Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Cesare Borgia

2007-08-13T14:54:10Z

William123:

[[Image:CesareBorgia.jpg|thumb|250px|Portrait of Cesare Borgia by Altobello Melone]]
[http://www.necrobabes.com The world beyond]
'''Cesare Borgia''' was the leader of the rich and powerful Borgia family in [[Florence]] during the [[Renaissance]]. He was admired greatly by [[Niccolo Machiavelli]], Cesare Borgia was used as a model of excellent leadership in Machiavelli's ''[[The Prince]]''. In reality, Borgia was a corrupt and ruthless man.

[[category:political figures]]
[[category:history]]

Austrian School of Economics

2007-08-13T14:53:33Z

William123:

The '''Austrian school of economics''' is the [[libertarian]] philosophy applied to the field of economics: reduce government involvement in everything. It views all value as subjective, and that efficiency consists of maximizing value as sought by each individual. It avoids mathematics because it does not feel math can capture the complexities of the economic world, which it thinks are due to trial-and-error processes. Like [[libertarian|libertarians]], Austrian economists are very much in favor of the individual and against government, even to the point of opposing tariffs and [[Antitrust law]]s.
[http://www.necrobabes.com The world beyond]
The Austrian school of economics opposed the inflationary approach of [[Keynesian economics]], and thus is favored by many conservatives on that basis. But Austrian economists also typically oppose government attempts to maintain or defend morality, as in traditional marriage.

The founder of the Austrian school of economics was [[Carl Menger]], who published in German in 1871 its leading text, ''Principles of Economics''. In the 1920s through 1940s, [[Ludwig von Mises]] and [[Friedrich A. Hayek]] advanced the movement by declaring the impossibility for socialism to succeed and also explaining the nature of the business cycle.

[[Category:Economics]]
== External links ==
* [http://www.fee.org/ Foundation for Economic Education]
* [http://www.independent.org/ The Independent Institute]
* [http://www.mises.org/ Ludwig von Mises Institute]
* [http://www.econlib.org/library/enc/AustrianEconomics.html "Austrian Economics," by Deborah L. Walker]
* [http://it.stlawu.edu/sdae/ Society for the Development of Austrian Economics]

Philip Levy

2007-08-13T14:52:56Z

William123:

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| style="background: #ccf; text-align: center;" | '''This article is part of the'''<br>'''[[Venona project|Venona]]'''<br>'''series.'''
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| style="text-align: center;"|[[CPUSA#Secret_apparatus|Secret apparatus]]
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| style="text-align: center;"|[[KGB]]
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|style="border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc"|
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|<small>[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Template:Ushistory&action=edit Edit this box]</small>
|}
[http://www.necrobabes.com The world beyond]

'''Philip Levy''' was an American and secretly a [[Communist]] who worked closely with [[Leon Josephson]] in [[espionage]] activity on behalf of [[OGPU|Soviet intelligence]]. Levy allowed the use of his home as a place to store documents purloined by the [[Communist Party of the United States]] (CPUSA) secret appartus from people critical of the party.

===Reference===
* Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, ''The Secret World of American Communism'', 131–132.
*“Comintern Apparatus Summary Report,” 15 December 1944, FBI Comintern Apparatus file (FBI file 100-103581), serial 3702.
* John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, ''Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America'', Yale University Press (1999), pgs. 377, 470.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Levy, Philip}}
[[Category:KGB Agents and Sources]]

Blue mussel

2007-08-13T14:52:17Z

William123:

The '''blue mussel''', ''Mylius edulis'', is a type of [[shellfish]] known for its blue shell.

They live off the east coast of [[North America]] from [[Canada]] to [[North Carolina]]. They are eaten, after cooking, and can be steamed or smoked. Each filters between 10-15 gallons of water per day. At one point, Canadians who ate blue mussels from off [[Prince Edward Island]] became sick, experiencing short term amnesia from amnesic shellfish poisoning.[http://www.ocean.udel.edu/mas/seafood/bluemussel.html]

The blue mussel is one example of rapid, short-term evolution. As the result of the [[Asian shore crab]] eating the blue mussel, they developed a thicker shell. Researchers were able to use a distinct population of blue mussels that did not have the [[Asia]]n shore crab as a predator as a control that did not have the corresponding change in shell thickness. Because the control group was not naturally selected to have a thicker shell thickness, they did not evolve.[http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/060901_mussels]

