Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Oakland Athletics

2022-09-10T02:32:47Z

Technotronical: /* Minor League Affiliates */ and added Book/Film section

{{MLBTeam
|name=Oakland Athletics
|logo=OaklandAthletics 100.png
|text=#003831
|background=#efb21e
|location=Oakland, California
|year=1901
|colors=Green, gold, white
|mascot=Stomper
|champs=9
|website=http://athletics.mlb.com/
}}
The ''' Oakland Athletics ''', often abbreviated as the Oakland A's, are a [[Major League Baseball]] team in the [[American League]] West Division.

The team originated in 1901 as the Philadelphia Athletics (the term "Athletic" referred to athletic "gentlemen's clubs" of the late 1800's and early 1900's; in those days the term referred to clubs organized for amateur athletic competition, as opposed to the modern use of the term as a euphemism for places featuring nudity). The team relocated to [[Kansas City]], [[Missouri]] in 1955 and again to Oakland in 1968.

The team itself has been among the more successful of American League franchises (it has won nine World Series and 15 American League pennants, though during its Kansas City tenure it won none of either); however, it has been plagued by poor attendance and financial woes (due in part to being located in the same metropolitan area as the more-established [[San Francisco Giants]] and by being located in Oakland as opposed to the Giants being located in wealthier San Francisco).

The team plays in Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum (which has had several name changes for naming rights, but as of 2017 reverted to its original name). Until the end of the 2019 season it shared the stadium with the National Football League's Oakland Raiders, the last such arrangement (the Raiders relocated to Las Vegas). Because of this, the stadium's baseball layout gives it far and away the largest amount of foul territory in MLB; balls that would go into the stands elsewhere end up routinely being caught for outs.

'''World Series Titles:''' 9 (1910, 1911, 1913, 1929, 1930, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1989)

'''American League Pennants:''' 15 (1902, 1905, 1910, 1911, 1913, 1914, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1988, 1989, 1990)

==Minor league affiliations==

The Oakland Athletics farm system consists of six Minor League Baseball affiliates, the closest being Low-A Stockton (66.1 miles away), The baseball affiliates are across the United States and in the Dominican Republic. Four teams are independently owned, while the Athletics own one complex-based rookie level team in the Arizona Complex League and one in the Dominican Summer League.

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
!scope="col" style="text-align:center; "|Level
!scope="col" style="text-align:center; "|Team
!scope="col" style="text-align:center; "|League
!scope="col" style="text-align:center; "|Location
|-
!scope="row"|Triple-A
| [[Las Vegas]] Aviators
| Pacific Coast League
| Summerlin, [[Nevada]]
|-
!scope="row"|Double-A
| Midland RockHounds
| Texas League
| Midland, [[Texas]]
|-
!scope="row"|High-A
| Lansing Lugnuts
| Midwest League
| [[Lansing]], [[Michigan]]
|-
!scope="row"|Single-A
| Stockton Ports
| California League
| [[Stockton, California]]
|-
!scope="row" rowspan=2|Rookie league|Rookie
| Arizona Complex League Athletics|ACL Athletics
| Arizona Complex League
| Mesa, [[Arizona]]
|-
| Dominican Summer League Athletics|DSL Athletics
| Dominican Summer League
| Boca Chica, Santo Domingo Province|Santo Domingo
|}

==Book and film==
Book authored by Michael Lewis titled "Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game" was published in 2003. This book is about the Oakland Athletics baseball team and its revolutionary front office executive and general manager Billy Beane. Its focus is the team's analytical, evidence-based, saber-metric approach to building a competitive team on a limited budget that can compete against teams with big-money, despite Oakland's small budget.
"Moneyball" is a 2011 American sports drama film. The film had six [[Oscar]] nominations, most for a baseball movie since 1942's "The Pride of the [[Yankees]]", including Best Picture, Best [[Actor]] (Brad Pitt), Best Supporting Actor (Jonah Hill) and Best Adapted Screenplay. The film was directed by Bennett Miller and written by Steven Zaillian and Aaron Sorkin.

== External links ==
*[http://athletics.mlb.com/ Official Team Website]

{{Nb_sl_mlb_american}}
[[Category:California]]

Marina Sirtis

2022-08-22T04:01:26Z

Technotronical: 2 picture placeholders for Marina Sirtis

{{Infobox person
|name=Marina Sirtis
(American film, television actor 
Best known for her ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=Marina_Sirtis_-_Lucca_Comics_&_Games_2016.jpg
|birth_place= [[London]], [[England]], UK
|birth_date=March 29, 1955
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Michael Lamper(m. 1992; died 2019)
}}
'''Marina Sirtis''' (born February 16, 1957) in Hackney, London, England UK is an [[British]] actress, best known for her portrayal of Counselor Deanna Troi on the television series [[Star Trek: The Next Generation]] (1987–1994) Sirtis later played the role in four Star Trek films, as well as episodes of Star Trek: Voyager, the series finale of Star Trek: Enterprise, an episode of Star Trek: Picard, and an episode of Star Trek: Lower Decks. Sirtis has won 4 awards as an actor, her most recent was in 2020 at Southern Shorts Awards for Individual Achievement in Acting the same year she was awarded Best Supporting Actress In A Short Film at the East Europe International Film Festival. Sirtis has also been nominated for 4 awards as an actress. In 1992 Marina Sirtis married Michael Lamper, an American rock guitarist and musician who portrayed an Acamarian gatherer in the Star Trek: The Next Generation third season episode "The Vengeance Factor".

==Early life and Education==
Marina Sirtis was born on 29 March 1955 in Hackney, London, England, to Greek parents, John Sirtis and Despina, a tailor's assistant. She has a younger brother whose name is Steve. Although she wanted to become an actress at an early age, her very Greek and very traditional mother objected.
While in secondary school, she secretly auditioned for Guildhall School of Music and Drama against her parents' wishes. Following her graduation, she joined Connaught Theatre. Sirtis decided to become an actress against her parents' wishes. She secretly auditioned for drama schools before ultimately being accepted into Guildhall School of Music and Drama. She eventually began her acting career in Connaught Theatre following her graduation from Guildhall.

==Early film and television career==
In 1976, at the age of 21, Sirtis graduated from Guildhall and began her career by joining the Connaught Theatre.

Sirtis appeared in several British television series such as "Raffles" in 1977, "Hazell" in 1978 and "Minder" in 1979.

In 1982 Sirtis appeared in two episodes of the stand up comedian sitcom series titled "Kelly Monteith". Also in the early 1980s, she appeared in a famous Cinzano Bianco commercial with Star Trek guest actress Joan Collins.

In early 1986, Sirtis worked with director David Carson in an episode of the British crime drama "Call Me Mister" and in an episode of "The Return of Sherlock Holmes". Carson would later direct Sirtis in four episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation and in the 1994 film Star Trek Generations.

In late 1986, when she was age 31, Sirtis emigrated to the United States, settling in [[Los Angeles]] to boost her career and find better acting roles. She later became a naturalized US citizen. Five days after arriving in Hollywood director James Darren cast Marina Sirtis in the [[NBC]] L.A. Cop drama "Hunter". Sirtis stated "The money I earned [on "Hunter"] enabled me to stay in Los Angeles for my Star Trek auditions" ultimately allowing her to audition several times.

=Star Trek: The Next Generation=
Marina Sirtis initially auditioned for the part of Macha Hernandez, a security officer, who was later renamed (and recast to Denise Crosby) in Natasha Yar.
as chief security officer. Sirtis read for this Macha Hernandez part at her first three auditions before Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry wanted her and Denise Crosby to switch their roles. Sirtis started auditioning on March 23, 1987 and was cast on May 6, 1987 which was the same day she was offered the role of Deanna Troi by Gene Roddenberry, the same day she was packing to return to Britain, as her her six-month American visa had expired. After receiving her breakthrough role as Troi in the “Star Trek: The Next Generation” in 1987 she said writers found it difficult to write for Troi and even left her out of four episodes in the first season. In an interview she noted that the pilot episode "Encounter at Farpoint" was the only time in the first season she wore her own hair.

[[File:Marina Sirtis in the early 1990's.jpg|right|thumb|British actress Marina Sirtis at a Star Trek convention in the early 1990s. Sirtis played Counselor Deanna Troi from the popular syndicated television series Star Trek: The Next Generation]]

In a June 2021 Nerd News Today interview with Marina Sirtis, she elaborates that Gene Roddenberry felt that there was one too many women on Star Trek: The Next Generation during season 1. [[Gates McFadden]] plays a doctor, Denise Crosby plays security chief and Sirtis as Troi a counselor-psychologist. Sirtis said quote "but you really don’t need a psychologist. It was as simple as that. Security chief is viable, a doctor is viable—a psychologist, not so much." Ironically of the three lead woman cast members Sirtis as Deanna Troi at the end of the first season, was the only one left out of the three women.

At [[Jonathan Frakes]] wedding Gene Roddenberry took Sirtis aside to tell her after the writers strike (Season 2) the very first episode is a "Troi episode". Sirtis emotionally burst into tears as she was hanging on professionally and personally to this character. Sirtis was pleased with the first episode of season two titled "The Child" as she felt her character was overlooked during the first season. In this episode her character Deanna Troi becomes pregnant by an alien entity and gives birth to a mysterious child who becomes a fully grown child over the course of only a few days ultimately passing away. The episode was watched by 10.9 million viewers, while additional cameras and equipment were used to improve the style of filming. Despite receiving high praise as a great performance by Marina Siritis critics held a negative opinion of the writing of the episode saying that there was no ongoing effect to Sirtis' character Troi. Sirtis was also given multiple new cleavage showing attire beginning in this episode and beyond while wearing her hair down longer.

During TNG's first three years, Sirtis did not act in any other film or television production. In 1990, during a break between Star Trek: The Next Generation third and fourth seasons, Sirtis starred in the British movie One Last Chance for director Gabrielle Beaumont. The following year, she co-starred with Zach Galligan and Jim Metzler in the horror-comedy film Waxwork II: Lost in Time.

Sirtis would frequently join the away team missions throughout the series. Sirtis appeared in all seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation, and her character was developed from a more passive therapist to a tougher Starfleet officer. She would also be a main cast member on the bridge sitting next to Captain Picard and had her own counselors room. Troi's switching to a standard Starfleet uniform part way through the 6th season in "Chain of Command" elevated the character's dignity in Sirtis' eyes, and her enthusiasm in playing her.

During her time on the show, she became close friends with her co-stars Jonathan Frakes (who played Commander Riker), Michael Dorn (Lieutenant Worf) and Brent Spiner (who played Lieutenant Commander Data). The latter cast members were groomsmen at her wedding in 1992.

Sirtis, as a Betazoid character, like her mother Lwaxanna played by Majel Barret, wore black-colored contact lenses during the seven-year run of Star Trek: The Next Generation and the subsequent films because her character had black eyes. Sirtis own eyes are light brown. Outside of the 2 part pilot episodes where she wore a mini-skirt style skant and her own hair, she wore a wig throughout the seven year series run.

=Acting after Star Trek=
After TNG wrapped in 1994, Sirtis began voicing the major character of Demona in the animated series Gargoyles. Her TNG co-star Jonathan Frakes also joined her on that series as the voice of David Xanatos. Two other TNG cast-mates, Michael Dorn and Brent Spiner, had recurring voice-over roles on the show, while LeVar Burton and Colm Meaney each voiced in one episode.

In 2000, Sirtis appeared on the Sci-Fi Channel's Stargate SG-1. In 2003, she guest-starred on the drama series The Closer, on which Raymond Cruz is a regular cast member. In 2006, Sirtis had a recurring role on the UPN series Girlfriends, which starred Star Trek: Enterprise guest actress Golden Brooks. That same year, Sirtis was seen on the CBS series Without a Trace, playing the mother of a missing high school basketball star. Former Enterprise star Connor Trinneer played the basketball coach in the same episode, but he shared no scenes with Sirtis.

Sirtis and Star Trek actor Ben Cross both had supporting roles in the Sci-Fi Channel original movie Grendel, which aired in 2007. Shortly thereafter, Sirtis and her TNG castmates (Patrick Stewart, Jonathan Frakes, Brent Spiner, LeVar Burton, Michael Dorn, Gates McFadden, Wil Wheaton, and Denise Crosby) all voiced themselves in the "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven" episode of Seth MacFarlane's hit animated show, Family Guy. Sirtis previously voiced Counselor Troi for another Family Guy episode ("Peter's Got Woods"), but her segment was cut and replaced by a different TNG segment. Sirtis was also heard in an episode of MacFarlane's The Cleveland Show later in 2009.

Also in 2009, Sirtis guest-starred on the short-lived CBS series Three Rivers.

In 2013 and 2016 Sirtis appeared 3 times on the [[CBS]] hit series NCIS as the character Orli Elbaz.

From 2011 thru 2019 Sirtis voiced multiple characters over six episodes in the series Warner Brothers animated series "Young Justice".

In 2020 Sirtis appeared in an episode titled "Nepenthe" during the spin-off series first season of Star Trek:Picard as Deanna Troi, who is now married to William Riker with two children, one child passed away.
Then later in the 2020 year Sirtis reprises her role as Troi in the animated series Star Trek:Lower Decks season 1 finale Episode: "No Small Parts".

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Role
|-
| 1983 || ''The Wicked Lady'' || Jackson's Girl
|-
| 1984 || ''Blind Date'' || Hooker
|-
| 1985 || ''Death Wish 3'' || Maria Rodriguez
|-
| 1992 || ''Waxwork II: Lost in Time'' || Gloria
|-
| 1994 || ''Star Trek Generations'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 1996 || ''Star Trek: First Contact'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 1998 || ''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 1999 || ''Paradise Lost'' || Dr. Christine DuMaurier
|-
| 2002 || ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 2002 || ''Terminal Error'' || Alex
|-
| 2004 || ''Spectres'' || Laura Lee
|-
| 2004 || ''Crash'' || Shereen
|-
| 2007 || ''Fist of the Warrior'' || Mary
|-
| 2007 || ''The Deep Below'' || Sarah
|-
| 2007 || ''Oranges (film)/Game of Life'' || Mrs. Rafiki
|-
| 2008 || ''InAlienable'' || Attorney Barry
|-
| 2009 || ''Green Street 2: Stand Your Ground'' || Veronica Mavis
|-
| 2009 || ''The Grudge 3'' || Gretchen
|-
| 2009 || ''31 North 62 East'' || Sarah Webber
|-
| 2014 || ''Finders Keepers'' || Janine
|-
| 2014 || ''Electric Boogaloo: The Wild, Untold Story of Cannon Films'' || Herself
|-
| 2015 || ''A Dark Reflection'' || Maggie Jaspar
|-
| 2016 || ''Little Dead Rotting Hood'' || Esmerelda Winfield / Grandmother
|-
| 2017 || ''The Assassin's Apprentice'' || Miranda
|-
| 2017 || ''My Christmas Prince'' || Felicia Holst
|-
| 2018 || ''5th Passenger'' || Alana
|-
| 2020 || ''Max Winslow and the House of Secrets'' || H.A.V.E.N
|-
| 2020 || ''Debt Collectors'' || Mal Reese
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Note
|-
|1977
|''Raffles (TV series)''
|Faustina
|
|-
|1977
|''Who Pays the Ferryman?''
|Ariadne
|
|-
|1978
|''[[Hazell''
|Melina Stassinopolus
|
|-
|1978
|''The Thief of Baghdad''
|Harem Girl
|TV film
|-
|1979
|Cinzano commercial
|Stewardess
|TV commercial
|-
|1979
|''Minder''
|Stella
|Series 1, Episode 6: Aces High...And Sometimes Very Low
|-
|1982
|''Kelly Monteith''
|Uncredited
|
|-
|1985
|''Up the Elephant and Round the Castle''
|Lisa
|
|-
|1986
|''Room at the Bottom''
|Carla
|
|-
|1986
|''Call Me Mister''
|Sally
|
|-
|1986
|''The Return of [[Sherlock Holmes]]''
|Lucrezia
|Episode: "The Six Napoleons"
|-
|1987
|''[[Hunter (TV series)''
|Kate Scanlon
|
|-
|1987–1994
|''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
|Counselor Deanna Troi
|176 Episodes
|-
|1988
|''Reading Rainbow''
|Herself
|Episode: "The Bionic Bunny Show"
|-
|1990
|''One Last Chance''
|Maria
|TV film
|-
|1994
|''Heaven Help Us''
|Carolyn Paris
|
|-
|1994–1996, 1997
|''Gargoyles''
|Demona
|Animated series
|-
|1996
|''Gadgetman''
|Detective Inspector Walker
|TV film
|-
|1997
|''Duckman''
|Aurora Abromowitz
|Animated series
|-
|1998
|''Diagnosis: Murder''
|Mary Ann Eagin
|
|-
|1999
|''Earth: Final Conflict''
|Sister Margarette
|
|-
|1999
|''The Outer Limits''
|Olivia 'Liv' Kohler
|Episode: "The Grell"
|-
|1999–2000
|''Star Trek: Voyager''
|Counselor Deanna Troi
|Episodes: "Pathfinder"; "Life Line"; "Inside Man"
|-
|2000
|''Stargate SG-1''
|Dr. Svetlana Markova
|Episode: "Watergate"
|-
|2001
|''Casualty (TV series)''
|Jane Taylor, MP
|
|-
|2003
|''Threat Matrix''
|Dr. Nabila Hassan
|
|-
|2005, 2009
|''[[Family Guy]]''
|Marina Sirtis, Herself
|Animated series
|-
|2005
|''The Closer''
|Layla Moktari
|Episode: "L.A. Woman"
|-
|2005
|''Star Trek: Enterprise''
|Counselor Deanna Troi
|Episode: "These Are the Voyages..."
|-
|2006
|''Without a Trace''
|Alexas Soros
|
|-
|2006
|''Girlfriends (U.S. TV series)''
|Gina Richards
|
|-
|2007
|''Grendel (film)''
|Queen Wealtheow
|TV film
|-
|2008
|''Holby City''
|Lucy Simmonds
|
|-
|2009
|''Annihilation Earth''
|Paxton
|TV film
|-
|2009
|''[[The Cleveland Show]]''
|Athena the Greek Prostitute/Woman at Party
|Animated series
|-
|2009
|''Green Street 2''
|Veronica Mavis
|
|-
|2009
|''Three Rivers (TV series)''
|Layla Rahimi
|
|-
|2010
|''Make It or Break It''
|Dr. Anna Kleister
|
|-
|2010–2013, 2019
|''Young Justice (TV series)''
|L-4 / Queen Bee (comics)/ Scientist No. 2
|
|-
|2011
|''Grey's Anatomy''
|Sonya Amin
|
|-
|2013
|''Star Trek Continues''
|Computer voice
|
|-
|2013
|''Adventure Time''
|Samantha
|Episode: "The Pit"
|-
|2013–2016
|''[[NCIS]]''
|Mossad Director Orli Elbaz
|Episodes: "Berlin", "Past, Present, and Future", "Family First"
|-
|2016
|''My Summer Prince (Hallmark TV movie)''
|Penelope Sheridan
|
|-
|2017
|''Scandal (TV series)''
|General Fletcher
|Episode: "The Box"
|-
|2017
|''OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes''
|Cosma (voice)
|Voice role
|-
|2018
|''The Last Sharknado: It's About Time''
|Winter
|Voice role
|-
|2018
|''Titans (2018 TV series)''
|Marie Granger
|Episode: "Hank and Dawn"
|-
|2019
|''[[The Orville]]''
|Schoolteacher
|Episode: "Sanctuary"
|-
|2020
|''Star Trek: Lower Decks''
|Commander Deanna Troi (voice)
|Episode: "No Small Parts"
|-
|2020-2023
|''Star Trek: Picard''
|Commander Deanna Troi
|11 episodes''
|}

===Voice acting===
* ''Griffin and Sabine'' audio series (1993) ... Sabine
* ''Gargoyles (TV series)'' (1994–97) ... Demona
* ''Mass Effect'' (Video game) (2007) ... Matriarch Benezia
* ''Young Justice (TV series)'' (2010–12, 2018) ... Queen Bee
* ''Pilgrim of Eternity'' (2013) ... Computer (recreation of the Computer from ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'')
* ''Adventure Time'' (2013) ... Samantha (Episode "The Pit")
* ''XCOM 2: War of the Chosen'' (Video Game) (2017) ... Elena Dragunova
* ''OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes'' (2017) ... Cosma
* ''Elite: Dangerous'' (2018) ... COVAS Carina
* ''The Worlds of Doctor Who: The Year of Martha Jones" (2021) ... Karen

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sirtis, Marina}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:British Actors]]
[[Category:British People]]

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000642/ Marina Sirtis at the IMDb database]
*[https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Marina_Sirtis Memory-alpha Fandom]
*[https://www.nerdnewstoday.com/marina-sirtis-was-almost-fired-from-star-trek-the-next-generation-during-first-season/ Marina Sirtis Was Almost Fired From "Star Trek TNG" During First Season]

LeVar Burton

2022-08-22T03:49:56Z

Technotronical: 2 picture placeholders for LeVar Burton

{{Infobox person
|name=LeVar Burton
(American film, television actor, director, author 
Best known for his ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=File:LeVar Burton (32468569868).jpg
|birth_place= Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
|birth_date=February 16, 1957
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Stephanie Cozart Burton
}}
'''LeVar Burton''' (born February 16, 1957) in Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany as Levardis Robert Martyn Burton Jr. Burton is an [[American]] actor, director, author, podcaster and television host, best known for his portrayal of Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge in [[Star Trek: The Next Generation]] (1987–1994) also directing a number of television episodes for various iterations of Star Trek, and as host of the [[PBS]] Kids educational television series Reading Rainbow for more than 23 years (1983–2006), for which he has received 12 Daytime Emmy Awards, and a Peabody Award as host and executive producer of the show. He has also portrayed the central character Kunta Kinte / Toby in the hit Emmy award wining miniseries “Roots” first aired on [[ABC]] in January 1977. Burton has been nominated for 3 Prime time Emmy's first in 1977, then in 1996, and last in 2016. Another 22 wins & 27 nominations. In November 1990 Burton was awarded a star on the Hollywood walk of fame for his work in the field of television. LeVar Burton married Stephanie Cozart Burton, a professional make-up artist, on October 3, 1992. Burton has two children, son Eian Burton Smith and daughter Michaela "Mica" Jean Burton.

==Early life and Education==
Burton was born at the U.S. Army Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in [[West Germany]]. His mother, Erma Gene (née Christian), was a social worker, administrator, and educator. His father, Levardis Robert Martyn Burton, was a photographer for the [[U.S. Army]] Signal Corps at the time he was stationed at Landstuhl. Burton and his two sisters were raised by his mother in [[Sacramento, California]].

Burton was raised [[Roman Catholic]] and, at the age of 13, entered St. Pius X Minor [[Seminary]] in Galt, [[California]], to become a [[priest]].
At the age of 13, Burton entered a Catholic seminary to study for the [[priesthood]] but ultimately decided to pursue an acting career instead, graduating from the [[University of Southern California|University of Southern California's (USC)]] School of Theater.

