Bourgeoisie - Revision history

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 '''Bourgeoisie''' is a term used in classical [[Marxism]] for the [[social class]] that controls the means of production. In opposition to the [[proletariat]] class, who earn [[income]] from the sale of their [[labor]], the bourgeoisie class generates income through the processes of [[capital]].
-In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). It is essentially a [[mercantilist]] class. All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough". In its denigrating Marxist sense, the adjective "bourgeois" can mean hum-drum, unimaginative, conventional and the like.
+In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). It is essentially a non-[[noble]] [[mercantilist]] class. All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough". In its denigrating Marxist sense, the adjective "bourgeois" can mean hum-drum, unimaginative, conventional and the like.
 Austrian economist [[Joseph Schumpeter]] said, "without protection by some non-bourgeois group, the bourgeoisie is [[political]]ly helpless and unable not only to lead its [[nation]] but even to take care of its particular class interests. Which amounts to saying that it needs a master."<ref>[http://debracollege.dspaces.org/bitstream/123456789/441/1/schumpeter-joseph-a-capitalism-socialism-and-democracy.pdf ''Capitalism, Specialism, and Democracy''], p. 138. "it is particularly instructive by virtue of the fact that the [[Mercantilism|merchants' republic]] invariably failed in the great game of [[international politics]] and that in practically every emergency it had to hand over the reins to a [[war]]lord of feudal complexion."</ref>
 ==See also==
-* [[Aristocracy]] or [[Nobility]]
+* [[Aristocracy]]
 ==References==

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 '''Bourgeoisie''' is a term used in classical [[Marxism]] for the [[social class]] that controls the means of production. In opposition to the [[proletariat]] class, who earn [[income]] from the sale of their [[labor]], the bourgeoisie class generates income through the processes of [[capital]].
-In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). It is essentially a [[mercantilist]] class. All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough". In its Marxist sense, the adjective "bourgeois" can mean hum-drum, unimaginative, conventional and the like.
+In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). It is essentially a [[mercantilist]] class. All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough". In its denigrating Marxist sense, the adjective "bourgeois" can mean hum-drum, unimaginative, conventional and the like.
 Austrian economist [[Joseph Schumpeter]] said, "without protection by some non-bourgeois group, the bourgeoisie is [[political]]ly helpless and unable not only to lead its [[nation]] but even to take care of its particular class interests. Which amounts to saying that it needs a master."<ref>[http://debracollege.dspaces.org/bitstream/123456789/441/1/schumpeter-joseph-a-capitalism-socialism-and-democracy.pdf ''Capitalism, Specialism, and Democracy''], p. 138. "it is particularly instructive by virtue of the fact that the [[Mercantilism|merchants' republic]] invariably failed in the great game of [[international politics]] and that in practically every emergency it had to hand over the reins to a [[war]]lord of feudal complexion."</ref>

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-'''Bourgeoisie''' is a term used in classical [[Marxism]] for the [[social class]] that controls the means of production. In opposition to the [[proletariat]] class, who earn [[income]] from the sale of their [[labor]], the bourgeoisie class generates income through the processes of [[capital]]. It is essentially a [[mercantilist]] class.
+'''Bourgeoisie''' is a term used in classical [[Marxism]] for the [[social class]] that controls the means of production. In opposition to the [[proletariat]] class, who earn [[income]] from the sale of their [[labor]], the bourgeoisie class generates income through the processes of [[capital]].
-In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough".
+In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). It is essentially a [[mercantilist]] class. All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough". In its Marxist sense, the adjective "bourgeois" can mean hum-drum, unimaginative, conventional and the like.
 Austrian economist [[Joseph Schumpeter]] said, "without protection by some non-bourgeois group, the bourgeoisie is [[political]]ly helpless and unable not only to lead its [[nation]] but even to take care of its particular class interests. Which amounts to saying that it needs a master."<ref>[http://debracollege.dspaces.org/bitstream/123456789/441/1/schumpeter-joseph-a-capitalism-socialism-and-democracy.pdf ''Capitalism, Specialism, and Democracy''], p. 138. "it is particularly instructive by virtue of the fact that the [[Mercantilism|merchants' republic]] invariably failed in the great game of [[international politics]] and that in practically every emergency it had to hand over the reins to a [[war]]lord of feudal complexion."</ref>

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 {{reflist|2}}
-[[Category:Dictionary]]
+[[Category:Dictionary]][[Category:Sociology]]
 [[Category:Economics]]
 [[Category:Marxist Terminology]]

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 In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough".
-Austrian economist [[Joseph Schumpeter]] said, "without protection by some non-bourgeois group, the bourgeoisie is [[political]]ly helpless and unable not only to lead its [[nation]] but even to take care of its particular class interests. Which amounts to saying that it needs a master."<ref>[http://debracollege.dspaces.org/bitstream/123456789/441/1/schumpeter-joseph-a-capitalism-socialism-and-democracy.pdf ''Capitalism, Specialism, and Democracy''], p. 138. "it is particularly instructive by virtue of the fact that the [[Merchantilism|merchants' republic]] invariably failed in the great game of [[international politics]] and that in practically every emergency it had to hand over the reins to a [[war]]lord of feudal complexion."</ref>
+Austrian economist [[Joseph Schumpeter]] said, "without protection by some non-bourgeois group, the bourgeoisie is [[political]]ly helpless and unable not only to lead its [[nation]] but even to take care of its particular class interests. Which amounts to saying that it needs a master."<ref>[http://debracollege.dspaces.org/bitstream/123456789/441/1/schumpeter-joseph-a-capitalism-socialism-and-democracy.pdf ''Capitalism, Specialism, and Democracy''], p. 138. "it is particularly instructive by virtue of the fact that the [[Mercantilism|merchants' republic]] invariably failed in the great game of [[international politics]] and that in practically every emergency it had to hand over the reins to a [[war]]lord of feudal complexion."</ref>
 ==See also==

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:00, December 15, 2025
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−	'''Bourgeoisie''' is a term used in classical [[Marxism]] for the [[social class]] that controls the [[means of production]]. In opposition to the [[proletariat]] class, who earn [[income]] from the sale of their [[labor]], the bourgeoisie class generates income through the processes of [[capital]].	+	'''Bourgeoisie''' is a term used in classical [[Marxism]] for the [[social class]] that controls the means of production. In opposition to the [[proletariat]] class, who earn [[income]] from the sale of their [[labor]], the bourgeoisie class generates income through the processes of [[capital]].

	In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough".		In its wider sense it means those of the [[middle class]], originally neither [[aristocrat]]ic nor [[peasant]] and was the French equivalent of [[Burgess]] ([[English]]) or Burgher ([[German]]). All were citizens or freemen of the [[medieval]] ''burgh'' or town from whence we get the modern "Borough".