous national and local literatures, there arises a world literature.
 The bourgeoisie, by the rapid improvement of all instruments of production, by the immensely facilitated means of communication, draws all, even the most barbarian, nations into civilisation. The cheap prices of its commodities are the heavy artillery with which it batters down all Chinese walls, with which it forces the barbarians' intensely obstinate hatred of foreigners to capitulate.  It compels all nations, on pain of extinction, to adopt the bourgeois mode of production; it compels them to introduce what it calls civilisation into their midst, i.e., to become bourgeois themselves.  In one word, it creates a world after its own image.

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 These measures will of course be different in different countries.
-Nevertheless in the most advanced countries, the following will be pretty generally applicable.
+Nevertheless, in the most advanced countries, the following will be pretty generally applicable.
 .  Abolition of property in land and application of all rents

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 ==BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS==
-The history of all hitherto existing societies is the history of [[class struggles]].
+The history of all hitherto existing societies is the history of [[class struggle]]s.
 Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary re-constitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes.

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 WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!
 [[category:Historical Documents]]
 [[category:Communism]]

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 MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY
-[From the English edition of 1888, edited by Friedrich Engels]
+[From the English (U.K.) edition of 1888, edited by Friedrich Engels]
 A spectre is haunting [[Europe]]--the spectre of [[Communism]]. All the Powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this spectre: Pope and Czar, Metternich and Guizot, [[French]] Radicals and [[German]] police-spies.