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Film
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976
| ''Almos' a Man''
| Dave
| Alternative title: ''Richard Wright's Almos' a Man''
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Looking for Mr. Goodbar (film)|Looking for Mr. Goodbar]]''
| Cap Jackson
|
|-
| 1977
| ''Billy: Portrait of a Street Kid''
| Billy Peoples
| Ghetto child
|-
| 1978
| ''[[One in a Million: The Ron LeFlore Story]]''
| Ron LeFlore
| Alternative title: ''The Man of Passion''
|-
| 1978
| ''Battered''
| Andrew Sinclair
|
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Dummy (1979 film)|Dummy]]''
| Donald Lang
|
|-
| 1980
| ''[[The Hunter (1980 film)|The Hunter]]''
| Tommy Price
|
|-
| 1981
| ''The Acorn People''
| Rodney
|
|-
| 1981
| ''[[Grambling's White Tiger]]''
| Charles 'Tank' Smith
|
|-
| 1983
| ''Emergency Room''
| Ray Walden
|
|-
| 1984
| ''Booker''
| Davis
|
|-
| 1985
| ''And the Children Shall Lead''
| Glenn Scott
| Alternative title: ''PBS Wonderworks: And The Children Shall Lead''
|-
| 1985
| ''[[The Midnight Hour]]''
| Vinnie Davis
| Alternative title: ''In The Midnight Hour''
|-
| 1986
| ''[[The Supernaturals (film)|The Supernaturals]]''
| Private Michael Osgood
|
|-
| 1986
| ''Liberty''
| Robert Johnson
|
|-
| 1987
| ''A Special Friendship''
| Ben Summer
|
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Roots: The Gift]]''
| Kunta Kinte
| Alternative title: ''A Roots Christmas: Kunta Kinte's Gift''
|-
| 1993
| ''Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland''
| Fire Chief J. Alan Mathers
| Alternative title: ''Firestorm: A Catastrophe In Oakland''
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Parallel Lives]]''
| Dr. Franklin Carter
|
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Star Trek Generations]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Yesterday's Target''
| Winstrom
|
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Star Trek: First Contact]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Insurrection]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1999
| ''[[Our Friend, Martin]]''
| Martin, Age 26 (voice)
|
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Dancing in September]]''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Ali (film)|Ali]]''
| [[Martin Luther King Jr.|Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.]]
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Blizzard (film)|Blizzard]]''
| Night Watchman Elf
| Also director
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Reach for Me]]''
| Nathaniel
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Taken in Broad Daylight]]''
| Mike Timbrook
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Superman/Batman Public Enemies]]''
| [[Black Lightning|Jefferson Pierce/Black Lightning]] (voice)
|
|-
| 2011
| ''And They're Off''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2015
| ''Practice Makes Perfect''
| Principal Healy
|
|-
| 2018
| ''[[In Saturn's Rings]]''
| Narrator
| Documentary
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976–1979
| ''[[Rebop (TV series)|Rebop]]''
| Host
|
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Roots (1977 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| [[Kunta Kinte]]
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1978
| ''[[California Jam II]]''
| Himself
| TV Special. Interviewed as guest attendee
|-
| 1980
| ''[[Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones]]''
| Richard Jefferson
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Trapper John, M.D.]]''
| Luther Peacock
| Episode: "[[List of Trapper John, M.D. episodes|A Piece of the Action]]"
|-
| 1983
| ''[[Fantasy Island]]''
| Edward Ross Jr.
| Episode: "[[List of Fantasy Island episodes|Edward/The Extraordinary Miss Jones]]"
|-
| 1983–2006
| ''[[Reading Rainbow]]''
| Host
| 155 episodes
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Jesse Owens Story]]''
| Professor Preston
| Television movie
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Love Boat]]''
| Darnell
| Episode: "[[List of The Love Boat episodes|Love is Blind]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Murder, She Wrote]]''
| Reporter Dave Robinson
| Episode: "[[List of Murder, She Wrote episodes|Death Take a Dive]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Houston Knights]]''
| Jason Evans
| Episode: "Bad Girl"
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
| 178 episodes
|-
| 1990–1996
| ''[[Captain Planet and the Planeteers]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| 113 episodes
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''
| Hayden Sloane/Hatter Henchman (voice)
| Episode: "[[List of Batman: The Animated Series episodes|The Worry Men]]"
|-
| 1993-1999
| [[PBS Kids|PTV]]
| Pernell (voice)
| Leader of the P-Pals
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Christy (TV series)|Christy]]''
| Daniel Scott
| 7 episodes
|-
| 1995
|''[[Deadly Games]]''
| Mr. Metcalf
| Episode: "The Boss"
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child]]''
| Monk (voice)
| Episode: "The Frog Prince"
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]''
| Anansi
| Episode: "[[List of Gargoyles episodes|Mark of the Panther]]"
|-
| 1997
| ''[[Pinky and the Brain]]''
| Murray
| Episode: "[[List of Pinky and the Brain episodes|The Real Life]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''
| Captain Geordi LaForge
| Episode: "[[Timeless (Star Trek: Voyager)|Timeless]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Mister Rogers' Neighborhood]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "1725 - Mister Rogers Talks About Giving and Receiving"
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Becker (TV series)|Becker]]''
| Mr. Haller
| Episode: "[[List of Becker episodes|Beckerethics]]"
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Boomtown (2002 TV series)|Boomtown]]''
| Marvin Lloyd
| Episode: "The Hole-in-the-Wall Gang"
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Family Guy]]''
| Vern (voice), himself (voice)
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2009
| ''The Super Hero Squad Show''
| War Machine (voice)
| Episode: "List of The Super Hero Squad Show episodes|Tales of Suspense"
|-
| 2010
| ''Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!''
| Ghost of LeVar Burton
| Episode: List of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job"
|-
| 2010
| ''[[The Jensen Project]]''
| Kendrick James
| [[Television film]] ([[brokered programming]] from [[Procter & Gamble]]/[[Wal-Mart]])
|-
| 2011, 2014
| ''[[Community (TV series)|Community]]''
| Himself
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2011, 2012, 2014
|''[[The Big Bang Theory]]''
| Himself
| 3 episodes
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Face Off (American TV series)|Face Off]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "Alien Interpreters"
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Rise of the Zombies]]''
| Dr. Dan Halpern
| Television movie
|-
| 2012–2016
| ''[[Transformers: Rescue Bots]]''
| Doc Greene (voice)
| 26 episodes
|-
| 2012–2015
| ''[[Perception (2012 TV series)|Perception]]''
| Paul Haley
| 30 episodes
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Adventure Time]]''
| Bubble (voice)
| Episode: "[[Adventure Time (season 5)|BMO Lost]]"
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)|Hell's Kitchen]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "5 Chefs Compete"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Roots (2016 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| Ephraim
| Episode: "Part 1"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Miles from Tomorrowland]]''
| Dr. Consilium
| Episode: "The First Day of Galactic School/Miles Underwater"
|-
| 2017
| ''[[OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| Episode: "The Power Is Yours"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Explained (TV series)|Explained]]''
| Himself (narrator)
| Episode: "Extraterrestrial Life"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[NCIS: New Orleans]]''
| Rufus Nero
| Episode: "X"
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Weird City (TV series)|Weird City]]''
| Dr. Negari
| Episode: "The One"
|-
|2020
|''[[The Eric Andre Show]]''
|Himself
|Episode: "The ASAP Ferg Show"
|-
|2021
|''[[Nancy Drew (2019 TV series)|Nancy Drew]]''
|Barclay (voice)
|Episode: "The Celestial Visitor"
|-
|2021
|''[[Jeopardy!]]''
|Guest Host
|5 episodes, Season 37
|-
|2022
|''Tom Swift (TV series)''
|Barclay (voice)
|9 episodes
|-
|2022
|''Blindspotting (TV series)''
|
|8 episodes
|-
|2023
|''Star Trek: Picard''
|Geordi La Forge
|10 episodes
|-
|}
[[File:LeVar Burton Shore Leave Con in Hunt Valley Maryland in August 2012.jpg|right|thumb|LeVar Burton from the popular syndicated television series Star Trek: The Next Generation speaks at Shore Leave Con in Hunt Valley Maryland in August 2012]]
===Other work===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1986
| "[[Word Up! (song)|Word Up!]]"
| Detective
| Music video by the funk group [[Cameo (band)|Cameo]]
|}

===Director===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 1993–1999
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''
| 10 episodes
|-
| 1995–2001
| ''Star Trek: Voyager''
| 8 episodes
|-
| 1998
| ''The Tiger Woods Story''
| Alternative title: ''Son, Hero, and Champion''
|-
| 1998–2006
| ''Charmed''
| 3 episodes
|-
| 1999
| ''Smart House (film)''
| Television movie
|-
| 2000–2004
| ''Soul Food (TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2001–2005
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise''
| 9 episodes
|-
| 2003
| ''Blizzard''
| Film
|-
| 2003
| ''JAG (TV series)''
| Episode: "Pulse Rate"
|-
| 2005
| ''Miracle's Boys''
| Episode: "Free Day"
|-
| 2006
| ''Las Vegas (TV series)''
| Episode: "Meatball Montecito"
|-
| 2008
| ''Reach for Me''
| Film
|-
| 2014
| ''Perception (U.S. TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2017–2020
| ''NCIS: New Orleans''
| 8 episodes
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Burton, LeVar}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000996/ LeVar Burton at the IMDb database]
*[https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/LeVar_Burton Memory-alpha Fandom]

Nova (TV Series)

2022-08-22T03:45:09Z

Technotronical: The official Nova PBS logo picture placeholder

'''''Nova''''' is an Emmy award-winning science news television series produced by WGBH Boston for the [[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) television network. Created by Michael Ambrosino, Nova is seen in more than 100 countries. NOVA is the most watched science television series in the world and the most watched documentary series on PBS. It is also one of television's most acclaimed series, having won every major television award, most of them many times over. Most of the episodes aired in a 60-minute time slot. Executive producers are Paula Apsell (senior), Julia Cort, and Chris Schmidt.[[File:Nova pbs program.svg|right|thumb|The official Nova PBS logo]]

==Premise==
As educational as the show is also informative, NOVA grapples headline-grabbing innovations and discoveries from our planet and universe past, present and future, demystifying the scientific explorations and technology along the way while highlighting the human side of the people "who make science happen."

Each week NOVA delves into an in depth look at a focused topic or human in the science field. NOVA's topics cover all branches of science, engineering, technology, and little to almost no biblical facts. NOVA's unique way of presenting each topic can be interesting to both those with no prior knowledge or those whose life's work is being covered.

As of October 2021, the show has ran for 48 seasons, premiering on March 3, 1974.

In 2005, Nova began airing some episodes titled "NOVA scienceNOW", which followed a news magazine television format. For two seasons, "NOVA scienceNOW" episodes aired in the same time slot as Nova. In 2008, NOVA scienceNOW officially declared its own separate spinoff series and given its own time slot.

==Reception best and weakest episodes==
''Nova'' has been praised for its in-depth science research racking up numerous episodes over the seasons. There are blunt wordly viewpoints on many political, moral, and theoretical views from a liberal perspective. Alternatively, Nova has produced a smaller number of full episodes exploring a conservative and bilbical point of view. Below is a list of best and weakest episodes based upon online fan votes as of October 2021.

==Notable Episodes==

{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Title
! OriginalAirDate
! class = "unsortable" | ProductionCode
! class = "unsortable" | ShortSummary
|-
|"Surviving The Tsunami"
|September 28, 2011
|3812
|Season 38 - Episode 12
The earthquake that hit the northern coast of Japan on March 11, 2011, was recorded at magnitude 9.0 the worst ever recorded in Japan. It generated an unprecedented tsunami, obliterating coastal villages and towns in a matter of minutes. In some areas, the tsunami climbed above 100 feet in height and traveled miles inland. Amazingly, amateur and professional photographers captured it all on video, including remarkable tales of human survival, as ordinary citizens became heroes in a drama they never could have imagined. As the waves rush in, a daughter struggles to help her elderly mother ascend their rooftop to safety; a man climbs onto an overpass just as the wave overtakes his car. These never-before-seen stories are captured in video and retold after the fact by the survivors who reveal what they were thinking as they made their life-saving decisions. Their stories provide lessons for how we should all act in the face of life-threatening disasters.
|-
|"Engineering Ground Zero"
|September 7, 2011
|3811
|Season 38 - Episode 11
To commemorate the 10th anniversary of 9/11, NOVA presents an epic story of engineering, innovation, and the perseverance of the human spirit. With extraordinary access granted by The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, “Engineering Ground Zero” follows the five-year construction of One World Trade Center (1 WTC) and the National September 11 Memorial & Museum..
|-
|"Hunting the Elements"
|April 4, 2012
|3906
|Season 39 - Episode 8
Where do nature’s building blocks, called the elements, come from? They’re the hidden ingredients of everything in our world, from the carbon in our bodies to the metals in our smartphones. To unlock their secrets, David Pogue, the lively host of NOVA’s popular "Making Stuff" series and technology correspondent of The New York Times, spins viewers through the world of weird, extreme chemistry: the strongest acids, the deadliest poisons, the universe’s most abundant elements, and the rarest of the rare—substances cooked up in atom smashers that flicker into existence for only fractions of a second.
|-
|"Secrets of the Sun"
|April 25, 2012
|3907
|Season 39 - Episode 11
It contains 99.9 percent of all the matter in our solar system and sheds hot plasma at nearly a million miles an hour. The temperature at its core is a staggering 27 million degrees Fahrenheit. It convulses, it blazes, it sings. You know it as the sun. Scientists know it as one of the most amazing physics laboratories in the universe. Now, with the help of new spacecraft and Earth-based telescopes, scientists are seeing the sun as they never have before and even recreating what happens at its very center in labs here on Earth. Their work will help us understand aspects of the sun that have puzzled scientists for decades. But more critically, it may help us predict and track solar storms that have the power to zap our power grid, shut down telecommunications, and ground global air travel for days, weeks, or even longer. Such storms have happened before—but never in the modern era of satellite communication. "Secrets of the Sun" reveals a bright new dawn in our understanding of our nearest star—one that might help keep our planet from going dark.
|-
|"Apollo’s Daring Mission"
|December 26, 2018
|4518
|Season 45 - Episode 17
Astronauts and engineers of Apollo 8 explain the inside story of the first mission to circumnavigate the moon. The Apollo astronauts and engineers share the inside story of Apollo 8, which was the first crewed spacecraft to successfully orbit the Moon and return to Earth. The U.S. space program suffered a bitter setback when Apollo 1 ended in a deadly fire during a pre-launch run-through. In disarray, and threatened by the prospect of a Soviet Union victory in the space race, NASA decided upon a radical and risky change of plan: turn Apollo 8 from an earth-orbit mission into a daring sprint to the moon while relying on untried new technologies. Fifty years after the historic mission, the Apollo 8 astronauts and engineers recount the feats of engineering that paved the way to the moon.
|-
|"The Fabric of the Cosmos: Quantum Leap (Part 3 of 4)"
|November 16, 2011
|3818
|Season 38 - Episode 17
Brian Greene explores the weirdness of quantum physics, which governs the universe on the tiniest of scales. While counterintuitive, it's one of the most successful theories in the history of science.
|-
|"Separating Twins"
|February 8, 2012
|3908
|Season 39 - Episode 6
Witness the extraordinary surgery that will allow twin girls, born joined at the head, to live separate lives. Bangladeshi conjoined twins Trishna and Krishna appear in this program validating that they have beaten the odds with their miracle story of survival, both awaking from landmark separation surgery. The twins, who were abandoned shortly after birth at an orphanage in Bangladesh, they had little chance of survival, until the twins were separated by a 16-member medical team from the 32-hour marathon surgery at the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne Australia. Since the beginning, surgeons knew there was no guarantee of survival for either of the girls—but without surgery there was no hope at all. With exclusive access to this extraordinary human and medical drama, Nova's cameras have been with Trishna and Krishna and their caregivers at each moment of their journey.
|-
|"Finding Life Beyond Earth: Moons and Beyond"
|October 19, 2011
|3813/3814
|Season 38 - Episode 13
The effort to locate life elsewhere in the universe is examined. It's a difficult task due to the many planets that could theoretically support life. Nova takes a spectacular trip to distant realms of our solar system to discover where secret forms of life may lie hidden. Combining the latest telescope images with dazzling animation, this program immerses audiences in the sights and sounds of alien worlds, while top astrobiologists explain how these places are changing how we think about the potential for life in our solar system. We used to think our neighboring planets and moons were dormant, lifeless rocks where life could never take hold. Today, however, the solar system looks wilder than we ever imagined.
|-
|"Space Shuttle Disaster"
|October 14, 2008
|3512
|Season 35 - Episode 12
An investigation uncovers the human failures and design flaws behind the 2003 Columbia tragedy. An in-depth look at the Columbia space shuttle disaster in 2003. Nova includes interviews with shuttle astronauts, family members, flight control personnel, administrators and investigators. Also included is a brief history of the space shuttle program.
|-
|"3D Spies of WWII"
|January 18, 2012
|3903
|Season 39 - Episode 3
The story of British aerial military photographic reconnaissance and analysis using stereoscopic viewing techniques during World War II. During World War II, Hitler’s scientists developed terrifying new weapons of mass destruction. Alarmed by rumors of advanced rockets and missiles, Allied intelligence recruited a team of brilliant minds from British universities and Hollywood studios to a country house near London. Here, they secretly pored over millions of air photos shot at great risk over German territory by specially converted, high-flying Spitfires. Peering at the photos through 3D stereoscopes, the team spotted telltale clues that revealed hidden Nazi rocket bases. The photos led to devastating Allied bombing raids that dealt crucial setbacks to the German rocket program and helped ensure the success of the D-Day landings. With 3D graphics that recreate exactly what the photo spies saw, NOVA tells the suspenseful, previously untold story of air photo intelligence that played a vital role in defeating the Nazis.
|-
|"Stephen Jay Gould: This View of Life"
|December 18, 1984
|1118
|Season 12 - Episode 18
What do dinosaurs, a panda's thumb and a peacock's tail have in common? Dr. Stephen Jay Gould, the internationally renowned paleontologist and Evolutionary theorist, provides some surprising answers in this NOVA profile.
|-
|"Memory Hackers"
|February 10, 2016
|4307
|Season 43 - Episode 7
Memory is the key to our identity. Its the glue that binds our mental lives. Without it, humans would be prisoners of the present, unable to use the lessons of the past to change our future. From our first kiss to where we put our keys, memory represents who we are, how we learn and how we navigate the world. But how does it actually work? In MEMORY HACKERS, NOVA explores the cutting edge frontiers of cognitive Science and molecular biology, where neuroscientists are probing our brains to unlock the secrets of human memory. The one-hour documentary, examines how memories are formed, what encompasses the act of remembering and the new technologies being used to implant, edit and even erase memories, a process that could DELETE our worst fears and, one day, may help us to re-write our past with the flip of a switch. Washington University research on Jake Hausler, a St. Louis child with Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory, and Actress/author Marilu Henner who has a Superior Autobiographical Memory are featured on this hour of NOVA.
|-
|"The Bible's Buried Secrets"
|November 18, 2008
|3516
|Season 35 - Episode 16
A powerful partnership between science and scholarship breaks exciting new ground in investigating the origins of the ancient [[Israelite]]'s, their faith in a single, [[omnipotent]] [[God]] and the creation of the Bible.
“The Bible’s Buried Secrets,” produced by [[Rhode Island]]-based Providence Pictures for PBS's science series Nova, attempts to uncover who wrote the Hebrew Bible and whether it’s history or parable, delving into the origins of the [[Israelite]]'s to explore their gradual transformation into a monotheistic people. The show also poses provocative ideas – including the “revelation” that many Israelite's believed that God had a wife – and disputes literal readings of the text.
|}

==Controversies==
[[Creation]] versus [[evolution]] for our planet [[Earth]] and universe is a topic that is not heavily explored head to head on the Nova TV series. Instead creation is underscored by the worldly view that evolution and planet earth ecosystems changed following the dinosaur extinction with emphasis that humans are fictionally, but according to Nova, evolved and were not created by God.
Not even theoretical creation opposition from a worldly or biblical perspective is provided to viewers on the so called "[[asteroid]]" hitting the earth thereby wiping out dinosaurs with an earthly evolution of [[mammals]] forming in this series Nova. Instead viewers and students are told this evolution of mammals is the solid truth of humans creation. This theory within the controversial Nova episode aired on October 30, 2019 titled "Rise of the Mammals" is showcased on the southern [[California]] PBS SoCal website as suggested teacher resource learning material for students. Moreover there isn't heavy concrete evidence suggesting this "asteroid" theory is truth. Furthermore, polls suggest the majority of humans believe humans were indeed created by God as written in the [[Bible]]. NOVA: Rise of the Mammals describes that their evidence suggests how environmental factors influenced plant and animal survival after this "asteroid" hit earth with an emergence of species diversity.
Parents need to know that NOVA is an award-winning science series that explores many topics that are educational and have solid evidence outside of the aforementioned "asteroid" theory that is likely fictional. Topics may be considered controversial, from AIDS to human cloning and "safe" cigarettes. While the science is presented in easy-to-understand terms, younger kids may not be able to grasp everything presented. Parental guidance is suggested along with biblical fact checking on some topics explored on Nova.

==Narrators==
The vast majority of episodes have a recurring voice actor or well known on screen actor or personality that is the narrator. Jay O. Sanders the narrator for the PBS series “Wide Angle” from 2002–2009, has served as narrator for a number of Nova episodes starting in 2007 and is credited as narrator for the most episodes of Nova.

Below is a list of Nova narrators in multiple episodes:
*Jay O. Sanders
*Craig Sechler
*Lance Lewman
*Will Lyman
*Neil Ross
*Stacy Keach
*Liev Schreiber
*Eric Meyers
*Peter Thomas
*Gene Galusha
*David Ogden Stiers
*Don Wescott
*[[Neil deGrasse Tyson]]
*Edward Herrmann
*John Lithgow
*Miles O'Brien
*Richard Donat
*Brian Greene
*Jeremiah Kissel
*Corey Johnson
*Zachary Quinto
*Joe Morton
*Janna Levin
*Tony Kahn
*David Attenborough
*Jamie Effros
*Rena Baskin
*Kathryn Walker
*Roy Scheider

== External links ==
* [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5460028/fullcredits/?ref_=tt_cl_sm IMDb Website]
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ Nova Official Website]
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/topic/evolution/ evolution topic]

[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Hollywood Values]]
[[Category:Evolution]]
[[Category:Broadcasting]]
[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Liberalism]]
[[Category:Liberal Bias]]
[[Category:Liberal Organizations]]
[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:Liberal News Organizations]]
[[Category:Liberal Media]]

Bryan Kreutz

2022-08-22T03:43:41Z

Technotronical:

{{Infobox person
|name=Bryan Kreutz
(American film, television actor, Producer, Director, writer 
Best known for his ''A Captain's Log'' Star Trek News/Talk show series)
|image=Bryan Kreutz at the st.Louis area press junket for the TV Pilot After Midnight April-2017.png
|birth_place= St. Louis 
St. Louis County, [[Missouri]]
|birth_date=September 30, 1977
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Tiffany Kreutz
}}

'''Bryan Earl Kreutz''' (born September 30, 1977) in St. Louis Missouri is an American actor, Television director, Television producer, and writer.

As an actor his most recognizable roles have been as Larry Thrunkleman on the Tom Green comedy film "Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot" (2019) and Brody on the television series "[[Up on High Ground]]" (2014–2015), which he also directed and produced. He is a presenter as the lead host for the [[Star Trek]] news and interviews TV Talk Show "A Captain's Log". As the executive producer and show runner, Kreutz TV series "Up on High Ground" was nominated for best television series in 2020 by Roku Detaron TV awards. As producer, of "A Captain's Log" Kreutz is also the winning recipient of the best television series in 2021 by Roku Detaron TV awards along with the Best Director/Writer award the same year.

==Television shows and pilots==

Starting in September 2009 and in less than 4 months Kreutz began the concept of spearheading the launch of transitioning the long running Crawford Broadcasting radio program "The Revolution Radio" from radio into a Television format for a TV pilot. <ref> https://www.pr.com/press-release/204624</ref>
Premiering in 2010 he directed and produced all 36 episodes of the [[Christian Television Network]] affiliate TV program [[Revolution 618]] in which he also played an integral part of creating the concept of the [[St. Louis]] based network TV talk show.