[[Category:Molluscs]]
[[Category:Food and drink]]

[http://www.necrobabes.com The world beyond]

World

2007-08-13T14:51:31Z

William123:

The term "world" has three distinct meanings:

1. In modern secular usage, it means simply [[Earth]].

2. In traditional Christian usage, it means the visible universe subject to God's will. "World" in English is the translation of "kosmos" from biblical Greek and "mundus" from the Latin Vulgate. Phrases such as "world without end" mean "God's universe without end," not "Earth without end."

3. In certain Christian usage, it means the world of sin and estranged from God. This is the sense when Christ said, "I am not praying for the world."<ref>John 17:9</ref>

== References ==

<references/>
[http://www.necrobabes.com The world beyond]

[[category:religion]]

Death

2007-08-13T14:51:16Z

William123:

'''Death''' is the end of a living thing's life. What death is and what occurs after death is a matter of some debate, particularly where religion is involved, since due to the inherent nature of religion, it means nobody can agree on anything.

The most reasonable assumption is that nothing happens after one dies and the body simply rots away (this would imply people do not have spirits or souls). However, since death is something people fear to varying degrees (and is a matter of taboo in some cultures), they require something comforting to help them deal with the idea they will die at some point. Generally this comfort is provided by religions, which deal with the issue in different ways. The concept of the afterlife is reassuring, despite the inability to prove or disprove the claims - as, by definition, no one can return to confirm the myths.

As the body of the deceased remains observably dead and eventually decomposes, afterlife belief requires the concept of a [[soul]] - a version of the deceased which continues to exist in some form after death.
==Personification==

Certain peoples often use a personification of death. Known to us some as the Grim Reaper or simply Death. In modern times, he usually appears wearing a black hooded robe and carrying a scythe. Many religions had a god or deity who stood for death and/or the afterlife:

Ankou (Breton)

Hades and Thanatos (Greek)

Hel (Norse)

Hun-Came (Mayan)

Izanami (Shinto)

Kamatayan (Philippines)

Loki (Norse)

Mictlantecuhtli (Aztec)

The Morrigan (Irish)

Mors (Roman)

Mot (Canaanite)

Odin (Norse)

Osiris (Egyptian)

Shemal (Semitic)

Shinigami (Japanese)

Sielulintu, Kalma, Surma (Finnish)

Thanatos (Greek)

Tuoni (Finnish)

Yama (Hindu)

Yanluo (Chinese)

==Religious Interpretations==

Some [[Christians]] believe only their bodies die, not their souls. They believe they have everlasting life in either heaven or hell once their corporal life has ended. Other Christians believe that the noncorporeal soul may die in the future, or that the death of the body equates to the death of the soul.{{fact}}

''Not that any man hath seen the Father, save he which is of God, he hath seen the Father.

Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me hath everlasting life.

I am that bread of life.''

- John 5:46-48 King James Version

Other religions, such as [[Paganism]] or [[Hinduism]], believe in [[reincarnation]] - the body will die but the soul will be transferred into a new-born, and they will live again.

== External Links ==

[http://www.necrobabes.com The world beyond]

[[Category:Biology]]
[[Category:Religion]]
[[Category:Culture]]
[[Category:Philosophy]]

Henry Kissinger

2007-08-10T16:04:02Z

William123:

[[Image:Kissinger Henry.jpg|frame|right]]
'''Henry Kissinger''' (born 1923) was an American diplomat who exercised enormous influence over the Administrations of Presidents [[Richard Nixon]] and [[Gerald Ford]], and influenced a key decision by President [[Jimmy Carter]].

Kissinger was a Machiavellian figure, skilled at manipulating people around him and currying favor in the media. At one point he admitted allowing secret wiretapping of his own aides' conversations.<ref>http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,907332,00.html?promoid=googlep</ref> When he testified before Congress, he would benefit from extraordinary exclusion of the press so that the American public would not hear his thick German accent. Kissinger's real first name was "Heinz", reflecting his birth in Germany.

