Skateboarding - Revision history

DavidB4-bot: Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: off-shoots → offshoots, utlized → utilized, t-shirt → T-shirt, christian → Christian, 1970's → 1970s

2016-08-22T17:44:25Z

Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: off-shoots → offshoots, utlized → utilized, t-shirt → T-shirt, christian → Christian, 1970's → 1970s

DavidB4-bot: clean up & uniformity

2016-07-12T06:52:22Z

clean up & uniformity

Ed Poor: /* Bases for Criticism */

2013-03-31T14:33:30Z

Bases for Criticism

Ed Poor: /* Graffiti */ satanist or antisocial imagery

2013-03-31T14:31:30Z

Graffiti: satanist or antisocial imagery

Ed Poor: /* Bases for Criticism */ turn bullet points into subsections

2013-03-31T14:30:44Z

Bases for Criticism: turn bullet points into subsections

CPalmer: /* Bases for Criticism */ link

2008-11-19T13:42:13Z

Bases for Criticism: link

Jareddr: Undo revision 481555 by Soepic (Talk)

2008-06-24T22:25:09Z

Undo revision 481555 by Soepic (Talk)

Jareddr: Undo revision 481556 by Smith37 (Talk)

2008-06-24T22:24:55Z

Undo revision 481556 by Smith37 (Talk)

Smith37: /* Safety */

2008-06-24T22:00:28Z

Safety

Soepic: /* Bases for Criticism */

2008-06-24T21:58:55Z

Bases for Criticism

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 '''Skateboarding''' is by some considered a [[sport]], by others an art.
-Invented in the early 1970's skateboarding became a way to practice [[surfing]] in the off-season. From there, it only progressed to become what it is today.
+Invented in the early 1970s skateboarding became a way to practice [[surfing]] in the off-season. From there, it only progressed to become what it is today.
 In 1998, the [[New York Times]] reported that skateboarding was "the fastest-growing sport in America."<ref>"New England Tries to Adapt to Sound of Skateboards," ''The New York Times,'' October 18, 1998, p. 33</ref>
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 The early skateboard was referred to as a "banana board" for it's shape and bright, yellow plastic deck.  Stacy Peralta was a pioneer of skateboarding in the Cailfornia Bay area in the 70's.  He later teamed up with George Powell to create Powell-Peralta, the legendary skateboarding monolith that cultivated early skating powerhouses such as Mike McGill, inventor of the McTwist (a 540 degree aerial maneuver performed on a vert ramp) and Tony Hawk, who ultimately propelled skateboarding to the commercial success it eventually became.
-Through touring and local "demos," professional skateboarders cultivated a massive following and utlized varying media, including magazines such as Thrasher and Transworld, in addition to SK8 TV (which aired for a brief time in the early 1990s on the cable channel Nickelodeon) and the 1987 cult classic film "Gleaming the Cube," starring christian Slater as a rebellious teen, who uses skateboarding as the vehicle to change himself, while locating his brother's murderer.
+Through touring and local "demos," professional skateboarders cultivated a massive following and utilized varying media, including magazines such as Thrasher and Transworld, in addition to SK8 TV (which aired for a brief time in the early 1990s on the cable channel Nickelodeon) and the 1987 cult classic film "Gleaming the Cube," starring Christian Slater as a rebellious teen, who uses skateboarding as the vehicle to change himself, while locating his brother's murderer.
 Mike McGill is Mr. Slater's stunt double and Tony Hawk, among several other skaters, makes a cameo appearance as a [[Pizza Hut]] truck driver.
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 With more amateur skateboarders, there sprang up amateur skateboarding companies, such as Arise, a Christian Skateboarding Company, that enjoyed relatively far-reaching underground success.  But without the distribution capability, Arise faded away.  The youth still clamored for less of a "corporate" approach to skateboarding paving the way a new generation of companies to challenge the status quo.
-From the larger companies sprang subsidiaries and off-shoots such as Blind (a subtle jab at Vision) headed by Mark Gonzalez and Jason Lee as well as Plan B.  In 1992, these two companies arguably changed the face of skateboarding forever with the release of two skate videos entitled "Video Days" and "The Questionable Video".  These videos featured professional skateboarders defying the very laws of physics and popularized the use of music other than punk, hard-core and heavy metal.  Skateboarding then became what the iconoclastic founders feared the most "trendy".
+From the larger companies sprang subsidiaries and offshoots such as Blind (a subtle jab at Vision) headed by Mark Gonzalez and Jason Lee as well as Plan B.  In 1992, these two companies arguably changed the face of skateboarding forever with the release of two skate videos entitled "Video Days" and "The Questionable Video".  These videos featured professional skateboarders defying the very laws of physics and popularized the use of music other than punk, hard-core and heavy metal.  Skateboarding then became what the iconoclastic founders feared the most "trendy".
 As skateboarding remains no exception to the rules of free market economics, the 1990s saw hundreds of companies enter the trend and subsequently die out.
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 ===Graffiti===
-Some skateboarders are known to spray [[graffiti]] in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or [[antisocial]] imagery or offensive slogans and captions.  This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden.  The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and t-shirt.  Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This."  Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport.  Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
+Some skateboarders are known to spray [[graffiti]] in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or [[antisocial]] imagery or offensive slogans and captions.  This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden.  The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and T-shirt.  Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This."  Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport.  Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
 All three of these methods of property destruction can be classified as [[vandalism]], a [[crime]].