In 2011 during the 1st season of the [[Christian Television Network]] program Rescued Nation, producers Arlington Lane and Bryan Kreutz shopped a number of other [[game show]] format TV pilots to production companies. Notably one was presented as an opportunity from KissMedia Limited Executive Producer Howard Huntridge with rights from Fremantle Media for pitching a version of the unsold U.K. TV Pilot game show titled "On a Roll". The game show was already recorded in July 2006 on the set of Joe Pasquale's [[The Price is Right]] UK, and featured English television presenter Greg Scott. <ref> https://www.doncasterfreepress.co.uk/news/the-doncaster-man-who-helped-bring-sir-bruce-forsyth-s-biggest-tv-hits-to-screen-and-to-town-to-open-an-owl-sanctuary-1-8715150 </ref> Ultimately the pilot had to be sold and re-shot by a U.S. based production company, mainly because of the climate in the U.K. while at the time, many of Britain's most popular TV game shows were under fire and threatened to be forced off the air, after regulators launched a probe into whether they constitute gambling, according to gambling watchdog claims and timing for the pilot in 2012. <ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2113217/Deal-No-Deal-faces-Gambling-Commission-probe-TV-gameshows-face-crackdown.html </ref> The U.S. based "On a Roll" sets were fully constructed with designs from Kreutz, but never materialized into a production deal. Kreutz, who like Huntridge, began producing the pilot TV show art in the U.S.,inventing shows and selling them to the national networks, would not succeed in this reverse style of a U.K. show selling in the U.S. However, using some of the unused set pieces, Kreutz would go on to produce and have a bit acting role in the Garden Grove California Indie fest USA short film "[[To Inflict]]" garnering an audience award for most well received new film.

===Up on High Ground===
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing "Up on High Ground"]]
Kreutz co-created the family and faith based TV series [[Up on High Ground]], directing many of the episodes and playing the video gamer neighbor character Brody. Along with Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan, Kreutz produced the series and was a lead writer. <ref>http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 </ref> The series ran on several [[The CW]] TV affiliates in syndication and [[Pure Flix]] from 2014-2015. Upon the completion of the nine episode series run, Kreutz had directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being Revolution 618. All 9 episodes of the Up on High Ground series were solely written or co-written by Kreutz and Lec Zorn, with the exception of the pilot episodes co-written by Joanna Ferbrache. <ref> https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 </ref>

===A Captain's Log===
The most recent and currently in production talk show Kreutz is producing, is titled "A Captain's Log". Kreutz is the talk show host interviewing numerous Star Trek celebrities. "A Captain's Log", which is a 2021 award nominated TV/Pilot as best web series recipient from the Rome Independent Prisma awards, also won 3 awards the same year from the Roku Channel Detaron TV awards. The three awards were for Best TV Series, Best Director/ Writer-Bryan Kreutz, and Best Actress: TV Series Lili Fox-Lim. The series features Bryan Kreutz himself as host alongside Lili Fox-Lim as co-host and the animated character Rogg. Notable interview guests include, Gary Graham, J.G. Hertzler, Robert O'Reilly, Rachael Ancheril, Marc Okrand, Dennis Madalone, and 7-time Prime time [[Emmy Award]] winning visual effects producer Dan Curry. The program airs in 14 television markets and on the Roku Chanel.

==Commercials==
Kreutz has voiced over 100 radio commercials, many as promos for radio stations and national products. As an on screen actor his career has opened up many television commercial spokesman opportunities front-lining him on national cable TV commercials for Fidelity Communications and for the Sono Bello product TriSculpt. The Sono Bello TriSculpt "Is This Fat?" ad was one of the longest running weight loss campaigns in domestic television history, airing for over two years as a sixty second commercial. In it's first two weeks from November 25, 2019 thru December 6, 2019 the ad reached nearly 7 Million TV impressions (households) as 82 National airings with Kreutz as the lead actor speaking.

==Personal life and career==
Bryan Kreutz is the middle child of three children from parents Walter Kreutz, a career Boeing aircraft secret clearance deployment specialist and Pamela Kreutz. With his mother Pamela being an Assemblies of God Sunday school superintendent, Kreutz was raised in an [[Assemblies of God]] church and still practices the faith today.

Kreutz graduated from Broadcast Center in [[St. Louis]] [[Missouri]] in 1998, taking broadcast communications courses, in particular, elective play-by-play hockey courses sharing hands on broadcast internships, notably with future NHL announcer Dan Kelly Jr. Finishing up college he voiced play-by-play games with Kelly on location at the The St. Louis Sting U.S. Junior A hockey club. Having a liking for not just announcing hockey, but playing it as well Kreutz landed his first on-air radio position at sister stations [[WJRE]] and [[WKEI]] a [[CBS]] affiliate just outside of Peoria [[Illinois]] immediately after college with a two hour Saturday morning call in coaches show. While there at WKEI, Kreutz was the high school football and basketball play-by-play voice interning regularly with United Hockey League clubs in Quad Cities Iowa and St. Charles Missouri.
After leaving the [[CBS News Radio]] affiliate [[WKEI]] in 1999, Kreutz trained with several pro NHL hockey players in scrimmages and practice games, eventually breaking into semi-pro [[ice hockey]] in the early 2000's with the St.Louis Shock of Hockey North America. <ref>http://www.hna.com/leagues/rosters_profile.cfm?clientID=2296&leagueID=5766&teamID=223642&playerID=613280</ref>

In 2001-2002 Kreutz continued as an announcer for the St. Charles Cyclones in the [[North American]] [[Football]] League and eventually onto [[KJSL]] in 2005 where he did voice-overs and produced two radio shows that led to TV talk shows in "Revolution 618" and "Rescued Nation TV". Kreutz was also the exclusive St. Louis area radio voice for a Star Trek news segment on "The Bob Wells show" a [[Christian]] [[Conservative]] talk radio show as a Co-Producer.

As an actor with talent agency reps in both the Midwest and L.A., doing voice-overs for radio led to doing TV commercials and eventually on screen acting in film. Kreutz landed a substantial speaking role as the TV host named Larry Thrunkleman, in the comedy feature film “Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot”. <ref> http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/Centralia-Morning-Sentinel.htm </ref> Larry and his talk show featuring the The Jerry Ford Band with Kreutz interviewing the supposed Big Foot himself who is being pursued by Tom Green's character and “Survivorman” Les Stroud. The film was shot in Cape Girardeau, Missouri near where Kreutz was residing at the time.
Kreutz has been in a number of small bit acting roles in Hollywood since moving near the area in 2016 and is also a frequent charity event contributor.
[[File:Celebrity Walk MS Kickoff Event in West Hollywood with Bryan Kreutz and Billy Patricks and Jessalyn Wanlim and John Haegele.jpg|right|thumb|The orange carpet "Celebrity Walk MS Kickoff Event" in West Hollywood with Bryan Kreutz and Billy Patricks and Jessalyn Wanlim and John Haegele in 2016]]
Kreutz currently resides just southeast of [[Los Angeles]] [[California]] in [[Temecula]] with his wife Tiffany and their three children.

==Filmography==

== Film ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role/Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2012
| ''The Apprentice Puppeteer''
| Man in Red
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2012 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
| ''[[To Inflict]]''
| Coffee customer commenter '''†''' Also producer and Story by
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Hercules: The Brave and the Bold''
| Hades '''†''' Also third assistant director
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Imperial-Leader">{{cite web | url=http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%206.pdf http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%207.pdf| title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Imperial Leader Newspaper via Intense Face Boss archives | date=2013 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2017
| ''The Layover (film)''
| Spit Bag Passenger
| Uncredited<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2017 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''East Plains: Get Out!''
| Parade Goer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot''
| Larry Thrunkleman
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2020
| ''The Empty Man (film)''
| Coroner
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2022
| ''Cheaper by the Dozen''
|Pompous pool dad
| Uncredited
|-
| 'Father Stu''
|Bar Patron
| Uncredited
|}
== Television ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via FourWorlds or his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class = "unsortable" | Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2014-2015
| ''[[Up on High Ground]]''
|Brody Vanderschmidt
| '''†''' Also director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="insidestl">{{cite web | url=http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=InsideSTL | date=2014 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2016
| ''Life with Jess''
|Santosh (Voice)
| '''†''' Also story by and producer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Internet Movie Database">{{cite web | url=http://m.imdb.com/title/tt6354112/fullcredits/cast?ref_=m_tt_cl_sc | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Internet Movie Database | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Nova (TV Series)]]''
| Himself
|
|Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="PBS">{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/memory-hackers.html | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=PBS | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Let's Make a Deal]]''
| Self - Contestant
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Ghost Adventures''
| Postmaster
| TV Series documentary
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="6"| 2021
| ''Drama Club''
|Assistant Coach
| 2 Episodes
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Curb Your Enthusiasm''
|Hotel Coffee drinker
|
| Uncredited
|-
| ''The Shrink Next Door''
|Cemetery Groundskeeper
|
| Uncredited
|-
| ''Colin in Black & White''
|Hotel lobby baseball coach
|
| Uncredited
|-
| ''A Captain's Log''
|Self - Host presenter
| 24 Episodes '''†''' Also co-director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Industry Innovators''
| Self
| TV Series documentary
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2022
| ''The Terminal List''
|Pedestrian
|
| Uncredited
|}

== Television Talk shows as Director ==
*'''Note:''' TV or Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for the [[Christian Television Network]].
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Revolution 618]]''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christien Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
| ''Rescued Nation TV''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christian Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
| ''A Captain's Log''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3840743/ Bryan Kreutz at the IMDb database]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Bryan_Kreutz Bryan Kreutz at Fandom]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kreutz, Bryan}}
[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Writers]]
[[Category:American Actors]]

Bryan Kreutz

2022-08-22T03:29:36Z

Technotronical: Minor update to 3 Television credits in 2022, Also added section for "A Captains Log" along with awards. 2 placeholders for pictures

{{Infobox person
|name=Bryan Kreutz
(American film, television actor, Producer, Director, writer 
Best known for his ''A Captain's Log'' Star Trek News/Talk show series)
|image=Bryan Kreutz at the st.Louis area press junket for the TV Pilot After Midnight April-2017.png
|birth_place= St. Louis 
St. Louis County, [[Missouri]]
|birth_date=September 30, 1977
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Tiffany Kreutz
}}

'''Bryan Earl Kreutz''' (born September 30, 1977) in St. Louis Missouri is an American actor, Television director, Television producer, and writer.

As an actor his most recognizable roles have been as Larry Thrunkleman on the Tom Green comedy film "Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot" (2019) and Brody on the television series "[[Up on High Ground]]" (2014–2015), which he also directed and produced. He is a presenter as the lead host for the [[Star Trek]] news and interviews TV Talk Show "A Captain's Log". As the executive producer and show runner, Kreutz TV series "Up on High Ground" was nominated for best television series in 2020 by Roku Detaron TV awards. As producer, of "A Captain's Log" Kreutz is also the winning recipient of the best television series in 2021 by Roku Detaron TV awards along with the Best Director/Writer award the same year.

==Television shows and pilots==

Starting in September 2009 and in less than 4 months Kreutz began the concept of spearheading the launch of transitioning the long running Crawford Broadcasting radio program "The Revolution Radio" from radio into a Television format for a TV pilot. <ref> https://www.pr.com/press-release/204624</ref>
Premiering in 2010 he directed and produced all 36 episodes of the [[Christian Television Network]] affiliate TV program [[Revolution 618]] in which he also played an integral part of creating the concept of the [[St. Louis]] based network TV talk show.

In 2011 during the 1st season of the [[Christian Television Network]] program Rescued Nation, producers Arlington Lane and Bryan Kreutz shopped a number of other [[game show]] format TV pilots to production companies. Notably one was presented as an opportunity from KissMedia Limited Executive Producer Howard Huntridge with rights from Fremantle Media for pitching a version of the unsold U.K. TV Pilot game show titled "On a Roll". The game show was already recorded in July 2006 on the set of Joe Pasquale's [[The Price is Right]] UK, and featured English television presenter Greg Scott. <ref> https://www.doncasterfreepress.co.uk/news/the-doncaster-man-who-helped-bring-sir-bruce-forsyth-s-biggest-tv-hits-to-screen-and-to-town-to-open-an-owl-sanctuary-1-8715150 </ref> Ultimately the pilot had to be sold and re-shot by a U.S. based production company, mainly because of the climate in the U.K. while at the time, many of Britain's most popular TV game shows were under fire and threatened to be forced off the air, after regulators launched a probe into whether they constitute gambling, according to gambling watchdog claims and timing for the pilot in 2012. <ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2113217/Deal-No-Deal-faces-Gambling-Commission-probe-TV-gameshows-face-crackdown.html </ref> The U.S. based "On a Roll" sets were fully constructed with designs from Kreutz, but never materialized into a production deal. Kreutz, who like Huntridge, began producing the pilot TV show art in the U.S.,inventing shows and selling them to the national networks, would not succeed in this reverse style of a U.K. show selling in the U.S. However, using some of the unused set pieces, Kreutz would go on to produce and have a bit acting role in the Garden Grove California Indie fest USA short film "[[To Inflict]]" garnering an audience award for most well received new film.

===Up on High Ground===
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing "Up on High Ground"]]
Kreutz co-created the family and faith based TV series [[Up on High Ground]], directing many of the episodes and playing the video gamer neighbor character Brody. Along with Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan, Kreutz produced the series and was a lead writer. <ref>http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 </ref> The series ran on several [[The CW]] TV affiliates in syndication and [[Pure Flix]] from 2014-2015. Upon the completion of the nine episode series run, Kreutz had directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being Revolution 618. All 9 episodes of the Up on High Ground series were solely written or co-written by Kreutz and Lec Zorn, with the exception of the pilot episodes co-written by Joanna Ferbrache. <ref> https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 </ref>

===A Captain's Log===
The most recent and currently in production talk show Kreutz is producing, is titled "A Captain's Log". Kreutz is the talk show host interviewing numerous Star Trek celebrities. "A Captain's Log", which is a 2021 award nominated TV/Pilot as best web series recipient from the Rome Independent Prisma awards, also won 3 awards the same year from the Roku Channel Detaron TV awards. The three awards were for Best TV Series, Best Director/ Writer-Bryan Kreutz, and Best Actress: TV Series Lili Fox-Lim. The series features Bryan Kreutz himself as host alongside Lili Fox-Lim as co-host and the animated character Rogg. Notable interview guests include, Gary Graham, J.G. Hertzler, Robert O'Reilly, Rachael Ancheril, Marc Okrand, Dennis Madalone, and 7-time Prime time [[Emmy Award]] winning visual effects producer Dan Curry. The program airs in 14 television markets and on the Roku Chanel.

==Commercials==
Kreutz has voiced over 100 radio commercials, many as promos for radio stations and national products. As an on screen actor his career has opened up many television commercial spokesman opportunities front-lining him on national cable TV commercials for Fidelity Communications and for the Sono Bello product TriSculpt. The Sono Bello TriSculpt "Is This Fat?" ad was one of the longest running weight loss campaigns in domestic television history, airing for over two years as a sixty second commercial. In it's first two weeks from November 25, 2019 thru December 6, 2019 the ad reached nearly 7 Million TV impressions (households) as 82 National airings with Kreutz as the lead actor speaking.

==Personal life and career==
Bryan Kreutz is the middle child of three children from parents Walter Kreutz, a career Boeing aircraft secret clearance deployment specialist and Pamela Kreutz. With his mother Pamela being an Assemblies of God Sunday school superintendent, Kreutz was raised in an [[Assemblies of God]] church and still practices the faith today.

Kreutz graduated from Broadcast Center in [[St. Louis]] [[Missouri]] in 1998, taking broadcast communications courses, in particular, elective play-by-play hockey courses sharing hands on broadcast internships, notably with future NHL announcer Dan Kelly Jr. Finishing up college he voiced play-by-play games with Kelly on location at the The St. Louis Sting U.S. Junior A hockey club. Having a liking for not just announcing hockey, but playing it as well Kreutz landed his first on-air radio position at sister stations [[WJRE]] and [[WKEI]] a [[CBS]] affiliate just outside of Peoria [[Illinois]] immediately after college with a two hour Saturday morning call in coaches show. While there at WKEI, Kreutz was the high school football and basketball play-by-play voice interning regularly with United Hockey League clubs in Quad Cities Iowa and St. Charles Missouri.
After leaving the [[CBS News Radio]] affiliate [[WKEI]] in 1999, Kreutz trained with several pro NHL hockey players in scrimmages and practice games, eventually breaking into semi-pro [[ice hockey]] in the early 2000's with the St.Louis Shock of Hockey North America. <ref>http://www.hna.com/leagues/rosters_profile.cfm?clientID=2296&leagueID=5766&teamID=223642&playerID=613280</ref>

In 2001-2002 Kreutz continued as an announcer for the St. Charles Cyclones in the [[North American]] [[Football]] League and eventually onto [[KJSL]] in 2005 where he did voice-overs and produced two radio shows that led to TV talk shows in "Revolution 618" and "Rescued Nation TV". Kreutz was also the exclusive St. Louis area radio voice for a Star Trek news segment on "The Bob Wells show" a [[Christian]] [[Conservative]] talk radio show as a Co-Producer.

As an actor with talent agency reps in both the Midwest and L.A., doing voice-overs for radio led to doing TV commercials and eventually on screen acting in film. Kreutz landed a substantial speaking role as the TV host named Larry Thrunkleman, in the comedy feature film “Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot”. <ref> http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/Centralia-Morning-Sentinel.htm </ref> Larry and his talk show featuring the The Jerry Ford Band with Kreutz interviewing the supposed Big Foot himself who is being pursued by Tom Green's character and “Survivorman” Les Stroud. The film was shot in Cape Girardeau, Missouri near where Kreutz was residing at the time.
[[File:Celebrity Walk MS Kickoff Event in West Hollywood with Bryan Kreutz and Billy Patricks and Jessalyn Wanlim and John Haegele.jpg]]
Kreutz currently resides just southeast of [[Los Angeles]] [[California]] in [[Temecula]] with his wife Tiffany and their three children.

==Filmography==

== Film ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role/Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2012
| ''The Apprentice Puppeteer''
| Man in Red
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2012 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
| ''[[To Inflict]]''
| Coffee customer commenter '''†''' Also producer and Story by
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Hercules: The Brave and the Bold''
| Hades '''†''' Also third assistant director
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Imperial-Leader">{{cite web | url=http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%206.pdf http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%207.pdf| title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Imperial Leader Newspaper via Intense Face Boss archives | date=2013 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2017
| ''The Layover (film)''
| Spit Bag Passenger
| Uncredited<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2017 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''East Plains: Get Out!''
| Parade Goer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot''
| Larry Thrunkleman
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2020
| ''The Empty Man (film)''
| Coroner
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2022
| ''Cheaper by the Dozen''
|Pompous pool dad
| Uncredited
|-
| 'Father Stu''
|Bar Patron
| Uncredited
|}
== Television ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via FourWorlds or his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class = "unsortable" | Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2014-2015
| ''[[Up on High Ground]]''
|Brody Vanderschmidt
| '''†''' Also director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="insidestl">{{cite web | url=http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=InsideSTL | date=2014 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2016
| ''Life with Jess''
|Santosh (Voice)
| '''†''' Also story by and producer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Internet Movie Database">{{cite web | url=http://m.imdb.com/title/tt6354112/fullcredits/cast?ref_=m_tt_cl_sc | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Internet Movie Database | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Nova (TV Series)]]''
| Himself
|
|Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="PBS">{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/memory-hackers.html | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=PBS | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Let's Make a Deal]]''
| Self - Contestant
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Ghost Adventures''
| Postmaster
| TV Series documentary
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="6"| 2021
| ''Drama Club''
|Assistant Coach
| 2 Episodes
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Curb Your Enthusiasm''
|Hotel Coffee drinker
|
| Uncredited
|-
| ''The Shrink Next Door''
|Cemetery Groundskeeper
|
| Uncredited
|-
| ''Colin in Black & White''
|Hotel lobby baseball coach
|
| Uncredited
|-
| ''A Captain's Log''
|Self - Host presenter
| 24 Episodes '''†''' Also co-director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Industry Innovators''
| Self
| TV Series documentary
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2022
| ''The Terminal List''
|Pedestrian
|
| Uncredited
|}

== Television Talk shows as Director ==
*'''Note:''' TV or Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for the [[Christian Television Network]].
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Revolution 618]]''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christien Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
| ''Rescued Nation TV''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christian Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
| ''A Captain's Log''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3840743/ Bryan Kreutz at the IMDb database]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Bryan_Kreutz Bryan Kreutz at Fandom]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kreutz, Bryan}}
[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Writers]]
[[Category:American Actors]]

LeVar Burton

2022-08-22T02:49:24Z

Technotronical: Minor update to 3 Teelvision credits in 2022

{{Infobox person
|name=LeVar Burton
(American film, television actor, director, author 
Best known for his ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=
|birth_place= Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
|birth_date=February 16, 1957
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Stephanie Cozart Burton
}}
'''LeVar Burton''' (born February 16, 1957) in Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany as Levardis Robert Martyn Burton Jr. Burton is an [[American]] actor, director, author, podcaster and television host, best known for his portrayal of Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge in [[Star Trek: The Next Generation]] (1987–1994) also directing a number of television episodes for various iterations of Star Trek, and as host of the [[PBS]] Kids educational television series Reading Rainbow for more than 23 years (1983–2006), for which he has received 12 Daytime Emmy Awards, and a Peabody Award as host and executive producer of the show. He has also portrayed the central character Kunta Kinte / Toby in the hit Emmy award wining miniseries “Roots” first aired on [[ABC]] in January 1977. Burton has been nominated for 3 Prime time Emmy's first in 1977, then in 1996, and last in 2016. Another 22 wins & 27 nominations. In November 1990 Burton was awarded a star on the Hollywood walk of fame for his work in the field of television. LeVar Burton married Stephanie Cozart Burton, a professional make-up artist, on October 3, 1992. Burton has two children, son Eian Burton Smith and daughter Michaela "Mica" Jean Burton.

==Early life and Education==
Burton was born at the U.S. Army Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in [[West Germany]]. His mother, Erma Gene (née Christian), was a social worker, administrator, and educator. His father, Levardis Robert Martyn Burton, was a photographer for the [[U.S. Army]] Signal Corps at the time he was stationed at Landstuhl. Burton and his two sisters were raised by his mother in [[Sacramento, California]].

Burton was raised [[Roman Catholic]] and, at the age of 13, entered St. Pius X Minor [[Seminary]] in Galt, [[California]], to become a [[priest]].
At the age of 13, Burton entered a Catholic seminary to study for the [[priesthood]] but ultimately decided to pursue an acting career instead, graduating from the [[University of Southern California|University of Southern California's (USC)]] School of Theater.

