Steve Symms - Revision history

LT at 03:42, December 18, 2021

2021-12-18T03:42:46Z

LT: /* Controversies */

2021-12-18T03:42:16Z

Controversies

LT: /* Controversies */

2021-12-18T03:41:50Z

Controversies

LT: /* Controversies */

2021-12-18T03:41:15Z

Controversies

LT: /* Controversies */

2021-12-18T03:40:01Z

Controversies

LT: /* Controversies */

2021-12-18T03:39:39Z

Controversies

LT at 03:38, December 18, 2021

2021-12-18T03:38:37Z

LT: /* Career */

2021-12-18T03:38:07Z

Career

LT: /* Career */

2021-12-18T03:37:17Z

Career

LT at 03:34, December 18, 2021

2021-12-18T03:34:49Z

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 | residence=Caldwell, Idaho
 | spouse=(1) Frances Eugenia Stockdale Symms<br> (married 1959–1990, separated in 1987, divorced)
-(2) Loretta E. Mathes Fuller Symms (married 1992)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2026&dat=19891206&id=giYuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ttAFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6575,855565|publisher=''The Idahonian''newspaper=Idahonian|location=Moscow, Idaho|title=Symms wants to divorce estranged wife|date=December 6, 1989|page=12A}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6pMrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q9AFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2824%2C1581338|publisher=''The Idahonian''|title=Fran Symms picks up pieces after divorce|publisher=''Twin Falls Tribune''|author=Anita Dennis|date=June 13, 1991|page=1A}}</ref>
+(2) Loretta E. Mathes Fuller Symms (married 1992)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2026&dat=19891206&id=giYuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ttAFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6575,855565|publisher=''The Idahonian''|newspaper=Idahonian|location=Moscow, Idaho|title=Symms wants to divorce estranged wife|date=December 6, 1989|page=12A}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6pMrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q9AFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2824%2C1581338|publisher=''The Idahonian''|title=Fran Symms picks up pieces after divorce|publisher=''Twin Falls Tribune''|author=Anita Dennis|date=June 13, 1991|page=1A}}</ref>
 | children=Four children from first marriage
 | alma_mater=University of Idaho at Moscow

@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 Symms was one of several Republican senators who in 1981 expressed his opposition to the nomination of [[Sandra Day O'Connor]], an Arizona [[Moderate Republican]] whom President Reagan nominated for the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The opposition hinged over the issue of O'Connor's  unwillingness to overturn the landmark [[abortion]] opinion, ''[[Roe v. Wade]].''<ref>Jan Crawford Greenburg, ''Supreme Conflict: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Control of the United States Supreme Court,'' Penguin Books, 2007. p. 222.</ref> Reagan, however, stubbornly stood with O'Connor, the first woman justice who later affirmed ''Roe'' in the 1992 case, ''Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey,'' much as most conservatives had expected.
-During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/26/us/story-on-mrs-dukakis-is-denied-by-campaign.html "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Archived version available [https://archive.md/vvIxT here]. Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
+During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/26/us/story-on-mrs-dukakis-is-denied-by-campaign.html "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Archived version available [https://archive.md/YZl5 here]. Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Archived version available [https://archive.md/vvIxT here]. Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
 ==Later years==

@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 Symms was one of several Republican senators who in 1981 expressed his opposition to the nomination of [[Sandra Day O'Connor]], an Arizona [[Moderate Republican]] whom President Reagan nominated for the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The opposition hinged over the issue of O'Connor's  unwillingness to overturn the landmark [[abortion]] opinion, ''[[Roe v. Wade]].''<ref>Jan Crawford Greenburg, ''Supreme Conflict: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Control of the United States Supreme Court,'' Penguin Books, 2007. p. 222.</ref> Reagan, however, stubbornly stood with O'Connor, the first woman justice who later affirmed ''Roe'' in the 1992 case, ''Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey,'' much as most conservatives had expected.
-During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/26/us/story-on-mrs-dukakis-is-denied-by-campaign.html "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
+During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/26/us/story-on-mrs-dukakis-is-denied-by-campaign.html "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Archived version available [https://archive.md/vvIxT here]. Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
 ==Later years==

