Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

CGTN

2021-05-05T22:35:29Z

William Clifton: Updated the page

China Global Television Network, or CGTN, is a major news network from China. It has lots of search results in [[Google]], and it is praised by Microsoft's NewsGuard<ref>https://twitter.com/newsguardrating/status/1235652222681337862?lang=en</ref>. It is owned by the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in [[Beijing]], making it a Chinese state network, and it has many continental stations. CGTN was created as the re-branding of the [[CCP]]'s CCTV media organisation outside of the [[People's Republic of China]] known as "CCTV International" until 2016.

CGTN is extremely anti-Trump<ref>https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-08-14/Trump-boasts-about-his-handling-of-COVID-19-citing-misleading-data-SWC7D2iyyc/index.html</ref> and very pro-Biden<ref>https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-11-08/Biden-pledges-to-be-a-unifying-president-VfcC5nFKqQ/index.html</ref>, as Biden is obviously friends with the Chinese Communist Party.

CGTN is also anti-American.<ref>https://news.cgtn.com/news/2019-11-24/U-S-long-arm-jurisdiction-a-blatant-violation-of-international-law-LTbozt1Ru0/index.html</ref>

CGTN, as is with CCTV within Mainland China is best known for it's powerfull pro-CCP [[propaganda]] as well as broadcasting forced-confessions such as some of the members of the Causeway Bay book store dissapearences in Hong Kong ~2015 which was claimed by a former-Ministry of State Security spy to have been kidnapped by the CCP. The bookstore has since closed and has been re-established in [[Taiwan]].

{{communism}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

CCTV

2021-05-05T22:21:06Z

William Clifton: Updated this page

{{Disambig}} 

The letters CCTV may refer to two things:

[[Closed Circuit Television]]: a system where [[television cameras]] are directly connected to [[monitors]], mainly used for security purposes

[[China Central Television]]: China's national state-controlled television service which was re-branded outside of Mainland China in 2016 as "[[CGTN]]".

{{Communism}}

[[Category:Home Security]]
[[Category:Police State]]
[[Category:Surveillance]]
[[Category:Technology]]

[[Category:China]]
[[Category:Broadcasters]]
[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Propaganda]]
[[Category:Cable TV Networks]]
[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:Liberal News Organizations]]
[[Category:Liberal Media]]
[[Category:Asia]]

Tesla Motors

2021-02-25T20:36:18Z

William Clifton: Updated some information such as their website URL and added a list of their released vehicles in order of release date

[[File:Tesla-1.jpg|thumbnail|right|Tesla Motors store in [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Tesla+Motors/@41.5197555,-81.4932976,18.75z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0xc16a978aed5c7e36 Lyndhurst, Ohio] ]]

'''Tesla Motors''' is an American [[electric car]] company based in [[Palo Alto]], [[California]]. The company was founded by Malcolm Smith and Marc Tarpenning in 2003. They were joined by PayPal co-founder [[Elon Musk]], J. B. Straubel and Ian Wright the next year.<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-the-origin-story-2014-10 </ref> It designs, develops, and manufactures zero emission electric vehicles, such as the Roadster, the Model S, the Model X and the Model 3. As of April 2016, Tesla's market worth is about $32.75 billion, compared with [[GM]]’s $45.65 billion.<ref>[http://247wallst.com/autos/2016/04/12/what-the-tesla-model-3-has-against-the-toyota-prius-and-chevy-bolt/ What the Tesla Model 3 Has Against the Toyota Prius and Chevy Bolt, 247wallst, April 12, 2016]</ref> In August 2020, its market value was more than ten times higher, at $375 billion, due in large part to its exploitation of [[regulatory credits]] as required by [[liberal]], zero-emission states and countries.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2020/07/23/behind-teslas-profits/#10b08c4793e6</ref> Some commentators have described Tesla's stock as grossly overvalued while others claim that it is massively undervalued and understood; these are the people who see Tesla as a software company and not a car company.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4O_oevLs3iU - Savagegeese via [[YouTube]]</ref>

Model 3 pre-order reservations approach the 400,000 mark. The price tag is $35,000. and delivery not until the end of 2017.<ref>[http://fortune.com/2016/04/15/tesla-model-3-reservations-400000/ Tesla's Model 3 Reservations Rise to Almost 400,000 Fortune.com, April 15,2016]</ref>

Tesla has recently received universal acclaim for the Model S, first released in 2012. The Model S is one of the safest cars NHTSA has tested, and is the highest scoring car Consumer Reports has reviewed in its 80 years of publication, with a road test score of a 99 out of 100.<ref>[http://www.teslamotors.com/about/press/releases/nhtsa-reaffirms-model-s-5star-safety-rating-all-categories-model-year-2014]</ref><ref>[http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/news/2013/05/video-the-tesla-model-s-is-our-top-scoring-car/index.htm]</ref> Reasons for praise include a long driving range (for an electric vehicle), seven passenger seating, a luxurious and roomy interior, a huge, tablet like touchscreen interface on the dashboard, and operating costs half that of a [[Toyota Prius]].

Toyota and Tesla have also worked together to produce the RAV4 EV (electric vehicle), which was based on the third-gen Toyota RAV4, but had a Tesla electric power train. It was primarily sold to the public in California with fleet sales in other states. <ref>http://www.electric-vehiclenews.com/2010/11/initial-rav4-ev-sales-in-13-states.html</ref>
Sales discontinued in 2012.<ref> https://www.plugincars.com/toyota-wraps-production-rav4-ev-130150.html </ref>

==Vehicle Models (in order of release date)==
*Roadster (2008)
*Model S
*[[Tesla Model 3 | Model 3]]
*Model X
*Model Y
*Cybertruck & Cyberquad
*Roadster (2020 but still not released)
*Semi Truck
==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* [https://www.tesla.com/ Official website]

[[Category:Companies]]
[[Category:Cars]]

Mind

2021-01-15T00:04:35Z

William Clifton: Added information that it's not about the social media network, Minds

'''This page is NOT about the social media network'''

The '''mind''' is the most obvious thing which sets apart human beings from animals. Mind is not synonymous with '[[brain]]', but it is sometimes used to refer to the activities of such.

The mind has the capacity for [[thought]], including [[imagination]], [[foresight]], [[analysis]], and [[emotion]], which in various ways use the powers of the brain.

The faculties such as [[compassion]], [[empathy]], and the desire for [[justice]], point to man as [[God]]'s greatest [[Creationism|creation]].
There are many held perspectives and branches that deal with the mind.
[[Image:Mind body.jpg|left]]

==Voluntarism==
Voluntarism is the theory of the mind formulated by [[Willhelm Wundt]], and focuses on the aspect of the mind as elements. He believed that the elements were assembled through the power of the will. [[Chemistry]] played a significant role in Wundt's theory, as he attempted to use the concept of "the small makes the ultimate result".

==Structuralism==
Rather than focusing on how the mind works, Structuralism attempts to focus on what the mind is, although it shares a number of ideas with voluntarism, prohibiting it from doing so. This branch, formed by American psychologist [[Edward Titchener|Edward Bradfort Titchner]] focused on stimulus error, and contests that only well-trained observers are capable of introspecting concepts. Titchner offered no means by which a "well trained" observer could be recognised.

Like his predecessor, Wundt, Titchner listed the elements he believed made the mind function, a total of 44,000 [[sense|sensational]] elements. He further broke these elements into four categories
#Quality - What separates one sensation from another
#Intensity - How strong the sensation is
#Duration - How long a sensation lasts for
#Clearness - How detailed the sensation is

==Functionalism==
Unlike Structuralism, Functionalism focused more heavily on what the mind does, and became the dominant model of its time. Functionalism focused on how and what caused the mind to function, and this movement is most closely attributed to John Dewey and James Rowland Angell. It was William James, however, who served as the person who began the functionalist movement. His writings and works, for the most part, stated that an individual created the notion of elements by attempting to stop the mind's ongoing activity. He stated, furthermore, that it was possible for two people to experience the same event in a different way, owing to the different functions of different minds.

==The Gestalt Movement==
"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" best summarises the Gestalt movement. This branch referred to Structuralism and Functionalism as "brick and mortar psychology", and saw the "whole" experience of the mind as a Gestalt. The primary characteristic of the Gestalt is the importancs of the consciousness, and the belief that wholes cannot be reduced to a listing with a description of the parts. The Gestalt movement proposed [[Principles of Perception]], which focus on how we tend to group objects.
#Proximity - Similar objects group
#Similarity - Similar looking objects group, even despite proximity
#Pragnanz - The idea that we naturally attempt to make a "perfect shape"
#Closure - Our tendency to complete incomplete shapes.

This particular theory was proposed by German Cognitive Scientists [[Max Wertheimer]], [[Kurt Koffa]], and [[Wolfgang Kohler]]

==Psychoanalysis==
Perhaps the most well known branch, Psychoanalysis was founded by [[Sigmund Freud]] and focuses on the three divisions of the mind, the [[Ego]], the [[Superego]], and the [[Id]]. Freud proposed that the Id, being completely unconscious, was in control of our wants and desires, and demanded immediate satisfaction of its wants. The Superego was responsible for our ethical sense, seeking to suppress the Id, and the Ego balanced the needs of the Id and Superego. The Ego operates on what Freud termed the "reality principle", operating in a rational and pragmatic fashion.

==Behaviorism==
The weaknesses in Freud's theory were the strengths that made up Behaviorism. Instead of attempting to describe the complexity of the mind, the Behaviorist branch focused on behavior. In the view of Behaviorists, the internal workings of the ind are too complex to be measured in an objective and scientific fashion, and that behaviors, being observable, are the best way to describe the mind. Humans, for the sake of study, were ''de facto'' lumped into the same category as animals, making behaviorism a more general science.

==Quotes==
Rev. [[Sun Myung Moon]] said,

:We should live based on the mind. However, this world has become a totally [[materialistic]] world in which many people do not even think about whether they have a mind or not. We can understand this fact by looking at the current education system, which puts so much emphasis on materialistic [[civilization]] and [[values]]. Modern people have such little regard for the valuable mind inside each person. Rather, their focus is fixed on the money before their eyes. They drift towards denying the mind and [[God]]. [http://www.unification.org/ucbooks/theofed/Theory_Education4.html#999237]

==Mind in Buddhism==
Mind or ''Samjna'' in [[Sanskrit]] is the third of the [[Five aggregates]] in [[Buddhist]] philosophy of mind.

==See also==
* [[Meditation]]
* [[Psychology]]
* [[Mind/body]]
* [[Alois P. Swoboda]]
* [[Herbert Benson]]

[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Meditation]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Five Aggregates]]
[[Category:Theory of Mind]]

One America News Network

2020-12-09T23:24:32Z

William Clifton:

'''One America News Network''' (OAN or OANN) is an independent cable news channel owned by Herring Networks. Based out of [[San Diego]], [[California]], the network is best known for its news reports which are objective and straightforward and its [[conservative]] talk shows ''The Daily Ledger'' hosted by Graham Ledger and ''Tipping Point'' hosted by Liz Wheeler.

[[Wikipedia]] claims in its article on OANN that the channel "has been noted for promoting falsehoods and conspiracy theories"<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=One_America_News_Network&diff=855500727&oldid=855372138 One America News Network article at Wikipedia, August 18, 2018]</ref> as a means to discredit and dismiss factual reports (including claims of those stories being "debunked") that have aired on the channel,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=One_America_News_Network&diff=851495078&oldid=851319510 One America News Network article at Wikipedia, July 22, 2018]</ref> but have frequently included false information about OANN and the news stories the channel has covered in the site's article<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=One_America_News_Network&diff=prev&oldid=852385075 One America News Network article at Wikipedia, July 28, 2018]</ref><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=One_America_News_Network&diff=856663729&oldid=856662987 One America News Network article at Wikipedia, August 26, 2018]</ref> and have used liberal-biased (and thus non-credible) sources to back their claims.

OANN, a conservative news source, filed a legal brief in support of U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] being allowed to revoke [[CNN]]'s [[Jim Acosta]] press pass when [[Fox News]] sided with the [[liberal media]].<ref>Samuels, Brett (November 15, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/416954-conservative-outlet-one-america-news-files-brief-in-support-of-white-house-in Conservative outlet One America News files brief in support of White House in CNN legal battle]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 15, 2018.</ref>

OANN is a potential conservative competitor to the increasingly liberal [[Fox News]].<ref>Adelmann, Bob (January 13, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34600-trump-supporters-floating-purchase-of-oan-network-as-fox-moves-leftward Trump Supporters Floating Purchase of OAN Network as Fox Moves Leftward]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 13, 2020.</ref>

==White House Correspondents Association==
The [[White House Correspondents Association]] (WHCA) tried to censor OANN during the [[Chinese Communist coronavirus pandemic]] because of its anti-[[CCP propaganda war]] reporting (with one of the WHCA's members, [[CNN]] reporter [[Oliver Darcy]], even going so far as to smear OANN as a "small right-wing outlet" and lie about one of its reporters in a Twitter post [[discrediting attack|in a weak attempt at discrediting it]]), while simultaneously and hypocritically allowing a propagandist/"reporter" from Hong Kong-based CCP propaganda outlet Phoenix TV to attend White House press conferences and state the official CCP propaganda line regarding its claimed "contributions" during the [[CCP virus]] pandemic to President [[Donald Trump]] instead of asking actual relevant questions, which Trump called her out on.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5IreHffSms Chinese Communist Media Infiltrates White House Presser] at One America News Network YouTube channel</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nPuz9M9Y8JI White House Press Corps exposed as blatantly biased] at One America News Network YouTube channel</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SpZOAAF05s White House Correspondents Association Backs Freedom of Speech Into a Corner] at One America News Network YouTube channel</ref>

==Google/YouTube censorship and liberal media attacks==
In November 2020, [[Google]]-owned [[YouTube]] illegally blocked OANN from uploading videos to its YouTube channel for one week and demonitized the channel after it posted a video that reported the truth about the [[CCP flu]] and about the illegality and unconstitutionality of the lockdowns being imposed by [[Democrat]] governors and mayors.<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2020/11/youtube-suspends-demonetizes-one-america-news-network/ YouTube Suspends, Demonetizes One America News Network] at the Gateway Pundit</ref> YouTube also deleted the video, while [[Axios]], which first reported the illegal suspension by YouTube, falsely claimed that OANN was "spreading misinformation" and that the video was "promoting a phony cure" for the CCP flu, while [[CNN]] "reporter"/hack Donie O'Sullivan likewise falsely claimed, without proof, that OANN "has become a hub of conspiracy theories undermining the integrity of the election" while ignoring that it is the Democrat Party itself that has undermined electoral integrity through its use of [[Biden Putsch|illegal vote fraud]] to steal the [[2020 presidential election]] for [[Joe Biden]], which the [[liberal media]] has conveniently chosen to ignore to cover for their Democrat puppetmasters. The left-wing [[Anti-Defamation League]] also opined on the YouTube attack on OANN, claiming that YouTube's actions were "insufficient" and, in also covering for [[Democrat election fraud]], falsely claimed, also without proof, that the channel had been "spreading electoral misinformation".

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.oann.com/ Official site]

[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Cable TV Networks]]
[[Category:YouTube]]
[[Category:Conservative Media]]

Daniel Michael Andrews

2020-09-08T12:53:44Z

William Clifton: Created page with "Dan Andrews"

[[Dan Andrews]]

Daniel Andrews

2020-09-08T12:53:08Z

William Clifton: Created page with "Dan Andrews"

[[Dan Andrews]]

Dan Andrews

2020-09-08T12:51:43Z

William Clifton: I've created this page on Comrade Daniel Andrews and so feel free to expand on it as new information comes out

Daniel Michael Andrews is an [[Australia | Australian]] politician and is the Incumbent premier of The People's Republic of Victoria, Australia.
Born 06/July/1972 is the current leader of the Far-left wing Australian Labour Party since 2010 and between 2010 and 2014, he was the leader of the opposition in Parliament.
Dan Andrews has also represented the Electoral seat of Mulgrave, south-east [[Melbourne]] since 2002.

==Time in Office ==
During Dan Andrew's time in office, he has done many things of which the most notable is listed below:
*Privatising the port of Melbourne on a 50 year lease to the government with a return of AUS$9.7Billion (or GBP£5.3Billion or US$7.033Billion)
*Signing on the State of Victoria onto a memerandum of understanding with the [[CCP]] in the [[People's Republic of China]] in order to get the state that he runs to join the [[Belt and Road Initiative]] aka One Belt, One Debt Trap
*Locking down the state of Victoria during the [[Wuhan Coronavirus]] aka [[CCP Virus]] outbreak and then adding on an additional nighttime [[Curfew]] just to make the police's job "easier" according to Andrews.

==Wuhan Virus Lockdown and Dictator Dan turning Victoria into a police state ==
During the Wuhan Virus outbreak, [[Comrade]] Daniel Andrews locked down the state (like most places did at the time) during the early part of 2020. A short while after the lockdown, Andrews turned full [[Communist]] and imposed a night-time curfew on the state of Victoria despite the state's Chief Health Officer<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8708331/Victorias-chief-health-officer-admits-DIDNT-advise-Dan-Andrews-bring-curfew.html</ref> stating that it was never reccomended to implement any curfew in Melbourne, Victoria.

===During the lockdown and curfew as imposed by Daniel Andrews===
During the lockdown and curfew a few things that have happened have showed that Daniel Andrews is a communist [[tyrant]] seeking more power:
*In late August, Resident, Jordan Hales in the state was harrased by police for taking out his bins to the side of the road after curfew came into effect with the police claiming that they don't need a warrant under the "medical act" to enter his home when Hales asked for a warrant to enter his home.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgydOJPzQfs</ref> The police later called Jordan Hales a liar by telling a different story of events which they claimed were investigating the theft of a car but the police did not release the bodycam footage which would contain the audio which would either prove/disprove Jordan Hale's story of events.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikkhwsYu-fo</ref>
*On the 2nd September 2020, a pregnant woman was arrested in her home for "[[thoughtcrime]]" while the "[[police]] searched her home with a warrant accusing her of "incitement" after she posted on [[Facebook]] calling for a "socially distanced rally against the quarantine measures across the state" in reference to those coming from outside the state would be forced to quarantine inside a hotel against their wishes.<ref>https://www.rt.com/news/499668-australia-pregnant-woman-arrested-lockdown/</ref>A video of the arrest shows that the woman was arrested in front of her children just hours before an ultrasound was due to take place even though the woman said that should be okay to take down the post off facebook. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pym4q9tladg&t=6s</ref>
*2 days after the pregnant woman was arrested for thoughtcrime, an ex-ADF soldier was arrested for the same reason. The ex-soldier was arrested after he posted a Facebook video in which he said that he would be going to an Anti-lockdown protest while encouraging others not to attend.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBU4FTev0N4&t=50s</ref>
*During the Anti-lockdown protests, Journalist Avi Yemini who currently works for [[Rebel News]] but had previously worked for TR.News which is owned by [[Tommy Robinson]] was suddenly arrested while doing journalism at the event. Avi Yemini who is also Jewish (so could be a sign of [[antisemitism]]? He was the only "journalist" arrested there although others were threatened of arrest) was let go free at the event but was told to leave the area was later intimidated at his home during the middle of the night which was seen as something that would only happen in [[China]] or [[Nazi Germany]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8TGRi2GusCI&t=10s</ref> This was all while a few weeks earler, Andrews and the police force allowed a [[Black Lives Matter]] demonstration to take place.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSQPnhFyc9M</ref>
==sources listed below==

User:William Clifton

2020-06-28T15:45:07Z

William Clifton:

Thanks for checking by. I Used to edit Wikipedia but since most of my edits were undone due to not being politically correct or fitting into the eco-terrorism narrative I now mostly edit on Conservapedia.
See my Wikipedia page Here: https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/user:wclifton968

My political view is Right-wing Libertarianism with the ideas of Free Market capitalistm which have been influenced by folk such as [[Milton Friedman]] and [[Walter Williams]] and some of the political views from folk like [[Walter Williams]], Stephen-Yaxley-Lennon ([[Tommy Robinson]]), [[Geert Wilders]], [[Carl Benjamin]] (Sargon of Akkad), [[Mark Meecham]] (Count Dankula), [[John Stossel]], [[John McAfee]] and Dave Cullen (Computing Forever.com).

Windows 8

2020-04-26T00:50:31Z

William Clifton: I fixed an issue where the page says that Windows 8 was the first MS Operating system to run on ARM Chips however that is factually incorrect and Windows NT 4.0 could run on ARM Processors which I think was designed for the Acorn Archemedies line of PCs.

'''Windows 8''' is an Microsoft operating system which was released to the public in October 26, 2012.<ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-8s-delivery-date-october-26/</ref> It was mostly replaced by [[Windows 8.1]] just one year after its release. Windows 8 was marketed as a "landmark development", in operating systems, made by Microsoft, trending towards a more "mobile" interface (compatible with [[Smartphone]]s and tablet computers). Windows 8 was be the first Microsoft operating system which supported [[ARM]] processors since Windows NT 4.0 (1995), which were also trending towards the mobile phone market.<ref name="getitnow">http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-8/consumer-preview</ref>

==History==
Windows 8 was first announced in early January, 2011, at the Consumer Electronics Show. Shortly after, it was shown first time, at the Taipei (Taiwan) Computex 2011. By April, 2011, the first version of Windows 8 was leaked, to Beta Archive, a popular peer2peer website. Uploads to websites like the Pirate Bay soon followed, regardless of legal threats by Microsoft. By the end of April, Microsoft realized it was fighting a losing battle, and publicly made Windows 8 available on its website.<ref name="getitnow" />

==New Features==
*'''Metro UI''', the new User Interface, that will be more appealing to mobile phone customers. It was written in C++, with large portions of C libraries being recycled. New apps for it can be acquired through the upcoming Windows Store.
*'''Internet Explorer 10''', which will act as an app, not as a full blown application. It will run of the Metro UI libraries.
*Integration with SkyDrive. This will allow users to log in with their Windows Live Profiles. It is believed that the same can be achieved with an Xbox Live account.
*Mobile Phone authentication methods. Following Linux [[Android]]'s suit, users will now be able to log in with a graphical drawing, by connecting dots, or a 4 digit pin, in addition to the password.
*Hybrid boot, to allow the computer to boot faster.
*Refresh and Reset, that allow a computer to be either "refreshed", brought back to ordinary settings, without losing files, and reset, which formats the hard drive, and returns it to an OEM state.<ref name="newfeature">Bright, Peter. (2011-09-18) Making the lives of IT easier: Windows 8 Refresh, Reset, and Windows To Go. Ars Technica. Retrieved on 2011-10-14.</ref>

==Surveillance and Privacy==
Windows 8 can aggregate "sensitive user information" that could be used to "understand the conditions and activities of our national economy and society", and alleged that per documents leaked by [[Edward Snowden]], the U.S. government had worked with [[Microsoft]] to retrieve encrypted information.

==See also==
* [[Linux]]
* [[Tails operating system]]
* [[Right to Privacy]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:American Inventions]]
[[Category:Operating Systems]]

The Epoch Times

2020-04-24T21:40:31Z

William Clifton: Images didn't load so the links have been removed and after looking through the site, you need certain privilages in order to upload images...

'''''The Epoch Times''''' is a [[conservative]], [[anti-communist]] American newspaper<ref name='capitalresearch'>{{cite web |title=NBC News Fails CRC Fact Check: The Epoch Times Is No Pro-Trump Dark Money Operation |url=https://capitalresearch.org/article/nbc-news-fails-crc-fact-check-the-epoch-times-is-no-pro-trump-dark-money-operation/ |website=capitalresearch.org |accessdate=6 October 2019}}</ref> founded in 2000 by Chinese immigrants who fled persecution by the Communist regime. There are editions in over 30 countries which are published in more than 20 languages.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/about-us</ref> It is known for its reporting on the [[Spygate]] scandal in which Obama administration official and [[deep state]] agents spied on the Trump campaign.

The Epoch Times is currently owned by the Epoch Times Media Group which also owns NTD, a New York-based TV channel which currently broadcasts in the US and Canada. NTD broadcasts the same things as what the Epoch Times prints as well as producing 2 crowdfunded programs called [https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDChinaUncensored China Uncensored] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_7vFlErTHxVD-IFNB-BFCg America Uncovered] which focuses on both Chinese and American politics respectively; both programs have segments first broadcast via YouTube then several segments are combined into 30-minute episodes which are then broadcast on NTD. NTD is currently based in [[New York City]]. The Epoch Times also produces a series of [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZmkvHLQu76lYbW1w9FoGzQ YouTube] videos hosted by [[Larry Elder]] with the slogan of "we've got a country to save!"

On April 9, 2020, the Epoch Times released a documentary where they tried to find the source of the [[CCP virus]] ([[SARS-CoV-2]]) which has since been published on an array of YouTube channels.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bXWGxhd7ic</ref> And a day later, the author of the Documentary, Joshua Phillip had an interview with Ezra Levant of [[Rebel News]].<ref>https://www.rebelnews.com/exposing_the_chinese_communist_origin_of_the_wuhan_virus_interview_with_the_epoch_times_joshua_philipp</ref>

==Mainstream media smear campaign==
In August 2019, [[NBC]] and [[MSNBC]] began a smear campaign slandering ''The Epoch Times''. It published textbook [[fake news]] articles complete with claims from "unnamed" (i.e. non-existent) sources without providing any evidence about the organization, as well as dismissing the ''Epoch Times''<nowiki>'</nowiki> reporting of the Spygate scandal as a "conspiracy theory" without providing any factual rebuttal, take it a step further when [[Rachel Maddow]] showed footage from an unrelated YouTube show about conspiracy theories, claiming that was content produced by The Epoch Times. NBC also reiterated propaganda talking points made by the Chinese Communist party on the [[Falun Gong]] spiritual practice banned in China, while downplaying the scale of the regime's crackdown on the practice.<ref name='capitalresearch'/><ref>{{cite news |title=Why NBC, MSNBC’s Reporting on The Epoch Times Is Textbook Fake News |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=22 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |title=Epoch Times Statement in Response to NBC Facebook Stories |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/epoch-times-statement-in-response-to-nbc-facebook-stories_3053492.html |accessdate=7 October 2019 |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=23 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregory |first1=Stephen |title=Opinion {{!}} NBC News Smears a Competitor |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/nbc-news-smears-a-competitor-11566947297?mod=rsswn |work=WSJ}}</ref>

NBC claimed that the Epoch Times spent money on "pro-Trump" Facebook ads, despite the fact that they were advertisements for the print newspaper's subscription which highlighted articles on Trump, In response to the report from NBC, Facebook banned ads for The Epoch Times, despite the fact that The New York Times, CNN and other mainstream media organizations have also aired similar Facebook ads.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.theepochtimes.com Official website]

[[Category:Conservative News Organizations]]
[[Category:Conservative Newspapers]]
[[Category:Conservative Websites]]

The Epoch Times

2020-04-24T21:36:23Z

William Clifton: added logos for NTDTV, The Epoch Times and the popular "China Uncensored". The preview wasn't loading for me so hopefully the images load as they are just web links

<gallery>
https://www.theepochtimes.com/assets/themes/eet/images/logo_eet.svg|Logo for '''The Epoch Times'''
https://yt3.ggpht.com/a/AATXAJxHRvpYAVSN7mjtk7BQfrhaPdtAzRk46PnpDQ=s100-c-k-c0xffffffff-no-rj-mo|Logo for '''NTD TV'''
https://yt3.ggpht.com/a/AATXAJy4Ranl_2byE0DZx0NzfMFXshs1c7gq5hBG=s100-c-k-c0xffffffff-no-rj-mo |Logo For '''[https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDChinaUncensored China Uncensored]''' which is a popular program on NTD and YouTube which mixes Chinese politics with comedy and is subtitled onto seperate YouTube channels in multiple languages.
</gallery>
'''''The Epoch Times''''' is a [[conservative]], [[anti-communist]] American newspaper<ref name='capitalresearch'>{{cite web |title=NBC News Fails CRC Fact Check: The Epoch Times Is No Pro-Trump Dark Money Operation |url=https://capitalresearch.org/article/nbc-news-fails-crc-fact-check-the-epoch-times-is-no-pro-trump-dark-money-operation/ |website=capitalresearch.org |accessdate=6 October 2019}}</ref> founded in 2000 by Chinese immigrants who fled persecution by the Communist regime. There are editions in over 30 countries which are published in more than 20 languages.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/about-us</ref> It is known for its reporting on the [[Spygate]] scandal in which Obama administration official and [[deep state]] agents spied on the Trump campaign.

The Epoch Times is currently owned by the Epoch Times Media Group which also owns NTD, a New York-based TV channel which currently broadcasts in the US and Canada. NTD broadcasts the same things as what the Epoch Times prints as well as producing 2 crowdfunded programs called [https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDChinaUncensored China Uncensored] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_7vFlErTHxVD-IFNB-BFCg America Uncovered] which focuses on both Chinese and American politics respectively; both programs have segments first broadcast via YouTube then several segments are combined into 30-minute episodes which are then broadcast on NTD. NTD is currently based in [[New York City]]. The Epoch Times also produces a series of [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZmkvHLQu76lYbW1w9FoGzQ YouTube] videos hosted by [[Larry Elder]] with the slogan of "we've got a country to save!"

On April 9, 2020, the Epoch Times released a documentary where they tried to find the source of the [[CCP virus]] ([[SARS-CoV-2]]) which has since been published on an array of YouTube channels.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bXWGxhd7ic</ref> And a day later, the author of the Documentary, Joshua Phillip had an interview with Ezra Levant of [[Rebel News]].<ref>https://www.rebelnews.com/exposing_the_chinese_communist_origin_of_the_wuhan_virus_interview_with_the_epoch_times_joshua_philipp</ref>

==Mainstream media smear campaign==
In August 2019, [[NBC]] and [[MSNBC]] began a smear campaign slandering ''The Epoch Times''. It published textbook [[fake news]] articles complete with claims from "unnamed" (i.e. non-existent) sources without providing any evidence about the organization, as well as dismissing the ''Epoch Times''<nowiki>'</nowiki> reporting of the Spygate scandal as a "conspiracy theory" without providing any factual rebuttal, take it a step further when [[Rachel Maddow]] showed footage from an unrelated YouTube show about conspiracy theories, claiming that was content produced by The Epoch Times. NBC also reiterated propaganda talking points made by the Chinese Communist party on the [[Falun Gong]] spiritual practice banned in China, while downplaying the scale of the regime's crackdown on the practice.<ref name='capitalresearch'/><ref>{{cite news |title=Why NBC, MSNBC’s Reporting on The Epoch Times Is Textbook Fake News |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=22 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |title=Epoch Times Statement in Response to NBC Facebook Stories |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/epoch-times-statement-in-response-to-nbc-facebook-stories_3053492.html |accessdate=7 October 2019 |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=23 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregory |first1=Stephen |title=Opinion {{!}} NBC News Smears a Competitor |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/nbc-news-smears-a-competitor-11566947297?mod=rsswn |work=WSJ}}</ref>

NBC claimed that the Epoch Times spent money on "pro-Trump" Facebook ads, despite the fact that they were advertisements for the print newspaper's subscription which highlighted articles on Trump, In response to the report from NBC, Facebook banned ads for The Epoch Times, despite the fact that The New York Times, CNN and other mainstream media organizations have also aired similar Facebook ads.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.theepochtimes.com Official website]

[[Category:Conservative News Organizations]]
[[Category:Conservative Newspapers]]
[[Category:Conservative Websites]]

Taiwan

2020-04-16T21:02:04Z

William Clifton: /* Economy */ changed GDP and added National debt figures to today's date of 16/04/2020 with information from the website "USdebtclock.org"

{{Country
|name =Republic of China (Taiwan)<ref name=MOFA>''[http://multilingual.mofa.gov.tw/web/web_UTF-8/MOFA/glance2018-2019/English.pdf 2018-2019 Taiwan at a glance]'', Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). The table on the inside cover says, "Official name: Republic of China (Taiwan)." Under the Nationalists, the official name of the country was simply "Republic of China."</ref> ''Zhōnghuá Mínguó'' 中華民國
|map =Taiwanmap.jpg
|map2 =Taiwan location.png
|flag =Flag of Taiwan ROC.png
|arms =Arms of Taiwan.png
|capital =Taipei
|capital-raw =
|government =
|government-raw =
|language =Chinese
|king =
|queen =
|monarch-raw =
|president =Tsai Ing-wen
|president-raw =
|chancellor =
|chancellor-raw =
|pm =Lin Chuan
|pm-raw =
|area =13,974 sq mi
|pop =23,570,000<ref name=MOFA2>''[http://multilingual.mofa.gov.tw/web/web_UTF-8/MOFA/glance2018-2019/English.pdf 2018-2019 Taiwan at a glance]'', Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan).</ref>
|pop-basis =2017
|gdp =
|gdp-year =
|gdp-pc =
|currency =New Taiwan dollar
|idd =
|tld =
}}
'''Taiwan''' is an island state and a democracy in East Asia. The population was 23.57 million in 2017 and the dominant language is Chinese.<ref name=MOFA2 /> In 2012, it had the 20th largest economy in the world, according to the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>Taiwan's GDP for 2012 was $902 billion (PPP).</ref> Neighboring states include China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The capital is [[Taipei]] in the north of the island. Known for its natural beauty, the country is 245 miles long and 89 miles wide, with a steep central mountain range and plains on the west coast.

The Dutch East India Company had a trading post on Taiwan in the seventeenth century. The island was acquired by Japan in 1895 as a result of the Sino-Japanese War. It was returned to China in 1945 at the end of World War II. The current division between Taiwan and the mainland originated in 1949, when the [[Chinese Nationalist Party]], or KMT, was defeated by the communists in the Chinese Civil War, fled the mainland, and relocated to Taiwan.

The [[United Nations]] and most non-communist states continued to recognize "Nationalist China" in Taiwan as the legitimate government of China until 1971. At this time, the Nationalists were expelled from the U.N. and China's seat was reassigned to Beijing. The communist government in Beijing claims Taiwan as a renegade province. President Jimmy Carter withdrew U.S. recognition of Taiwan in 1979, and Congress passed the Taiwan Relations Act to regulate relations between the two countries.

Taiwan was under marital law from 1948 until 1987. During this period, Taiwan was a one-party state and opposition political activity was not permitted. The country held its first democratic presidential election in 1996. A presidential election in January 2016 was won by Tsai Ing-wen of the Democratic Progressive Party. Her party, strongly opposed by China, stresses "Taiwanization" as opposed to Chinese identity. The Western media often accuses Beijing of treating Taiwan as a "renegade province," although the Chinese media denies this.<ref>"The mainland has never called Taiwan a "renegade province" and has repeatedly stressed that the cross-straits negotiation will not be one between the central government and a local government, it will be an equal negotiation under the One-China principle." ("[http://en.people.cn/english/200005/16/eng20000516_40946.html Taiwan's New Leader Urged to Recognize One-China Principle]", ''People's Daily'', May 17, 2000.)</ref>

==People==
Taiwan has a population of 23 million. Numbering more than 18 million, the "native" Taiwanese, are descendants of migrants from Fujian and Guangdong provinces on the mainland, primarily in the 18th and 19th centuries. The "mainlanders," who arrived in Taiwan after 1945, came from all parts of China. About 485,000 "aborigines" (indigenous peoples of Taiwan who have not mixed with other peoples in recent times) inhabit the mountainous central and eastern parts of the island and are believed to be of Malayo-Polynesian origin. Of Taiwan's total population, approximately one million, or 4.4 percent, currently reside in mainland China.
*Population (2007): 23.0 million.
*Annual growth rate (2007): 0.36 percent.
*Languages: Mandarin (official), Taiwanese, Hakka.
*Education: Years compulsory—9. Attendance (2006)--99.0 percent. Literacy (2006)--97.5 percent.
*Health: Infant mortality rate (2006)--0.46 percent. Life expectancy (2006)--77.46 years; male 74.57 years.; female 80.81 years.
*Work force (2007): 10.7 million.

====Language====
{{Language box
|s=台灣
|t=臺灣
|p=Táiwān
|w=Tai-wan
}}Taiwan's official language and medium of instruction is Chinese. The Taiwanese form of the spoken language, known as ''Guóyǔ'' (national language), does not differ significantly from the ''Pǔtōnghuà'' (common speech) spoken on the mainland. Taiwan uses the "unsimplified" characters of pre-communist China, so its writing system is distinct. Most Taiwanese speak Minnan, or Taiwanese, as their first language. Minnan is also spoken in southern Fujian. Recently there has been a growing use of Taiwanese in the broadcast media. The Hakka, who are concentrated in several counties throughout Taiwan, have their own distinct language. Minnan, Hakka, and Mandarin are members of the Chinese language family. As a result of more than half a century of Japanese rule, many older people can also speak Japanese.

From 2002 to 2008, Tongyu Pinyin ("general-use spelling of sounds") was Taiwan's official Romanization system. This system is a variant of the Hanyu Pinyin system used on the mainland. Taiwan adopted Hanyu Pinyin officially in 2008. In practice, Taiwanese use of the Latin alphabet remains chaotic.

====Religion====
According to the Interior Ministry, there are about 11.2 million religious believers in Taiwan, with more than 75 percent identifying themselves as [[Buddhist]]s or [[Taoist]]s. At the same time, there is a strong belief in traditional folk religion throughout the island. These are not mutually exclusive, and many people practice a combination of the three. [[Confucian]]ism also is an honored school of thought and ethical code. Christian churches have been active on Taiwan for many years, and today, the island has more than 600,000 Christians, a majority of whom are Protestant.

====Culture====
Taiwan's culture is a blend of Chinese, Japanese, local Taiwanese and Western influences. Fine arts, folk traditions, and popular culture embody traditional and modern, Asian, and Western motifs. One of Taiwan's greatest attractions is the Palace Museum, which houses over 650,000 pieces of Chinese bronze, jade, calligraphy, painting, and porcelain. This collection was moved from the mainland in 1949 when Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Party (KMT) fled to Taiwan. The collection is so extensive that only 1 percent is on display at any one time.

====Education====
A nine-year public educational system has been in effect since 1979. Six years of elementary school and 3 years of junior high are compulsory for all children. About 96.2 percent of junior high graduates continue their studies in either a senior high or vocational school. Taiwan has an extensive higher education system with 163 institutions of higher learning. Each year, about 170,000 students attempt to enter higher education institutes; about 69 percent of the candidates are admitted to a college or university. Opportunities for graduate education are expanding in Taiwan, but many students travel abroad for advanced education. In 2006, over 16,000 U.S. student visas were issued to Taiwan passport holders.

==Government==
The authorities in Taipei exercise control over Taiwan, Quemoy, Matsu, the Penghus (Pescadores) and several other smaller islands. Taiwan is divided into counties, provincial municipalities, and two special municipalities, Taipei and Kaohsiung. At the end of 1998, the Constitution was amended to make all counties and cities directly administered by the Executive Yuan. From 1949 until 1991, the authorities on Taiwan claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all of China, including the mainland. In keeping with that claim, when the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan in 1949, they re-established the full array of central political bodies, which had existed on the mainland. While much of this structure remains in place, the authorities on Taiwan in 1991 abandoned their claim of governing mainland China, stating that they do not "dispute the fact that the PRC controls mainland China."

The first National Assembly, elected on the mainland in 1947 to carry out the duties of choosing the president and amending the constitution, was re-established on Taiwan when the KMT moved. Because it was impossible to hold subsequent elections to represent constituencies on the mainland, representatives elected in 1947-1948 held these seats "indefinitely." In June 1990, however, the Council of Grand Justices mandated the retirement, effective December 1991, of all remaining "indefinitely" elected members of the National Assembly and other bodies.

The second National Assembly, elected in 1991, was composed of 325 members. The majority were elected directly, while 100 were chosen from party slates in proportion to the popular vote. This National Assembly amended the Constitution in 1994, paving the way for the direct election of the president and vice president the first of which was held in March 1996. In April 2000, the members of the National Assembly voted to permit their terms of office to expire without holding new elections. The National Assembly elected in 2005 voted to abolish itself the following month, leaving Taiwan with a unicameral legislature. The president is both leader of Taiwan and Commander-in-Chief of its armed forces. The president has authority over four of the five administrative branches (Yuan): Executive, Control, Judicial, and Examination. The president appoints the president of the Executive Yuan, who also serves as the premier. The premier and the cabinet members are responsible for government policy and administration.

The main lawmaking body, the Legislative Yuan, was originally elected in the late 1940s in parallel with the National Assembly. The first LY had 773 seats and was viewed as a "rubber stamp" institution. The second LY was not elected until 1992. The third LY, elected in 1995, had 157 members serving 3-year terms, while the fourth LY, elected in 1998, was enlarged to 225 members. The LY has greatly enhanced its standing in relation to the Executive Yuan and has established itself as a major player on the central level. With increasing strength, size, and complexity, the LY now mirrors Taiwan's recently liberalized political system. In the 1992 and 1995 elections, the main opposition party—the Democratic Progressive Party—challenged the half-century of KMT dominance of the Legislature. In both elections, the DPP won a significant share of the LY seats, leaving only half of the LY seats in the hands of the KMT. In 2001, the DPP won a plurality of LY seats—88 to KMT's 66, PFP's 45, TSU's 13, and other parties' 13. In the December 2004 LY election, the Pan-Blue coalition won a slender majority of 114 of the 225 seats compared to the Pan-Green coalition's 101. The LY was halved in size from 225 to 113 seats by constitutional amendments in 2005. In the January 2008 LY election, the first to be held under this new structure, the KMT won an absolute majority of 81 seats to the DPP's 27 seats, with the remaining five seats going to independent and small party candidates.

In 1994, when the National Assembly voted to allow direct popular election of the president, the LY passed legislation allowing for the direct election of the governor of Taiwan Province and the mayors of Taipei and Kaohsiung special municipalities. These elections were first held in 1994. In a move to streamline administration, the position of elected governor was abolished at the end of 1998, and most other elements of the Taiwan provincial government have been eliminated.

The Control Yuan monitors the efficiency of public service and investigates instances of corruption. The 29 Control Yuan members are appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly; they serve six-year terms. In recent years, the Control Yuan has become more activist, and it has conducted several major investigations and impeachments. Since 2004, however, the pan-Blue dominated LY has refused to approve the new slate of CY members proposed by President Chen, leaving the CY inactive.

The Judicial Yuan administers Taiwan's court system. It includes a 16-member Council of Grand Justices that interprets the constitution. Grand Justices are appointed by the president, with the consent of the National Assembly, to nine-year terms.

The Examination Yuan functions as a civil service commission and includes two ministries: the Ministry of Examination, which recruits officials through competitive examination, and the Ministry of Personnel, which manages the civil service. The president appoints the president of the Examination Yuan.

===Principal government officials===
*President—Tsai Ing-wen
*Vice President—Chen Chien-jen
*Premier—Lai Ching‑te
*Vice Premier--
*Secretary-General, Executive Yuan—Chuo Rung-tai
*Minister of the Interior—Liai Liou-yi
*Minister of Foreign Affairs—Francisco H. L. Lin
*Minister of National Defense—Chen Chao-min
*Minister of Finance—Li Sush-der
*Minister of Education—Cheng Jei-cheng

===Political conditions===
Until 1986, Taiwan's political system was effectively controlled by one party, the Kuomintang (KMT), the chairman of which was also Taiwan's President. As the ruling party, the KMT was able to fill appointed positions with its members and maintain political control of the island. President Chiang Kai-shek ruled by military dictatorship, declared martial law, and also had a secret police, to silence operation, quite like what his counterpart Mao Zedong was doing. The Taiwanese military was complete with political commissars copied directly from the soviet union, his secret police quick to silence opposition.

After 1986, the KMT's hold on power was challenged by the emergence of competing political parties. Before 1986, candidates opposing the KMT ran in elections as independents or "nonpartisans." Before the 1986 island-wide elections, many "nonpartisans" grouped together to create Taiwan's first new political party, the Democratic Progressive Party. Despite the official ban on forming new political parties, Taiwan authorities did not prohibit the DPP from operating, and in the 1986 island-wide elections, DPP and independent candidates captured more than 20 percent of the vote. In 1987, President Chiang Ching-kuo lifted the emergency decree, which had been in place since 1948 and which had granted virtually unlimited powers to the president for use in the anti-communist campaign. This decree provided the basis for nearly four decades of martial law under which individuals and groups expressing dissenting views were dealt with harshly. Expressing views contrary to the authorities' claim to represent all of China or supporting independent legal status for Taiwan was treated as sedition. Since ending martial law, Taiwan has taken dramatic steps to improve respect for human rights and create a democratic political system. Almost all restrictions on the press have ended, restrictions on personal freedoms have been relaxed, and the prohibition against organizing new political parties has been lifted. Lee Teng-hui succeeded Chiang Ching-kuo as president when Chiang died in 1988.

====Political parties====
In addition to the KMT (described above in 'History' and 'Political Conditions'), there is one other major political party, the DPP, whose membership is made up largely of native Taiwanese, and whose platform includes outspoken positions on some of the most sensitive issues in Taiwan politics. For example, the DPP maintains that Taiwan is an entity separate from mainland China, in contrast to the KMT position that Taiwan and the mainland, though currently divided, are both part of "one China." In sharp contrast to the tenets of both KMT and Communist policy, a number of ranking DPP officials openly advocate independence for Taiwan.

There are a number of small political parties, most notably the Taiwan Solidarity Union. Former KMT President Lee Teng-hui broke with the KMT after the 2000 presidential election and formed the pro-independence Taiwan Solidarity Union in 2001. The TSU, which advocates changing Taiwan's official name and completely replacing the 1947 constitution, allied itself with the DPP as part of the ruling "Pan-Green" alliance. The TSU, however, failed to elect any members to the LY in January 2008. The other significant small party, People First Party, was formed in the wake of the 2000 presidential election, composed of former KMT members who supported former KMT Taiwan Provincial Governor James Soong's presidential bid. PFP and KMT subsequently formed the "Pan-Blue" Alliance to oppose the DPP government. The PFP, however, largely merged with the KMT in the run up to the January 2008 LY election, although one PFP candidate did win election to the LY under the name PFP. In addition, there are more than 10 other small political parties, such as the Hakka Party, the Green Party, and the Constitution Party, none of which received more than 1 percent or 2 percent of votes in the 2008 LY election.

===Foreign relations===
The People's Republic replaced Taiwan at the United Nations in 1971, and Taiwan's diplomatic position has continued to erode, as many countries changed their official recognition from Taipei to Beijing. As of 2008, Taiwan had formal diplomatic ties with 23 countries. At the same time, Taiwan has cultivated informal ties with most countries to offset its diplomatic isolation and to expand its economic relations. A number of nations have set up unofficial organizations to carry out commercial and other relations with Taiwan. Including its official overseas missions and its unofficial representative and/or trade offices, Taiwan is represented in 122 countries. Recently, Taiwan has lobbied strongly for admission into the United Nations and other international organizations, such as the World Health Organization. China opposes Taiwan's membership in such organizations, most of which require statehood for membership, because Beijing considers Taiwan to be a province of China, not a separate sovereign state. The Taiwanese government itself considers Taiwan a province of China, but not of the People's Republic of China, rather of the Republic of China.

===Relations with China===
Despite differences between Taiwan and China, contact between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait has grown significantly over the past decade. Taiwan has continued to relax restrictions on unofficial contacts with China, and cross-strait interaction has mushroomed. In 2001, Taiwan formally allowed the "three mini-links" (direct trade, travel, and postal links) from Quemoy and Matsu Islands to Fujian Province and permitted direct cross-strait trade in February 2002. Taiwan authorities permitted residents of Penghu Islands starting in 2007, to begin visiting mainland China via Quemoy and Matsu. Cross-strait trade has grown rapidly over the past 10 years. China is Taiwan's largest trading partner, and Taiwan is China's fifth largest.

In December 2019, Taiwan passed a law to counter Chinese interference in the country's internal politics.<ref>Lee, Yimou; Hamacher, Fabian (December 31, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-taiwan-lawmaking/taiwan-passes-law-to-combat-chinese-influence-on-politics-idUSKBN1YZ0F6 Taiwan passes law to combat Chinese influence on politics]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.</ref>

===Relations with the United States===
In 1979, the United States changed its diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing. In the U.S.-China Joint Communiqué that announced the change, the United States recognized the government of the People's Republic as the sole legal government of China and acknowledged the Chinese position that there is but one China and Taiwan is part of China. The Joint Communiqué also stated that within this context the people of the United States will maintain cultural, commercial, and other unofficial relations with the people on Taiwan.

In 1979, President Carter signed into law the Taiwan Relations Act, which created domestic legal authority for the conduct of unofficial relations with Taiwan. U.S. commercial, cultural, and other interaction with the people on Taiwan is facilitated through the American Institute in Taiwan, a private nonprofit corporation. The Institute has its headquarters in the Washington, DC area and has offices in Taipei and Kaohsiung. It is authorized to issue visas, accept passport applications, and provide assistance to U.S. citizens in Taiwan. A counterpart organization, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States, has been established by the Taiwan authorities. It has its headquarters in Taipei, the representative branch office in Washington, DC, and 11 other Taipei Economic and Cultural Offices in the continental U.S. and Guam. The Taiwan Relations Act continues to provide the legal basis for relations between the U.S. and Taiwan, and enshrines the U.S. commitment to assisting Taiwan maintain its defensive capability.

Following de-recognition, the United States terminated its Mutual Defense Treaty with Taiwan. However, the United States has continued the sale of appropriate defensive military equipment to Taiwan in accordance with the Taiwan Relations Act, which provides for such sales and which declares that peace and stability in the area are in U.S. interests. Sales of defensive military equipment are also consistent with the 1982 U.S.-China Joint Communiqué.

The United States position on Taiwan is reflected in the Three Communiqués and the Taiwan Relations Act. The U.S. insists on the peaceful resolution of cross-Strait differences and encourages dialogue to help advance such an outcome. The U.S. does not support Taiwan independence. President Bush stated on December 9, 2003 that the United States is opposed to any attempt by either side to unilaterally alter the status quo in the Taiwan Strait. While the United States welcomes recent exchanges that enhance channels of communication between leaders in Beijing and Taipei, the United States urges Beijing and Taipei to further advance cross-Strait cooperation and dialogue, including direct discussions between the authorities in Beijing and elected leaders in Taipei.

==Defense==
In proportion to its population, Taiwan still maintains a large military establishment. Defense expenditures accounted for 2.69 percent of GDP in 2007, and the 2008 central budget proposal increased defense expenditures to 3 percent of GDP. The military's primary mission is the defense of Taiwan against China, which is seen as the predominant threat and which has not renounced the use of force against Taiwan. Taiwan's armed forces were reduced as part of a reform initiative from 1997 to 2001, going from about 450,000 to 385,000, with further reductions since then bringing the total force level down to just under 300,000. Registered reservists reportedly totaled 3,870,000 in 1997. Conscription remains universal for qualified males between the ages of 18 and 30. In 2007 the length of conscription service was dropped from 16 to 14 months, with a view toward eventually creating an all-volunteer force. For qualified applicants, alternative service is available in police and fire departments and public clinics, as well as through teaching in some rural schools. Applicants with advanced degrees may qualify for National Defense Service, consisting of reserve officer training followed by four years of work in a government or academic research institution.

Taiwan's armed forces are equipped with weapons obtained primarily from the United States. In recent years, however, Taiwan also has procured some weapons from other Western nations and has stressed military "self-reliance," which has resulted in the growth of indigenous military production in certain fields. In 2007 Taiwan's legislature approved funding for certain defensive weapons systems the U.S. agreed to sell Taiwan in 2001 and earlier. These included the Patriot Advanced Capability (PAC-2 upgrade) missile defense system, P-3C maritime patrol aircraft, and a preliminary study of diesel-electric submarines. These systems would give Taiwan key capabilities in missile defense and anti-submarine warfare to remedy vulnerabilities in countering the China's accelerated military modernization. Taiwan adheres to the principles of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and has stated that it does not intend to produce nuclear weapons.

==Economy==
Through over five decades of hard work and sound economic management, Taiwan has transformed itself from an underdeveloped, agricultural island to an economic power that is a leading producer of high-technology goods. In the 1960s, foreign investment in Taiwan helped introduce modern, labor-intensive technology to the island, and Taiwan became a major exporter of labor-intensive products. In the 1980s, focus shifted toward increasingly sophisticated, capital-intensive and technology-intensive products for export and toward developing the service sector. At the same time, the appreciation of the New Taiwan dollar, rising labor costs, and increasing environmental consciousness in Taiwan caused many labor-intensive industries, such as shoe manufacturing, to move to China and Southeast Asia. Taiwan has transformed itself from a recipient of U.S. aid in the 1950s and early 1960s to an aid donor and major foreign investor, especially in Asia. Taiwan is now a creditor economy, holding the world's fourth-largest stock of foreign exchange reserves ($273 billion as of 2007). Although Taiwan enjoyed sustained economic growth, full employment, and low inflation for many years, in 2001, Taiwan joined other regional economies in its first recession since 1949. The economy began to recover in 2002, but the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) slowed growth to 3.5 percent in 2003. The world economic upturn drove growth in 2004 to 6.2 percent. However, slower world growth in 2005, higher energy prices and interest rates, and excess inventory dragged 2005 growth to 4.2 percent. Continued expansion of exports pushed up Taiwan's economic growth to 5.7 percent in 2007.
*GDP (16/04/2020): US$586 Billion<ref>https://usdebtclock.org/world-debt-clock.html</ref>
National Debt (16/04/2020): US$243 Billion
*Real annual growth rate (2007): 4.6 5.7 percent.
*Per capita GDP (2007): $16,790.
*Unemployment (2007) 3.9 percent.
*Natural resources: Small deposits of coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, and asbestos.
*Agriculture (1.4 percent of GDP): Major products—pork, rice, fruit and vegetables, sugarcane, poultry, shrimp, eel.
*Services: (71.1 percent of GDP).
*Industry (27.5 percent of GDP): Types—electronics and flat panel products, chemicals and petrochemicals, basic metals, machinery, textiles, transport equipment, plastics, machinery.
*Trade (2007): Exports--$247 billion: electronics, optical and precision instruments, information and communications products, textile products, basic metals, plastic and rubber products. Major markets—U.S. $32 billion, China and Hong Kong $100 billion, Japan $16 billion. Imports--$219 billion: electronics, optical and precision instruments, information and communications products, machinery and electrical products, chemicals, basic metals, transport equipment, crude oil. Major suppliers—Japan $46 billion, China $30 billion, U.S. $27 billion.

====Foreign trade====
Foreign trade has been the engine of Taiwan's rapid growth during the past 50 years. Taiwan's economy remains export-oriented, so it depends on an open world trade regime and remains vulnerable to fluctuations in the world economy. The total value of trade increased more than five-fold in the 1960s, nearly ten-fold in the 1970s, doubled in the 1980s, and nearly doubled again in the 1990s. In the first half of this decade, exports grew 60 percent. Export composition changed from predominantly agricultural commodities to industrial goods (now 98 percent). The electronics sector is Taiwan's most important industrial export sector and is the largest recipient of U.S. investment. Taiwan became a member of the World Trade Organization as a special customs territory in January 2002.

Taiwan firms are the world's largest suppliers of computer monitors and leaders in PC manufacturing, although now much of the final assembly of these products occurs overseas, typically in China. Textile production continues to move to lower-cost locations overseas, but is still a major industrial export sector and employs nearly 190,000 people. Imports are dominated by raw materials and capital goods, which account for more than 90 percent of the total. Taiwan imports coal, oil and gas to meet most of its energy needs. Reflecting the large Taiwan investment in China, it supplanted the United States as Taiwan's largest trade partner in 2003. In 2007, China (including Hong Kong) accounted for over 28 percent of Taiwan's total trade and almost 41 percent of Taiwan's exports. Japan was Taiwan's second-largest trading partner with 13 percent of total trade, including 21 percent of Taiwan's imports. The U.S. is now Taiwan's third-largest trade partner, taking 12.6 percent of Taiwan's exports and supplying 12 percent of its imports. Taiwan is the United States' ninth-largest trading partner; Taiwan's two-way trade with the United States amounted to $61 billion in 2006 and rose 5.6 percent to $65 billion in 2007. Imports from the United States consist mostly of agricultural and industrial raw materials as well as machinery and equipment. Exports to the United States are mainly electronics and consumer goods. The United States, Hong Kong, China, and Japan account for 60.2 percent of Taiwan's exports, and the United States, Japan, and China provide almost 46.6 percent of Taiwan's imports. As Taiwan's per capita income level has risen, demand for imported, high-quality consumer goods has increased. The U.S. trade deficit with Taiwan in 2007 was $11.9 billion, down 21 percent from $15.2 billion in 2006. Even though Taiwan maintains formal diplomatic relations with about a score of its trading partners, Taiwan maintains trade offices in nearly 100 countries. Taiwan is a member of the Asian Development Bank, the WTO, and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. Taiwan is also an observer at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. These developments reflect Taiwan's economic importance and its desire to become further integrated into the global economy.