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Film
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976
| ''Almos' a Man''
| Dave
| Alternative title: ''Richard Wright's Almos' a Man''
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Looking for Mr. Goodbar (film)|Looking for Mr. Goodbar]]''
| Cap Jackson
|
|-
| 1977
| ''Billy: Portrait of a Street Kid''
| Billy Peoples
| Ghetto child
|-
| 1978
| ''[[One in a Million: The Ron LeFlore Story]]''
| Ron LeFlore
| Alternative title: ''The Man of Passion''
|-
| 1978
| ''Battered''
| Andrew Sinclair
|
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Dummy (1979 film)|Dummy]]''
| Donald Lang
|
|-
| 1980
| ''[[The Hunter (1980 film)|The Hunter]]''
| Tommy Price
|
|-
| 1981
| ''The Acorn People''
| Rodney
|
|-
| 1981
| ''[[Grambling's White Tiger]]''
| Charles 'Tank' Smith
|
|-
| 1983
| ''Emergency Room''
| Ray Walden
|
|-
| 1984
| ''Booker''
| Davis
|
|-
| 1985
| ''And the Children Shall Lead''
| Glenn Scott
| Alternative title: ''PBS Wonderworks: And The Children Shall Lead''
|-
| 1985
| ''[[The Midnight Hour]]''
| Vinnie Davis
| Alternative title: ''In The Midnight Hour''
|-
| 1986
| ''[[The Supernaturals (film)|The Supernaturals]]''
| Private Michael Osgood
|
|-
| 1986
| ''Liberty''
| Robert Johnson
|
|-
| 1987
| ''A Special Friendship''
| Ben Summer
|
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Roots: The Gift]]''
| Kunta Kinte
| Alternative title: ''A Roots Christmas: Kunta Kinte's Gift''
|-
| 1993
| ''Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland''
| Fire Chief J. Alan Mathers
| Alternative title: ''Firestorm: A Catastrophe In Oakland''
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Parallel Lives]]''
| Dr. Franklin Carter
|
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Star Trek Generations]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Yesterday's Target''
| Winstrom
|
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Star Trek: First Contact]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Insurrection]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1999
| ''[[Our Friend, Martin]]''
| Martin, Age 26 (voice)
|
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Dancing in September]]''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Ali (film)|Ali]]''
| [[Martin Luther King Jr.|Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.]]
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Blizzard (film)|Blizzard]]''
| Night Watchman Elf
| Also director
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Reach for Me]]''
| Nathaniel
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Taken in Broad Daylight]]''
| Mike Timbrook
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Superman/Batman Public Enemies]]''
| [[Black Lightning|Jefferson Pierce/Black Lightning]] (voice)
|
|-
| 2011
| ''And They're Off''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2015
| ''Practice Makes Perfect''
| Principal Healy
|
|-
| 2018
| ''[[In Saturn's Rings]]''
| Narrator
| Documentary
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976–1979
| ''[[Rebop (TV series)|Rebop]]''
| Host
|
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Roots (1977 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| [[Kunta Kinte]]
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1978
| ''[[California Jam II]]''
| Himself
| TV Special. Interviewed as guest attendee
|-
| 1980
| ''[[Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones]]''
| Richard Jefferson
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Trapper John, M.D.]]''
| Luther Peacock
| Episode: "[[List of Trapper John, M.D. episodes|A Piece of the Action]]"
|-
| 1983
| ''[[Fantasy Island]]''
| Edward Ross Jr.
| Episode: "[[List of Fantasy Island episodes|Edward/The Extraordinary Miss Jones]]"
|-
| 1983–2006
| ''[[Reading Rainbow]]''
| Host
| 155 episodes
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Jesse Owens Story]]''
| Professor Preston
| Television movie
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Love Boat]]''
| Darnell
| Episode: "[[List of The Love Boat episodes|Love is Blind]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Murder, She Wrote]]''
| Reporter Dave Robinson
| Episode: "[[List of Murder, She Wrote episodes|Death Take a Dive]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Houston Knights]]''
| Jason Evans
| Episode: "Bad Girl"
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
| 178 episodes
|-
| 1990–1996
| ''[[Captain Planet and the Planeteers]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| 113 episodes
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''
| Hayden Sloane/Hatter Henchman (voice)
| Episode: "[[List of Batman: The Animated Series episodes|The Worry Men]]"
|-
| 1993-1999
| [[PBS Kids|PTV]]
| Pernell (voice)
| Leader of the P-Pals
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Christy (TV series)|Christy]]''
| Daniel Scott
| 7 episodes
|-
| 1995
|''[[Deadly Games]]''
| Mr. Metcalf
| Episode: "The Boss"
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child]]''
| Monk (voice)
| Episode: "The Frog Prince"
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]''
| Anansi
| Episode: "[[List of Gargoyles episodes|Mark of the Panther]]"
|-
| 1997
| ''[[Pinky and the Brain]]''
| Murray
| Episode: "[[List of Pinky and the Brain episodes|The Real Life]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''
| Captain Geordi LaForge
| Episode: "[[Timeless (Star Trek: Voyager)|Timeless]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Mister Rogers' Neighborhood]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "1725 - Mister Rogers Talks About Giving and Receiving"
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Becker (TV series)|Becker]]''
| Mr. Haller
| Episode: "[[List of Becker episodes|Beckerethics]]"
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Boomtown (2002 TV series)|Boomtown]]''
| Marvin Lloyd
| Episode: "The Hole-in-the-Wall Gang"
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Family Guy]]''
| Vern (voice), himself (voice)
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2009
| ''The Super Hero Squad Show''
| War Machine (voice)
| Episode: "List of The Super Hero Squad Show episodes|Tales of Suspense"
|-
| 2010
| ''Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!''
| Ghost of LeVar Burton
| Episode: List of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job"
|-
| 2010
| ''[[The Jensen Project]]''
| Kendrick James
| [[Television film]] ([[brokered programming]] from [[Procter & Gamble]]/[[Wal-Mart]])
|-
| 2011, 2014
| ''[[Community (TV series)|Community]]''
| Himself
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2011, 2012, 2014
|''[[The Big Bang Theory]]''
| Himself
| 3 episodes
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Face Off (American TV series)|Face Off]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "Alien Interpreters"
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Rise of the Zombies]]''
| Dr. Dan Halpern
| Television movie
|-
| 2012–2016
| ''[[Transformers: Rescue Bots]]''
| Doc Greene (voice)
| 26 episodes
|-
| 2012–2015
| ''[[Perception (2012 TV series)|Perception]]''
| Paul Haley
| 30 episodes
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Adventure Time]]''
| Bubble (voice)
| Episode: "[[Adventure Time (season 5)|BMO Lost]]"
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)|Hell's Kitchen]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "5 Chefs Compete"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Roots (2016 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| Ephraim
| Episode: "Part 1"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Miles from Tomorrowland]]''
| Dr. Consilium
| Episode: "The First Day of Galactic School/Miles Underwater"
|-
| 2017
| ''[[OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| Episode: "The Power Is Yours"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Explained (TV series)|Explained]]''
| Himself (narrator)
| Episode: "Extraterrestrial Life"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[NCIS: New Orleans]]''
| Rufus Nero
| Episode: "X"
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Weird City (TV series)|Weird City]]''
| Dr. Negari
| Episode: "The One"
|-
|2020
|''[[The Eric Andre Show]]''
|Himself
|Episode: "The ASAP Ferg Show"
|-
|2021
|''[[Nancy Drew (2019 TV series)|Nancy Drew]]''
|Barclay (voice)
|Episode: "The Celestial Visitor"
|-
|2021
|''[[Jeopardy!]]''
|Guest Host
|5 episodes, Season 37
|-
|2022
|''Tom Swift (TV series)''
|Barclay (voice)
|9 episodes
|-
|2022
|''Blindspotting (TV series)''
|
|8 episodes
|-
|2023
|''Star Trek: Picard''
|Geordi La Forge
|10 episodes
|-
|}

===Other work===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1986
| "[[Word Up! (song)|Word Up!]]"
| Detective
| Music video by the funk group [[Cameo (band)|Cameo]]
|}

===Director===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 1993–1999
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''
| 10 episodes
|-
| 1995–2001
| ''Star Trek: Voyager''
| 8 episodes
|-
| 1998
| ''The Tiger Woods Story''
| Alternative title: ''Son, Hero, and Champion''
|-
| 1998–2006
| ''Charmed''
| 3 episodes
|-
| 1999
| ''Smart House (film)''
| Television movie
|-
| 2000–2004
| ''Soul Food (TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2001–2005
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise''
| 9 episodes
|-
| 2003
| ''Blizzard''
| Film
|-
| 2003
| ''JAG (TV series)''
| Episode: "Pulse Rate"
|-
| 2005
| ''Miracle's Boys''
| Episode: "Free Day"
|-
| 2006
| ''Las Vegas (TV series)''
| Episode: "Meatball Montecito"
|-
| 2008
| ''Reach for Me''
| Film
|-
| 2014
| ''Perception (U.S. TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2017–2020
| ''NCIS: New Orleans''
| 8 episodes
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Burton, LeVar}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000996/ LeVar Burton at the IMDb database]
*[https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/LeVar_Burton Memory-alpha Fandom]

Star Trek franchise

2021-10-16T18:34:01Z

Technotronical: /* Lower Decks */

''This article is an overview of all the Star Trek productions. For the original television series, see [[Star Trek: The Original Series]]''
[[Image:startrektoscast.jpg|thumb|right|The crew of the Enterprise from the original 1960s show.]]
The '''''Star Trek'' franchise''' began with ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'', a television series produced by [[Gene Roddenberry]] (1966–69), and includes four other TV series and several movies.
These [[television]] series and [[movie]]s are set in a science fantasy future when mankind is exploring the [[galaxy]] in spaceships and encountering other sentient inhabitants of the galaxy.

''Star Trek'' has a large following among fans (known as "Trekkies"), with books, magazines, websites, and conventions.

== The series ==

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
! Series name || Original air dates || Number of episodes
|-
| ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'' (TOS) || 1966-1969 || style="text-align:right" | 80  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' (TAS) || 1973-1974 || style="text-align:right" | 22  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (TNG) || 1987-1994 || style="text-align:right" | 178  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' (DS9) || 1993-1999 || style="text-align:right" | 176  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Voyager'' (VOY) || 1995-2001 || style="text-align:right" | 172  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' (ENT) || 2001-2005 || style="text-align:right" | 98  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Discovery'' (DSC) || 2017-present || style="text-align:right" | 53  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Short Treks'' (ST) || 2018-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Picard'' (PIC) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 20+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'' (LD) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 30  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' (PRO) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Strange New Worlds'' (SNW) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|}

Eight live-action series have been made or announced, plus three animated series. Additionally there are three Star Trek companion series which include: ''After Trek'', ''Star Trek: Short Treks'', and ''The Ready Room''.

=== ''The Original Series'' ===
{{main|Star Trek: The Original Series}}

The [[Star Trek: The Original Series|original series]] has the mostly-[[human]] crew of the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' exploring the galaxy and performing various missions for ''Starfleet'', the authority which controls the ship.
These missions may be diplomatic or defensive, particularly in connection with the hostile races, the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Klingon|Klingon]]s and the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Romulan|Romulan]]s. Joined by Mr. Spock (half-Vulcan- and half-Human) and Dr. McCoy, Capt. James T. Kirk leads the crew of the USS Enterprise on an intergalactic search for new worlds and new civilizations.

Cast
*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura]]

Notable episodes from ''Star Trek: TOS''
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
''The Next Generation'' followed the theme of the original series, but set about 100 years later with a new crew and a new ship, also named the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'', specifically the U.S.S. ''Enterprise''-D. By this time, the Klingons were at peace with the Federation, and the crew included a Klingon security officer Worf, as well as various other non-human races.
Also on the crew was ''Data'', an android.

The Ferengi were introduced, and were initially meant to be villains. However, as the series went on, they became a more comical foe. The Cardassians, who would go on to play a major role in ''Deep Space Nine,'' became villains in the later years of the series. A major foe introduced with this series was the [[Borg]], a "collective" of [[drone]]s, beings from various races who were "assimilated" into the collective.
When encountering another spaceship, the Borg would often introduce themselves with the statement "''"We are the Borg. You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile!''". The "resistance is futile" phrase has since entered popular culture.

The omnipotent character "Q", with his fascination of Captain Picard and putting humanity on trial had an everlasting impact on the series. Q’s appearance in the 1994 series finale titled “All Good Things…” acted as the perfect bookend to the series, which began with “Encounter at Farpoint” in 1987.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard]]
*[[Jonathan Frakes]] as Commander William T. Riker
*[[LeVar Burton]] as Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge
*Michael Dorn as Lieuteanant Worf
*[[Gates McFadden]] as Dr. Beverly Crusher
*[[Marina Sirtis]] as Counselor Deanna Troi
*Brent Spiner as Lieuteant Commander Data
*Wil Wheaton as Ensign [[Wesley Crusher]] (Seasons 1-4)
*Denise Crosby as Lieuteant Tasha Yar (Season 1)

=== ''Deep Space Nine'' ===
''Deep Space Nine'' was the fourth Star Trek series and entered production in 1992. It was broadcast in first-run syndication from January 1993 until June 1999.
Unlike each of the other series, ''Deep Space Nine'' was set on a space station near the planet Bajor, about a year before ''Next Generation'' finished its run.
The station, originally built by the Cardassians, was administered by Starfleet and with a mixed Starfleet and Bajoran workforce.

The space station protected the only known stable [[wormhole]] through which ships could pass to another part of the galaxy.
The commanding officer at the rank of commander, rather than captain, for a significant portion of its early run is Benjamin Sisko, who was eventually promoted to captain in the 3rd season episode titled "The Adversary". Other Federation officers assigned were Science Officer Jadzia Dax, Chief Medical officer Julian Bashir.
Miles O'Brien, and later Worf, were two characters imported from TNG. Worf – a major character from TNG – played a large role on DS9.
One of the characters on the space station was a "shape-shifter" named Odo, a being that could assume any form as the chief of station security in the Bajoran Militia. The first officer was a non-starfleet officer in the Bajoran Militia named Kira
Several Next Generation characters also had recurring roles on the show, such as Keiko O'Brien and the Klingon Gowron.

The starship USS Defiant was introduced in season 3, but the station remained the primary setting of the series.

Cast

*Avery Brooks as Commander/Captain Benjamin Sisko
*Rene Auberjonois as Odo
*Nicole de Boer as Ensign/Lieutenant jg Ezri Dax (1998-1999)
*Michael Dorn as Lt. Commander Worf (1995-1999)
*Siddig El Fadil as Doctor Bashir
*Terry Farrell as Lieutenant/Lt. Commander Jadzia Dax (1993-1998)
*Cirroc Lofton as Jake Sisko
*Colm Meaney as Chief O'Brien
*Armin Shimerman as Quark
*Nana Visitor as Major/Colonel Kira

=== ''Voyager'' ===
''Voyager'' was the name of a Starfleet ship that became trapped in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant (with Earth being in the Alpha Quadrant), and the series revolved around the crew's attempts to return home, encountering many new races along the way.
The series was set around the same time as ''Deep Space 9''.

The Intrepid-class Federation starship USS Voyager was a ship built to return to Starfleet's founding principle of scientific exploration. Led by Captain Kathryn Janeway. On the ship's first mission while departing the space station Deep Space 9, which required it to find and capture a Maquis vessel that disappeared into the treacherous Badlands, the crew of Voyager, as well as that of the Maquis ship it was pursuing, were swept clear across the galaxy and deep into the Delta Quadrant. This was the doing of a powerful alien being known as the Caretaker. The seventy thousand light year transit cost the lives of over a dozen crew members including lieutenant commander Cavit, who was Kathryn Janeway's first officer on the newly-commissioned USS Voyager. After his death, Cavit was later replaced as first officer by Chakotay, who was granted the provisional rank of Commander, as a Maquis leader, even though he left Starfleet years earlier, having been stranded with his Maquis crew alongside Voyager in an uncharted part of the galaxy.

The part of the galaxy ''Voyager'' was trapped in was on the far side of the galaxy from which the Borg originated, and they needed to enter the Borg area to return home. For this reason, the Borg is an enemy they encounter numerous times. ''Voyager'' features the Borg more than either ''The Next Generation'' or ''Deep Space Nine'' had.
Additionally, one of the characters who joins the series part way through is "Seven of Nine" (born Annika Hansen), a former Borg drone, originally human, who is largely transformed back into a human, although retaining some of the Borg implants and struggling to adapt to human society, having been assimilated into the Borg at a young age. ''Voyager'' also featured a female captain, Kathryn Janeway.

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway
*Robert Beltran as Commander Chakotay
*Roxann Biggs-Dawson as Lieutenant B'Elanna Torres
*Jennifer Lien as Kes (Seasons 1-3)
*Robert Duncan McNeill as Lieutenant Tom Paris
*Ethan Phillips as Neelix
*Robert Picardo as The Doctor
*Tim Russ as Lieutenant Commander Tuvok
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine (Seasons 4-7)
*Garrett Wang as Ensign Harry Kim

=== ''Enterprise'' ===
[[Image:Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek Enterprise with Scott Bakula.jpg|thumb|300px|Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek: Enterprise as he poses with Scott Bakula in 2002]]
''Enterprise'' is set roughly a century prior to ''The Original Series'', at a time when the United Federation of Planets has not yet been formed, and when humans are first starting to travel well beyond Earth, and develop much of the technology that would be common-place in series set later. The mostly-human crew Under the command of United Earth Starfleet is led by Captain Archer, "Trip" Tucker, Reed, Mayweather, and communications officer Hoshi Sato, who travel in a ship also named ''Enterprise''. The other main crew members, not in Starfleet and not human are a Vulcan science officer named T'Pol and a Denobulan doctor named Phlox. The ship formally known as Enterprise NX-01 served a more diplomatic role in the service of United Earth, easing relations between the Vulcans, the Andorians, and the Tellarites, thereby also paving the way toward a Coalition of Planets, an alliance that would lead to the founding of the United Federation of Planets.

The 57th episode of the series in the 3rd season, titled “Exile”, directed by former ''Star Trek: Voyager'' series regular Roxann Dawson, First aired October 15, 2003. This was the first episode and remaining point in a Star Trek series to air in high definition format. Enterprise accomplished a number of technical firsts for a Star Trek series. The series was also the first to be produced in widescreen format.

As opposed to other series, ''Enterprise'' had a more rag-tag, blue collar feel to it. The best example of this can be seen in its theme song, ''Where My Heart Will Take Me'', by Russell Watson.

Cast

*Scott Bakula as Capt. Jonathan Archer
*John Billingsley as Dr. Phlox
*Jolene Blalock as Sub-Cmdr. T'Pol
*Dominic Keating as Lt. Malcolm Reed
*Anthony Montgomery as Ensign Travis Mayweather
*Linda Park as Ensign Hoshi Sato
*Connor Trinneer as Cmdr. Charles 'Trip' Tucker III

=== ''Discovery''===
''Discovery'' is set a decade before ''The Original Series''. It follows a war between the Klingons and the Federation. The crew of the USS Discovery investigate seven mysterious red signals spread across 30,000 lightyears. Michael Burnham herself set all seven red signals. The Red Angel suit was the centerpiece of the Section 31 Daedalus Project and is capable of a giant electromagnetic pulse. Time crystals used to fuel the suit proved hard to procure, but a young Section 31 operative named Leland learns that one such crystal was being sold on the black market near an Orion outpost and managed to steal it. The time crystal was brought to Doctari Alpha, where a scheduled nearby supernova would provide the energy for a test. With the suit on the verge of being tested, the Klingons attacked the outpost after tracking the crystal. The Burnhams, along with young Michael Burnham in 2236 stationed on the outpost by Leland, were believed killed in the attack, which was later described as a Klingon terror raid. Michael Burnham was then raised on Vulcan by Sarek and Amanda Grayson along with foster brothers Spock and Sybok and was the first Human to ever attend the Vulcan Learning Center.

The story of Discovery follows female 23rd century Human Starfleet officer Michael Burnham, Jr. As a commander, she served as the first officer aboard the USS Shenzhou in 2256 who is then stripped of rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for mutiny, but she gained a second chance when she was assigned to the USS Discovery as a specialist. In collaboration with Tilly and Paul Stamets, Burnham discovered the tardigrade's connection to the mycelial network, which enabled the full utilization of a spore drive in order to stop the Klingon attack on Corvan II.

Control, Section 31's threat assessment system relying on artificial intelligence would ultimately betray Starfleet and massacre the crew of Section 31 Headquarters later possessing Leland who tries to kill Burnham and her team. Control was finally dismantled and neutralized, and the USS Discovery traveled 930 years into the future to prevent it from reasserting itself.

Cast
*Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham
*Doug Jones as Saru
*Anthony Rapp as Paul Stamets
*Mary Wiseman as Sylvia Tilly
*Emily Coutts as Lt. Keyla Detmer
*Oyin Oladejo as Lt. Joann Owosekun
*Shazad Latif as Ash Tyler / Voq
*Patrick Kwok-Choon as Lt. Gen Rhys
*Ronnie Rowe as Lt. R.A. Bryce
*Sara Mitich as Airiam (Season 1) / Lt. Nilsson (Season 2)
*Wilson Cruz as Dr. Hugh Culber
*Michelle Yeoh as Philippa Georgiou / Philippa Georgiou (mirror universe)

===''Picard''===
''Picard'' is set in the year 2399, 20 years after the events of ''Star Trek Nemesis.'' Jean-Luc Picard, who had been promoted to Admiral in the years since ''Nemesis,'' is now retired and running his family's vineyard in France. However, when a young woman named Dahj Asha comes to ask for his help, he returns to Starfleet to ask for help, but doesn't get their suppport.

Picard finds reason to believe Dahj is connected to former android Data and feels compelled to help her, but while visiting Starfleet headquarters for support, she is killed by a mysterious force outside the facility.

On an abandoned Borg cube known as the Artifact, Soji Asha (an apparent twin sister of Dahj) works for a Borg Reclamation Project, which is an independent organization operating at this Romulan run Reclamation Site. It was overseen by an executive director, which in 2399 was Hugh, himself a former Borg drone, rescued by Picards Enterprise years ago in Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Without Starfleet's support, Picard is left to recruit a crew of his own: Human cyberneticist Dr. Agnes Jurati, who worked at the Daystrom Institute was recruited out of Starfleet by Bruce Maddox to aid him in his android research. Jurati subsequently appeared at Château Picard in the midst of an attack by Romulan assassins and joins Picard for his mission. Estranged former colleague Raffi Musiker, who once served in Starfleet under Admiral Jean-Luc Picard, helped formulate a new plan to evacuate Romulans from the Romulan supernova after the 2385 Attack on Mars destroyed the Romulan rescue armada pilot. Musiker described her life after Starfleet as "one long slide into humiliation and rage". By 2399, she lived alone in a small house at Vasquez Rocks [[California]] where Picard comes to recruit her for his misson. Cristóbal Rios, former Starfleet commander and first officer of the USS ibn Majid, is recruited by Picard after Picard learns that Rios had become acquainted with Raffi Musiker who says she knows this pilot with his own starship called the La Sirena. Rios, serving with his fully utilized Emergency Hologram basic installation, each of which was programmed in his own image agrees to Picard's terms to aid him in his search for Bruce Maddox.

The young Qowat Milat-trained martial artist Elnor, and a rescued Fenris Ranger Seven of Nine also join Picard and his team, aboard the civilian freighter La Sirena to track Bruce Maddox to Freecloud, believed to be key to finding and protecting Soji. Their fight to protect Soji takes them to the Artifact, Nepenthe, and Coppelius, where Picard and his crew come head to head with the mysterious forces threatening Soji and other forces threatening the galaxy.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard|Jean-Luc Picard]]
*Alison Pill as Dr. Agnes Jurati
*Isa Briones as Soji Asha/ Dahj Asha / Sutra
*Michelle Hurd as Raffi Musiker
*Santiago Cabrera as Cristóbal Rios
*Harry Treadaway as Narek
*Evan Evagora as Elnor
*Peyton List as Lieutenant Narissa Rizzo
*Tamlyn Tomita as Commodore Oh
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine

===''Lower Decks''===
''Lower Decks'' is the second series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', with episodes running half an hour. The show takes place aboard the California-class USS Cerritos on the "lower decks". The show's time period is described as the The Next Generation era, more specifically 2380, after Star Trek Nemesis. The series follows the support crew of Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford, and Tendi on the lower decks and their contributions, often comically, to help the the command crew of the second contact ship USS Cerritos.

The support crew serving on one of Starfleet's least important ships, the U.S.S. Cerritos, have to keep up with their duties, even when distracted by their endeavors to rarely go where no one has gone before. Yet often while the ship is being rocked by a multitude of sci-fi anomalies. Ensign Boimler, who is supposed to be on shore leave, is discovered by Ensign Mariner in a storage closet pretending to do a captains log when she tries to pry the PADD out of his hands to listen to it as an example of their friendship and uncharismatic moments as they grow as officers in Starfleet.

Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford and Tendi must keep up with their duties and their social lives. Often appearing with the bridge crew, Mariner and Boimler are relief conn and operations station officers on the bridge with Rutherford, an engineer, dating a female trill named Ensign Barnes who mans the operations station on the bridge. D'Vana Tendi is the one of the first prime universe Orion race starfleet junior officers. She's a medic on the roster under chief medical officer Dr. T'Ana. Tendi, who eventually moves on from her medical duties to senior science officer training is very positive and upbeat.

The ship's bridge crew is secondary in focus for the first time in a Star Trek series and includes the mother of Beckett Mariner Captain Carol Freeman, first officer Commander Jack Ransom, a fiery bajoran security chief Lieutenant Shaxs, a Caitian race cat-like chief medical officer Doctor T'Ana and chief engineer Lieutenant Commander Andy Billups.