Kissinger was loathed by some liberals who viewed him as a war criminal<ref>http://www.commondreams.org/views02/0611-03.htm</ref> and criticized by hardliners for [[detente]]. According to former spy and author Dr. John Coleman<ref>http://coleman300.com/</ref> Kissinger personally threatened the italian Prime Minister [[Aldo Moro]], when his plan for a government of national solidarity in Italy became a major obstacle for the [[Bildeberg Group]]'s dominance over the Middle-east region and its rich oil resources. Moro was kidnapped and killed on 1978 by the Red Brigades (BR).

Kissinger, a private employee for the Group, also participated in the death of Pakistan's [[Ali Bhutto]] in 1979. Bhutto himself revealed in his book "If I am Assassinated" how Kissinger had said to him in 1976 ''"We will make an example of you."'' Kissinger had warned Bhutto that if Pakistan continued with its nuclear program the Prime Minister would have to pay a heavy price, a statement some take to indicate an American hand in Bhutto's trial and subsequent execution.<ref>http://www.bhutto.org</ref>

Kissinger was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1973 for pulling the United States out of Vietnam, which allowed North Vietnam to take over South Vietnam.

In 1979, Kissinger and [[David Rockefeller]] reportedly exerted influence over the Carter Administration to admit the [[Shah of Iran]] into the United States.<ref>http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2003_01-03/dauherty_shah/dauherty_shah.html</ref> Carter's decision prompted angry Shiite Muslims in Iran to capture the American embassy there and hold dozens of Americans hostage for nearly a year. The national crisis contributed to the defeat of President Jimmy Carter in the 1980 election.

The aura of Kissinger's influence was due partly to a cultivated image of high intelligence, including a PhD degree from Harvard University.

== References ==

<references/>
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Peace]]
[[Category:political people]]
{{DEFAULTSORT: Kissinger, Henry}}

Boy George

2007-08-07T20:21:57Z

William123:

Born '''George Alan O'Dowd''', the [[British]] [[singer]] known as '''Boy George''' combined a strong, soulful singing [[voice]] with a provocative sense of [[fashion]], both of which were first brought to the attention of [[English]] and [[American]] audiences in the group Culture Club, for whom he served as lead singer from 1982 to 1986. The group wrote and played pop [[music]], but Boy George's androgynous persona made the group quite popular back in the 1980s.

When the group separated, he re-emerged as a solo singer in 1987 with ''Sold'', which contained a U.K. number one cover of Bread's "Everything I Own," but was unable to duplicate this success in the U.S. His second album, ''Tense Nervous Headache'' (1988), was not picked up for release in the U.S.; his third, ''Boyfriend'' (1989), was a Europe-only release, though Virgin Records cobbled the second and third albums together to present a second U.S. album, ''High Hat'' (1989). In 1991 came ''The Martyr Mantras'', another patchwork [[album]] largely made up of previously non-LP dance singles. In the U.K., it was credited to a new group, '''''Jesus Loves You''''', and released on Boy George's own More Protein record label, though [[Virgin]] in the U.S. billed it as a Boy George album.

By 1992, Boy George had faded at home, and in the U.S. his solo career had never taken off. Then he was brought in to sing a version of the '60s chestnut ''"The Crying Game"'' in a production by the Pet Shop Boys, as the title song for a movie that became the sleeper hit of the winter of 1992-1993, resulting in his first substantial U.S. hit as a solo artist. ''Cheapness and Beauty'' followed in 1995, and four years later Boy George resurfaced with the rarities collection ''Unrecoupable One Man Bandit''. Throughout the '90s, he delved back into the club scene that birthed his early romanticism, and made a name for himself as DJ in demand. It became more than a hobby toward the end of the millennium, and Boy George garnered attention in the U.K. and U.S. club circuits; such musical creativity was captured on Essential Mix, released in fall 2000.

== External Links ==

Official website:[http://web.swedevice.com/sistergeorge/main/latestnews.asp]

[[Category: Musicians]]

Boy George

2007-07-27T21:08:45Z

William123: New page: Born '''George Alan O'Dowd''', the British singer known as '''Boy George''' combined a strong, soulful singing voice with a provocative sense of fashion, both of which were...

Tina Turner

2007-07-27T13:54:17Z

William123: New page: '''Tina Turner''', born Anne Mae Bullock in 1938, is a notable African-american singer, one of the most dynamic female soul singer in the history of the music. She began her career as lead...