@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 Symms was one of several Republican senators who in 1981 expressed his opposition to the nomination of [[Sandra Day O'Connor]], an Arizona [[Moderate Republican]] whom President Reagan nominated for the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The opposition hinged over the issue of O'Connor's  unwillingness to overturn the landmark [[abortion]] opinion, ''[[Roe v. Wade]].''<ref>Jan Crawford Greenburg, ''Supreme Conflict: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Control of the United States Supreme Court,'' Penguin Books, 2007. p. 222.</ref> Reagan, however, stubbornly stood with O'Connor, the first woman justice who later affirmed ''Roe'' in the 1992 case, ''Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey,'' much as most conservatives had expected.
-During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988) "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign." ''New York Times.''</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
+During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/26/us/story-on-mrs-dukakis-is-denied-by-campaign.html "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
 ==Later years==

@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 Symms was one of several Republican senators who in 1981 expressed his opposition to the nomination of [[Sandra Day O'Connor]], an Arizona [[Moderate Republican]] whom President Reagan nominated for the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The opposition hinged over the issue of O'Connor's  unwillingness to overturn the landmark [[abortion]] opinion, ''[[Roe v. Wade]].''<ref>Jan Crawford Greenburg, ''Supreme Conflict: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Control of the United States Supreme Court,'' Penguin Books, 2007. p. 222.</ref> Reagan, however, stubbornly stood with O'Connor, the first woman justice who later affirmed ''Roe'' in the 1992 case, ''Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey,'' much as most conservatives had expected.
-During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988) "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign." ''New York Times.''</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988) [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
+During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988) "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign." ''New York Times.''</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988). [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/29/us/political-memo-accentuating-the-positive-can-lead-to-nasty-campaign.html "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign."] ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
 ==Later years==

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 Symms chose did not seek a third Senate term in 1992 and was succeeded by the Republican mayor of Boise, [[Dirk Kempthorne]], a future two-term Idaho [[governor]] and [[United States Secretary of the Interior]]. Symms is the recipient of the U.S. Marine Corps "Iron Mike" award and the National Guard's "Minuteman of the Year" award. He has also been honored by the [[Chamber of Commerce]], the National Federation of Independent Business,Freedoms Foundation, the American Security Council, Americans for Constitutional Action.<ref name=lobby/>
-==Controversies==
+===Controversies===
 Symms was one of several Republican senators who in 1981 expressed his opposition to the nomination of [[Sandra Day O'Connor]], an Arizona [[Moderate Republican]] whom President Reagan nominated for the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The opposition hinged over the issue of O'Connor's  unwillingness to overturn the landmark [[abortion]] opinion, ''[[Roe v. Wade]].''<ref>Jan Crawford Greenburg, ''Supreme Conflict: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Control of the United States Supreme Court,'' Penguin Books, 2007. p. 222.</ref> Reagan, however, stubbornly stood with O'Connor, the first woman justice who later affirmed ''Roe'' in the 1992 case, ''Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey,'' much as most conservatives had expected.
 During the 1988 presidential election, Symms falsely alleged that Kitty Dukakis, the wife of Democratic nominee [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]],  burned a U.S. flag in a 1960s demonstration against the [[Vietnam War]]. Mrs. Dukakis angrily blasted the accusation as "totally false and beneath contempt," and Symms later admitted that he could not substantiate his allegation.<ref name="AP Editors 1988">AP Editors (August 26, 1988) "Story on Mrs. Dukakis Is Denied by Campaign." ''New York Times.''</ref> Nevertheless, the claim became national news, as media outlets began searching for the photograph Symms said he had "heard" existed.<ref>E. J. Dionne, Jr. (August 29, 1988) "Political Memo; Accentuating the Positive Can Lead to Nasty Campaign." ''New York Times.'' </ref> Dukakis lost the election to [[Vice President]] [[George Herbert Walker Bush]].
-===Later years===
+==Later years==
 After leaving the Senate in 1993, Symms founded a consulting firm, Symms, Lehn Associates, Inc.  In January 1999, he and John Haddow formed Symms & Haddow Associates, a lobbying firm. In January 2001, the firm joined forces with Romano Romani  and Democratic former Senator [[Dennis DeConcini]] of [[Arizona]] to establish Parry, Romani, DeConcini, and Symms.<ref name=lobby/>