Cast
*Tawny Newsome as Ensign Beckett Mariner
*Jack Quaid as Ensign Brad Boimler
*Noël Wells as Ensign D'Vana Tendi
*Eugene Cordero as Ensign Samanthan "Sam" Rutherford
*Dawnn Lewis as Captain Carol Freeman
*Jerry O'Connell as Commander Jack Ransom
*Fred Tatasciore as Lieutenant Shaxs
*Gillian Vigman as Dr. T'Ana
*Paul Scheer as Lieutenant Commander Andy Billups

===''Prodigy''===
''Prodigy'' is the third series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', and ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'', with episodes running half an hour. ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' entered production in 2021. Star Trek: Prodigy premiered on October 28, 2021, with the first episode titled "Lost & Found" first on Paramount+, then broadcast on Nickelodeon.
Set in the Delta Quadrant of our galaxy, with a goal to make their way towards the Alpha Quadrant a motley crew of young aliens find an abandoned Starfleet ship, the U.S.S. Protostar; taking control of the ship, they must learn to work together. Over the course of their adventures together, the crew of young aliens including a Tellarite Jankom Pog, will each be introduced to Starfleet and the ideals it represents. Captain Janeway is the voice and avatar for the Prodigy series U.S.S. Protostar starship’s Emergency Training Hologram, to offer advice and monitor the ships lower level functions teaching the six alien kids about the ship they commandeer, knowledge about Starfleet, and the ethos of the United Federation of Planets.

Like Janeway from Star Trek:Voyager, Chakotay returns as Captain of his own vessel in Prodigy. Star Trek Voyager guest star Jason Alexander is apart of the main cast of Prodigy voicing Doctor Noum.

Cast

*Rylee Alazraqui as Rok-Tahk
*Jason Alexander as Doctor Noum
*Dee Bradley Baker as Murf
*Robert Beltran as Captain Chakotay
*Daveed Diggs as Commander Tysess
*Brett Gray as Dal
*Angus Imrie as Zero
*Jameela Jamil as Ensign Asencia
*Jason Mantzoukas as Jankom Pog
*Kate Mulgrew as Kathryn Janeway
*John Noble as Diviner
*Ella Purnell as Gwyn
*Jimmi Simpson as Drednok

===''Strange New Worlds''===
''Strange New Worlds'' will follow Captain Pike, Science Officer Spock, and Number One in the decade before Captain Kirk boarded the USS Enterprise, as they explore new worlds around the galaxy. With episodes running one hour, SNW will air on Paramount Plus streaming service.

Cast

*Anson Mount as Christopher Pike
*Ethan Peck as Spock
*Rebecca Romijn as Una, also known as Number One
*Jess Bush as Nurse Christine Chapel
*Celia Rose Gooding as Nyota Uhura
*Babs Olusanmokun as Dr. M'Benga
*Christina Chong as La'an Noonien-Singh
*Bruce Horak as Hemmer
*Melissa Navia as Erica Ortegas

== The Movies ==
[[Image:Ricardo Montalban as Khan behind the scenes unlicensed picture.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ricardo Montalban as Khan in [[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)]]]]
Twelve ''Star Trek'' movies have been produced. ''Star Trek I-VI'' follow the original cast after the events of the original series. ''Star Trek: Generations'' to ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' follow the cast of ''The Next Generation'' (although ''Generations'' featured William Shatner, James Doohan and Walter Koenig). A common trend for the first ten films is the even numbered films tend to be better received critically than the odd numbered films. However, ''Star Trek Nemesis'', the tenth film, was not well-received. ''Star Trek'', ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', and ''Star Trek Beyond'' act as reboots and prequels to the original series. The films are referred to as "The Kelvin Timeline."<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/27/bye-bye-abramsverse-alternate-star-trek-timeline-gets-official-name/</ref> They are also more action-oriented, and are said by many to be similar to ''Star Wars'' in that sense. They also act as sequels, as an older version of Spock appears in both films, coming from the year 2387, eight years after the events of ''Star Trek: Nemesis.''

{| class="wikitable"
!Movie Name || Date of Release || MPAA Rating
|-
|''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' || December 7, 1979 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' || June 4, 1982 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (film, 1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' || June 1, 1984 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' || November 26, 1986 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' || June 9, 1989 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' || December 6, 1991 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Generations'' || November 18, 1994 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: First Contact'' || November 22, 1996 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || December 11, 1998 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || December 13, 2002 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek'' || May 8, 2009 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Into Darkness'' || May 16, 2013 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond'' || July 22, 2016 || PG-13
|-
|}

== Extraterrestrial life ==
{{main|Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek}}

The drama of the shows typically arises from the crew's contact with various forms of [[extraterrestrial life]], mostly, but not always, [[humanoid]] (e.g. the "Crystalline Entity"). In various ways, the [[premise]] of the [[ancient astronaut theory]] is used to assert the seeding of [[life]] throughout the [[galaxy]] as brought up in ''The Next Generation'', although not to the overt extent of a later, unrelated, TV series, ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''.

== Religion in ''Star Trek'' ==
As a [[humanist]], Gene Roddenberry infused ''Star Trek'' with humanism's dream of a world (or galaxy in this case) where humanity (and many other intelligent beings) were constantly improving the life quality of all beings both through improving technology and improving societal conditions.
People worked together for the common good, rather than for money, and without any class or other distinctions.
This is a small part of what is expected in the Christian view of [[heaven]], except that humanism believes that mankind can achieve this through its own efforts, rather than with the help of God. In reality, however, God is needed for humanity to reach its full potential.

Roddenberry rarely had the shows overtly reject religion, although some episodes would make reference to it as a part of culture. For instance in an episode with a man who could not die, it was noted that in one of his personas in Earth history he had been [[Lazarus]] (who [[Jesus]] raised from the dead). In another episode, a virtual clone of Earth where the [[Roman Empire]] never fell was now chasing down followers of "the son" (which the crew mistook to be "sun") and their message of peace and love instead of violence and oppression.

Roddenberry's initial concept of ''Star Trek'' included a man with pointed ears, angles eyebrows, a tail, and red skin to be the captain's (Kirk's) second in command. This was an intentional imitation of the cultural depiction of Satan. However, others advised him to tone this down lest the Christian population be offended, and he did so. The result was Spock and all other Vulcans.

Later series, under the control of other producers particularly after Roddenberry died, also brought religious concepts into the show, but seldom with the same direct references to Christianity, but rather to more generic religious thought.

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
An episode of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' has one major example of anti-religion bias. The third-season episode entitled "Who Watches the Watchers," implies that an alien culture discarding religious beliefs is a positive development.
In the episode "Tapestry", Captain Picard dies and goes to the "afterlife" where he meets his erstwhile adversary "Q", who implies that he is God. Picard refuses to believe this, and makes a comment that "The Universe is not so badly run." However the majority of episodes remain silent on religion. In another episode where the ship is trapped and an alien will perform experiments that will kill up to half the crew, Picard discusses with "Data" (actually the alien in disguise) what happens after one dies and says some believe in a god who keeps them in their present form forever and others believe that this is all there is. When questioned further, he says that he finds the universe is too orderly to believe that this is all there is and thinks that we will go on existing in a reality that we cannot currently comprehend.<ref>Episode [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Where_Silence_Has_Lease Where Silence has Lease] on Memory-Alpha.</ref><ref>[http://tng.trekcore.com/episodes/scripts/128.txt Episode Script]</ref>

=== Bajoran religion ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' included religion more than any other series. An overarching theme of the series was the relation of the main character, Captain Benjamin Sisko, to the Bajoran religion in his role as the emissary to the Bajoran prophets. The prophets were beings who lived in a stable wormhole (a unique phenomenon in the ''Star Trek'' universe referred to by the Bajorans as the Celestial Temple) that perceived all of time as a single event with no concept of past, present, or future. Despite their immense dissimilarity to other races in the galaxy, the Prophets took unusual interest in Bajor, sending "orbs" which were used as tools of prophecy by the Bajoran clergy, and in Sisko who it is revealed exists solely to fulfill a predetermined historical path in an Armageddon-like showdown as the avatar of the prophets against the Pah Wraiths (aliens like the Prophets who were expelled from the Celestial Temple).

=== Other religions ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' also had the Dominion, in which the Founders (shape-shifting aliens sometimes called Changelings) are treated as living gods by the races under their control.

In ''Star Trek: Voyager'', the first officer (Commander Chakotay) repeatedly speaks of and engages in seeking guidance from his "spirit guide." He also introduces others to his pagan belief, including Captain Janeway. He is also able to speak with the dead, such as his father. In the series, this is shown as an interesting but harmless ability, although Christians recognize it to be a representation of demonic activity. As well as being interspersed with other themes in a variety of episodes, almost an entire episode was also dedicated to this religion.

The Klingon religion in various series suggests that the first Klingons realized they had no need for their gods, and killed them, although they still hold to an afterlife where the honorable dead join with the deified Kahless and the dishonorable dead are forced to spend eternity on the Barge of the Dead with the demon-like figure Fecklarr.

The Ferengi (mainly in ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'') had a religion of sorts based on the concept of The Great River (as shown in "Faith, Treachery and The Great River"), which was similar to "[[The invisible hand]]" a phrase coined by [[Adam Smith]]. Ferengi also hold that if they achieve enough profit during their lives, they will meet the Blessed Exchequer who will grant them access to the Divine Treasury, whereas an unsuccessful Ferengi may find himself left in the Vault of Eternal Destitution.

== Political themes ==
Producer Gene Roddenberry emphasized his "utopian vision" of humanity's future. Following this vision, humanity is considered to have achieved perfection in ''Star Trek''. This includes overcoming greed, hate, jealousy, as well as ethnic and national rivalries.<ref name=walker>Walker, J., [http://thiswastv.com/2012/08/29/same-as-it-ever-was-star-trek-after-gene-roddenberry/ Same As It Ever Was?: Star Trek After Gene Roddenberry], ''This Was Television''</ref> In the original series, this vision is illustrated by the use a Russian man and a black woman as regular minor characters (Chekov and Uhura). The Federation's charter, in fact, was a word-for-word copy of the United Nations charter, and by extension, the constitution for the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]].<ref>[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views</ref>

Negative characteristics are generally found only in alien races. In a typical episode, one alien race is trying to enslave another, and the ''Enterprise'' intervenes to restore balance. The principle of equality is thus applied universally, with the Declaration of Independence sometimes mentioned explicitly.<ref>"The Omega Glory", March 1, 1968. Watch Kirk read the Declaration of Independence [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3b56e0u0EgQ here]. It's with feeling; He is obviously an American.</ref> In these episodes, the Federation stands in for the United States, while the villain species stands in for Communists or Nazis.<ref name=Cantor>Cantor, Paul A., ''Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization'', p. 46.</ref> In other episodes, an alien species is used to comment on imperfections in contemporary America. One episode depicts a species divided into two races by skin color.<ref>“Let This Be Your Last Battlefield”, Jan. 10, 1969.</ref> For one race, the left side is white, and right side is black. For the other race, these colors are reversed.<ref name=Cantor/>

In the original series, the military nature of Starfleet combined with the need for adventure and dramatic conflict were sufficient to limit the influence of Roddenberry's left-wing views. These episodes were recorded prior to the feminist era, so gender relations are according to nature and tradition. The early seasons of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' suffered severely from the Roddenberry vision. For example, the character Q was used to parody God. Roddenberry's skeptical view of religion was detailed in several dialogs between Q and Picard.<ref name=walker /> As Roddenberry's health declined, Rick Berman's influence grew. He was promoted to executive producer during the third season of TNG. ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', a Berman creation, broke with the Roddenberry vision in several ways. It included various flawed human characters, and we learned that Starfleet has a secret agency called Section 31 that was responsible for various atrocities.<ref name=walker />

As the citizens of the Federation have access to goods in unlimited supply, it does not have a conventional economy. However, various characters are depicted as running small businesses such as vineyards or restaurants, presumably just for the fun of it.<ref>Yglesias, Matthew, “[http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/11/18/star_trek_economy_federation_is_only_mostly_post_scarcity.html The Star Trek Economy: (Mostly) Post-Scarcity (Mostly) Socialism]", ''Slate''. Nov. 18, 2013.</ref> On the issue of money, the show is inconsistent. Some episodes claim that the Federation has abolished money, others depict Federation citizens bartering for latinum, the Ferengi currency. The Ferengi are traders and businessmen and have an unfettered free market economy. Although it is never made clear what kind of economy the Federation itself has, the Ferengi and other races are depicted as envious of it.<ref>See e.g. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hdiuRMK3UQ this video].</ref>

== Relationship views ==
In addition to his views on religion and politics, Roddenberry had controversial views on relationships. A kiss between Kirk ([[William Shatner]]) and Uhura ([[Nichelle Nichols]]) was aired in 1968.<ref>“Plato’s Stepchildren,” Nov. 22, 1968.</ref> This is generally considered the first interracial kiss on American television, although Sammy Davis Jr. did give Nancy Sinatra a peck on the check almost a year earlier.<ref>''Movin' with Nancy'', Dec. 11, 1967.</ref><ref>Miss Cellania, "[http://www.neatorama.com/2013/04/10/TVs-First-Interracial-Kiss/#!rjF17 TV's First Interracial Kiss]”, ''Neatorama'', April 10, 2013.</ref> Picard and Lily had an interracial kiss in ''Star Trek: First Contact'' (1996), although this was only a brief goodbye kiss.

Roddenberry was also supportive of same-sex relationships, and wanted to integrate homosexual characters into his second series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', reasoning that by the 24th century "no one would care." According to his personal assistant, Ernie Over, "'''He had an agenda (see [[homosexual agenda]]), which was to get gay people onto 'Star Trek.'"'''<ref name=salon>https://www.salon.com/2001/06/30/gay_trek/</ref> However, this proposal was met with resistance by [[Paramount Television]], who reasoned that because the show would eventually be syndicated, it would be accessible to young children for whom such material would be extremely inappropriate. There are some hints of Roddenberry's in early episodes of ''TNG'', such as the notorious background extras wearing skirts.<ref>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/en/images/e/ee/Man_in_a_skant.jpg Here] is an image.</ref>

An early episode of ''TNG'', "Blood and Fire," was intended to be an allegory for AIDS and was to feature homosexual characters. It was never produced, but went on to be used in the fan-produced ''Star Trek: Phase II''.<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/09/11/tv-legends-revealed-star-trek-tng-wouldnt-air-episode-with-gay-crewmen/</ref> Roddenberry repeatedly promised to broach the issue in later seasons but never did before his death. Notably, Whoopi Goldberg attempted to use [[politically correct]], gender-neutral language when explaining sexuality but was rebuffed. She said, "This show is beyond that. It should be 'When two people are in love.'" And so it was decided on set that one of the tables in the background should have two men holding hands — or two women, or whatever. But someone ran to a phone and made a call to the Paramount production office and that was nixed. [Producer] David Livingston came down and made sure that didn't happen."<ref name=salon />

Despite the absence of major homosexual characters, several story lines have indirectly depicted homosexual and other relationships in a positive, or at the very least ambiguous light. For example, in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', Commander William Riker (presumed heterosexual from a previous relationship with Deanna Troi) falls in love with an individual from an androgynous race.<ref>''The Outcast'', originally aired Mar. 16, 1992.</ref>
In ''DS9'', Lieutenant Commander Jadzia Dax (a [[Trill]], a being comprising a humanoid host of a member of another, asexual, species) briefly resumes a relationship with a wife from a previous lifetime (a male host of the same symbiont), and they are shown kissing on screen.<ref>''Rejoined'', originally aired Oct. 30, 1995.</ref>

According to Ira Steven Behr, DS9's showrunner, "I know they got a lot of negative feedback, which only goes to prove a point I always believed in, which is that science fiction fans and '''''Star Trek'' fans are much more [[conservative]] than people want to believe, and this whole Gene Roddenberry [[liberal]] Humanistic vision is truly not shared by a significant portion of them.'''"<ref>''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - The Official Poster Magazine'', issue 5 (credit to Memory Alpha for finding the quote)</ref> As of 2013 with the release of ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' no openly gay characters have been featured and the [[liberal]] media consider this "a glaring double standard."<ref>https://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-lgbt-gay-characters/</ref> However, prior to 2016's ''Star Trek Beyond,'' it was revealed that Sulu will be gay. George Takei said that while he was glad that a gay character will be featured in the film, he felt the move interfered with Roddenberry's original vision.

== Pedophilia and hard-core Star Trek fans ==

Ellen Ladowsky wrote in ''Huffington Post'':
{{Cquote|The ''LA Times'' recently ran a story about the Child Exploitation Section of the Toronto Sex Crimes Unit, which contained a mind-boggling statistic: of the more than 100 offenders the unit has arrested over the last four years, "all but one" has been "a hard-core Trekkie." Blogger Ernest Miller thought this claim was improbable. "I could go to a science fiction convention," he explained "and be less likely to find that 99+ percent of the attendees were hard-core Trekkies." While there may be quibbling about the exact numbers, the Toronto detectives claim that the connection is undeniable.

In fact, Star Trek paraphernalia has so routinely been found at the homes of the pedophiles they've arrested that it has become a gruesome joke in the squad room. (On the wall, there is a Star Trek poster with the detectives' faces replacing those of the crew members). This does not mean that watching Star Trek makes you a pedophile. It does mean that if you're a pedophile, odds are you've watched a lot of Star Trek.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ellen-ladowsky/pedophilia-and-star-trek_b_5857.html Pedophilia and Star Trek fans]</ref>}}

== Institutions ==
The ''United Federation of Planets'' is the multi-world government based on [[Earth]], and under which auspices Starfleet operates.

''Starfleet'' is the exploratory and defensive organisation which operates the various starships.

The ''Academy'' is where Starfleet officers and crew are trained.

== Technology ==
The universe of ''Star Trek'' has an array of advanced technology, some of which has foreshadowed real developments.
This technology includes computer speech recognition, atom-level fabrication, massive energy production, and faster-than-light travel.

All Starfleet members from the time of ''The Next Generation'' on wear broach-size devices on their uniforms which allow instant two-way communication between crew-members or between the crew-member and the ship's computer.

The transporters, being developed at the time of ''Enterprise'', disassemble and reassemble inanimate and animate things, including people, allowing them to be transported over moderate distances. For example, transporters are frequently used to send people from a spaceship in orbit to the surface of a planet and return.

Replicators, introduced in ''The Next Generation'' use similar technology to fabricate inanimate objects from a molecular or atomic level. This includes spare parts for the ships. Specialized food replicators can fabricate a wide variety of food, which is suitable for everyday use, but can on occasions not be quite as good as the real thing.

Holodecks and holosuites (the latter on ''Deep Space Nine'') are rooms containing holoprojectors that project holographic images with solidity, allowing people to interact with the images. A computer controls the images, which includes holographic people who appear just like real people.
The ''Voyager'' series introduced an "emergency medical hologram", a holographic doctor which could be activated in the case of an emergency.
In this case, the ship's real doctor was killed, and the holographic doctor was a regular character, with enhanced abilities including being able to activate and deactivate himself.
He also managed to acquire a portable holographic projector that he could wear, allowing him to leave the confines of the ship's sick bay and its fixed holographic projectors.

Phasers are the classic "ray gun", emitting a beam that, depending on the setting, was capable of stunning or killing the person on the receiving end.

Tricorders were hand-held devices combining the functions of a computer, communicator, and laboratory for sensing and testing objects.
Specialized medical tricorders were also used by medical officers.

Warp drives allow spaceships to travel vast distances by creating a sub-space "bubble" around the ship, allowing faster-than-light travel, a necessity when travelling around the galaxy as part of a day's work.

== The Prime Directive ==
Starfleet had The Prime Directive, first introduced in ''Star Trek: The Original Series'', which said that its personnel should not interfere with the natural progression of a species. The directive sometimes clashed with morality or common sense and on many occasions was ignored by Starfleet officers. There was also a Temporal Prime Directive, introduced in ''Star Trek: Voyager'', which said that when going into the past (by various means) they should not try to alter the course of history. When someone from Starfleet (or elsewhere) violated the directive, officers were justified in working to stop them as long as they did not violate the directive themselves. The plot point of the Prime Directive was largely created as a response to the Vietnam War by Gene L. Coon, with the intended message being to denounce American involvement in the war.

== ''Star Trek'' in culture ==
[[image:284699main image 1204 946-710.jpg|thumb|Gene Roddenberry and original series cast members at the launch of the space shuttle ''Enterprise''.]]
Various concepts from Star Trek have entered popular culture, including the following:
* The [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Vulcan|Vulcan]] greeting, ''Live long and prosper''.
* The [[Borg]] warning that ''resistance is futile''.
* The [[Klingon]] language has been developed as a complete [[constructed language|artificial language]].
* The first [[space shuttle]], ''Enterprise'', was named for the ship in [[Star Trek (original series)|the original series]].

==See also==
* [[Charlie X]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/16/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-tarnished-jubilee-intro/ Star Trek: a tarnished jubilee (Intro)] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/17/editorial/entertainment/communism-star-trek-economy/ Communism: the Star Trek economy] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/19/editorial/entertainment/philosophy-theology-star-trek/ Philosophy and theology in Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/20/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-science-controversies/ Star Trek science controversies] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/21/editorial/entertainment/future-star-trek/ Future in, and of, Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views

The author of these articles has republished them to Conservapedia in essay form, as follows:

*Essay 1: [[Essay:Star Trek: A Tarnished Jubilee|''Star Trek'': A Tarnished Jubilee]]
*Essay 2: [[Essay:Communism: the Star Trek economy|Communism: the ''Star Trek'' economy]]
*Essay 3: [[Essay:Articles of Federation|Articles of Federation]]
*Essay 4: [[Essay:Philosophy and Theology in Star Trek|Philosophy and theology in ''Star Trek'']]
*Essay 5: [[Essay:Star Trek Science Controversies|Scientific controversies]]
*Essay 6: [[Essay:Future in and of Star Trek|The future in, and of, ''Star Trek'']]

[[Category:Star Trek| ]]

Star Trek franchise

2021-10-16T18:32:46Z

Technotronical: /* Lower Decks */

''This article is an overview of all the Star Trek productions. For the original television series, see [[Star Trek: The Original Series]]''
[[Image:startrektoscast.jpg|thumb|right|The crew of the Enterprise from the original 1960s show.]]
The '''''Star Trek'' franchise''' began with ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'', a television series produced by [[Gene Roddenberry]] (1966–69), and includes four other TV series and several movies.
These [[television]] series and [[movie]]s are set in a science fantasy future when mankind is exploring the [[galaxy]] in spaceships and encountering other sentient inhabitants of the galaxy.

''Star Trek'' has a large following among fans (known as "Trekkies"), with books, magazines, websites, and conventions.

== The series ==

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
! Series name || Original air dates || Number of episodes
|-
| ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'' (TOS) || 1966-1969 || style="text-align:right" | 80  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' (TAS) || 1973-1974 || style="text-align:right" | 22  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (TNG) || 1987-1994 || style="text-align:right" | 178  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' (DS9) || 1993-1999 || style="text-align:right" | 176  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Voyager'' (VOY) || 1995-2001 || style="text-align:right" | 172  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' (ENT) || 2001-2005 || style="text-align:right" | 98  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Discovery'' (DSC) || 2017-present || style="text-align:right" | 53  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Short Treks'' (ST) || 2018-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Picard'' (PIC) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 20+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'' (LD) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 30  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' (PRO) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Strange New Worlds'' (SNW) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|}

Eight live-action series have been made or announced, plus three animated series. Additionally there are three Star Trek companion series which include: ''After Trek'', ''Star Trek: Short Treks'', and ''The Ready Room''.