====Agriculture====
Although only about one-quarter of Taiwan's land area is arable, virtually all farmland is intensely cultivated, with some areas suitable for two and even three crops a year. However, increases in agricultural production have been much slower than industrial growth. Agriculture only comprises about 1.4 percent of Taiwan's GDP. Taiwan's main crops are rice, sugarcane, fruit, and vegetables. While largely self-sufficient in rice production, Taiwan imports large amounts of wheat, corn, and soybeans, mostly from the United States. Poultry and pork production are mainstays of the livestock sector and the major demand drivers for imported corn and soybeans. Rising standards of living have led to increased demand for a wide variety of high-quality food products, much of it imported. Overall, U.S. agricultural and food products account for more than 30 percent of Taiwan's agricultural import demand. U.S. food and agricultural exports total about $2.5 billion annually, making Taiwan the United States' sixth-largest agricultural export destination. Taiwan's agricultural exports include frozen fish, aquaculture and sea products, canned and frozen vegetables, and grain products. Taiwan's imports of agricultural products have increased since its WTO accession in 2002, and it is slowly liberalizing previously protected agricultural markets.

==History==
Pre-historically, Taiwan's inhabitants consisted of various tribes believed to be of Malayo-Polonesian origin, who today only make up over 2 percent of the Taiwanese population (though most have mixed with other ethnic groups in recent times); this changed with the arrival of invaders from the Ming dynasty, who swiftly lost control of the island to Dutch explorers when they colonized the island in 1624. Two years later, the Spanish established a settlement on the northwest coast of Taiwan, which they occupied until 1642 when they were driven out by the Dutch. Dutch colonists administered the island and its predominantly Aboriginal population until 1661. The first major influx of migrants from mainland China came during the Dutch period, sparked by the political and economic chaos on the China coast during the Manchu invasion and the end of the Ming dynasty.

In 1664, a fleet led by the Ming loyalist Cheng Ch'eng-kung (Zheng Chenggong, known in the West as Koxinga) retreated from the mainland and occupied Taiwan. Cheng expelled the Dutch and established Taiwan as a base in his attempt to restore the Ming Dynasty. He died shortly thereafter, and in 1683, his successors submitted to Manchu (Qing dynasty) control. From 1680, the Qing Dynasty ruled Taiwan as a prefecture and, in 1875, divided the island into two prefectures, north and south. In 1887 the island was declared a Chinese province.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, migration from Fujian and Guangdong provinces steadily increased, and migrants from these two provinces supplanted aborigines as the dominant population group. In 1895, a weakened Imperial China ceded Taiwan to Japan in the Treaty of Shimonoseki following the first Sino-Japanese war.

During its 50 years (1895-1945) of rule, Japan expended considerable effort in developing Taiwan's economy. At the same time, Japanese rule led to the "Japanization" of the island, including compulsory Japanese education and requiring residents of Taiwan to adopt Japanese names.

At the end of World War II in 1945, Taiwan reverted to Chinese rule. During the immediate postwar period, the Nationalist Chinese (KMT) administration on Taiwan was repressive and corrupt, leading to local discontent. Anti-mainlander violence flared on February 28, 1947, prompted by an incident in which a cigarette seller was injured and a passerby was shot to death by Nationalist authorities. The island-wide rioting was brutally put down by Nationalist Chinese troops, who killed thousands of people. As a result of the February 28 Incident, the native Taiwanese felt a deep-seated bitterness toward the mainlanders. For 50 years the KMT authorities suppressed accounts of this episode in Taiwan history. In 1995 a monument was dedicated to the victims of the "2-28 Incident," and for the first time, Taiwan's leader, President Lee Teng-hui, publicly apologized for the Nationalists' brutality.

Starting before World War II and continuing afterwards, a civil war was fought in mainland China between Chiang Kai-shek's KMT government and the Chinese Communist Party led by Mao Zedong. When the civil war ended in 1949, 2 million refugees, predominately from the Nationalist government, military, and business community, fled to Taiwan. In October 1949 the People's Republic of China was founded in mainland China by the victorious communists. Chiang Kai-shek established a "provisional" KMT capital in Taipei in December 1949. During the 1950s, the KMT authorities implemented a far-reaching and highly successful land reform program on Taiwan. They redistributed land among small farmers and compensated large landowners with commodities certificates and stock in state-owned industries. Although this left some large landowners impoverished, others turned their compensation into capital and started commercial and industrial enterprises. These entrepreneurs were to become Taiwan's first industrial capitalists. Together with refugee businessmen from the mainland, they managed Taiwan's transition from an agricultural to a commercial, industrial economy.

Taiwan has developed steadily into a major international trading power with $466 billion in two-way trade (2007). Taiwan's accession to the World Trade Organization in 2002 has expanded its trade opportunities and further strengthened its standing in the global economy. Tremendous prosperity on the island has been accompanied by economic and social stability. Chiang Kai-shek's successor, his son Chiang Ching-kuo, began to liberalize Taiwan's political system, a process that continued when President Lee Teng-hui took office in 1988. The direct election of Lee Teng-hui as president in 1996 was followed by opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) candidate Chen Shui-bian's election victory in 2000. Chen was re-elected in 2004 in a tightly contested election. KMT's Ma Ying-jeou won the 2008 presidential election by a substantial majority and was inaugurated in 2008.

President [[Tsai Ing-wen]], a member of the pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party who won election in 2016, won re-election in 2020.<ref>Multiple references:
*Fu, Eva (January 11, 2020). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/taiwan-president-tsai-ing-wen-re-elected-in-landslide-victory_3200909.html Taiwan President Wins Re-election by Landslide in Firm Rebuke to Beijing]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
*Moreno, J. Edward (January 11, 2020). [https://thehill.com/policy/international/477833-taiwan-sends-message-to-beijing-with-presidents-reelection Taiwan sends message to Beijing with president's reelection]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
*Kurtenbach, Elaine; Lai, Johnson (January 11, 2020). [https://apnews.com/623049bbc54ad3601f660acaf962d8d6 Taiwan’s leader reelected as voters back tough China stance]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
*Lee, Yimou; Shen, Meg (January 10, 2020). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-taiwan-election/taiwan-president-wins-landslide-victory-in-stark-rebuke-to-china-idUSKBN1ZA009 Taiwan president wins landslide victory in stark rebuke to China]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
*Wong, Chun Han; Kazer, William; Wang, Joyu (January 11, 2020). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/taiwans-president-incumbent-who-challenged-china-set-to-win-re-election-11578748281 Taiwanese President Who Challenged China Claims Re-Election Victory]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
See also:
*Fu, Eva (January 11, 2020). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/taiwan-election-results-a-repudiation-of-china-experts-say_3201146.html Taiwan Election Results a ‘Repudiation of China,’ Experts Say]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
*Moritsugu, Ken (January 12, 2020). [https://apnews.com/d2580ddd2f97016adf9a24f80b860ded AP Analysis: Taiwan vote signals growing divide with China]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
*Kurtenbach, Elaine (January 12, 2020). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/jan/12/china-democracy-activists-cheered-by-taiwan-electi/ China democracy activists cheered by Taiwan election results]. ''The Washington Times'' (from the ''Associated Press''). Retrieved January 12, 2020.
*Kraychik, Robert (January 12, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/radio/2020/01/12/rick-fisher-taiwans-tsais-re-election-rebuke-beijing-boost-freedom-against-communists/ Rick Fisher on Taiwan’s Tsai’s Re-election: A Rebuke to Beijing, Boost for Freedom Against Communists]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 13, 2020.</ref>

==Further reading==
* Taylor, Jay. ''The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China'' (2009), 722 pp. highly favorable scholarly biography
*[http://www.taiwan.gov.tw Taiwan: Republic of China]. Official site

==References==
<references/>

{| style="width: 100%; background:transparent; border: 2px solid #000099;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"
!colspan=2 style="width: 100%; text-align: center; background-color: #000088; color: white; "|'''Copyright Details'''
|-
!style="background-color: #000088; color:white;"|License:
|style=" background-color: none;"| Some content for this article is in the [[Public Domain]] in the United States because it is a work of the United States Federal Government under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the U.S. Code
|-
!style=" background-color: #000088; color:white;"|Source:
|style="background-color: none;border-top: 2px solid black"| File available from the {{{1|[[United States Federal Government]] [http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35855.htm]}}}.
|}

[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Asian Countries]]
[[Category:Taiwan]]
[[Category:Buddhism]]

Oracle Corporation

2020-04-10T00:29:57Z

William Clifton: Now its slightly more up to date and more accurate

'''Oracle''' is an American technology company based out of Redwood shores, [[California]]. Founded in 1977, their current CEO is Safra Catz while their executive chairman and CTO is co-founder Larry Ellison and their vice chairman is Jeff Henly. Their most successful product is the Java programming language which they claim has been used in over 1 Billion devices since its inception in the 1990s.
Their current product line includes Database software, Cloud engineered systems and other enterprise grade products. In 2019 they were named as the 2nd largest software company by market capitalisation.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/global2000/list/#industry:Software%20%26%20Programming</ref>

[[Category:Software]]

SARS-CoV-2

2020-04-10T00:15:19Z

William Clifton: this is a redirection to the Coronavirus page. SARS-CoV-2 is the actual name of the virus while COVID-19 or CCP Virus is the name of the outbreak/disease I think...

#REDIRECT [[Coronavirus]]

The Epoch Times

2020-04-10T00:13:46Z

William Clifton: added the part about the doc on the source of the CCP Virus

'''''The Epoch Times''''' is a [[conservative]], [[anti-communist]] American newspaper<ref name='capitalresearch'>{{cite web |title=NBC News Fails CRC Fact Check: The Epoch Times Is No Pro-Trump Dark Money Operation |url=https://capitalresearch.org/article/nbc-news-fails-crc-fact-check-the-epoch-times-is-no-pro-trump-dark-money-operation/ |website=capitalresearch.org |accessdate=6 October 2019}}</ref> founded in 2000 by Chinese immigrants who fled persecution by the Communist regime. There are editions in over 30 countries which are published in more than 20 languages.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/about-us</ref> It is known for its reporting on the [[Spygate]] scandal in which Obama administration official and [[deep state]] agents spied on the Trump campaign.

The Epoch Times is currently owned by the Epoch Times Media Group which also owns NTD, a New York-based TV channel which currently broadcasts in the US and Canada. NTD broadcasts the same things as what the Epoch Times prints as well as producing 2 crowdfunded programs called [https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDChinaUncensored China Uncensored] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_7vFlErTHxVD-IFNB-BFCg America Uncovered] which focuses on both Chinese and American politics respectively; both programs have segments first broadcast via YouTube then several segments are combined into 30-minute episodes which are then broadcast on NTD. NTD is currently based in [[New York City]]. The Epoch Times also produces a series of [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZmkvHLQu76lYbW1w9FoGzQ YouTube] videos hosted by [[Larry Elder]] with the slogan of "we've got a country to save!"

On the 9th of April, the Epoch Times released a documentary where they tried to find the source of the [[CCP virus]] ([[SARS-CoV-2]]) which has since been published on an array of YouTube channels.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bXWGxhd7ic</ref> And a day later, the author of the Documentary, Joshua Phillip had an interview with Ezra Levand of [[Rebel News]].<ref>https://www.rebelnews.com/exposing_the_chinese_communist_origin_of_the_wuhan_virus_interview_with_the_epoch_times_joshua_philipp</ref>

==Mainstream media smear campaign==
In August 2019, [[NBC]] and [[MSNBC]] began a smear campaign slandering ''The Epoch Times''. It published textbook [[fake news]] articles complete with claims from "unnamed" (i.e. non-existent) sources without providing any evidence about the organization, as well as dismissing the ''Epoch Times''<nowiki>'</nowiki> reporting of the Spygate scandal as a "conspiracy theory" without providing any factual rebuttal, take it a step further when [[Rachel Maddow]] showed footage from an unrelated YouTube show about conspiracy theories, claiming that was content produced by The Epoch Times. NBC also reiterated propaganda talking points made by the Chinese Communist party on the [[Falun Gong]] spiritual practice banned in China, while downplaying the scale of the regime's crackdown on the practice.<ref name='capitalresearch'/><ref>{{cite news |title=Why NBC, MSNBC’s Reporting on The Epoch Times Is Textbook Fake News |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=22 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |title=Epoch Times Statement in Response to NBC Facebook Stories |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/epoch-times-statement-in-response-to-nbc-facebook-stories_3053492.html |accessdate=7 October 2019 |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=23 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregory |first1=Stephen |title=Opinion {{!}} NBC News Smears a Competitor |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/nbc-news-smears-a-competitor-11566947297?mod=rsswn |work=WSJ}}</ref>

NBC claimed that the Epoch Times spent money on "pro-Trump" Facebook ads, despite the fact that they were advertisements for the print newspaper's subscription which highlighted articles on Trump, In response to the report from NBC, Facebook banned ads for The Epoch Times, despite the fact that The New York Times, CNN and other mainstream media organizations have also aired similar Facebook ads.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.theepochtimes.com Official website]

[[Category:Conservative News Organizations]]
[[Category:Conservative Newspapers]]
[[Category:Conservative Websites]]

Hong Kong

2020-04-07T23:16:21Z

William Clifton:

{{Country
|name =Hong Kong ''Xiānggǎng''
|map =Hong kong pol98.jpg
|flag =674uygjh.png
|arms =Hong Kong Emblem.png
|capital =
|capital-raw =
|government =Special Administrative Region
|government-raw =
|language = Cantonese, English
|king =
|queen =
|monarch-raw =
|chief Executive= Leung Cheng Ying
|president-raw =
|chancellor =
|chancellor-raw =
|pm =
|pm-raw =
|area =426.4 sq. miles
|pop =6.92 million
|pop-basis =2007
|gdp =$188.8 billion
|gdp-year =2006
|gdp-pc =$27,600
|currency =Hong Kong dollar
|idd =
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}}
'''Hong Kong''' is a pocket of [[freedom]] standing up against the oppressive [[communist]] regime of [[China]], which calls it a [[Special Administrative Region]]. Located at the mouth of the Pearl River and formerly a [[British]] colony, Hong Kong sits opposite the former Portuguese possession of [[Macau]]. Hong Kong consists of Hong Kong island, Lamma, Lantau and various smaller islands, and Kowloon and the New Territories on the Chinese mainland. The name "Hong Kong" means ''fragrant harbor''.

In 2019 Hong Kong clings to [[democracy]] against tyrannical suppression by [[communist]] [[China]]. Pro-[[globalist]] entities, like [[Nike, Inc.]], and the [[NBA]], favor [[China]] for financial gain.

From 1841–1997, it was a British colony and the main trading base for the [[British Empire]] in Asia. Despite being handed back to China in 1997, it has remained autonomy under "one country, two systems" and being an SAR status. There is a [[free press]] but no [[democracy]] and no real elections; all major government decisions are made by the government of China.

The population of Hong Kong is about 7 million people. The largest urban areas are Kowloon (population 2 million), Central, Tsuen Wan and Sha Tin. Property prices in Hong Kong's Central District are the second most expensive in the world, after those of central [[Tokyo]].

==People==
{{language box
|c=香港
|p=Xiānggǎng
|j=Hoeng1 Gong2
}}
Hong Kong's population has increased steadily over the past decade, reaching about 6.92 million in 2007. Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with an overall density of some 6,250 people per square kilometer. Cantonese, the official Chinese language in Hong Kong, is spoken by most of the population. English, also an official language, is widely understood, being spoken by more than one-third of the population. Every major religion is practiced freely in Hong Kong. All children are required by law to be in full-time education between the ages of 6 and 15. Preschool education for most children begins at age 3. Primary school begins normally at the age of 6 and lasts for 6 years. At about age 12, children progress to a 3-year course of junior secondary education. Most stay on for a 2-year senior secondary course, while others join full-time vocational training. More than 90% of children complete upper secondary education or equivalent vocational education.
*Population (mid-2007): 6.92 million.
*Population growth rate (2006): 0.6%.
*Ethnic groups: Chinese 95%; other 5%.
*Religions: About 43% participate in some form of religious practice. Christian, about 9.6%.
*Languages: Cantonese (a dialect of Chinese) and English are official.
*Education: Literacy—97.1% (98.7% male, 95.4% female).
*Health (2006): Infant mortality rate—1.8/1,000. Life expectancy—82.6 yrs. (overall); 79.5 yrs. males, 85.6 yrs. females.
*Work force (2007): 3.65 million. Wholesale, retail, and import/export trades and restaurants and hotels—28.8%; finance, insurance, real estate, and business services—13.8%; manufacturing—4.3%.

====The arts====
Hong Kong has the world's third largest film industry after [[Bollywood]] and [[Hollywood]]. Most films are produced in the [[Cantonese]] language, although a few Hong Kong stars, such as [[Jackie Chan]] are known internationally.

==Government and political conditions==
The political conditions in Hong Kong differ from that of the Chinese mainland due to the history of British [[colonialism]]. Hong Kong maintained a British colony for 156 years until 1997, whereby it was handed to China under the "one country, two systems" policy formulated by [[Deng Xiaoping]] and [[Margaret Thatcher]] in 1984. This policy supposedly means that [[classical liberal]] freedoms such as the [[rule of law]], [[freedom of speech]], [[economic freedom]].

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) is headed by Chief Executive Carrie Lam, who first took office in 2017. The Election Committee that votes on the Chief Executive (CE) is made up of approximately 800 Hong Kong residents from four constituency groups: commercial, industrial, and financial interests; professionals; labor, social services, and religious interests; and the legislature, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and the P.R.C. National People's Congress.
[[File:Government House Hong Kong.jpg|thumb|left|360px|Government House.]]

In July 2002, the Hong Kong Government implemented the Principal Officials Accountability System, which was designed to make the government more responsive to public concerns. Twelve political appointees, directly responsible to the Chief Executive, run the 12 policy bureaus. Three other senior civil service positions—the Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary, and Justice Secretary—are also filled by political appointments.

While Hong Kong remains a free and open society where human rights are respected, courts are independent, and there is well-established respect for the rule of law, residents are limited in their ability to change their government, and the legislature is limited in its power to affect government policies. The September 12, 2004 Legislative Council (Legco) elections were seen as generally free, open, and widely contested, although Hong Kong groups have alleged voter intimidation, manipulation, or pressure in connection with them.

In December 2005 the Legco rejected a Hong Kong Government-proposed package of incremental reforms to the mechanisms for choosing the CE in 2007 and forming the Legco in 2008. In July 2007, the Hong Kong Government's Commission on Strategic Development issued a Green Paper on Constitutional Development, which set out a myriad of options to reform the CE and Legco electoral mechanisms, with the "ultimate aim" of universal suffrage as prescribed by the Basic Law.

On December 12, 2007, former Chief Executive Donald Tsang submitted a report on the Green Paper to the central government. The report said more than half of local people wanted universal suffrage by 2012, but 2017 might be a more realistic date. In December 2007, the P.R.C. National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) issued a decision on Hong Kong's constitutional development which, while ruling out universal suffrage in 2012, appears to open the way for Hong Kong to achieve full universal suffrage for the CE in 2017, and full universal suffrage for Legco sometime thereafter. Any amendments to the Basic Law will require approval by the CE, at least two-thirds of Legco, and then the NPCSC.

In 2011- 2012, the government tried to implement National Education in Hong Kong but failed due to protests. While it may sound good to a [[Conservative]] [[American]], it has a bias slant towards China as it is missing key points in Chinese history like the [[June 4th incident]].

On June 1, 2012, Chief Executive Leung Cheng Ying replaced Donald Tsang as Chief Executive.

On September 28, 2014, police fired tear gas onto unarmed protesters that occupied major roads in the city centre. The protests were commonly known as the Umbrella Movement. The protesters were fighting for basic [[Universal Suffrage]] instead of SAR government's view of democracy which selects pro Beijing candidates by using the election committee consisting of 1200 mostly pro Beijing citizens in Hong Kong. Instead of ending the protests, the protests spread to other areas of Hong Kong including Mongkok, a place known for shopping and triad/ gang activity, Tsim Sha Tui, a shopping and tourist district and Causeway Bay, the Hong Kong version of the [[New York]] [[Times Square]]. The protests ended on December 15, 2014 due to the lack of support from the Hong Kong public, failed tactics and police clearance of the streets.

In 2019, Hong Kong was besieged by protests of hundreds and thousands of people against an extradition bill. Opponents of the proposed law claim that it violates the "one country, two systems" policy, and that such extradition would allow political opponents to be extradited to mainland China, where their rights are not protected to the same level as in Hong Kong, citing arrests from the 2014 protests as precedent.<ref>Lily Kuo and Verna Yu. July 25, 2019. [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/10/what-are-the-hong-kong-protests-about-explainer "What are the Hong Kong protests about?".] ''The Guardian''.</ref>

===Foreign relations===
Hong Kong's foreign relations and defense are the responsibility of China. Hong Kong is an independent customs territory and economic entity separate from the rest of China and is able to enter into international agreements on its own behalf in commercial and economic matters. Hong Kong, independently of China, participates as a full member of numerous international economic organizations including the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC), and the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).
[[Image:Hongkong.jpg|center|thumb|950px|The Hong Kong skyline.]]

==Economy==
[[File:Hong Kong Trade Development.JPG|thumb|240px|left|Trade Development Council.]]
Hong Kong is one of the world's most open and dynamic economies. Its per capita GDP is comparable to other developed countries. Real GDP expanded by 6.8% in 2006 year-on-year, driven by thriving exports, vibrant inbound tourism and strong consumer spending. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused the Hong Kong economy to shrink during the first half of 2003, and property prices had fallen 66% from their late 1997 peak, but have since rebounded by about 84% from that lower base. The unemployment rate declined to 3.6% in September–November 2007, the lowest level since mid-1998. The surplus for fiscal year 2007-08 was $7.5 billion or 4.0% of GDP, attributed to the robust economy, increased corporate profits and salaries, the buoyant stock market, and a stable property market.

Hong Kong enjoys a number of economic strengths, including accumulated public and private wealth from decades of unprecedented growth, a sound banking system, virtually no public debt, a strong legal system, and an able and rigorously enforced anti-corruption regime. The need for economic restructuring poses difficult challenges and choices for the government. Hong Kong is endeavoring to improve its attractiveness as a commercial and trading center, especially after China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO), and continues to refine its financial architecture. The government is deepening its economic interaction with the Pearl River Delta in an effort to maintain Hong Kong's position as a gateway to China. These efforts include the conclusion of a free trade agreement with China, the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA), which applies zero tariffs to all Hong Kong-origin goods and preferential treatment in 27 service sectors. Hong Kong, along with the Macau SAR, is also participating in a new pan-Pearl River Delta trade bloc with nine Chinese provinces, which aims to lower trade barriers among members, standardize regulations, and improve infrastructure. U.S. companies have a generally favorable view of Hong Kong's business environment, including its legal system and the free flow of information, low taxation, and infrastructure. The American Chamber of Commerce's annual business confidence survey, released in December 2007, showed 99% of respondents had a "good" or "satisfactory" outlook for 2008. Survey results indicated a positive economic outlook through 2010.

On the international front, Hong Kong is a separate and active member of the WTO and the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, where it is an articulate and effective champion of free markets and the reduction of trade barriers. Hong Kong residents across the political spectrum supported China's accession to the WTO, believing this would open new opportunities on the mainland for local firms and stabilize relations between Hong Kong's two most important trade and investment partners, the United States and China.
*GDP (2006): $188.8 billion.
*GDP real growth rate (2006): 6.8%.
*Per capita GDP (2006): $27,600.
*Natural resources: Outstanding deepwater harbor.
*Industry: Types—textiles, clothing, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks.
*Trade: Exports--$315.5 billion: clothing, electronics, textiles, watches and clocks, office machinery. Imports--$333.3 billion: consumer goods, raw materials and semi-manufactures, capital goods, foodstuffs, fuels.

==Transportation==
Most public transport inside Hong Kong is provided by a company called the [[MTR Corporation]] which is mostly owned by the Hong Kong Government while the part that the government does not own is listed on several stock exchanges such as the [[SEHK]]. The MTR operate all metro/subway services, commuter railway services as well as owning most property inside Hong Kong alongside a few bus services which connect to their metro services. The MTR being mostly owned by the HK Government is why Hong Kong Protestors started vandalising metro stations as they closed stations in areas that the protests were taking part in.
===Bus Services===
Bus services are operated by:
*Kowloon Motor Bus company (KMB)
*Citybus, Long Win Bus Company
*New First World Bus (NFWB)
*New Lantao Bus company
All these bus operators run franchised routes and are regulated by the Hong Kong Government as well as accepting the ''Octopus Card'', a smartcard introduced into the Hong Kong market in the 1990s which is similar to London's ''Oyster Card'' and ''The Key'' smartcard operated by the [[Go-Ahead Group]]. The Octopus card can also be used outside of Public transportation inside Hong Kong such as in a convinience store.

There are also "Light Buses" which operate in Hong Kong; these are small vans converted to passenger use which operate on services with no route numbers and sometimes without bus stops operating like a "hail and ride" bus service where the bus will stop on the side of the road where there may be no physical bus stop or road markings.

Most buses inside Hong Kong are built by British Manufactures Alexander Dennis Limited (ADL) whicch is owned by the NFI Group of the USA and Wrightbus which is owned by JCB. Other buses such as those operated by the MTR are built by MAN which is owned by the [[Volkswagen Group]] and in recent years a large influx of buses built by Chinese companies such as Build Your Dreams (BYD) have also entered Hong Kong's streets.

===Tramways===
The Hong Kong Tramways is one of the oldest tramways in the world still operating via its original routing untouched in the 1940s-1970s decline of tramways and trolleybuses throughout the world, as well as being one of the oldest tramways in Asia with one of the other oldest tramways in Asia being operated by the Callcutta tramways company (CTC)in [[India]]. THe Hong Kong Trams are currently operated solely by Double Decker trams which is one of the only places left in the world operating with DD Trams with the other place left being [[Blackpool]] in [[England]].

There are also 2 Funicular tramways which are the:
*Peak Tram - this serves the mountinous areas of Hong Kong Island
*Ocean Express - this runs entirely within the "Ocean Park" theme park.

===Ferries===
There are also several ferry services which operate within British Hong Kong as well as travelling between mainland China and Portugeese Macao.

===Highways===
There are also several highways within Hong Kong as well as a somewhat newly opened highway linking Macao, Hong Kong and Mainland China; its construction resulted in several thousands of deaths and requires you to change what side of the road you drive on twice as Hong Kong and Macao have the drivers seat on the right side of the vehicle while Mainland China has its drivers seat on the left side of the vehicle.

===Cable Cars===
There are also 2 cable car systems inside Hong Kong, one operates within the "Ocean Park" theme park while the other operates on Lantau Island.
==History==
[[Image:Old Flag of Hong Kong.png|right|200px|thumb|British Crown Colony flag, in use until 1997]]

When British merchants were forced out of Canton in the 1820s, they began to use Hong Kong harbor for anchorage and storage depots. Hong Kong, with a population of 3600 villagers and 2000 fishermen, came under British control by the Convention of Chuenpi, a treaty with China in 1841, as part of the British conquest during the opium wars British foreign minister Lord Palmerston contemptuously dismissed the place as "a barren island with hardly a house upon it." Its prized harbor was used only by fishermen, pirates, and opium smugglers. However, it soon became a key and Royal Navy coaling station.

By the Treaty of the Bogue (Humen) in 1843, Chinese merchants based in the mainland were allowed free access to Hong Kong for trading purposes. By 1851 the population reached 32,000 (95% Chinese), The Second Anglo-Chinese War (1856–58) resulted in another British victory and led to the secession of the Kowloon Peninsula. Under a convention signed in Peking in 1898, the New Territories — comprising the area north of Kowloon up to the Shum Chun (Shenzhen) River and 235 islands—was leased for 99 years, primarily to forestall French or Russian occupation.

===Business===
In the 19th century the British colony was chiefly a naval base and as an entrepôt for trade with the mainland. An international business community grew up; Warren Delano, Jr., grandfather of President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], worked in Hong Kong in the 1860s as a partner in the American trading firm of Russell and Company. Jardine Matheson, founded in 1832, was a British partnership that did marketing for correspondent merchants in Britain, India, and parts of south-east Asia. It became active in finance, insurance, and shipping, but its most profitable commodity was opium, which was sold, illegally, in Canton and along the coast of China. In 1843 it moved its headquarters to Hong Kong, signalling the new base for British merchants, who dominated the international trade of south China. They sent teas and silks to Europe, and imported coal, machinery, metals, wines, and liquors. In 2007 Jardine Matheson had revenues of US$32 billion, and is the largest employer in HKSAR after the government.<ref>See [http://www.jardines.com/profile/history.html Jardine's History]</ref>
[[File:HK-1850.jpg|thumb|left|280px|The city in 1850.]]
Shortages of arable land, fresh water, forest and mineral resources, and skilled labor appeared to be insuperable barriers to the development of industry. However, Chinese businessmen by the 1880s were creating a distinct cultural-historical role for the colony. They contributed to China's nation-building effort by providing financing and imports China could not secure on its own. Their success made Hong Kong a valued member of the British Empire. By 1900, the colonial government appreciated the Chinese businessmen as more than profit-bound sojourners, but as allies in the struggle for order and stability, not just in Hong Kong and in south China, but in the British empire in Asia. Nationalism does not inevitably pit colonized against colonizers, for Chinese nationalism did not drive the Chinese merchants and intellectuals into opposition; the ideal of a powerful, modern China united them with the British, for both parties realized a strong, modern China meant a commercially vibrant China.

The Chinese nationalists played a major role in service to the Qing dynasty and the succeeding Republican governments, in leading the 1911 revolution and becoming a strategic a haven for Chinese refugees. Hong Kong's philanthropic and relief works, and the commercial and industrial activities of the entrepreneurs were role models for South China. The Chinese business community in Hong Kong, resembled the British business communities there and in Shanghai, which was larger and commercially more important before 1948. Both British and Chinese businessmen were dedicated to opening markets in China, to the point at which Hong Kong Chinese were in a sense both colonized and colonizers. Both groups benefited from their connections in the British Empire, and both were dependent on its power. Members of both societies saw themselves as permanent residents rather than as expatriates or sojourners, but they also continued to send money home to support philanthropic causes and, when necessary, to assist national war efforts. Both British and Chinese could have a number of identities: British or Chinese, imperial, national, and local. Both communities based their local identities on self-images of industriousness, entrepreneurship, and public spirit. London refused demands by British residents for self-government, arguing that saying the 98% Chinese majority would be subject to the control of a small European minority.<ref>John Carroll, "Colonialism, Nationalism, and Difference: Reassessing the Role of Hong Kong in Modern Chinese History." ''Chinese Historical Review'' 2006 13(1): 92-104. Issn: 1547-402x</ref>
[[File:HongKongMap.jpg|right|180px]]
Modernization proceeded rapidly, with the Hong Kong and China Gas Company starting in 1861, the Peak Tram in 1885, the Hong Kong Electric Company in 1889, China Light and Power in 1903, the electric tramways in 1904 and the Kowloon-Canton Railway, in 1910. Successive reclamations began in 1851 — notably one completed in 1904 in Central District which produced Chater Road, Connaught Road and Des Voeux Road; and another in Wan Chai between 1921 and 1929.

A representative leader was Sir Kai Ho Kai, (1859-1914), barrister, physician, reformist, revolutionary and essayist. His grandfather was a Protestant printer in Malacca (Malaysia); his father was educated at the Anglo-Chinese College in Malacca and became a Protestant minister in Hong Kong as well as a rich real estate entrepreneur. Ho Kai was one of the first Chinese physicians to be professionally trained in Britain (at Aberdeen University), becoming a central figure in the history of Western medicine in China. His public service on Hong Kong's appointed Legislative Council from 1890 to 1914, his role in helping to found the Tung Wah Hospital, Alice Memorial Hospital, the Hong Kong College of Medicine and the Po Leung Kuk orphanage; he wrote numerous essays on governmental reform.<ref>G. H. Choa, ''The Life and Times of Sir Kai Ho Kai: A Prominent Figure in Nineteenth-Century Hong Kong.'' (2nd ed. 2000)</ref>

===Education and religion===
[[File:Buddhistic Statues Hong Kong.jpg|thumb|340px|Buddhistic Statues.]]
Schooling was not compulsory but the colonial government began annual cash grants in 1847 to schools for the Chinese; there was never any effort to impose English. In 1873, the annual grants were extended to voluntary schools operated by Christian missionaries. College of Medicine for the Chinese, opened in 1887 with [[Sun Yat Sen]] as one of its first two students; it became the University of Hong Kong in 1911 and built arts, engineering and medical faculties. However, throughout the 20th century higher education opportunities were limited.

The Church Missionary Society of the Church of England promoted work in China after 1844. George Smith (1815–1871) was the first bishop of Hong Kong, 1850–64. Smith handled Anglican pastoral and missionary, and directed St. Paul's Missionary College (now St Paul's Boys' School). He spoke Chinese and conducted both Chinese and English services. Smith set up the first mission to seamen in Hong Kong and was president of the Bible Society in Hong Kong. He ordained the first two Chinese deacons in 1863. The governor appointed Smith as chairman of the education committee in 1852 and of its successor, the board of education, in 1860.<ref>Gillian Bickley, "Smith, George (1815–1871)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,'' (Sept 2004); online edn, Jan 2008</ref>

Frederick Stewart (1836–1889), the first head of the government education department was a Scottish Presbyterian educator who helped structure the educational system 1862–1878. Most residents were too poor to educate their children: school attendance among the farming and large transient fishing communities was irregular and Chinese girls generally were not educated. Stewart passionately valued education for individual fulfillment and only secondly for society's needs. He established, developed, and managed both a school and a system, learning and using spoken Cantonese and written Chinese in his work. In 1873 he established a successful grant-in-aid scheme for non-government schools (generally warmly supported by missionaries) and saw a sharp increase in attendance. In 1889 he supported a successful initiative to extend government Western education taught through English to Chinese girls. His work was enthusiastically supported by the governors Sir Richard MacDonnell and Sir Arthur Kennedy, but his work was obstructed by John Pope-Hennessy, governor 1877–1882. Pope-Hennessy, a highly controversial Irish Catholic hostile to Protestants, favored the Chinese over the British, and faulted the English-language achievements of Stewart's Central School pupils and disapproved of the dual curriculum which was the school's unique and particular strength. Although language policy had been a source of controversy at various times during the 1860s and 1870s, it was not until Pope-Hennessy's raised the issue that conflict over the roles of English and Chinese in the colony's education system came fully into the open.<ref>Kate Lowe and Eugene McLaughlin. "Sir John Pope Hennessy and the 'native race craze': colonial government in Hong Kong, 1877–1882", ''Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History,'' 20 (1992), 223–47 ·
</ref> In 1883, on the initiative of the Colonial Office, and under a new governor, Sir George Bowen, he was appointed registrar-general and protector of Chinese. In 1887 Stewart was appointed colonial secretary—the head of the permanent civil service—and he occasionally acted as governor. Through his work in setting up a government education system which accommodated the best of two cultures—English and Chinese languages, Western and Chinese curricula, and modern and traditional pedagogies—Stewart made a lasting impact which accelerated the modernization of China. His own educational example, the pedagogical materials he produced, and his graduates all were important. Bilingual and bicultural pupils from the flagship Hong Kong Government Central School for Boys staffed many Hong Kong and imperial institutions; many attended the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, of which Stewart was the first rector. Several won positions of influence in the imperial Chinese or Hong Kong colonial governments; others, admiring Western ideals, became revolutionaries, most notably Sun Yat Sen, the first president of China.<ref>Gillian Bickley, "Stewart, Frederick (1836–1889)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,'' Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008</ref>

===Great Depression===
In 1932, facing a worldwide [[Great Depression]] and higher tariffs from the United States, the [[British Empire]] decided at the Imperial Economic Conference to protect industry and agriculture in the Empire by raising tariffs on imports from outside the Empire and encouraging colonial entrepreneurs. Since Hong Kong was a free port with no customs duties on imports or exports, industrialisation there was different than in other British colonies, where industry could only be established with the aid of protective tariffs and other government assistance, and where manufactured goods could only be sold in local markets. Hong Kong's industrialization rapidly expanded thanks to the new preference for goods made inside the Empire, and especially to the higher tariffs on Japanese textiles, footwear, and other goods. Chinese entrepreneurs in Hong Kong soon took over from the Japanese as the main competitors of British manufacturers in textiles and rubber footwear. The local and regional market expanded, with 24,000 ocean-going ships clearing the harbor in 1939. The large-scale relocation of industrial enterprises from mainland China began in the late 1930s, and resumed after the war.<ref>Norman Miners, "Industrial Development in the Colonial Empire and the Imperial Economic Conference at Ottawa 1932." ''Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History'' 2002 30(2): 53-76. Issn: 0308-6534</ref>
===Second World War ===
[[File:VC John Robert Osborn Statue Military of Canada Hong Kong.jpg|thumb|Statue, Military of Canada, Hong Kong's Park.]]
London realized it could never defend the isolated colony against [[Japan]], but had to send forces to maintain imperial prestige. Indian and Canadian troops were sent in 1941 but they lacked training, equipment, and ammunition. They served a sacrificial role, with 6500 imprisoned for the duration, while British Commonwealth forces sought a major victory in North Africa. Refugees pured in from the mainland pushing the population well over one million, with extremely crowded conditions. Japan ruled from December, 1941 to September 1945, a time of hyperinflation and food shortages. Upwards of half the population left for the mainland.<ref>Andrew J. Whitfield, ''Hong Kong, Empire and the Anglo-American Alliance at War, 1941-1945.'' (2001) [http://www.questia.com/read/101710900?title=Hong%20Kong%2c%20Empire%20and%20the%20Anglo-American%20Alliance%20at%20War%2c%201941-45 online edition]</ref>

===Social trends===
Open currency markets and a free trade policy in Hong Kong after World War II gave it great economic advantages over Shanghai, whose government-controlled import-export trade could not compete with the British colony. In the late 1940s thousands of businessmen and professionals from Shanghai and other cities fled to Hong Kong top escape the imminent takeover of China by the Communists.

Despite a low birth rate, Hong Kong's population grew rapidly after 1945, as it became a base for entrepreneurs and a haven for refugees from poverty, war and Communism in China. The population tripled from 600,000 in 1945 to 1.8 million in 1948, then grew to 4 million in 1970 and 5.6 million in 1997. Steady growth continues, reaching 6.9 million in 2006.
[[File:TVB newsroom Hong Kong.jpg|left|TVB newsroom, Hong Kong.]]
The colony's strong high school system produced some of the professionals and skilled workers who contributed to rapid economic development after 1945, but they were outnumbered by new arrivals from China. Hong Kong's open and competitive employment system offered an important channel for upward social mobility, which tended to forestall a growth in class consciousness. Graduates joined an English-speaking elite and took pride in its acquaintance with the British culture. This elite was then incorporated by the British Establishment. This integration reduced potential friction between the colonial government and the local elite, who displayed far less antagonism or demands for independence than elites in other colonies. Demands for political participation emerged in the 1970s, as the colonial government vastly expanded its social service commitments. Its policy of "administrative absorption" encompassed more elites from all social strata. Its image was also improved by attempts to be a "government by consultation," while the threat of a takeover by Communist China undercut demands for autonomy. Economic development consistently raised the people's living standards and lowered their demand for political participation. Hong Kong elites were proud of not being affected by the "British disease," the symptoms of which included too much social welfare, militant trade unionism, frequent labour disputes, and a decline in economic competitiveness, as affected Britain itself in the 1970s. Radical ideologies were unattractive to the community and the Maoist factions gained little support. After 1984 both Britain and China promised more democracy, but as of 2008 there still is little of it.<ref>Joseph Y.S. Cheng, "Elections and Political Parties in Hong Kong's Political Development", ''Journal of Contemporary Asia,'' 2001, 31#3 346-374</ref>

===Economic boom===
[[File:Collage Hong Kong.jpg|right|120px]]
In the 1950s, Hong Kong viewed Guangdong on the mainland as its economic past: an underdeveloped hinterland of cottage industries and peasant agriculture. Guangdong, meanwhile, looked on Hong Kong as its political past: a territory oppressed by colonialism. That is, Hong Kong leaders saw Guangdong as socialist, planned, unfree, and poor. Meanwhile, the Commuist leaders in Guangdong saw Hong Kong as colonial, exploitative,class stratified, and dehumanizing.<ref>Seth Harter, "'Time Is Moving Forward, but We Are Moving Faster': Racing towards Modernity in Hong Kong and Guangdong, 1945-1962." (2006).</ref>

The colony experienced some of the highest economic growth rates in world history during the last half of the 20th century. In the 1960s its average annual rate of growth was 13.2%, setting a world record. New factories opened, especially textiles and plastics. A major construction boom continued almost non-stop. In the 1960s the port became as a major center for world trade, exceeding all of China by 30%. It became a major international financial center. Low taxation, a strong currency, and a free currency exchange attracted international banks and foreign investment, although uncertainty regarding the 1997 takeover sent some investors to Canada. In the 1970s the growth rate slowed to a very high 8% annually. Per capita income soared, despite the fast growing population, and was the third highest in Asia by 1980, albeit less than half that of Japan.

In 1971 the colonial government made education compulsory and virtually free. Total school enrollment in 1981 was 1,339,000, but included a mere 16,000 full-time higher education students. In 1989 Governor Edward Youde moved to expand and strengthen higher education in response to public demands. He envision the founding of a world class university, an Asian equivalent of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1991 the colony established the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). More expansion took place in the 1990s, resulting in nine major centers of higher education, with enrollment expanded by 50%.<ref>Timothy Man-kong Wong, "From Expansion to Repositioning: Recent Changes in Higher Education in Hong Kong," ''China: An International Journal'' 2#1 March 2004, pp. 150-166 in [[Project Muse]]</ref> By 2006 the most prestigious school, the University of Hong Kong, had 11,600 undergraduates, 7,900 postgraduates, and 2,000 MPhil and PhD students.

===1997===
When Britain turned Hong Kong over to China in 1997 it was the most modern colonial metropolis in the world, where robust entrepreneurship flourished under a British legal system providing a high degree of civil liberties for its citizens, but which had never set up a democratic system. Between 1960 and 1982, Hong Kong showed the staggering average growth rate of 7.0% per year, then held at 6.7% annually to 1992. In 1995, Hong Kong's GDP per person (in parity purchasing power) was the third highest in the world.

In 1997, at the end of the 99-year lease, the whole of the Hong Kong territory was returned to China. A "one country, two systems" model for 50 years was promised by China's leader [[Deng Xiaoping]], and the formula was accepted by Britain. Beijing selected the Basic Law Drafting Committee in 1985, making it clear it placed top priority on the stability and prosperity of the territory and that radical political reforms would be unlikely. Of the 59 members there were 23 members from Hong Kong, most of them prominent businessmen and leading professionals. The interests of the Establishment in Hong Kong apparently were assured, as the Chinese authorities were keen to retain Hong Kong's attractiveness to investors. The Basic Law Drafting Committee favoured an "executive-led" system of government for the future HKSAR with power concentrated in the hands of the Chief Executive, rather than the weak Legislative Council.

[[File:HK Bank of China Tower 2008.jpg|thumb|left|HK Bank of China Tower, 2008.]]
The 1985 elections to the colonial Legislative Council involved representation of different interest groups; there were a mere 70,000 eligible voters, of whom only 25,000 voted.The September 1985 elections to the Legislative Council were based on the electoral college, comprising members of the District Boards, the Urban Council and the Provisional Regional Council, and the functional constituencies.[ 10] Qualified voters therefore only numbered about 70,000 and those who actually voted amounted to about 25,000.

To rule after 1997 China created its first Special Administration Region, and as a result, Hong Kong became largely autonomous with its own government and laws, distinct from that of the rest of the People's Republic. All final decisions, however, were made by the government of China, but the influence was light-handed and "soft" before 2003.<ref>Willy Lam, "Beijing's hand in Hong Kong politics," ''Association for Asian Research'' [http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2153.html June 14, 2004, online]</ref>
===Democratic issues===
On 1 July 2003, over half a million Hong Kong citizens staged a mass protest against the poor governance of the post-handover SAR government. The grievances of the marchers quickly snowballed into a widely backed movement for democracy, and another large rally was held on 1 July 2004. The landslide support for pro-democratic candidates during the local elections held on 23 November 2003 unnerved Beijing over its possible loss of control over Hong Kong. The government of China quickly shifted from a soft-line approach that talked about virtual autonomy to a hard-line approach, attempting to dampen the local democracy movement. Beijing banned universal suffrage for the elections of a Chief Executive in 2007 and a legislature in 2008. There were five fundamental causes of Hong Kong's broad-based demand for full democracy. First economic uncertainly rose sharply after 1999, as the competitiveness of the Hong Kong economy slipped and the transition to a knowledge economy was hindered by stagnant rates of university attendance. Secondly, the level of economic inequality increased,<ref>Li Zhang, "Economic Growth and Income Inequality in Hong Kong: Trends and Explanations," ''China: An International Journal'' 3#1 March 2005, pp. 74-103 in [[Project Muse]]</ref> along with a sense that cronyism was rampant and getting worse. Thirdly the government deficit has soared, leading to cutbacks in government services; by 2003 the government had spent half the financial reserves left by the British, and sold land assets to cover the deficit. At a deeper level citizens are anxious about their lack of voice in an authoritarian polity.<ref>Yushuo Zheng, "Hong Kong's Democrats Stumble," ''Journal of Democracy'' 16#1 January 2005, pp. 138-152 in [[Project Muse]]</ref> The The fifth fundamental problem was the failure of the new "Principal Officials Accountability System" and the growth of popular distrust towards the non-democratic system.<ref>Ming Sing, "The Legitimacy Problem and Democratic Reform in Hong Kong." ''Journal of Contemporary China'' 2006 15(48): 517-532. Issn: 1067-0564 Fulltext: [[Ebsco]]; Christine Loh, and Richard Cullen, "Political Reform in Hong Kong: the Principal Officials Accountability System. The First Year (2002-2003)." ''Journal of Contemporary China'' 2005 14(42): 153-176. Issn: 1067-0564 Fulltext: [[Ebsco]]</ref>

In September 2008, "pandemocrats" as they call themselves, retained the voters’ support during the Legislative Council election. Beijing's interferences with the elections, though less blatant than those of 2004, unmistakably cast doubt on its sincerity to implement democracy in Hong Kong by 2020. In 2008, Beijing promoted a new wave of pro-Beijing professionals with a stronger and more independent image. The sudden rise and stunning electoral victories of the Social Democrats, who are hallmarked by civil disobedience on behalf of democratic and social reforms, reflect a deepening sense of public despair about the futility of the current political system, and a proliferating radicalism. A decade after the handover of their city to China, Hong Kong's "pandemocrats" remain able to stand their ground at the ballot box.<ref>Ming Sing, "Hong Kong’s Democrats Hold Their Own," ''Journal of Democracy'', Volume 20, Number 1, January 2009, pp. 98-112 in [[Project MUSE]]</ref>

Hong Kong saw massive protests in 2019 – dwarfing previous protests – over an extradition bill that would have reduced the city's autonomy and freedoms. In November 2019, pro-democracy activists saw major victories in the city's district council elections, which saw massive turnout.<ref>Multiple references:
*Rambaran, Vivian (November 24, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/world/hong-kong-elections-pro-democracy-candidates Hong Kong elections seen as win for pro-democracy candidates after massive turnout]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*Khan, Natasha (November 24, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-takes-a-pause-from-protests-to-vote-in-record-numbers-11574585756 Hong Kong Voters Show Strong Support for Pro-Democracy Backers]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*Ng, Eileen; Moritsugu, Ken (November 24, 2019). [https://apnews.com/5d645be7ba2141be9b75ba09756347ec Pro-democracy camp wins Hong Kong elections in landslide]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Smith, Josh (November 24, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-protests/hong-kong-democrats-romp-to-local-election-landslide-after-months-of-protests-idUSKBN1XY0MZ Hong Kong democrats romp to local election landslide after months of protests]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*Chang, Gordon G. (November 24, 2019). [https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/pro-china-forces-‘annihilated’-hong-kong-election-99337 Pro-China Forces ‘Annihilated’ in Hong Kong Election]. ''The National Interest''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Klar, Rebecca (November 25, 2019). [https://thehill.com/policy/international/asia-pacific/471869-pro-democracy-opposition-wins-elections-in-hong-kong-in Pro-democracy opposition wins elections in Hong Kong in landslide]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
See also:
*Jim, Clare; Tam, Felix (November 23, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-protests/record-turnout-in-hong-kong-local-elections-amid-calls-for-full-democracy-idUSKBN1XY007 Record turnout in Hong Kong local elections amid calls for full democracy]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*Wang, Joyu; Fan, Wenxin (November 24, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/pro-democracy-supporters-tackle-incumbents-even-in-hong-kongs-most-pro-china-areas-11574617290 Pro-Democracy Supporter Trounces Veteran Incumbent in Pro-China Area]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*Moritsugu, Ken (November 25, 2019). [https://apnews.com/772a858088b14848a3beeb4b4490365c Analysis: Hong Kong election shows desire for change]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Carafano, James Jay (November 27, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/china-hong-kong-elections-beijing-james-carafano James Carafano: China's next move after Hong Kong elections – Time for Beijing to get real (and smart)]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
*Wu, Annie (December 23, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/year-in-review-hong-kongs-last-fight-for-freedom_3181483.html Year in Review: Hong Kong’s Last Fight for Freedom]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 24, 2019.</ref>

China has promoted mass migration to Hong Kong in order to reduce the territory's sense of having an independent identity from China.<ref>Bocchi, Alessandra (September 5, 2019). [https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/how-china-weaponizes-mass-migration-against-hong-kong/ How China Weaponizes Mass Migration Against Hong Kong]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved September 6, 2019.</ref> By 2019, the country had shown it did not intend to honor the 1997 agreement between it and the UK.<ref>Zindulka, Kurt (January 1, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2020/01/01/22-years-later-how-china-destroyed-legacy-hong-kong-handover/ 22 Years Later: How The Chinese Communist Party Destroyed Legacy of the Hong Kong Handover]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.</ref>

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* Vickers, Claire. ''Hong Kong - Culture Smart!: a quick guide to customs and etiquette'' (2006) [https://www.amazon.com/Hong-Kong-Culture-customs-etiquette/dp/1857333683/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208912192&sr=1-12 excerpt and text search]
* Welsh, Frank. ''A Borrowed Place: The History of Hong Kong'' (1993), 624pp readable and well-researched history
* Wright, Rachel. ''Living and Working in Hong Kong: The Complete Practical Guide to Expatriate Life in China's Gateway'' (2008) [https://www.amazon.com/Living-Working-Hong-Kong-Expatriate/dp/1845281950/ref=sr_1_24?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208912427&sr=1-24 excerpt and text search]

===Primary sources===
* Endacott, G. B., ed. '' An Eastern Entrepot: A Collection of Documents Illustrating the History of Hong Kong'' (1964) 293 pp
* Tsang, Steve. ''Government and Politics: A Documentary History of Hong Kong.'' (1995), 312pp [http://www.questia.com/read/14561367?title=Government%20and%20Politics%3a%20A%20Documentary%20History%20of%20Hong%20Kong online edition]

==See also==
*[[Canton]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{| style="width: 100%; background:transparent; border: 2px solid #000099;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"
!colspan=2 style="width: 100%; text-align: center; background-color: #000088; color: white; "|'''Copyright Details'''
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|style=" background-color: none;"| Some content for this article prior to editing here is in the [[Public Domain]] in the United States because it was originally a work of the United States Federal Government under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the U.S. Code
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[[Category:Chinese Cities and Towns]]
[[Category:Chinese History]]
[[Category:British Empire]]

Coronavirus

2020-03-31T17:53:17Z

William Clifton: added the now commonly used name of "CCP Virus" as used by The Washington Post and The Epoch Times.

<center>''Updated world maps of known coronavirus infections are available [https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 here] and [https://coronavirus-stats.live/ here]''</center>
[[File:COVID19 virus.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Electron microscope scan of cultured coronavirus cells, recovered from an American patient in February, 2020, and identified as SARS-CoV-2 / 2019-nCoV, the coronavirus strain which had its origin in Wuhan, China, November, 2019 ''(NIAID)''. ]]
'''Coronavirus''' is a family of several viruses. [[COVID-19]] or the '''Wuhan coronavirus''' as [[CNN]] refers to it or the [[CCP]] Virus as used by [[The Washington Post]] and [[The Epoch Times]],<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eZtCq1aj2g</ref> is a particular potentially deadly strain that first was reported to appear in the city of [[Wuhan, China]] in late November and early December of 2019. The Chinese Communist regime intentionally made no public warnings about a potential widespread pandemic until January 23, 2020, made no advance preparations to deal with a major health crisis, and arrested doctors who posted on [[social media]] warning of a large scale outbreak. First cases in the US were recorded back in January, but the real impact was seen in March when thousands of cases started being reported daily (you can view historical interactive statistics [https://coronavirus-stats.live/county/united-states/ here]).

As of March 27, 2020, the most successful doctor treating coronavirus patients is [[Vladimir Zelenko]], M.D. as none of this 699 patients have died or have required intubations whereas 1.5% of U.S. coronavirus patients die.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaSHM1TK5tM Vladimir Zelenko: Important March 27, 2020 update regarding my coronavirus treatment regimen]</ref> See: [[Vladimir Zelenko's coronavirus treatment]]

==General term==
A '''coronavirus''' is any of several viruses affecting either animals or humans, and named for the crown-like spikes on the surface of the viral cell. Coronaviruses affect the upper-respiratory tract, causing infections ranging from mild to severe, such as bronchitis and pneumonia. Several strains, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19, the late-2019 outbreak in Wuhan, China, have been confirmed to be fatal.

==Description==
[[File:NPR coronavirus.PNG|right|300px|thumb|An [[NPR]] report on American evacuees from China failed to notice the woman on the left didn't pinch the strip on her mask, and the man on the right had the mask upside down, rendering these "preventative measures" useless.]]
Coronaviruses are positive RNA viruses with a diameter of approximately 80-160 nm. The name itself derives from the visual image of individual virus cells as seen by an electron microscope; these cells have a spiky appearance similar to the corona of the sun. This aspect is represented by the glycoprotein that crosses the viral envelope, reaching the protein "coat", called protein S, with hemagglutination and melting properties. The virus structure is more or less typical of coated viruses, therefore it has a helicoidal symmetry nucleocapsid and a pericapsid consisting of a double phospholipid layer of cellular origin; between these two layers there is a protein coat consisting of the M protein (matrix or matrix). In the nucleocapsid is found the genome consisting of an ssRNA + (a single RNA strand with positive polarity) of 27-30 kilo bases which codes for 7 viral proteins and is associated with the protein N.

Coronaviruses attach to the cell membrane of the target cells thanks to their S proteins that interact with the aminopeptidase N of the membrane; some coronaviruses can bind neuraminic N-acetyl acid thanks to the expression of E3 glycoprotein. It is not clear whether cell penetration is performed by fusion of the pericapsid with the plasma membrane or by endocytosis. Inside the cytoplasm of the cell, the coronavirus releases its positive single-stranded RNA which attaches itself to the ribosomes where it is translated. The translation involves the production of an RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (L protein) which transcribes a single negative-stranded RNA from which it is then possible to obtain new positive-stranded RNAs of the coronavirus as well as the seven proteins that it encodes. Protein N is associated with each new positive RNA strand while pericapside proteins are integrated into the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. A translocator transfers the new nucleocapsides into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, subsequently from this gemstone vesicles which constitute the new virions which can be released by exocytosis.

Coronaviruses are believed to cause a significant percentage of all common colds in adults and children. The most common symptoms are fever and acute adenoiditis with higher incidence during the winter and early spring. In many cases coronaviruses can cause pneumonia, direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia; they can also lead to the development of bronchitis, direct viral bronchitis or secondary bacterial bronchitis. The human coronavirus discovered in 2003, SARS-CoV, causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), has a unique pathogenesis because it causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections.

As of January 2020, the following seven coronavirus strains are known to infect humans:
*Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E)
*Human Coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43)
*Human Coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63)
*Human Coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1)
*Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
*Middle Eastern Coronavirus Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV), also known as Novel Coronavirus 2012 (2012-nCoV) and Human Coronavirus Erasmus Medical Center / 2012 HCoV-EMC / 2012
*Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (2019-nCoV), also known as Wuhan or Novel Coronavirus 2019.

The Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an example of a deadly disease arising in animals deemed to be "unclean" by the [[Mosaic Law]] for human consumption, such as bats, snakes, cats and camels.<ref>"Nevertheless, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you shall not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you." Leviticus 11:4 ([[ESV]])</ref> In addition, in developing countries in which basic needs - including hygiene - are poor, income is scarce, or are run by corrupt and/or atheistic cultures and governments, there is often a history of poverty and famine; their societies in turn would develop a culture reflecting a wider variety of foods eaten (see: [[Atheism and economics]]). Where people consume such animals in poorly regulated food markets with poor health systems (see: [[Atheist hospitals in China]] and [[Atheism and medicine]] and [[Atheist hospitals]]) - especially if the food item is improperly prepared and cooked - a coronavirus can take hold in the human population and then spread rapidly to other people.