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 == Bases for Criticism ==
 ===Skate Wax===
 Skateboarders have been known to apply layers of slippery wax to surfaces to facilitate their boards ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' over the surface.  The wax eases the friction between the wood or metal on the concrete.  There are two main types of wax, the first is known as "Beeswax" originally used for surfing to make the board more adhesive for a surfer's feet. The second comes from ordinary household candles.  Although the waxing of curbs has been alleged to cause accident and injury to innocent pedestrians who have slipped on surfaces, there are no documented incidents of these accidents as the surface is actually made stickier when the wax is applied. Skate wax is also notoriously difficult and expensive to clean from porous surfaces once applied and can easily be spotted from a distance, causing skaters to gravitate toward the area.
@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 *Never ride in the street.
 *Don’t take chances. Complicated tricks require careful practice and a specially designed area. Only one person per skateboard. Never hitch a ride from a car, bus, truck, bicycle, etc.
-*Learning how to fall in case of an accident may help reduce your chances of being seriously injured. If you are losing your balance, crouch down on the skateboard so that you will not have so far to fall. In a fall, try to land on the fleshy parts of your body. If you fall, try to roll rather than absorb the force with your arms. Even though it may be difficult, during a fall try to relax your body rather than stiffen.<ref>''Skateboarding Safety''[http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=41366]</ref>
+*Learning how to fall in case of an accident may help reduce your chances of being seriously injured. If you are losing your balance, crouch down on the skateboard so that you will not have so far to fall. In a fall, try to land on the fleshy parts of your body. If you fall, try to roll rather than absorb the force with your arms. Even though it may be difficult, during a fall try to relax your body rather than stiffen.<ref>[http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=41366 ''Skateboarding Safety'']</ref>
 You should also wear wrist, knee, elbow, and ankle guards all the time to prevent harmful injury

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 == Bases for Criticism ==
-===Skate Wax=== Skateboarders have been known to apply layers of slippery wax to surfaces to facilitate their boards ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' over the surface.  The wax eases the friction between the wood or metal on the concrete.  There are two main types of wax, the first is known as "Beeswax" originally used for surfing to make the board more adhesive for a surfer's feet. The second comes from ordinary household candles.  Although the waxing of curbs has been alleged to cause accident and injury to innocent pedestrians who have slipped on surfaces, there are no documented incidents of these accidents as the surface is actually made stickier when the wax is applied. Skate wax is also notoriously difficult and expensive to clean from porous surfaces once applied and can easily be spotted from a distance, causing skaters to gravitate toward the area.
+===Skate Wax===
 ===Property Damage===