=== ''The Original Series'' ===
{{main|Star Trek: The Original Series}}

The [[Star Trek: The Original Series|original series]] has the mostly-[[human]] crew of the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' exploring the galaxy and performing various missions for ''Starfleet'', the authority which controls the ship.
These missions may be diplomatic or defensive, particularly in connection with the hostile races, the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Klingon|Klingon]]s and the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Romulan|Romulan]]s. Joined by Mr. Spock (half-Vulcan- and half-Human) and Dr. McCoy, Capt. James T. Kirk leads the crew of the USS Enterprise on an intergalactic search for new worlds and new civilizations.

Cast
*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura]]

Notable episodes from ''Star Trek: TOS''
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
''The Next Generation'' followed the theme of the original series, but set about 100 years later with a new crew and a new ship, also named the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'', specifically the U.S.S. ''Enterprise''-D. By this time, the Klingons were at peace with the Federation, and the crew included a Klingon security officer Worf, as well as various other non-human races.
Also on the crew was ''Data'', an android.

The Ferengi were introduced, and were initially meant to be villains. However, as the series went on, they became a more comical foe. The Cardassians, who would go on to play a major role in ''Deep Space Nine,'' became villains in the later years of the series. A major foe introduced with this series was the [[Borg]], a "collective" of [[drone]]s, beings from various races who were "assimilated" into the collective.
When encountering another spaceship, the Borg would often introduce themselves with the statement "''"We are the Borg. You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile!''". The "resistance is futile" phrase has since entered popular culture.

The omnipotent character "Q", with his fascination of Captain Picard and putting humanity on trial had an everlasting impact on the series. Q’s appearance in the 1994 series finale titled “All Good Things…” acted as the perfect bookend to the series, which began with “Encounter at Farpoint” in 1987.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard]]
*[[Jonathan Frakes]] as Commander William T. Riker
*[[LeVar Burton]] as Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge
*Michael Dorn as Lieuteanant Worf
*[[Gates McFadden]] as Dr. Beverly Crusher
*[[Marina Sirtis]] as Counselor Deanna Troi
*Brent Spiner as Lieuteant Commander Data
*Wil Wheaton as Ensign [[Wesley Crusher]] (Seasons 1-4)
*Denise Crosby as Lieuteant Tasha Yar (Season 1)

=== ''Deep Space Nine'' ===
''Deep Space Nine'' was the fourth Star Trek series and entered production in 1992. It was broadcast in first-run syndication from January 1993 until June 1999.
Unlike each of the other series, ''Deep Space Nine'' was set on a space station near the planet Bajor, about a year before ''Next Generation'' finished its run.
The station, originally built by the Cardassians, was administered by Starfleet and with a mixed Starfleet and Bajoran workforce.

The space station protected the only known stable [[wormhole]] through which ships could pass to another part of the galaxy.
The commanding officer at the rank of commander, rather than captain, for a significant portion of its early run is Benjamin Sisko, who was eventually promoted to captain in the 3rd season episode titled "The Adversary". Other Federation officers assigned were Science Officer Jadzia Dax, Chief Medical officer Julian Bashir.
Miles O'Brien, and later Worf, were two characters imported from TNG. Worf – a major character from TNG – played a large role on DS9.
One of the characters on the space station was a "shape-shifter" named Odo, a being that could assume any form as the chief of station security in the Bajoran Militia. The first officer was a non-starfleet officer in the Bajoran Militia named Kira
Several Next Generation characters also had recurring roles on the show, such as Keiko O'Brien and the Klingon Gowron.

The starship USS Defiant was introduced in season 3, but the station remained the primary setting of the series.

Cast

*Avery Brooks as Commander/Captain Benjamin Sisko
*Rene Auberjonois as Odo
*Nicole de Boer as Ensign/Lieutenant jg Ezri Dax (1998-1999)
*Michael Dorn as Lt. Commander Worf (1995-1999)
*Siddig El Fadil as Doctor Bashir
*Terry Farrell as Lieutenant/Lt. Commander Jadzia Dax (1993-1998)
*Cirroc Lofton as Jake Sisko
*Colm Meaney as Chief O'Brien
*Armin Shimerman as Quark
*Nana Visitor as Major/Colonel Kira

=== ''Voyager'' ===
''Voyager'' was the name of a Starfleet ship that became trapped in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant (with Earth being in the Alpha Quadrant), and the series revolved around the crew's attempts to return home, encountering many new races along the way.
The series was set around the same time as ''Deep Space 9''.

The Intrepid-class Federation starship USS Voyager was a ship built to return to Starfleet's founding principle of scientific exploration. Led by Captain Kathryn Janeway. On the ship's first mission while departing the space station Deep Space 9, which required it to find and capture a Maquis vessel that disappeared into the treacherous Badlands, the crew of Voyager, as well as that of the Maquis ship it was pursuing, were swept clear across the galaxy and deep into the Delta Quadrant. This was the doing of a powerful alien being known as the Caretaker. The seventy thousand light year transit cost the lives of over a dozen crew members including lieutenant commander Cavit, who was Kathryn Janeway's first officer on the newly-commissioned USS Voyager. After his death, Cavit was later replaced as first officer by Chakotay, who was granted the provisional rank of Commander, as a Maquis leader, even though he left Starfleet years earlier, having been stranded with his Maquis crew alongside Voyager in an uncharted part of the galaxy.

The part of the galaxy ''Voyager'' was trapped in was on the far side of the galaxy from which the Borg originated, and they needed to enter the Borg area to return home. For this reason, the Borg is an enemy they encounter numerous times. ''Voyager'' features the Borg more than either ''The Next Generation'' or ''Deep Space Nine'' had.
Additionally, one of the characters who joins the series part way through is "Seven of Nine" (born Annika Hansen), a former Borg drone, originally human, who is largely transformed back into a human, although retaining some of the Borg implants and struggling to adapt to human society, having been assimilated into the Borg at a young age. ''Voyager'' also featured a female captain, Kathryn Janeway.

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway
*Robert Beltran as Commander Chakotay
*Roxann Biggs-Dawson as Lieutenant B'Elanna Torres
*Jennifer Lien as Kes (Seasons 1-3)
*Robert Duncan McNeill as Lieutenant Tom Paris
*Ethan Phillips as Neelix
*Robert Picardo as The Doctor
*Tim Russ as Lieutenant Commander Tuvok
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine (Seasons 4-7)
*Garrett Wang as Ensign Harry Kim

=== ''Enterprise'' ===
[[Image:Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek Enterprise with Scott Bakula.jpg|thumb|300px|Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek: Enterprise as he poses with Scott Bakula in 2002]]
''Enterprise'' is set roughly a century prior to ''The Original Series'', at a time when the United Federation of Planets has not yet been formed, and when humans are first starting to travel well beyond Earth, and develop much of the technology that would be common-place in series set later. The mostly-human crew Under the command of United Earth Starfleet is led by Captain Archer, "Trip" Tucker, Reed, Mayweather, and communications officer Hoshi Sato, who travel in a ship also named ''Enterprise''. The other main crew members, not in Starfleet and not human are a Vulcan science officer named T'Pol and a Denobulan doctor named Phlox. The ship formally known as Enterprise NX-01 served a more diplomatic role in the service of United Earth, easing relations between the Vulcans, the Andorians, and the Tellarites, thereby also paving the way toward a Coalition of Planets, an alliance that would lead to the founding of the United Federation of Planets.

The 57th episode of the series in the 3rd season, titled “Exile”, directed by former ''Star Trek: Voyager'' series regular Roxann Dawson, First aired October 15, 2003. This was the first episode and remaining point in a Star Trek series to air in high definition format. Enterprise accomplished a number of technical firsts for a Star Trek series. The series was also the first to be produced in widescreen format.

As opposed to other series, ''Enterprise'' had a more rag-tag, blue collar feel to it. The best example of this can be seen in its theme song, ''Where My Heart Will Take Me'', by Russell Watson.

Cast

*Scott Bakula as Capt. Jonathan Archer
*John Billingsley as Dr. Phlox
*Jolene Blalock as Sub-Cmdr. T'Pol
*Dominic Keating as Lt. Malcolm Reed
*Anthony Montgomery as Ensign Travis Mayweather
*Linda Park as Ensign Hoshi Sato
*Connor Trinneer as Cmdr. Charles 'Trip' Tucker III

=== ''Discovery''===
''Discovery'' is set a decade before ''The Original Series''. It follows a war between the Klingons and the Federation. The crew of the USS Discovery investigate seven mysterious red signals spread across 30,000 lightyears. Michael Burnham herself set all seven red signals. The Red Angel suit was the centerpiece of the Section 31 Daedalus Project and is capable of a giant electromagnetic pulse. Time crystals used to fuel the suit proved hard to procure, but a young Section 31 operative named Leland learns that one such crystal was being sold on the black market near an Orion outpost and managed to steal it. The time crystal was brought to Doctari Alpha, where a scheduled nearby supernova would provide the energy for a test. With the suit on the verge of being tested, the Klingons attacked the outpost after tracking the crystal. The Burnhams, along with young Michael Burnham in 2236 stationed on the outpost by Leland, were believed killed in the attack, which was later described as a Klingon terror raid. Michael Burnham was then raised on Vulcan by Sarek and Amanda Grayson along with foster brothers Spock and Sybok and was the first Human to ever attend the Vulcan Learning Center.

The story of Discovery follows female 23rd century Human Starfleet officer Michael Burnham, Jr. As a commander, she served as the first officer aboard the USS Shenzhou in 2256 who is then stripped of rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for mutiny, but she gained a second chance when she was assigned to the USS Discovery as a specialist. In collaboration with Tilly and Paul Stamets, Burnham discovered the tardigrade's connection to the mycelial network, which enabled the full utilization of a spore drive in order to stop the Klingon attack on Corvan II.

Control, Section 31's threat assessment system relying on artificial intelligence would ultimately betray Starfleet and massacre the crew of Section 31 Headquarters later possessing Leland who tries to kill Burnham and her team. Control was finally dismantled and neutralized, and the USS Discovery traveled 930 years into the future to prevent it from reasserting itself.

Cast
*Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham
*Doug Jones as Saru
*Anthony Rapp as Paul Stamets
*Mary Wiseman as Sylvia Tilly
*Emily Coutts as Lt. Keyla Detmer
*Oyin Oladejo as Lt. Joann Owosekun
*Shazad Latif as Ash Tyler / Voq
*Patrick Kwok-Choon as Lt. Gen Rhys
*Ronnie Rowe as Lt. R.A. Bryce
*Sara Mitich as Airiam (Season 1) / Lt. Nilsson (Season 2)
*Wilson Cruz as Dr. Hugh Culber
*Michelle Yeoh as Philippa Georgiou / Philippa Georgiou (mirror universe)

===''Picard''===
''Picard'' is set in the year 2399, 20 years after the events of ''Star Trek Nemesis.'' Jean-Luc Picard, who had been promoted to Admiral in the years since ''Nemesis,'' is now retired and running his family's vineyard in France. However, when a young woman named Dahj Asha comes to ask for his help, he returns to Starfleet to ask for help, but doesn't get their suppport.

Picard finds reason to believe Dahj is connected to former android Data and feels compelled to help her, but while visiting Starfleet headquarters for support, she is killed by a mysterious force outside the facility.

On an abandoned Borg cube known as the Artifact, Soji Asha (an apparent twin sister of Dahj) works for a Borg Reclamation Project, which is an independent organization operating at this Romulan run Reclamation Site. It was overseen by an executive director, which in 2399 was Hugh, himself a former Borg drone, rescued by Picards Enterprise years ago in Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Without Starfleet's support, Picard is left to recruit a crew of his own: Human cyberneticist Dr. Agnes Jurati, who worked at the Daystrom Institute was recruited out of Starfleet by Bruce Maddox to aid him in his android research. Jurati subsequently appeared at Château Picard in the midst of an attack by Romulan assassins and joins Picard for his mission. Estranged former colleague Raffi Musiker, who once served in Starfleet under Admiral Jean-Luc Picard, helped formulate a new plan to evacuate Romulans from the Romulan supernova after the 2385 Attack on Mars destroyed the Romulan rescue armada pilot. Musiker described her life after Starfleet as "one long slide into humiliation and rage". By 2399, she lived alone in a small house at Vasquez Rocks [[California]] where Picard comes to recruit her for his misson. Cristóbal Rios, former Starfleet commander and first officer of the USS ibn Majid, is recruited by Picard after Picard learns that Rios had become acquainted with Raffi Musiker who says she knows this pilot with his own starship called the La Sirena. Rios, serving with his fully utilized Emergency Hologram basic installation, each of which was programmed in his own image agrees to Picard's terms to aid him in his search for Bruce Maddox.

The young Qowat Milat-trained martial artist Elnor, and a rescued Fenris Ranger Seven of Nine also join Picard and his team, aboard the civilian freighter La Sirena to track Bruce Maddox to Freecloud, believed to be key to finding and protecting Soji. Their fight to protect Soji takes them to the Artifact, Nepenthe, and Coppelius, where Picard and his crew come head to head with the mysterious forces threatening Soji and other forces threatening the galaxy.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard|Jean-Luc Picard]]
*Alison Pill as Dr. Agnes Jurati
*Isa Briones as Soji Asha/ Dahj Asha / Sutra
*Michelle Hurd as Raffi Musiker
*Santiago Cabrera as Cristóbal Rios
*Harry Treadaway as Narek
*Evan Evagora as Elnor
*Peyton List as Lieutenant Narissa Rizzo
*Tamlyn Tomita as Commodore Oh
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine

===''Lower Decks''===
''Lower Decks'' is the second series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', with episodes running half an hour. The show takes place aboard the California-class USS Cerritos on the "lower decks". The show's time period is described as the The Next Generation era, more specifically 2380, after Star Trek Nemesis. The series follows the support crew of Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford, and Tendi on the lower decks and their contributions, often comically, to help the the command crew of the second contact ship USS Cerritos.

The support crew serving on one of Starfleet's least important ships, the U.S.S. Cerritos, have to keep up with their duties, even when distracted by their endeavors to rarely go where no one has gone before. Yet often while the ship is being rocked by a multitude of sci-fi anomalies. Ensign Boimler, who is supposed to be on shore leave, is discovered by Ensign Mariner in a storage closet pretending to do a captains log when she tries to pry the PADD out of his hands to listen to it as an example of their friendship and uncharismatic moments as they grow as officers in Starfleet.

Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford and Tendi must keep up with their duties and their social lives. Often appearing with the bridge crew, Mariner and Boimler are relief conn and operations station officers on the bridge with Rutherford, an engineer, dating a female trill named Ensign Barnes who mans the operations station on the bridge. D'Vana Tendi is the one of the first prime universe Orion race starfleet junior officers. She's a medic on the roster under chief medical officer Dr. T'Ana. Tendi, who eventually moves on from her medical duties to senior science officer training.

The ship's bridge crew is secondary in focus for the first time in a Star Trek series and includes the mother of Beckett Mariner Captain Carol Freeman, first officer Commander Jack Ransom, a fiery bajoran security chief Lieutenant Shaxs, a Caitian race cat-like chief medical officer Doctor T'Ana and chief engineer Lieutenant Commander Andy Billups.

Cast
*Tawny Newsome as Ensign Beckett Mariner
*Jack Quaid as Ensign Brad Boimler
*Noël Wells as Ensign D'Vana Tendi
*Eugene Cordero as Ensign Samanthan "Sam" Rutherford
*Dawnn Lewis as Captain Carol Freeman
*Jerry O'Connell as Commander Jack Ransom
*Fred Tatasciore as Lieutenant Shaxs
*Gillian Vigman as Dr. T'Ana
*Paul Scheer as Lieutenant Commander Andy Billups

===''Prodigy''===
''Prodigy'' is the third series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', and ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'', with episodes running half an hour. ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' entered production in 2021. Star Trek: Prodigy premiered on October 28, 2021, with the first episode titled "Lost & Found" first on Paramount+, then broadcast on Nickelodeon.
Set in the Delta Quadrant of our galaxy, with a goal to make their way towards the Alpha Quadrant a motley crew of young aliens find an abandoned Starfleet ship, the U.S.S. Protostar; taking control of the ship, they must learn to work together. Over the course of their adventures together, the crew of young aliens including a Tellarite Jankom Pog, will each be introduced to Starfleet and the ideals it represents. Captain Janeway is the voice and avatar for the Prodigy series U.S.S. Protostar starship’s Emergency Training Hologram, to offer advice and monitor the ships lower level functions teaching the six alien kids about the ship they commandeer, knowledge about Starfleet, and the ethos of the United Federation of Planets.

Like Janeway from Star Trek:Voyager, Chakotay returns as Captain of his own vessel in Prodigy. Star Trek Voyager guest star Jason Alexander is apart of the main cast of Prodigy voicing Doctor Noum.

Cast

*Rylee Alazraqui as Rok-Tahk
*Jason Alexander as Doctor Noum
*Dee Bradley Baker as Murf
*Robert Beltran as Captain Chakotay
*Daveed Diggs as Commander Tysess
*Brett Gray as Dal
*Angus Imrie as Zero
*Jameela Jamil as Ensign Asencia
*Jason Mantzoukas as Jankom Pog
*Kate Mulgrew as Kathryn Janeway
*John Noble as Diviner
*Ella Purnell as Gwyn
*Jimmi Simpson as Drednok

===''Strange New Worlds''===
''Strange New Worlds'' will follow Captain Pike, Science Officer Spock, and Number One in the decade before Captain Kirk boarded the USS Enterprise, as they explore new worlds around the galaxy. With episodes running one hour, SNW will air on Paramount Plus streaming service.

Cast

*Anson Mount as Christopher Pike
*Ethan Peck as Spock
*Rebecca Romijn as Una, also known as Number One
*Jess Bush as Nurse Christine Chapel
*Celia Rose Gooding as Nyota Uhura
*Babs Olusanmokun as Dr. M'Benga
*Christina Chong as La'an Noonien-Singh
*Bruce Horak as Hemmer
*Melissa Navia as Erica Ortegas

== The Movies ==
[[Image:Ricardo Montalban as Khan behind the scenes unlicensed picture.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ricardo Montalban as Khan in [[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)]]]]
Twelve ''Star Trek'' movies have been produced. ''Star Trek I-VI'' follow the original cast after the events of the original series. ''Star Trek: Generations'' to ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' follow the cast of ''The Next Generation'' (although ''Generations'' featured William Shatner, James Doohan and Walter Koenig). A common trend for the first ten films is the even numbered films tend to be better received critically than the odd numbered films. However, ''Star Trek Nemesis'', the tenth film, was not well-received. ''Star Trek'', ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', and ''Star Trek Beyond'' act as reboots and prequels to the original series. The films are referred to as "The Kelvin Timeline."<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/27/bye-bye-abramsverse-alternate-star-trek-timeline-gets-official-name/</ref> They are also more action-oriented, and are said by many to be similar to ''Star Wars'' in that sense. They also act as sequels, as an older version of Spock appears in both films, coming from the year 2387, eight years after the events of ''Star Trek: Nemesis.''

{| class="wikitable"
!Movie Name || Date of Release || MPAA Rating
|-
|''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' || December 7, 1979 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' || June 4, 1982 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (film, 1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' || June 1, 1984 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' || November 26, 1986 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' || June 9, 1989 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' || December 6, 1991 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Generations'' || November 18, 1994 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: First Contact'' || November 22, 1996 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || December 11, 1998 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || December 13, 2002 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek'' || May 8, 2009 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Into Darkness'' || May 16, 2013 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond'' || July 22, 2016 || PG-13
|-
|}

== Extraterrestrial life ==
{{main|Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek}}

The drama of the shows typically arises from the crew's contact with various forms of [[extraterrestrial life]], mostly, but not always, [[humanoid]] (e.g. the "Crystalline Entity"). In various ways, the [[premise]] of the [[ancient astronaut theory]] is used to assert the seeding of [[life]] throughout the [[galaxy]] as brought up in ''The Next Generation'', although not to the overt extent of a later, unrelated, TV series, ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''.

== Religion in ''Star Trek'' ==
As a [[humanist]], Gene Roddenberry infused ''Star Trek'' with humanism's dream of a world (or galaxy in this case) where humanity (and many other intelligent beings) were constantly improving the life quality of all beings both through improving technology and improving societal conditions.
People worked together for the common good, rather than for money, and without any class or other distinctions.
This is a small part of what is expected in the Christian view of [[heaven]], except that humanism believes that mankind can achieve this through its own efforts, rather than with the help of God. In reality, however, God is needed for humanity to reach its full potential.

Roddenberry rarely had the shows overtly reject religion, although some episodes would make reference to it as a part of culture. For instance in an episode with a man who could not die, it was noted that in one of his personas in Earth history he had been [[Lazarus]] (who [[Jesus]] raised from the dead). In another episode, a virtual clone of Earth where the [[Roman Empire]] never fell was now chasing down followers of "the son" (which the crew mistook to be "sun") and their message of peace and love instead of violence and oppression.

Roddenberry's initial concept of ''Star Trek'' included a man with pointed ears, angles eyebrows, a tail, and red skin to be the captain's (Kirk's) second in command. This was an intentional imitation of the cultural depiction of Satan. However, others advised him to tone this down lest the Christian population be offended, and he did so. The result was Spock and all other Vulcans.

Later series, under the control of other producers particularly after Roddenberry died, also brought religious concepts into the show, but seldom with the same direct references to Christianity, but rather to more generic religious thought.

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
An episode of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' has one major example of anti-religion bias. The third-season episode entitled "Who Watches the Watchers," implies that an alien culture discarding religious beliefs is a positive development.
In the episode "Tapestry", Captain Picard dies and goes to the "afterlife" where he meets his erstwhile adversary "Q", who implies that he is God. Picard refuses to believe this, and makes a comment that "The Universe is not so badly run." However the majority of episodes remain silent on religion. In another episode where the ship is trapped and an alien will perform experiments that will kill up to half the crew, Picard discusses with "Data" (actually the alien in disguise) what happens after one dies and says some believe in a god who keeps them in their present form forever and others believe that this is all there is. When questioned further, he says that he finds the universe is too orderly to believe that this is all there is and thinks that we will go on existing in a reality that we cannot currently comprehend.<ref>Episode [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Where_Silence_Has_Lease Where Silence has Lease] on Memory-Alpha.</ref><ref>[http://tng.trekcore.com/episodes/scripts/128.txt Episode Script]</ref>

=== Bajoran religion ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' included religion more than any other series. An overarching theme of the series was the relation of the main character, Captain Benjamin Sisko, to the Bajoran religion in his role as the emissary to the Bajoran prophets. The prophets were beings who lived in a stable wormhole (a unique phenomenon in the ''Star Trek'' universe referred to by the Bajorans as the Celestial Temple) that perceived all of time as a single event with no concept of past, present, or future. Despite their immense dissimilarity to other races in the galaxy, the Prophets took unusual interest in Bajor, sending "orbs" which were used as tools of prophecy by the Bajoran clergy, and in Sisko who it is revealed exists solely to fulfill a predetermined historical path in an Armageddon-like showdown as the avatar of the prophets against the Pah Wraiths (aliens like the Prophets who were expelled from the Celestial Temple).

=== Other religions ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' also had the Dominion, in which the Founders (shape-shifting aliens sometimes called Changelings) are treated as living gods by the races under their control.

In ''Star Trek: Voyager'', the first officer (Commander Chakotay) repeatedly speaks of and engages in seeking guidance from his "spirit guide." He also introduces others to his pagan belief, including Captain Janeway. He is also able to speak with the dead, such as his father. In the series, this is shown as an interesting but harmless ability, although Christians recognize it to be a representation of demonic activity. As well as being interspersed with other themes in a variety of episodes, almost an entire episode was also dedicated to this religion.

The Klingon religion in various series suggests that the first Klingons realized they had no need for their gods, and killed them, although they still hold to an afterlife where the honorable dead join with the deified Kahless and the dishonorable dead are forced to spend eternity on the Barge of the Dead with the demon-like figure Fecklarr.

The Ferengi (mainly in ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'') had a religion of sorts based on the concept of The Great River (as shown in "Faith, Treachery and The Great River"), which was similar to "[[The invisible hand]]" a phrase coined by [[Adam Smith]]. Ferengi also hold that if they achieve enough profit during their lives, they will meet the Blessed Exchequer who will grant them access to the Divine Treasury, whereas an unsuccessful Ferengi may find himself left in the Vault of Eternal Destitution.