The airborne virus can survive on infected surfaces, such as a door knob or cash, for several hours and even up to 5 days.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/chinese-officials-warns-of-aerosol-infection-as-coronavirus-spreads_3231971.html</ref>

==Infection rate==
[[File:Coronavirus Infected minus China & Italy.jpg|right|372px|thumb|]]
The infection rate for Wuhan coronavirus is estimated to be as high as 83%, with a mortality rate of 15%. Hence out of every 1000 people exposed to the virus, 120 will die. A non-peer reviewed study from China claims one person can infect four others<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nmrm0mk5928&feature=youtu.be</ref> (reproduction rate or RO<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUrURyXXmTw</ref>) and possibly as many as 14.<ref>Sars expert Zhong Nanshan said in a press conference on January 21 that a super-spreader had infected 14 medical staff in a hospital in Wuhan. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3048518/coronavirus-case-load-and-death-toll-china-rise-epicentre-hubei-province</ref> There is no known treatment or cure, although there are anecdotal reports of successful treatment with drugs such as [[hydroxychloroquine]].

===Transmission===
The Hong Kong specialists wrote,
{{quotebox|75,815 individuals (95% CrI 37,304- 130,330) had been infected in Greater Wuhan as of Jan 25, 2020. We also estimated that [[Chongqing]], Beijing, [[Shanghai]], [[Guangzhou]], and Shenzhen, had imported 461 (227–805), 113 (57–193), 98 (49–168), 111 (56–191), and 80 (40–139) infections from Wuhan, respectively. 
Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen were the mainland Chinese cities that together accounted for 53% of all outbound international air travel from China and 69% of international air travel outside [[Asia]], whereas Chongqing is a large metropolis that has a population of 32 million and very high ground traffic volumes with Wuhan. Substantial epidemic take-off in these cities would thus contribute to the spread of 2019-nCoV within and outside mainland China.<ref>https://www.theautomaticearth.com/2020/02/the-big-lockdown/</ref>}}

There were about 2,300 departing international air flights from the infected area before the Chinese government alerted the public of the spread of the virus.

Half of all transmissible infections occur in the 24 day incubation period while a carrier shows no symptoms.<ref>https://blogaoedic.com/coronavirus-epidemic-update-15-underreporting-prevention-24-day-incubation-covid19/</ref> ''The Guardian'' reported up to 60% of the population of planet [[Earth]] could become infected.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/11/coronavirus-expert-warns-infection-could-reach-60-of-worlds-population</ref>

The virus has been found in fecal matter, meaning fumes leaking from sewage systems may spread transmission.<ref>https://www.newsweek.com/coronavirus-spread-contagious-everything-know-1486934</ref>

===Benefits of warmer weather===
In warmer weather, viruses die more quickly in the air and thus do not spread as easily. This is a main reason why the flu is seasonal. Another reason is that during warmer weather people are not in close quarters indoors as much, where germs spread easily.

It is expected that warmer weather will help limit the spread of COVID-19 in the United States.<ref>https://www.denverpost.com/2020/03/09/colorado-climate-slow-spread-coronavirus/</ref> However, [[liberal]]s downplay this issue because it undermines their agenda against the imaginary man-made [[global warming]].

==United States==

As of February 13, 2020, the United States is reported to have quarantined 350 evacuees in [[California]]. The [[Pentagon]] is said to have received a request from the [[Department of Health and Human Services]] to prepare to house 1,000 people for monitoring and testing. 11 airbases have been designated to receive persons. 15 case were reported to be confirmed. Over 400 (Persons Under Investigation or PUI) have been tested who may have come in contact with the virus since January 21, 2020. 81 cases pending results.<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html</ref>

Incidents and outbreaks are expected to occur in the United States throughout 2020 and into 2021. Due to [[globalization]] and globalized supply chains, shortages of crucial medicines, medical devices and equipment were already occurring in the first month of the reported outbreak. Social isolation is the only known method of combating the spread of infection. Persons with weakened immune systems are particularly susceptible. Frequent handwashing is recommended. The first known death in America was recorded on February 29, 2020.

Traffic at the Long Beach harbor where Chinese goods are imported for distribution to American markets was down 40% the first month. The mayor of [[San Francisco]] declared a state of emergency on February 26, 2020.<ref>https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/484602-san-francisco-declares-state-of-emergency-over-coronavirus</ref>

As the pandemic spread to the United States and criticism of the CCP grew, China again threatened to leverage its dominant position in the production of essential medical supplies to cut off Americans from vital equipment.

===Response===
[[File:Biden WuFlu.PNG|right|300px|thumb|Democrat presidential nominee [[Joe Biden]] takes to the airwaves to counter official White House/CDC press briefings. Biden and Trump critics alleged President Trump does not heed the advice of scientists and experts.]]
In the United States, fake news panic-mongers expected a top-down command-and-control response with [[big government]] dictating testing and standards. Rather than duplicate the effort under a federal bureaucracy that was unprepared, ill-equipped and would takes months or years to service a nation of 327 million people, the [[Trump administration]] moved quickly to engage existing [[private sector]] laboratories, medical personnel, and suppliers to confront the crisis.

The [[Center for Disease Control]] under the [[Obama administration]] had focused on [[gun control]], racism, [[social justice]], and [[obesity]] as public health concerns, and ignored preparation for a widescale pandemic in the era of global travel and global trade.<ref>https://www.frontpagemag.com/fpm/2020/03/cdc-was-fighting-racism-and-obesity-instead-daniel-greenfield/</ref>

In response to the [[Wuhan coronavirus]] [[epidemic]], a [[bipartisan]] group of United States Senators had fashioned an emergency relief spending bill as the U.S. [[economy]] nose-dived with layoffs, shutdowns, and state-wide lockdowns to prevent spread of the deadly disease. [[Democrat]] [[Speaker Nancy Pelosi]] nixed the entire emergency stimulus package which would have given families on lockdown at home emergency cash assistance and allocated immediate funding for doctors, hospitals, and medical staff to fight the deadly virus which was claiming over 100 lives daily.<ref>https://nypost.com/2020/03/23/us-coronavirus-deaths-exceed-100-for-first-time-in-a-single-day/</ref> Pelosi demanded elements of the [[Green New Deal]] be included, such as airline carbon emission restrictions, tax credits for windmills and solar panels, and a plethora of other [[social justice warrior]] schemes targeted at destroying American [[capitalism]].

==== Vladimir Zelenko, M.D.: Successfully treated 350 coronavirus patients using hydroxychloroquine and zinc ====

''See also:'' [[Vladimir Zelenko]] and [[Vladimir Zelenko's coronavirus treatment]]

Zev [[Vladimir Zelenko]], M.D. is a [[New York State]] doctor who treated his first 350 coronavirus patients in March of 2020 with 100% success using [[hydroxychloroquine]], azithromycin and zinc.<ref>[https://www.wnd.com/2020/03/doctor-treated-350-coronavirus-patients-100-success/?utm_source=Email&utm_medium=wnd-breaking&utm_campaign=breaking&utm_content=breaking Doctor: I treated 350 coronavirus patients with 100% success Doctor: I treated 350 coronavirus patients with 100% success], WND.com</ref><ref>[https://techstartups.com/2020/03/25/doctor-vladimir-zelenko-treated-350-coronavirus-patients-100-success-using-hydroxychloroquine-sulfate/ Doctor Vladimir Zelenko: I treated 350 coronavirus patients with 100% success using Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate], Techstartups.com</ref><ref>[https://forward.com/news/national/442511/trump-coronavirus-fda/ A Jewish doctor’s off-label virus treatment is now being used in multiple states] by Ari Feldman and Helen Chernikoff</ref> There were no hospitilizations, intubations or deaths among Zelenko's first 350 patients.<ref>[https://www.wnd.com/2020/03/doctor-treated-350-coronavirus-patients-100-success/?utm_source=Email&utm_medium=wnd-breaking&utm_campaign=breaking&utm_content=breaking Doctor: I treated 350 coronavirus patients with 100% success Doctor: I treated 350 coronavirus patients with 100% success], WND.com</ref> On March 27, 2020, Zelenko indicated that he treated 699 patients with no deaths or intubations whereas the national average in the United States is 1.5% of coronavirus patients dying.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaSHM1TK5tM Vladimir Zelenko: Important March 27, 2020 update regarding my coronavirus treatment regimen]</ref> As of March 27, 2020, 4 patients of Dr. Zelenko have been hospitalized with [[pneumonia]] and none of them required respirators.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaSHM1TK5tM Vladimir Zelenko: Important March 27, 2020 update regarding my coronavirus treatment regimen]</ref> See: [[Vladimir Zelenko's coronavirus treatment]]

Dr. Vladimir Zelenko's treatment resulted in various patient's shortness of breath issues being resolved in 4 to 6 hours.<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2020/03/stunning-ny-doctor-vladimir-zelenko-finds-100-success-rate-in-350-patients-using-hydroxychloroquine-with-z-paks-video/ STUNNING! NY Doctor Vladimir Zelenko Finds 100% Success Rate in 350 Patients Using Hydroxychloroquine with Zinc (VIDEO)], Gatewaypundit.com</ref>

Dr. Zelenko's coronavirus treatment is now being used in multiple states.<ref>[https://forward.com/news/national/442511/trump-coronavirus-fda/ A Jewish doctor’s off-label virus treatment is now being used in multiple states] by Ari Feldman and Helen Chernikoff</ref> On March 27, 2020, Zelenko indicated that his protocols were recently on their way to [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] (the Prime Minister of [[Israel]]).<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaSHM1TK5tM Vladimir Zelenko: Important March 27, 2020 update regarding my coronavirus treatment regimen]</ref>

Dr. Vladimir Zelenko's treatment resulted in various patient's shortness of breath issues being resolved in as early as 4 hours and on average 12 hours.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FeaPHoTbWLc My statement to the Israeli health ministry] by Vladimir Zelenko</ref>

Healthgrades.com, Google reviews, and Vitals.com all have overall favorable reviews of Dr. Zelenko.<ref>[https://www.healthgrades.com/physician/dr-vladimir-zelenko-yndd2 Vladimir Zelenko - Healthgrades.com - Review]</ref><ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=Vladimir+Zelenko&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS771US771&oq=Vladimir+Zelenko&aqs=chrome..69i57.1629j0j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#lrd=0x89c2d7b5d12f4f9f:0x31fbbbcbbf11dbdb,1,,, Vladimir Zelenko - Google reviews]</ref><ref>[https://www.vitals.com/doctors/Dr_Vladimir_Zelenko.html Vladimir Zelenko - Vitals.com review]</ref>

Democratic governors in at least two states however refused to allow patients access to the only known possible cure for the deadly disease.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOXyEiqIF5g</ref><ref>https://donsurber.blogspot.com/2020/03/democrats-fear-cure.html</ref>

===Repatriation===
:{{See also|Administrative state}}
Prior to the government importing the virus from China into the United States. the CDC reported 15 confirmed cases; days after the U.S. government repatriated dozens of evacuees, the CDC reported 14 confirmed cases, 12 "travel related" and 2 "person to person". [[President Trump]] was furious about the repatriation of confirmed infected cases without his authorization.<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-furious-americans-infected-with-coronavirus-flew-back-in-u-s-without-his-permission-report</ref>

Dr. William Walters, Executive Director and Managing Director for Operational Medicine for the Bureau of Medical Services at the [[U.S. Department of State]], made the decision to bring the patients back to the US. Walters is an Obama holdover. In a Congressional briefing, Walters boasted that, “the Department executed the largest non-military evacuation of U.S. citizens in its history. The safe and efficient evacuation of 1,174 people from Wuhan, China and people onboard the ''Diamond Princess'' cruise ship in Japan." Consulting President Trump was not part of the protocol even on a major national security issue.<ref>https://www.frontpagemag.com/fpm/2020/03/obama-holdover-obscure-government-arm-helped-cause-daniel-greenfield/</ref>

===Local community reactions===
The City of Costa Mesa, [[California]] filed a lawsuit in the Central District of California. Defendants include the United States of America, the Department of Health and Human Services, the United States Department of Defense, the United States Air Force, Centers for Disease Control, the state of California Fairview Developmental Center, the California Governor's Office Emergency Services, and the California Department of General Services. The City of Costa Mesa sought to temporarily restrain defendants and their agents, servants, employees, attorneys and all those in active concert from transporting persons infected with or exposed to the corona virus to any place within Costa Mesa until an adequate site survey has been conducted. The petition reads
{{quotebox|This highly communicable and deadly disease has no known vaccination or cure and has killed thousands. Its scope appears to be growing worldwide at an alarming rate. US public health officials have sounded the alarm over a potential global pandemic. The plaintiffs now seek to prevent Costa Mesa from becoming ground zero to a state and potentially nationwide public health crisis caused because the state and federal governments have not sought to include local officials and emergency personnel in the planning and execution of their efforts.

The relief sought by the plaintiffs is modest. It seeks only to ensure that all necessary steps are taken to protect public safety, that first responders and health professionals receive the training they need to protect themselves and their community, and that the state and federal government stop acting under the cover of darkness, which would create greater panic and confusion among the population....

Defendants intend to relocate from thirty-five to fifty patients already diagnosed with the coronavirus from a secure location on Travis Air Force Base where they are isolated from population centers to Costa Mesa, a densely populated city within a County of over three million. And they plan to do so without first determining the suitability of the facility where these individuals will be housed. The defendants' plan was announced at the eleventh hour, with no efforts to include local...leaders....

Fairview was previously used as a residential facility for individuals with disabilities that prevented them from living independently. Fairview is a dilapidated complex surrounded by residential neighborhoods, busy thoroughfares, and popular recreation facilities. It was not intended to house individuals infected with a highly contagious and deadly disease.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWJBJq-tVsc</ref>}}
A judge denied a request by the city of Kent to block King County, [[Washington]] from using a downtown motel as a coronavirus quarantine site. The city argued they were not consulted beforehand.<ref>https://www.king5.com/article/news/health/coronavirus/kent-takes-legal-action-to-block-king-county-coronavirus-quarantine-motel/281-59679e4a-abbe-4286-a605-0bef4dd53aa3</ref>

A New Rochelle, New York attorney was the first case diagnosed in New York; 3 doctors who treated him in White Plains, Westchester County then became infected.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EB2Tn3l_YU8</ref> Two attendees at the [[AIPAC]] conference in [[Washington, D.C.]] from Westchester County tested positive.<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/aipac-says-group-of-attendees-at-conference-may-have-had-past-exposure-to-coronavirus/ar-BB10KOmS</ref>

At [[beach]]es in South [[Florida]], young Americans neglected requests to observe civil seperation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/03/18/twerking-spring-breakers-party-south-florida-beaches-despite-social-distancing-orders/|title=Twerking Spring Breakers Party on South Florida Beaches Despite Social Distancing Orders|date=March 18, 2020|accessdate=March 19, 2020|author=Hannah Bleau|publisher=[[Breitbart News]]}}</ref>

===Outbreaks===
The first reported death to the Wuhan virus or 'Luhan virus' as Democrat presidential candidate [[Joe Biden]] referred to it,<ref>https://twitter.com/TrumpWarRoom/status/1243686891368722437</ref> occurred in [[Washington state]], which immediately declared a state of emergency. A reported infection was found in a [[United States Postal Service]] employee who worked in a package-sorting facility.<ref>https://dmlnewsapp.com/breaking-us-postal-service-worker-tests-positive-coronavirus-video/</ref> The City of [[San Francisco]] declared a state of emergency earlier when the first reported infection occurred.

Dr. Anthony Fauci, chief epidemiologist in the United States, warned the outbreak could overwhelm the US healthcare system.<ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/first-case-coronavirus-detected-eu-headquarters-brussels-live-updates</ref>

The clusters that began appearing in the United States were found to have originated with travelers coming from Europe. The [[European Union]] had failed to take immediate precautions and restrict travel from China and other hot spots in January when outbreaks were first reported. As a result a number of new clusters in the United States were seeded by travelers from Europe. By March 12, 2020, of the 35 states reporting infections, 30 originated with travelers from Europe.<ref>https://nypost.com/2020/03/12/its-a-wise-move-democrats-show-rare-support-for-trump-over-europe-travel-ban/</ref> On March 13, 2020 the World Health Organization announced the epicenter of viral outbreaks had shifted from China to Europe.<ref>https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/13/europe-is-now-the-epicenter-of-the-coronavirus-pandemic-who-says.html</ref> President Trump initiated a 30-day travel ban of all flights from Europe, with the exception of the [[United Kingdom]], which recently established a hard border with the European Union and was reporting fewer cases than France, Germany, Italy and elsewhere on the continent.

===Border control===
Since the coronavirus outbreak in China was reported, 328 [[illegal immigrant]]s from China were nabbed jumping the U.S.-Mexico border as of early March 2020. Three other people from South Korea — another country with rapidly spreading cases — have also been arrested at the border, as have 122 people from the [[Dominican Republic]], where the coronavirus has now been detected.<ref>https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/mar/4/dhs-links-coronavirus-border-328-chinese-illegals-/</ref><ref>https://www.dailywire.com/news/328-chinese-nationals-caught-trying-to-illegally-enter-u-s-at-southern-border/</ref>

===Supply chains===
[[File:49666158142 b165838569 k.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Stress related to the spread of the virus has led to panic-buying across the United States, as major grocery retailers had their shelves largely emptied of basic necessities, such as this Kroger in Columbus, Ohio, March 2020 ''(cr. Dan Keck)''. ]]
President Donald Trump said that the coronavirus outbreak highlighted the importance of bringing back to the United States previously offshore supply chains for medicine and gear that are needed to fight the spread of the outbreak. Steps have already taken to mitigate the risk to public health because of the country's reliance on other countries for key medication and equipment. The outbreak showed the importance of bringing manufacturing back to America so that we can produce at home the medicines and equipment and everything needed to protect the public's health.

Rosemary Gibson, senior advisor at the Hastings Center, a bioethics research institute, said that the reliance on foreign countries for life-saving
medicines made the United States vulnerable. Gibson provided details of the depletion of America's pharmaceutical industrial base. The US can no longer make [[penicillin]]; the last U.S. penicillin fermentation plant closed in 2004. Industry data reveal Chinese companies formed a [[cartel]] and [[collude]]d to sell the product on the global market a below market price and drove all US, European, and Indian producers out of business. Once they gained the dominant global market share, prices increased.

America's pharmaceutical supply chain is a devastating indictment of pre-Trump [[national security]] and public health policy. A nation heavily reliant on vital medicines and their ingredients from an increasingly hostile and secretive China is a devastating indictment of pre-Trump national security and public health policy.

==Global pandemic==
:{{Main article|Global Wuhan coronavirus pandemic}}
Approximately six weeks before the outbreak of the coronavirus epidemic in early December 2019 in Wuhan (China), an exercise was organized by the Davos World Economic Forum in cooperation with the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The exercise was held in [[New York City]] on 18 October 2019, for the specific purpose of mapping the response of transnational corporations and governments to a coronavirus epidemic.<ref>[https://www.voltairenet.org/article209126.html?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=59e20589189a4ef51e1c790a502c38dca2d37001-1582567175-0-AVunZ5W4TxylXaPL1c5ZSk-m7WveKOAu-ZhEuSPLUU12pMVSa0Ee_7y2wZLldc86g38I0X2OPFXUjQeSc6zzQ1pUxu_kQ8WiC3BW_tdzH0QrGU302w8xRqgsaaFmnWfdfim6VYYfo4VN_MfL9qX3JKGZmCYhKu8mlNaYe2OABUc3DOGK2a_2V_zgkRfT3O0PjmSsKl5WZf2G5DXeFWNcDR_LwJP4FzpiBjsGS4-d5DpygDcoIGMHUmo5Z6AdhWz7Dn7oi80qGOKwuT0sy2U1rpevae6wV-104xkyPPWysx2s]</ref>

The pandemic spread as a result of human-to-human transmission beginning in Wuhan. As it metastasized, the World Health Organization (WHO) parroted the Chinese Communist Party line that the Wuhan virus could not be passed from one human to another, and that it was “racist” to refer to the virus by its place of origin.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/03/26/5-major-paradigm-shifts-the-wuhan-flu-crisis-has-revealed-americans-need/</ref>

While the CCP propaganda boasted of its aid to 82 countries outside China,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkdPPzmGbcU</ref> reports emerged of defective coronavirus test kits that China distributed to Italy, Spain, Ukraine<ref>https://twitchy.com/gregp-3534/2020/03/27/add-ukraine-to-the-list-of-countries-that-received-the-piece-of-crap-covid-19-tests-from-china/</ref> and throughout Europe.<ref>https://freebeacon.com/national-security/chinese-distributed-faulty-coronavirus-test-kits-throughout-europe-reports-indicate/ </ref>

Microsoft founder [[Bill Gates]] claimed that the Covid-19 outbreak in [[Africa]] could cause "10 million deaths," hours before [[Egypt]]'s ministry of health confirmed its first case.<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/02/15/coronovirus-bill-gates-warns-10-million-deaths-virus-spreads/</ref>

[[Harvard University]] epidemiology professor Marc Lipsitch predicted that within a year, 40% to 70% of the world’s population would get the novel coronavirus and COVID-19, the disease that it causes. With a world population of 7.5 billion, that means 3 to 5 billion people globally would get the novel coronavirus, and COVID-19 would kill up to 60 to 100 million.<ref>https://www.defenseone.com/ideas/2020/02/youre-likely-get-coronavirus/163290/?oref=d1-in-article</ref>

[[Youtube]] de-monetized channels covering the coronavirus outbreak in [[Hong Kong]] and elsewhere. Japan closed all public schools.

===WHO response===
[[File:WHO-CCP Wuhan virus.PNG|right|300px|thumb|The WHO, headed by a Marxist [[fellow traveller]], publicly announced that the Wuhan virus posed no threat of contagious reaction between humans.<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2020/03/18/flashback-who-china-coronavirus-contagious/</ref>]]
World Health Organization (WHO) boss Tad Adhamon was a leader in [[Ethiopia]]'s Tigray People's Liberation Front, a wing of the ruling [[Marxist]] Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front. Adhamon served the repressive regime as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2016 after a stint as Health Minister.

The socialist government did not allow the WHO in China until February 10, 2020 - more than two months after the first cases were observed.

Rresearchers have identified a "tipping point" at which the virus goes from dangerous to deadly in extremely susceptible patients. A WHO report written 18 days later based on observation in China stated that 80% of infections ("mild cases") can self-isolate, 13% require hospitalization, and 6% require intensive care. While many patients experience nothing more than a mild cold, one in seven patients develops difficulty breathing and other "severe" complications, while 6% become critically ill and require hospitalization to stabilize their condition, risking death if they can't receive the highest level of care.<ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/scientists-warn-about-dangerous-tipping-point-where-covid-19-goes-mild-deadly</ref> Some questions remain regarding whether the developed world has enough hospital beds available to treat cases requiring hospitalization. WHO said the coronavirus ''infection rate'' (as opposed to death rate) was thought to be the same as the flu when the virus was only known in China but has since been found to be ''two to three times that infectious''.<ref>https://www.investmentwatchblog.com/who-raises-death-rate-and-risk-of-coronavirus-one-expert-declares-wwii/</ref>

Tad Adhamon criticized travel bans to and from China saying, "There is no reason for measures that unnecessarily interfere with international travel and trade." The WHO was not allowed into China until February 10, 2020, more than two months after the virus was first discovered. Adhamon praised the CCP's response: "We appreciate the seriousness with which China is taking this outbreak, especially the commitment from top leadership and the transparency they have demonstrated," and "China is actually setting a new standard for outbreak response." Film clips of Adhamon are shown on Chinese television saying, "China took action massively at the epicenter at the source of the outbreak. This is heroic. The actions of China is making us safer."

Peter Humphrey, a British investigator who was jailed in China in 2013 had been drugged, chained to a chair, locked in a cage and made to read out a statement written by the police in front of cameras. The anchor who presented the footage, James Chao, is now a goodwill ambassador with the World Health Organization.

The World Health Organization is horribly corrupt. An audit revealed there has been a surge in internal corruption allegations across the whole of the
organization with the detection of multiple schemes aimed at defrauding large sums of money from the international body, overwhelming an internal team of full-time investigators. An ''[[Associated Press]]'' expose in 2017 found that nearly half of the WHO two billion dollar budget went to first-class airfare and five-star hotels. The United States is the largest contributor US taxpayers fund about a quarter of the WHO budget. The WHO is working with [[Google]] to ensure that people get information from the [[UN]] health agency first when they search for information about the virus.

==Economic impact==
Most all major auto producers use at least 30% of auto parts manufactured in China. With the closing of factories and lockdown of 400 million Chinese, auto supply replacement parts are likely to rise. Conversely, Chinese oil demand was down 20% two weeks after the CCP alerted the world to the outbreak. With the ban on driving and closing of public transportation, oil prices are likely to fall,

By the third week after the CCP publicly admitted to the virus outbreak, air travel was down some 80% in China. Airport security personnel at check-in outnumbered the number of flight passengers.

Nissan temporarily closed one of its factories in Japan after running short of Chinese components, one week after Hyundai in South Korea did the same. Fiat Chrysler may shutter one of its European plants.
[[File:Wuhan masks.PNG|right|150px|thumb|Although masks are in short supply, a person can be arrested for not wearing a mask in public.]]
Publicly traded companies in [[America]] and abroad lowered earning estimates due to the impact of the coronavirus.<ref>https://www.engadget.com/2020/02/13/nvidia-cuts-outlook-coronavirus/</ref>

Tourism and the travel industry suffered immediate setbacks. Chinese factory manufacturing output decline 17% in January and February 2020.<ref>https://mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN20U05R?__twitter_impression=true</ref>

===Shortages===
A critical shortage of masks occurred within the first month. American hospitals were overly dependent on Chinese made medical supplies. Hospitals in the US were already having to ration their inventory amid one of the worst flu seasons in decades. Masks were only available in departments such as intensive care units, divisions involved with infection, prevention and emergency departments in some hospitals.

White House Manufacturing and Trade Advisor Peter Navarro advocated for a return to U.S. production of medical products as a matter of [[national security]]. In his first three years President Trump positioned the U.S. to withstand supply chain disruption better than most countries. Starting from a position that the U.S. was too dependent on Chinese products, Trump pressured companies to return to the U.S. or find alternate suppliers outside China. During the two-year tariff battle many companies did exactly that. As a result those companies are less dependent on Chinese component goods. A proactive position is now helping many U.S. companies avoid the China economic meltdown.

Proctor & Gamble warned that the company’s 17,600 products use 9,000 materials that come from 387 factories / suppliers across China, and that all of them may be disrupted by the coronavirus pandemic.<ref>https://www.cips.org/en/supply-management/news/2020/february/pg-warns-17600-products-possibly-hit-by-coronavirus/</ref>

== Origin of Covid-19 virus ==

Chinese researchers indicate the novel coronavirus may have begun human-to-human transmission in late November 2019 from a place other than the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan. A study published on ChinaXiv, a Chinese open repository for scientific researchers, reveals the new coronavirus was introduced to the seafood market from another location, and then spread rapidly from market to market.<ref>https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1180429.shtml</ref>

===Wuhan Center for Disease Control===
Chinese scientists announced the virus may have originated at a government laboratory only 280 meters away from the Huanan seafood market. Disease-ridden animals, including more than 600 horseshoe bats, were kept at the facility. A Chinese-language newspaper published in Hong Kong, ''Ming Pao'', and the British daily, ''The Mirror'' explained that the Wuhan Center for Disease Control, or WHCDC, could have spawned the contagion in Hubei Province. It stated that it's plausible the virus was leaked from the lab and contaminated initial patients in this epidemic. Sen. [[Tom Cotton]], citing ''The Lancet'', tweeted
{{quotebox|China claimed—for almost two months—that coronavirus had originated in a Wuhan seafood market. That is not the case. @TheLancet published a study demonstrating that of the original 40 cases, 14 of them had no contact with the seafood market, including Patient Zero.<ref>https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/tom-cotton-implies-coronavirus-originated-in-wuhan-super-laboratory</ref>}}
This suggests that there was an earlier source of the virus that is unrelated to the seafood market and that has not yet been traced. If this theory is correct, the infection originated no later than November and infected the seafood market in December. The case histories and the pattern of infection were known to Chinese researchers from the beginning, so earlier reports fingering the market may have been intentionally misleading.<ref>Cohen, Jon, "[https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/01/wuhan-seafood-market-may-not-be-source-novel-virus-spreading-globally Wuhan seafood market may not be source of novel virus spreading globally]," ''Science'', Jan. 26, 2020.</ref> ''[[The Washington Post]]'', which routinely publishes Chinese Communist [[propaganda]] and sought to cover for the Communist regime, blasted Sen. Cotton over his comments.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/02/19/washington-post-uses-chinese-propaganda-in-attempt-to-blast-sen-tom-cotton-over-coronavirus-comments/</ref>

===Bioweapon theory===
One theory that has recently been postulated is that the coronavirus may be linked to Chinese bio-weapons research<ref>https://ktrh.iheart.com/content/2020-01-24-virus-hit-wuhan-has-two-laboratories-linked-to-chinese-bio-warfare-program/?pname=local_social&keyid=KTRH&sc=editorial</ref>. The city of Wuhan, where the virus originated, has the Wuhan Institute of Virology, where "''...it was reported to have studied coronaviruses in the past, including the strain that causes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, the H5N1 influenza virus, Japanese encephalitis, and dengue''"<ref>http://www.tibetanreview.net/did-the-wuhan-virus-escape-from-chinas-bio-weapons-lab/</ref>. A second facility nearby, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products, is also listed one of eight research facilities under the 1985 Biological Weapons Convention, of which China is a signatory.

The State Department issued a report in 2019 stating "''Information indicates that the People’s Republic of China engaged during the reporting period in biological activities with potential dual-use applications, which raises concerns regarding its compliance with the BWC."''<ref>https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Compliance-Report-2019-August-19-Unclassified-Final.pdf</ref> For its part, China has stated that it does not engage in bio-weapons engineering,<ref>https://www.nti.org/learn/countries/china/biological/</ref> despite discussion of bio and genetic weapons being discussed at the highest levels of the Chinese military<ref>https://jamestown.org/program/chinas-military-biotech-frontier-crispr-military-civil-fusion-and-the-new-revolution-in-military-affairs/</ref>, as well as a "white paper" drafted in 2001 which stressed ''"...in order to strengthen the effectiveness of the BWC, a necessary verification mechanism should be established"''.<ref>https://media.nti.org/pdfs/5a_1.pdf</ref>

[[India]]n researchers have found [[HIV]]-derived inserts in the coronavirus [[genome]] that compound the infectious potential and greatly bolster the argument this virus was developed as a bioterror weapon. A 2016 Worldwide Threat Assessment by [[John Brennan]] and the US [[Intelligence Community]] lists China as a major potential “terror actor” and genome editing as a major terror risk.<ref>https://www.paulcraigroberts.org/2020/02/01/coronavirus-the-plot-thickens/</ref>

Many have expressed skepticism of the bio-weapon theory. Dr Malcolm Davis, a defense analyst in Australia, tweeted ''"If evidence came to the fore to support such a theory, then yes - but so far, none has. Its more likely the virus jumped from an animal into humans in the Wuhan markets."''.<ref>https://m.noosanews.com.au/news/mystery-lab-30km-from-virus-ground-zero/3931000/</ref> New organizations - many left-leaning - have also stated that conspiracy theories have been created almost as soon as the news of the pandemic reached the public.<ref>https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/29/coronavirus-china-lab-mortality-virology-wuhan-virus-not-bioweapon/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-51271037</ref>

===Early narrative===
''See also:'' [[Dietary practices of atheists#Origin of the Wuhan coronavirus epidemic and the dietary habits of Chinese atheists|Origin of the Wuhan coronavirus epidemic and the dietary habits of Chinese atheists]]

The ''Washington Post'' indicated "The trigger point for the current coronavirus remains unclear, but [[China]] has linked the outbreak to the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, which despite its name also appeared to be selling live cats and dogs, wild chickens, snakes and marmots."<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-outbreak-underscores-potential-health-risks-in-chinas-wild-animal-trade/2020/01/25/5f5353be-3f6f-11ea-971f-4ce4f94494b4_story.html Coronavirus outbreak underscores potential health risks in China’s wild animal trade], ''Washington Post'', 2020</ref> CNN reported concerning China: "Vendors in small city markets often sell wild animals including rodents, yak, snakes and even porcupines, and experts say that makes them far more dangerous. The meat could contain deadly pathogens like the coronavirus."<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/27/world/coronavirus-china-bans-wildlife-trade-trnd/index.html Chinese officials crack down on wildlife markets as coronavirus outbreak nears 3,000 cases]</ref>

The Wuhan coronavirus outbreak has been blamed on China's "wet markets," where raw meat is sold side-by-side with live animals, including illegally sold wild animals. The first case can be traced back to November 17, 2019, and the first death on December 9, 2019. Some cases were rumored among stallholders from the Wuhan South China Seafood Market in early December but hushed up by Chinese authorities.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBxZ1XIYmGc&feature=push-prem-sub&attr_tag=Pi2j7UuDGqgDAixI%3A6</ref> This market is said to have sold processed meats and live animals, including chickens, donkeys, sheep, pigs, foxes, badgers, bamboo rats, hedgehogs, and snakes.<ref>"[https://www.businessinsider.com/wuhan-coronavirus-chinese-wet-market-photos-2020-1#the-huanan-wholesale-seafood-market-in-wuhan-closed-on-january-1-after-it-was-found-to-be-the-most-likely-starting-point-for-the-outbreak-of-this-coronavirus-called-2019-ncov-1 The outbreaks of both the Wuhan coronavirus and SARS likely started in Chinese wet markets. Photos show what the markets look like.]", ''Business Insider''</ref>

Previous coronavirus outbreaks include SARS-CoV in 2002-2003 and MERS-CoV in 2012. Both of these strains originated in bats. SARS was transferred to humans through a masked palm civet, presumably in a Chinese wet market. MERS was transferred through a camel in Saudi Arabia. The protein codes in the Wuhan virus are most similar to those found in snakes, so it is possible that the virus jumped to humans from a snake. Snakes often hunt bats for food, but disease rarely transmits from a warm-blooded animal to a cold-blooded animal.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/22/health/snakes-wuhan-coronavirus-outbreak-conversation-partner/index.html Snakes could be the source of the Wuhan coronavirus outbreak]," CNN, January 24, 2020.</ref>

==China outbreak, quarantine and fatalities==

A coronavirus outbreak occurred on December 8, 2019 or earlier in Wuhan, China, apparently first discovered in a food marketplace where wild animals in cages for human consumption were sold (including cats and snakes. See also: [[Cat slaughtering practices in China]]). With [[globalism]] encouraging trade and travel between countries, this coronavirus spread quickly to the United States after the Beijing central government admitted to the outbreak. Five confirmed infections and many more suspected ones here,<ref>[https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/26/799726161/coronavirus-case-confirmed-in-arizona-bringing-u-s-total-to-5 Coronavirus Case Confirmed In Arizona, Bringing U.S. Total To 5]</ref> and 56 deaths confirmed worldwide within days.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/health/coronavirus-update-death-toll-grows-spreading Coronavirus: 56 dead and 1,975 infected as Canada reports 1st case]</ref>

As of the Chinese New Year's Day, January 25, 2020, at least 41 million people were quarantined in fifteen Chinese cities.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tF_iXzKtWUM Canada's role in the deadly coronavirus outbreak | Ezra Levant], Rebel Media, January 26, 2020.</ref> 82 deaths were reported with nearly 3000 confirmed infections.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBbtLCIvDxs</ref> Within three weeks 1,700 frontline medical workers were said to be infected.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/14/more-than-1700-health-workers-infected-by-coronavirus-in-china</ref>

Chinese specialists in [[Hong Kong]] predicted a doubling of infections every six days. The infection was initially reported to have a two week incubation period with the infected person being contagious while showing no symptoms. Epidemiologists warn it has the potential of becoming a global epidemic requiring containment of population movements.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYyH4N8VXvA&feature=push-lbss&attr_tag=ZsS4DRjrARjwNKU-%3A6 Experts share analysis on scale of the coronavirus outbreak], UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG, HONG KONG, CHINA - Epidemiology experts Joseph Wu and Gabriel Leung. January 27, 2020. Youtube</ref> On January 29, 2020 the [[World Health Organization]] declared Coronavirus a global emergency.

The [[pandemic]] originally had been forecast by the Hong Kong experts to peak out in April-May 2020. On January 31, 2020, [[Health and Human Services]] Secretary Alex M. Azar II declared a public health emergency and [[President Trump]] appointed an interagency task force to deal with the problem. The U.S. [[Center for Disease Control]] labeled it a "serious public health threat."

Wuhan was the first major metropolitan area in the world to rollout 5G technology on October 31, 2019 on an experimental basis. The first known cases of coronavirus were on December 8, 2019 in the Wuhan seafood market. While there is no direct connection between 5G and the virus, high levels of radio frequency (RF) radiation has long been known to be harmful for humans and the environment. Despite the industry's sales pitch, 5G technology massively increases exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiation greater than the 2G, 3G and 4G networks for [[telecommunication]]s already in place.<ref>https://blog.nomorefakenews.com/2020/02/28/5g-and-the-china-epidemic/</ref> While a definitive answer remains unknown, some theorize 5G technology and high radio frequency radiation may be responsible for weakening people’s immune system and the ability to resist the virus.

A woman who telephoned a hospital to get help for her husband was informed that there is "No medical staff anymore. They are dead or sick!"<ref>https://dcdirtylaundry.com/audio-woman-calls-wuhan-hospital-to-try-to-get-help-for-her-sick-husband-no-medical-staff-anymore-they-are-dead-or-sick/</ref>

===Chinese efforts to suppress news of the outbreak===
Sources within China say 90,000 people were infected before the Chinese government alerted the public to the danger of the epidemic. People reporting on [[social media]] about the true extent of the disaster from within the Wuhan containment zone risk arrest by the atheist controlled, [[Chinese Communist Party]] (see also: [[Atheism and the Wuhan coronavirus epidemic]]).<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/china-issues-harsh-warning-to-silence-social-media-postings-on-wuhan-pneumonia_3219251.html</ref> The Wuhan outbreak and the leftist regime's handling of the crisis has led to questions domestically about the legitimacy of the Communist regime.<ref>https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/31/wuhan-coronavirus-hurt-chinese-communist-party-legitimacy/</ref>

In the first week after the news [[leak]]ed out of China, more than ten countries including Singapore, Thailand, Australia, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and others confirmed cases. Within six weeks more than 50 countries reported cases.

The virus is not related to any form of [[influence]], and its nickname '''WuFlu''' has been used because of its flu-like symptoms after the incubation period.

===Crematoriums===
[[File:Wuhan ashes.PNG|right|thumb|150px|Trash bin full of ashes after 1 day at a Wuhan crematorium.<ref>https://twitter.com/IsChinar/status/1223045699874492417</ref>]]
The leftist regime was accused of burning bodies 24 hours a day in secret to hide the true number of deaths.<ref>https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm</ref><ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/burning-bodies-secret-new-accounts-wuhan-detail-coronavirus-outbreak</ref><ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/funeral-home-worker-in-wuhan-epicenter-of-coronavirus-we-are-working-24-7-to-cremate-bodies_3227432.html</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhgtRhWh240</ref> Crematory workers are working 10-12 hours a day and do not go home. More than 60% of victims die at home and 38% in hospitals. The communist bureaucracy tries to issue death certificates, including the cause of death, within thirty minutes. Transporting corpses to crematoriums for disposal is the most time consuming task in the process.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-KFxCqV1fPQ</ref> Funeral workers were brought in to Wuhan from all over China.

There are 8 funeral homes with crematoriums in Wuhan. Cremation is the traditional mode of burial in China. As of late March 2020, CCP official statistics reported 3295 deaths. ''Bloomberg News '' reported one funeral home alone in Wuhan received a shipment of 2500 urns the same week, and a photo showed another 3500 urns stacked inside leading to further widespread suspicion that the CCP was lying about the number of reported deaths.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-27/stacks-of-urns-in-wuhan-prompt-new-questions-of-virus-s-toll</ref>

The Chinese government began using mobile crematory units. In a video circulating on the internet, a Wuhan resident says she witnessed critically ill coronavirus patients sealed up in body bags while alive.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpeNO8PSuyY</ref>

While the tragedy unfolded the China Tribunal, an independent people’s tribunal, released its full judgment on Chinese forced organ harvesting. The panel was chaired by Sir Geoffrey Nice who previously led the [[prosecution]] of former [[Yugoslavia]] [[Prime Minister]] [[Slobodan Milosevic]] for [[war crimes]] at the International Criminal Tribunal and included other experts in law, transplant surgery, international politics, Chinese history and business. The experts concluded that the grisly practice has continued unabated. In June 2019 the tribunal delivered its findings in [[London]], concluding beyond a
reasonable doubt that state sanctioned forced organ harvesting from prisoners of conscience has taken place for years in China on a significant scale and is
still taking place. The main organ supply came from imprisoned practitioners of the persecuted spiritual group [[Falun Gong]].

The Chinese regime has persecuted the group for more than two decades. Hundreds of thousands of adherents have been thrown into prisons, labor camps, and
brainwashing centers where many have been tortured in an effort to force them to renounce their faith. The tribunal concluded that the Chinese regime sustained campaign of forced organ harvesting constituted a crime against humanity. Many people have died indescribable hideous deaths for no reason, that more may suffer in similar ways, and that all of us live on a planet where extreme wickedness may be found in the power of those, who for the time being, are running a country that is one of the oldest civilizations known to modern man.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2gfN2_uOvTM</ref>

==CCP reaction==
[[ File:Mao corona.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Chinese Communists suppressed news of the outbreak for two months, arrested doctors who posted on social media about it, and did not advise the people of Wuhan until after the virus spread throughout the world.]]
:{{See also|Chinese coronavirus - Chinese Communist Party response}}
The Chinese central government, a [[single party regime]], stifled public warnings about the epidemic for three weeks after the first confirmed inflections in early December 2019.<ref>Doctors who posted on social media about the virus were accused of spreading “illegal and false” information and made to sign a Jan. 3, 2020 letter saying that they had “severely disrupted social order:”"On December 30, 2019, WeChat group "Clinical Wuhan University 04" issued untrue statements about 7 cases of SARS diagnosed in the South China fruit and seafood market. Now raise warnings and admonitions according to law on the illegal issue of untrue statements on the Internet. Your behavior severely disrupts social order. Your behavior has exceeded the scope permitted by law, and it violates the relevant provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Public Security Management Penalties , which is an illegal act! The public security organ hopes that you will actively cooperate with your work, follow the advice of the police, and stop the illegal behavior. can you do it? Answer: Yes We hope that you calm down and reflect carefully, and solemnly warn you: if you are stubborn, do not think about repentance, and continue to carry out illegal activities, you will be punished by the law! do you understand? Answer: understand" https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E4%BA%AE%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%AD%E8%AF%AB%E4%B9%A6.png </ref> The local Communist-controlled Wuhan government was instructed by the central authority not to issue health alerts until after the virus was spread throughout the country and internationally. The [[Beijing]] central government in turn blamed local officials for allowing people to exit the city and put the rest of the population in danger.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/wuhan-mayor-admits-wrongdoing-but-pushes-blame-on-beijing-for-mishandling-viral-outbreak-crisis_3218297.html</ref>

In Wuhan, the "Chicago of China" with 11 million residents, all public transportation was halted. Gas stations were closed. Paramedic emergency services halted. Hospitals were packed and emergency phone lines do not work. There is no way to get to a hospital other than walking. Healthy people waiting for testing in hospitals are becoming infected.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PuLB8moUcn8&feature=push-u-sub&attr_tag=PAu19fTV0Yzs9HuM%3A6</ref>

The outbreak occurred during the Chinese New Year when people travel to spend the holidays with family and friends, then return to their homes across China.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S7b2GAf1E74&feature=push-u-sub&attr_tag=EOg_JaDhAqx2Fs8z%3A6</ref> 5 million people had exited Wuhan, some by international air flights, before the city was put on lock down on January 23, 2020. There are about 360,000 students from China attending college in the United States. The leftist regime made no provisions for a humanitarian disaster after the lockdown.

Hospitals in Hubei Province, where Wuhan is located, need 100,000 protective suits daily, but total daily production nationwide is only 30,000.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/100000-hospital-beds-to-be-added-in-hubei-china-ground-zero-of-coronavirus-outbreak_3217726.html</ref> Because of the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), hospital staffs began making their own masks and clothing out of non-sterile trash bags.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxXv0trBhY0</ref>

President [[Donald Trump]] offered China any help necessary.<ref>https://news.am/eng/news/556919.html</ref> The leftist regime, with its trademark [[monopoly]] control of power, banned private charities and volunteers from entering Hubei Province or sending materials to hospitals directly.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/china-restricts-medical-supply-donations-to-epicenter-despite-dire-need-during-viral-outbreak_3217718.html</ref> As in all top-down Communist societies, reports of rampant corruption and a black market to resell donations and supplies emerged.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3LLHQQj6mI</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzDZQavgDRk</ref>

China quarantined 80 cities. Large mobile defogger canon were videoed scouring the streets of cities spraying disinfectant.<ref>https://twitter.com/Tssomas/status/1225809838963396608</ref>

===State media reaction===
[[File:Projected cases.png|right|350px|thumb|Projected cases and fatalities January 27, 2020, four days after the outbreak became known; within four more days reported fatalities and infections more than doubled.]]
On February 5, 2020 State media broadcast an interview with lead scientist Wang Chen. Chen claimed:

1. The situation is grave. A new diagnostic class "clinically diagnosed" (those showing clinical symptoms but without [[RNA]] test) is added to facilitate access to treatment.

2. 11 new container hospitals will provide patients with light symptoms with limited medical care but better containment. Real hospitals will be used for serious cases (confirmed or suspected).

3. Suspected patients will stay in single rooms in container hospitals. Infected patients will stay in open-air beds.

4. They don't know how many are actually infected. The officially reported number is just the new test results.

5. Gilead's medicine has shown the most promise. But it still requires clinical trials.

6. They can't estimate when the turning point will be.

Chinese state-run media falsely blamed the United States for the outbreak.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fg7FwHteB0I</ref> On March 12, 2020 the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman initiated a [[conspiracy theory]] that the US military started the coronavirus in China,.<ref> https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1238150527751319575</ref><ref>https://news.trust.org/item/20200312152307-rlv7m</ref> Leftist media in the United States willingly aided Chinese propaganda efforts by falsely calling those who link the virus to Wuhan, where it first manifested, "[[racist]]".<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/13/dems-media-warned-new-narrative-aids-chinas-new-conspiracy-us-military-started-covid-19-896694</ref>

====Under-reporting true scale of infections====
The true scale of infections is estimated to be possibly ten-times higher than the official number reported by the Chinese central government.<ref>https://finance.yahoo.com/news/chinas-coronavirus-victims-likely-10-times-higher-than-reported-analyst-says-155836267.html</ref>

On January 24, 2020, one day after the world was first alerted to the outbreak, a doctor circumventing [[liberal censorship|leftist censorship]] in Wuhan reported 90,000 infected cases.<ref>Dear friends, elders,
I ’m still in the epidemic area of Hankou, Wuhan, and I ’d like to report to you the current epidemic situation in Hubei and even the whole country.
There are now more than 90,000 person-times (Note: Infected person-times or incidents?)
What is the chance of this virus being transmitted? After a person is infected, if he is not effectively isolated,
Or if effective treatment is performed, he will infect 14 people around him, so this level is very large.
Now it’s the time of the Chinese New Year family and friends, relatives, children, and children are all going to the house to reunite the family together for a reunion dinner
The situation is special now. I hope you don’t go out.
Every year in the Spring Festival, as long as people are safe, everyone can be together anytime, anywhere
Let me introduce you to the situation of medical supplies in Hubei Province
At present, the entire medical system in Wuhan, which integrates the entire medical system in Hubei Province, has passed through our superiors. The health and health committee (Note: these three words are uncertain)
And various administrative departments

The municipal government and the provincial government are initiating donations to the society through major media. This material is medical material. For example, the goggles I wear
Wear disposable masks, wear disposable gloves, wear this gown, or even isolation pants.
This material is extremely accurate. Our current medical staff must come back to the front line when they come down from the clinic.
I am now equivalent to recording this video with everyone on the FireWire, in order to make everyone accurate.
I stress again that during the Spring Festival holiday, don’t go out and stay in your own house, otherwise I ’m desperately ahead
Not just to keep my dad, my loved ones, healthy
I hope everyone can understand, I also know that some relatives are not in the group, please see the news of me, call each other and inform
It must be done. I hope everyone can raise awareness. This is a political task.
And I ’m reporting very bad news. This new type of coronavirus has undergone the second generation mutation
In other words, in the first generation of mutation, we can treat it symptomatically.
Then when the second-generation mutation occurs, this is terrible, and its chance of infection is not one person to one person, one person has the disease and infects 14 people around him.
Then it is pour burst (note: these five characters are uncertain)
I hope everyone remembers, do n’t go out, do n’t go out, do n’t meet, do n’t have dinner
thank you all https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfdWmjPt2ow https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/wuhan-nurse-fears-90000-infected-emotional-plea-help</ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'' of [[London]] quoted Prof. Neil Ferguson saying “My best guess now is perhaps 100,000 cases right now. Almost certainly many tens of thousands of people are infected.”<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/jan/26/coronavirus-could-infect-100000-globally-experts-warn</ref> Other sources likewise have implied that the [[communist]] government of China may have under-reported the true dimensions of the problem.

Because coronavirus is a "noval" virus, meaning "new" or "unknown", technicians lack the training to identify infections. People are going to multiple hospitals daily, attempting to be tested or treated. There are a limited number of test kits available, so hospitals have to choose who will be tested. That is one more reason why the true extent of the virus was underreported.

The first week 213 deaths were reported worldwide with over 9,800 confirmed infections. The leftist Chinese regime was suspected of suppressing the real extent of the epidemic. By the end of the second week 813 were reported dead with more than 37,300 confirmed infected. 193,000 were under observation. 400 million people were on lockdown nationwide.<ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/more-400-million-people-lockdown-guangzhou-joins-quarantine</ref>

Near the end of the third week 1,666 were reported dead with 69,000 plus infected. There was near universal skepticism - inside and outside China - on the Chinese socialist government's reporting on the epidemic.

2363 deaths were reported with 78,000 infections near the end of the fourth week. CCP officials admitted to changing their methodology of reported infections, lowering the rate of reported numbers. [[South Korea]] was reporting a complete doubling every day for the past four days. [[Iran]] was experiencing a serious outbreak. Reported numbers in the United States were puzzling.

The sixth week - after the virus spread globally and the first death was reported in the United States, NTD reported that the Communists ordered all data on the coronavirus to be destroyed in a province close to Beijing, in a deceitful attempt to suppress the true extent of the virus' spread in China.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRagZsnEc2Q</ref>

====Censorship====
CCP authorities cracked down hard on people trying to break through the veil of government secrecy, as [[discrediting attack|they call it "rumormongering"]], according to the state-run Xinhua news agency. All persons who spread "fake news" (i.e. the truth about the real extent of the epidemic, its spread and its consequences), and thus disturbs social order, will face up to three years in prison detention or disciplinary action under China's social credit system. Offenders who cause serious consequences will be given three to seven year prison terms.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLROgqAjDhQ</ref>

Despite the threat of prison, many people still went online to blame the government, both high and low ranking officials. Some residents of Wuhan posted videos calling for international help. Viral videos showed dead bodies on the floor in hospitals as patients sat near by. Videos of massively crowded hospitals were posted causing local authorities to build a giant new containment facility in a week. However, video footage of the project came from Chinese state media. It was released it to [[the West|Western]] [[media]] as a [[propaganda]] effort to demonstrate how "great" the [[authoritarian]] approach to problem solving is. The structures are not really hospitals at all. The structures are large quarantine camps where people are monitored and receive no treatment at all.<ref>https://twitter.com/owishemwe/status/1225758761370910720</ref><ref>[[BuzzFeed]] reported that video of one such "hospital" was actually an apartment building being constructed on the other side of the country. https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/janelytvynenko/china-state-media-false-coronavirus-hospital-image</ref>

The Chinese people became more creative in skirting leftist censorship laws. Guizhou television broadcast a child reading a poem entitled, ''"China has a cold because of a virus that wears a crown,''" a veiled reference to [[President Xi]] and the Communist party.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ajONB3eMQP4</ref>

The leftist social media platform [[Twitter]] suspended [[Zerohedge]] for its extensive reporting on the Coronavirus outbreak.<ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/political/zerohedge-suspended-twitter</ref>

On March 1, 2020 the Communist regime imposed a new [[internet]] censorship policy on the heavily policed Weibo. The hashtag #takedownthewall began trending. Some comments were preserved in screenshots:
*"I know it's useless, but I want to speak up anyway."
*"I'd rather die than not be free."
*"I want to know the world."
*"If we don't take it down, the wall will only be higher and higher."
*"Why should we be proud to stick our head in the sand?"
*"I retweeted 6 posts. They are all deleted now because they have the hashtag. I am going to repost them."
*"We don't want to live in a world where we can't speak. We want to have our own voice."
*"They cover our eyes, ears, mouths....but now, do they want to cut off our hands so we can't write? Maybe they will cut off our feet so we can't walk ahead."

In an effort to "control the narrative" the CCP kicked out three major American news agencies, ''The New York Times'', ''The Washington Post'', and the ''Wall Street Journal'' in March 2020.<ref>http://archive.is/yA41R#selection-917.0-917.96</ref> The [[Democratic party]] and [[liberal media]] only too willingly pushed Chinese communist [[propaganda]] on the source of the global pandemic.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/13/dems-media-warned-new-narrative-aids-chinas-new-conspiracy-us-military-started-covid-19-896694</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/ndrew_lawrence/status/1237174846355841024</ref>

===Lockdown and mass arrests===
[[File:Annotation 2020-01-28 161645.png|300px|right|thumb|Containment facilities with barred windows for Coronavirus patients in Wuhan, China.<ref>https://nationalfile.com/china-posts-video-of-hospital-trailers-with-steel-bars-on-windows-locks-on-outside/</ref>]]
Prior to the opening of camps, the Communist party nailed and barricaded whole households inside their residences. Gates of apartment buiildings were welded shut,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YtqH6eyGaM</ref> and food delivered every three days. When the quarantine camps were ready to receive victims, the Chinese government began forcibly removing people and arresting them to fill up camps.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8GYqcNy4UGU</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gsfe-LAMFIk</ref> [[5G]] technology has been used to facilitate mass round-up

A person can be arrested for not wearing a mask.

Student dorms have been taken over as quarantine detention facilities.

The socialist system, which guarantees access to healthcare as a human right, posted banners reading,
{{quotebox|"If you dare go out we will break your legs; we'll knock your teeth off if you dare talk back."<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmsD3myyFas&t=84s</ref>}}
At least two citizen journalists who were reporting on the real situation in Wuhan and posting on the internet disappeared. It is unknown if they fell victim to the virus or were arrested for violating [[Liberal censorship|communist censorship]] laws.

===Public reaction===
[[File:Wuhan dog.PNG|right|175px|thumb|]]
One of the eight doctors - Dr. [[Li Wenliang]] - forced to a sign a confession on January 3, 2020 admitting to posting “illegal and false” information warning the public of the coronavirus outbreak and epidemic, died on February 7, 2020. A selfie of the doctor lying sick in his hospital bed went viral, stirring widespread outrage in China.<ref>https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/15576/china-coronavirus-li-wenliang</ref> “To get an idea of the enormous scale of said outpouring of grief and anger, Dr. Li’s death apparently generated 800 million(!) comments on Weibo by midnight - 2.5 hours after it was first reported and 3 hours before it was confirmed by the hospital."<ref>https://twitter.com/davidpaulk/status/1225620210775994368?s=11</ref>

A woman in Wuhan posted a video saying,
{{quotebox|Chinese Communist Party, when are you going to step down? You promised us that Chinese people will enjoy ‘moderate prosperity’ in 2020, but what have we attained [from you] so far? We lost our relatives [because of you]!

Tell me, what does it mean to achieve ‘moderate prosperity’?” What does ‘moderate prosperity’ mean to us when people have lost their lives? What on earth are you doing? What do we need such a government for? I beg you, please go away! Step Down! We need good leaders who can help us live a good life. We don’t need such a corrupt government.

The soaring home prices and high cost of living have caused hardships for Chinese residents. And now so many people are dying. Everyone will get to see the economic bubble burst.

You should bear the consequences of your actions. Do not implicate us ordinary folk. Now we are bearing the brunt of it, and we are being sacrificed for what you have been doing!

What on earth are you? Are you humans or devils?<ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/health/are-you-humans-or-devils-chinese-woman-lashes-out-authorities-after-relatives-die-virus</ref>}}

===Tens of thousands of pets abandoned or slaughtered ===
[[File:Dogs being butchered in Guangdong, China 1999.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Dogs being butchered in Guangdong, China.
 
 
For more information, please see: [[Atheists and dog meat eating]] ]]
:{{See also|Atheism and animal abuse|Atheism and the Wuhan coronavirus epidemic}}
As people were carted off to quarantine camps, tens of thousands of pets were abandoned to fend for themselves.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krea5TBgtzk</ref>

[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1236590/coronavirus-latest-china-pets-slaughtered-disease-virus-world-health-organisation-wuhan Tens of thousands of pets in China to be slaughtered by authorities] (Chinese citizens have been ordered to KILL their animals or risk them being culled by the Communist regime). As cats and dogs can transmit the virus, some people on lockdown in highrise apartments have resorted to throwing pets out of windows and balconies.