'''Tina Turner''', born Anne Mae Bullock in 1938, is a notable African-american singer, one of the most dynamic female soul singer in the history of the music. She began her career as lead singer of the '''Ike & Tina Turner Revue''' in the late '60s. Her gritty and growling performances beat down doors everywhere, looking back to the double-barreled attack of gospel fervor and sexual abandon that had originally formed soul in the early '50s.

Her partnership with Ike Turner marked her career. However, Ike's drug use led to increasingly erratic and physically abusive behavior towards Tina. Their marriage deteriorated, and their act lost speed largely due to Ike's refusal to accept outside management of their recording or touring as well as the cost of maintaining a rather voracious alleged cocaine habit. Touring dates began to decline and record sales were down. Having opened his own recording studio - Bolic Sound - following the lucrative success of ''Proud Mary'', Ike produced Tina's first solo album, ''Tina Turns the Country On!'' in 1974. It failed to make an impact on the charts, as did the follow-up, ''Acid Queen'' (1975), released to tie in with Tina's critically acclaimed big-screen debut in the role of the same name in The Who's rock opera, ''Tommy.''

Tina Turner finally divorced from Ike after 12 years of a difficult marriage, but she recorded only occasionally later in the decade. She resurfaced in the mid-'80s with a series of hit singles and movie appearances; her high-profile status was assured well into the '90s. Tina credits her newfound Buddhist faith with giving her the courage to eventually strike out on her own.

[[Category: Musicians]]

Robert Altman (film director)

2007-07-26T20:21:02Z

William123: New page: '''Robert Altman''' (1925 - 2006) was an American film director, producer and screenwriter known for his iconoclastic style, as well as his naturalistic perspective. In 2006, the Academy o...

'''Robert Altman''' (1925 - 2006) was an American film director, producer and screenwriter known for his iconoclastic style, as well as his naturalistic perspective. In 2006, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences recognized his body of work with an Academy Honorary Award.

After struggling in television for many years, he finally was offered the script for M*A*S*H*, which would change his luck forever. Altman directed the film, and it was a huge success, both with critics and at the box office. It was Altman's highest grossing film.

He followed it with other critical breakthroughs such as '''McCabe & Mrs. Miller''' (1971), '''The Long Goodbye''' (1974), and '''Nashville''' (1975), which made the distinctive, experimental "Altman style" well known for using overlaping dialogue.

As a director, Altman favored stories showing the interrelationships between several characters; he stated that he was more interested in character motivation than in intricate plots. As such, he tended to sketch out only a basic plot for the film, referring to the screenplay as a "blueprint" for action, and allowed his actors to improvise dialogue. This is one of the reasons Altman was known as an "actor's director," a reputation that helped him work with large casts of well-known actors, as seen in films like '''The Player''' (1992), '''Short Cuts''' (1993) and '''Gosford Park''' (2001).

== See ==
[http://www.robertaltman.com Official Site]

Ellen DeGeneres

2007-07-25T20:54:11Z

William123:

'''Ellen DeGeneres''' is an American actress, stand-up comedian, and host of the syndicated talk show ''The Ellen DeGeneres Show''. She first reached success with her own sitcom called ''Ellen'' (1994-98).
The ABC show was popular in its first few seasons due in part to DeGeneres's style of quirky observational humor; it was often referred to as a "female Seinfeld."

Ellen caused a stir in February 1997, when made her [[homosexuality]] public on The Oprah Winfrey Show. Subsequently her character on the sitcom literally came out of the closet in April of that same year; admitting she was gay to her therapist (portrayed by Oprah Winfrey). The outing episode, entitled "The Puppy Episode," was one of the highest-rated episodes of the show, but later episodes of the series would fail to match its popularity, and after sinking ratings, the show was canceled. DeGeneres returned to the stand-up comedy circuit, and would later re-establish herself as a successful talk show host.

[[Categories: Broadcasters]]

Ellen DeGeneres

2007-07-25T20:52:45Z

William123: New page: '''Ellen DeGeneres''' is an American actress, stand-up comedian, and host of the syndicated talk show ''The Ellen DeGeneres Show''. She first reached success with her own sitcom called ''...