== Political themes ==
Producer Gene Roddenberry emphasized his "utopian vision" of humanity's future. Following this vision, humanity is considered to have achieved perfection in ''Star Trek''. This includes overcoming greed, hate, jealousy, as well as ethnic and national rivalries.<ref name=walker>Walker, J., [http://thiswastv.com/2012/08/29/same-as-it-ever-was-star-trek-after-gene-roddenberry/ Same As It Ever Was?: Star Trek After Gene Roddenberry], ''This Was Television''</ref> In the original series, this vision is illustrated by the use a Russian man and a black woman as regular minor characters (Chekov and Uhura). The Federation's charter, in fact, was a word-for-word copy of the United Nations charter, and by extension, the constitution for the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]].<ref>[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views</ref>

Negative characteristics are generally found only in alien races. In a typical episode, one alien race is trying to enslave another, and the ''Enterprise'' intervenes to restore balance. The principle of equality is thus applied universally, with the Declaration of Independence sometimes mentioned explicitly.<ref>"The Omega Glory", March 1, 1968. Watch Kirk read the Declaration of Independence [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3b56e0u0EgQ here]. It's with feeling; He is obviously an American.</ref> In these episodes, the Federation stands in for the United States, while the villain species stands in for Communists or Nazis.<ref name=Cantor>Cantor, Paul A., ''Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization'', p. 46.</ref> In other episodes, an alien species is used to comment on imperfections in contemporary America. One episode depicts a species divided into two races by skin color.<ref>“Let This Be Your Last Battlefield”, Jan. 10, 1969.</ref> For one race, the left side is white, and right side is black. For the other race, these colors are reversed.<ref name=Cantor/>

In the original series, the military nature of Starfleet combined with the need for adventure and dramatic conflict were sufficient to limit the influence of Roddenberry's left-wing views. These episodes were recorded prior to the feminist era, so gender relations are according to nature and tradition. The early seasons of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' suffered severely from the Roddenberry vision. For example, the character Q was used to parody God. Roddenberry's skeptical view of religion was detailed in several dialogs between Q and Picard.<ref name=walker /> As Roddenberry's health declined, Rick Berman's influence grew. He was promoted to executive producer during the third season of TNG. ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', a Berman creation, broke with the Roddenberry vision in several ways. It included various flawed human characters, and we learned that Starfleet has a secret agency called Section 31 that was responsible for various atrocities.<ref name=walker />

As the citizens of the Federation have access to goods in unlimited supply, it does not have a conventional economy. However, various characters are depicted as running small businesses such as vineyards or restaurants, presumably just for the fun of it.<ref>Yglesias, Matthew, “[http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/11/18/star_trek_economy_federation_is_only_mostly_post_scarcity.html The Star Trek Economy: (Mostly) Post-Scarcity (Mostly) Socialism]", ''Slate''. Nov. 18, 2013.</ref> On the issue of money, the show is inconsistent. Some episodes claim that the Federation has abolished money, others depict Federation citizens bartering for latinum, the Ferengi currency. The Ferengi are traders and businessmen and have an unfettered free market economy. Although it is never made clear what kind of economy the Federation itself has, the Ferengi and other races are depicted as envious of it.<ref>See e.g. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hdiuRMK3UQ this video].</ref>

== Relationship views ==
In addition to his views on religion and politics, Roddenberry had controversial views on relationships. A kiss between Kirk ([[William Shatner]]) and Uhura ([[Nichelle Nichols]]) was aired in 1968.<ref>“Plato’s Stepchildren,” Nov. 22, 1968.</ref> This is generally considered the first interracial kiss on American television, although Sammy Davis Jr. did give Nancy Sinatra a peck on the check almost a year earlier.<ref>''Movin' with Nancy'', Dec. 11, 1967.</ref><ref>Miss Cellania, "[http://www.neatorama.com/2013/04/10/TVs-First-Interracial-Kiss/#!rjF17 TV's First Interracial Kiss]”, ''Neatorama'', April 10, 2013.</ref> Picard and Lily had an interracial kiss in ''Star Trek: First Contact'' (1996), although this was only a brief goodbye kiss.

Roddenberry was also supportive of same-sex relationships, and wanted to integrate homosexual characters into his second series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', reasoning that by the 24th century "no one would care." According to his personal assistant, Ernie Over, "'''He had an agenda (see [[homosexual agenda]]), which was to get gay people onto 'Star Trek.'"'''<ref name=salon>https://www.salon.com/2001/06/30/gay_trek/</ref> However, this proposal was met with resistance by [[Paramount Television]], who reasoned that because the show would eventually be syndicated, it would be accessible to young children for whom such material would be extremely inappropriate. There are some hints of Roddenberry's in early episodes of ''TNG'', such as the notorious background extras wearing skirts.<ref>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/en/images/e/ee/Man_in_a_skant.jpg Here] is an image.</ref>

An early episode of ''TNG'', "Blood and Fire," was intended to be an allegory for AIDS and was to feature homosexual characters. It was never produced, but went on to be used in the fan-produced ''Star Trek: Phase II''.<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/09/11/tv-legends-revealed-star-trek-tng-wouldnt-air-episode-with-gay-crewmen/</ref> Roddenberry repeatedly promised to broach the issue in later seasons but never did before his death. Notably, Whoopi Goldberg attempted to use [[politically correct]], gender-neutral language when explaining sexuality but was rebuffed. She said, "This show is beyond that. It should be 'When two people are in love.'" And so it was decided on set that one of the tables in the background should have two men holding hands — or two women, or whatever. But someone ran to a phone and made a call to the Paramount production office and that was nixed. [Producer] David Livingston came down and made sure that didn't happen."<ref name=salon />

Despite the absence of major homosexual characters, several story lines have indirectly depicted homosexual and other relationships in a positive, or at the very least ambiguous light. For example, in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', Commander William Riker (presumed heterosexual from a previous relationship with Deanna Troi) falls in love with an individual from an androgynous race.<ref>''The Outcast'', originally aired Mar. 16, 1992.</ref>
In ''DS9'', Lieutenant Commander Jadzia Dax (a [[Trill]], a being comprising a humanoid host of a member of another, asexual, species) briefly resumes a relationship with a wife from a previous lifetime (a male host of the same symbiont), and they are shown kissing on screen.<ref>''Rejoined'', originally aired Oct. 30, 1995.</ref>

According to Ira Steven Behr, DS9's showrunner, "I know they got a lot of negative feedback, which only goes to prove a point I always believed in, which is that science fiction fans and '''''Star Trek'' fans are much more [[conservative]] than people want to believe, and this whole Gene Roddenberry [[liberal]] Humanistic vision is truly not shared by a significant portion of them.'''"<ref>''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - The Official Poster Magazine'', issue 5 (credit to Memory Alpha for finding the quote)</ref> As of 2013 with the release of ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' no openly gay characters have been featured and the [[liberal]] media consider this "a glaring double standard."<ref>https://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-lgbt-gay-characters/</ref> However, prior to 2016's ''Star Trek Beyond,'' it was revealed that Sulu will be gay. George Takei said that while he was glad that a gay character will be featured in the film, he felt the move interfered with Roddenberry's original vision.

== Pedophilia and hard-core Star Trek fans ==

Ellen Ladowsky wrote in ''Huffington Post'':
{{Cquote|The ''LA Times'' recently ran a story about the Child Exploitation Section of the Toronto Sex Crimes Unit, which contained a mind-boggling statistic: of the more than 100 offenders the unit has arrested over the last four years, "all but one" has been "a hard-core Trekkie." Blogger Ernest Miller thought this claim was improbable. "I could go to a science fiction convention," he explained "and be less likely to find that 99+ percent of the attendees were hard-core Trekkies." While there may be quibbling about the exact numbers, the Toronto detectives claim that the connection is undeniable.

In fact, Star Trek paraphernalia has so routinely been found at the homes of the pedophiles they've arrested that it has become a gruesome joke in the squad room. (On the wall, there is a Star Trek poster with the detectives' faces replacing those of the crew members). This does not mean that watching Star Trek makes you a pedophile. It does mean that if you're a pedophile, odds are you've watched a lot of Star Trek.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ellen-ladowsky/pedophilia-and-star-trek_b_5857.html Pedophilia and Star Trek fans]</ref>}}

== Institutions ==
The ''United Federation of Planets'' is the multi-world government based on [[Earth]], and under which auspices Starfleet operates.

''Starfleet'' is the exploratory and defensive organisation which operates the various starships.

The ''Academy'' is where Starfleet officers and crew are trained.

== Technology ==
The universe of ''Star Trek'' has an array of advanced technology, some of which has foreshadowed real developments.
This technology includes computer speech recognition, atom-level fabrication, massive energy production, and faster-than-light travel.

All Starfleet members from the time of ''The Next Generation'' on wear broach-size devices on their uniforms which allow instant two-way communication between crew-members or between the crew-member and the ship's computer.

The transporters, being developed at the time of ''Enterprise'', disassemble and reassemble inanimate and animate things, including people, allowing them to be transported over moderate distances. For example, transporters are frequently used to send people from a spaceship in orbit to the surface of a planet and return.

Replicators, introduced in ''The Next Generation'' use similar technology to fabricate inanimate objects from a molecular or atomic level. This includes spare parts for the ships. Specialized food replicators can fabricate a wide variety of food, which is suitable for everyday use, but can on occasions not be quite as good as the real thing.

Holodecks and holosuites (the latter on ''Deep Space Nine'') are rooms containing holoprojectors that project holographic images with solidity, allowing people to interact with the images. A computer controls the images, which includes holographic people who appear just like real people.
The ''Voyager'' series introduced an "emergency medical hologram", a holographic doctor which could be activated in the case of an emergency.
In this case, the ship's real doctor was killed, and the holographic doctor was a regular character, with enhanced abilities including being able to activate and deactivate himself.
He also managed to acquire a portable holographic projector that he could wear, allowing him to leave the confines of the ship's sick bay and its fixed holographic projectors.

Phasers are the classic "ray gun", emitting a beam that, depending on the setting, was capable of stunning or killing the person on the receiving end.

Tricorders were hand-held devices combining the functions of a computer, communicator, and laboratory for sensing and testing objects.
Specialized medical tricorders were also used by medical officers.

Warp drives allow spaceships to travel vast distances by creating a sub-space "bubble" around the ship, allowing faster-than-light travel, a necessity when travelling around the galaxy as part of a day's work.

== The Prime Directive ==
Starfleet had The Prime Directive, first introduced in ''Star Trek: The Original Series'', which said that its personnel should not interfere with the natural progression of a species. The directive sometimes clashed with morality or common sense and on many occasions was ignored by Starfleet officers. There was also a Temporal Prime Directive, introduced in ''Star Trek: Voyager'', which said that when going into the past (by various means) they should not try to alter the course of history. When someone from Starfleet (or elsewhere) violated the directive, officers were justified in working to stop them as long as they did not violate the directive themselves. The plot point of the Prime Directive was largely created as a response to the Vietnam War by Gene L. Coon, with the intended message being to denounce American involvement in the war.

== ''Star Trek'' in culture ==
[[image:284699main image 1204 946-710.jpg|thumb|Gene Roddenberry and original series cast members at the launch of the space shuttle ''Enterprise''.]]
Various concepts from Star Trek have entered popular culture, including the following:
* The [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Vulcan|Vulcan]] greeting, ''Live long and prosper''.
* The [[Borg]] warning that ''resistance is futile''.
* The [[Klingon]] language has been developed as a complete [[constructed language|artificial language]].
* The first [[space shuttle]], ''Enterprise'', was named for the ship in [[Star Trek (original series)|the original series]].

==See also==
* [[Charlie X]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/16/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-tarnished-jubilee-intro/ Star Trek: a tarnished jubilee (Intro)] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/17/editorial/entertainment/communism-star-trek-economy/ Communism: the Star Trek economy] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/19/editorial/entertainment/philosophy-theology-star-trek/ Philosophy and theology in Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/20/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-science-controversies/ Star Trek science controversies] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/21/editorial/entertainment/future-star-trek/ Future in, and of, Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views

The author of these articles has republished them to Conservapedia in essay form, as follows:

*Essay 1: [[Essay:Star Trek: A Tarnished Jubilee|''Star Trek'': A Tarnished Jubilee]]
*Essay 2: [[Essay:Communism: the Star Trek economy|Communism: the ''Star Trek'' economy]]
*Essay 3: [[Essay:Articles of Federation|Articles of Federation]]
*Essay 4: [[Essay:Philosophy and Theology in Star Trek|Philosophy and theology in ''Star Trek'']]
*Essay 5: [[Essay:Star Trek Science Controversies|Scientific controversies]]
*Essay 6: [[Essay:Future in and of Star Trek|The future in, and of, ''Star Trek'']]

[[Category:Star Trek| ]]

Star Trek franchise

2021-10-16T18:26:35Z

Technotronical: completed Star Trek Lower Decks description additions, 1 cast addition, Added Star Trek Prodigy cast and series description additions and Star Trek Strange New Worlds Cast.

''This article is an overview of all the Star Trek productions. For the original television series, see [[Star Trek: The Original Series]]''
[[Image:startrektoscast.jpg|thumb|right|The crew of the Enterprise from the original 1960s show.]]
The '''''Star Trek'' franchise''' began with ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'', a television series produced by [[Gene Roddenberry]] (1966–69), and includes four other TV series and several movies.
These [[television]] series and [[movie]]s are set in a science fantasy future when mankind is exploring the [[galaxy]] in spaceships and encountering other sentient inhabitants of the galaxy.

''Star Trek'' has a large following among fans (known as "Trekkies"), with books, magazines, websites, and conventions.

== The series ==

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
! Series name || Original air dates || Number of episodes
|-
| ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'' (TOS) || 1966-1969 || style="text-align:right" | 80  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' (TAS) || 1973-1974 || style="text-align:right" | 22  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (TNG) || 1987-1994 || style="text-align:right" | 178  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' (DS9) || 1993-1999 || style="text-align:right" | 176  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Voyager'' (VOY) || 1995-2001 || style="text-align:right" | 172  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' (ENT) || 2001-2005 || style="text-align:right" | 98  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Discovery'' (DSC) || 2017-present || style="text-align:right" | 53  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Short Treks'' (ST) || 2018-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Picard'' (PIC) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 20+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'' (LD) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 30  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' (PRO) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Strange New Worlds'' (SNW) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|}

Eight live-action series have been made or announced, plus three animated series. Additionally there are three Star Trek companion series which include: ''After Trek'', ''Star Trek: Short Treks'', and ''The Ready Room''.

=== ''The Original Series'' ===
{{main|Star Trek: The Original Series}}

The [[Star Trek: The Original Series|original series]] has the mostly-[[human]] crew of the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' exploring the galaxy and performing various missions for ''Starfleet'', the authority which controls the ship.
These missions may be diplomatic or defensive, particularly in connection with the hostile races, the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Klingon|Klingon]]s and the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Romulan|Romulan]]s. Joined by Mr. Spock (half-Vulcan- and half-Human) and Dr. McCoy, Capt. James T. Kirk leads the crew of the USS Enterprise on an intergalactic search for new worlds and new civilizations.

Cast
*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura]]

Notable episodes from ''Star Trek: TOS''
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
''The Next Generation'' followed the theme of the original series, but set about 100 years later with a new crew and a new ship, also named the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'', specifically the U.S.S. ''Enterprise''-D. By this time, the Klingons were at peace with the Federation, and the crew included a Klingon security officer Worf, as well as various other non-human races.
Also on the crew was ''Data'', an android.

The Ferengi were introduced, and were initially meant to be villains. However, as the series went on, they became a more comical foe. The Cardassians, who would go on to play a major role in ''Deep Space Nine,'' became villains in the later years of the series. A major foe introduced with this series was the [[Borg]], a "collective" of [[drone]]s, beings from various races who were "assimilated" into the collective.
When encountering another spaceship, the Borg would often introduce themselves with the statement "''"We are the Borg. You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile!''". The "resistance is futile" phrase has since entered popular culture.

The omnipotent character "Q", with his fascination of Captain Picard and putting humanity on trial had an everlasting impact on the series. Q’s appearance in the 1994 series finale titled “All Good Things…” acted as the perfect bookend to the series, which began with “Encounter at Farpoint” in 1987.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard]]
*[[Jonathan Frakes]] as Commander William T. Riker
*[[LeVar Burton]] as Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge
*Michael Dorn as Lieuteanant Worf
*[[Gates McFadden]] as Dr. Beverly Crusher
*[[Marina Sirtis]] as Counselor Deanna Troi
*Brent Spiner as Lieuteant Commander Data
*Wil Wheaton as Ensign [[Wesley Crusher]] (Seasons 1-4)
*Denise Crosby as Lieuteant Tasha Yar (Season 1)

=== ''Deep Space Nine'' ===
''Deep Space Nine'' was the fourth Star Trek series and entered production in 1992. It was broadcast in first-run syndication from January 1993 until June 1999.
Unlike each of the other series, ''Deep Space Nine'' was set on a space station near the planet Bajor, about a year before ''Next Generation'' finished its run.
The station, originally built by the Cardassians, was administered by Starfleet and with a mixed Starfleet and Bajoran workforce.

The space station protected the only known stable [[wormhole]] through which ships could pass to another part of the galaxy.
The commanding officer at the rank of commander, rather than captain, for a significant portion of its early run is Benjamin Sisko, who was eventually promoted to captain in the 3rd season episode titled "The Adversary". Other Federation officers assigned were Science Officer Jadzia Dax, Chief Medical officer Julian Bashir.
Miles O'Brien, and later Worf, were two characters imported from TNG. Worf – a major character from TNG – played a large role on DS9.
One of the characters on the space station was a "shape-shifter" named Odo, a being that could assume any form as the chief of station security in the Bajoran Militia. The first officer was a non-starfleet officer in the Bajoran Militia named Kira
Several Next Generation characters also had recurring roles on the show, such as Keiko O'Brien and the Klingon Gowron.

The starship USS Defiant was introduced in season 3, but the station remained the primary setting of the series.

Cast

*Avery Brooks as Commander/Captain Benjamin Sisko
*Rene Auberjonois as Odo
*Nicole de Boer as Ensign/Lieutenant jg Ezri Dax (1998-1999)
*Michael Dorn as Lt. Commander Worf (1995-1999)
*Siddig El Fadil as Doctor Bashir
*Terry Farrell as Lieutenant/Lt. Commander Jadzia Dax (1993-1998)
*Cirroc Lofton as Jake Sisko
*Colm Meaney as Chief O'Brien
*Armin Shimerman as Quark
*Nana Visitor as Major/Colonel Kira

=== ''Voyager'' ===
''Voyager'' was the name of a Starfleet ship that became trapped in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant (with Earth being in the Alpha Quadrant), and the series revolved around the crew's attempts to return home, encountering many new races along the way.
The series was set around the same time as ''Deep Space 9''.

The Intrepid-class Federation starship USS Voyager was a ship built to return to Starfleet's founding principle of scientific exploration. Led by Captain Kathryn Janeway. On the ship's first mission while departing the space station Deep Space 9, which required it to find and capture a Maquis vessel that disappeared into the treacherous Badlands, the crew of Voyager, as well as that of the Maquis ship it was pursuing, were swept clear across the galaxy and deep into the Delta Quadrant. This was the doing of a powerful alien being known as the Caretaker. The seventy thousand light year transit cost the lives of over a dozen crew members including lieutenant commander Cavit, who was Kathryn Janeway's first officer on the newly-commissioned USS Voyager. After his death, Cavit was later replaced as first officer by Chakotay, who was granted the provisional rank of Commander, as a Maquis leader, even though he left Starfleet years earlier, having been stranded with his Maquis crew alongside Voyager in an uncharted part of the galaxy.

The part of the galaxy ''Voyager'' was trapped in was on the far side of the galaxy from which the Borg originated, and they needed to enter the Borg area to return home. For this reason, the Borg is an enemy they encounter numerous times. ''Voyager'' features the Borg more than either ''The Next Generation'' or ''Deep Space Nine'' had.
Additionally, one of the characters who joins the series part way through is "Seven of Nine" (born Annika Hansen), a former Borg drone, originally human, who is largely transformed back into a human, although retaining some of the Borg implants and struggling to adapt to human society, having been assimilated into the Borg at a young age. ''Voyager'' also featured a female captain, Kathryn Janeway.

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway
*Robert Beltran as Commander Chakotay
*Roxann Biggs-Dawson as Lieutenant B'Elanna Torres
*Jennifer Lien as Kes (Seasons 1-3)
*Robert Duncan McNeill as Lieutenant Tom Paris
*Ethan Phillips as Neelix
*Robert Picardo as The Doctor
*Tim Russ as Lieutenant Commander Tuvok
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine (Seasons 4-7)
*Garrett Wang as Ensign Harry Kim

=== ''Enterprise'' ===
[[Image:Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek Enterprise with Scott Bakula.jpg|thumb|300px|Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek: Enterprise as he poses with Scott Bakula in 2002]]
''Enterprise'' is set roughly a century prior to ''The Original Series'', at a time when the United Federation of Planets has not yet been formed, and when humans are first starting to travel well beyond Earth, and develop much of the technology that would be common-place in series set later. The mostly-human crew Under the command of United Earth Starfleet is led by Captain Archer, "Trip" Tucker, Reed, Mayweather, and communications officer Hoshi Sato, who travel in a ship also named ''Enterprise''. The other main crew members, not in Starfleet and not human are a Vulcan science officer named T'Pol and a Denobulan doctor named Phlox. The ship formally known as Enterprise NX-01 served a more diplomatic role in the service of United Earth, easing relations between the Vulcans, the Andorians, and the Tellarites, thereby also paving the way toward a Coalition of Planets, an alliance that would lead to the founding of the United Federation of Planets.

The 57th episode of the series in the 3rd season, titled “Exile”, directed by former ''Star Trek: Voyager'' series regular Roxann Dawson, First aired October 15, 2003. This was the first episode and remaining point in a Star Trek series to air in high definition format. Enterprise accomplished a number of technical firsts for a Star Trek series. The series was also the first to be produced in widescreen format.

As opposed to other series, ''Enterprise'' had a more rag-tag, blue collar feel to it. The best example of this can be seen in its theme song, ''Where My Heart Will Take Me'', by Russell Watson.

Cast

*Scott Bakula as Capt. Jonathan Archer
*John Billingsley as Dr. Phlox
*Jolene Blalock as Sub-Cmdr. T'Pol
*Dominic Keating as Lt. Malcolm Reed
*Anthony Montgomery as Ensign Travis Mayweather
*Linda Park as Ensign Hoshi Sato
*Connor Trinneer as Cmdr. Charles 'Trip' Tucker III

=== ''Discovery''===
''Discovery'' is set a decade before ''The Original Series''. It follows a war between the Klingons and the Federation. The crew of the USS Discovery investigate seven mysterious red signals spread across 30,000 lightyears. Michael Burnham herself set all seven red signals. The Red Angel suit was the centerpiece of the Section 31 Daedalus Project and is capable of a giant electromagnetic pulse. Time crystals used to fuel the suit proved hard to procure, but a young Section 31 operative named Leland learns that one such crystal was being sold on the black market near an Orion outpost and managed to steal it. The time crystal was brought to Doctari Alpha, where a scheduled nearby supernova would provide the energy for a test. With the suit on the verge of being tested, the Klingons attacked the outpost after tracking the crystal. The Burnhams, along with young Michael Burnham in 2236 stationed on the outpost by Leland, were believed killed in the attack, which was later described as a Klingon terror raid. Michael Burnham was then raised on Vulcan by Sarek and Amanda Grayson along with foster brothers Spock and Sybok and was the first Human to ever attend the Vulcan Learning Center.