Additionally, due to the lockdown and workers unable to get to their places of employment, tens of thousands of poultry have starved to death in factory farms, a harbinger of coming food shortages for the country.<ref>https://twitter.com/jenniferatntd/status/1225636440844845059</ref>

===Comparisons with Chernobyl===
In 1986 the explosion of a [[nuclear reactor]] in [[Ukraine]] (then part of the [[Soviet Union]]) was the first in a series of events which led to the fall of [[Communism]] in [[Russia]]. The leftist regime's inability to contain information about the disaster from the Russian people and the world, and the exposure of corruption and inefficiencies of the socialist system, coupled with the danger the socialist system and policies presented to global public health, ultimately led to a collapse of the left-wing top-down [[command and control]] social, political, economic, and public healthcare system throughout 13 Soviet Republics and its [[Eastern Europe|Eastern bloc]] socialist satellite states.

The [[Left]]'s anti-Russian [[xenophobia]] is largely the legacy of Russia's abandonment of socialism.

== Related articles ==
*[https://www.businessinsider.com/wuhan-virus-china-bans-food-markets-selling-live-animals-wolves-2020-1 China banned live animal sales in Wuhan, after a food market selling wolves and civet cats was linked to a deadly virus], ''Business Insider'', 2020

*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-outbreak-underscores-potential-health-risks-in-chinas-wild-animal-trade/2020/01/25/5f5353be-3f6f-11ea-971f-4ce4f94494b4_story.html Coronavirus outbreak underscores potential health risks in China’s wild animal trade], ''Washington Post'', 2020

*[https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/27/world/coronavirus-china-bans-wildlife-trade-trnd/index.html Chinese officials crack down on wildlife markets as coronavirus outbreak nears 3,000 cases], CNN, 2020

==See also==
*[[Contagious coronavirus]]
*[[Coronavirus incubation period]]
*[[Three Years of Disasters]]
*[[Administrative state]]
*[[Open borders]]
*[[Single payer|Universal coverage]]
*[[Google]]
*[[Apple, Inc.]]

==External links==
*[https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html CDC explanation of a coronavirus]
*[https://coronavirus-stats.live/ Coronavirus Real-Time Statistics]
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26552008 A SARS-Like Cluster Of Circulating Bat Coronaviruses Shows Potential For Human Emergence], www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
*[https://www.ntd.com/a-timeline-of-events-leading-up-to-the-coronavirus-outbreak-in-china_442592.html A Timeline of Events Leading Up to the Coronavirus Outbreak in China], ''NTD'', March 7, 2020. Very detailed background material.
*[https://www.axios.com/timeline-the-early-days-of-chinas-coronavirus-outbreak-and-cover-up-ee65211a-afb6-4641-97b8-353718a5faab.html Timeline: The early days of China's coronavirus outbreak and cover-up], ''Axios'', Mar 18, 2020.
*[https://covid19info.live/ Covid19info] (formerly WuFlu, but the domain name changed without a redirect due to [[political correctness|politically incorrect]] and racist implications of attributing Covid-19 to China).
*[https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Global Cases] by [[Johns Hopkins]] Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) updated daily
*[https://nypost.com/2020/01/24/coronavirus-outbreak-video-shows-dead-bodies-in-halls-of-china-hospital/ Video shows dead bodies in halls of China hospital] - [[New York Post]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0fOqXIsMrw Drone footage unveils 'ghost town' Wuhan] - Euro News
*[https://www.bitchute.com/video/2Az21dIxI9wB/ SHOCKING FOOTAGE INSIDE CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK IN CHINA COVID-19]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7XuHXnEiQD0 Video from inside China's isolation facility]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX2mQ-1hId0 #FangBin calls for a nationwide #resistance movement against the tyranny of the Communist Party #CCP]
*[https://www.freedomwatchusa.org/freedom-watch-and-klayman-file-class-action-suit-vs-china-ov Class Action Lawsuit against Chinese Communists for Coronavirus]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Coronavirus}}
[[category:coronavirus]]
[[category:medicine]]
[[Category:Man-Made Disasters]]

People's Liberation Army

2020-03-31T00:16:48Z

William Clifton: added that there were more massacres in China in 1989 than just Tianamen Square in which the PLA also played a vital role in taking down.

The '''People's Liberation Army'''(PLA) is the ground force made up of infantry and mobilized armored units of the [[People's Republic of China]]. It is the largest employer in the world, consisting of 2,250,000 active soldiers and 7,024,000 total available troops.{{fact}}

== History ==
It was founded August 1, 1927 during the [[Nanchang Uprising]]. This Army brutally suppressed unarmed, peaceful demonstrators during the [[Tiananmen Square massacre|Tiananmen Square protests of 1989] as well as loads of other massacres accross China during 1989 according to the book "[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MXVYAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+People%27s+Republic+of+Amnesia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwieobirt8PoAhWFwuYKHRIdDDwQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=The%20People's%20Republic%20of%20Amnesia&f=false The People's Republic of Amnesia]" by journalist Lousia Lin.

[[Category:Military]]
[[Category:China]]

Public Enemy

2020-03-31T00:13:27Z

William Clifton: I've created the page so feel free to add citations as you wish.

'''Public Enemy #1''' refers to a person who becomes hated by everyone in society. An example of this would be when № 6 from the 1967-68 TV series [[The Prisoner]] starts being chased by everyone in The Village. Another example but in more modern times would by [[Carrie Lam]], the chief executive of [[Hong Kong]] where her government in the SAR proposed an extradition treaty which would allow criminals be extradited to Mainland China; the bill was unilaterally hated by Hong Kongers and this escalated and turned into the currently ongoing [[Hong Kong Protests]] and now she can't even walk outside without being booed or shouted at or even potentially killed by a [[People's Liberation Army]] member pretending to be a Hong Kong protestor so that the death could be used as party propaganda.

Larry Elder

2020-03-28T22:57:44Z

William Clifton: Added that he also produces a series of YouTube videos for The Epoch Times.

'''Laurence Allen "Larry" Elder''' is an [[African American]] [[conservative]]/[[libertarian]] commentator - [[pundit]]. He is also a radio and talk show host and a syndicated columnist.
Larry also currently produces a series of [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZmkvHLQu76lYbW1w9FoGzQ YouTube] videos for [[The Epoch Times]] newspaper.

He asserts that [[racism]] in the U.S. no longer represents a serious threat to blacks' [[upward mobility]] and opposes the [[minimum wage]] on the grounds that it undermines [[job creation]] for blacks, teenagers and [[entry-level]] workers. [https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Things-Cant-America-Revised/dp/0312284659/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpt_2 (Publishers Weekly)] The first of the ''[[Ten Things You Can't Say In America]]'' is that blacks are more [[racist]] than whites.

==Quotes==
* [[Jesse Jackson]] himself says he's relieved when the late-night footsteps on the street behind him belong to white rather than black feet . . . [http://rightwingnews.com/quotes/elder10.php]
* {{white condescension}}
* [[Private schools]], contrary to popular belief, are actually cheaper than [[public schools]]. [https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Things-Cant-America-Revised/dp/0312284659/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpt_2]

==See also==
* [[Alfonso Ray]], [[Alan Keyes]], [[Reginald Kaigler]] ([[Demcad]]), [[Alex Barron]], Dr. [[Benjamin Carson]], [[Thomas Sowell]] - Conservative [[African American]] pundits (See [[:Category:Black Conservatives|Black conservative]] [[pundit]]s and [http://africanamericanconservatives.com/about/ AfricanAmericanConservatives.com])

{{DEFAULTSORT:Elder, Larry}}

[[Category:Conservative Commentators]]
[[Category:Black Conservatives]]
[[Category:Columnists]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Conservative Authors]]
[[Category:Conservative Bloggers]]

The Epoch Times

2020-03-28T22:56:15Z

William Clifton: added the ownership of NTDTV

'''''The Epoch Times''''' is a [[conservative]], [[anti-communist]] American newspaper<ref name='capitalresearch'>{{cite web |title=NBC News Fails CRC Fact Check: The Epoch Times Is No Pro-Trump Dark Money Operation |url=https://capitalresearch.org/article/nbc-news-fails-crc-fact-check-the-epoch-times-is-no-pro-trump-dark-money-operation/ |website=capitalresearch.org |accessdate=6 October 2019}}</ref> found in 2000 by Chinese immigrants who fled persecution by the Communist regime. There are editions in over 30 countries which are published in more than 20 languages.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/about-us</ref> It is known for its reporting on the [[Spygate]] scandal in which Obama administration official and [[deep state]] agents spied on the Trump campaign.

The Epoch Times is currently owned by the Epoch Times Media Group which also owns NTD, a New York-based TV channel which currently broadcasts in the US and Canada. NTD broadcasts the same things as what the Epoch Times prints as well as producing 2 crowdfunded programs called [https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDChinaUncensored China Uncensored] and [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_7vFlErTHxVD-IFNB-BFCg America Uncovered] which focuses on both Chinese and American politics respectively; both programs have segments first broadcast via YouTube then several segments are combined into 30-minute episodes which are then broadcast on NTD. NTD is currently based in [[New York City]]. The Epoch Times also produces a series of [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZmkvHLQu76lYbW1w9FoGzQ YouTube] videos hosted by [[Larry Elder]] with the slogan of "we've got a country to save!"

==Mainstream media smear campaign==
In August 2019, [[NBC]] and [[MSNBC]] began a smear campaign slandering ''The Epoch Times''. It published textbook [[fake news]] articles complete with claims from "unnamed" (i.e. non-existent) sources without providing any evidence about the organization, as well as dismissing the ''Epoch Times''<nowiki>'</nowiki> reporting of the Spygate scandal as a "conspiracy theory" without providing any factual rebuttal, take it a step further when [[Rachel Maddow]] showed footage from an unrelated YouTube show about conspiracy theories, claiming that was content produced by The Epoch Times. NBC also reiterated propaganda talking points made by the Chinese Communist party on the [[Falun Gong]] spiritual practice banned in China, while downplaying the scale of the regime's crackdown on the practice.<ref name='capitalresearch'/><ref>{{cite news |title=Why NBC, MSNBC’s Reporting on The Epoch Times Is Textbook Fake News |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=22 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |title=Epoch Times Statement in Response to NBC Facebook Stories |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/epoch-times-statement-in-response-to-nbc-facebook-stories_3053492.html |accessdate=7 October 2019 |work=www.theepochtimes.com |date=23 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregory |first1=Stephen |title=Opinion {{!}} NBC News Smears a Competitor |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/nbc-news-smears-a-competitor-11566947297?mod=rsswn |work=WSJ}}</ref>

NBC claimed that the Epoch Times spent money on "pro-Trump" Facebook ads, despite the fact that they were advertisements for the print newspaper's subscription which highlighted articles on Trump, In response to the report from NBC, Facebook banned ads for The Epoch Times, despite the fact that The New York Times, CNN and other mainstream media organizations have also aired similar Facebook ads.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.theepochtimes.com Official website]

[[Category:Conservative News Organizations]]
[[Category:Conservative Newspapers]]
[[Category:Conservative Websites]]

News Corporation

2020-03-24T20:46:46Z

William Clifton: Added much needed info to fix this out of date article

[[File:NewsCorp Logo.jpg|right|300px]]

'''News Corporation''' is the parent holding company of many of the world's most ubiquitous brand names. Controlled by media baron Sir [[Rupert Murdoch]], it is presently the largest media holding company in the world.

The following are wholly owned or controlled by News Corp:

== Film Media/Entertainment ==
These were sold to Disney in 2018 for US$71 Billion and in early 2020 was rebranded as 20th Century Studios to avoid confusion with the Fox Corporation which owns [[Fox News]].
*[[20th Century Fox]]
*20th Century Fox Espanol
*20th Century Fox Home Entertainment
*20th Century Fox International
*Twentieth Television
A leader in the U.S. program production and distribution arena, Twentieth Television provides a wide array of first-run, network and off-network programming, as well as feature film packages, to the syndication and cable marketplaces. First-run programs distributed by Twentieth Television include the court shows ''Divorce Court'', ''Judge Alex'' and ''Cristina’s Court''. In addition to ''Temptation'', the company is distributing the daytime talk show, ''The Morning Show with Mike and Juliet'', hosted by Mike Jerrick and Juliet Huddy. Twentieth Television also oversees the domestic sales of one of the most extensive libraries of off-net programming in the entertainment industry.
*Fox Searchlight Pictures
*Fox Studios Australia
*Fox Studios Baja
*Fox Studios LA
*Fox Television Studios
*Blue Sky Studios

== Television ==
*FOX Broadcasting Company
*FOX Sports Australia
*FOX Television Stations
Fox Television Stations is one of the nation's largest owned-and-operated network broadcast groups, comprising 27 stations in 18 markets and covering nearly 37.34% of television homes in the U.S. This includes six duopolies in the top 10 markets: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas, Washington, D.C. and Houston; as well as duopolies in Minneapolis, Phoenix and Orlando.
*FOXTEL
*MyNetworkTV
*STAR

== Cable ==
*Fox Cable Networks
Fox Cable Networks (FCN) includes 37 domestic programming services in which News Corporation holds interests. Together, these networks reach more than 550 million subscribing television homes and represent one of the media industry’s largest and most diverse programming groups. Fox Cable Networks span FX, National Geographic Channel, Nat Geo WILD, Fox Reality Channel, Fox Movie Channel, FUEL TV, FSN and 19 regional cable sports networks, SPEED, Fox Soccer Channel, Fox Soccer Plus, Fox College Sports, Fox Sports en Español/FOX Deportes and Big Ten Network (co-venture with the Big Ten Conference). FCN also includes Fox Sports Enterprises, which manages interests in sports franchises and leading statistical information provider STATS, LLC.
*[[Fox News Channel]]
*Fox Business Network
FOX Business Network (FBN) is a 24-hour cable financial news channel delivering real-time information across all platforms impacting both Main Street and Wall Street. Headquartered in New York City—the business capital of the world—FBN is available in more than 50 million homes in major markets across the United States with bureaus in Chicago, Los Angeles, Washington, DC and London. Anchors include Neil Cavuto, Liz Claman, David Asman and Stuart Varney, as well as primetime personalities like John Stossel.
*Fox College Sports
*Fox Sports Enterprises
*Fox Sports En Espanol
*Fox Sports Net
*Fox Soccer Channel
*Fox Reality
*Fuel TV
*FX
*National Geographic Channel - United States
Based at the National Geographic Society headquarters in Washington, D.C., the National Geographic Channel (NGC) is a joint venture between National Geographic Television & Film (NGT&F) and Fox Cable Networks (FCN). Since its launch in January 2001, NGC has earned some of the fastest distribution growth in the history of cable and, more recently, the fastest ratings growth in television. The network celebrated its fifth anniversary in January 2006 with the launch of NGC HD, which provides in stunning high definition the spectacular imagery for which National Geographic is known. NGC has carriage with all of the nation's major cable and satellite television providers, making it currently available to more than 66 million homes.
*National Geographic Channel Worldwide
*Speed
*Stats, Inc.

== Newspapers ==

=== Australasia ===
*''Daily Telegraph''
*''Fiji Times''
*''Gold Coast Bulletin''
*''Herald Sun''
*''Newsphotos''
*''Newspix''
*''Newstext''
*''NT News''
*''Post-Courier''
*''Sunday Herald Sun''
*''Sunday Mail''
*''Sunday Tasmanian''
*''Sunday Territorian''
*''Sunday Times''
*The ''Advertiser''
*The ''Australian''
*The ''Courier-Mail''
*The ''Mercury''
*The ''Sunday Mail''
*The ''Sunday Telegraph''
*''Weekly Times''

News Corporation's roots are in Australia, beginning with a single afternoon newspaper, ''The News'', and its Sunday counterpart in 1954. Newspapers remain News Limited's primary business, and the company publishes more than 100 metropolitan, regional and suburban titles, including the national daily, ''The Australian''. News Limited is also developing a range of new businesses, including online and data services (News Digital Media), pay-television (Foxtel), film and television production (Fox Studios Australia), magazine publishing (News Magazines), music and sports entertainment (National Rugby League; FoxSports Australia).

=== United Kingdom ===
*''News International''
*''[[The News Of The World|News of the World]]'' This closed on the 11th July 2011 following a phone hacking scandal.
*''The Sun''
*The ''[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]''
*The ''[[The Times|Times]]''
*''Times Literary Supplement''

News International Limited is the main U.K. subsidiary of News Corp.

Times Newspapers Ltd. publishes The ''Times'' and The ''Sunday Times'' and News Group Newspapers Ltd. publishes The ''Sun'' and now defunct ''News of the World''.

The ''Times'' is one of the world’s most famous newspapers, renowned for its ability to deliver accurate, intelligent and engaging information. The ''Sunday Times'' is the largest circulation quality Sunday newspaper in the U.K., with more than 3.5 million readers each week; The ''Sun'' is the U.K.’s most read tabloid, with more than 7 million readers; and The ''News of the World'' was the U.K.’s bestselling tabloid on a Sunday.

NI also publishes the ''Times Literary Supplement'' and the group has investments in careers website Milkround.co.uk, the property search engine Globrix.com and the fashion e-tailer BrandaAlley.co.uk.

Newsprinters Ltd. prints all national titles and operates as a contract printing subsidiary for three state-of-the-art printing plants.

=== United States ===
*''[[New York Post]]''
In the United States, the ''New York Post'' is a mass circulation metropolitan morning newspaper in tabloid format. Since the company reacquired the paper in 1993 it has enjoyed unprecedented circulation growth making it America's fastest growing newspaper. Also America's oldest continuously published daily newspaper, The ''Post'' recently celebrated the 200th anniversary of its founding by [[Alexander Hamilton]] and is home to several powerful brands: PageSix, The Best Sports in Town and nypost.com.
*''[[Wall Street Journal]]''
The ''Wall Street Journal'' is the world's leading business publication with more than two million subscribers and is the largest U.S. newspaper by total paid circulation. The ''Wall Street Journal'' franchise, with a global audience of 3.6 million, also comprises The ''Wall Street Journal Asia'', The ''Wall Street Journal Europe'' and The ''Wall Street Journal Online'' at WSJ.com, the leading provider of business and financial news and analysis on the Web with more than one million subscribers and 23 million visitors per month. WSJ.com is the flagship site of The Wall Street Journal Digital Network, which also includes MarketWatch.com, Barrons.com and AllThingsD.com. The Wall Street Journal Radio Network services news and information to more than 395 radio stations in the U.S. The Journal holds 33 Pulitzer Prizes for outstanding journalism, and, in 2010, was ranked No. 1 in BtoB's Media Power 50 for the 11th consecutive year.

== [[Direct broadcast satellite|Direct Broadcast Satellite]] Television ==
News Corp's shares in SKY was purchased by [[Comcast]] in 2016 with the remaining shares being purchased for £17.28/share following the removal from the [[London Stock Exchange]](LSE).
*[[BSkyB]] - U.K.
*Sky Italia - Italy

== Internet ==
*Hulu
Hulu is an online video service that offers a selection of hit shows, clips, movies, and more at Hulu.com and 35 destination sites online, including AOL, IMDb, MSN, MySpace and Yahoo!. Hulu's selection of premium programming is provided by nearly 190 leading content companies, including FOX, NBC Universal, ABC, Comedy Central, Lionsgate, MGM, MTV Networks, National Geographic, Paramount, PBS, Sony Pictures Television, and Warner Bros. Television Group.

Founded in March 2007, Hulu is operated independently by a dedicated management team with offices in Los Angeles, New York, Chicago and Beijing. NBC Universal, News Corp., The Walt Disney Company, Providence Equity Partners and the Hulu team share in the ownership stake of the company.

== Sources ==
[http://www.newscorp.com/management/index.html News Corporation Website]

[[Category:Companies]]
[[Category:Conservative Companies]]
[[Category:Corporations]]
[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:Conservative Media]]
[[Category:Conservative News Organizations]]
[[Category:Publishing Companies]]

Sky News

2020-03-21T22:45:13Z

William Clifton: This had to be changed because it only listed Sky News Australia and not Sky News UK + Sky News Arabia as well which is now owned by COMCAST of the USSA.

Sky News is the brand name for 3 completely seperate 24hr TV News networks plus a previously broadcasted TV channel in the Republic of [[Ireland]]. Sky News currently broadcasts in the [[United Kingdom]] as Sky News UK, in the [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]] as Sky News Arabia and in [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]] as Sky News Australia. Currently Sky News UK is owned wholly by the Sky Group (formerly BSKYB [British Sky Broadcasting]) whereas in Arabia it is owned 50% by [[Comcast]] through its Sky Group subsidiary and 50% owned by the Abu Dhabi Media Investment Corporation whereas unlike Sky News Australia which is owned Wholly by the Australian [[News Corp]] subsidiary which is owned by [[Rupert Murdoch]].

== Sky News UK ==
Sky News UK was launched in 1989 by Rupert Murdoch with the name sharing that of BSKYB of which he had a major stake in. Rupert Murdoch continued to own a stake in what is now the Sky Group until he got into a bidding war with Comcast in which Comcast outright purchased the company removing its listing from all stock exchanges and [[Fox News Channel | Fox]] selling all of its shares in the company to Comcast for GBP£12 Billion. Sky News currently has what is seen as a centre-left wing political view with them showing support for the idea of man made [[climate change]] theory as well as showing support for the [[eco-terrorist]] [[Greta Thunberg]].

Sky News UK is currently broadcast globally with the exceptions being countries who don't allow the broadcast of foreign media such as [[Singapore]] or [[China]] but can be streamed through their [https://www.youtube.com/user/skynews YouTube] page or their [https://news.sky.com/# Website].

== Sky News Arabia ==
Sky News Arabia was launched in 2012 and claims to have independant reporting<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/may/06/bskyb-launches-sky-news-arabia</ref> but due to being operated from the Middle East, this cannot be true due to very strict [[censorship]] laws in the region where governments will yank a TV presenter off the air as soon as something is said that is against the state.

Sky News Arabia can currently be watched from the Middle East, parts of Northern Africa, the UK, US, [[Canada]] and many more countries as well as online through their [https://www.youtube.com/skynewsarabia YouTube] page or their [https://www.skynewsarabia.com/ Website].

== Sky News Australia ==
Sky News Austrlia was launched in 1996 by Australian News Channel Pty Ltd. which was owned until 2016 by Seven Media Group, Nine Entertainment Co. and BSKYB; In 2016 News Corp Australia outright purchased the company from the previous owners who each had a 33% shareholding in the company.

Sky News Australia currently has what is seen as a centre-right wing political view with the network being called the [[Fox News]] of Australia. Most, if not all of the Hosts on Sky News Australia have a negative view on Climate Change and have frequently called Greta Thunberg an Eco-Terrorist and claim that she is being abused by her parents. Some people (mostly in YouTube comments) claim that Sky News Australia provide more accurate reporting on UK news than the UK media itself.

Sky News Austrlia can be listened to on their [https://www.skynews.com.au/page/5b0607541de1c4000d2ef76e?clip=5aebfb0123eec6000d64d4e1 website] or you can watch clips from their shows on their [https://www.youtube.com/user/SkyNewsAustralia YouTube channel].

Fake news

2020-03-21T21:47:10Z

William Clifton: /* Reputable/verifiable sources */ fixed a link

[[File:Nyt-coronavirus-wuhan-0206202.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Fake news in American media: Chinese Communists claim that reporting the Wuhan Coronavirus is "racist".<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/03/16/the-atlantic-must-stop-covering-for-the-chinese-communist-party/</ref>]]
'''"Fake news"''' refers to liberal bias in the media that is so misleading that it is actually false. It can also include assertions of a non-political nature that seem believable but are untrue. It often incorporates the use of questionable or unnamed (and most often, non-existent) "anonymous sources" that present one or more of the following characteristics: extreme bias, consistent promotion of propaganda/conspiracies, poor or no sourcing to credible information, or a complete lack of transparency.<ref name="mediabiasfactcheck.com">Questionable Sources, https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/fake-news/</ref>

[[Hollywood]] fake news is in the form of "docudramas" that mix factual content with falsehoods such that viewers are misled into thinking that the falsehoods are true, as in the upcoming [[Mrs. America]] miniseries. [[mainstream media|Mainstream]] fake news has [[liberal bias]] that goes beyond reporting of facts and commentary; it can take the form of headlining a manufactured crisis to obscure real news in the daily news cycle. [[Clickbait]], a sensational headline with a body of reporting based on half-truths designed to lure a reader into a commercial website, is another form of fake news.

The motive of fake news is to manipulate public opinion using false reporting and [[bias]] for the purpose of profit or influence.<ref name="mediabiasfactcheck.com"/> It can be sourced by anonymous government [[leak]]ers or political operatives, or entirely fictional. The motive can be as simple as [[confirmation bias]] – pandering to an ideological viewership to distribute talking points or maintain ratings.

Examples of major mainstream fake news stories in the recent past are:
*The leftwing Chinese Communist Party claim that the Chinese coronavirus originated in the [[United States]] and reporting the Wuhan coronavirus is "[[racist]]".
*The "hoax" hoax: Both ''Politico'' and MSNBC claimed that President Trump called the [[coronavirus]] a hoax.
*That President Trump's [[national security]] and public health travel bans are "racist".
*In ten debate appearances, [[Elizabeth Warren]] was never asked once about her false claims of [[Native American]] heritage.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/06/warren-went-all-10-debates-without-one-question-about-her-native-american-claims-894450</ref>
*[[Pete Buttigieg]] won the 2020 [[Iowa Caucus]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFAQyZq0NqfCwVkRQoXpx0A/videos</ref>
*Bernie Sanders said "a woman can never be president." CNN manufactured that hit on Sanders then used it as a debate question a few days later.
*There is no "second whistleblower" for the same reason there was no first: (a) The President is not a member of the [[intelligence community]], (b) is not subject to oversight by the intelligence community inspector general, (c) his actions do not concern “the funding, administration, or operation of an intelligence activity", (d) and do not arise in connection with any such intelligence activity at all."<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m70C6N1Y8Ko</ref>
*As the [[impeachment inquiry]] was ginned up, both the ''Washington Post'' and [[Lawfare]]blog's [[Ukrainian collusion]] timelines claim that [[Hunter Biden]] joined [[Burisma]] in May 2014, whereas Burisima's own website and ''Deutsche Welle''<ref>https://archive.is/LqxDr/</ref><ref>http://www.dw.com/en/who-are-hunter-bidens-ukrainian-bosses/a-17642254</ref><ref>https://archive.is/Aza4U</ref><ref>https://archive.is/IDha1</ref> reported that Hunter Biden's hiring was just four days prior to Vice President Biden's pledging $50 million in U.S. taxpayer provided funds to Ukraine.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/joe-biden-obama-officials-influenced-ukraine-to-advance-own-interests_2896259.html</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/23/world/europe/biden-ukraine.html</ref> Democrats issued [[phoney subpoena]]s to build an impeachment case.
*By precedent, Congress must have a floor vote to authorize an [[impeachment inquiry]]. [[Speaker Nancy Pelosi]] announced an "impeachment inquiry" with no floor vote; and media reported it as a duly authorized inquiry.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2019/09/24/speaker-pelosi-bamboozles-base-by-announcing-enhanced-continuation-of-status-quo/</ref> The unprecedented change in House Rules results in excluding Republicans from cross examining witnesses in drafting [[Articles of Impeachment]].
*The hostile opinionated misrepresentation and speculation of President Trump's intentions for celebrating the July 4th, 2019 holiday with a military parade and fireworks display in Washington DC as an occasion for self-aggrandizement, before the events occurred.<ref>Jonathan Bernstein | Bloomberg, How Is Trump’s Parade Offensive? Let Me Count the Ways, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-07-03/trump-military-parade-betrays-american-values-on-fourth-of-july, July 3, 2019</ref> Mr. Trump planned and delivered festivities as a "Salute to America" to honor the U.S. military, prominent Americans and American accomplishments of the past 243 years.<ref>Ryan W Miller | ''USA Today'', Tanks, military vehicles take over DC's streets before Trump's 4th of July celebration, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/07/03/4th-july-donald-trump-military-parade-tanks-seen-washington-dc/1637384001/, July 3, 2019</ref>
*the [[liberal media]] widely reported that actor [[Jussie Smollett]] was a victim of a [[hate crime]] when it subsequently appeared to have been a hoax;
*that a high school student wearing a pro-[[Trump]] Make America Great Again hat at the [[March for Life]] somehow "acted improperly" when he stood smiling while a professional protestor persistently beat a drum in his face;<ref>http://wbsm.com/media-sells-soul-for-nathan-phillips-opinion/</ref>
*calling the "Washington's Birthday" holiday the made-up name "Presidents' Day," which it never was under federal law;
*the deliberate manipulation of [[President Trump]]'s live [[Oval Office]] broadcast by a local [[Fox Network|Fox]] affiliate editor/technician;<ref>https://youtu.be/UZLs11uSg-A</ref>
*the uncorroborated, obscene sexual allegation published by ''[[The New Yorker]]'' as part of the [[Kavanaugh smear]];
*the panic reporting for several days prior to the [[2018 Midterm elections]] that a dozen fake bombs mailed to prominent [[Democrat]]s were real;<ref>Officials had determined within two hours, and the ''[[Associated Press]]'' reported that the alleged bombs were fake, however days later most prominent mainstream sources continued to allege the packages contained real bombs.</ref>
*the ''[[New York Times]]'' story that the investigation of President Trump began after [[James Comey]] was fired and not in the Spring of 2016.
*On the day documents were released verifying that the late Sen. [[John McCain]] was a major player in the [[coup]] plot against President Trump,<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/deposition-reveals-late-senator-mccains-role-in-spygate-scandal_2840198.html?ref=brief_News</ref> the MSM reported Trump's reaction as if it were some petty vendetta related to McCain's POW status or McCain's vote to save [[Obamacare]].
*Fake news media adopted the talking points of the [[totalitarian]] [[Chinese Communist Party]] against the [[Hong Kong]] [[democracy]] movement.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html</ref>

Political fake news is designed to push an agenda, typically the [[liberal]] one. Non-political clickbait is designed to attract internet traffic, attention, or sales. Clickbait websites often lack known publishers hindering lawsuits against them for [[libel]] or [[slander]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/05/opinions/suing-fake-news-not-so-fast-callan/index.html|title=Sue over fake news? Not so fast|last=Callan|first=Paul|website=CNN|accessdate=April 6, 2017}}</ref> In many cases, clickbait websites resolve to [[IP address]]es located outside the United States.
[[File:Wapo-bernie-is-russian-asset.jpg|right|350px|thumb|[[Russia 3.0|Russiagate 3.0]] was formally announced by the [[media-intelligence complex]] on February 21, 2020.]]
==2020 Presidential election==
[[File:CNN fake news.PNG|right|300px|thumb|CNN claimed Amb. Sondland implicated President Trump in a bribery scheme and ''quid pro quo'' when President Trump in fact did not.]]
:{{See also|2020 Presidential election|Fake news in the 2020 presidential election|Russia 3.0}}
*After the failure of the Mueller Report, ''The New York Times'' founded [[The 1619 Project]] in August 2019 to serve the Democratic party's objective of painting Donald Trump as a racist as a key issue for the 2020 presidential election. The 1619 Project claims that the United States was founded in the year 1619 A.D. on the basis of racism.
*NBC News falsely reported that the Trump campaign attacked [[The Squad]] saying "This is our country, not theirs".<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzHWjcNapnQ</ref>
*ABC News had to walk back claims it made abut President Trump in the [[Biden-Ukraine collusion scandal]].<ref>https://freebeacon.com/politics/abcs-bombshell-ukraine-story-falls-apart/</ref>
*[[CBS News]] reporter Caitlan Hurley-Burns and other "independent" [[mainstream media]] [[journalist]]s accompanied Sen. [[Kamala Harris]] to a boutique and helped her pick out a rainbow jacket.<ref>https://twitter.com/brithume/status/1096821175701983233</ref> CNN was again caught flipping poll results for Elizabeth Warren and [[Bernie Sanders]] in the early primary state of [[New Hampshire]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny9NLAsp8yo&feature=youtu.be</ref>
*''[[The LA Times]]'' reported that [[Pete Buttigieg]] blamed Barack Obama for the election of Donald Trump.
{{cquote|My message is not about going back to where we were,” he said.

For a lot of people, “‘normal’ has been a real problem for a very long time, and I think the failures of the Obama era help explain how we got Trump.<ref>https://archive.is/5vXG0</ref>}}
[[File:Steponallofus.png|right|300px|thumb|ABC News Anchor [[George Stephanopoulos]] caught on air signaling to cut off Trump attorney Jay Sekulow during an impeachment sham trial break.<ref>https://thepoliticalinsider.com/abc-news-george-stephanopoulos-makes-throat-slitting-gesture-on-camera-to-cut-away-from-trump-lawyer/</ref>]]
:The news set [[Twitter]] afire. Within hours the ''LA Times'' censored the itself and altered the quote.
*MSNBC aided Mayor [[Pete Buttigieg]] based on his [[white privilege]] when the [[racist]] reporting at MSNBC consistently snubbed [[Andrew Yang]], an Asian American, to help Buttigieg surge in early 2020 presidential primary polling of [[Iowa]].<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2019/11/18/msnbc-excludes-andrew-yang-from-media-coverage-despite-polling-above-other-candidates/</ref><ref>https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/464349-yang-hits-back-after-appearing-to-be-left-out-of-cnn-msnbc-fundraising</ref> During the pre-primary debates, MSNBC cut off Yang's microphone.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/06/28/andrew-yang-msnbc-cut-off-my-mic-during-debate-let-other-dems-interject/</ref>
*In ten debate appearances, [[Elizabeth Warren]] was never asked once about her false claims of [[Native American]] heritage.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/06/warren-went-all-10-debates-without-one-question-about-her-native-american-claims-894450</ref>

===Impeachment sham===
:{{Main article|Impeachment sham}}

===Iowa caucus===
''[[Bloomberg News]]'', owned by then-Democrat presidential candidate [[Michael Bloomberg]], tried blaming Trump supporters for the [[Iowa caucus]] fiasco<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zKEipLNGFA</ref> after Democrat insiders stole election results from [[Bernie Sanders]] and attempted to hand a victory to [[Pete Buttigieg]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYQmD39tx3A</ref> Rep. [[Sheila Jackson Lee]] blamed Russia.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/02/06/democrat-congresswoman-blames-iowa-caucus-disaster-on-russia/</ref> The [[Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS), working in coordination with state elections officers, have an existing relationship to ensure computer systems and data collection systems are safe and secure. The DHS reported their offer to review the data system was rebuked by the Iowa Democrat Party.<ref>https://youtu.be/v5hfbALvhMo</ref>

===The 'hoax' hoax===
President Trump referred to Democrats' efforts to politicize the [[coronavirus]] outbreak as their new hoax;<ref>https://www.nysun.com/national/a-sickening-press-tries-to-blame-trump/91035/</ref> liberal media and Democrats immediately and deliberately twisted President Trump's words out of context to fit their narrative by claiming that he called the coronavirus a "hoax".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I08ZZzP53Wg Gutfeld on the media "hoax" hoax] at Fox News YouTube channel</ref>

Politico and MSNBC willingly peddled the Trump "hoax" story,<ref>https://checkyourfact.com/2020/02/29/fact-check-donald-trump-coronavirus-hoax-south-carolina-rally/</ref> as did [[Joe Biden]], [[Michael Bloomberg]], [[Pete Buttigieg]], Rep [[Ted Lieu]], Senate minority leader [[Chuck Schumer]] and former Democrat Virginia governor [[Terry McAuliffe]].<ref>[https://dailycaller.com/2020/03/05/donald-trump-coronavirus-hoax-media-politicians/ Here Are The Politicians And Media Outlets Pushing The Claim That Trump Called The Coronavirus A ‘Hoax’] at the Daily Caller</ref>

As the outbreak progressed in the United States, the anti-Trump mainstream media were more concerned with instilling panic and blaming President Trump than informing the public on critical precautionary measures to avoid unnecessary strains on the healthcare and economic system.

===Chinese propaganda===
The first case of [[COVID-19]] was medically verified in China on December 8, 2019 and first death occurred on December 9. The doctor who reported on the first verified cases posted on [[social media]] was forced to plead guilty to "rumormongering" and disrupting social order in late December 2019. The Beijing central government attempted to hide the outbreak from the people of Wuhan and the world. The [[Chinese Communist Party]] finally admitted publicly that a full blown [[pandemic]] was occurring in Wuhan on January 23, 2020, and the doctor who first warned the public and was convicted of a crime for doing so died on February 4, 2020. Eight hundred million people expressed their condolences on Chinese social media in 24 hours after his death was announced.

To save face for the Communist regime's deliberately incompetent handling of the COVID-19 outbreak in their country, the Chinese foreign ministry falsely accused the [[United States]] of being responsible for the corona virus outbreak.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fg7FwHteB0I</ref> On March 12, 2020 the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman initiated a [[conspiracy theory]] that the US military started the coronavirus in China,<ref> https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1238150527751319575</ref><ref>https://news.trust.org/item/20200312152307-rlv7m</ref> Leftist media in the United States aided Chinese propaganda efforts by calling those who link the virus' origin to China were it originated as "[[racist]]s".<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/13/dems-media-warned-new-narrative-aids-chinas-new-conspiracy-us-military-started-covid-19-896694</ref><ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/15/nbc-news-ny-times-running-chinese-propaganda-criticizing-us-erick-erickson-points-out-897729</ref>

==2016 Presidential election==
:{{main|Mainstream media and Donald Trump}}
In the synergy between the U.S. intelligence apparatus and their media agents, the CIA, DOJ and State Department have specific outlets assigned to public relations.

A long-tracked pattern reflects the DOJ and FBI leak their PR needs to the ''New York Times''. The preferred outlet for the U.S. State Department is CNN; and the ''Washington Pos''t generally comes out first with leaks in defense of the CIA agenda. This pattern has been remarkably consistent for years.

===Trump-Russia collusion hoax===
[[File:Mifsud with Boris Johnson.jpeg|right|350px|thumb|'''FBI / CIA spy [[Joseph Mifsud]] (left) with [[UK]] prime minister [[Boris Johnson]] (center)''' two weeks after [[George Papadopoulos]]' plea agreement in the [[Mueller investigation]].<ref>https://www.politico.eu/article/boris-johnson-pictured-with-london-professor-from-fbi-russia-probe/amp/</ref> The entire Trump-Russia conspiracy hoax was hatched by [[Obama administration|Obama]] CIA director [[John Brennan]] on the false allegation that Mifsud was a Russian agent. Mifsud had been working for Brennan and [[Jimmy the Weasel]] Comey all along.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUZ8XI_ncas Why the Mifsud Story Matters], DECLASSIFIED with Gina Shakespeare,- ''The Epoch Times'', Aug 5, 2019.</ref>]]
It has been confirmed that many fake news sites were actually created and managed by liberal Democrats ("false flag" operations) who support [[Hillary Clinton]] and oppose [[Donald Trump]] who engage in their [[Deceit|deception]] in an attempt to discredit conservatives and Trump.<ref name="NPR"/><ref>Dewey, Caitlin (November 17, 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2016/11/17/facebook-fake-news-writer-i-think-donald-trump-is-in-the-white-house-because-of-me/?utm_term=.b3656316a9a1 Facebook fake-news writer: ‘I think Donald Trump is in the White House because of me’]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> One of them, Jestin Coler, a Democrat and Clinton supporter who owns the company Disinfomedia, runs several fake news sites that create "conservative" fake news stories.<ref name="NPR">Sydell, Laura (November 23, 2016). "[https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/23/503146770/npr-finds-the-head-of-a-covert-fake-news-operation-in-the-suburbs We Tracked Down A Fake-News Creator In The Suburbs. Here's What We Learned]." ''NPR''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref>

A topic of fake news stories after the 2016 election was whether there was violence between Trump supporters and opponents. After the 2016 election, several violent and disturbing anti-Trump attacks occurred throughout the nation against Trump supporters or supposed Trump supporters. Despite these attacks, liberals and leftists only focused on alleged "attacks" by Trump supporters against minorities and others (the leftist narrative, although being blatantly false and one-sided, fits their manufactured narrative that Trump supporters are "racist" and "evil" and that leftists are "tolerant" and "forgiving"). Fox News found that despite the number of real anti-Trump attacks which went largely unreported, several of the "pro-Trump" attacks were hoaxes.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/05/facebook-live-attack-latest-in-string-anti-trump-assaults.html Facebook Live attack the latest in string of anti-Trump assaults]. ''Fox News''. January 5, 2017. Retrieved January 8, 2017.</ref>

One widely shared fake story, spread by the mainstream media, that Trump's election had led to a rise in anti-Semitism by white supremcists—it turned out that bomb threats at a synagogue were actually carried out by "an African-American left-wing journalist" and a "Jewish teenager in Israel, with dual citizenship in the U.S."<ref>Pollak, Joel (March 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/29/fake-news-donald-trump-antisemitism-vindicated/ Donald Trump Vindicated: Antisemitism Surge ‘Fake News’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 29, 2017.</ref>

Following the 2016 election in which Trump won, [[liberals]], the [[mainstream media]], and [[social media]] had misapplied the term "fake news" to make the false accusation that [[Alternative Media|alternative news]] and Russian sources are "deliberately lying" to their readers, listeners, and viewers, and that these "lies" helped elect [[Donald Trump]] [[President of the United States]]. The liberal-pushed "fake news" accusations are a form of [[conspiracy theory]]. However, the [[mainstream media]] itself publishes and promotes fake news stories,<ref>Heinlein, Peter (May 30, 2017). [https://www.voanews.com/a/donald-trump-frustrated-fake-news-overlooks-accomplishments/3878266.html Trump Frustrated by 'Fake News' That Overlooks His Accomplishments]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved June 26, 2017.</ref> from appearing in its nightly network newscasts, on its cable news channels, in its newspapers and on its websites (including Facebook). The MSM has allegedly been adopting safeguards to prevent itself from reporting fake news stories,<ref name="Tech Crunch"/><ref name="Barron"/> but it has been unsuccessful based on more recent examples.

====Russia hacked the DNC====
The Mueller probe provided no evidence that Russia hacked the DNC. In fact, Special Counsel Robert Mueller was threatened with contempt of court by federal Dc district court Dabney Friedrich for making public statements that the government of Russia was involved in so-called "Russian meddling" in the 2016 elections.

No evidence has ever been presented the Russians, Russian entities, or the Russian government ever hacked, or attempted to hack, the servers of the [[Democratic National Committee]]. Russians did, however, make failed efforts to hack into the voter rolls of state election boards, notably those maintained by [[Georgia]] Secretary of State [[Brian Kemp]]. The Obama White House, however, at the direction of [[Susan Rice]] and others, conflated the issue of Russian attempted hacking of state election boards with the release of DNC emails by [[WikiLeaks]].

Disgraced FBI director [[James Comey]] testified to Congress that the [[FBI]] never examined DNC servers to determine if they had indeed been hacked, and by who. Evidence suggests the public disclosure of [[John Podesta]], [[Debbie Wasserman Schultz]], and other Democratic operatives' emails came from an inside [[whistleblower]] source. Some speculate the inside [[leak]]er was [[Seth Rich]], whose murder, like the DNC breach itself, was never fully investigated. The fake news narrative of "Russia hacked the DNC," was coined by [[CrowdStrike|a private security firm hired by the DNC]] after the security breach was discovered.

The only known evidence that exists points to an inside leaker, who downloaded the DNC emails on a flash drive and likely forwarded them to WikiLeaks.

====Russia and James Comey====
[[File:DgKWrfIVMAANg8k.jpeg|right|300px|thumb]]
Former FBI Director [[James Comey]], during his testimony to Congress, debunked two fake news stories on ''The New York Times''<ref>Scarborough, Rowan (June 8, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/8/james-comey-debunks-new-york-times-story-fueled-un/ James Comey debunks New York Times story that fueled unproven Trump-Russia collusion]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> and CNN,<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (June 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/07/james-comey-testimony-proves-trump-right-cnn-wrong/ James Comey Testimony Proves Trump Right, CNN Wrong]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> respectively.

After several inaccuracies and flaws were found in a [[CNN]] article that attacked Trump and his allies over a Russia fund, CNN retracted the article.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/23/very-fake-news-after-breitbart-investigation-cnn-retracts-conspiracy-theory-hit-piece-attacking-trump-associates-over-russian-fund/ Very Fake News: After Breitbart Investigation, CNN Retracts Conspiracy Theory Hit Piece Attacking Trump, Associates Over Russian Fund]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref><ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 24, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/24/cnn-under-fire-very-fake-news-network-hit-from-all-sides-as-breitbart-investigation-forces-rare-retraction/ CNN Under Fire: ‘Very Fake News’ Network Hit from All Sides as Breitbart Investigation Forces Rare Retraction]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.</ref> Three CNN employees resigned due to the resulting scandal.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/26/three-employees-resign-from-cnn-amid-very-fake-news-scandal/ Three Employees Resign from CNN Amid Very Fake News Scandal]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</ref><ref>Adams, Becket (June 26, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/three-cnn-staffers-quit-over-retracted-story/article/2627155 Three CNN staffers quit over retracted story]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</ref>

ABC News ran a banner headline claiming [[Paul Manafort]] pled guilty to five counts of [[manslaughter]].

''The Washington Post'' falsely reported in August 2018 that the Trump Administration was denying passports to Hispanic Americans along the border with Mexico,<ref>Multiple references:
*Munro, Neil (August 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/08/30/state-dept-slams-wapo-claim-texas-latinos-are-being-denied-passports/ State Dept. Slams WaPo Claim Texas Latinos Are Being Denied Passports]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Munro, Neil (September 17, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/17/huffpo-whacks-washpo-for-claiming-trump-blocks-latino-passports/ Washington Post Busted for Fake News of Trump Admin ‘Denying Passports’ to Latinos]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (September 17, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/the-washington-posts-scoop-on-trump-revoking-visas-at-the-border-it-was-a-pile-of-garbage The Washington Post's 'scoop' on Trump revoking visas at the border — it was a pile of garbage]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref><ref name="NYTWaPoFake">Stoltzfoos, Rachel (September 18, 2018). [https://thefederalist.com/2018/09/18/legacy-outlets-add-two-botched-hit-pieces-pile-stinky-reporting-trump/ Legacy Outlets Add Two More Botched Hit Pieces To A Pile Of Stinky Reporting On Trump]. ''The Federalist''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref> and ''The New York Times'' falsely reported in September 2018 that UN Ambassador [[Nikki Haley]] spent $53,000 on curtains when they actually were approved during the Obama Administration.<ref name="NYTWaPoFake"/><ref>Multiple references:
*Flood, Brian (September 14, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/09/14/new-york-times-admits-creating-unfair-impression-about-nikki-haleys-53g-curtains-that-were-okd-by-obama-administration.html New York Times admits creating 'unfair impression' about Nikki Haley's $53G curtains that were OK'd by Obama administration]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Nolte, John (September 14, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/09/14/new-york-times-spreads-fake-news-about-nikki-haleys-52701-curtains/ New York Times Spreads Fake News About Nikki Haley’s $52,701 Curtains]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref>

====Transition and Presidency====
::{{See also|Trump Transition}}
At his first press conference as president-elect, [[Donald Trump]] described [[CNN]] as "fake news." Since becoming president, Trump has accused major news organizations with "fake news" and "very fake news." On February 17, 2017, Trump tweeted:<ref>Greenwood, Mark (February 17, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/320168-trump-the-media-is-the-enemy-of-the-american-people Trump tweets: The media is the 'enemy of the American people']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved February 27, 2017.</ref>
{{cquote|The FAKE NEWS media (failing @nytimes, @NBCNews, @ABC, @CBS, @CNN) is not my enemy, it is the enemy of the American People!}}
On November 27, 2017, President Trump tweeted:<ref>Spiering, Charlie (November 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/27/trump-proposes-fake-news-trophy-tv-networks-cnn/ Donald Trump Proposes ‘Fake News Trophy’ for TV Networks and CNN]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Fabian, Jordan (November 27, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/361932-trump-media-should-compete-for-fake-news-trophy Trump: Media should compete for 'FAKE NEWS TROPHY']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 28, 2017.</ref>
{{cquote|We should have a contest as to which of the Networks, plus CNN and not including Fox, is the most dishonest, corrupt and/or distorted in its political coverage of your favorite President (me). They are all bad. Winner to receive the FAKE NEWS TROPHY!}}
''The Washington Post'' reported in June 2017 of a meeting held between President Trump and [[Federal Communications Commission]] Chairman [[Ajit Pai]] that never occurred.<ref>Moran, Sean (June 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/23/fake-news-washington-post-invents-meeting-between-fcc-chair-ajit-pai-and-president-trump/ Fake News: Washington Post Invents Meeting Between FCC Chair Ajit Pai and President Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref>

Also in June 2017, ''The New York Times'' falsely stated that 17 U.S. intelligence agencies agreed with an assessment that Russia made hacks into the 2016 presidential election – the actual number was four, with one dissenting from the report's conclusions.<ref>Mason, Ian (June 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/30/nyt-turns-out-17-intelligence-agencies-was-fake-news/ New York Times: Turns Out ‘17 Intelligence Agencies’ Was Fake News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref> The Associated Press reported, and retracted, the same falsehood.<ref>Klein, Aaron (July 1, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/07/01/fake-news-associated-press-clarifies-17-intel-agencies-did-not-assess-alleged-russia-interference/ Fake News: Associated Press Clarifies 17 U.S. Intel Agencies Did Not Assess Russia ‘Interference’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref> Obama Administration [[Director of National Intelligence]] confirmed that "the report itself makes it clear that it was the three agencies plus the Office of the Director of National Intelligence that put this intelligence community assessment together."<ref>Poor, Jeff (July 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2017/07/07/fmr-obama-dni-clapper-3-4-intelligence-agencies-agreed-russian-interference-wasnt-17/ Fmr Obama DNI Clapper: Only 3 or 4 Intelligence Agencies Agreed on Russian Interference — ‘It Wasn’t 17’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 7, 2017.</ref>

In May 2018, left-wing activists and some members of the mainstream media, such as New York Times Magazine editor-in-chief Jake Silverstein and NPR, shared pictures of detained illegal immigrant children sleeping in cages and blamed the Trump Administration for it despite those pictures having been taken during the Obama Administration.<ref>Multiple references:
*Flood, Brian (May 29, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/05/29/embarrassment-for-new-york-times-as-top-editor-falls-for-old-photo-amid-weekend-misleading-anti-trump-tweets.html Embarrassment for New York Times as top editor falls for old photo amid weekend of misleading anti-Trump tweets]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
*Starr, Penny (May 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/05/30/aclu-npr-use-2014-claims-to-trash-trump-policy/ ACLU, NPR Use 2014 Immigration Claims to Trash Trump Policy]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
*Mikelionis, Lukas (May 28, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/05/28/former-obama-official-liberal-activists-share-2014-photos-from-detention-facility-as-swipe-at-trump.html Former Obama official, liberal activists share 2014 photos from detention facility as swipe at Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
*Spiering, Charlie (May 29, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/05/29/donald-trump-rips-democrats-for-tweeting-border-pictures-from-2014/ Donald Trump Rips Democrats for Tweeting Border Pictures from 2014]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.</ref> An Associated Press report discussing alleged abuse at an illegal immigrant detention center left out the fact that Obama was president when the abuse happened.<ref>Scarry, Eddie (June 21, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/ap-report-on-alleged-illegal-immigrant-abuse-at-detention-centers-omits-obama-was-president-at-time AP report on alleged illegal immigrant abuse at detention centers omits Obama was president at time]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 21, 2018.</ref> Other media sources have published fake news about President Trump's immigration policies.<ref>Binder, John (June 1, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/06/01/establishment-media-issues-four-corrections-after-falsely-claiming-trump-separating-families-at-border/ Establishment Media Issues Four Corrections After Falsely Claiming Trump Separating Families at Border]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 2, 2018.</ref><ref>Nolte, John (July 9, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/07/09/associated-press-becomes-fake-news-factory-with-immigration-lies/ Associated Press Becomes Fake News Factory with Immigration Lies]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 9, 2018.</ref>

When President Trump criticized liberal environmental idiocy and forest management for failure to clean up fallen dead wood which provided the fuel for deadly California wildfires,<ref>https://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/editorials/article216320500.html</ref> mainstream fake news organizations reported it as if the President was criticizing firefighters.<ref>https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/11/11/politics/california-wildfires-trump-tweets/index.html</ref> CNN reported the bald face lies that the President had "attacked firefighters" and was "threatening to withhold aid to the victims."

In June 2019, while attending the G-20 summit in OSAKA, Japan, President Trump and [[Vladimir Putin]] briefly discussed Fake News. President Trump offered disdain for the assembled media, during a meeting between the two nation leaders. This occurred shortly after Putin had celebrated the rise of the populist right in Europe and the United States and that, in his opinion, traditional "Western-style" liberalism had "become obsolete.” Trump stated, “Fake news is a great term, isn’t it? You don’t have this problem in Russia, but we do.” However Putin insisted in English, "We also have, It’s the same." When Mr. Trump was then asked by a news ''reporter'' if he would tell Russia not to meddle in American elections, Trump responded, “Yes, of course I will.” Mr. Trump then turned to Mr. Putin and said, "Don’t meddle in the election, President." Mr. Trump then pointed at another Russian official and repeated, “Don’t meddle in the election.” <ref>Peter Baker and Michael Crowley | ''New York Times'', Trump and Putin Share Joke About Election Meddling, Sparking New Furor, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/28/us/politics/trump-putin-election.html, June 28, 2019</ref> The follow up media coverage of the light-hearted warning Mr. Trump made to Mr. Putin resulted in claiming Trump is a national security risk and that he had "triggered a fresh furor over his accommodating approach to Russia."

In July 2019, Speaker [[Nancy Pelosi]] violated House Rules in a failed attempt to pass a House Resolution condemning President Trump for alleged "racist" tweets. Mainstream fake news sources used the events to categorically refer to President Trump's "racist attacks."

===Crisis on the border===
In January 2019 President Trump made a nationally televised address from the Oval Office to request funding from the Democratically controlled House for the growing humanitarian crisis on the Southern border.<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/president-trump/trump-makes-humanitarian-case-for-wall-calling-border-situation-%E2%80%98a-crisis-of-the-soul%E2%80%99/ar-BBRZJlh</ref> Democrats and the [[mainstream media]] called it a "manufactured crisis,"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8K8dwSt1hog&feature=youtu.be</ref> denying such a crisis existed.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2019/07/03/x-times-the-media-said-there-was-no-crisis-at-the-southern-border/</ref> After a photo of the bodies of a father and his 23 month old daughter who drowned in the [[Rio Grande]] river trying to enter the United States illegally was widely published,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PxNj4_mEVg</ref> some Democrats, most notably [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]], falsely charged the U.S. with maintaining "[[concentration camp]]s" on the Southern border since the Obama era,<ref>https://www.ushmm.org/information/press/press-releases/statement-regarding-the-museums-position-on-holocaust-analogies</ref><ref>Walter Shaub was the Obama era director of the United States Office of Government Ethics, now Senior Director of the election law organization Campaign Legal Center. https://archive.fo/tMEu5</ref> forcing migrants to drink toilet water,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q48Ch_6kU5A</ref><ref>https://www.businessinsider.in/photo-shows-hybrid-of-toilet-and-drinking-fountain-in-migrant-detention-centers-where-women-allegedly-had-to-drink-from-the-bowl/articleshow/70041097.cms</ref> and then voted ''against'' bills to provide funding for humanitarian relief.<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2019/06/28/ocasio-cortez-senate-mcconnell-house-border-bill-tapper/</ref>

==Other examples of fake news==
While many examples of fake news appeared during Donald Trump's presidency, the problem existed long before his election.<ref>Miller, S.A. (December 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/dec/30/donald-trumps-fake-news-call-often-real/ 'Fake news' a real problem long before Trump era, media watchdogs say]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2018.</ref>

One of the more infamous examples of fake news was when former CBS News anchor [[Dan Rather]] used forgeries of the Killian Documents on George W. Bush's service record in order to sway the 2004 election, which resulted in his firing after being exposed. See [[Rathergate]] for more details.

[[File:Rice Benghazi.jpg|right|350px|thumb|Obama National Security Advisor Susan Rice putting out the fake news narrative that a planned terrorist attack and massacre of Americans was only a spontaneous riot spawned out of a peaceful demonstration.]]
Obama National Security Advisor [[Susan Rice]] appeared on the five major network Sunday talk shows to put out an official fake news narrative that a [[terrorist]] attack against Americans two months before a presidential election was only a peaceful demonstration that turned into a riot. Despite evidence the contrary, many mainstream news organizations adopted the fake news narrative as fact for its viewers and readers and branded skeptics as conspiracy theorists and racists who opposed a black president.

The most common example of fake news is the "click bait" ads that appear on social media sites saying "Hollywood prepares to say good-bye to [name of celebrity]" implying that the celebrity has just died. People then click on the ad to visit a website to learn about the celebrity's death, which boosts the number of page views on that site. However, the fake news will trend if more people start re-tweeting or sharing the item without visiting the underlying website in the belief that the celebrity has just died.