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 ===Graffiti===
-Some skateboarders are known to spray [[graffiti]] in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or antisocial imagery or offensive slogans and captions.  This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden.  The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and t-shirt.  Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This."  Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport.  Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
+Some skateboarders are known to spray [[graffiti]] in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or [[antisocial]] imagery or offensive slogans and captions.  This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden.  The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and t-shirt.  Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This."  Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport.  Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
 All three of these methods of property destruction can be classified as [[vandalism]], a [[crime]].

@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 Currently, skateboarding has entered the mainstream of youth pop culture with video games and televised commercials featuring the art.  Public skateparks have sprung up, especially in the North East, where it was never dreamed they would.  Skateparks are generally comprised of several concrete "mini-ramps," as opposed to "vert ramps" (or those ramps, which contain a vertical section beneath the coping).
-=== Bases for Criticism ===
+== Bases for Criticism ==
-:* '''Property Damage''' -  The act of ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' an obstacle such as stone or concrete stairs, or handrails, is known to cause serious damage very quickly. Skateboarders who cause such damage typically will vacate the vandalized area in search of another piece of someone else's property which they might be able to destroy.
+===Skate Wax=== Skateboarders have been known to apply layers of slippery wax to surfaces to facilitate their boards ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' over the surface.  The wax eases the friction between the wood or metal on the concrete.  There are two main types of wax, the first is known as "Beeswax" originally used for surfing to make the board more adhesive for a surfer's feet. The second comes from ordinary household candles.  Although the waxing of curbs has been alleged to cause accident and injury to innocent pedestrians who have slipped on surfaces, there are no documented incidents of these accidents as the surface is actually made stickier when the wax is applied. Skate wax is also notoriously difficult and expensive to clean from porous surfaces once applied and can easily be spotted from a distance, causing skaters to gravitate toward the area.
-:* '''Graffiti''' - Some skateboarders are known to spray [[graffiti]] in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or antisocial imagery or offensive slogans and captions.  This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden.  The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and t-shirt.  Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This."  Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport.  Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
+===Property Damage===
 All three of these methods of property destruction can be classified as [[vandalism]], a [[crime]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:25, June 24, 2008
Line 29:		Line 29:
	Currently, skateboarding has entered the mainstream of youth pop culture with video games and televised commercials featuring the art. Public skateparks have sprung up, especially in the North East, where it was never dreamed they would. Skateparks are generally comprised of several concrete "mini-ramps," as opposed to "vert ramps" (or those ramps, which contain a vertical section beneath the coping).		Currently, skateboarding has entered the mainstream of youth pop culture with video games and televised commercials featuring the art. Public skateparks have sprung up, especially in the North East, where it was never dreamed they would. Skateparks are generally comprised of several concrete "mini-ramps," as opposed to "vert ramps" (or those ramps, which contain a vertical section beneath the coping).

		+	=== Bases for Criticism ===
		+	:* '''Skate Wax''' - Skateboarders have been known to apply layers of slippery wax to surfaces to facilitate their boards ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' over the surface. The wax eases the friction between the wood or metal on the concrete. There are two main types of wax, the first is known as "Beeswax" originally used for surfing to make the board more adhesive for a surfer's feet. The second comes from ordinary household candles. Although the waxing of curbs has been alleged to cause accident and injury to innocent pedestrians who have slipped on surfaces, there are no documented incidents of these accidents as the surface is actually made stickier when the wax is applied. Skate wax is also notoriously difficult and expensive to clean from porous surfaces once applied and can easily be spotted from a distance, causing skaters to gravitate toward the area.