@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 In 1972, along with the reelection of [[U.S. President]] [[Richard M. Nixon]], Symms, at the age of thirty-four used the theme of an apple farm in his successful bid for an open seat in the U.S. House. One of his advertisements showed a large red apple and the slogan, "Take a bite out of big government!"  He was elected to the open seat and was re-elected three times before becoming a U.S. Senator. In 1980, with the [[Ronald Reagan]] triumph over [[Jimmy Carter]], Symms unseated four-term Senator Frank Church with a victory margin of less than 1 percent in the Republican landslide year.<ref name=sbigohwsv>{{cite news|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=W61fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0DIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4369%2C2366596|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|agency=Associated Press|title=Symms basks in the glow of hard-won Senate victory |date=November 6, 1980|page=6A}}</ref> Symms was re-elected in the [[1986 Midterm Elections|1986 midterms]], defeating Democratic [[Governor]] John V. Evans in another hard-fought and close election.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gDFkAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yfkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6978,2681874|publisher=''Spokane Chronicle''|author=Quane Kenyon|first=Quane|title=No political truce in Idaho|date=October 28, 1986|page=A4}}</ref>
-In 1983, Symms joined most Senate Republicans in voting for the [[Orrin Hatch|Hatch]]-Eagleton [[Human Life Amendment]].<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/98-1983/s169 TO PASS S. J. RES. 3, A MEASURE AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION TO ESTABLISH LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY IN CONGRESS AND THE STATES WITH RESPECT TO ABORTION, THEREBY OVERTURNING THE SUPREME COURT'S DECISION IN ROE VS. WADE. (MOTION FAILED;2/3 REQUIR.] ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref>
+In 1983, Symms joined most Senate Republicans in voting for the [[Orrin Hatch|Hatch]]-Eagleton [[Human Life Amendment]].<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/98-1983/s169 TO PASS S. J. RES. 3, A MEASURE AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION TO ESTABLISH LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY IN CONGRESS AND THE STATES WITH RESPECT TO ABORTION, THEREBY OVERTURNING THE SUPREME COURT'S DECISION IN ROE VS. WADE. (MOTION FAILED;2/3 REQUIR.] ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved December 17, 2021.</ref> The constitutional amendment received a 49–50 vote, thus failing to meet the two-thirds threshold.
 Symms chose did not seek a third Senate term in 1992 and was succeeded by the Republican mayor of Boise, [[Dirk Kempthorne]], a future two-term Idaho [[governor]] and [[United States Secretary of the Interior]]. Symms is the recipient of the U.S. Marine Corps "Iron Mike" award and the National Guard's "Minuteman of the Year" award. He has also been honored by the [[Chamber of Commerce]], the National Federation of Independent Business,Freedoms Foundation, the American Security Council, Americans for Constitutional Action.<ref name=lobby/>

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 | preceded=[[Frank Church]]
 | succeeded=[[Dirk Kempthorne]]
-| office2=[[United States Representative]] for Idaho's 1st congressional district
+| office2=[[United States Representative]] for Idaho's 1st Congressional District
 | term_start2=January 3, 1973
 | term_end2=January 3, 1981
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 | death_place=
 | residence=Caldwell, Idaho
-| spouse=(1) Frances Eugenia Stockdale Symms<br> (married 1959-1990, separated in 1987, divorced)
+| spouse=(1) Frances Eugenia Stockdale Symms<br> (married 1959–1990, separated in 1987, divorced)
 (2) Loretta E. Mathes Fuller Symms (married 1992)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2026&dat=19891206&id=giYuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ttAFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6575,855565|publisher=''The Idahonian''newspaper=Idahonian|location=Moscow, Idaho|title=Symms wants to divorce estranged wife|date=December 6, 1989|page=12A}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6pMrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q9AFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2824%2C1581338|publisher=''The Idahonian''|title=Fran Symms picks up pieces after divorce|publisher=''Twin Falls Tribune''|author=Anita Dennis|date=June 13, 1991|page=1A}}</ref>
 | children=Four children from first marriage