Fake news is frequently used by radical Islamic terrorists to recruit new adherents. The terrorists will either create or embellish fake news accounts of anti-Islamic acts to radicalize members in target populations. For example, terrorists would spread news accounts of people urinating on the Koran at U.S. military prisons. Another fake news item was that a U.S. company was hiring mercenaries to kill ISIS militants.<ref name=snopes/> Again, the emotional impact of the fake news assured that it would spread quickly through social media.

According to FBI cyber experts, during the 2016 presidential election, Russians used armies of Twitter bots to spread fake news using accounts that seem to be Midwestern swing-voter Republicans.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/04/03/522503844/how-russian-twitter-bots-pumped-out-fake-news-during-the-2016-election|title=How Russian Twitter Bots Pumped Out Fake News During The 2016 Election|date=April 3, 2017|work=NPR|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref> Leading up to the March 15, 2017 election in the Netherlands, Russia was found to use social media to spread "fake news" to influence public opinion.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-spread-fake-news-during-dutch-election-report-putin/|title=Russia spread fake news during Dutch election: report|date=April 4, 2017|work=Politico|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref>

One possible example of fake news was the announcement by the [[mainstream media]] that [[Fidel Castro]] died at age 90 on November 25, 2016.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2016/11/26/americas/fidel-castro-obit/</ref> In fact, the [[Obama Administration]] and major news outlets were likely aware that Castro had died of a terminal illness many years earlier. Indeed, [[Obama]] did not even mention, let alone visit, Castro during Obama's visit to Cuba in March 2016, and neither the president, vice-president, or other high-ranking elected official of the United States attended Castro's "funeral".

One fake news item from ''Freedom Daily'' in February 2017 was: "BREAKING: Federal Judge Just Officially Ruled CNN Is FAKE NEWS And Forces SHOCKING Punishment On Them!" However, this was a misreporting of a Georgia federal district court judge denying CNN's motion for summary judgment in a defamation action filed by a hospital executive against CNN. No "shocking punishment" was involved and the case will go to trial on the merits.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/cnn-fake-news/|title=Did a Judge Rule That CNN Is 'Fake News'?|date=Feb 17, 2017|accessdate=April 5, 2017|work=Snopes}}</ref>

A poorly-sourced February 4 ''Washington Post'' article claimed a feud existed between DHS Secretary [[John F. Kelly]] and [[Steve Bannon]], when in fact, none existed. The article's author was forced to admit his error.<ref>Hayward, John (February 8, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/02/08/fake-news-dhs-secretary-calls-wapo-john-kelly-steve-bannon-feud-a-fantasy-story/ Fake News: DHS Secretary Calls WaPo ‘John Kelly-Steve Bannon Feud’ a ‘Fantasy Story’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 18, 2017.</ref> In June 2017, the [[Associated Press]] reported, and later corrected, a story that EPA Administrator [[Scott Pruitt]] met with Dow Chemical CEO Andrew Liveris – something which did not actually happen.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/30/fake-news-associated-press-engulfed-in-cnn-level-scandal-as-it-covers-up-invention-of-imaginary-pruitt-meeting/ Fake News: Associated Press Engulfed in CNN-Level Scandal as It Covers Up Invention of Imaginary Pruitt Meeting]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref>

In November 2017, ''The Washington Post'' claimed that the conservative [[Breitbart News]] created the nickname "Mr. Perfect" when referring to [[Jared Kushner]], while in reality, Kushner's own companies created the nickname to promote themselves in China.<ref>Mason, Ian (November 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/27/wapo-forgets-kushners-came-up-with-mr-perfect-on-their-own/ WaPo Forgets Kushners Came Up with ‘Mr. Perfect’ on Their Own]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2017.</ref> Also in November 2017, [[MSNBC]]'s ''Morning Joe'' show was caught broadcasting a pre-taped post-Thanksgiving show while pretending on air to be broadcasting live.<ref>Rodriguez, Katherine (November 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/11/26/fake-news-morning-joe-caught-pretending-pre-taped-day-thanksgiving-show-live/ Fake News: Morning Joe Caught Pretending Pre-Taped Day After Thanksgiving Show Was Live]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2017.</ref>

In April 2018, the Associated Press and ''The Washington Post'' falsely claimed that the NRA decided to ban concealed carry at an upcoming speech by Vice President [[Mike Pence]] at its convention, when it was actually the Secret Service that forced the organization to do so.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hawkins, Awr (April 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/04/30/fake-news-ap-wapo-claim-nra-bans-guns-at-mike-pence-speech/ Fake News: AP, WaPo Claim NRA Bans Guns at Mike Pence Speech]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
*Adelmann, Bob (May 1, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/28948-more-fake-news-nra-bans-guns-at-its-own-convention More Fake News: NRA Bans Guns at Its Own Convention!] ''The New American''. Retrieved May 1, 2018.
*Richardson, Bradford (April 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/30/associated-press-issues-correction-report-nra-bann/ AP issues correction on report that NRA banned guns for Mike Pence speech]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
*Concha, Joe (April 30, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/385563-ap-corrects-earlier-report-that-nra-banned-guns-at-pence-speech AP corrects earlier report that NRA banned guns at Pence speech]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.</ref>

In June 2019, ''MSNBC'' news anchor [[Kasie Hunt]] spread the Fake News narrative that 2020 Democratic Presidential candidate [[Joe Biden]] mentioned being able to work with [[Segregationists]] who were misidentified as "Republicans". Joe Biden did specifically name two segregationist Senators: James Eastland of [[Mississippi]] and Herman Talmadge of [[Georgia]]. However, both men were "proud, card-carrying members of the Democrat Party".<ref>Kasie Hunt Spreads Fake News Biden’s Segregationist Pals Were ‘Republicans’, https://www.teaparty.org/kasie-hunt-spreads-fake-news-bidens-segregationist-pals-were-republicans-368762/, June 19, 2019</ref><ref>U.S. Breaking News, Kasie Hunt Spreads Fake News Biden’s Segregationist Pals Were ‘Republicans’, https://usbreakingnews.net/2019/06/20/kasie-hunt-spreads-fake-news-bidens-segregationist-pals-were-republicans/, June 20, 2019</ref>

While a relatively unimportant example, many media outlets reported December 31, 2019, as the last day of the decade when 2020 was also part of the same decade.<ref>Byas, Steve (January 1, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/item/34492-end-of-decade-stories-illustrate-how-media-perpetuates-false-narratives “End of Decade” Stories Illustrate How Media Perpetuates False Narratives]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.</ref>

=== CNN's promotion of fake news ===
[[File:Ralph Northam (D-VA) in blackface.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Democrat shill [[Don Lemon]] (left); Democratic Governor Ralph Northam (in blackface) (right).]]
In first half of 2017, [[CNN]]'s market share relative to its competitors saw a marked decline.<ref>[http://www.dailywire.com/news/18088/death-spiral-along-its-credibility-cnn-ratings-john-nolte Death Spiral: Along With Its Credibility, CNN Ratings Collapse], Daily Wire, 2017.</ref> In addition, it faced repeated losses of its credibility through its lapses of journalistic judgment and ethical lapses.<ref>
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FpMb6dATfo CNN faces credibility crisis over Trump coverage]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-X2jG5hdl4 Tucker: When did CNN become internet morality police?]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WOOYIa-sOB4 CNN IS FAKE NEWS] by Stefan Molyneux
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjkdfdFbeFk The news keeps getting worse for CNN as #CNNBlackmail trends]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCewpjd2Yfc CNN Threatens Reddit User For Exercising Free Speech | #CNNBlackmail]
</ref> President [[Donald Trump]] publicly says CNN produces "fake news" and he also told a CNN reporter that CNN produces "very fake news".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-7nkj26edA Trump to CNN: "Very Fake News"]</ref> Subsequently, CNN has been derided as being "FNN: Fake News Network".<ref>[https://insider.foxnews.com/2017/06/27/president-trump-blasts-cnn-retracted-russia-story-fake-news 'Fake News Network': Trump Blasts CNN for Retracted Russia Story], Fox News Network</ref>

In May 2017, a CNN program claimed that [[Islam]] "has always been part of the American fabric" even as far back as the American Revolution, despite the apparent contradiction with the historical record.<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (May 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/05/29/cnns-crusade-declare-islam-part-americas-founding/ CNN’s W. Kamau Bell: Islam Part of America’s Founding]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 29, 2017.</ref>

On March 28, 2018, CNN anchor Chris Cuomo falsely claimed that "no one [is] calling for Second Amendment repeal", even though, former Supreme Court Justice [[John Paul Stevens]], among other left-wingers, had very recently and notably called for just that.<ref>Multiple references:
*Nolte, John (March 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/03/28/fake-news-cnns-cuomo-says-no-one-calling-for-2nd-amendment-repeal-they-are/ Fake News: CNN’s Cuomo Says ‘No One Calling for 2nd Amendment Repeal’ (They Are)]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
*Kugle, Andrew (March 28, 2018). [https://freebeacon.com/issues/cnns-cuomo-no-one-calling-repeal-second-amendment/ CNN’s Cuomo: No One Is Calling for Repeal of Second Amendment]. ''The Washington Free Beacon''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (March 28, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/cnn-host-apparently-unaware-that-several-people-have-called-for-the-repeal-of-the-second-amendment CNN host apparently unaware that people have indeed called for the repeal of the Second Amendment]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.</ref>

Sometime before January 6, 2017, [[DNI]] [[James Clapper]] briefed opposition research talking points, manufactured by the Clinton campaign in the ''[[Steele dossier]]'', to [[Jake Tapper]] of CNN. The salacious innuendo lacked verification and a " news hook" for CNN to report. Clapper instructed [[FBI]] Director [[James Comey]] to brief President-elect Trump on the allegations. Clapper immediately leaked the fact Trump had been briefed, creating the "news hook" CNN was looking for to publicize the existence of the ''Steele dossier''. FBI counter-intelligence investigator [[Peter Strzok]] then used the fake news report to justify interviewing [[National Security Advisor]] [[Michael Flynn]] and lay a perjury trap,<ref>https://saraacarter.com/who-will-investigate-the-fbi-and-doj-top-secret-leaks-to-the-media/?utm=pushnami</ref> thwarting the new president's [[foreign policy]] agenda. Clapper was rewarded with a job at CNN afterward.<ref>''[https://www.scribd.com/document/377590825/HPSCI-Final-Report-on-Russian-Active-Measures-Redacted-Release Russian Active Measures in the 2016 Election''], House Permanent Sub Committee on Intelligence, March 22, 2017, pp. 107-108.</ref><ref>[https://www.themarketswork.com/2018/04/27/clapper-leaks-twice-to-cnn-brennan-stands-in-the-shadows-a-russian-narrative-is-born/ Clapper Leaks Twice to CNN. Brennan Stands in the Shadows. A Russian Narrative is Born,] Jeff Carlson, April 27, 2018.</ref><ref>[https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/04/20/anatomy-of-a-political-smear-confirmed-james-comey-january-briefing-was-scripted-by-clapper-and-brennan-to-create-media-narrative/ Anatomy of a Political Smear Confirmed – James Comey January Briefing Was Scripted by Clapper and Brennan To Create Media Narrative], by Sundance, April 20, 2018. theconservativetreehouse.com</ref>

In 2019, CNN falsely labeled liberal [[Democratic party|Democrat Virginia governor]] [[Ralph Northam]] a "Republican" when reporting a racist photo of himself while in medical school.<ref>Gualtieri, Allison Elyse (February 2, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/cnn-misidentifies-virginia-gov-ralph-northam-as-a-republican-during-his-apology-for-racist-yearbook-photo CNN misidentifies Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam as a Republican during his apology for racist yearbook photo]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved February 2, 2019.</ref><ref>Rodriguez, Katherine (February 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/02/01/watch-cnn-chyron-labels-virginia-gov-ralph-northam-a-republican/ WATCH: CNN Chyron Labels Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam a Republican]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 2, 2019.</ref>

In 2020, CNN tweeted that "Google will not be publishing a national-scale website for coronavirus testing anytime soon, contrary to claims made by President Trump during a news conference",<ref>https://twitter.com/cnn/status/1238718028566671360</ref> before claiming just a day later on their website that "Google will partner with US government to develop a nationwide coronavirus website".<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/google-trump-coronavirus-site/index.html?utm_content=2020-03-14T06%3A46%3A06&utm_medium=social&utm_term=link&utm_source=twCNN</ref>

[[File:Warren tweet.jpg|left|300px|thumb|[[Elizabeth Warren]] sent a fake news tweet claiming [[Mark Zuckerberg]] endorsed Donald Trump.]]
After Special Counsel [[Robert Mueller]] thoroughly debunked the [[Russiagate]] [[conspiracy theory]], CNN's [[Jim Sciutto]] attempted to resuscitate the discredited hoax alleging that the CIA had to extract a deep cover asset from Russia because of fear that President Trump would out the asset's identity to Vladimir Putin. The ''New York Times'', ''Washington Post'', and CIA were quick to refute the story. The extraction occurred because of [[John Brennan]] and [[Obama administration]] leaks in the early days of the Trump-Russia hoax that put in danger of exposure and the lives of CIA assets in Russia.<ref>https://www.redstate.com/streiff/2019/09/09/cnn-russian-spy-exfiltration-story-trips-bull-alarms-two-continents/</ref><ref>https://hotair.com/archives/ed-morrissey/2019/09/10/wapo-nyt-contra-cnn-trump-not-reason-cia-exfiltrated-asset-russia/</ref><ref>https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/09/10/fusion-gps-hustle-timeline-of-who-met-who-and-when-in-buildup-of-cnns-latest-trump-russia-exclusive-is-all-so-damning/</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/themarketswork/status/1171072580901453825?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/aaronjmate/status/1171100680121176069?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw</ref>

In the Immanuel Christian School/Karen Pence [[hate crime hoax]], a 12-year-old girl claimed that three boys at Immanuel Christian School held her down and cut her dreadlocks while using the racially charged term "nappy." The wife of [[Vice President Mike Pence]], Karen Pence works at the school. CNN's [[Bakari Sellers]], NBC, CBS, CNN, ''[[The New York Times]]'', and [[The Washington Post]]'' all reported the incident nationwide and used the incident to attack Karen Pence.<ref>https://freebeacon.com/politics/hate-crime-media-used-to-attack-karen-pence-is-fake/</ref> The girl's family finally released a statement acknowledging the initial allegation was false. They apologized to all involved: "To those young boys and their parents, we sincerely apologize for the pain and anxiety these allegations have caused," they wrote. "To the administrators and families of Immanuel Christian School, we are sorry for the damage this incident has done to trust within the school family and the undue scorn it has brought to the school. To the broader community, who rallied in such passionate support for our daughter, we apologize for betraying your trust."<ref>https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/6th-Grade-Girl-Says-She-Lied-About-Boys-Cutting-Her-Dreadlocks-561784531.html</ref>

Even before the Trump Presidency, CNN had also engaged in fake news as well. In particular, its coverage of humanitarian crises in Kosovo as well as locations such as Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti, Macedonia, Bosnia, Ecuador, East Timor, Kuwait, Liberia, Albania, Congo, Gabon, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan, Sudan, and Iraq was strongly implied by Lt. Col. Robert "Buzz" Patterson of the Air Force to be the main reason why Bill Clinton had dispatched troops to those locations despite none of the mission parameters actually requiring direct American military aid, including the [[Kosovo War]] in the case of Kosovo.<ref>''Dereliction of Duty'' by Lt. Col. Robert "Buzz" Patterson, USAF (Ret.), Chapter 6, CNN Diplomacy, page 112-128.</ref>

===Deep state and fake news===
:{{See also|Media intelligence complex}}
The [[mainstream media]] has worked with the deep state intelligence agencies to promote fake news regarding the supposed [[Trump-Russia scandal]],<ref>Jasper, William F. (April 25, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25863-deep-state-and-fake-news Deep State and Fake News]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 3, 2018.</ref> and the alleged Russian hacking of John Podesta and DNC emails.

===2018 bomb hoax===
Just when things looked desperate for Democrats with unhinged mobs responding to the party's leadership, CNN reported it had received a mail bomb addressed to [[John Brennan]], who actually works for [[NBC]]. Nonetheless, CNN opened John Brennan's mail anyway, paused to take pictures of the alleged bomb resembling a Hollywood prop, before evacuating the building in a panic. Others received mailings as well.

Republicans were quick to condemn political violence,<ref>https://youtu.be/KwSGYUDQSuY</ref> unlike Democrat leaders, who were encouraging it.<ref>https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9115480/</ref> President Trump vowed to use all the resources of the federal government to find who was responsible.

As soon as CNN feed into the news cycle that the bombs were active, giving breaking news reports a life of their own, within hours the ''[[Associated Press]]'' reported, {{quotebox|"tests have determined that a powder found inside an envelope delivered to CNN along with a pipe bomb was harmless."<ref><big>7:50 p.m.

A law enforcement official says tests have determined that a powder found inside an envelope delivered to CNN along with a pipe bomb was harmless.

The official wasn’t authorized to discuss the investigation publicly and spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.

New York City’s police commissioner said earlier Wednesday that the package sent to CNN’s offices in Manhattan contained a live explosive and an envelope containing white powder.

The FBI said the package was similar to explosives sent to former President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, former Attorney General Eric Holder and billionaire [[George Soros]].

The package sent to CNN was addressed to former CIA Director John Brennan, a frequent guest on the channel. The official says that parcel contained no note or claim of responsibility.</big> [https://www.apnews.com/5c93ac06309c4ce88e8 cd5023f89feca Tom Hays, ''Associated Press'', October 24, 2018].</ref>}} None of this stopped CNN and other mainstream sources from failing to clarify the facts, or whipping up anti-Trump hysteria.

None of the bombs were active, and the alleged bomber didn't know how to build a bomb anyway. The alleged bombs lacked a detonator device, were made with PVC tubing instead of lead, and packed with a harmless powder.<ref>https://www.nationalreview.com/news/cnn-pipe-bomb-white-powder-harmless-law-enforcement-report/</ref> [[File:98% of straight men will not date trans women because of hate.jpeg|thumb|right|225px|A typical fake news poll.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdQZkG2dOkE</ref>]]

===Mangled statistics===
A ''Washington Post'' article claimed that 4.2 percent of American children had witnessed a shooting<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/06/20/19-children-are-shot-every-day-in-the-united-states/ 19 kids are shot every day in the United States]</ref> (this is one in 24). This was based on a survey question which they (deliberately? negligently?) misinterpreted:
:The actual question the researchers asked was, "At any time in (your child’s/your) life, (was your child/were you) in any place in real life where (he/she/you) could see or hear people being shot, bombs going off, or street riots?"<ref>[https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/commentary/2017/06/27/news-organizations-including-one-unintentionally-misinformed-public-guns How news organizations, including this one, unintentionally misinformed the public on guns]</ref>
So they mixed in "witnessed a shooting" with "heard a street riot", etc.

== Identifying fake news ==
The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) has a checklist to assist people to recognize fake news:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.ifla.org/lpa/files/2017/01/How-to-Spot-Fake-News-1.jpg|title=How to Spot Fake News|date=January 27, 2017|website=IFLA blogs|access-date=February 16, 2017}}</ref>
# Consider the source (to understand its mission and purpose)
# Read beyond the headline (to understand the whole story)
# Check the authors (to see if they are real and credible)
# Assess the supporting sources (to ensure they support the claims)
# Check the date of publication (to see if the story is relevant and up to date)
# Ask if it is a joke (to determine if it is meant to be [[satire]])
# Review your own biases (to see if they are affecting your judgment)
# Ask experts (to get confirmation from independent people with knowledge).

===Reputation of the author===
Ultimately, a judgment about fake news rests on the reputation of its author, and the reputation and editorial stance of a news organization or book publisher. Longevity is not in and of itself proof a publication or publishing house is an established reputable service. ''[[Newsweek]]'' magazine, for instance, was once established as a "moderate" or right-leaning weekly news source to counter the perceived leftwing bias of ''[[Time magazine|Time]]'' magazine. It has since ceased publication as a print journal, and the name - ''Newsweek'' - was sold as an established, existing tradename, only to reappear online as a mainstream news source for some of the most outrageous left-wing lunacy.

In the United States the ''[[New Republic]]'', established before World War I, is considered the granddaddy of modern liberal thought, whereas the ''[[National Review]]'' established in the 1950s is considered its modern conservative counterpart. ''[[The Nation]]'' has long been deemed the voice of more marginalized [[progressive]] thinking. While staff management and editorial views have evolved over many decades, any author moving from one of these publications to another generally have professional reputations as traditional ethical journalists, unlike modern broadcast journalists, or what passes as "ethics" taught in some of the nation's most prestigious journalism and broadcast schools today.

Among book publishers, St. Martin's Press is considered a mainstream book publisher for [[Democrat]]s which no other mainstream publisher would stake its reputation on, and Regnery is considered its [[Republican]] counterpart.

The challenge for young readers is to discern good, solid, factual reporting in the internet era, at a time when an explosion of anonymous blog sites are threatening the existence of a dying print and cable news broadcast industry.<ref>A prime example of [[Joseph Schumpeter]]'s [[creative destruction]].</ref> Again the reputation of the author is all pervasive. This requires follow-up and holding the author (whether anonymous or a pseudonym) accountable, and not seeking [[confirmation bias]] in how a reader informs themselves.

===Holding the author accountable===
As can be seen, the reputation of a news organization or individual journalist can change over time, to either improve or lose credibility.

''[[The New Yorker]]'' for example, once had a reputation for vigorous fact-checking. However, after such stories on the credibility of [[Wikipedia]], its fictionalized account of the death of [[bin Laden]], its hit piece on the person and character of ''American Sniper'' hero [[Chris Kyle]], and it's partisan, sloppy, and outrageous attacks on [[Brett Kavanaugh]], have called ''The New Yorker's'' viability as a reputable source into question.

Ronan Farrow, who writes for the ''New Yorker'' appeared as a bright and shining rising star in the field of investigative journalism, at a moment when public perception of journalists was at its lowest. Farrow fearlessly wrote about the deviant sexual predations of Democrat kingpins and mega-donors such as [[Harvey Weinstein]] and others, for which he won a [[Pulitzer Prize]]. Farrow even described the intimidation tactics wealthy predators use against female victims and himself by hired thugs and ex-intelligence agents to silence people. Farrow was a hero of the [[MeToo movement]]. Then Farrow tossed his reputation to the wind by signing his name to unsubstantiated smears, which his own reporting debunked, in a vicious partisan smear of [[Judge Brett Kavanaugh]]. Farrow sold out, and his actions now have the opposite effect of adding credibility to the defense and rehabilitation of Harvey Weinstein.

===Circular reporting or wrap up smear===
A '''wrap up smear''',<ref>https://youtu.be/SMJdDwQlcc8</ref> also known as a '''circular reporting''', '''circular journalism''' or an '''echo chamber''', occurs when [[partisan]] sources [[leak]] false information to journalists then use those same published accounts to validate their claims.

Several instances in recent memory illustrate the technique during the [[Trump-Russia collusion hoax]] and the [[Kavanaugh smear]]. In Trump-Russia, a false allegation that Trump colluded with Russia was [[leak]]ed by Democratic operatives to get news organizations to publicize the claim, then biased [[Obama administration]] employees used those news stories as supposed evidence to obtain FBI [[surveillance]] warrants on the Trump campaign.

CNN, the ''Washington Post'', the ''New York Times'' and numerous other organizations reported fabricated information by anonymous sources throughout 2016, 2017, and 2018. The published reports became the basis of the [[Trump-Russia conspiracy hoax]] and [[FISA abuse]] scandal. When mainstream media published the false information, the Obama FBI, Justice Department, CIA and [[DNI]] used the fake news (originating with themselves) as supposed corroboration from "independent journalists" to begin investigations, interviews, perjury traps, seek warrants, perform [[Gang of Eight]] briefings, and appoint a [[Mueller office|Special Prosecutor]] to pursue political objectives.
*[[Michael Sussmann]] who worked with the general counsel of the Clinton campaign and the DNC gave fake evidence to the FBI and ''New York Times'' that a webserver in Trump Tower was communicating with a Russian bank. The smears were found to be without foundation.<ref>https://themarketswork.com/2019/01/21/baker-testimony-reveals-perkins-coie-lawyer-provided-fbi-with-information-on-alfa-bank-allegations/</ref>
*[[Christopher Steele]] who worked for Hillary Clinton gave false evidence to the FBI and numerous mainstream media outlets that [[Carter Page]] was a Russian spy, when in fact Page was a former FBI informant who helped jail Russian spies.
*Steele gave bogus sexual innuendo about Trump to the FBI; [[DNI]] [[James Clapper]] leaked to CNN than that Trump had been briefed on the information, thus creating a "Breaking News" story.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/04/20/anatomy-of-a-political-smear-confirmed-james-comey-january-briefing-was-scripted-by-clapper-and-brennan-to-create-media-narrative/</ref>

In the Kavanaugh smear, false sexual abuse allegations were leaked by Senate Democrat committee staffers to produce sensationalized headlines and martial public pressure in an emotional cause.

Sen. [[Dianne Feinstein]] or a staffer leaked a letter from Dr. [[Christine Blasey Ford]] to the ''Washington Post'' alleging notes from a therapist and a polygraph exam were material evidence of a sexual assault, sparking a hue and cry on the [[Left]] for extended nomination hearings and FBI investigation of [[Judge Kavanaugh]]. The alleged "material evidence" was never provided to the FBI or Senate Judiciary Committee for examination and consideration, and the accuser caught in a series of conflicting sworn public statements.

===Mainstream false reporting of the Russia collusion hoax and impeachment inquiry===
[[File:27067022 1565197686869300 6687960957434384962 n.jpg|right|250px|thumb|The Russian's did not "hack the vote" as [[Obama administration]] and mainstream media sources alleged.]]
These mainstream journalists and news organizations in one capacity or other were willing participants in the [[Trump-Russia collusion hoax]]. The plan to exonerate Hillary Clinton of criminal charges, sabotage Donald Trump's election chances, and later his presidency, originated with corrupt elements of the [[Obama administration]], in collusion with the [[Democratic party]]. Allies opposed to Trump's demand that [[NATO]] members give more to fund the alliance, and Russian sources feeding Democrats false information also contributed.

These journalists reported fake news from the [[Hillary Clinton]] funded ''[[Steele dossier]]'', which Hillary Clinton paid foreign agents, including Russian agents, to interfere in the [[2016 presidential election]]. The false information was knowingly presented by the Obama [[Justice Department]] and [[FBI]] to the [[FISA court]] to obtain retro-active approval for an illegal domestic spying operation against Obama and Clinton's political opponents. These journalists actively colluded with the Democrats [[seditious]] activity to overturn the results of the 2016 presidential election:

[[Ken Bensinger]], [[BuzzFeed]] reporter who received ''Steele dossier'' from [[David Kramer]], Sen. [[John McCain]]'s [[Chief of Staff]]. [[Ken Dilanian]], and [[Ned Price]], [[NBC News]]. [[David Corn]], ''[[Mother Jones]]''. [[Michael Isikoff]], Yahoo News. [[Ali Watkins]], BuzzFeed and ''[[The New York Times]]''. [[Brian Ross]] and [[Matt Mosk]], ABC News. [[Carl Bernstein]] and [[Jake Tapper]], [[CNN]]. [[Julian Borger]], ''[[The Guardian]]''. [[Peter Stone]] and [[Greg Gordon]], McClatchy. [[Bob Little]] and [[Rachel Martin]], NPR. [[David Ignatius]], [[Evan Perez]], [[Jim Sciutto]], [[Tom Hamburger]], [[Rosalind Helderman]], and [[Fred Hiatt]], ''[[The Washington Post]]''. [[Allan Cullison]], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''. [[Rachel Maddow]], [[Joy Reid]], and [[Katy Tur]], [[MSNBC]]. [[Scott Pelly]], ''[[60 Minutes]]''. [[Devlin Barrett]], [[Robert Costa]] [[Ellen Nakashima]], and [[Matt Zapotosky]].

Other willing participants were: ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[Huffington Post]]'', ''[[Newsweek]]'', [[MSNBC]], ''[[Politico]]'', ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' and ''[[Slate]]''. All these continued to report the fake Russia collusion narrative even after it was thoroughly debunked, and none have issued retractions to their reporting.<ref>https://youtu.be/vYGkB329rcM</ref> The uncorroborated allegations violated every tenet of traditional, respectable [[journalism]]. None of it would have been possible without the help of several global media organizations willingly publicizing the false narrative of Trump collusion with the Russian government.<ref>https://themarketswork.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/inforgraphic-838x1024.jpg</ref>

On March 25, 2019 Tim Murtaugh, the director of communications for President Trump, sent out a memo to all television producers regarding the “credibility of certain guests.” In particular, the memo cited a list of “guests who made outlandish, false claims, without evidence, on your airwaves.” Included were Sen. [[Richard Blumenthal]] (D-Conn.), Rep. [[Adam Schiff]] (D-Calif.), Rep. [[Jerrold Nadler]] (D-N.Y.), Rep. [[Eric Swalwell]] (D-Calif.), DNC Chairman [[Tom Perez]] and former CIA Director [[John Brennan]]. The memo asked the producers to “employ basic journalistic standards when booking such guests.”<ref>https://twitter.com/jonathanvswan/status/1110254539163291648</ref>

===Participants in the Kavanaugh smear===
[[NBC News]], ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[The Washington Post]]'', [[Stephen Colbert]], [[ABC News]], [[CBS News]], [[USA Today]].

===Participants in the Covington Catholic kids smear===
:{{Main article|Covington Catholic kids}}
''[[The Washington Post]]'', ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Cable News Network]]'' (CNN), ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[National Public Radio]]'', [[TMZ]], [[Atlantic Media]], [[Capitol Hill Publishing]], [[Ann Cabrera]] (CNN), [[Sara Sidner]] (CNN), [[Erin Burnett]] (CNN), [[S. E. Cupp]] (CNN), [[Elliot C. McLaughlin]] (CNN), [[Amanda Watts]] (CNN), [[Emmanuella Grinberg]] (CNN), [[Michelle Boorstein]] (''Washington Post''), [[Cleve R. Wootson Jr.]] (''Washington Post''), [[Antonio Olivo]] (''Washington Post''), [[Joe Heim]] (''Washington Post''), [[Michael E. Miller]] (''Washington Post''), [[Eli Rosenberg]] (''Washington Post''), [[Isaac Stanley-Becker]] (''Washington Post''), [[Kristine Philips]] (''Washington Post''), [[Sarah Mervosh]] (''Washington Post''), [[Emily S. Roeb]] (''New York Times''), [[Maggie Haberman]] (''New York Times''), [[David Brooks]] (''New York Times''), [[Shannon Doyne]], [[Kurt Eichenwald]], [[Andrea Mitchell]] (''[[NBC]]/[[MSNBC]]''), [[Savannah Guthrie]] (NBC), [[Joy Reid]] (MSNBC), [[Chuck Todd]] (NBC), [[Noah Berlatsky]], [[Elisha Fieldstadt]] (NBC), [[Eun Kyung Kim]], [[HBO]], [[Bill Maher]], [[Warner Media]], [[Condé Nast]], ''[[GQ]]'', [[Heavy.com]], [[The Hill]], ''[[The Atlantic]]'', Bustle.com, [[Kathy Griffin]], [[Alyssa Milano]] and [[Jim Carrey]].<ref>https://www.dailywire.com/news/42988/nick-sandmanns-lawyer-sends-letters-these-54-ryan-saavedra?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=benshapiro</ref>

===Reputable/verifiable sources===
The following are considered reputable and verifiable source noted for good reporting:

*Epoch Times Media Group which include assets like:
The [[Epoch Times]] Newspaper
New Tang Dynasty Televison (NTDTV)
China Uncensored/America Uncovered
Edge of Wonder
Shen Yun
The Larry Elder Show
*[[Washington Free Beacon]]
*[[New American]]
*[[Breitbart]]
*Assets owned by [[Rupert Murdoch]]
[[Fox News]]
[[Fox Business Network]]
[[Sky News | Sky News Australia]]
*[[OANN]]
*[[Human Events]]
*[[NewsMax]]
*Daily Signal
*[[Washington Examiner]]
*The Federalist
*[[Rebel News]]

==Responses==
===Liberal responses===
When the term first came into common usages immediately after the 2016 elections, [[liberals]], the [[mainstream media]], and [[social media]] misapplied the term to make the false accusation that [[Alternative Media|alternative news]] sources were "deliberately lying" to their readers, listeners, and viewers, and that these "lies" helped elect [[Donald Trump]] [[President of the United States]]. The liberal-pushed "fake news" accusations are a form of [[conspiracy theory]].

The [[mainstream media]] itself publishes and promotes fake news stories appearing in nightly network newscasts, on its cable news channels, in its newspapers and on its websites (including Facebook).<ref name="Tech Crunch">{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/14/facebook-fake-news-code-media/|title=Facebook is still figuring out how to tackle fake news|date=Feb 14, 2017|accessdate=June 29, 2017|work=Tech Crunch}}</ref><ref name="Barron">{{cite news|url=http://ajr.org/2015/04/03/news-sites-fall-for-fake-news|title=Even News Sites Fall for Fake News|first=Rachel|last=Barron|date=April 3, 2017|accessdate=June 29, 2017|work=American Journalism Review}}</ref>
When fake news sites misuse the "ABC News" logo<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/2016/08/07/breitbart-duped-by-fake-news-again/|title=Breitbart Duped by Fake News (Again)|date=September 1, 2016|accessdate=April 5, 2017|work=Snopes}}</ref> or are designed to appear to be sponsored by a TV news channel, the mainstream media may also appear to publish and promote fake news stories.

The mainstream media itself can be rife with government leaked fake news stories, such as a fictional ''Washington Post'' story that Russia hacked the U.S. power grid in 2016.<ref>Leetaru, Kalev, "[https://www.forbes.com/sites/kalevleetaru/2017/01/01/fake-news-and-how-the-washington-post-rewrote-its-story-on-russian-hacking-of-the-power-grid/ 'Fake News' And How The Washington Post Rewrote Its Story On Russian Hacking Of The Power Grid]," ''Forbes'', Jan 1, 2017.</ref> While leftists accuse conservatives of being behind fake news stories, the evidence shows the exact opposite, although fake news is designed to appeal to audiences all across the political spectrum.

====Attempts at censorship====
[[Melissa Zimdars]], a [[far-Left]] professor had compiled a list of supposedly "fake and misleading" news websites that was heavily promoted in the Mainstream Media,<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2016/11/breaking-media-list-fake-news-websites-includes-breitbart-infowars-zerohedge-twitchy-blaze/ BREAKING: Liberals Create List of "Fake" News Websites Including: Breitbart, Infowars, Zerohedge, Twitchy, The Blaze]</ref> including [[Breitbart]], [[Infowars]], Twitchy, [[The Blaze]], and Bizpac Review. Even liberals, such as Will Oremus on [[Slate.com]], criticized the list and the term itself for being far too broad, unfairly targeting numerous sites, and being an overreaction.<ref>Oremus, Will (December 6, 2016). [http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2016/12/stop_calling_everything_fake_news.html Stop Calling Everything “Fake News”]. ''Slate.com''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> Zimdars later removed her "Fake News" list, claiming she had been "harassed" and "doxed".<ref>[https://inews.co.uk/essentials/news/technology/melissa-zimdars-removes-fake-news-list-claiming-harassed-doxed/ Dr Melissa Zimdars removes fake news list and claims she was ‘harassed’]</ref> In 2019, the [[George Soros]]-funded Poynter Institute created a list of 515 news sources – anything that was part of the left-wing media – that it claimed were "fake news" for not completely abiding by left-wing narratives.<ref>Multiple references:
*Freiburger, Calvin (May 3, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/soros-backed-journalism-institute-pulls-list-labeling-29-conservative-outlets-unnews Soros-backed journalism institute pulls list labeling 29 conservative outlets ‘UnNews’]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*[https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/soros-backed-journalism-institute-targets-29-conservative-outlets-in-its-unnews-report Soros-backed journalism institute targets 29 conservative outlets in its ‘UnNews’ report]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from ''NewsBusters''). May 2, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*Nolte, John (May 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/05/03/nolte-poynter-temporarily-pulls-blacklist-with-a-big-lie-and-promise-to-return/ Nolte: Poynter Temporarily Pulls Blacklist with a Big Lie and Promise to Return]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*Nolte, John (May 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/05/01/nolte-poynter-institute-wants-515-outlets-blacklisted-breitbart-news/ Nolte: Poynter Institute Wants 515 Outlets Blacklisted, Including Breitbart News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.</ref>

A 2017 Yale University study found that flagging news stories as "fake news" is ineffective due to the general mistrust of the media by Americans that already exists.<ref>Church, Nate (September 12, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/tech/2017/09/12/study-flagging-stories-as-fake-news-ineffective-people-no-longer-trust-media/ Study: Flagging Stories as ‘Fake News’ Ineffective; People No Longer Trust Media]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 13, 2017.</ref>

====''WaPo''====
One attempt at broadening the meaning of the term as well as professing the likelihood of the use of what the term describes appeared on November 23, 2016 in the ''Washington Post'':{{cquote|In the wake of Donald Trump’s shock Nov. 2016 electoral victory, attention fell on the extent to which voter opinions could have been shaped by an epidemic of "fake news" websites that masqueraded as legitimate media outlets...Many fake stories proved more viral on social media than important articles from real sources.<ref name=Merkel>[https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/11/23/fake-news-threatens-german-election-merkel.html Fake news threatens German election: Merkel]</ref>}}

Ishaan Tharoor, the author who wrote the piece, lets the reader know that he assumes Trump's election win is so surprising (although it wasn't) that any explanation deserves to be looked at if the event has not been fully explained already. This would allow the subject which follows—his allegations of "fake news" being epidemic as well as his suggestions that they were isolated to media outlets that weren't "real sources" (by some unstated body's estimation)—to be plausible or even to be considered an especially good candidate as an explanation (to the uninformed), despite being unfounded or at least founded on exaggeration.

The election results prompted German Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]], who represents a, [[establishment]]-[[globalist]] political party, to caution against "fake news" circulated in [[Social media]]:{{cquote|Something has changed — as globalization has marched on, debate is taking place in a completely new media environment. Opinions aren’t formed the way they were 25 years ago ... Today we have fake sites, bots, trolls — things that regenerate themselves, reinforcing opinions with certain algorithms, and we have to learn to deal with them. I believe we should not underestimate what is happening in the context of the Internet and with digitalization; this is part of our reality ... We have regulations that allow for our press freedom, including the requirement for due diligence from journalists. Today we have many that experience a media that is based on very different foundations and is much less regulated.<ref name=Merkel/>}}

====Facebook====
[[Facebook]] has also responded to the alleged problem by developing a system wherein readers can flag a post they find suspicious. Once flagged the post will be reviewed by a [[mainstream media]] representative, who decides whether the news is "real" or "fake."<ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebooks-fake-fix-for-fake-news-1481932361</ref>

====Snopes====
On January 14, 2016, the [[Snopes]] website, itself considered a fake news site by some experts, published its "Snopes’ Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors"<ref name=snopes>{{cite web|title=Snopes’ Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors|date=January 14, 2016|url=http://www.snopes.com/2016/01/14/fake-news-sites/|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref> Its founder, for what brags to be the moral compass of what is "honest" reporting on the Internet, allegedly embezzled nearly $100,000 for prostitutes.<ref>https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2019/09/exclusive-founder-of-snopes-far-left-moral-purveyor-of-truth-in-the-media-allegedly-embezzled-98000-for-prostitutes-during-his-divorce/</ref>

====SpotFakeNews.ca====
A recently created Canadian website called SpotFakeNews.ca<ref>http://spotfakenews.ca/</ref> claims to "help Canadians of all ages critically access online news and information, and differentiate fake news from real news", but the resources it links to link in turn to the [[Associated Press]] and other liberal-biased news "sources" and resources, thereby making that site itself a non-credible, liberal-biased resource.

====DoubtIt.ca====
Another Canadian website<ref>https://doubtit.ca/</ref> which claims "to provide Canadians an understanding of the role of journalism in a healthy democracy and the tools to find and filter information online";<ref>https://doubtit.ca/about-us/</ref> however, in its verification section,<ref>https://doubtit.ca/#verification_section</ref> the site uses the "fact checking" sites Snopes, FactCheck.org, the Associated Press website's "fact checking" section, Full Fact and [[PolitiFact]] as its resources, all of which are liberal-biased sites whose claims have been disproven and discredited as fake news when compared with similar stories from independent, non-liberal media journalists, news organizations (e.g. [[The Rebel Media|Rebel News]] and [[One America News Network]]) and news sites (e.g. [[Breitbart News]], [[NewsBusters]], [[The Daily Caller]], [[Gateway Pundit]], [[Canada Free Press]], etc.), thus also making DoubtIt.ca itself liberal-biased, unreliable and non-credible regarding what it decides is "fake news". Another giveaway that DoubtIt.ca is not credible as a resource is that at the bottom of its website, it mentions that it is funded by liberal-biased search engine [[Google]].

====DFRLab definition====
The [[Atlantic Council]]'s Digital Forensic Research Lab which is partnering with [[Facebook]] to promote [[internet]] [[censorship]] defines fake news as {{quotebox|“deliberately presenting false information as news.”

We differentiate this from '''[[disinformation]]''', which we consider to be "deliberately spreading false information;" fake news is thus a subset of disinformation. We further distinguish it from '''misinformation''', which we take to mean the unintentional spreading of false information.<ref>https://medium.com/dfrlab/fake-news-defining-and-defeating-43830a2ab0af</ref>}}

====European Commission====
In 2018, the [[European Commission]] proposed the creation of an "independent fact-checking network" that would fight what it views as "fake news." However, this network, if created, would be funded by left-wing organizations connected to [[George Soros]].<ref>Tomlinson, Chris (April 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/london/2018/04/28/european-union-advocates-independent-fact-checkers-combat-fake-news/ European Union Advocates For Soros-Funded ‘Independent Fact Checkers’ to Combat ‘Fake News’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 28, 2018.</ref>

===Conservative responses===
"''Undoubtedly the new main psyop against independent media is flooding the web with fake news, and mainstream media putting out fake news, and setting themselves up like a super-Snopes, to be the arbiter of what's real and what’s not,''" countered [[Alex Jones]] from Infowars in the wake of criticism of the [[Alternative Media]] on the part of [[Democrat]] presidential candidate [[Hillary Clinton]] supporters following Trump's win.<ref>[http://nymag.com/selectall/2016/11/finally-someone-is-standing-up-to-fake-news-infowars.html Finally, Someone Is Standing Up to Fake News: Infowars]</ref>

[[Answers in Genesis]] President [[Ken Ham]], noted that one of the most prominent and blatant examples of fake news is the media's treatment of [[evolution]] and an [[old Earth]] as undisputed scientific fact, even though numerous counterexamples exist [[Counterexamples to Evolution|to evolution]] and [[Counterexamples to an Old Earth|an old Earth]].<ref>Ham, Ken (March 21, 2017). [https://answersingenesis.org/blogs/ken-ham/2017/03/21/real-fake-news/ The Real Fake News]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved March 21, 2017.</ref>

According to a 2017 Poynter Media Trust Survey, 44% of Americans believe the media creates "fake news" stories against Trump to make him look bad.<ref>Richardson, Bradford (December 28, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/dec/28/fake-news-half-all-americans-believe-media-make-an/ ‘Fake News’: Half of all Americans believe the media make up anti-Trump stories]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 29, 2017.</ref> A [[Monmouth University]] poll released in April 2018 found that 77% of Americans believe the mainstream media reports fake news.<ref>Multiple references:
*Manchester, Julia (April 2, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/381225-more-than-3-in-4-believe-traditional-media-outlets-report-fake-news-poll More than 3 in 4 believe traditional media reports ‘fake news’: poll]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Persons, Sally (April 2, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/2/over-70-percent-of-americans-see-media-as-fake-new/ Over 70 percent of Americans see media as ‘fake news,’ a Monmouth University poll shows]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Church, Nate (April 2, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/04/02/poll-77-percent-believe-traditional-media-guilty-of-fake-news/ Poll: 77 Percent Believe Traditional Media Guilty of Fake News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Lima, Cristiano (April 2, 2018). [https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/02/poll-fake-news-494421 Poll: 77 percent say major news outlets report 'fake news']. ''Politico''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Byas, Steve (April 4, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/28659-poll-public-believes-media-reports-fake-news-to-advance-their-own-agenda Poll: Public Convinced That Media Reports Fake News to Advance Their Own Agenda]. ''The New American''. Retrieved April 4, 2018.</ref>

==Hypocrisy==
While liberals frequently accuse conservative or alternate media sites of being dishonest, they typically gloss over the massive failings of the mainstream media to accurately and fairly cover the news, as well as its own propensity to post and report fake news itself (such as the polls they released which falsely claimed that [[Hillary Clinton]] was "well ahead" of Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election campaign in order to discourage conservative voters, despite the attendance figures of the Trump campaign rallies vs. the Clinton campaign rallies, which the mainstream media chose to ignore, proving otherwise). Although the polls may have correctly predicted Clinton's 3 million vote margin in the national popular vote, commenters ignored the fact that the election is determined state-by-state in the [[Electoral College]]. In fact, within days after Trump's victory in the election, Wikipedia's liberal editors propagated a far from neutral and heavily liberal-biased "Fake news website" article.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fake_news_website&oldid=752584598 "Fake news website" article] at Wikipedia, December 2, 2016.</ref>

==History==
[[File:NY Daily News.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Liberal, socialist, and communist slanted journalism has a long history of biased and false reporting.]]
"News articles" that are completely fictional have a long history. The motivation is often for the amusement of the author, or the desire to make money by selling the newspaper or handbill based on its entertainment value. Such "news articles" are sometimes purely satirical (something that has a long history), or intentionally malicious, often for political reasons. For example, malicious claims about Presidential candidates (illegitimate children, etc.) have a long history in the United States. The falsehoods have sufficient emotional impact to assure that they will be magnified in various [[Media|mediums]]. It is debated whether or not this includes [[Satire|satiric]] news.<ref>"Tall Tale or Satire? Authors of So-Called "Fake News" Feel Misjudged". ''NBC News''. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/tall-tale-or-satire-authors-so-called-fake-news-feel-n689421</ref><ref>''Fake News Watch''. http://fakenewswatch.com/</ref>

[[Walter Lippmann]], a prominent [[socialist]], indicated that the press is supposed to utilize fake news to spin a narrative and thus manufacture public consent, claiming that news and truth are not the same thing, that it requires no real training to deal with the small pool, and that everything else is in the journalist's own discretion, which includes even promoting stereotypes.<ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2012/02/journalism-and-manufacturing-of-consent.html</ref><ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2013/03/walter-lippmann-explains-how.html</ref><ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2017/01/who-is-founding-father-of-fake-news.html</ref>

The explosive growth of the internet in the early years of the 21st century and the political divisiveness of the 2016 Presidential election saw explosive growth in fake news, far beyond supermarket tabloids, and the use of the term "fake news" to describe this.

===Tabloids, hoaxes, etc===
In the more recent past, but before the advent of the widespread propagation of false information through the internet, the most visible instances of "fake news" were the "supermarket tabloids" ("rag mags") that could be found at checkout counters of supermarkets. These were often full of blatant nonsense, and (nearly) everyone knew that, and bought them only for their entertainment value. Perhaps the most blatant of these was ''Weekly World News'', which seemed obsessed with some half-human half-bat creature named "bat boy," and with extraterrestrials. They sometimes devoted entire issues to extraterrestrials, and, in one instance, had three articles relating that each of the Presidential candidates in the 1992 Presidential election ([[George H. W. Bush]], [[Bill Clinton]], and [[Ross Perot]]) had been taken for a personal ride in a flying saucer to see Washington, D.C. from the air.

These fake articles continue, often with an extreme political slant. Recent issues of the ''National Enquirer'' (perhaps the most blatant fake newspaper since the demise of Weekly World News) had completely false articles about Special Forces raids, carpet bombing, drone strikes, and naval assaults by American forces in the Middle East. The ''Globe'' has run headlines alleging that Hillary Clinton is a Russian spy and has a "new treason indictment", which is not supported by the corresponding article. Another headline, unsupported by any evidence in the article, stated that Hillary Clinton and Huma Abedin were stopped trying to escape from the country. And there were numerous headlines during the 2016 Presidential campaign stating that they were in possession of evidence that would put Ms. Clinton in prison.

=== Early examples of fake news ===
Here are some early examples of fake news:

#The false claim, based on manipulation of the data, by Sir [[Arthur Eddington]] that the 1919 total eclipse of the sun proved the [[General Theory of Relativity]].
#The false reporting by the bigot [[H.L. Mencken]] on the [[Scopes Trial]].
#''[[The War of the Worlds]]'' broadcast on [[Halloween]] night, 1938, in which Orson Wells dramatically described an invasion by hostile Martians in [[New Jersey]].
#''The New York Daily News'' reporting that [[President Gerald Ford]] told the city to 'drop dead' after progressive liberal socialists spent the city's finances into oblivion.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html</ref>
#The fake claim that President [[George H. W. Bush]] did not know what a grocery scanner was, implying that he was out of touch.<ref>[https://www.mrc.org/articles/great-george-bush-sr-grocery-scanner-urban-legend-lives The Great George Bush Sr. "Grocery Scanner" Urban Legend Lives On]. ''Media Research Center''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.</ref>

===Internet age===
Cybersecurity experts began using the term "fake news" to describe social media postings that attempted to spread false information regardless of the political ramifications of its content.

The widespread public use of the phrase by non-experts probably originated on November 14, 2016, in an announcement by [[Google]]. They said their advertising service was being pulled from sites whose purpose was to present as news what was solely designed to attract attention rather than conducted in a factual manner by a responsible party.<ref>Nicas, Jack (November 14, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-to-bar-fake-news-websites-from-using-its-ad-selling-software-1479164646 "Google to bar fake-news websites from using its ad-selling software"]. ''Wall Street Journal''.</ref> Fake news is also a form of "click bait". A photo would appear in an ad implying that there was a news story about the death of a celebrity, and computer users would click on the link to be taken to a website that carried heavy advertising, but no news story about the death of the living celebrity.

==See also==
*[[Alternative facts]]
*[[Deep State]]
*[[Fake science]]
*[[Obama FBI/DOJ scandal]]
*[[The Democracy Integrity Project]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FOZ0irgLwxU What is Fake News video by Prager University]
*[https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeperlis/2017/03/09/fake-news-its-just-so-un-civil/ Forbes: Fake News Is So Un-civil]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jh8qDR9Zm4 Fake News], by Bill Whittle
*[https://www.breitbart.com/milo/2017/02/02/fake-news-cnn-ties-milo-to-white-nationalists-despite-explicit-rejection-of-racism/ FAKE NEWS: CNN Ties MILO to White Nationalists Despite Explicit Rejection of Racism] at Breitbart News Network
*[http://www.fakehatecrimes.org/ Fakehatecrimes.org]. A database of reported instances of fake hate crimes.
*[http://www.snopes.com/2016/01/21/6-quick-ways-spot-fake-news/ 6 Quick Ways to Spot Fake News]
*[https://www.amazon.com/Hoaxed-Everything-They-Told-You-ebook/dp/B07FT1GL51 ''Hoaxed: Everything They Told You is a Lie''], by Mike Cernovich, Jon du Toit, and Scooter Downey, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/12/27/blue-state-blues-a-decade-of-fake-news/ Blue State Blues: A Decade of Fake News], by Joel B. Pollak

[[Category:Fake News|*]]
[[Category:Leftists]]
[[Category:Liberal Deceit]]
[[Category:Liberal Bias]]
[[Category:Liberal Falsehoods]]
[[Category:Political Media]]
[[Category:Political Terms]]
[[Category:2010s]]
[[Category:Conspiracy Theory]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

Fake news

2020-03-21T21:45:33Z

William Clifton: /* Reputable/verifiable sources */ Added Sky News Australia under a list of media owned by Rupert Murdoch

[[File:Nyt-coronavirus-wuhan-0206202.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Fake news in American media: Chinese Communists claim that reporting the Wuhan Coronavirus is "racist".<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/03/16/the-atlantic-must-stop-covering-for-the-chinese-communist-party/</ref>]]
'''"Fake news"''' refers to liberal bias in the media that is so misleading that it is actually false. It can also include assertions of a non-political nature that seem believable but are untrue. It often incorporates the use of questionable or unnamed (and most often, non-existent) "anonymous sources" that present one or more of the following characteristics: extreme bias, consistent promotion of propaganda/conspiracies, poor or no sourcing to credible information, or a complete lack of transparency.<ref name="mediabiasfactcheck.com">Questionable Sources, https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/fake-news/</ref>

[[Hollywood]] fake news is in the form of "docudramas" that mix factual content with falsehoods such that viewers are misled into thinking that the falsehoods are true, as in the upcoming [[Mrs. America]] miniseries. [[mainstream media|Mainstream]] fake news has [[liberal bias]] that goes beyond reporting of facts and commentary; it can take the form of headlining a manufactured crisis to obscure real news in the daily news cycle. [[Clickbait]], a sensational headline with a body of reporting based on half-truths designed to lure a reader into a commercial website, is another form of fake news.

The motive of fake news is to manipulate public opinion using false reporting and [[bias]] for the purpose of profit or influence.<ref name="mediabiasfactcheck.com"/> It can be sourced by anonymous government [[leak]]ers or political operatives, or entirely fictional. The motive can be as simple as [[confirmation bias]] – pandering to an ideological viewership to distribute talking points or maintain ratings.