		+	:* '''Property Damage''' - The act of ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' an obstacle such as stone or concrete stairs, or handrails, is known to cause serious damage very quickly. Skateboarders who cause such damage typically will vacate the vandalized area in search of another piece of someone else's property which they might be able to destroy.
		+
		+	:* '''Graffiti''' - Some skateboarders are known to spray graffiti in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or antisocial imagery or offensive slogans and captions. This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden. The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and t-shirt. Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This." Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport. Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
		+
		+	All three of these methods of property destruction can be classified as [[vandalism]], a [[crime]].

	==Safety==		==Safety==

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 ==Safety==
-Unless you're cool, helmets should be worn. Skateboarder [[Tony Hawk]] notes
+Helmets should be worn. Skateboarder [[Tony Hawk]] notes
 :I wear helmets for protection after being knocked unconscious more than six times in my career. You never know what can happen, especially when you're starting out. I could have easily died without one.<ref>http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=41366</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:58, June 24, 2008
Line 29:		Line 29:
	Currently, skateboarding has entered the mainstream of youth pop culture with video games and televised commercials featuring the art. Public skateparks have sprung up, especially in the North East, where it was never dreamed they would. Skateparks are generally comprised of several concrete "mini-ramps," as opposed to "vert ramps" (or those ramps, which contain a vertical section beneath the coping).		Currently, skateboarding has entered the mainstream of youth pop culture with video games and televised commercials featuring the art. Public skateparks have sprung up, especially in the North East, where it was never dreamed they would. Skateparks are generally comprised of several concrete "mini-ramps," as opposed to "vert ramps" (or those ramps, which contain a vertical section beneath the coping).

−	~~=== Bases for Criticism ===~~
−	:* '''Skate Wax''' - Skateboarders have been known to apply layers of slippery wax to surfaces to facilitate their boards ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' over the surface. The wax eases the friction between the wood or metal on the concrete. There are two main types of wax, the first is known as "Beeswax" originally used for surfing to make the board more adhesive for a surfer's feet. The second comes from ordinary household candles. Although the waxing of curbs has been alleged to cause accident and injury to innocent pedestrians who have slipped on surfaces, there are no documented incidents of these accidents as the surface is actually made stickier when the wax is applied. Skate wax is also notoriously difficult and expensive to clean from porous surfaces once applied and can easily be spotted from a distance, causing skaters to gravitate toward the area.

−	:* '''Property Damage''' - The act of ''sliding'' or ''grinding'' an obstacle such as stone or concrete stairs, or handrails, is known to cause serious damage very quickly. Skateboarders who cause such damage typically will vacate the vandalized area in search of another piece of someone else's property which they might be able to destroy.
−
−	:* '''Graffiti''' - Some skateboarders are known to spray graffiti in places where they like to frequently skate. Skateparks are sometimes covered on all surfaces by graffiti sometimes depicting satanist or antisocial imagery or offensive slogans and captions. This began in the early 1980s and stayed within a tiny minority of the skateboarding population, who listened to heavy metal bands including Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden. The perception of a link between satanism and cults with skateboarding became so prevalent, it was later mocked by the skateboarding populous in the late 1980s and early 1990s with skateboard graphics featuring Winnie the Pooh with sunglasses, devilish horns and a trident on skateboard company World Industries' owner Steve Rocco's deck and t-shirt. Other common themes and images included "ending racism" as scrawled on the bottom of professional skateboarder Tommy Guerrero in the 1989 Powell Peralta video "Ban This." Many abandoned concrete pools were generally painted with spray paint by both frequent skaters and graffiti "artists" who had nothing to do with the sport. Concrete is generally considered by graffiti artists, taggers and vandals as the best surface on which to spray paint as wood or plastic causes heavy dripping for the thin aerosol-based coloring.
−
−	~~All three of these methods of property destruction can be classified as [[vandalism]], a [[crime]].~~

	==Safety==		==Safety==