Examples of major mainstream fake news stories in the recent past are:
*The leftwing Chinese Communist Party claim that the Chinese coronavirus originated in the [[United States]] and reporting the Wuhan coronavirus is "[[racist]]".
*The "hoax" hoax: Both ''Politico'' and MSNBC claimed that President Trump called the [[coronavirus]] a hoax.
*That President Trump's [[national security]] and public health travel bans are "racist".
*In ten debate appearances, [[Elizabeth Warren]] was never asked once about her false claims of [[Native American]] heritage.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/06/warren-went-all-10-debates-without-one-question-about-her-native-american-claims-894450</ref>
*[[Pete Buttigieg]] won the 2020 [[Iowa Caucus]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFAQyZq0NqfCwVkRQoXpx0A/videos</ref>
*Bernie Sanders said "a woman can never be president." CNN manufactured that hit on Sanders then used it as a debate question a few days later.
*There is no "second whistleblower" for the same reason there was no first: (a) The President is not a member of the [[intelligence community]], (b) is not subject to oversight by the intelligence community inspector general, (c) his actions do not concern “the funding, administration, or operation of an intelligence activity", (d) and do not arise in connection with any such intelligence activity at all."<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m70C6N1Y8Ko</ref>
*As the [[impeachment inquiry]] was ginned up, both the ''Washington Post'' and [[Lawfare]]blog's [[Ukrainian collusion]] timelines claim that [[Hunter Biden]] joined [[Burisma]] in May 2014, whereas Burisima's own website and ''Deutsche Welle''<ref>https://archive.is/LqxDr/</ref><ref>http://www.dw.com/en/who-are-hunter-bidens-ukrainian-bosses/a-17642254</ref><ref>https://archive.is/Aza4U</ref><ref>https://archive.is/IDha1</ref> reported that Hunter Biden's hiring was just four days prior to Vice President Biden's pledging $50 million in U.S. taxpayer provided funds to Ukraine.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/joe-biden-obama-officials-influenced-ukraine-to-advance-own-interests_2896259.html</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/23/world/europe/biden-ukraine.html</ref> Democrats issued [[phoney subpoena]]s to build an impeachment case.
*By precedent, Congress must have a floor vote to authorize an [[impeachment inquiry]]. [[Speaker Nancy Pelosi]] announced an "impeachment inquiry" with no floor vote; and media reported it as a duly authorized inquiry.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2019/09/24/speaker-pelosi-bamboozles-base-by-announcing-enhanced-continuation-of-status-quo/</ref> The unprecedented change in House Rules results in excluding Republicans from cross examining witnesses in drafting [[Articles of Impeachment]].
*The hostile opinionated misrepresentation and speculation of President Trump's intentions for celebrating the July 4th, 2019 holiday with a military parade and fireworks display in Washington DC as an occasion for self-aggrandizement, before the events occurred.<ref>Jonathan Bernstein | Bloomberg, How Is Trump’s Parade Offensive? Let Me Count the Ways, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-07-03/trump-military-parade-betrays-american-values-on-fourth-of-july, July 3, 2019</ref> Mr. Trump planned and delivered festivities as a "Salute to America" to honor the U.S. military, prominent Americans and American accomplishments of the past 243 years.<ref>Ryan W Miller | ''USA Today'', Tanks, military vehicles take over DC's streets before Trump's 4th of July celebration, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/07/03/4th-july-donald-trump-military-parade-tanks-seen-washington-dc/1637384001/, July 3, 2019</ref>
*the [[liberal media]] widely reported that actor [[Jussie Smollett]] was a victim of a [[hate crime]] when it subsequently appeared to have been a hoax;
*that a high school student wearing a pro-[[Trump]] Make America Great Again hat at the [[March for Life]] somehow "acted improperly" when he stood smiling while a professional protestor persistently beat a drum in his face;<ref>http://wbsm.com/media-sells-soul-for-nathan-phillips-opinion/</ref>
*calling the "Washington's Birthday" holiday the made-up name "Presidents' Day," which it never was under federal law;
*the deliberate manipulation of [[President Trump]]'s live [[Oval Office]] broadcast by a local [[Fox Network|Fox]] affiliate editor/technician;<ref>https://youtu.be/UZLs11uSg-A</ref>
*the uncorroborated, obscene sexual allegation published by ''[[The New Yorker]]'' as part of the [[Kavanaugh smear]];
*the panic reporting for several days prior to the [[2018 Midterm elections]] that a dozen fake bombs mailed to prominent [[Democrat]]s were real;<ref>Officials had determined within two hours, and the ''[[Associated Press]]'' reported that the alleged bombs were fake, however days later most prominent mainstream sources continued to allege the packages contained real bombs.</ref>
*the ''[[New York Times]]'' story that the investigation of President Trump began after [[James Comey]] was fired and not in the Spring of 2016.
*On the day documents were released verifying that the late Sen. [[John McCain]] was a major player in the [[coup]] plot against President Trump,<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/deposition-reveals-late-senator-mccains-role-in-spygate-scandal_2840198.html?ref=brief_News</ref> the MSM reported Trump's reaction as if it were some petty vendetta related to McCain's POW status or McCain's vote to save [[Obamacare]].
*Fake news media adopted the talking points of the [[totalitarian]] [[Chinese Communist Party]] against the [[Hong Kong]] [[democracy]] movement.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html</ref>

Political fake news is designed to push an agenda, typically the [[liberal]] one. Non-political clickbait is designed to attract internet traffic, attention, or sales. Clickbait websites often lack known publishers hindering lawsuits against them for [[libel]] or [[slander]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/05/opinions/suing-fake-news-not-so-fast-callan/index.html|title=Sue over fake news? Not so fast|last=Callan|first=Paul|website=CNN|accessdate=April 6, 2017}}</ref> In many cases, clickbait websites resolve to [[IP address]]es located outside the United States.
[[File:Wapo-bernie-is-russian-asset.jpg|right|350px|thumb|[[Russia 3.0|Russiagate 3.0]] was formally announced by the [[media-intelligence complex]] on February 21, 2020.]]
==2020 Presidential election==
[[File:CNN fake news.PNG|right|300px|thumb|CNN claimed Amb. Sondland implicated President Trump in a bribery scheme and ''quid pro quo'' when President Trump in fact did not.]]
:{{See also|2020 Presidential election|Fake news in the 2020 presidential election|Russia 3.0}}
*After the failure of the Mueller Report, ''The New York Times'' founded [[The 1619 Project]] in August 2019 to serve the Democratic party's objective of painting Donald Trump as a racist as a key issue for the 2020 presidential election. The 1619 Project claims that the United States was founded in the year 1619 A.D. on the basis of racism.
*NBC News falsely reported that the Trump campaign attacked [[The Squad]] saying "This is our country, not theirs".<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzHWjcNapnQ</ref>
*ABC News had to walk back claims it made abut President Trump in the [[Biden-Ukraine collusion scandal]].<ref>https://freebeacon.com/politics/abcs-bombshell-ukraine-story-falls-apart/</ref>
*[[CBS News]] reporter Caitlan Hurley-Burns and other "independent" [[mainstream media]] [[journalist]]s accompanied Sen. [[Kamala Harris]] to a boutique and helped her pick out a rainbow jacket.<ref>https://twitter.com/brithume/status/1096821175701983233</ref> CNN was again caught flipping poll results for Elizabeth Warren and [[Bernie Sanders]] in the early primary state of [[New Hampshire]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny9NLAsp8yo&feature=youtu.be</ref>
*''[[The LA Times]]'' reported that [[Pete Buttigieg]] blamed Barack Obama for the election of Donald Trump.
{{cquote|My message is not about going back to where we were,” he said.

For a lot of people, “‘normal’ has been a real problem for a very long time, and I think the failures of the Obama era help explain how we got Trump.<ref>https://archive.is/5vXG0</ref>}}
[[File:Steponallofus.png|right|300px|thumb|ABC News Anchor [[George Stephanopoulos]] caught on air signaling to cut off Trump attorney Jay Sekulow during an impeachment sham trial break.<ref>https://thepoliticalinsider.com/abc-news-george-stephanopoulos-makes-throat-slitting-gesture-on-camera-to-cut-away-from-trump-lawyer/</ref>]]
:The news set [[Twitter]] afire. Within hours the ''LA Times'' censored the itself and altered the quote.
*MSNBC aided Mayor [[Pete Buttigieg]] based on his [[white privilege]] when the [[racist]] reporting at MSNBC consistently snubbed [[Andrew Yang]], an Asian American, to help Buttigieg surge in early 2020 presidential primary polling of [[Iowa]].<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2019/11/18/msnbc-excludes-andrew-yang-from-media-coverage-despite-polling-above-other-candidates/</ref><ref>https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/464349-yang-hits-back-after-appearing-to-be-left-out-of-cnn-msnbc-fundraising</ref> During the pre-primary debates, MSNBC cut off Yang's microphone.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/06/28/andrew-yang-msnbc-cut-off-my-mic-during-debate-let-other-dems-interject/</ref>
*In ten debate appearances, [[Elizabeth Warren]] was never asked once about her false claims of [[Native American]] heritage.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/06/warren-went-all-10-debates-without-one-question-about-her-native-american-claims-894450</ref>

===Impeachment sham===
:{{Main article|Impeachment sham}}

===Iowa caucus===
''[[Bloomberg News]]'', owned by then-Democrat presidential candidate [[Michael Bloomberg]], tried blaming Trump supporters for the [[Iowa caucus]] fiasco<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zKEipLNGFA</ref> after Democrat insiders stole election results from [[Bernie Sanders]] and attempted to hand a victory to [[Pete Buttigieg]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYQmD39tx3A</ref> Rep. [[Sheila Jackson Lee]] blamed Russia.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/02/06/democrat-congresswoman-blames-iowa-caucus-disaster-on-russia/</ref> The [[Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS), working in coordination with state elections officers, have an existing relationship to ensure computer systems and data collection systems are safe and secure. The DHS reported their offer to review the data system was rebuked by the Iowa Democrat Party.<ref>https://youtu.be/v5hfbALvhMo</ref>

===The 'hoax' hoax===
President Trump referred to Democrats' efforts to politicize the [[coronavirus]] outbreak as their new hoax;<ref>https://www.nysun.com/national/a-sickening-press-tries-to-blame-trump/91035/</ref> liberal media and Democrats immediately and deliberately twisted President Trump's words out of context to fit their narrative by claiming that he called the coronavirus a "hoax".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I08ZZzP53Wg Gutfeld on the media "hoax" hoax] at Fox News YouTube channel</ref>

Politico and MSNBC willingly peddled the Trump "hoax" story,<ref>https://checkyourfact.com/2020/02/29/fact-check-donald-trump-coronavirus-hoax-south-carolina-rally/</ref> as did [[Joe Biden]], [[Michael Bloomberg]], [[Pete Buttigieg]], Rep [[Ted Lieu]], Senate minority leader [[Chuck Schumer]] and former Democrat Virginia governor [[Terry McAuliffe]].<ref>[https://dailycaller.com/2020/03/05/donald-trump-coronavirus-hoax-media-politicians/ Here Are The Politicians And Media Outlets Pushing The Claim That Trump Called The Coronavirus A ‘Hoax’] at the Daily Caller</ref>

As the outbreak progressed in the United States, the anti-Trump mainstream media were more concerned with instilling panic and blaming President Trump than informing the public on critical precautionary measures to avoid unnecessary strains on the healthcare and economic system.

===Chinese propaganda===
The first case of [[COVID-19]] was medically verified in China on December 8, 2019 and first death occurred on December 9. The doctor who reported on the first verified cases posted on [[social media]] was forced to plead guilty to "rumormongering" and disrupting social order in late December 2019. The Beijing central government attempted to hide the outbreak from the people of Wuhan and the world. The [[Chinese Communist Party]] finally admitted publicly that a full blown [[pandemic]] was occurring in Wuhan on January 23, 2020, and the doctor who first warned the public and was convicted of a crime for doing so died on February 4, 2020. Eight hundred million people expressed their condolences on Chinese social media in 24 hours after his death was announced.

To save face for the Communist regime's deliberately incompetent handling of the COVID-19 outbreak in their country, the Chinese foreign ministry falsely accused the [[United States]] of being responsible for the corona virus outbreak.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fg7FwHteB0I</ref> On March 12, 2020 the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman initiated a [[conspiracy theory]] that the US military started the coronavirus in China,<ref> https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1238150527751319575</ref><ref>https://news.trust.org/item/20200312152307-rlv7m</ref> Leftist media in the United States aided Chinese propaganda efforts by calling those who link the virus' origin to China were it originated as "[[racist]]s".<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/13/dems-media-warned-new-narrative-aids-chinas-new-conspiracy-us-military-started-covid-19-896694</ref><ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/15/nbc-news-ny-times-running-chinese-propaganda-criticizing-us-erick-erickson-points-out-897729</ref>

==2016 Presidential election==
:{{main|Mainstream media and Donald Trump}}
In the synergy between the U.S. intelligence apparatus and their media agents, the CIA, DOJ and State Department have specific outlets assigned to public relations.

A long-tracked pattern reflects the DOJ and FBI leak their PR needs to the ''New York Times''. The preferred outlet for the U.S. State Department is CNN; and the ''Washington Pos''t generally comes out first with leaks in defense of the CIA agenda. This pattern has been remarkably consistent for years.

===Trump-Russia collusion hoax===
[[File:Mifsud with Boris Johnson.jpeg|right|350px|thumb|'''FBI / CIA spy [[Joseph Mifsud]] (left) with [[UK]] prime minister [[Boris Johnson]] (center)''' two weeks after [[George Papadopoulos]]' plea agreement in the [[Mueller investigation]].<ref>https://www.politico.eu/article/boris-johnson-pictured-with-london-professor-from-fbi-russia-probe/amp/</ref> The entire Trump-Russia conspiracy hoax was hatched by [[Obama administration|Obama]] CIA director [[John Brennan]] on the false allegation that Mifsud was a Russian agent. Mifsud had been working for Brennan and [[Jimmy the Weasel]] Comey all along.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUZ8XI_ncas Why the Mifsud Story Matters], DECLASSIFIED with Gina Shakespeare,- ''The Epoch Times'', Aug 5, 2019.</ref>]]
It has been confirmed that many fake news sites were actually created and managed by liberal Democrats ("false flag" operations) who support [[Hillary Clinton]] and oppose [[Donald Trump]] who engage in their [[Deceit|deception]] in an attempt to discredit conservatives and Trump.<ref name="NPR"/><ref>Dewey, Caitlin (November 17, 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2016/11/17/facebook-fake-news-writer-i-think-donald-trump-is-in-the-white-house-because-of-me/?utm_term=.b3656316a9a1 Facebook fake-news writer: ‘I think Donald Trump is in the White House because of me’]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> One of them, Jestin Coler, a Democrat and Clinton supporter who owns the company Disinfomedia, runs several fake news sites that create "conservative" fake news stories.<ref name="NPR">Sydell, Laura (November 23, 2016). "[https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/23/503146770/npr-finds-the-head-of-a-covert-fake-news-operation-in-the-suburbs We Tracked Down A Fake-News Creator In The Suburbs. Here's What We Learned]." ''NPR''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref>

A topic of fake news stories after the 2016 election was whether there was violence between Trump supporters and opponents. After the 2016 election, several violent and disturbing anti-Trump attacks occurred throughout the nation against Trump supporters or supposed Trump supporters. Despite these attacks, liberals and leftists only focused on alleged "attacks" by Trump supporters against minorities and others (the leftist narrative, although being blatantly false and one-sided, fits their manufactured narrative that Trump supporters are "racist" and "evil" and that leftists are "tolerant" and "forgiving"). Fox News found that despite the number of real anti-Trump attacks which went largely unreported, several of the "pro-Trump" attacks were hoaxes.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/05/facebook-live-attack-latest-in-string-anti-trump-assaults.html Facebook Live attack the latest in string of anti-Trump assaults]. ''Fox News''. January 5, 2017. Retrieved January 8, 2017.</ref>

One widely shared fake story, spread by the mainstream media, that Trump's election had led to a rise in anti-Semitism by white supremcists—it turned out that bomb threats at a synagogue were actually carried out by "an African-American left-wing journalist" and a "Jewish teenager in Israel, with dual citizenship in the U.S."<ref>Pollak, Joel (March 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/29/fake-news-donald-trump-antisemitism-vindicated/ Donald Trump Vindicated: Antisemitism Surge ‘Fake News’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 29, 2017.</ref>

Following the 2016 election in which Trump won, [[liberals]], the [[mainstream media]], and [[social media]] had misapplied the term "fake news" to make the false accusation that [[Alternative Media|alternative news]] and Russian sources are "deliberately lying" to their readers, listeners, and viewers, and that these "lies" helped elect [[Donald Trump]] [[President of the United States]]. The liberal-pushed "fake news" accusations are a form of [[conspiracy theory]]. However, the [[mainstream media]] itself publishes and promotes fake news stories,<ref>Heinlein, Peter (May 30, 2017). [https://www.voanews.com/a/donald-trump-frustrated-fake-news-overlooks-accomplishments/3878266.html Trump Frustrated by 'Fake News' That Overlooks His Accomplishments]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved June 26, 2017.</ref> from appearing in its nightly network newscasts, on its cable news channels, in its newspapers and on its websites (including Facebook). The MSM has allegedly been adopting safeguards to prevent itself from reporting fake news stories,<ref name="Tech Crunch"/><ref name="Barron"/> but it has been unsuccessful based on more recent examples.

====Russia hacked the DNC====
The Mueller probe provided no evidence that Russia hacked the DNC. In fact, Special Counsel Robert Mueller was threatened with contempt of court by federal Dc district court Dabney Friedrich for making public statements that the government of Russia was involved in so-called "Russian meddling" in the 2016 elections.

No evidence has ever been presented the Russians, Russian entities, or the Russian government ever hacked, or attempted to hack, the servers of the [[Democratic National Committee]]. Russians did, however, make failed efforts to hack into the voter rolls of state election boards, notably those maintained by [[Georgia]] Secretary of State [[Brian Kemp]]. The Obama White House, however, at the direction of [[Susan Rice]] and others, conflated the issue of Russian attempted hacking of state election boards with the release of DNC emails by [[WikiLeaks]].

Disgraced FBI director [[James Comey]] testified to Congress that the [[FBI]] never examined DNC servers to determine if they had indeed been hacked, and by who. Evidence suggests the public disclosure of [[John Podesta]], [[Debbie Wasserman Schultz]], and other Democratic operatives' emails came from an inside [[whistleblower]] source. Some speculate the inside [[leak]]er was [[Seth Rich]], whose murder, like the DNC breach itself, was never fully investigated. The fake news narrative of "Russia hacked the DNC," was coined by [[CrowdStrike|a private security firm hired by the DNC]] after the security breach was discovered.

The only known evidence that exists points to an inside leaker, who downloaded the DNC emails on a flash drive and likely forwarded them to WikiLeaks.

====Russia and James Comey====
[[File:DgKWrfIVMAANg8k.jpeg|right|300px|thumb]]
Former FBI Director [[James Comey]], during his testimony to Congress, debunked two fake news stories on ''The New York Times''<ref>Scarborough, Rowan (June 8, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/8/james-comey-debunks-new-york-times-story-fueled-un/ James Comey debunks New York Times story that fueled unproven Trump-Russia collusion]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> and CNN,<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (June 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/07/james-comey-testimony-proves-trump-right-cnn-wrong/ James Comey Testimony Proves Trump Right, CNN Wrong]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> respectively.

After several inaccuracies and flaws were found in a [[CNN]] article that attacked Trump and his allies over a Russia fund, CNN retracted the article.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/23/very-fake-news-after-breitbart-investigation-cnn-retracts-conspiracy-theory-hit-piece-attacking-trump-associates-over-russian-fund/ Very Fake News: After Breitbart Investigation, CNN Retracts Conspiracy Theory Hit Piece Attacking Trump, Associates Over Russian Fund]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref><ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 24, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/24/cnn-under-fire-very-fake-news-network-hit-from-all-sides-as-breitbart-investigation-forces-rare-retraction/ CNN Under Fire: ‘Very Fake News’ Network Hit from All Sides as Breitbart Investigation Forces Rare Retraction]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.</ref> Three CNN employees resigned due to the resulting scandal.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/26/three-employees-resign-from-cnn-amid-very-fake-news-scandal/ Three Employees Resign from CNN Amid Very Fake News Scandal]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</ref><ref>Adams, Becket (June 26, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/three-cnn-staffers-quit-over-retracted-story/article/2627155 Three CNN staffers quit over retracted story]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</ref>

ABC News ran a banner headline claiming [[Paul Manafort]] pled guilty to five counts of [[manslaughter]].

''The Washington Post'' falsely reported in August 2018 that the Trump Administration was denying passports to Hispanic Americans along the border with Mexico,<ref>Multiple references:
*Munro, Neil (August 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/08/30/state-dept-slams-wapo-claim-texas-latinos-are-being-denied-passports/ State Dept. Slams WaPo Claim Texas Latinos Are Being Denied Passports]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Munro, Neil (September 17, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/17/huffpo-whacks-washpo-for-claiming-trump-blocks-latino-passports/ Washington Post Busted for Fake News of Trump Admin ‘Denying Passports’ to Latinos]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (September 17, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/the-washington-posts-scoop-on-trump-revoking-visas-at-the-border-it-was-a-pile-of-garbage The Washington Post's 'scoop' on Trump revoking visas at the border — it was a pile of garbage]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref><ref name="NYTWaPoFake">Stoltzfoos, Rachel (September 18, 2018). [https://thefederalist.com/2018/09/18/legacy-outlets-add-two-botched-hit-pieces-pile-stinky-reporting-trump/ Legacy Outlets Add Two More Botched Hit Pieces To A Pile Of Stinky Reporting On Trump]. ''The Federalist''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref> and ''The New York Times'' falsely reported in September 2018 that UN Ambassador [[Nikki Haley]] spent $53,000 on curtains when they actually were approved during the Obama Administration.<ref name="NYTWaPoFake"/><ref>Multiple references:
*Flood, Brian (September 14, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/09/14/new-york-times-admits-creating-unfair-impression-about-nikki-haleys-53g-curtains-that-were-okd-by-obama-administration.html New York Times admits creating 'unfair impression' about Nikki Haley's $53G curtains that were OK'd by Obama administration]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Nolte, John (September 14, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/09/14/new-york-times-spreads-fake-news-about-nikki-haleys-52701-curtains/ New York Times Spreads Fake News About Nikki Haley’s $52,701 Curtains]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref>

====Transition and Presidency====
::{{See also|Trump Transition}}
At his first press conference as president-elect, [[Donald Trump]] described [[CNN]] as "fake news." Since becoming president, Trump has accused major news organizations with "fake news" and "very fake news." On February 17, 2017, Trump tweeted:<ref>Greenwood, Mark (February 17, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/320168-trump-the-media-is-the-enemy-of-the-american-people Trump tweets: The media is the 'enemy of the American people']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved February 27, 2017.</ref>
{{cquote|The FAKE NEWS media (failing @nytimes, @NBCNews, @ABC, @CBS, @CNN) is not my enemy, it is the enemy of the American People!}}
On November 27, 2017, President Trump tweeted:<ref>Spiering, Charlie (November 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/27/trump-proposes-fake-news-trophy-tv-networks-cnn/ Donald Trump Proposes ‘Fake News Trophy’ for TV Networks and CNN]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Fabian, Jordan (November 27, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/361932-trump-media-should-compete-for-fake-news-trophy Trump: Media should compete for 'FAKE NEWS TROPHY']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 28, 2017.</ref>
{{cquote|We should have a contest as to which of the Networks, plus CNN and not including Fox, is the most dishonest, corrupt and/or distorted in its political coverage of your favorite President (me). They are all bad. Winner to receive the FAKE NEWS TROPHY!}}
''The Washington Post'' reported in June 2017 of a meeting held between President Trump and [[Federal Communications Commission]] Chairman [[Ajit Pai]] that never occurred.<ref>Moran, Sean (June 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/23/fake-news-washington-post-invents-meeting-between-fcc-chair-ajit-pai-and-president-trump/ Fake News: Washington Post Invents Meeting Between FCC Chair Ajit Pai and President Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref>

Also in June 2017, ''The New York Times'' falsely stated that 17 U.S. intelligence agencies agreed with an assessment that Russia made hacks into the 2016 presidential election – the actual number was four, with one dissenting from the report's conclusions.<ref>Mason, Ian (June 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/30/nyt-turns-out-17-intelligence-agencies-was-fake-news/ New York Times: Turns Out ‘17 Intelligence Agencies’ Was Fake News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref> The Associated Press reported, and retracted, the same falsehood.<ref>Klein, Aaron (July 1, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/07/01/fake-news-associated-press-clarifies-17-intel-agencies-did-not-assess-alleged-russia-interference/ Fake News: Associated Press Clarifies 17 U.S. Intel Agencies Did Not Assess Russia ‘Interference’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref> Obama Administration [[Director of National Intelligence]] confirmed that "the report itself makes it clear that it was the three agencies plus the Office of the Director of National Intelligence that put this intelligence community assessment together."<ref>Poor, Jeff (July 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2017/07/07/fmr-obama-dni-clapper-3-4-intelligence-agencies-agreed-russian-interference-wasnt-17/ Fmr Obama DNI Clapper: Only 3 or 4 Intelligence Agencies Agreed on Russian Interference — ‘It Wasn’t 17’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 7, 2017.</ref>

In May 2018, left-wing activists and some members of the mainstream media, such as New York Times Magazine editor-in-chief Jake Silverstein and NPR, shared pictures of detained illegal immigrant children sleeping in cages and blamed the Trump Administration for it despite those pictures having been taken during the Obama Administration.<ref>Multiple references:
*Flood, Brian (May 29, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/05/29/embarrassment-for-new-york-times-as-top-editor-falls-for-old-photo-amid-weekend-misleading-anti-trump-tweets.html Embarrassment for New York Times as top editor falls for old photo amid weekend of misleading anti-Trump tweets]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
*Starr, Penny (May 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/05/30/aclu-npr-use-2014-claims-to-trash-trump-policy/ ACLU, NPR Use 2014 Immigration Claims to Trash Trump Policy]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
*Mikelionis, Lukas (May 28, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/05/28/former-obama-official-liberal-activists-share-2014-photos-from-detention-facility-as-swipe-at-trump.html Former Obama official, liberal activists share 2014 photos from detention facility as swipe at Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
*Spiering, Charlie (May 29, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/05/29/donald-trump-rips-democrats-for-tweeting-border-pictures-from-2014/ Donald Trump Rips Democrats for Tweeting Border Pictures from 2014]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.</ref> An Associated Press report discussing alleged abuse at an illegal immigrant detention center left out the fact that Obama was president when the abuse happened.<ref>Scarry, Eddie (June 21, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/ap-report-on-alleged-illegal-immigrant-abuse-at-detention-centers-omits-obama-was-president-at-time AP report on alleged illegal immigrant abuse at detention centers omits Obama was president at time]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 21, 2018.</ref> Other media sources have published fake news about President Trump's immigration policies.<ref>Binder, John (June 1, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/06/01/establishment-media-issues-four-corrections-after-falsely-claiming-trump-separating-families-at-border/ Establishment Media Issues Four Corrections After Falsely Claiming Trump Separating Families at Border]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 2, 2018.</ref><ref>Nolte, John (July 9, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/07/09/associated-press-becomes-fake-news-factory-with-immigration-lies/ Associated Press Becomes Fake News Factory with Immigration Lies]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 9, 2018.</ref>

When President Trump criticized liberal environmental idiocy and forest management for failure to clean up fallen dead wood which provided the fuel for deadly California wildfires,<ref>https://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/editorials/article216320500.html</ref> mainstream fake news organizations reported it as if the President was criticizing firefighters.<ref>https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/11/11/politics/california-wildfires-trump-tweets/index.html</ref> CNN reported the bald face lies that the President had "attacked firefighters" and was "threatening to withhold aid to the victims."

In June 2019, while attending the G-20 summit in OSAKA, Japan, President Trump and [[Vladimir Putin]] briefly discussed Fake News. President Trump offered disdain for the assembled media, during a meeting between the two nation leaders. This occurred shortly after Putin had celebrated the rise of the populist right in Europe and the United States and that, in his opinion, traditional "Western-style" liberalism had "become obsolete.” Trump stated, “Fake news is a great term, isn’t it? You don’t have this problem in Russia, but we do.” However Putin insisted in English, "We also have, It’s the same." When Mr. Trump was then asked by a news ''reporter'' if he would tell Russia not to meddle in American elections, Trump responded, “Yes, of course I will.” Mr. Trump then turned to Mr. Putin and said, "Don’t meddle in the election, President." Mr. Trump then pointed at another Russian official and repeated, “Don’t meddle in the election.” <ref>Peter Baker and Michael Crowley | ''New York Times'', Trump and Putin Share Joke About Election Meddling, Sparking New Furor, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/28/us/politics/trump-putin-election.html, June 28, 2019</ref> The follow up media coverage of the light-hearted warning Mr. Trump made to Mr. Putin resulted in claiming Trump is a national security risk and that he had "triggered a fresh furor over his accommodating approach to Russia."

In July 2019, Speaker [[Nancy Pelosi]] violated House Rules in a failed attempt to pass a House Resolution condemning President Trump for alleged "racist" tweets. Mainstream fake news sources used the events to categorically refer to President Trump's "racist attacks."

===Crisis on the border===
In January 2019 President Trump made a nationally televised address from the Oval Office to request funding from the Democratically controlled House for the growing humanitarian crisis on the Southern border.<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/president-trump/trump-makes-humanitarian-case-for-wall-calling-border-situation-%E2%80%98a-crisis-of-the-soul%E2%80%99/ar-BBRZJlh</ref> Democrats and the [[mainstream media]] called it a "manufactured crisis,"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8K8dwSt1hog&feature=youtu.be</ref> denying such a crisis existed.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2019/07/03/x-times-the-media-said-there-was-no-crisis-at-the-southern-border/</ref> After a photo of the bodies of a father and his 23 month old daughter who drowned in the [[Rio Grande]] river trying to enter the United States illegally was widely published,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PxNj4_mEVg</ref> some Democrats, most notably [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]], falsely charged the U.S. with maintaining "[[concentration camp]]s" on the Southern border since the Obama era,<ref>https://www.ushmm.org/information/press/press-releases/statement-regarding-the-museums-position-on-holocaust-analogies</ref><ref>Walter Shaub was the Obama era director of the United States Office of Government Ethics, now Senior Director of the election law organization Campaign Legal Center. https://archive.fo/tMEu5</ref> forcing migrants to drink toilet water,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q48Ch_6kU5A</ref><ref>https://www.businessinsider.in/photo-shows-hybrid-of-toilet-and-drinking-fountain-in-migrant-detention-centers-where-women-allegedly-had-to-drink-from-the-bowl/articleshow/70041097.cms</ref> and then voted ''against'' bills to provide funding for humanitarian relief.<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2019/06/28/ocasio-cortez-senate-mcconnell-house-border-bill-tapper/</ref>

==Other examples of fake news==
While many examples of fake news appeared during Donald Trump's presidency, the problem existed long before his election.<ref>Miller, S.A. (December 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/dec/30/donald-trumps-fake-news-call-often-real/ 'Fake news' a real problem long before Trump era, media watchdogs say]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2018.</ref>

One of the more infamous examples of fake news was when former CBS News anchor [[Dan Rather]] used forgeries of the Killian Documents on George W. Bush's service record in order to sway the 2004 election, which resulted in his firing after being exposed. See [[Rathergate]] for more details.

[[File:Rice Benghazi.jpg|right|350px|thumb|Obama National Security Advisor Susan Rice putting out the fake news narrative that a planned terrorist attack and massacre of Americans was only a spontaneous riot spawned out of a peaceful demonstration.]]
Obama National Security Advisor [[Susan Rice]] appeared on the five major network Sunday talk shows to put out an official fake news narrative that a [[terrorist]] attack against Americans two months before a presidential election was only a peaceful demonstration that turned into a riot. Despite evidence the contrary, many mainstream news organizations adopted the fake news narrative as fact for its viewers and readers and branded skeptics as conspiracy theorists and racists who opposed a black president.

The most common example of fake news is the "click bait" ads that appear on social media sites saying "Hollywood prepares to say good-bye to [name of celebrity]" implying that the celebrity has just died. People then click on the ad to visit a website to learn about the celebrity's death, which boosts the number of page views on that site. However, the fake news will trend if more people start re-tweeting or sharing the item without visiting the underlying website in the belief that the celebrity has just died.

Fake news is frequently used by radical Islamic terrorists to recruit new adherents. The terrorists will either create or embellish fake news accounts of anti-Islamic acts to radicalize members in target populations. For example, terrorists would spread news accounts of people urinating on the Koran at U.S. military prisons. Another fake news item was that a U.S. company was hiring mercenaries to kill ISIS militants.<ref name=snopes/> Again, the emotional impact of the fake news assured that it would spread quickly through social media.

According to FBI cyber experts, during the 2016 presidential election, Russians used armies of Twitter bots to spread fake news using accounts that seem to be Midwestern swing-voter Republicans.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/04/03/522503844/how-russian-twitter-bots-pumped-out-fake-news-during-the-2016-election|title=How Russian Twitter Bots Pumped Out Fake News During The 2016 Election|date=April 3, 2017|work=NPR|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref> Leading up to the March 15, 2017 election in the Netherlands, Russia was found to use social media to spread "fake news" to influence public opinion.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-spread-fake-news-during-dutch-election-report-putin/|title=Russia spread fake news during Dutch election: report|date=April 4, 2017|work=Politico|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref>

One possible example of fake news was the announcement by the [[mainstream media]] that [[Fidel Castro]] died at age 90 on November 25, 2016.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2016/11/26/americas/fidel-castro-obit/</ref> In fact, the [[Obama Administration]] and major news outlets were likely aware that Castro had died of a terminal illness many years earlier. Indeed, [[Obama]] did not even mention, let alone visit, Castro during Obama's visit to Cuba in March 2016, and neither the president, vice-president, or other high-ranking elected official of the United States attended Castro's "funeral".

One fake news item from ''Freedom Daily'' in February 2017 was: "BREAKING: Federal Judge Just Officially Ruled CNN Is FAKE NEWS And Forces SHOCKING Punishment On Them!" However, this was a misreporting of a Georgia federal district court judge denying CNN's motion for summary judgment in a defamation action filed by a hospital executive against CNN. No "shocking punishment" was involved and the case will go to trial on the merits.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/cnn-fake-news/|title=Did a Judge Rule That CNN Is 'Fake News'?|date=Feb 17, 2017|accessdate=April 5, 2017|work=Snopes}}</ref>

A poorly-sourced February 4 ''Washington Post'' article claimed a feud existed between DHS Secretary [[John F. Kelly]] and [[Steve Bannon]], when in fact, none existed. The article's author was forced to admit his error.<ref>Hayward, John (February 8, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/02/08/fake-news-dhs-secretary-calls-wapo-john-kelly-steve-bannon-feud-a-fantasy-story/ Fake News: DHS Secretary Calls WaPo ‘John Kelly-Steve Bannon Feud’ a ‘Fantasy Story’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 18, 2017.</ref> In June 2017, the [[Associated Press]] reported, and later corrected, a story that EPA Administrator [[Scott Pruitt]] met with Dow Chemical CEO Andrew Liveris – something which did not actually happen.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/30/fake-news-associated-press-engulfed-in-cnn-level-scandal-as-it-covers-up-invention-of-imaginary-pruitt-meeting/ Fake News: Associated Press Engulfed in CNN-Level Scandal as It Covers Up Invention of Imaginary Pruitt Meeting]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref>

In November 2017, ''The Washington Post'' claimed that the conservative [[Breitbart News]] created the nickname "Mr. Perfect" when referring to [[Jared Kushner]], while in reality, Kushner's own companies created the nickname to promote themselves in China.<ref>Mason, Ian (November 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/27/wapo-forgets-kushners-came-up-with-mr-perfect-on-their-own/ WaPo Forgets Kushners Came Up with ‘Mr. Perfect’ on Their Own]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2017.</ref> Also in November 2017, [[MSNBC]]'s ''Morning Joe'' show was caught broadcasting a pre-taped post-Thanksgiving show while pretending on air to be broadcasting live.<ref>Rodriguez, Katherine (November 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/11/26/fake-news-morning-joe-caught-pretending-pre-taped-day-thanksgiving-show-live/ Fake News: Morning Joe Caught Pretending Pre-Taped Day After Thanksgiving Show Was Live]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2017.</ref>

In April 2018, the Associated Press and ''The Washington Post'' falsely claimed that the NRA decided to ban concealed carry at an upcoming speech by Vice President [[Mike Pence]] at its convention, when it was actually the Secret Service that forced the organization to do so.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hawkins, Awr (April 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/04/30/fake-news-ap-wapo-claim-nra-bans-guns-at-mike-pence-speech/ Fake News: AP, WaPo Claim NRA Bans Guns at Mike Pence Speech]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
*Adelmann, Bob (May 1, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/28948-more-fake-news-nra-bans-guns-at-its-own-convention More Fake News: NRA Bans Guns at Its Own Convention!] ''The New American''. Retrieved May 1, 2018.
*Richardson, Bradford (April 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/30/associated-press-issues-correction-report-nra-bann/ AP issues correction on report that NRA banned guns for Mike Pence speech]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
*Concha, Joe (April 30, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/385563-ap-corrects-earlier-report-that-nra-banned-guns-at-pence-speech AP corrects earlier report that NRA banned guns at Pence speech]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.</ref>

In June 2019, ''MSNBC'' news anchor [[Kasie Hunt]] spread the Fake News narrative that 2020 Democratic Presidential candidate [[Joe Biden]] mentioned being able to work with [[Segregationists]] who were misidentified as "Republicans". Joe Biden did specifically name two segregationist Senators: James Eastland of [[Mississippi]] and Herman Talmadge of [[Georgia]]. However, both men were "proud, card-carrying members of the Democrat Party".<ref>Kasie Hunt Spreads Fake News Biden’s Segregationist Pals Were ‘Republicans’, https://www.teaparty.org/kasie-hunt-spreads-fake-news-bidens-segregationist-pals-were-republicans-368762/, June 19, 2019</ref><ref>U.S. Breaking News, Kasie Hunt Spreads Fake News Biden’s Segregationist Pals Were ‘Republicans’, https://usbreakingnews.net/2019/06/20/kasie-hunt-spreads-fake-news-bidens-segregationist-pals-were-republicans/, June 20, 2019</ref>

While a relatively unimportant example, many media outlets reported December 31, 2019, as the last day of the decade when 2020 was also part of the same decade.<ref>Byas, Steve (January 1, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/item/34492-end-of-decade-stories-illustrate-how-media-perpetuates-false-narratives “End of Decade” Stories Illustrate How Media Perpetuates False Narratives]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.</ref>

=== CNN's promotion of fake news ===
[[File:Ralph Northam (D-VA) in blackface.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Democrat shill [[Don Lemon]] (left); Democratic Governor Ralph Northam (in blackface) (right).]]
In first half of 2017, [[CNN]]'s market share relative to its competitors saw a marked decline.<ref>[http://www.dailywire.com/news/18088/death-spiral-along-its-credibility-cnn-ratings-john-nolte Death Spiral: Along With Its Credibility, CNN Ratings Collapse], Daily Wire, 2017.</ref> In addition, it faced repeated losses of its credibility through its lapses of journalistic judgment and ethical lapses.<ref>
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FpMb6dATfo CNN faces credibility crisis over Trump coverage]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-X2jG5hdl4 Tucker: When did CNN become internet morality police?]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WOOYIa-sOB4 CNN IS FAKE NEWS] by Stefan Molyneux
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjkdfdFbeFk The news keeps getting worse for CNN as #CNNBlackmail trends]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCewpjd2Yfc CNN Threatens Reddit User For Exercising Free Speech | #CNNBlackmail]
</ref> President [[Donald Trump]] publicly says CNN produces "fake news" and he also told a CNN reporter that CNN produces "very fake news".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-7nkj26edA Trump to CNN: "Very Fake News"]</ref> Subsequently, CNN has been derided as being "FNN: Fake News Network".<ref>[https://insider.foxnews.com/2017/06/27/president-trump-blasts-cnn-retracted-russia-story-fake-news 'Fake News Network': Trump Blasts CNN for Retracted Russia Story], Fox News Network</ref>

In May 2017, a CNN program claimed that [[Islam]] "has always been part of the American fabric" even as far back as the American Revolution, despite the apparent contradiction with the historical record.<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (May 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/05/29/cnns-crusade-declare-islam-part-americas-founding/ CNN’s W. Kamau Bell: Islam Part of America’s Founding]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 29, 2017.</ref>

On March 28, 2018, CNN anchor Chris Cuomo falsely claimed that "no one [is] calling for Second Amendment repeal", even though, former Supreme Court Justice [[John Paul Stevens]], among other left-wingers, had very recently and notably called for just that.<ref>Multiple references:
*Nolte, John (March 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/03/28/fake-news-cnns-cuomo-says-no-one-calling-for-2nd-amendment-repeal-they-are/ Fake News: CNN’s Cuomo Says ‘No One Calling for 2nd Amendment Repeal’ (They Are)]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
*Kugle, Andrew (March 28, 2018). [https://freebeacon.com/issues/cnns-cuomo-no-one-calling-repeal-second-amendment/ CNN’s Cuomo: No One Is Calling for Repeal of Second Amendment]. ''The Washington Free Beacon''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (March 28, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/cnn-host-apparently-unaware-that-several-people-have-called-for-the-repeal-of-the-second-amendment CNN host apparently unaware that people have indeed called for the repeal of the Second Amendment]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.</ref>

Sometime before January 6, 2017, [[DNI]] [[James Clapper]] briefed opposition research talking points, manufactured by the Clinton campaign in the ''[[Steele dossier]]'', to [[Jake Tapper]] of CNN. The salacious innuendo lacked verification and a " news hook" for CNN to report. Clapper instructed [[FBI]] Director [[James Comey]] to brief President-elect Trump on the allegations. Clapper immediately leaked the fact Trump had been briefed, creating the "news hook" CNN was looking for to publicize the existence of the ''Steele dossier''. FBI counter-intelligence investigator [[Peter Strzok]] then used the fake news report to justify interviewing [[National Security Advisor]] [[Michael Flynn]] and lay a perjury trap,<ref>https://saraacarter.com/who-will-investigate-the-fbi-and-doj-top-secret-leaks-to-the-media/?utm=pushnami</ref> thwarting the new president's [[foreign policy]] agenda. Clapper was rewarded with a job at CNN afterward.<ref>''[https://www.scribd.com/document/377590825/HPSCI-Final-Report-on-Russian-Active-Measures-Redacted-Release Russian Active Measures in the 2016 Election''], House Permanent Sub Committee on Intelligence, March 22, 2017, pp. 107-108.</ref><ref>[https://www.themarketswork.com/2018/04/27/clapper-leaks-twice-to-cnn-brennan-stands-in-the-shadows-a-russian-narrative-is-born/ Clapper Leaks Twice to CNN. Brennan Stands in the Shadows. A Russian Narrative is Born,] Jeff Carlson, April 27, 2018.</ref><ref>[https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/04/20/anatomy-of-a-political-smear-confirmed-james-comey-january-briefing-was-scripted-by-clapper-and-brennan-to-create-media-narrative/ Anatomy of a Political Smear Confirmed – James Comey January Briefing Was Scripted by Clapper and Brennan To Create Media Narrative], by Sundance, April 20, 2018. theconservativetreehouse.com</ref>

In 2019, CNN falsely labeled liberal [[Democratic party|Democrat Virginia governor]] [[Ralph Northam]] a "Republican" when reporting a racist photo of himself while in medical school.<ref>Gualtieri, Allison Elyse (February 2, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/cnn-misidentifies-virginia-gov-ralph-northam-as-a-republican-during-his-apology-for-racist-yearbook-photo CNN misidentifies Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam as a Republican during his apology for racist yearbook photo]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved February 2, 2019.</ref><ref>Rodriguez, Katherine (February 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/02/01/watch-cnn-chyron-labels-virginia-gov-ralph-northam-a-republican/ WATCH: CNN Chyron Labels Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam a Republican]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 2, 2019.</ref>

In 2020, CNN tweeted that "Google will not be publishing a national-scale website for coronavirus testing anytime soon, contrary to claims made by President Trump during a news conference",<ref>https://twitter.com/cnn/status/1238718028566671360</ref> before claiming just a day later on their website that "Google will partner with US government to develop a nationwide coronavirus website".<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/google-trump-coronavirus-site/index.html?utm_content=2020-03-14T06%3A46%3A06&utm_medium=social&utm_term=link&utm_source=twCNN</ref>

[[File:Warren tweet.jpg|left|300px|thumb|[[Elizabeth Warren]] sent a fake news tweet claiming [[Mark Zuckerberg]] endorsed Donald Trump.]]
After Special Counsel [[Robert Mueller]] thoroughly debunked the [[Russiagate]] [[conspiracy theory]], CNN's [[Jim Sciutto]] attempted to resuscitate the discredited hoax alleging that the CIA had to extract a deep cover asset from Russia because of fear that President Trump would out the asset's identity to Vladimir Putin. The ''New York Times'', ''Washington Post'', and CIA were quick to refute the story. The extraction occurred because of [[John Brennan]] and [[Obama administration]] leaks in the early days of the Trump-Russia hoax that put in danger of exposure and the lives of CIA assets in Russia.<ref>https://www.redstate.com/streiff/2019/09/09/cnn-russian-spy-exfiltration-story-trips-bull-alarms-two-continents/</ref><ref>https://hotair.com/archives/ed-morrissey/2019/09/10/wapo-nyt-contra-cnn-trump-not-reason-cia-exfiltrated-asset-russia/</ref><ref>https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/09/10/fusion-gps-hustle-timeline-of-who-met-who-and-when-in-buildup-of-cnns-latest-trump-russia-exclusive-is-all-so-damning/</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/themarketswork/status/1171072580901453825?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/aaronjmate/status/1171100680121176069?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw</ref>

In the Immanuel Christian School/Karen Pence [[hate crime hoax]], a 12-year-old girl claimed that three boys at Immanuel Christian School held her down and cut her dreadlocks while using the racially charged term "nappy." The wife of [[Vice President Mike Pence]], Karen Pence works at the school. CNN's [[Bakari Sellers]], NBC, CBS, CNN, ''[[The New York Times]]'', and [[The Washington Post]]'' all reported the incident nationwide and used the incident to attack Karen Pence.<ref>https://freebeacon.com/politics/hate-crime-media-used-to-attack-karen-pence-is-fake/</ref> The girl's family finally released a statement acknowledging the initial allegation was false. They apologized to all involved: "To those young boys and their parents, we sincerely apologize for the pain and anxiety these allegations have caused," they wrote. "To the administrators and families of Immanuel Christian School, we are sorry for the damage this incident has done to trust within the school family and the undue scorn it has brought to the school. To the broader community, who rallied in such passionate support for our daughter, we apologize for betraying your trust."<ref>https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/6th-Grade-Girl-Says-She-Lied-About-Boys-Cutting-Her-Dreadlocks-561784531.html</ref>

Even before the Trump Presidency, CNN had also engaged in fake news as well. In particular, its coverage of humanitarian crises in Kosovo as well as locations such as Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti, Macedonia, Bosnia, Ecuador, East Timor, Kuwait, Liberia, Albania, Congo, Gabon, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan, Sudan, and Iraq was strongly implied by Lt. Col. Robert "Buzz" Patterson of the Air Force to be the main reason why Bill Clinton had dispatched troops to those locations despite none of the mission parameters actually requiring direct American military aid, including the [[Kosovo War]] in the case of Kosovo.<ref>''Dereliction of Duty'' by Lt. Col. Robert "Buzz" Patterson, USAF (Ret.), Chapter 6, CNN Diplomacy, page 112-128.</ref>

===Deep state and fake news===
:{{See also|Media intelligence complex}}
The [[mainstream media]] has worked with the deep state intelligence agencies to promote fake news regarding the supposed [[Trump-Russia scandal]],<ref>Jasper, William F. (April 25, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25863-deep-state-and-fake-news Deep State and Fake News]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 3, 2018.</ref> and the alleged Russian hacking of John Podesta and DNC emails.

===2018 bomb hoax===
Just when things looked desperate for Democrats with unhinged mobs responding to the party's leadership, CNN reported it had received a mail bomb addressed to [[John Brennan]], who actually works for [[NBC]]. Nonetheless, CNN opened John Brennan's mail anyway, paused to take pictures of the alleged bomb resembling a Hollywood prop, before evacuating the building in a panic. Others received mailings as well.

Republicans were quick to condemn political violence,<ref>https://youtu.be/KwSGYUDQSuY</ref> unlike Democrat leaders, who were encouraging it.<ref>https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9115480/</ref> President Trump vowed to use all the resources of the federal government to find who was responsible.

As soon as CNN feed into the news cycle that the bombs were active, giving breaking news reports a life of their own, within hours the ''[[Associated Press]]'' reported, {{quotebox|"tests have determined that a powder found inside an envelope delivered to CNN along with a pipe bomb was harmless."<ref><big>7:50 p.m.

A law enforcement official says tests have determined that a powder found inside an envelope delivered to CNN along with a pipe bomb was harmless.

The official wasn’t authorized to discuss the investigation publicly and spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.

New York City’s police commissioner said earlier Wednesday that the package sent to CNN’s offices in Manhattan contained a live explosive and an envelope containing white powder.

The FBI said the package was similar to explosives sent to former President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, former Attorney General Eric Holder and billionaire [[George Soros]].

The package sent to CNN was addressed to former CIA Director John Brennan, a frequent guest on the channel. The official says that parcel contained no note or claim of responsibility.</big> [https://www.apnews.com/5c93ac06309c4ce88e8 cd5023f89feca Tom Hays, ''Associated Press'', October 24, 2018].</ref>}} None of this stopped CNN and other mainstream sources from failing to clarify the facts, or whipping up anti-Trump hysteria.

None of the bombs were active, and the alleged bomber didn't know how to build a bomb anyway. The alleged bombs lacked a detonator device, were made with PVC tubing instead of lead, and packed with a harmless powder.<ref>https://www.nationalreview.com/news/cnn-pipe-bomb-white-powder-harmless-law-enforcement-report/</ref> [[File:98% of straight men will not date trans women because of hate.jpeg|thumb|right|225px|A typical fake news poll.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdQZkG2dOkE</ref>]]

===Mangled statistics===
A ''Washington Post'' article claimed that 4.2 percent of American children had witnessed a shooting<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/06/20/19-children-are-shot-every-day-in-the-united-states/ 19 kids are shot every day in the United States]</ref> (this is one in 24). This was based on a survey question which they (deliberately? negligently?) misinterpreted:
:The actual question the researchers asked was, "At any time in (your child’s/your) life, (was your child/were you) in any place in real life where (he/she/you) could see or hear people being shot, bombs going off, or street riots?"<ref>[https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/commentary/2017/06/27/news-organizations-including-one-unintentionally-misinformed-public-guns How news organizations, including this one, unintentionally misinformed the public on guns]</ref>
So they mixed in "witnessed a shooting" with "heard a street riot", etc.

== Identifying fake news ==
The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) has a checklist to assist people to recognize fake news:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.ifla.org/lpa/files/2017/01/How-to-Spot-Fake-News-1.jpg|title=How to Spot Fake News|date=January 27, 2017|website=IFLA blogs|access-date=February 16, 2017}}</ref>
# Consider the source (to understand its mission and purpose)
# Read beyond the headline (to understand the whole story)
# Check the authors (to see if they are real and credible)
# Assess the supporting sources (to ensure they support the claims)
# Check the date of publication (to see if the story is relevant and up to date)
# Ask if it is a joke (to determine if it is meant to be [[satire]])
# Review your own biases (to see if they are affecting your judgment)
# Ask experts (to get confirmation from independent people with knowledge).

===Reputation of the author===
Ultimately, a judgment about fake news rests on the reputation of its author, and the reputation and editorial stance of a news organization or book publisher. Longevity is not in and of itself proof a publication or publishing house is an established reputable service. ''[[Newsweek]]'' magazine, for instance, was once established as a "moderate" or right-leaning weekly news source to counter the perceived leftwing bias of ''[[Time magazine|Time]]'' magazine. It has since ceased publication as a print journal, and the name - ''Newsweek'' - was sold as an established, existing tradename, only to reappear online as a mainstream news source for some of the most outrageous left-wing lunacy.

In the United States the ''[[New Republic]]'', established before World War I, is considered the granddaddy of modern liberal thought, whereas the ''[[National Review]]'' established in the 1950s is considered its modern conservative counterpart. ''[[The Nation]]'' has long been deemed the voice of more marginalized [[progressive]] thinking. While staff management and editorial views have evolved over many decades, any author moving from one of these publications to another generally have professional reputations as traditional ethical journalists, unlike modern broadcast journalists, or what passes as "ethics" taught in some of the nation's most prestigious journalism and broadcast schools today.

Among book publishers, St. Martin's Press is considered a mainstream book publisher for [[Democrat]]s which no other mainstream publisher would stake its reputation on, and Regnery is considered its [[Republican]] counterpart.

The challenge for young readers is to discern good, solid, factual reporting in the internet era, at a time when an explosion of anonymous blog sites are threatening the existence of a dying print and cable news broadcast industry.<ref>A prime example of [[Joseph Schumpeter]]'s [[creative destruction]].</ref> Again the reputation of the author is all pervasive. This requires follow-up and holding the author (whether anonymous or a pseudonym) accountable, and not seeking [[confirmation bias]] in how a reader informs themselves.

===Holding the author accountable===
As can be seen, the reputation of a news organization or individual journalist can change over time, to either improve or lose credibility.

''[[The New Yorker]]'' for example, once had a reputation for vigorous fact-checking. However, after such stories on the credibility of [[Wikipedia]], its fictionalized account of the death of [[bin Laden]], its hit piece on the person and character of ''American Sniper'' hero [[Chris Kyle]], and it's partisan, sloppy, and outrageous attacks on [[Brett Kavanaugh]], have called ''The New Yorker's'' viability as a reputable source into question.

Ronan Farrow, who writes for the ''New Yorker'' appeared as a bright and shining rising star in the field of investigative journalism, at a moment when public perception of journalists was at its lowest. Farrow fearlessly wrote about the deviant sexual predations of Democrat kingpins and mega-donors such as [[Harvey Weinstein]] and others, for which he won a [[Pulitzer Prize]]. Farrow even described the intimidation tactics wealthy predators use against female victims and himself by hired thugs and ex-intelligence agents to silence people. Farrow was a hero of the [[MeToo movement]]. Then Farrow tossed his reputation to the wind by signing his name to unsubstantiated smears, which his own reporting debunked, in a vicious partisan smear of [[Judge Brett Kavanaugh]]. Farrow sold out, and his actions now have the opposite effect of adding credibility to the defense and rehabilitation of Harvey Weinstein.

===Circular reporting or wrap up smear===
A '''wrap up smear''',<ref>https://youtu.be/SMJdDwQlcc8</ref> also known as a '''circular reporting''', '''circular journalism''' or an '''echo chamber''', occurs when [[partisan]] sources [[leak]] false information to journalists then use those same published accounts to validate their claims.

Several instances in recent memory illustrate the technique during the [[Trump-Russia collusion hoax]] and the [[Kavanaugh smear]]. In Trump-Russia, a false allegation that Trump colluded with Russia was [[leak]]ed by Democratic operatives to get news organizations to publicize the claim, then biased [[Obama administration]] employees used those news stories as supposed evidence to obtain FBI [[surveillance]] warrants on the Trump campaign.

CNN, the ''Washington Post'', the ''New York Times'' and numerous other organizations reported fabricated information by anonymous sources throughout 2016, 2017, and 2018. The published reports became the basis of the [[Trump-Russia conspiracy hoax]] and [[FISA abuse]] scandal. When mainstream media published the false information, the Obama FBI, Justice Department, CIA and [[DNI]] used the fake news (originating with themselves) as supposed corroboration from "independent journalists" to begin investigations, interviews, perjury traps, seek warrants, perform [[Gang of Eight]] briefings, and appoint a [[Mueller office|Special Prosecutor]] to pursue political objectives.
*[[Michael Sussmann]] who worked with the general counsel of the Clinton campaign and the DNC gave fake evidence to the FBI and ''New York Times'' that a webserver in Trump Tower was communicating with a Russian bank. The smears were found to be without foundation.<ref>https://themarketswork.com/2019/01/21/baker-testimony-reveals-perkins-coie-lawyer-provided-fbi-with-information-on-alfa-bank-allegations/</ref>
*[[Christopher Steele]] who worked for Hillary Clinton gave false evidence to the FBI and numerous mainstream media outlets that [[Carter Page]] was a Russian spy, when in fact Page was a former FBI informant who helped jail Russian spies.
*Steele gave bogus sexual innuendo about Trump to the FBI; [[DNI]] [[James Clapper]] leaked to CNN than that Trump had been briefed on the information, thus creating a "Breaking News" story.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/04/20/anatomy-of-a-political-smear-confirmed-james-comey-january-briefing-was-scripted-by-clapper-and-brennan-to-create-media-narrative/</ref>

In the Kavanaugh smear, false sexual abuse allegations were leaked by Senate Democrat committee staffers to produce sensationalized headlines and martial public pressure in an emotional cause.

Sen. [[Dianne Feinstein]] or a staffer leaked a letter from Dr. [[Christine Blasey Ford]] to the ''Washington Post'' alleging notes from a therapist and a polygraph exam were material evidence of a sexual assault, sparking a hue and cry on the [[Left]] for extended nomination hearings and FBI investigation of [[Judge Kavanaugh]]. The alleged "material evidence" was never provided to the FBI or Senate Judiciary Committee for examination and consideration, and the accuser caught in a series of conflicting sworn public statements.

===Mainstream false reporting of the Russia collusion hoax and impeachment inquiry===
[[File:27067022 1565197686869300 6687960957434384962 n.jpg|right|250px|thumb|The Russian's did not "hack the vote" as [[Obama administration]] and mainstream media sources alleged.]]
These mainstream journalists and news organizations in one capacity or other were willing participants in the [[Trump-Russia collusion hoax]]. The plan to exonerate Hillary Clinton of criminal charges, sabotage Donald Trump's election chances, and later his presidency, originated with corrupt elements of the [[Obama administration]], in collusion with the [[Democratic party]]. Allies opposed to Trump's demand that [[NATO]] members give more to fund the alliance, and Russian sources feeding Democrats false information also contributed.

These journalists reported fake news from the [[Hillary Clinton]] funded ''[[Steele dossier]]'', which Hillary Clinton paid foreign agents, including Russian agents, to interfere in the [[2016 presidential election]]. The false information was knowingly presented by the Obama [[Justice Department]] and [[FBI]] to the [[FISA court]] to obtain retro-active approval for an illegal domestic spying operation against Obama and Clinton's political opponents. These journalists actively colluded with the Democrats [[seditious]] activity to overturn the results of the 2016 presidential election:

[[Ken Bensinger]], [[BuzzFeed]] reporter who received ''Steele dossier'' from [[David Kramer]], Sen. [[John McCain]]'s [[Chief of Staff]]. [[Ken Dilanian]], and [[Ned Price]], [[NBC News]]. [[David Corn]], ''[[Mother Jones]]''. [[Michael Isikoff]], Yahoo News. [[Ali Watkins]], BuzzFeed and ''[[The New York Times]]''. [[Brian Ross]] and [[Matt Mosk]], ABC News. [[Carl Bernstein]] and [[Jake Tapper]], [[CNN]]. [[Julian Borger]], ''[[The Guardian]]''. [[Peter Stone]] and [[Greg Gordon]], McClatchy. [[Bob Little]] and [[Rachel Martin]], NPR. [[David Ignatius]], [[Evan Perez]], [[Jim Sciutto]], [[Tom Hamburger]], [[Rosalind Helderman]], and [[Fred Hiatt]], ''[[The Washington Post]]''. [[Allan Cullison]], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''. [[Rachel Maddow]], [[Joy Reid]], and [[Katy Tur]], [[MSNBC]]. [[Scott Pelly]], ''[[60 Minutes]]''. [[Devlin Barrett]], [[Robert Costa]] [[Ellen Nakashima]], and [[Matt Zapotosky]].

Other willing participants were: ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[Huffington Post]]'', ''[[Newsweek]]'', [[MSNBC]], ''[[Politico]]'', ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' and ''[[Slate]]''. All these continued to report the fake Russia collusion narrative even after it was thoroughly debunked, and none have issued retractions to their reporting.<ref>https://youtu.be/vYGkB329rcM</ref> The uncorroborated allegations violated every tenet of traditional, respectable [[journalism]]. None of it would have been possible without the help of several global media organizations willingly publicizing the false narrative of Trump collusion with the Russian government.<ref>https://themarketswork.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/inforgraphic-838x1024.jpg</ref>

On March 25, 2019 Tim Murtaugh, the director of communications for President Trump, sent out a memo to all television producers regarding the “credibility of certain guests.” In particular, the memo cited a list of “guests who made outlandish, false claims, without evidence, on your airwaves.” Included were Sen. [[Richard Blumenthal]] (D-Conn.), Rep. [[Adam Schiff]] (D-Calif.), Rep. [[Jerrold Nadler]] (D-N.Y.), Rep. [[Eric Swalwell]] (D-Calif.), DNC Chairman [[Tom Perez]] and former CIA Director [[John Brennan]]. The memo asked the producers to “employ basic journalistic standards when booking such guests.”<ref>https://twitter.com/jonathanvswan/status/1110254539163291648</ref>

===Participants in the Kavanaugh smear===
[[NBC News]], ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[The Washington Post]]'', [[Stephen Colbert]], [[ABC News]], [[CBS News]], [[USA Today]].

===Participants in the Covington Catholic kids smear===
:{{Main article|Covington Catholic kids}}
''[[The Washington Post]]'', ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Cable News Network]]'' (CNN), ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[National Public Radio]]'', [[TMZ]], [[Atlantic Media]], [[Capitol Hill Publishing]], [[Ann Cabrera]] (CNN), [[Sara Sidner]] (CNN), [[Erin Burnett]] (CNN), [[S. E. Cupp]] (CNN), [[Elliot C. McLaughlin]] (CNN), [[Amanda Watts]] (CNN), [[Emmanuella Grinberg]] (CNN), [[Michelle Boorstein]] (''Washington Post''), [[Cleve R. Wootson Jr.]] (''Washington Post''), [[Antonio Olivo]] (''Washington Post''), [[Joe Heim]] (''Washington Post''), [[Michael E. Miller]] (''Washington Post''), [[Eli Rosenberg]] (''Washington Post''), [[Isaac Stanley-Becker]] (''Washington Post''), [[Kristine Philips]] (''Washington Post''), [[Sarah Mervosh]] (''Washington Post''), [[Emily S. Roeb]] (''New York Times''), [[Maggie Haberman]] (''New York Times''), [[David Brooks]] (''New York Times''), [[Shannon Doyne]], [[Kurt Eichenwald]], [[Andrea Mitchell]] (''[[NBC]]/[[MSNBC]]''), [[Savannah Guthrie]] (NBC), [[Joy Reid]] (MSNBC), [[Chuck Todd]] (NBC), [[Noah Berlatsky]], [[Elisha Fieldstadt]] (NBC), [[Eun Kyung Kim]], [[HBO]], [[Bill Maher]], [[Warner Media]], [[Condé Nast]], ''[[GQ]]'', [[Heavy.com]], [[The Hill]], ''[[The Atlantic]]'', Bustle.com, [[Kathy Griffin]], [[Alyssa Milano]] and [[Jim Carrey]].<ref>https://www.dailywire.com/news/42988/nick-sandmanns-lawyer-sends-letters-these-54-ryan-saavedra?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=benshapiro</ref>

===Reputable/verifiable sources===
The following are considered reputable and verifiable source noted for good reporting:

*Epoch Times Media Group which include assets like:
The [[Epoch Times]] Newspaper
New Tang Dynasty Televison (NTDTV)
China Uncensored/America Uncovered
Edge of Wonder
Shen Yun
The Larry Elder Show
*[[Washington Free Beacon]]
*[[New American]]
*[[Breitbart]]
*Assets owned by [[Rupert Murdoch]]
[[Fox News]]
[[Fox Business Network]]
[[Sky News Australia]]
*[[OANN]]
*[[Human Events]]
*[[NewsMax]]
*Daily Signal
*[[Washington Examiner]]
*The Federalist
*[[Rebel News]]

==Responses==
===Liberal responses===
When the term first came into common usages immediately after the 2016 elections, [[liberals]], the [[mainstream media]], and [[social media]] misapplied the term to make the false accusation that [[Alternative Media|alternative news]] sources were "deliberately lying" to their readers, listeners, and viewers, and that these "lies" helped elect [[Donald Trump]] [[President of the United States]]. The liberal-pushed "fake news" accusations are a form of [[conspiracy theory]].

The [[mainstream media]] itself publishes and promotes fake news stories appearing in nightly network newscasts, on its cable news channels, in its newspapers and on its websites (including Facebook).<ref name="Tech Crunch">{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/14/facebook-fake-news-code-media/|title=Facebook is still figuring out how to tackle fake news|date=Feb 14, 2017|accessdate=June 29, 2017|work=Tech Crunch}}</ref><ref name="Barron">{{cite news|url=http://ajr.org/2015/04/03/news-sites-fall-for-fake-news|title=Even News Sites Fall for Fake News|first=Rachel|last=Barron|date=April 3, 2017|accessdate=June 29, 2017|work=American Journalism Review}}</ref>
When fake news sites misuse the "ABC News" logo<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/2016/08/07/breitbart-duped-by-fake-news-again/|title=Breitbart Duped by Fake News (Again)|date=September 1, 2016|accessdate=April 5, 2017|work=Snopes}}</ref> or are designed to appear to be sponsored by a TV news channel, the mainstream media may also appear to publish and promote fake news stories.

The mainstream media itself can be rife with government leaked fake news stories, such as a fictional ''Washington Post'' story that Russia hacked the U.S. power grid in 2016.<ref>Leetaru, Kalev, "[https://www.forbes.com/sites/kalevleetaru/2017/01/01/fake-news-and-how-the-washington-post-rewrote-its-story-on-russian-hacking-of-the-power-grid/ 'Fake News' And How The Washington Post Rewrote Its Story On Russian Hacking Of The Power Grid]," ''Forbes'', Jan 1, 2017.</ref> While leftists accuse conservatives of being behind fake news stories, the evidence shows the exact opposite, although fake news is designed to appeal to audiences all across the political spectrum.

====Attempts at censorship====
[[Melissa Zimdars]], a [[far-Left]] professor had compiled a list of supposedly "fake and misleading" news websites that was heavily promoted in the Mainstream Media,<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2016/11/breaking-media-list-fake-news-websites-includes-breitbart-infowars-zerohedge-twitchy-blaze/ BREAKING: Liberals Create List of "Fake" News Websites Including: Breitbart, Infowars, Zerohedge, Twitchy, The Blaze]</ref> including [[Breitbart]], [[Infowars]], Twitchy, [[The Blaze]], and Bizpac Review. Even liberals, such as Will Oremus on [[Slate.com]], criticized the list and the term itself for being far too broad, unfairly targeting numerous sites, and being an overreaction.<ref>Oremus, Will (December 6, 2016). [http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2016/12/stop_calling_everything_fake_news.html Stop Calling Everything “Fake News”]. ''Slate.com''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> Zimdars later removed her "Fake News" list, claiming she had been "harassed" and "doxed".<ref>[https://inews.co.uk/essentials/news/technology/melissa-zimdars-removes-fake-news-list-claiming-harassed-doxed/ Dr Melissa Zimdars removes fake news list and claims she was ‘harassed’]</ref> In 2019, the [[George Soros]]-funded Poynter Institute created a list of 515 news sources – anything that was part of the left-wing media – that it claimed were "fake news" for not completely abiding by left-wing narratives.<ref>Multiple references:
*Freiburger, Calvin (May 3, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/soros-backed-journalism-institute-pulls-list-labeling-29-conservative-outlets-unnews Soros-backed journalism institute pulls list labeling 29 conservative outlets ‘UnNews’]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*[https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/soros-backed-journalism-institute-targets-29-conservative-outlets-in-its-unnews-report Soros-backed journalism institute targets 29 conservative outlets in its ‘UnNews’ report]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from ''NewsBusters''). May 2, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*Nolte, John (May 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/05/03/nolte-poynter-temporarily-pulls-blacklist-with-a-big-lie-and-promise-to-return/ Nolte: Poynter Temporarily Pulls Blacklist with a Big Lie and Promise to Return]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*Nolte, John (May 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/05/01/nolte-poynter-institute-wants-515-outlets-blacklisted-breitbart-news/ Nolte: Poynter Institute Wants 515 Outlets Blacklisted, Including Breitbart News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.</ref>

A 2017 Yale University study found that flagging news stories as "fake news" is ineffective due to the general mistrust of the media by Americans that already exists.<ref>Church, Nate (September 12, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/tech/2017/09/12/study-flagging-stories-as-fake-news-ineffective-people-no-longer-trust-media/ Study: Flagging Stories as ‘Fake News’ Ineffective; People No Longer Trust Media]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 13, 2017.</ref>

====''WaPo''====
One attempt at broadening the meaning of the term as well as professing the likelihood of the use of what the term describes appeared on November 23, 2016 in the ''Washington Post'':{{cquote|In the wake of Donald Trump’s shock Nov. 2016 electoral victory, attention fell on the extent to which voter opinions could have been shaped by an epidemic of "fake news" websites that masqueraded as legitimate media outlets...Many fake stories proved more viral on social media than important articles from real sources.<ref name=Merkel>[https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/11/23/fake-news-threatens-german-election-merkel.html Fake news threatens German election: Merkel]</ref>}}

Ishaan Tharoor, the author who wrote the piece, lets the reader know that he assumes Trump's election win is so surprising (although it wasn't) that any explanation deserves to be looked at if the event has not been fully explained already. This would allow the subject which follows—his allegations of "fake news" being epidemic as well as his suggestions that they were isolated to media outlets that weren't "real sources" (by some unstated body's estimation)—to be plausible or even to be considered an especially good candidate as an explanation (to the uninformed), despite being unfounded or at least founded on exaggeration.

The election results prompted German Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]], who represents a, [[establishment]]-[[globalist]] political party, to caution against "fake news" circulated in [[Social media]]:{{cquote|Something has changed — as globalization has marched on, debate is taking place in a completely new media environment. Opinions aren’t formed the way they were 25 years ago ... Today we have fake sites, bots, trolls — things that regenerate themselves, reinforcing opinions with certain algorithms, and we have to learn to deal with them. I believe we should not underestimate what is happening in the context of the Internet and with digitalization; this is part of our reality ... We have regulations that allow for our press freedom, including the requirement for due diligence from journalists. Today we have many that experience a media that is based on very different foundations and is much less regulated.<ref name=Merkel/>}}

====Facebook====
[[Facebook]] has also responded to the alleged problem by developing a system wherein readers can flag a post they find suspicious. Once flagged the post will be reviewed by a [[mainstream media]] representative, who decides whether the news is "real" or "fake."<ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebooks-fake-fix-for-fake-news-1481932361</ref>

====Snopes====
On January 14, 2016, the [[Snopes]] website, itself considered a fake news site by some experts, published its "Snopes’ Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors"<ref name=snopes>{{cite web|title=Snopes’ Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors|date=January 14, 2016|url=http://www.snopes.com/2016/01/14/fake-news-sites/|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref> Its founder, for what brags to be the moral compass of what is "honest" reporting on the Internet, allegedly embezzled nearly $100,000 for prostitutes.<ref>https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2019/09/exclusive-founder-of-snopes-far-left-moral-purveyor-of-truth-in-the-media-allegedly-embezzled-98000-for-prostitutes-during-his-divorce/</ref>

====SpotFakeNews.ca====
A recently created Canadian website called SpotFakeNews.ca<ref>http://spotfakenews.ca/</ref> claims to "help Canadians of all ages critically access online news and information, and differentiate fake news from real news", but the resources it links to link in turn to the [[Associated Press]] and other liberal-biased news "sources" and resources, thereby making that site itself a non-credible, liberal-biased resource.

====DoubtIt.ca====
Another Canadian website<ref>https://doubtit.ca/</ref> which claims "to provide Canadians an understanding of the role of journalism in a healthy democracy and the tools to find and filter information online";<ref>https://doubtit.ca/about-us/</ref> however, in its verification section,<ref>https://doubtit.ca/#verification_section</ref> the site uses the "fact checking" sites Snopes, FactCheck.org, the Associated Press website's "fact checking" section, Full Fact and [[PolitiFact]] as its resources, all of which are liberal-biased sites whose claims have been disproven and discredited as fake news when compared with similar stories from independent, non-liberal media journalists, news organizations (e.g. [[The Rebel Media|Rebel News]] and [[One America News Network]]) and news sites (e.g. [[Breitbart News]], [[NewsBusters]], [[The Daily Caller]], [[Gateway Pundit]], [[Canada Free Press]], etc.), thus also making DoubtIt.ca itself liberal-biased, unreliable and non-credible regarding what it decides is "fake news". Another giveaway that DoubtIt.ca is not credible as a resource is that at the bottom of its website, it mentions that it is funded by liberal-biased search engine [[Google]].

====DFRLab definition====
The [[Atlantic Council]]'s Digital Forensic Research Lab which is partnering with [[Facebook]] to promote [[internet]] [[censorship]] defines fake news as {{quotebox|“deliberately presenting false information as news.”

We differentiate this from '''[[disinformation]]''', which we consider to be "deliberately spreading false information;" fake news is thus a subset of disinformation. We further distinguish it from '''misinformation''', which we take to mean the unintentional spreading of false information.<ref>https://medium.com/dfrlab/fake-news-defining-and-defeating-43830a2ab0af</ref>}}

====European Commission====
In 2018, the [[European Commission]] proposed the creation of an "independent fact-checking network" that would fight what it views as "fake news." However, this network, if created, would be funded by left-wing organizations connected to [[George Soros]].<ref>Tomlinson, Chris (April 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/london/2018/04/28/european-union-advocates-independent-fact-checkers-combat-fake-news/ European Union Advocates For Soros-Funded ‘Independent Fact Checkers’ to Combat ‘Fake News’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 28, 2018.</ref>

===Conservative responses===
"''Undoubtedly the new main psyop against independent media is flooding the web with fake news, and mainstream media putting out fake news, and setting themselves up like a super-Snopes, to be the arbiter of what's real and what’s not,''" countered [[Alex Jones]] from Infowars in the wake of criticism of the [[Alternative Media]] on the part of [[Democrat]] presidential candidate [[Hillary Clinton]] supporters following Trump's win.<ref>[http://nymag.com/selectall/2016/11/finally-someone-is-standing-up-to-fake-news-infowars.html Finally, Someone Is Standing Up to Fake News: Infowars]</ref>

[[Answers in Genesis]] President [[Ken Ham]], noted that one of the most prominent and blatant examples of fake news is the media's treatment of [[evolution]] and an [[old Earth]] as undisputed scientific fact, even though numerous counterexamples exist [[Counterexamples to Evolution|to evolution]] and [[Counterexamples to an Old Earth|an old Earth]].<ref>Ham, Ken (March 21, 2017). [https://answersingenesis.org/blogs/ken-ham/2017/03/21/real-fake-news/ The Real Fake News]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved March 21, 2017.</ref>

According to a 2017 Poynter Media Trust Survey, 44% of Americans believe the media creates "fake news" stories against Trump to make him look bad.<ref>Richardson, Bradford (December 28, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/dec/28/fake-news-half-all-americans-believe-media-make-an/ ‘Fake News’: Half of all Americans believe the media make up anti-Trump stories]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 29, 2017.</ref> A [[Monmouth University]] poll released in April 2018 found that 77% of Americans believe the mainstream media reports fake news.<ref>Multiple references:
*Manchester, Julia (April 2, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/381225-more-than-3-in-4-believe-traditional-media-outlets-report-fake-news-poll More than 3 in 4 believe traditional media reports ‘fake news’: poll]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Persons, Sally (April 2, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/2/over-70-percent-of-americans-see-media-as-fake-new/ Over 70 percent of Americans see media as ‘fake news,’ a Monmouth University poll shows]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Church, Nate (April 2, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/04/02/poll-77-percent-believe-traditional-media-guilty-of-fake-news/ Poll: 77 Percent Believe Traditional Media Guilty of Fake News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Lima, Cristiano (April 2, 2018). [https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/02/poll-fake-news-494421 Poll: 77 percent say major news outlets report 'fake news']. ''Politico''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Byas, Steve (April 4, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/28659-poll-public-believes-media-reports-fake-news-to-advance-their-own-agenda Poll: Public Convinced That Media Reports Fake News to Advance Their Own Agenda]. ''The New American''. Retrieved April 4, 2018.</ref>

==Hypocrisy==
While liberals frequently accuse conservative or alternate media sites of being dishonest, they typically gloss over the massive failings of the mainstream media to accurately and fairly cover the news, as well as its own propensity to post and report fake news itself (such as the polls they released which falsely claimed that [[Hillary Clinton]] was "well ahead" of Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election campaign in order to discourage conservative voters, despite the attendance figures of the Trump campaign rallies vs. the Clinton campaign rallies, which the mainstream media chose to ignore, proving otherwise). Although the polls may have correctly predicted Clinton's 3 million vote margin in the national popular vote, commenters ignored the fact that the election is determined state-by-state in the [[Electoral College]]. In fact, within days after Trump's victory in the election, Wikipedia's liberal editors propagated a far from neutral and heavily liberal-biased "Fake news website" article.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fake_news_website&oldid=752584598 "Fake news website" article] at Wikipedia, December 2, 2016.</ref>

==History==
[[File:NY Daily News.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Liberal, socialist, and communist slanted journalism has a long history of biased and false reporting.]]
"News articles" that are completely fictional have a long history. The motivation is often for the amusement of the author, or the desire to make money by selling the newspaper or handbill based on its entertainment value. Such "news articles" are sometimes purely satirical (something that has a long history), or intentionally malicious, often for political reasons. For example, malicious claims about Presidential candidates (illegitimate children, etc.) have a long history in the United States. The falsehoods have sufficient emotional impact to assure that they will be magnified in various [[Media|mediums]]. It is debated whether or not this includes [[Satire|satiric]] news.<ref>"Tall Tale or Satire? Authors of So-Called "Fake News" Feel Misjudged". ''NBC News''. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/tall-tale-or-satire-authors-so-called-fake-news-feel-n689421</ref><ref>''Fake News Watch''. http://fakenewswatch.com/</ref>

[[Walter Lippmann]], a prominent [[socialist]], indicated that the press is supposed to utilize fake news to spin a narrative and thus manufacture public consent, claiming that news and truth are not the same thing, that it requires no real training to deal with the small pool, and that everything else is in the journalist's own discretion, which includes even promoting stereotypes.<ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2012/02/journalism-and-manufacturing-of-consent.html</ref><ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2013/03/walter-lippmann-explains-how.html</ref><ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2017/01/who-is-founding-father-of-fake-news.html</ref>

The explosive growth of the internet in the early years of the 21st century and the political divisiveness of the 2016 Presidential election saw explosive growth in fake news, far beyond supermarket tabloids, and the use of the term "fake news" to describe this.

===Tabloids, hoaxes, etc===
In the more recent past, but before the advent of the widespread propagation of false information through the internet, the most visible instances of "fake news" were the "supermarket tabloids" ("rag mags") that could be found at checkout counters of supermarkets. These were often full of blatant nonsense, and (nearly) everyone knew that, and bought them only for their entertainment value. Perhaps the most blatant of these was ''Weekly World News'', which seemed obsessed with some half-human half-bat creature named "bat boy," and with extraterrestrials. They sometimes devoted entire issues to extraterrestrials, and, in one instance, had three articles relating that each of the Presidential candidates in the 1992 Presidential election ([[George H. W. Bush]], [[Bill Clinton]], and [[Ross Perot]]) had been taken for a personal ride in a flying saucer to see Washington, D.C. from the air.

These fake articles continue, often with an extreme political slant. Recent issues of the ''National Enquirer'' (perhaps the most blatant fake newspaper since the demise of Weekly World News) had completely false articles about Special Forces raids, carpet bombing, drone strikes, and naval assaults by American forces in the Middle East. The ''Globe'' has run headlines alleging that Hillary Clinton is a Russian spy and has a "new treason indictment", which is not supported by the corresponding article. Another headline, unsupported by any evidence in the article, stated that Hillary Clinton and Huma Abedin were stopped trying to escape from the country. And there were numerous headlines during the 2016 Presidential campaign stating that they were in possession of evidence that would put Ms. Clinton in prison.

=== Early examples of fake news ===
Here are some early examples of fake news:

#The false claim, based on manipulation of the data, by Sir [[Arthur Eddington]] that the 1919 total eclipse of the sun proved the [[General Theory of Relativity]].
#The false reporting by the bigot [[H.L. Mencken]] on the [[Scopes Trial]].
#''[[The War of the Worlds]]'' broadcast on [[Halloween]] night, 1938, in which Orson Wells dramatically described an invasion by hostile Martians in [[New Jersey]].
#''The New York Daily News'' reporting that [[President Gerald Ford]] told the city to 'drop dead' after progressive liberal socialists spent the city's finances into oblivion.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html</ref>
#The fake claim that President [[George H. W. Bush]] did not know what a grocery scanner was, implying that he was out of touch.<ref>[https://www.mrc.org/articles/great-george-bush-sr-grocery-scanner-urban-legend-lives The Great George Bush Sr. "Grocery Scanner" Urban Legend Lives On]. ''Media Research Center''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.</ref>

===Internet age===
Cybersecurity experts began using the term "fake news" to describe social media postings that attempted to spread false information regardless of the political ramifications of its content.

The widespread public use of the phrase by non-experts probably originated on November 14, 2016, in an announcement by [[Google]]. They said their advertising service was being pulled from sites whose purpose was to present as news what was solely designed to attract attention rather than conducted in a factual manner by a responsible party.<ref>Nicas, Jack (November 14, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-to-bar-fake-news-websites-from-using-its-ad-selling-software-1479164646 "Google to bar fake-news websites from using its ad-selling software"]. ''Wall Street Journal''.</ref> Fake news is also a form of "click bait". A photo would appear in an ad implying that there was a news story about the death of a celebrity, and computer users would click on the link to be taken to a website that carried heavy advertising, but no news story about the death of the living celebrity.

==See also==
*[[Alternative facts]]
*[[Deep State]]
*[[Fake science]]
*[[Obama FBI/DOJ scandal]]
*[[The Democracy Integrity Project]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FOZ0irgLwxU What is Fake News video by Prager University]
*[https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeperlis/2017/03/09/fake-news-its-just-so-un-civil/ Forbes: Fake News Is So Un-civil]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jh8qDR9Zm4 Fake News], by Bill Whittle
*[https://www.breitbart.com/milo/2017/02/02/fake-news-cnn-ties-milo-to-white-nationalists-despite-explicit-rejection-of-racism/ FAKE NEWS: CNN Ties MILO to White Nationalists Despite Explicit Rejection of Racism] at Breitbart News Network
*[http://www.fakehatecrimes.org/ Fakehatecrimes.org]. A database of reported instances of fake hate crimes.
*[http://www.snopes.com/2016/01/21/6-quick-ways-spot-fake-news/ 6 Quick Ways to Spot Fake News]
*[https://www.amazon.com/Hoaxed-Everything-They-Told-You-ebook/dp/B07FT1GL51 ''Hoaxed: Everything They Told You is a Lie''], by Mike Cernovich, Jon du Toit, and Scooter Downey, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/12/27/blue-state-blues-a-decade-of-fake-news/ Blue State Blues: A Decade of Fake News], by Joel B. Pollak

[[Category:Fake News|*]]
[[Category:Leftists]]
[[Category:Liberal Deceit]]
[[Category:Liberal Bias]]
[[Category:Liberal Falsehoods]]
[[Category:Political Media]]
[[Category:Political Terms]]
[[Category:2010s]]
[[Category:Conspiracy Theory]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

Fake news

2020-03-21T21:43:10Z

William Clifton: /* Reputable/verifiable sources */ Added Rebel News, Fox Business Network and some of the assets of the Epoch Times Media Group

[[File:Nyt-coronavirus-wuhan-0206202.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Fake news in American media: Chinese Communists claim that reporting the Wuhan Coronavirus is "racist".<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/03/16/the-atlantic-must-stop-covering-for-the-chinese-communist-party/</ref>]]
'''"Fake news"''' refers to liberal bias in the media that is so misleading that it is actually false. It can also include assertions of a non-political nature that seem believable but are untrue. It often incorporates the use of questionable or unnamed (and most often, non-existent) "anonymous sources" that present one or more of the following characteristics: extreme bias, consistent promotion of propaganda/conspiracies, poor or no sourcing to credible information, or a complete lack of transparency.<ref name="mediabiasfactcheck.com">Questionable Sources, https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/fake-news/</ref>

[[Hollywood]] fake news is in the form of "docudramas" that mix factual content with falsehoods such that viewers are misled into thinking that the falsehoods are true, as in the upcoming [[Mrs. America]] miniseries. [[mainstream media|Mainstream]] fake news has [[liberal bias]] that goes beyond reporting of facts and commentary; it can take the form of headlining a manufactured crisis to obscure real news in the daily news cycle. [[Clickbait]], a sensational headline with a body of reporting based on half-truths designed to lure a reader into a commercial website, is another form of fake news.

The motive of fake news is to manipulate public opinion using false reporting and [[bias]] for the purpose of profit or influence.<ref name="mediabiasfactcheck.com"/> It can be sourced by anonymous government [[leak]]ers or political operatives, or entirely fictional. The motive can be as simple as [[confirmation bias]] – pandering to an ideological viewership to distribute talking points or maintain ratings.

Examples of major mainstream fake news stories in the recent past are:
*The leftwing Chinese Communist Party claim that the Chinese coronavirus originated in the [[United States]] and reporting the Wuhan coronavirus is "[[racist]]".
*The "hoax" hoax: Both ''Politico'' and MSNBC claimed that President Trump called the [[coronavirus]] a hoax.
*That President Trump's [[national security]] and public health travel bans are "racist".
*In ten debate appearances, [[Elizabeth Warren]] was never asked once about her false claims of [[Native American]] heritage.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/06/warren-went-all-10-debates-without-one-question-about-her-native-american-claims-894450</ref>
*[[Pete Buttigieg]] won the 2020 [[Iowa Caucus]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFAQyZq0NqfCwVkRQoXpx0A/videos</ref>
*Bernie Sanders said "a woman can never be president." CNN manufactured that hit on Sanders then used it as a debate question a few days later.
*There is no "second whistleblower" for the same reason there was no first: (a) The President is not a member of the [[intelligence community]], (b) is not subject to oversight by the intelligence community inspector general, (c) his actions do not concern “the funding, administration, or operation of an intelligence activity", (d) and do not arise in connection with any such intelligence activity at all."<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m70C6N1Y8Ko</ref>
*As the [[impeachment inquiry]] was ginned up, both the ''Washington Post'' and [[Lawfare]]blog's [[Ukrainian collusion]] timelines claim that [[Hunter Biden]] joined [[Burisma]] in May 2014, whereas Burisima's own website and ''Deutsche Welle''<ref>https://archive.is/LqxDr/</ref><ref>http://www.dw.com/en/who-are-hunter-bidens-ukrainian-bosses/a-17642254</ref><ref>https://archive.is/Aza4U</ref><ref>https://archive.is/IDha1</ref> reported that Hunter Biden's hiring was just four days prior to Vice President Biden's pledging $50 million in U.S. taxpayer provided funds to Ukraine.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/joe-biden-obama-officials-influenced-ukraine-to-advance-own-interests_2896259.html</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/23/world/europe/biden-ukraine.html</ref> Democrats issued [[phoney subpoena]]s to build an impeachment case.
*By precedent, Congress must have a floor vote to authorize an [[impeachment inquiry]]. [[Speaker Nancy Pelosi]] announced an "impeachment inquiry" with no floor vote; and media reported it as a duly authorized inquiry.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2019/09/24/speaker-pelosi-bamboozles-base-by-announcing-enhanced-continuation-of-status-quo/</ref> The unprecedented change in House Rules results in excluding Republicans from cross examining witnesses in drafting [[Articles of Impeachment]].
*The hostile opinionated misrepresentation and speculation of President Trump's intentions for celebrating the July 4th, 2019 holiday with a military parade and fireworks display in Washington DC as an occasion for self-aggrandizement, before the events occurred.<ref>Jonathan Bernstein | Bloomberg, How Is Trump’s Parade Offensive? Let Me Count the Ways, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-07-03/trump-military-parade-betrays-american-values-on-fourth-of-july, July 3, 2019</ref> Mr. Trump planned and delivered festivities as a "Salute to America" to honor the U.S. military, prominent Americans and American accomplishments of the past 243 years.<ref>Ryan W Miller | ''USA Today'', Tanks, military vehicles take over DC's streets before Trump's 4th of July celebration, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/07/03/4th-july-donald-trump-military-parade-tanks-seen-washington-dc/1637384001/, July 3, 2019</ref>
*the [[liberal media]] widely reported that actor [[Jussie Smollett]] was a victim of a [[hate crime]] when it subsequently appeared to have been a hoax;
*that a high school student wearing a pro-[[Trump]] Make America Great Again hat at the [[March for Life]] somehow "acted improperly" when he stood smiling while a professional protestor persistently beat a drum in his face;<ref>http://wbsm.com/media-sells-soul-for-nathan-phillips-opinion/</ref>
*calling the "Washington's Birthday" holiday the made-up name "Presidents' Day," which it never was under federal law;
*the deliberate manipulation of [[President Trump]]'s live [[Oval Office]] broadcast by a local [[Fox Network|Fox]] affiliate editor/technician;<ref>https://youtu.be/UZLs11uSg-A</ref>
*the uncorroborated, obscene sexual allegation published by ''[[The New Yorker]]'' as part of the [[Kavanaugh smear]];
*the panic reporting for several days prior to the [[2018 Midterm elections]] that a dozen fake bombs mailed to prominent [[Democrat]]s were real;<ref>Officials had determined within two hours, and the ''[[Associated Press]]'' reported that the alleged bombs were fake, however days later most prominent mainstream sources continued to allege the packages contained real bombs.</ref>
*the ''[[New York Times]]'' story that the investigation of President Trump began after [[James Comey]] was fired and not in the Spring of 2016.
*On the day documents were released verifying that the late Sen. [[John McCain]] was a major player in the [[coup]] plot against President Trump,<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/deposition-reveals-late-senator-mccains-role-in-spygate-scandal_2840198.html?ref=brief_News</ref> the MSM reported Trump's reaction as if it were some petty vendetta related to McCain's POW status or McCain's vote to save [[Obamacare]].
*Fake news media adopted the talking points of the [[totalitarian]] [[Chinese Communist Party]] against the [[Hong Kong]] [[democracy]] movement.<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/why-nbc-msnbcs-reporting-on-the-epoch-times-is-textbook-fake-news_3051327.html</ref>

Political fake news is designed to push an agenda, typically the [[liberal]] one. Non-political clickbait is designed to attract internet traffic, attention, or sales. Clickbait websites often lack known publishers hindering lawsuits against them for [[libel]] or [[slander]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/05/opinions/suing-fake-news-not-so-fast-callan/index.html|title=Sue over fake news? Not so fast|last=Callan|first=Paul|website=CNN|accessdate=April 6, 2017}}</ref> In many cases, clickbait websites resolve to [[IP address]]es located outside the United States.
[[File:Wapo-bernie-is-russian-asset.jpg|right|350px|thumb|[[Russia 3.0|Russiagate 3.0]] was formally announced by the [[media-intelligence complex]] on February 21, 2020.]]
==2020 Presidential election==
[[File:CNN fake news.PNG|right|300px|thumb|CNN claimed Amb. Sondland implicated President Trump in a bribery scheme and ''quid pro quo'' when President Trump in fact did not.]]
:{{See also|2020 Presidential election|Fake news in the 2020 presidential election|Russia 3.0}}
*After the failure of the Mueller Report, ''The New York Times'' founded [[The 1619 Project]] in August 2019 to serve the Democratic party's objective of painting Donald Trump as a racist as a key issue for the 2020 presidential election. The 1619 Project claims that the United States was founded in the year 1619 A.D. on the basis of racism.
*NBC News falsely reported that the Trump campaign attacked [[The Squad]] saying "This is our country, not theirs".<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzHWjcNapnQ</ref>
*ABC News had to walk back claims it made abut President Trump in the [[Biden-Ukraine collusion scandal]].<ref>https://freebeacon.com/politics/abcs-bombshell-ukraine-story-falls-apart/</ref>
*[[CBS News]] reporter Caitlan Hurley-Burns and other "independent" [[mainstream media]] [[journalist]]s accompanied Sen. [[Kamala Harris]] to a boutique and helped her pick out a rainbow jacket.<ref>https://twitter.com/brithume/status/1096821175701983233</ref> CNN was again caught flipping poll results for Elizabeth Warren and [[Bernie Sanders]] in the early primary state of [[New Hampshire]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny9NLAsp8yo&feature=youtu.be</ref>
*''[[The LA Times]]'' reported that [[Pete Buttigieg]] blamed Barack Obama for the election of Donald Trump.
{{cquote|My message is not about going back to where we were,” he said.

For a lot of people, “‘normal’ has been a real problem for a very long time, and I think the failures of the Obama era help explain how we got Trump.<ref>https://archive.is/5vXG0</ref>}}
[[File:Steponallofus.png|right|300px|thumb|ABC News Anchor [[George Stephanopoulos]] caught on air signaling to cut off Trump attorney Jay Sekulow during an impeachment sham trial break.<ref>https://thepoliticalinsider.com/abc-news-george-stephanopoulos-makes-throat-slitting-gesture-on-camera-to-cut-away-from-trump-lawyer/</ref>]]
:The news set [[Twitter]] afire. Within hours the ''LA Times'' censored the itself and altered the quote.
*MSNBC aided Mayor [[Pete Buttigieg]] based on his [[white privilege]] when the [[racist]] reporting at MSNBC consistently snubbed [[Andrew Yang]], an Asian American, to help Buttigieg surge in early 2020 presidential primary polling of [[Iowa]].<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2019/11/18/msnbc-excludes-andrew-yang-from-media-coverage-despite-polling-above-other-candidates/</ref><ref>https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/464349-yang-hits-back-after-appearing-to-be-left-out-of-cnn-msnbc-fundraising</ref> During the pre-primary debates, MSNBC cut off Yang's microphone.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/06/28/andrew-yang-msnbc-cut-off-my-mic-during-debate-let-other-dems-interject/</ref>
*In ten debate appearances, [[Elizabeth Warren]] was never asked once about her false claims of [[Native American]] heritage.<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/06/warren-went-all-10-debates-without-one-question-about-her-native-american-claims-894450</ref>

===Impeachment sham===
:{{Main article|Impeachment sham}}

===Iowa caucus===
''[[Bloomberg News]]'', owned by then-Democrat presidential candidate [[Michael Bloomberg]], tried blaming Trump supporters for the [[Iowa caucus]] fiasco<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zKEipLNGFA</ref> after Democrat insiders stole election results from [[Bernie Sanders]] and attempted to hand a victory to [[Pete Buttigieg]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYQmD39tx3A</ref> Rep. [[Sheila Jackson Lee]] blamed Russia.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/02/06/democrat-congresswoman-blames-iowa-caucus-disaster-on-russia/</ref> The [[Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS), working in coordination with state elections officers, have an existing relationship to ensure computer systems and data collection systems are safe and secure. The DHS reported their offer to review the data system was rebuked by the Iowa Democrat Party.<ref>https://youtu.be/v5hfbALvhMo</ref>

===The 'hoax' hoax===
President Trump referred to Democrats' efforts to politicize the [[coronavirus]] outbreak as their new hoax;<ref>https://www.nysun.com/national/a-sickening-press-tries-to-blame-trump/91035/</ref> liberal media and Democrats immediately and deliberately twisted President Trump's words out of context to fit their narrative by claiming that he called the coronavirus a "hoax".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I08ZZzP53Wg Gutfeld on the media "hoax" hoax] at Fox News YouTube channel</ref>

Politico and MSNBC willingly peddled the Trump "hoax" story,<ref>https://checkyourfact.com/2020/02/29/fact-check-donald-trump-coronavirus-hoax-south-carolina-rally/</ref> as did [[Joe Biden]], [[Michael Bloomberg]], [[Pete Buttigieg]], Rep [[Ted Lieu]], Senate minority leader [[Chuck Schumer]] and former Democrat Virginia governor [[Terry McAuliffe]].<ref>[https://dailycaller.com/2020/03/05/donald-trump-coronavirus-hoax-media-politicians/ Here Are The Politicians And Media Outlets Pushing The Claim That Trump Called The Coronavirus A ‘Hoax’] at the Daily Caller</ref>

As the outbreak progressed in the United States, the anti-Trump mainstream media were more concerned with instilling panic and blaming President Trump than informing the public on critical precautionary measures to avoid unnecessary strains on the healthcare and economic system.

===Chinese propaganda===
The first case of [[COVID-19]] was medically verified in China on December 8, 2019 and first death occurred on December 9. The doctor who reported on the first verified cases posted on [[social media]] was forced to plead guilty to "rumormongering" and disrupting social order in late December 2019. The Beijing central government attempted to hide the outbreak from the people of Wuhan and the world. The [[Chinese Communist Party]] finally admitted publicly that a full blown [[pandemic]] was occurring in Wuhan on January 23, 2020, and the doctor who first warned the public and was convicted of a crime for doing so died on February 4, 2020. Eight hundred million people expressed their condolences on Chinese social media in 24 hours after his death was announced.

To save face for the Communist regime's deliberately incompetent handling of the COVID-19 outbreak in their country, the Chinese foreign ministry falsely accused the [[United States]] of being responsible for the corona virus outbreak.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fg7FwHteB0I</ref> On March 12, 2020 the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman initiated a [[conspiracy theory]] that the US military started the coronavirus in China,<ref> https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1238150527751319575</ref><ref>https://news.trust.org/item/20200312152307-rlv7m</ref> Leftist media in the United States aided Chinese propaganda efforts by calling those who link the virus' origin to China were it originated as "[[racist]]s".<ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/13/dems-media-warned-new-narrative-aids-chinas-new-conspiracy-us-military-started-covid-19-896694</ref><ref>https://www.bizpacreview.com/2020/03/15/nbc-news-ny-times-running-chinese-propaganda-criticizing-us-erick-erickson-points-out-897729</ref>

==2016 Presidential election==
:{{main|Mainstream media and Donald Trump}}
In the synergy between the U.S. intelligence apparatus and their media agents, the CIA, DOJ and State Department have specific outlets assigned to public relations.

A long-tracked pattern reflects the DOJ and FBI leak their PR needs to the ''New York Times''. The preferred outlet for the U.S. State Department is CNN; and the ''Washington Pos''t generally comes out first with leaks in defense of the CIA agenda. This pattern has been remarkably consistent for years.

===Trump-Russia collusion hoax===
[[File:Mifsud with Boris Johnson.jpeg|right|350px|thumb|'''FBI / CIA spy [[Joseph Mifsud]] (left) with [[UK]] prime minister [[Boris Johnson]] (center)''' two weeks after [[George Papadopoulos]]' plea agreement in the [[Mueller investigation]].<ref>https://www.politico.eu/article/boris-johnson-pictured-with-london-professor-from-fbi-russia-probe/amp/</ref> The entire Trump-Russia conspiracy hoax was hatched by [[Obama administration|Obama]] CIA director [[John Brennan]] on the false allegation that Mifsud was a Russian agent. Mifsud had been working for Brennan and [[Jimmy the Weasel]] Comey all along.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUZ8XI_ncas Why the Mifsud Story Matters], DECLASSIFIED with Gina Shakespeare,- ''The Epoch Times'', Aug 5, 2019.</ref>]]
It has been confirmed that many fake news sites were actually created and managed by liberal Democrats ("false flag" operations) who support [[Hillary Clinton]] and oppose [[Donald Trump]] who engage in their [[Deceit|deception]] in an attempt to discredit conservatives and Trump.<ref name="NPR"/><ref>Dewey, Caitlin (November 17, 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2016/11/17/facebook-fake-news-writer-i-think-donald-trump-is-in-the-white-house-because-of-me/?utm_term=.b3656316a9a1 Facebook fake-news writer: ‘I think Donald Trump is in the White House because of me’]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> One of them, Jestin Coler, a Democrat and Clinton supporter who owns the company Disinfomedia, runs several fake news sites that create "conservative" fake news stories.<ref name="NPR">Sydell, Laura (November 23, 2016). "[https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/23/503146770/npr-finds-the-head-of-a-covert-fake-news-operation-in-the-suburbs We Tracked Down A Fake-News Creator In The Suburbs. Here's What We Learned]." ''NPR''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref>

A topic of fake news stories after the 2016 election was whether there was violence between Trump supporters and opponents. After the 2016 election, several violent and disturbing anti-Trump attacks occurred throughout the nation against Trump supporters or supposed Trump supporters. Despite these attacks, liberals and leftists only focused on alleged "attacks" by Trump supporters against minorities and others (the leftist narrative, although being blatantly false and one-sided, fits their manufactured narrative that Trump supporters are "racist" and "evil" and that leftists are "tolerant" and "forgiving"). Fox News found that despite the number of real anti-Trump attacks which went largely unreported, several of the "pro-Trump" attacks were hoaxes.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/05/facebook-live-attack-latest-in-string-anti-trump-assaults.html Facebook Live attack the latest in string of anti-Trump assaults]. ''Fox News''. January 5, 2017. Retrieved January 8, 2017.</ref>

One widely shared fake story, spread by the mainstream media, that Trump's election had led to a rise in anti-Semitism by white supremcists—it turned out that bomb threats at a synagogue were actually carried out by "an African-American left-wing journalist" and a "Jewish teenager in Israel, with dual citizenship in the U.S."<ref>Pollak, Joel (March 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/29/fake-news-donald-trump-antisemitism-vindicated/ Donald Trump Vindicated: Antisemitism Surge ‘Fake News’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 29, 2017.</ref>

Following the 2016 election in which Trump won, [[liberals]], the [[mainstream media]], and [[social media]] had misapplied the term "fake news" to make the false accusation that [[Alternative Media|alternative news]] and Russian sources are "deliberately lying" to their readers, listeners, and viewers, and that these "lies" helped elect [[Donald Trump]] [[President of the United States]]. The liberal-pushed "fake news" accusations are a form of [[conspiracy theory]]. However, the [[mainstream media]] itself publishes and promotes fake news stories,<ref>Heinlein, Peter (May 30, 2017). [https://www.voanews.com/a/donald-trump-frustrated-fake-news-overlooks-accomplishments/3878266.html Trump Frustrated by 'Fake News' That Overlooks His Accomplishments]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved June 26, 2017.</ref> from appearing in its nightly network newscasts, on its cable news channels, in its newspapers and on its websites (including Facebook). The MSM has allegedly been adopting safeguards to prevent itself from reporting fake news stories,<ref name="Tech Crunch"/><ref name="Barron"/> but it has been unsuccessful based on more recent examples.

====Russia hacked the DNC====
The Mueller probe provided no evidence that Russia hacked the DNC. In fact, Special Counsel Robert Mueller was threatened with contempt of court by federal Dc district court Dabney Friedrich for making public statements that the government of Russia was involved in so-called "Russian meddling" in the 2016 elections.

No evidence has ever been presented the Russians, Russian entities, or the Russian government ever hacked, or attempted to hack, the servers of the [[Democratic National Committee]]. Russians did, however, make failed efforts to hack into the voter rolls of state election boards, notably those maintained by [[Georgia]] Secretary of State [[Brian Kemp]]. The Obama White House, however, at the direction of [[Susan Rice]] and others, conflated the issue of Russian attempted hacking of state election boards with the release of DNC emails by [[WikiLeaks]].

Disgraced FBI director [[James Comey]] testified to Congress that the [[FBI]] never examined DNC servers to determine if they had indeed been hacked, and by who. Evidence suggests the public disclosure of [[John Podesta]], [[Debbie Wasserman Schultz]], and other Democratic operatives' emails came from an inside [[whistleblower]] source. Some speculate the inside [[leak]]er was [[Seth Rich]], whose murder, like the DNC breach itself, was never fully investigated. The fake news narrative of "Russia hacked the DNC," was coined by [[CrowdStrike|a private security firm hired by the DNC]] after the security breach was discovered.

The only known evidence that exists points to an inside leaker, who downloaded the DNC emails on a flash drive and likely forwarded them to WikiLeaks.

====Russia and James Comey====
[[File:DgKWrfIVMAANg8k.jpeg|right|300px|thumb]]
Former FBI Director [[James Comey]], during his testimony to Congress, debunked two fake news stories on ''The New York Times''<ref>Scarborough, Rowan (June 8, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/8/james-comey-debunks-new-york-times-story-fueled-un/ James Comey debunks New York Times story that fueled unproven Trump-Russia collusion]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> and CNN,<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (June 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/07/james-comey-testimony-proves-trump-right-cnn-wrong/ James Comey Testimony Proves Trump Right, CNN Wrong]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> respectively.

After several inaccuracies and flaws were found in a [[CNN]] article that attacked Trump and his allies over a Russia fund, CNN retracted the article.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/23/very-fake-news-after-breitbart-investigation-cnn-retracts-conspiracy-theory-hit-piece-attacking-trump-associates-over-russian-fund/ Very Fake News: After Breitbart Investigation, CNN Retracts Conspiracy Theory Hit Piece Attacking Trump, Associates Over Russian Fund]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref><ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 24, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/24/cnn-under-fire-very-fake-news-network-hit-from-all-sides-as-breitbart-investigation-forces-rare-retraction/ CNN Under Fire: ‘Very Fake News’ Network Hit from All Sides as Breitbart Investigation Forces Rare Retraction]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.</ref> Three CNN employees resigned due to the resulting scandal.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/26/three-employees-resign-from-cnn-amid-very-fake-news-scandal/ Three Employees Resign from CNN Amid Very Fake News Scandal]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</ref><ref>Adams, Becket (June 26, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/three-cnn-staffers-quit-over-retracted-story/article/2627155 Three CNN staffers quit over retracted story]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</ref>

ABC News ran a banner headline claiming [[Paul Manafort]] pled guilty to five counts of [[manslaughter]].

''The Washington Post'' falsely reported in August 2018 that the Trump Administration was denying passports to Hispanic Americans along the border with Mexico,<ref>Multiple references:
*Munro, Neil (August 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/08/30/state-dept-slams-wapo-claim-texas-latinos-are-being-denied-passports/ State Dept. Slams WaPo Claim Texas Latinos Are Being Denied Passports]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Munro, Neil (September 17, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/17/huffpo-whacks-washpo-for-claiming-trump-blocks-latino-passports/ Washington Post Busted for Fake News of Trump Admin ‘Denying Passports’ to Latinos]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (September 17, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/the-washington-posts-scoop-on-trump-revoking-visas-at-the-border-it-was-a-pile-of-garbage The Washington Post's 'scoop' on Trump revoking visas at the border — it was a pile of garbage]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref><ref name="NYTWaPoFake">Stoltzfoos, Rachel (September 18, 2018). [https://thefederalist.com/2018/09/18/legacy-outlets-add-two-botched-hit-pieces-pile-stinky-reporting-trump/ Legacy Outlets Add Two More Botched Hit Pieces To A Pile Of Stinky Reporting On Trump]. ''The Federalist''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref> and ''The New York Times'' falsely reported in September 2018 that UN Ambassador [[Nikki Haley]] spent $53,000 on curtains when they actually were approved during the Obama Administration.<ref name="NYTWaPoFake"/><ref>Multiple references:
*Flood, Brian (September 14, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/09/14/new-york-times-admits-creating-unfair-impression-about-nikki-haleys-53g-curtains-that-were-okd-by-obama-administration.html New York Times admits creating 'unfair impression' about Nikki Haley's $53G curtains that were OK'd by Obama administration]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
*Nolte, John (September 14, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/09/14/new-york-times-spreads-fake-news-about-nikki-haleys-52701-curtains/ New York Times Spreads Fake News About Nikki Haley’s $52,701 Curtains]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref>

====Transition and Presidency====
::{{See also|Trump Transition}}
At his first press conference as president-elect, [[Donald Trump]] described [[CNN]] as "fake news." Since becoming president, Trump has accused major news organizations with "fake news" and "very fake news." On February 17, 2017, Trump tweeted:<ref>Greenwood, Mark (February 17, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/320168-trump-the-media-is-the-enemy-of-the-american-people Trump tweets: The media is the 'enemy of the American people']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved February 27, 2017.</ref>
{{cquote|The FAKE NEWS media (failing @nytimes, @NBCNews, @ABC, @CBS, @CNN) is not my enemy, it is the enemy of the American People!}}
On November 27, 2017, President Trump tweeted:<ref>Spiering, Charlie (November 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/27/trump-proposes-fake-news-trophy-tv-networks-cnn/ Donald Trump Proposes ‘Fake News Trophy’ for TV Networks and CNN]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Fabian, Jordan (November 27, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/361932-trump-media-should-compete-for-fake-news-trophy Trump: Media should compete for 'FAKE NEWS TROPHY']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 28, 2017.</ref>
{{cquote|We should have a contest as to which of the Networks, plus CNN and not including Fox, is the most dishonest, corrupt and/or distorted in its political coverage of your favorite President (me). They are all bad. Winner to receive the FAKE NEWS TROPHY!}}
''The Washington Post'' reported in June 2017 of a meeting held between President Trump and [[Federal Communications Commission]] Chairman [[Ajit Pai]] that never occurred.<ref>Moran, Sean (June 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/23/fake-news-washington-post-invents-meeting-between-fcc-chair-ajit-pai-and-president-trump/ Fake News: Washington Post Invents Meeting Between FCC Chair Ajit Pai and President Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref>

Also in June 2017, ''The New York Times'' falsely stated that 17 U.S. intelligence agencies agreed with an assessment that Russia made hacks into the 2016 presidential election – the actual number was four, with one dissenting from the report's conclusions.<ref>Mason, Ian (June 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/30/nyt-turns-out-17-intelligence-agencies-was-fake-news/ New York Times: Turns Out ‘17 Intelligence Agencies’ Was Fake News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref> The Associated Press reported, and retracted, the same falsehood.<ref>Klein, Aaron (July 1, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/07/01/fake-news-associated-press-clarifies-17-intel-agencies-did-not-assess-alleged-russia-interference/ Fake News: Associated Press Clarifies 17 U.S. Intel Agencies Did Not Assess Russia ‘Interference’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref> Obama Administration [[Director of National Intelligence]] confirmed that "the report itself makes it clear that it was the three agencies plus the Office of the Director of National Intelligence that put this intelligence community assessment together."<ref>Poor, Jeff (July 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2017/07/07/fmr-obama-dni-clapper-3-4-intelligence-agencies-agreed-russian-interference-wasnt-17/ Fmr Obama DNI Clapper: Only 3 or 4 Intelligence Agencies Agreed on Russian Interference — ‘It Wasn’t 17’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 7, 2017.</ref>

In May 2018, left-wing activists and some members of the mainstream media, such as New York Times Magazine editor-in-chief Jake Silverstein and NPR, shared pictures of detained illegal immigrant children sleeping in cages and blamed the Trump Administration for it despite those pictures having been taken during the Obama Administration.<ref>Multiple references:
*Flood, Brian (May 29, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/05/29/embarrassment-for-new-york-times-as-top-editor-falls-for-old-photo-amid-weekend-misleading-anti-trump-tweets.html Embarrassment for New York Times as top editor falls for old photo amid weekend of misleading anti-Trump tweets]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
*Starr, Penny (May 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/05/30/aclu-npr-use-2014-claims-to-trash-trump-policy/ ACLU, NPR Use 2014 Immigration Claims to Trash Trump Policy]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
*Mikelionis, Lukas (May 28, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/05/28/former-obama-official-liberal-activists-share-2014-photos-from-detention-facility-as-swipe-at-trump.html Former Obama official, liberal activists share 2014 photos from detention facility as swipe at Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
*Spiering, Charlie (May 29, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/05/29/donald-trump-rips-democrats-for-tweeting-border-pictures-from-2014/ Donald Trump Rips Democrats for Tweeting Border Pictures from 2014]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 29, 2018.</ref> An Associated Press report discussing alleged abuse at an illegal immigrant detention center left out the fact that Obama was president when the abuse happened.<ref>Scarry, Eddie (June 21, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/ap-report-on-alleged-illegal-immigrant-abuse-at-detention-centers-omits-obama-was-president-at-time AP report on alleged illegal immigrant abuse at detention centers omits Obama was president at time]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 21, 2018.</ref> Other media sources have published fake news about President Trump's immigration policies.<ref>Binder, John (June 1, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/06/01/establishment-media-issues-four-corrections-after-falsely-claiming-trump-separating-families-at-border/ Establishment Media Issues Four Corrections After Falsely Claiming Trump Separating Families at Border]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 2, 2018.</ref><ref>Nolte, John (July 9, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/07/09/associated-press-becomes-fake-news-factory-with-immigration-lies/ Associated Press Becomes Fake News Factory with Immigration Lies]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 9, 2018.</ref>

When President Trump criticized liberal environmental idiocy and forest management for failure to clean up fallen dead wood which provided the fuel for deadly California wildfires,<ref>https://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/editorials/article216320500.html</ref> mainstream fake news organizations reported it as if the President was criticizing firefighters.<ref>https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/11/11/politics/california-wildfires-trump-tweets/index.html</ref> CNN reported the bald face lies that the President had "attacked firefighters" and was "threatening to withhold aid to the victims."

In June 2019, while attending the G-20 summit in OSAKA, Japan, President Trump and [[Vladimir Putin]] briefly discussed Fake News. President Trump offered disdain for the assembled media, during a meeting between the two nation leaders. This occurred shortly after Putin had celebrated the rise of the populist right in Europe and the United States and that, in his opinion, traditional "Western-style" liberalism had "become obsolete.” Trump stated, “Fake news is a great term, isn’t it? You don’t have this problem in Russia, but we do.” However Putin insisted in English, "We also have, It’s the same." When Mr. Trump was then asked by a news ''reporter'' if he would tell Russia not to meddle in American elections, Trump responded, “Yes, of course I will.” Mr. Trump then turned to Mr. Putin and said, "Don’t meddle in the election, President." Mr. Trump then pointed at another Russian official and repeated, “Don’t meddle in the election.” <ref>Peter Baker and Michael Crowley | ''New York Times'', Trump and Putin Share Joke About Election Meddling, Sparking New Furor, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/28/us/politics/trump-putin-election.html, June 28, 2019</ref> The follow up media coverage of the light-hearted warning Mr. Trump made to Mr. Putin resulted in claiming Trump is a national security risk and that he had "triggered a fresh furor over his accommodating approach to Russia."

In July 2019, Speaker [[Nancy Pelosi]] violated House Rules in a failed attempt to pass a House Resolution condemning President Trump for alleged "racist" tweets. Mainstream fake news sources used the events to categorically refer to President Trump's "racist attacks."

===Crisis on the border===
In January 2019 President Trump made a nationally televised address from the Oval Office to request funding from the Democratically controlled House for the growing humanitarian crisis on the Southern border.<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/president-trump/trump-makes-humanitarian-case-for-wall-calling-border-situation-%E2%80%98a-crisis-of-the-soul%E2%80%99/ar-BBRZJlh</ref> Democrats and the [[mainstream media]] called it a "manufactured crisis,"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8K8dwSt1hog&feature=youtu.be</ref> denying such a crisis existed.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2019/07/03/x-times-the-media-said-there-was-no-crisis-at-the-southern-border/</ref> After a photo of the bodies of a father and his 23 month old daughter who drowned in the [[Rio Grande]] river trying to enter the United States illegally was widely published,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PxNj4_mEVg</ref> some Democrats, most notably [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]], falsely charged the U.S. with maintaining "[[concentration camp]]s" on the Southern border since the Obama era,<ref>https://www.ushmm.org/information/press/press-releases/statement-regarding-the-museums-position-on-holocaust-analogies</ref><ref>Walter Shaub was the Obama era director of the United States Office of Government Ethics, now Senior Director of the election law organization Campaign Legal Center. https://archive.fo/tMEu5</ref> forcing migrants to drink toilet water,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q48Ch_6kU5A</ref><ref>https://www.businessinsider.in/photo-shows-hybrid-of-toilet-and-drinking-fountain-in-migrant-detention-centers-where-women-allegedly-had-to-drink-from-the-bowl/articleshow/70041097.cms</ref> and then voted ''against'' bills to provide funding for humanitarian relief.<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2019/06/28/ocasio-cortez-senate-mcconnell-house-border-bill-tapper/</ref>

==Other examples of fake news==
While many examples of fake news appeared during Donald Trump's presidency, the problem existed long before his election.<ref>Miller, S.A. (December 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/dec/30/donald-trumps-fake-news-call-often-real/ 'Fake news' a real problem long before Trump era, media watchdogs say]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2018.</ref>

One of the more infamous examples of fake news was when former CBS News anchor [[Dan Rather]] used forgeries of the Killian Documents on George W. Bush's service record in order to sway the 2004 election, which resulted in his firing after being exposed. See [[Rathergate]] for more details.

[[File:Rice Benghazi.jpg|right|350px|thumb|Obama National Security Advisor Susan Rice putting out the fake news narrative that a planned terrorist attack and massacre of Americans was only a spontaneous riot spawned out of a peaceful demonstration.]]
Obama National Security Advisor [[Susan Rice]] appeared on the five major network Sunday talk shows to put out an official fake news narrative that a [[terrorist]] attack against Americans two months before a presidential election was only a peaceful demonstration that turned into a riot. Despite evidence the contrary, many mainstream news organizations adopted the fake news narrative as fact for its viewers and readers and branded skeptics as conspiracy theorists and racists who opposed a black president.

The most common example of fake news is the "click bait" ads that appear on social media sites saying "Hollywood prepares to say good-bye to [name of celebrity]" implying that the celebrity has just died. People then click on the ad to visit a website to learn about the celebrity's death, which boosts the number of page views on that site. However, the fake news will trend if more people start re-tweeting or sharing the item without visiting the underlying website in the belief that the celebrity has just died.

Fake news is frequently used by radical Islamic terrorists to recruit new adherents. The terrorists will either create or embellish fake news accounts of anti-Islamic acts to radicalize members in target populations. For example, terrorists would spread news accounts of people urinating on the Koran at U.S. military prisons. Another fake news item was that a U.S. company was hiring mercenaries to kill ISIS militants.<ref name=snopes/> Again, the emotional impact of the fake news assured that it would spread quickly through social media.

According to FBI cyber experts, during the 2016 presidential election, Russians used armies of Twitter bots to spread fake news using accounts that seem to be Midwestern swing-voter Republicans.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/04/03/522503844/how-russian-twitter-bots-pumped-out-fake-news-during-the-2016-election|title=How Russian Twitter Bots Pumped Out Fake News During The 2016 Election|date=April 3, 2017|work=NPR|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref> Leading up to the March 15, 2017 election in the Netherlands, Russia was found to use social media to spread "fake news" to influence public opinion.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-spread-fake-news-during-dutch-election-report-putin/|title=Russia spread fake news during Dutch election: report|date=April 4, 2017|work=Politico|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref>

One possible example of fake news was the announcement by the [[mainstream media]] that [[Fidel Castro]] died at age 90 on November 25, 2016.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2016/11/26/americas/fidel-castro-obit/</ref> In fact, the [[Obama Administration]] and major news outlets were likely aware that Castro had died of a terminal illness many years earlier. Indeed, [[Obama]] did not even mention, let alone visit, Castro during Obama's visit to Cuba in March 2016, and neither the president, vice-president, or other high-ranking elected official of the United States attended Castro's "funeral".

One fake news item from ''Freedom Daily'' in February 2017 was: "BREAKING: Federal Judge Just Officially Ruled CNN Is FAKE NEWS And Forces SHOCKING Punishment On Them!" However, this was a misreporting of a Georgia federal district court judge denying CNN's motion for summary judgment in a defamation action filed by a hospital executive against CNN. No "shocking punishment" was involved and the case will go to trial on the merits.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/cnn-fake-news/|title=Did a Judge Rule That CNN Is 'Fake News'?|date=Feb 17, 2017|accessdate=April 5, 2017|work=Snopes}}</ref>

A poorly-sourced February 4 ''Washington Post'' article claimed a feud existed between DHS Secretary [[John F. Kelly]] and [[Steve Bannon]], when in fact, none existed. The article's author was forced to admit his error.<ref>Hayward, John (February 8, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/02/08/fake-news-dhs-secretary-calls-wapo-john-kelly-steve-bannon-feud-a-fantasy-story/ Fake News: DHS Secretary Calls WaPo ‘John Kelly-Steve Bannon Feud’ a ‘Fantasy Story’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 18, 2017.</ref> In June 2017, the [[Associated Press]] reported, and later corrected, a story that EPA Administrator [[Scott Pruitt]] met with Dow Chemical CEO Andrew Liveris – something which did not actually happen.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (June 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/30/fake-news-associated-press-engulfed-in-cnn-level-scandal-as-it-covers-up-invention-of-imaginary-pruitt-meeting/ Fake News: Associated Press Engulfed in CNN-Level Scandal as It Covers Up Invention of Imaginary Pruitt Meeting]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref>

In November 2017, ''The Washington Post'' claimed that the conservative [[Breitbart News]] created the nickname "Mr. Perfect" when referring to [[Jared Kushner]], while in reality, Kushner's own companies created the nickname to promote themselves in China.<ref>Mason, Ian (November 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/27/wapo-forgets-kushners-came-up-with-mr-perfect-on-their-own/ WaPo Forgets Kushners Came Up with ‘Mr. Perfect’ on Their Own]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2017.</ref> Also in November 2017, [[MSNBC]]'s ''Morning Joe'' show was caught broadcasting a pre-taped post-Thanksgiving show while pretending on air to be broadcasting live.<ref>Rodriguez, Katherine (November 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/11/26/fake-news-morning-joe-caught-pretending-pre-taped-day-thanksgiving-show-live/ Fake News: Morning Joe Caught Pretending Pre-Taped Day After Thanksgiving Show Was Live]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2017.</ref>

In April 2018, the Associated Press and ''The Washington Post'' falsely claimed that the NRA decided to ban concealed carry at an upcoming speech by Vice President [[Mike Pence]] at its convention, when it was actually the Secret Service that forced the organization to do so.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hawkins, Awr (April 30, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/04/30/fake-news-ap-wapo-claim-nra-bans-guns-at-mike-pence-speech/ Fake News: AP, WaPo Claim NRA Bans Guns at Mike Pence Speech]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
*Adelmann, Bob (May 1, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/28948-more-fake-news-nra-bans-guns-at-its-own-convention More Fake News: NRA Bans Guns at Its Own Convention!] ''The New American''. Retrieved May 1, 2018.
*Richardson, Bradford (April 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/30/associated-press-issues-correction-report-nra-bann/ AP issues correction on report that NRA banned guns for Mike Pence speech]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
*Concha, Joe (April 30, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/385563-ap-corrects-earlier-report-that-nra-banned-guns-at-pence-speech AP corrects earlier report that NRA banned guns at Pence speech]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 30, 2018.</ref>

In June 2019, ''MSNBC'' news anchor [[Kasie Hunt]] spread the Fake News narrative that 2020 Democratic Presidential candidate [[Joe Biden]] mentioned being able to work with [[Segregationists]] who were misidentified as "Republicans". Joe Biden did specifically name two segregationist Senators: James Eastland of [[Mississippi]] and Herman Talmadge of [[Georgia]]. However, both men were "proud, card-carrying members of the Democrat Party".<ref>Kasie Hunt Spreads Fake News Biden’s Segregationist Pals Were ‘Republicans’, https://www.teaparty.org/kasie-hunt-spreads-fake-news-bidens-segregationist-pals-were-republicans-368762/, June 19, 2019</ref><ref>U.S. Breaking News, Kasie Hunt Spreads Fake News Biden’s Segregationist Pals Were ‘Republicans’, https://usbreakingnews.net/2019/06/20/kasie-hunt-spreads-fake-news-bidens-segregationist-pals-were-republicans/, June 20, 2019</ref>

While a relatively unimportant example, many media outlets reported December 31, 2019, as the last day of the decade when 2020 was also part of the same decade.<ref>Byas, Steve (January 1, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/item/34492-end-of-decade-stories-illustrate-how-media-perpetuates-false-narratives “End of Decade” Stories Illustrate How Media Perpetuates False Narratives]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.</ref>

=== CNN's promotion of fake news ===
[[File:Ralph Northam (D-VA) in blackface.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Democrat shill [[Don Lemon]] (left); Democratic Governor Ralph Northam (in blackface) (right).]]
In first half of 2017, [[CNN]]'s market share relative to its competitors saw a marked decline.<ref>[http://www.dailywire.com/news/18088/death-spiral-along-its-credibility-cnn-ratings-john-nolte Death Spiral: Along With Its Credibility, CNN Ratings Collapse], Daily Wire, 2017.</ref> In addition, it faced repeated losses of its credibility through its lapses of journalistic judgment and ethical lapses.<ref>
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FpMb6dATfo CNN faces credibility crisis over Trump coverage]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-X2jG5hdl4 Tucker: When did CNN become internet morality police?]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WOOYIa-sOB4 CNN IS FAKE NEWS] by Stefan Molyneux
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjkdfdFbeFk The news keeps getting worse for CNN as #CNNBlackmail trends]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCewpjd2Yfc CNN Threatens Reddit User For Exercising Free Speech | #CNNBlackmail]
</ref> President [[Donald Trump]] publicly says CNN produces "fake news" and he also told a CNN reporter that CNN produces "very fake news".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-7nkj26edA Trump to CNN: "Very Fake News"]</ref> Subsequently, CNN has been derided as being "FNN: Fake News Network".<ref>[https://insider.foxnews.com/2017/06/27/president-trump-blasts-cnn-retracted-russia-story-fake-news 'Fake News Network': Trump Blasts CNN for Retracted Russia Story], Fox News Network</ref>

In May 2017, a CNN program claimed that [[Islam]] "has always been part of the American fabric" even as far back as the American Revolution, despite the apparent contradiction with the historical record.<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (May 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/05/29/cnns-crusade-declare-islam-part-americas-founding/ CNN’s W. Kamau Bell: Islam Part of America’s Founding]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 29, 2017.</ref>

On March 28, 2018, CNN anchor Chris Cuomo falsely claimed that "no one [is] calling for Second Amendment repeal", even though, former Supreme Court Justice [[John Paul Stevens]], among other left-wingers, had very recently and notably called for just that.<ref>Multiple references:
*Nolte, John (March 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/03/28/fake-news-cnns-cuomo-says-no-one-calling-for-2nd-amendment-repeal-they-are/ Fake News: CNN’s Cuomo Says ‘No One Calling for 2nd Amendment Repeal’ (They Are)]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
*Kugle, Andrew (March 28, 2018). [https://freebeacon.com/issues/cnns-cuomo-no-one-calling-repeal-second-amendment/ CNN’s Cuomo: No One Is Calling for Repeal of Second Amendment]. ''The Washington Free Beacon''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (March 28, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/cnn-host-apparently-unaware-that-several-people-have-called-for-the-repeal-of-the-second-amendment CNN host apparently unaware that people have indeed called for the repeal of the Second Amendment]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 28, 2018.</ref>

Sometime before January 6, 2017, [[DNI]] [[James Clapper]] briefed opposition research talking points, manufactured by the Clinton campaign in the ''[[Steele dossier]]'', to [[Jake Tapper]] of CNN. The salacious innuendo lacked verification and a " news hook" for CNN to report. Clapper instructed [[FBI]] Director [[James Comey]] to brief President-elect Trump on the allegations. Clapper immediately leaked the fact Trump had been briefed, creating the "news hook" CNN was looking for to publicize the existence of the ''Steele dossier''. FBI counter-intelligence investigator [[Peter Strzok]] then used the fake news report to justify interviewing [[National Security Advisor]] [[Michael Flynn]] and lay a perjury trap,<ref>https://saraacarter.com/who-will-investigate-the-fbi-and-doj-top-secret-leaks-to-the-media/?utm=pushnami</ref> thwarting the new president's [[foreign policy]] agenda. Clapper was rewarded with a job at CNN afterward.<ref>''[https://www.scribd.com/document/377590825/HPSCI-Final-Report-on-Russian-Active-Measures-Redacted-Release Russian Active Measures in the 2016 Election''], House Permanent Sub Committee on Intelligence, March 22, 2017, pp. 107-108.</ref><ref>[https://www.themarketswork.com/2018/04/27/clapper-leaks-twice-to-cnn-brennan-stands-in-the-shadows-a-russian-narrative-is-born/ Clapper Leaks Twice to CNN. Brennan Stands in the Shadows. A Russian Narrative is Born,] Jeff Carlson, April 27, 2018.</ref><ref>[https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/04/20/anatomy-of-a-political-smear-confirmed-james-comey-january-briefing-was-scripted-by-clapper-and-brennan-to-create-media-narrative/ Anatomy of a Political Smear Confirmed – James Comey January Briefing Was Scripted by Clapper and Brennan To Create Media Narrative], by Sundance, April 20, 2018. theconservativetreehouse.com</ref>

In 2019, CNN falsely labeled liberal [[Democratic party|Democrat Virginia governor]] [[Ralph Northam]] a "Republican" when reporting a racist photo of himself while in medical school.<ref>Gualtieri, Allison Elyse (February 2, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/cnn-misidentifies-virginia-gov-ralph-northam-as-a-republican-during-his-apology-for-racist-yearbook-photo CNN misidentifies Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam as a Republican during his apology for racist yearbook photo]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved February 2, 2019.</ref><ref>Rodriguez, Katherine (February 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/02/01/watch-cnn-chyron-labels-virginia-gov-ralph-northam-a-republican/ WATCH: CNN Chyron Labels Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam a Republican]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 2, 2019.</ref>

In 2020, CNN tweeted that "Google will not be publishing a national-scale website for coronavirus testing anytime soon, contrary to claims made by President Trump during a news conference",<ref>https://twitter.com/cnn/status/1238718028566671360</ref> before claiming just a day later on their website that "Google will partner with US government to develop a nationwide coronavirus website".<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/google-trump-coronavirus-site/index.html?utm_content=2020-03-14T06%3A46%3A06&utm_medium=social&utm_term=link&utm_source=twCNN</ref>

[[File:Warren tweet.jpg|left|300px|thumb|[[Elizabeth Warren]] sent a fake news tweet claiming [[Mark Zuckerberg]] endorsed Donald Trump.]]
After Special Counsel [[Robert Mueller]] thoroughly debunked the [[Russiagate]] [[conspiracy theory]], CNN's [[Jim Sciutto]] attempted to resuscitate the discredited hoax alleging that the CIA had to extract a deep cover asset from Russia because of fear that President Trump would out the asset's identity to Vladimir Putin. The ''New York Times'', ''Washington Post'', and CIA were quick to refute the story. The extraction occurred because of [[John Brennan]] and [[Obama administration]] leaks in the early days of the Trump-Russia hoax that put in danger of exposure and the lives of CIA assets in Russia.<ref>https://www.redstate.com/streiff/2019/09/09/cnn-russian-spy-exfiltration-story-trips-bull-alarms-two-continents/</ref><ref>https://hotair.com/archives/ed-morrissey/2019/09/10/wapo-nyt-contra-cnn-trump-not-reason-cia-exfiltrated-asset-russia/</ref><ref>https://twitchy.com/samj-3930/2019/09/10/fusion-gps-hustle-timeline-of-who-met-who-and-when-in-buildup-of-cnns-latest-trump-russia-exclusive-is-all-so-damning/</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/themarketswork/status/1171072580901453825?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/aaronjmate/status/1171100680121176069?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw</ref>

In the Immanuel Christian School/Karen Pence [[hate crime hoax]], a 12-year-old girl claimed that three boys at Immanuel Christian School held her down and cut her dreadlocks while using the racially charged term "nappy." The wife of [[Vice President Mike Pence]], Karen Pence works at the school. CNN's [[Bakari Sellers]], NBC, CBS, CNN, ''[[The New York Times]]'', and [[The Washington Post]]'' all reported the incident nationwide and used the incident to attack Karen Pence.<ref>https://freebeacon.com/politics/hate-crime-media-used-to-attack-karen-pence-is-fake/</ref> The girl's family finally released a statement acknowledging the initial allegation was false. They apologized to all involved: "To those young boys and their parents, we sincerely apologize for the pain and anxiety these allegations have caused," they wrote. "To the administrators and families of Immanuel Christian School, we are sorry for the damage this incident has done to trust within the school family and the undue scorn it has brought to the school. To the broader community, who rallied in such passionate support for our daughter, we apologize for betraying your trust."<ref>https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/6th-Grade-Girl-Says-She-Lied-About-Boys-Cutting-Her-Dreadlocks-561784531.html</ref>

Even before the Trump Presidency, CNN had also engaged in fake news as well. In particular, its coverage of humanitarian crises in Kosovo as well as locations such as Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti, Macedonia, Bosnia, Ecuador, East Timor, Kuwait, Liberia, Albania, Congo, Gabon, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan, Sudan, and Iraq was strongly implied by Lt. Col. Robert "Buzz" Patterson of the Air Force to be the main reason why Bill Clinton had dispatched troops to those locations despite none of the mission parameters actually requiring direct American military aid, including the [[Kosovo War]] in the case of Kosovo.<ref>''Dereliction of Duty'' by Lt. Col. Robert "Buzz" Patterson, USAF (Ret.), Chapter 6, CNN Diplomacy, page 112-128.</ref>

===Deep state and fake news===
:{{See also|Media intelligence complex}}
The [[mainstream media]] has worked with the deep state intelligence agencies to promote fake news regarding the supposed [[Trump-Russia scandal]],<ref>Jasper, William F. (April 25, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25863-deep-state-and-fake-news Deep State and Fake News]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 3, 2018.</ref> and the alleged Russian hacking of John Podesta and DNC emails.

===2018 bomb hoax===
Just when things looked desperate for Democrats with unhinged mobs responding to the party's leadership, CNN reported it had received a mail bomb addressed to [[John Brennan]], who actually works for [[NBC]]. Nonetheless, CNN opened John Brennan's mail anyway, paused to take pictures of the alleged bomb resembling a Hollywood prop, before evacuating the building in a panic. Others received mailings as well.

Republicans were quick to condemn political violence,<ref>https://youtu.be/KwSGYUDQSuY</ref> unlike Democrat leaders, who were encouraging it.<ref>https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9115480/</ref> President Trump vowed to use all the resources of the federal government to find who was responsible.

As soon as CNN feed into the news cycle that the bombs were active, giving breaking news reports a life of their own, within hours the ''[[Associated Press]]'' reported, {{quotebox|"tests have determined that a powder found inside an envelope delivered to CNN along with a pipe bomb was harmless."<ref><big>7:50 p.m.

A law enforcement official says tests have determined that a powder found inside an envelope delivered to CNN along with a pipe bomb was harmless.

The official wasn’t authorized to discuss the investigation publicly and spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.

New York City’s police commissioner said earlier Wednesday that the package sent to CNN’s offices in Manhattan contained a live explosive and an envelope containing white powder.

The FBI said the package was similar to explosives sent to former President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, former Attorney General Eric Holder and billionaire [[George Soros]].

The package sent to CNN was addressed to former CIA Director John Brennan, a frequent guest on the channel. The official says that parcel contained no note or claim of responsibility.</big> [https://www.apnews.com/5c93ac06309c4ce88e8 cd5023f89feca Tom Hays, ''Associated Press'', October 24, 2018].</ref>}} None of this stopped CNN and other mainstream sources from failing to clarify the facts, or whipping up anti-Trump hysteria.

None of the bombs were active, and the alleged bomber didn't know how to build a bomb anyway. The alleged bombs lacked a detonator device, were made with PVC tubing instead of lead, and packed with a harmless powder.<ref>https://www.nationalreview.com/news/cnn-pipe-bomb-white-powder-harmless-law-enforcement-report/</ref> [[File:98% of straight men will not date trans women because of hate.jpeg|thumb|right|225px|A typical fake news poll.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdQZkG2dOkE</ref>]]

===Mangled statistics===
A ''Washington Post'' article claimed that 4.2 percent of American children had witnessed a shooting<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/06/20/19-children-are-shot-every-day-in-the-united-states/ 19 kids are shot every day in the United States]</ref> (this is one in 24). This was based on a survey question which they (deliberately? negligently?) misinterpreted:
:The actual question the researchers asked was, "At any time in (your child’s/your) life, (was your child/were you) in any place in real life where (he/she/you) could see or hear people being shot, bombs going off, or street riots?"<ref>[https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/commentary/2017/06/27/news-organizations-including-one-unintentionally-misinformed-public-guns How news organizations, including this one, unintentionally misinformed the public on guns]</ref>
So they mixed in "witnessed a shooting" with "heard a street riot", etc.

== Identifying fake news ==
The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) has a checklist to assist people to recognize fake news:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.ifla.org/lpa/files/2017/01/How-to-Spot-Fake-News-1.jpg|title=How to Spot Fake News|date=January 27, 2017|website=IFLA blogs|access-date=February 16, 2017}}</ref>
# Consider the source (to understand its mission and purpose)
# Read beyond the headline (to understand the whole story)
# Check the authors (to see if they are real and credible)
# Assess the supporting sources (to ensure they support the claims)
# Check the date of publication (to see if the story is relevant and up to date)
# Ask if it is a joke (to determine if it is meant to be [[satire]])
# Review your own biases (to see if they are affecting your judgment)
# Ask experts (to get confirmation from independent people with knowledge).

===Reputation of the author===
Ultimately, a judgment about fake news rests on the reputation of its author, and the reputation and editorial stance of a news organization or book publisher. Longevity is not in and of itself proof a publication or publishing house is an established reputable service. ''[[Newsweek]]'' magazine, for instance, was once established as a "moderate" or right-leaning weekly news source to counter the perceived leftwing bias of ''[[Time magazine|Time]]'' magazine. It has since ceased publication as a print journal, and the name - ''Newsweek'' - was sold as an established, existing tradename, only to reappear online as a mainstream news source for some of the most outrageous left-wing lunacy.

In the United States the ''[[New Republic]]'', established before World War I, is considered the granddaddy of modern liberal thought, whereas the ''[[National Review]]'' established in the 1950s is considered its modern conservative counterpart. ''[[The Nation]]'' has long been deemed the voice of more marginalized [[progressive]] thinking. While staff management and editorial views have evolved over many decades, any author moving from one of these publications to another generally have professional reputations as traditional ethical journalists, unlike modern broadcast journalists, or what passes as "ethics" taught in some of the nation's most prestigious journalism and broadcast schools today.

Among book publishers, St. Martin's Press is considered a mainstream book publisher for [[Democrat]]s which no other mainstream publisher would stake its reputation on, and Regnery is considered its [[Republican]] counterpart.

The challenge for young readers is to discern good, solid, factual reporting in the internet era, at a time when an explosion of anonymous blog sites are threatening the existence of a dying print and cable news broadcast industry.<ref>A prime example of [[Joseph Schumpeter]]'s [[creative destruction]].</ref> Again the reputation of the author is all pervasive. This requires follow-up and holding the author (whether anonymous or a pseudonym) accountable, and not seeking [[confirmation bias]] in how a reader informs themselves.

===Holding the author accountable===
As can be seen, the reputation of a news organization or individual journalist can change over time, to either improve or lose credibility.

''[[The New Yorker]]'' for example, once had a reputation for vigorous fact-checking. However, after such stories on the credibility of [[Wikipedia]], its fictionalized account of the death of [[bin Laden]], its hit piece on the person and character of ''American Sniper'' hero [[Chris Kyle]], and it's partisan, sloppy, and outrageous attacks on [[Brett Kavanaugh]], have called ''The New Yorker's'' viability as a reputable source into question.

Ronan Farrow, who writes for the ''New Yorker'' appeared as a bright and shining rising star in the field of investigative journalism, at a moment when public perception of journalists was at its lowest. Farrow fearlessly wrote about the deviant sexual predations of Democrat kingpins and mega-donors such as [[Harvey Weinstein]] and others, for which he won a [[Pulitzer Prize]]. Farrow even described the intimidation tactics wealthy predators use against female victims and himself by hired thugs and ex-intelligence agents to silence people. Farrow was a hero of the [[MeToo movement]]. Then Farrow tossed his reputation to the wind by signing his name to unsubstantiated smears, which his own reporting debunked, in a vicious partisan smear of [[Judge Brett Kavanaugh]]. Farrow sold out, and his actions now have the opposite effect of adding credibility to the defense and rehabilitation of Harvey Weinstein.

===Circular reporting or wrap up smear===
A '''wrap up smear''',<ref>https://youtu.be/SMJdDwQlcc8</ref> also known as a '''circular reporting''', '''circular journalism''' or an '''echo chamber''', occurs when [[partisan]] sources [[leak]] false information to journalists then use those same published accounts to validate their claims.

Several instances in recent memory illustrate the technique during the [[Trump-Russia collusion hoax]] and the [[Kavanaugh smear]]. In Trump-Russia, a false allegation that Trump colluded with Russia was [[leak]]ed by Democratic operatives to get news organizations to publicize the claim, then biased [[Obama administration]] employees used those news stories as supposed evidence to obtain FBI [[surveillance]] warrants on the Trump campaign.

CNN, the ''Washington Post'', the ''New York Times'' and numerous other organizations reported fabricated information by anonymous sources throughout 2016, 2017, and 2018. The published reports became the basis of the [[Trump-Russia conspiracy hoax]] and [[FISA abuse]] scandal. When mainstream media published the false information, the Obama FBI, Justice Department, CIA and [[DNI]] used the fake news (originating with themselves) as supposed corroboration from "independent journalists" to begin investigations, interviews, perjury traps, seek warrants, perform [[Gang of Eight]] briefings, and appoint a [[Mueller office|Special Prosecutor]] to pursue political objectives.
*[[Michael Sussmann]] who worked with the general counsel of the Clinton campaign and the DNC gave fake evidence to the FBI and ''New York Times'' that a webserver in Trump Tower was communicating with a Russian bank. The smears were found to be without foundation.<ref>https://themarketswork.com/2019/01/21/baker-testimony-reveals-perkins-coie-lawyer-provided-fbi-with-information-on-alfa-bank-allegations/</ref>
*[[Christopher Steele]] who worked for Hillary Clinton gave false evidence to the FBI and numerous mainstream media outlets that [[Carter Page]] was a Russian spy, when in fact Page was a former FBI informant who helped jail Russian spies.
*Steele gave bogus sexual innuendo about Trump to the FBI; [[DNI]] [[James Clapper]] leaked to CNN than that Trump had been briefed on the information, thus creating a "Breaking News" story.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/04/20/anatomy-of-a-political-smear-confirmed-james-comey-january-briefing-was-scripted-by-clapper-and-brennan-to-create-media-narrative/</ref>

In the Kavanaugh smear, false sexual abuse allegations were leaked by Senate Democrat committee staffers to produce sensationalized headlines and martial public pressure in an emotional cause.

Sen. [[Dianne Feinstein]] or a staffer leaked a letter from Dr. [[Christine Blasey Ford]] to the ''Washington Post'' alleging notes from a therapist and a polygraph exam were material evidence of a sexual assault, sparking a hue and cry on the [[Left]] for extended nomination hearings and FBI investigation of [[Judge Kavanaugh]]. The alleged "material evidence" was never provided to the FBI or Senate Judiciary Committee for examination and consideration, and the accuser caught in a series of conflicting sworn public statements.

===Mainstream false reporting of the Russia collusion hoax and impeachment inquiry===
[[File:27067022 1565197686869300 6687960957434384962 n.jpg|right|250px|thumb|The Russian's did not "hack the vote" as [[Obama administration]] and mainstream media sources alleged.]]
These mainstream journalists and news organizations in one capacity or other were willing participants in the [[Trump-Russia collusion hoax]]. The plan to exonerate Hillary Clinton of criminal charges, sabotage Donald Trump's election chances, and later his presidency, originated with corrupt elements of the [[Obama administration]], in collusion with the [[Democratic party]]. Allies opposed to Trump's demand that [[NATO]] members give more to fund the alliance, and Russian sources feeding Democrats false information also contributed.

These journalists reported fake news from the [[Hillary Clinton]] funded ''[[Steele dossier]]'', which Hillary Clinton paid foreign agents, including Russian agents, to interfere in the [[2016 presidential election]]. The false information was knowingly presented by the Obama [[Justice Department]] and [[FBI]] to the [[FISA court]] to obtain retro-active approval for an illegal domestic spying operation against Obama and Clinton's political opponents. These journalists actively colluded with the Democrats [[seditious]] activity to overturn the results of the 2016 presidential election:

[[Ken Bensinger]], [[BuzzFeed]] reporter who received ''Steele dossier'' from [[David Kramer]], Sen. [[John McCain]]'s [[Chief of Staff]]. [[Ken Dilanian]], and [[Ned Price]], [[NBC News]]. [[David Corn]], ''[[Mother Jones]]''. [[Michael Isikoff]], Yahoo News. [[Ali Watkins]], BuzzFeed and ''[[The New York Times]]''. [[Brian Ross]] and [[Matt Mosk]], ABC News. [[Carl Bernstein]] and [[Jake Tapper]], [[CNN]]. [[Julian Borger]], ''[[The Guardian]]''. [[Peter Stone]] and [[Greg Gordon]], McClatchy. [[Bob Little]] and [[Rachel Martin]], NPR. [[David Ignatius]], [[Evan Perez]], [[Jim Sciutto]], [[Tom Hamburger]], [[Rosalind Helderman]], and [[Fred Hiatt]], ''[[The Washington Post]]''. [[Allan Cullison]], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''. [[Rachel Maddow]], [[Joy Reid]], and [[Katy Tur]], [[MSNBC]]. [[Scott Pelly]], ''[[60 Minutes]]''. [[Devlin Barrett]], [[Robert Costa]] [[Ellen Nakashima]], and [[Matt Zapotosky]].

Other willing participants were: ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[Huffington Post]]'', ''[[Newsweek]]'', [[MSNBC]], ''[[Politico]]'', ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' and ''[[Slate]]''. All these continued to report the fake Russia collusion narrative even after it was thoroughly debunked, and none have issued retractions to their reporting.<ref>https://youtu.be/vYGkB329rcM</ref> The uncorroborated allegations violated every tenet of traditional, respectable [[journalism]]. None of it would have been possible without the help of several global media organizations willingly publicizing the false narrative of Trump collusion with the Russian government.<ref>https://themarketswork.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/inforgraphic-838x1024.jpg</ref>

On March 25, 2019 Tim Murtaugh, the director of communications for President Trump, sent out a memo to all television producers regarding the “credibility of certain guests.” In particular, the memo cited a list of “guests who made outlandish, false claims, without evidence, on your airwaves.” Included were Sen. [[Richard Blumenthal]] (D-Conn.), Rep. [[Adam Schiff]] (D-Calif.), Rep. [[Jerrold Nadler]] (D-N.Y.), Rep. [[Eric Swalwell]] (D-Calif.), DNC Chairman [[Tom Perez]] and former CIA Director [[John Brennan]]. The memo asked the producers to “employ basic journalistic standards when booking such guests.”<ref>https://twitter.com/jonathanvswan/status/1110254539163291648</ref>

===Participants in the Kavanaugh smear===
[[NBC News]], ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''[[The Washington Post]]'', [[Stephen Colbert]], [[ABC News]], [[CBS News]], [[USA Today]].

===Participants in the Covington Catholic kids smear===
:{{Main article|Covington Catholic kids}}
''[[The Washington Post]]'', ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Cable News Network]]'' (CNN), ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[National Public Radio]]'', [[TMZ]], [[Atlantic Media]], [[Capitol Hill Publishing]], [[Ann Cabrera]] (CNN), [[Sara Sidner]] (CNN), [[Erin Burnett]] (CNN), [[S. E. Cupp]] (CNN), [[Elliot C. McLaughlin]] (CNN), [[Amanda Watts]] (CNN), [[Emmanuella Grinberg]] (CNN), [[Michelle Boorstein]] (''Washington Post''), [[Cleve R. Wootson Jr.]] (''Washington Post''), [[Antonio Olivo]] (''Washington Post''), [[Joe Heim]] (''Washington Post''), [[Michael E. Miller]] (''Washington Post''), [[Eli Rosenberg]] (''Washington Post''), [[Isaac Stanley-Becker]] (''Washington Post''), [[Kristine Philips]] (''Washington Post''), [[Sarah Mervosh]] (''Washington Post''), [[Emily S. Roeb]] (''New York Times''), [[Maggie Haberman]] (''New York Times''), [[David Brooks]] (''New York Times''), [[Shannon Doyne]], [[Kurt Eichenwald]], [[Andrea Mitchell]] (''[[NBC]]/[[MSNBC]]''), [[Savannah Guthrie]] (NBC), [[Joy Reid]] (MSNBC), [[Chuck Todd]] (NBC), [[Noah Berlatsky]], [[Elisha Fieldstadt]] (NBC), [[Eun Kyung Kim]], [[HBO]], [[Bill Maher]], [[Warner Media]], [[Condé Nast]], ''[[GQ]]'', [[Heavy.com]], [[The Hill]], ''[[The Atlantic]]'', Bustle.com, [[Kathy Griffin]], [[Alyssa Milano]] and [[Jim Carrey]].<ref>https://www.dailywire.com/news/42988/nick-sandmanns-lawyer-sends-letters-these-54-ryan-saavedra?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=benshapiro</ref>

===Reputable/verifiable sources===
The following are considered reputable and verifiable source noted for good reporting:

*Epoch Times Media Group which include assets like:
The [[Epoch Times]] Newspaper
New Tang Dynasty Televison (NTDTV)
China Uncensored/America Uncovered
Edge of Wonder
Shen Yun
The Larry Elder Show
*[[Washington Free Beacon]]
*[[New American]]
*[[Breitbart]]
*[[Fox News]]
[[Fox Business Network]]
*[[OANN]]
*[[Human Events]]
*[[NewsMax]]
*Daily Signal
*[[Washington Examiner]]
*The Federalist
*[[Rebel News]]

==Responses==
===Liberal responses===
When the term first came into common usages immediately after the 2016 elections, [[liberals]], the [[mainstream media]], and [[social media]] misapplied the term to make the false accusation that [[Alternative Media|alternative news]] sources were "deliberately lying" to their readers, listeners, and viewers, and that these "lies" helped elect [[Donald Trump]] [[President of the United States]]. The liberal-pushed "fake news" accusations are a form of [[conspiracy theory]].

The [[mainstream media]] itself publishes and promotes fake news stories appearing in nightly network newscasts, on its cable news channels, in its newspapers and on its websites (including Facebook).<ref name="Tech Crunch">{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/14/facebook-fake-news-code-media/|title=Facebook is still figuring out how to tackle fake news|date=Feb 14, 2017|accessdate=June 29, 2017|work=Tech Crunch}}</ref><ref name="Barron">{{cite news|url=http://ajr.org/2015/04/03/news-sites-fall-for-fake-news|title=Even News Sites Fall for Fake News|first=Rachel|last=Barron|date=April 3, 2017|accessdate=June 29, 2017|work=American Journalism Review}}</ref>
When fake news sites misuse the "ABC News" logo<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.snopes.com/2016/08/07/breitbart-duped-by-fake-news-again/|title=Breitbart Duped by Fake News (Again)|date=September 1, 2016|accessdate=April 5, 2017|work=Snopes}}</ref> or are designed to appear to be sponsored by a TV news channel, the mainstream media may also appear to publish and promote fake news stories.

The mainstream media itself can be rife with government leaked fake news stories, such as a fictional ''Washington Post'' story that Russia hacked the U.S. power grid in 2016.<ref>Leetaru, Kalev, "[https://www.forbes.com/sites/kalevleetaru/2017/01/01/fake-news-and-how-the-washington-post-rewrote-its-story-on-russian-hacking-of-the-power-grid/ 'Fake News' And How The Washington Post Rewrote Its Story On Russian Hacking Of The Power Grid]," ''Forbes'', Jan 1, 2017.</ref> While leftists accuse conservatives of being behind fake news stories, the evidence shows the exact opposite, although fake news is designed to appeal to audiences all across the political spectrum.

====Attempts at censorship====
[[Melissa Zimdars]], a [[far-Left]] professor had compiled a list of supposedly "fake and misleading" news websites that was heavily promoted in the Mainstream Media,<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2016/11/breaking-media-list-fake-news-websites-includes-breitbart-infowars-zerohedge-twitchy-blaze/ BREAKING: Liberals Create List of "Fake" News Websites Including: Breitbart, Infowars, Zerohedge, Twitchy, The Blaze]</ref> including [[Breitbart]], [[Infowars]], Twitchy, [[The Blaze]], and Bizpac Review. Even liberals, such as Will Oremus on [[Slate.com]], criticized the list and the term itself for being far too broad, unfairly targeting numerous sites, and being an overreaction.<ref>Oremus, Will (December 6, 2016). [http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2016/12/stop_calling_everything_fake_news.html Stop Calling Everything “Fake News”]. ''Slate.com''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> Zimdars later removed her "Fake News" list, claiming she had been "harassed" and "doxed".<ref>[https://inews.co.uk/essentials/news/technology/melissa-zimdars-removes-fake-news-list-claiming-harassed-doxed/ Dr Melissa Zimdars removes fake news list and claims she was ‘harassed’]</ref> In 2019, the [[George Soros]]-funded Poynter Institute created a list of 515 news sources – anything that was part of the left-wing media – that it claimed were "fake news" for not completely abiding by left-wing narratives.<ref>Multiple references:
*Freiburger, Calvin (May 3, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/soros-backed-journalism-institute-pulls-list-labeling-29-conservative-outlets-unnews Soros-backed journalism institute pulls list labeling 29 conservative outlets ‘UnNews’]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*[https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/soros-backed-journalism-institute-targets-29-conservative-outlets-in-its-unnews-report Soros-backed journalism institute targets 29 conservative outlets in its ‘UnNews’ report]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from ''NewsBusters''). May 2, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*Nolte, John (May 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/05/03/nolte-poynter-temporarily-pulls-blacklist-with-a-big-lie-and-promise-to-return/ Nolte: Poynter Temporarily Pulls Blacklist with a Big Lie and Promise to Return]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
*Nolte, John (May 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/05/01/nolte-poynter-institute-wants-515-outlets-blacklisted-breitbart-news/ Nolte: Poynter Institute Wants 515 Outlets Blacklisted, Including Breitbart News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2019.</ref>

A 2017 Yale University study found that flagging news stories as "fake news" is ineffective due to the general mistrust of the media by Americans that already exists.<ref>Church, Nate (September 12, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/tech/2017/09/12/study-flagging-stories-as-fake-news-ineffective-people-no-longer-trust-media/ Study: Flagging Stories as ‘Fake News’ Ineffective; People No Longer Trust Media]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 13, 2017.</ref>

====''WaPo''====
One attempt at broadening the meaning of the term as well as professing the likelihood of the use of what the term describes appeared on November 23, 2016 in the ''Washington Post'':{{cquote|In the wake of Donald Trump’s shock Nov. 2016 electoral victory, attention fell on the extent to which voter opinions could have been shaped by an epidemic of "fake news" websites that masqueraded as legitimate media outlets...Many fake stories proved more viral on social media than important articles from real sources.<ref name=Merkel>[https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/11/23/fake-news-threatens-german-election-merkel.html Fake news threatens German election: Merkel]</ref>}}

Ishaan Tharoor, the author who wrote the piece, lets the reader know that he assumes Trump's election win is so surprising (although it wasn't) that any explanation deserves to be looked at if the event has not been fully explained already. This would allow the subject which follows—his allegations of "fake news" being epidemic as well as his suggestions that they were isolated to media outlets that weren't "real sources" (by some unstated body's estimation)—to be plausible or even to be considered an especially good candidate as an explanation (to the uninformed), despite being unfounded or at least founded on exaggeration.

The election results prompted German Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]], who represents a, [[establishment]]-[[globalist]] political party, to caution against "fake news" circulated in [[Social media]]:{{cquote|Something has changed — as globalization has marched on, debate is taking place in a completely new media environment. Opinions aren’t formed the way they were 25 years ago ... Today we have fake sites, bots, trolls — things that regenerate themselves, reinforcing opinions with certain algorithms, and we have to learn to deal with them. I believe we should not underestimate what is happening in the context of the Internet and with digitalization; this is part of our reality ... We have regulations that allow for our press freedom, including the requirement for due diligence from journalists. Today we have many that experience a media that is based on very different foundations and is much less regulated.<ref name=Merkel/>}}

====Facebook====
[[Facebook]] has also responded to the alleged problem by developing a system wherein readers can flag a post they find suspicious. Once flagged the post will be reviewed by a [[mainstream media]] representative, who decides whether the news is "real" or "fake."<ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebooks-fake-fix-for-fake-news-1481932361</ref>

====Snopes====
On January 14, 2016, the [[Snopes]] website, itself considered a fake news site by some experts, published its "Snopes’ Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors"<ref name=snopes>{{cite web|title=Snopes’ Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors|date=January 14, 2016|url=http://www.snopes.com/2016/01/14/fake-news-sites/|accessdate=April 4, 2017}}</ref> Its founder, for what brags to be the moral compass of what is "honest" reporting on the Internet, allegedly embezzled nearly $100,000 for prostitutes.<ref>https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2019/09/exclusive-founder-of-snopes-far-left-moral-purveyor-of-truth-in-the-media-allegedly-embezzled-98000-for-prostitutes-during-his-divorce/</ref>

====SpotFakeNews.ca====
A recently created Canadian website called SpotFakeNews.ca<ref>http://spotfakenews.ca/</ref> claims to "help Canadians of all ages critically access online news and information, and differentiate fake news from real news", but the resources it links to link in turn to the [[Associated Press]] and other liberal-biased news "sources" and resources, thereby making that site itself a non-credible, liberal-biased resource.

====DoubtIt.ca====
Another Canadian website<ref>https://doubtit.ca/</ref> which claims "to provide Canadians an understanding of the role of journalism in a healthy democracy and the tools to find and filter information online";<ref>https://doubtit.ca/about-us/</ref> however, in its verification section,<ref>https://doubtit.ca/#verification_section</ref> the site uses the "fact checking" sites Snopes, FactCheck.org, the Associated Press website's "fact checking" section, Full Fact and [[PolitiFact]] as its resources, all of which are liberal-biased sites whose claims have been disproven and discredited as fake news when compared with similar stories from independent, non-liberal media journalists, news organizations (e.g. [[The Rebel Media|Rebel News]] and [[One America News Network]]) and news sites (e.g. [[Breitbart News]], [[NewsBusters]], [[The Daily Caller]], [[Gateway Pundit]], [[Canada Free Press]], etc.), thus also making DoubtIt.ca itself liberal-biased, unreliable and non-credible regarding what it decides is "fake news". Another giveaway that DoubtIt.ca is not credible as a resource is that at the bottom of its website, it mentions that it is funded by liberal-biased search engine [[Google]].

====DFRLab definition====
The [[Atlantic Council]]'s Digital Forensic Research Lab which is partnering with [[Facebook]] to promote [[internet]] [[censorship]] defines fake news as {{quotebox|“deliberately presenting false information as news.”

We differentiate this from '''[[disinformation]]''', which we consider to be "deliberately spreading false information;" fake news is thus a subset of disinformation. We further distinguish it from '''misinformation''', which we take to mean the unintentional spreading of false information.<ref>https://medium.com/dfrlab/fake-news-defining-and-defeating-43830a2ab0af</ref>}}

====European Commission====
In 2018, the [[European Commission]] proposed the creation of an "independent fact-checking network" that would fight what it views as "fake news." However, this network, if created, would be funded by left-wing organizations connected to [[George Soros]].<ref>Tomlinson, Chris (April 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/london/2018/04/28/european-union-advocates-independent-fact-checkers-combat-fake-news/ European Union Advocates For Soros-Funded ‘Independent Fact Checkers’ to Combat ‘Fake News’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 28, 2018.</ref>

===Conservative responses===
"''Undoubtedly the new main psyop against independent media is flooding the web with fake news, and mainstream media putting out fake news, and setting themselves up like a super-Snopes, to be the arbiter of what's real and what’s not,''" countered [[Alex Jones]] from Infowars in the wake of criticism of the [[Alternative Media]] on the part of [[Democrat]] presidential candidate [[Hillary Clinton]] supporters following Trump's win.<ref>[http://nymag.com/selectall/2016/11/finally-someone-is-standing-up-to-fake-news-infowars.html Finally, Someone Is Standing Up to Fake News: Infowars]</ref>

[[Answers in Genesis]] President [[Ken Ham]], noted that one of the most prominent and blatant examples of fake news is the media's treatment of [[evolution]] and an [[old Earth]] as undisputed scientific fact, even though numerous counterexamples exist [[Counterexamples to Evolution|to evolution]] and [[Counterexamples to an Old Earth|an old Earth]].<ref>Ham, Ken (March 21, 2017). [https://answersingenesis.org/blogs/ken-ham/2017/03/21/real-fake-news/ The Real Fake News]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved March 21, 2017.</ref>

According to a 2017 Poynter Media Trust Survey, 44% of Americans believe the media creates "fake news" stories against Trump to make him look bad.<ref>Richardson, Bradford (December 28, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/dec/28/fake-news-half-all-americans-believe-media-make-an/ ‘Fake News’: Half of all Americans believe the media make up anti-Trump stories]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 29, 2017.</ref> A [[Monmouth University]] poll released in April 2018 found that 77% of Americans believe the mainstream media reports fake news.<ref>Multiple references:
*Manchester, Julia (April 2, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/media/381225-more-than-3-in-4-believe-traditional-media-outlets-report-fake-news-poll More than 3 in 4 believe traditional media reports ‘fake news’: poll]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Persons, Sally (April 2, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/2/over-70-percent-of-americans-see-media-as-fake-new/ Over 70 percent of Americans see media as ‘fake news,’ a Monmouth University poll shows]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Church, Nate (April 2, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/04/02/poll-77-percent-believe-traditional-media-guilty-of-fake-news/ Poll: 77 Percent Believe Traditional Media Guilty of Fake News]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Lima, Cristiano (April 2, 2018). [https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/02/poll-fake-news-494421 Poll: 77 percent say major news outlets report 'fake news']. ''Politico''. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
*Byas, Steve (April 4, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/28659-poll-public-believes-media-reports-fake-news-to-advance-their-own-agenda Poll: Public Convinced That Media Reports Fake News to Advance Their Own Agenda]. ''The New American''. Retrieved April 4, 2018.</ref>

==Hypocrisy==
While liberals frequently accuse conservative or alternate media sites of being dishonest, they typically gloss over the massive failings of the mainstream media to accurately and fairly cover the news, as well as its own propensity to post and report fake news itself (such as the polls they released which falsely claimed that [[Hillary Clinton]] was "well ahead" of Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election campaign in order to discourage conservative voters, despite the attendance figures of the Trump campaign rallies vs. the Clinton campaign rallies, which the mainstream media chose to ignore, proving otherwise). Although the polls may have correctly predicted Clinton's 3 million vote margin in the national popular vote, commenters ignored the fact that the election is determined state-by-state in the [[Electoral College]]. In fact, within days after Trump's victory in the election, Wikipedia's liberal editors propagated a far from neutral and heavily liberal-biased "Fake news website" article.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fake_news_website&oldid=752584598 "Fake news website" article] at Wikipedia, December 2, 2016.</ref>

==History==
[[File:NY Daily News.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Liberal, socialist, and communist slanted journalism has a long history of biased and false reporting.]]
"News articles" that are completely fictional have a long history. The motivation is often for the amusement of the author, or the desire to make money by selling the newspaper or handbill based on its entertainment value. Such "news articles" are sometimes purely satirical (something that has a long history), or intentionally malicious, often for political reasons. For example, malicious claims about Presidential candidates (illegitimate children, etc.) have a long history in the United States. The falsehoods have sufficient emotional impact to assure that they will be magnified in various [[Media|mediums]]. It is debated whether or not this includes [[Satire|satiric]] news.<ref>"Tall Tale or Satire? Authors of So-Called "Fake News" Feel Misjudged". ''NBC News''. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/tall-tale-or-satire-authors-so-called-fake-news-feel-n689421</ref><ref>''Fake News Watch''. http://fakenewswatch.com/</ref>

[[Walter Lippmann]], a prominent [[socialist]], indicated that the press is supposed to utilize fake news to spin a narrative and thus manufacture public consent, claiming that news and truth are not the same thing, that it requires no real training to deal with the small pool, and that everything else is in the journalist's own discretion, which includes even promoting stereotypes.<ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2012/02/journalism-and-manufacturing-of-consent.html</ref><ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2013/03/walter-lippmann-explains-how.html</ref><ref>http://progressingamerica.blogspot.com/2017/01/who-is-founding-father-of-fake-news.html</ref>

The explosive growth of the internet in the early years of the 21st century and the political divisiveness of the 2016 Presidential election saw explosive growth in fake news, far beyond supermarket tabloids, and the use of the term "fake news" to describe this.

===Tabloids, hoaxes, etc===
In the more recent past, but before the advent of the widespread propagation of false information through the internet, the most visible instances of "fake news" were the "supermarket tabloids" ("rag mags") that could be found at checkout counters of supermarkets. These were often full of blatant nonsense, and (nearly) everyone knew that, and bought them only for their entertainment value. Perhaps the most blatant of these was ''Weekly World News'', which seemed obsessed with some half-human half-bat creature named "bat boy," and with extraterrestrials. They sometimes devoted entire issues to extraterrestrials, and, in one instance, had three articles relating that each of the Presidential candidates in the 1992 Presidential election ([[George H. W. Bush]], [[Bill Clinton]], and [[Ross Perot]]) had been taken for a personal ride in a flying saucer to see Washington, D.C. from the air.

These fake articles continue, often with an extreme political slant. Recent issues of the ''National Enquirer'' (perhaps the most blatant fake newspaper since the demise of Weekly World News) had completely false articles about Special Forces raids, carpet bombing, drone strikes, and naval assaults by American forces in the Middle East. The ''Globe'' has run headlines alleging that Hillary Clinton is a Russian spy and has a "new treason indictment", which is not supported by the corresponding article. Another headline, unsupported by any evidence in the article, stated that Hillary Clinton and Huma Abedin were stopped trying to escape from the country. And there were numerous headlines during the 2016 Presidential campaign stating that they were in possession of evidence that would put Ms. Clinton in prison.

=== Early examples of fake news ===
Here are some early examples of fake news:

#The false claim, based on manipulation of the data, by Sir [[Arthur Eddington]] that the 1919 total eclipse of the sun proved the [[General Theory of Relativity]].
#The false reporting by the bigot [[H.L. Mencken]] on the [[Scopes Trial]].
#''[[The War of the Worlds]]'' broadcast on [[Halloween]] night, 1938, in which Orson Wells dramatically described an invasion by hostile Martians in [[New Jersey]].
#''The New York Daily News'' reporting that [[President Gerald Ford]] told the city to 'drop dead' after progressive liberal socialists spent the city's finances into oblivion.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html</ref>
#The fake claim that President [[George H. W. Bush]] did not know what a grocery scanner was, implying that he was out of touch.<ref>[https://www.mrc.org/articles/great-george-bush-sr-grocery-scanner-urban-legend-lives The Great George Bush Sr. "Grocery Scanner" Urban Legend Lives On]. ''Media Research Center''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.</ref>

===Internet age===
Cybersecurity experts began using the term "fake news" to describe social media postings that attempted to spread false information regardless of the political ramifications of its content.

The widespread public use of the phrase by non-experts probably originated on November 14, 2016, in an announcement by [[Google]]. They said their advertising service was being pulled from sites whose purpose was to present as news what was solely designed to attract attention rather than conducted in a factual manner by a responsible party.<ref>Nicas, Jack (November 14, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-to-bar-fake-news-websites-from-using-its-ad-selling-software-1479164646 "Google to bar fake-news websites from using its ad-selling software"]. ''Wall Street Journal''.</ref> Fake news is also a form of "click bait". A photo would appear in an ad implying that there was a news story about the death of a celebrity, and computer users would click on the link to be taken to a website that carried heavy advertising, but no news story about the death of the living celebrity.

==See also==
*[[Alternative facts]]
*[[Deep State]]
*[[Fake science]]
*[[Obama FBI/DOJ scandal]]
*[[The Democracy Integrity Project]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FOZ0irgLwxU What is Fake News video by Prager University]
*[https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeperlis/2017/03/09/fake-news-its-just-so-un-civil/ Forbes: Fake News Is So Un-civil]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jh8qDR9Zm4 Fake News], by Bill Whittle
*[https://www.breitbart.com/milo/2017/02/02/fake-news-cnn-ties-milo-to-white-nationalists-despite-explicit-rejection-of-racism/ FAKE NEWS: CNN Ties MILO to White Nationalists Despite Explicit Rejection of Racism] at Breitbart News Network
*[http://www.fakehatecrimes.org/ Fakehatecrimes.org]. A database of reported instances of fake hate crimes.
*[http://www.snopes.com/2016/01/21/6-quick-ways-spot-fake-news/ 6 Quick Ways to Spot Fake News]
*[https://www.amazon.com/Hoaxed-Everything-They-Told-You-ebook/dp/B07FT1GL51 ''Hoaxed: Everything They Told You is a Lie''], by Mike Cernovich, Jon du Toit, and Scooter Downey, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/12/27/blue-state-blues-a-decade-of-fake-news/ Blue State Blues: A Decade of Fake News], by Joel B. Pollak

[[Category:Fake News|*]]
[[Category:Leftists]]
[[Category:Liberal Deceit]]
[[Category:Liberal Bias]]
[[Category:Liberal Falsehoods]]
[[Category:Political Media]]
[[Category:Political Terms]]
[[Category:2010s]]
[[Category:Conspiracy Theory]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

User:William Clifton

2020-03-16T19:53:16Z

William Clifton: created my user page; please don't remove any of the links

Hi. My name is William Clifton (known online as wclifton968) and I live in the city of [[London|Londonistan]], [[England]]. I Belive in Libertarian ideas such as [[Free market capitalism]]. I DO NOT support Abortion but I do think that criminalising it will only make people want to go somewhere when they use a coat hanger as a way of [[abortion]] instead of anything safe.

I have an account on the left-wing site called [[Wikipedia]] which you can see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Wclifton968 HERE], however most of the edits are reverted because they don't fit into the far-left wing [[eco-terrorism]] narrative that runs Wikipedia like a dictatorship.

John McAfee

2020-02-29T16:57:29Z

William Clifton: re-created the page which is far better than ever before

'''John McAfee''', Born 18/09/1945 in Cinderford, [[England]] is a Cybersecurity Expert and is a Presidential nominee for the [[Libertarian Party]].
McAfee is married to Janice Dyson, a former [[prostitute]].<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4500686/John-McAfee-s-wife-opens-life-prostitute.html</ref>

[[File:Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John McAfee|frameless|right|John McAfee speaking at Politicon in Pasadena, California.]]

John McAfee is most known for creating the [[Antivirus]] Industry with the creation of the [[McAfee Antirus]] software with the company founded in 1987 although he has had nothing to do with the software since he sold all his shares in the company in about 1996 making him a [[multi-millionare]].

John McAfee is currently the [[CEO]] of a company called Luxcore which specialises in [[cryptocurrency]] enterprise solutions.<ref>https://www.investopedia.com/news/john-mcafee-named-ceo-blockchain-startup/</ref>

== Taxes ==
John McAfee has repeatedly claimed that US Taxes are unconstitutional and has claimed that he is on the run from the [[IRS]] for not paying any taxes since 2010. McAfee is currently on the run from the IRS after being charged by a [[Tennessee]] court for “using cryptocurrencies in criminal acts” with his wife and four members of his presidential campaign being charged with “unspecified charges of a felonious nature”. McAfee has stated that Taxes are illegal and that he's “paid tens of millions already and received jack shit in services.”<ref>https://news.bitcoin.com/presidential-candidate-john-mcafee-flees-u-s-for-alleged-tax-fraud/</ref>

== Presidential Campaign ==
In 2016, John McAfee ran as US President first for his own political party which he later disbanded and instead joined the [[Libertarian Party]]. He was seen on the first televised [[Libertarian Party]] debate hosted by [[John Stossel]] on the [[Fox Business Network]] on the show "Stossel". He lost in 2016 loosing out to [[Gary Johnson]].

He has stated that he is running for president again in 2020 currently running the campaign in Exile from the [[IRS]].

== Escaping Belize ==
In April 2012, His property in [[Belize]] was raided by the Gang Suppression Unit of the Belize Police Department for unlicensed drug manufacturing.

In November 2012, He fled belize in order to escape questioning from the police over his neighbour's death. He fled to [[Guatemala]] to seek [[Political Asylum]] but was instead charged with entering the country illegally.<ref>https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/software-founder-mcafee-denied-asylum-in-guatemala-being-deported-to-belize/article6028990/</ref>

John Stossel

2020-02-29T00:36:23Z

William Clifton: I changed it so that the page says that he HAD his own show on Fox which is NOT still being broadcasted. Also linked his YouTube channel which has some really accurate stuff on it.

[[Image:Stossel.jpg|right|thumbnail|150px|'''John Stossel''']]
'''John F. Stossel''' (born March 6, 1947) is an advocacy reporter, author, television host, and [[libertarian]] columnist. He worked as an investigative reporter for the [[ABC]] [[television]] program ''[[20/20]]''. He has also written two books - ''Give Me a Break: How I Exposed Hucksters, Cheats, and Scam Artists and Became the Scourge of the Liberal Media'' and ''Myths, Lies, and Downright Stupidity: Get Out the Shovel — Why Everything You Know Is Wrong''.

In 1985, Stossel was physically assaulted by professional wrestler David Shultz after he asked Shultz if wrestling was fake. Stossel proceeded to sue the [[World Wrestling Federation]], and won $425,000 in damages. [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0832766/bio]

In 2009, Stossel announced he was leaving the [[liberal|left-leaning]] ABC for the more [[conservative]] [[Fox News Channel]]. Until 2016, John hosted his own TV Program on the [[Fox Business Network]] called "stossel" where he would talk about hot topics. In 2016 he also hosted the first televised Libertarian debate in the 2016 US Elections featuring the likes of [[Gary Johnson]] and [[John McAfee]]. The program stopped after Stossel retired from his role as a TV host. He currently creates videos for the [[City Journal]] Quarterly magazine and the [[ReasonTV]] arm of [[Reason Magazine]] as well as videos on his own [[YouTube]] [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjo1uN-aM3rmBV46xj7l2KA channel].

==Quotes==
* {{Private sector}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stossel, John}}
[[Category:Media Personalities]]
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