The story of Discovery follows female 23rd century Human Starfleet officer Michael Burnham, Jr. As a commander, she served as the first officer aboard the USS Shenzhou in 2256 who is then stripped of rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for mutiny, but she gained a second chance when she was assigned to the USS Discovery as a specialist. In collaboration with Tilly and Paul Stamets, Burnham discovered the tardigrade's connection to the mycelial network, which enabled the full utilization of a spore drive in order to stop the Klingon attack on Corvan II.

Control, Section 31's threat assessment system relying on artificial intelligence would ultimately betray Starfleet and massacre the crew of Section 31 Headquarters later possessing Leland who tries to kill Burnham and her team. Control was finally dismantled and neutralized, and the USS Discovery traveled 930 years into the future to prevent it from reasserting itself.

Cast
*Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham
*Doug Jones as Saru
*Anthony Rapp as Paul Stamets
*Mary Wiseman as Sylvia Tilly
*Emily Coutts as Lt. Keyla Detmer
*Oyin Oladejo as Lt. Joann Owosekun
*Shazad Latif as Ash Tyler / Voq
*Patrick Kwok-Choon as Lt. Gen Rhys
*Ronnie Rowe as Lt. R.A. Bryce
*Sara Mitich as Airiam (Season 1) / Lt. Nilsson (Season 2)
*Wilson Cruz as Dr. Hugh Culber
*Michelle Yeoh as Philippa Georgiou / Philippa Georgiou (mirror universe)

===''Picard''===
''Picard'' is set in the year 2399, 20 years after the events of ''Star Trek Nemesis.'' Jean-Luc Picard, who had been promoted to Admiral in the years since ''Nemesis,'' is now retired and running his family's vineyard in France. However, when a young woman named Dahj Asha comes to ask for his help, he returns to Starfleet to ask for help, but doesn't get their suppport.

Picard finds reason to believe Dahj is connected to former android Data and feels compelled to help her, but while visiting Starfleet headquarters for support, she is killed by a mysterious force outside the facility.

On an abandoned Borg cube known as the Artifact, Soji Asha (an apparent twin sister of Dahj) works for a Borg Reclamation Project, which is an independent organization operating at this Romulan run Reclamation Site. It was overseen by an executive director, which in 2399 was Hugh, himself a former Borg drone, rescued by Picards Enterprise years ago in Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Without Starfleet's support, Picard is left to recruit a crew of his own: Human cyberneticist Dr. Agnes Jurati, who worked at the Daystrom Institute was recruited out of Starfleet by Bruce Maddox to aid him in his android research. Jurati subsequently appeared at Château Picard in the midst of an attack by Romulan assassins and joins Picard for his mission. Estranged former colleague Raffi Musiker, who once served in Starfleet under Admiral Jean-Luc Picard, helped formulate a new plan to evacuate Romulans from the Romulan supernova after the 2385 Attack on Mars destroyed the Romulan rescue armada pilot. Musiker described her life after Starfleet as "one long slide into humiliation and rage". By 2399, she lived alone in a small house at Vasquez Rocks [[California]] where Picard comes to recruit her for his misson. Cristóbal Rios, former Starfleet commander and first officer of the USS ibn Majid, is recruited by Picard after Picard learns that Rios had become acquainted with Raffi Musiker who says she knows this pilot with his own starship called the La Sirena. Rios, serving with his fully utilized Emergency Hologram basic installation, each of which was programmed in his own image agrees to Picard's terms to aid him in his search for Bruce Maddox.

The young Qowat Milat-trained martial artist Elnor, and a rescued Fenris Ranger Seven of Nine also join Picard and his team, aboard the civilian freighter La Sirena to track Bruce Maddox to Freecloud, believed to be key to finding and protecting Soji. Their fight to protect Soji takes them to the Artifact, Nepenthe, and Coppelius, where Picard and his crew come head to head with the mysterious forces threatening Soji and other forces threatening the galaxy.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard|Jean-Luc Picard]]
*Alison Pill as Dr. Agnes Jurati
*Isa Briones as Soji Asha/ Dahj Asha / Sutra
*Michelle Hurd as Raffi Musiker
*Santiago Cabrera as Cristóbal Rios
*Harry Treadaway as Narek
*Evan Evagora as Elnor
*Peyton List as Lieutenant Narissa Rizzo
*Tamlyn Tomita as Commodore Oh
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine

===''Lower Decks''===
''Lower Decks'' is the second series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', with episodes running half an hour. The show takes place aboard the California-class USS Cerritos on the "lower decks". The show's time period is described as the The Next Generation era, more specifically 2380, after Star Trek Nemesis. The series follows the support crew of Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford, and Tendi on the lower decks and their contributions, often comically, to help the the command crew of the second contact ship USS Cerritos.

The support crew serving on one of Starfleet's least important ships, the U.S.S. Cerritos, have to keep up with their duties, even when distracted by their endeavors to rarely go where no one has gone before. Yet often while the ship is being rocked by a multitude of sci-fi anomalies. Ensign Boimler, who is supposed to be on shore leave, is discovered by Ensign Mariner in a storage closet pretending to do a captains log when she tries to pry the PADD out of his hands to listen to it as an example of their friendship and uncharismatic moments as they grow as officers in Starfleet.

Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford and Tendi must keep up with their duties and their social lives. Often appearing with the bridge crew Mariner and Boimler are relief conn and operations station officers on the bridge with a Rutherford, and engineer dating a female trill named ensign Barnes who mans the operations station on the bridge. D'Vana Tendi is the one of the first prime universe Orion race starfleet junior officers. She's a medic on the roster under chief medical officer Dr. T'Ana. Tendi, who eventually moves on from her medical duties to senior science officer training.

The ship's bridge crew is secondary in focus for the first time in a Star Trek series and includes Captain Carol Freeman, first officer Commander Jack Ransom, security chief Lieutenant Shaxs, Doctor T'Ana and chief engineer Lieutenant Commander Andy Billups.

Cast
*Tawny Newsome as Ensign Beckett Mariner
*Jack Quaid as Ensign Brad Boimler
*Noël Wells as Ensign D'Vana Tendi
*Eugene Cordero as Ensign Samanthan "Sam" Rutherford
*Dawnn Lewis as Captain Carol Freeman
*Jerry O'Connell as Commander Jack Ransom
*Fred Tatasciore as Lieutenant Shaxs
*Gillian Vigman as Dr. T'Ana
*Paul Scheer as Lieutenant Commander Andy Billups

===''Prodigy''===
''Prodigy'' is the third series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', and ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'', with episodes running half an hour. ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' entered production in 2021. Star Trek: Prodigy premiered on October 28, 2021, with the first episode titled "Lost & Found" first on Paramount+, then broadcast on Nickelodeon.
Set in the Delta Quadrant of our galaxy, with a goal to make their way towards the Alpha Quadrant a motley crew of young aliens find an abandoned Starfleet ship, the U.S.S. Protostar; taking control of the ship, they must learn to work together. Over the course of their adventures together, the crew of young aliens including a Tellarite Jankom Pog, will each be introduced to Starfleet and the ideals it represents. Captain Janeway is the voice and avatar for the Prodigy series U.S.S. Protostar starship’s Emergency Training Hologram, to offer advice and monitor the ships lower level functions teaching the six alien kids about the ship they commandeer, knowledge about Starfleet, and the ethos of the United Federation of Planets.

Like Janeway from Star Trek:Voyager, Chakotay returns as Captain of his own vessel in Prodigy. Star Trek Voyager guest star Jason Alexander is apart of the main cast of Prodigy voicing Doctor Noum.

Cast

*Rylee Alazraqui as Rok-Tahk
*Jason Alexander as Doctor Noum
*Dee Bradley Baker as Murf
*Robert Beltran as Captain Chakotay
*Daveed Diggs as Commander Tysess
*Brett Gray as Dal
*Angus Imrie as Zero
*Jameela Jamil as Ensign Asencia
*Jason Mantzoukas as Jankom Pog
*Kate Mulgrew as Kathryn Janeway
*John Noble as Diviner
*Ella Purnell as Gwyn
*Jimmi Simpson as Drednok

===''Strange New Worlds''===
''Strange New Worlds'' will follow Captain Pike, Science Officer Spock, and Number One in the decade before Captain Kirk boarded the USS Enterprise, as they explore new worlds around the galaxy. With episodes running one hour, SNW will air on Paramount Plus streaming service.

Cast

*Anson Mount as Christopher Pike
*Ethan Peck as Spock
*Rebecca Romijn as Una, also known as Number One
*Jess Bush as Nurse Christine Chapel
*Celia Rose Gooding as Nyota Uhura
*Babs Olusanmokun as Dr. M'Benga
*Christina Chong as La'an Noonien-Singh
*Bruce Horak as Hemmer
*Melissa Navia as Erica Ortegas

== The Movies ==
[[Image:Ricardo Montalban as Khan behind the scenes unlicensed picture.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ricardo Montalban as Khan in [[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)]]]]
Twelve ''Star Trek'' movies have been produced. ''Star Trek I-VI'' follow the original cast after the events of the original series. ''Star Trek: Generations'' to ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' follow the cast of ''The Next Generation'' (although ''Generations'' featured William Shatner, James Doohan and Walter Koenig). A common trend for the first ten films is the even numbered films tend to be better received critically than the odd numbered films. However, ''Star Trek Nemesis'', the tenth film, was not well-received. ''Star Trek'', ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', and ''Star Trek Beyond'' act as reboots and prequels to the original series. The films are referred to as "The Kelvin Timeline."<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/27/bye-bye-abramsverse-alternate-star-trek-timeline-gets-official-name/</ref> They are also more action-oriented, and are said by many to be similar to ''Star Wars'' in that sense. They also act as sequels, as an older version of Spock appears in both films, coming from the year 2387, eight years after the events of ''Star Trek: Nemesis.''

{| class="wikitable"
!Movie Name || Date of Release || MPAA Rating
|-
|''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' || December 7, 1979 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' || June 4, 1982 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (film, 1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' || June 1, 1984 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' || November 26, 1986 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' || June 9, 1989 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' || December 6, 1991 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Generations'' || November 18, 1994 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: First Contact'' || November 22, 1996 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || December 11, 1998 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || December 13, 2002 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek'' || May 8, 2009 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Into Darkness'' || May 16, 2013 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond'' || July 22, 2016 || PG-13
|-
|}

== Extraterrestrial life ==
{{main|Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek}}

The drama of the shows typically arises from the crew's contact with various forms of [[extraterrestrial life]], mostly, but not always, [[humanoid]] (e.g. the "Crystalline Entity"). In various ways, the [[premise]] of the [[ancient astronaut theory]] is used to assert the seeding of [[life]] throughout the [[galaxy]] as brought up in ''The Next Generation'', although not to the overt extent of a later, unrelated, TV series, ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''.

== Religion in ''Star Trek'' ==
As a [[humanist]], Gene Roddenberry infused ''Star Trek'' with humanism's dream of a world (or galaxy in this case) where humanity (and many other intelligent beings) were constantly improving the life quality of all beings both through improving technology and improving societal conditions.
People worked together for the common good, rather than for money, and without any class or other distinctions.
This is a small part of what is expected in the Christian view of [[heaven]], except that humanism believes that mankind can achieve this through its own efforts, rather than with the help of God. In reality, however, God is needed for humanity to reach its full potential.

Roddenberry rarely had the shows overtly reject religion, although some episodes would make reference to it as a part of culture. For instance in an episode with a man who could not die, it was noted that in one of his personas in Earth history he had been [[Lazarus]] (who [[Jesus]] raised from the dead). In another episode, a virtual clone of Earth where the [[Roman Empire]] never fell was now chasing down followers of "the son" (which the crew mistook to be "sun") and their message of peace and love instead of violence and oppression.

Roddenberry's initial concept of ''Star Trek'' included a man with pointed ears, angles eyebrows, a tail, and red skin to be the captain's (Kirk's) second in command. This was an intentional imitation of the cultural depiction of Satan. However, others advised him to tone this down lest the Christian population be offended, and he did so. The result was Spock and all other Vulcans.

Later series, under the control of other producers particularly after Roddenberry died, also brought religious concepts into the show, but seldom with the same direct references to Christianity, but rather to more generic religious thought.

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
An episode of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' has one major example of anti-religion bias. The third-season episode entitled "Who Watches the Watchers," implies that an alien culture discarding religious beliefs is a positive development.
In the episode "Tapestry", Captain Picard dies and goes to the "afterlife" where he meets his erstwhile adversary "Q", who implies that he is God. Picard refuses to believe this, and makes a comment that "The Universe is not so badly run." However the majority of episodes remain silent on religion. In another episode where the ship is trapped and an alien will perform experiments that will kill up to half the crew, Picard discusses with "Data" (actually the alien in disguise) what happens after one dies and says some believe in a god who keeps them in their present form forever and others believe that this is all there is. When questioned further, he says that he finds the universe is too orderly to believe that this is all there is and thinks that we will go on existing in a reality that we cannot currently comprehend.<ref>Episode [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Where_Silence_Has_Lease Where Silence has Lease] on Memory-Alpha.</ref><ref>[http://tng.trekcore.com/episodes/scripts/128.txt Episode Script]</ref>

=== Bajoran religion ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' included religion more than any other series. An overarching theme of the series was the relation of the main character, Captain Benjamin Sisko, to the Bajoran religion in his role as the emissary to the Bajoran prophets. The prophets were beings who lived in a stable wormhole (a unique phenomenon in the ''Star Trek'' universe referred to by the Bajorans as the Celestial Temple) that perceived all of time as a single event with no concept of past, present, or future. Despite their immense dissimilarity to other races in the galaxy, the Prophets took unusual interest in Bajor, sending "orbs" which were used as tools of prophecy by the Bajoran clergy, and in Sisko who it is revealed exists solely to fulfill a predetermined historical path in an Armageddon-like showdown as the avatar of the prophets against the Pah Wraiths (aliens like the Prophets who were expelled from the Celestial Temple).

=== Other religions ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' also had the Dominion, in which the Founders (shape-shifting aliens sometimes called Changelings) are treated as living gods by the races under their control.

In ''Star Trek: Voyager'', the first officer (Commander Chakotay) repeatedly speaks of and engages in seeking guidance from his "spirit guide." He also introduces others to his pagan belief, including Captain Janeway. He is also able to speak with the dead, such as his father. In the series, this is shown as an interesting but harmless ability, although Christians recognize it to be a representation of demonic activity. As well as being interspersed with other themes in a variety of episodes, almost an entire episode was also dedicated to this religion.

The Klingon religion in various series suggests that the first Klingons realized they had no need for their gods, and killed them, although they still hold to an afterlife where the honorable dead join with the deified Kahless and the dishonorable dead are forced to spend eternity on the Barge of the Dead with the demon-like figure Fecklarr.

The Ferengi (mainly in ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'') had a religion of sorts based on the concept of The Great River (as shown in "Faith, Treachery and The Great River"), which was similar to "[[The invisible hand]]" a phrase coined by [[Adam Smith]]. Ferengi also hold that if they achieve enough profit during their lives, they will meet the Blessed Exchequer who will grant them access to the Divine Treasury, whereas an unsuccessful Ferengi may find himself left in the Vault of Eternal Destitution.

== Political themes ==
Producer Gene Roddenberry emphasized his "utopian vision" of humanity's future. Following this vision, humanity is considered to have achieved perfection in ''Star Trek''. This includes overcoming greed, hate, jealousy, as well as ethnic and national rivalries.<ref name=walker>Walker, J., [http://thiswastv.com/2012/08/29/same-as-it-ever-was-star-trek-after-gene-roddenberry/ Same As It Ever Was?: Star Trek After Gene Roddenberry], ''This Was Television''</ref> In the original series, this vision is illustrated by the use a Russian man and a black woman as regular minor characters (Chekov and Uhura). The Federation's charter, in fact, was a word-for-word copy of the United Nations charter, and by extension, the constitution for the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]].<ref>[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views</ref>

Negative characteristics are generally found only in alien races. In a typical episode, one alien race is trying to enslave another, and the ''Enterprise'' intervenes to restore balance. The principle of equality is thus applied universally, with the Declaration of Independence sometimes mentioned explicitly.<ref>"The Omega Glory", March 1, 1968. Watch Kirk read the Declaration of Independence [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3b56e0u0EgQ here]. It's with feeling; He is obviously an American.</ref> In these episodes, the Federation stands in for the United States, while the villain species stands in for Communists or Nazis.<ref name=Cantor>Cantor, Paul A., ''Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization'', p. 46.</ref> In other episodes, an alien species is used to comment on imperfections in contemporary America. One episode depicts a species divided into two races by skin color.<ref>“Let This Be Your Last Battlefield”, Jan. 10, 1969.</ref> For one race, the left side is white, and right side is black. For the other race, these colors are reversed.<ref name=Cantor/>

In the original series, the military nature of Starfleet combined with the need for adventure and dramatic conflict were sufficient to limit the influence of Roddenberry's left-wing views. These episodes were recorded prior to the feminist era, so gender relations are according to nature and tradition. The early seasons of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' suffered severely from the Roddenberry vision. For example, the character Q was used to parody God. Roddenberry's skeptical view of religion was detailed in several dialogs between Q and Picard.<ref name=walker /> As Roddenberry's health declined, Rick Berman's influence grew. He was promoted to executive producer during the third season of TNG. ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', a Berman creation, broke with the Roddenberry vision in several ways. It included various flawed human characters, and we learned that Starfleet has a secret agency called Section 31 that was responsible for various atrocities.<ref name=walker />

As the citizens of the Federation have access to goods in unlimited supply, it does not have a conventional economy. However, various characters are depicted as running small businesses such as vineyards or restaurants, presumably just for the fun of it.<ref>Yglesias, Matthew, “[http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/11/18/star_trek_economy_federation_is_only_mostly_post_scarcity.html The Star Trek Economy: (Mostly) Post-Scarcity (Mostly) Socialism]", ''Slate''. Nov. 18, 2013.</ref> On the issue of money, the show is inconsistent. Some episodes claim that the Federation has abolished money, others depict Federation citizens bartering for latinum, the Ferengi currency. The Ferengi are traders and businessmen and have an unfettered free market economy. Although it is never made clear what kind of economy the Federation itself has, the Ferengi and other races are depicted as envious of it.<ref>See e.g. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hdiuRMK3UQ this video].</ref>

== Relationship views ==
In addition to his views on religion and politics, Roddenberry had controversial views on relationships. A kiss between Kirk ([[William Shatner]]) and Uhura ([[Nichelle Nichols]]) was aired in 1968.<ref>“Plato’s Stepchildren,” Nov. 22, 1968.</ref> This is generally considered the first interracial kiss on American television, although Sammy Davis Jr. did give Nancy Sinatra a peck on the check almost a year earlier.<ref>''Movin' with Nancy'', Dec. 11, 1967.</ref><ref>Miss Cellania, "[http://www.neatorama.com/2013/04/10/TVs-First-Interracial-Kiss/#!rjF17 TV's First Interracial Kiss]”, ''Neatorama'', April 10, 2013.</ref> Picard and Lily had an interracial kiss in ''Star Trek: First Contact'' (1996), although this was only a brief goodbye kiss.

Roddenberry was also supportive of same-sex relationships, and wanted to integrate homosexual characters into his second series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', reasoning that by the 24th century "no one would care." According to his personal assistant, Ernie Over, "'''He had an agenda (see [[homosexual agenda]]), which was to get gay people onto 'Star Trek.'"'''<ref name=salon>https://www.salon.com/2001/06/30/gay_trek/</ref> However, this proposal was met with resistance by [[Paramount Television]], who reasoned that because the show would eventually be syndicated, it would be accessible to young children for whom such material would be extremely inappropriate. There are some hints of Roddenberry's in early episodes of ''TNG'', such as the notorious background extras wearing skirts.<ref>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/en/images/e/ee/Man_in_a_skant.jpg Here] is an image.</ref>

An early episode of ''TNG'', "Blood and Fire," was intended to be an allegory for AIDS and was to feature homosexual characters. It was never produced, but went on to be used in the fan-produced ''Star Trek: Phase II''.<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/09/11/tv-legends-revealed-star-trek-tng-wouldnt-air-episode-with-gay-crewmen/</ref> Roddenberry repeatedly promised to broach the issue in later seasons but never did before his death. Notably, Whoopi Goldberg attempted to use [[politically correct]], gender-neutral language when explaining sexuality but was rebuffed. She said, "This show is beyond that. It should be 'When two people are in love.'" And so it was decided on set that one of the tables in the background should have two men holding hands — or two women, or whatever. But someone ran to a phone and made a call to the Paramount production office and that was nixed. [Producer] David Livingston came down and made sure that didn't happen."<ref name=salon />

Despite the absence of major homosexual characters, several story lines have indirectly depicted homosexual and other relationships in a positive, or at the very least ambiguous light. For example, in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', Commander William Riker (presumed heterosexual from a previous relationship with Deanna Troi) falls in love with an individual from an androgynous race.<ref>''The Outcast'', originally aired Mar. 16, 1992.</ref>
In ''DS9'', Lieutenant Commander Jadzia Dax (a [[Trill]], a being comprising a humanoid host of a member of another, asexual, species) briefly resumes a relationship with a wife from a previous lifetime (a male host of the same symbiont), and they are shown kissing on screen.<ref>''Rejoined'', originally aired Oct. 30, 1995.</ref>

According to Ira Steven Behr, DS9's showrunner, "I know they got a lot of negative feedback, which only goes to prove a point I always believed in, which is that science fiction fans and '''''Star Trek'' fans are much more [[conservative]] than people want to believe, and this whole Gene Roddenberry [[liberal]] Humanistic vision is truly not shared by a significant portion of them.'''"<ref>''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - The Official Poster Magazine'', issue 5 (credit to Memory Alpha for finding the quote)</ref> As of 2013 with the release of ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' no openly gay characters have been featured and the [[liberal]] media consider this "a glaring double standard."<ref>https://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-lgbt-gay-characters/</ref> However, prior to 2016's ''Star Trek Beyond,'' it was revealed that Sulu will be gay. George Takei said that while he was glad that a gay character will be featured in the film, he felt the move interfered with Roddenberry's original vision.

== Pedophilia and hard-core Star Trek fans ==

Ellen Ladowsky wrote in ''Huffington Post'':
{{Cquote|The ''LA Times'' recently ran a story about the Child Exploitation Section of the Toronto Sex Crimes Unit, which contained a mind-boggling statistic: of the more than 100 offenders the unit has arrested over the last four years, "all but one" has been "a hard-core Trekkie." Blogger Ernest Miller thought this claim was improbable. "I could go to a science fiction convention," he explained "and be less likely to find that 99+ percent of the attendees were hard-core Trekkies." While there may be quibbling about the exact numbers, the Toronto detectives claim that the connection is undeniable.

In fact, Star Trek paraphernalia has so routinely been found at the homes of the pedophiles they've arrested that it has become a gruesome joke in the squad room. (On the wall, there is a Star Trek poster with the detectives' faces replacing those of the crew members). This does not mean that watching Star Trek makes you a pedophile. It does mean that if you're a pedophile, odds are you've watched a lot of Star Trek.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ellen-ladowsky/pedophilia-and-star-trek_b_5857.html Pedophilia and Star Trek fans]</ref>}}

== Institutions ==
The ''United Federation of Planets'' is the multi-world government based on [[Earth]], and under which auspices Starfleet operates.

''Starfleet'' is the exploratory and defensive organisation which operates the various starships.

The ''Academy'' is where Starfleet officers and crew are trained.

== Technology ==
The universe of ''Star Trek'' has an array of advanced technology, some of which has foreshadowed real developments.
This technology includes computer speech recognition, atom-level fabrication, massive energy production, and faster-than-light travel.

All Starfleet members from the time of ''The Next Generation'' on wear broach-size devices on their uniforms which allow instant two-way communication between crew-members or between the crew-member and the ship's computer.

The transporters, being developed at the time of ''Enterprise'', disassemble and reassemble inanimate and animate things, including people, allowing them to be transported over moderate distances. For example, transporters are frequently used to send people from a spaceship in orbit to the surface of a planet and return.

Replicators, introduced in ''The Next Generation'' use similar technology to fabricate inanimate objects from a molecular or atomic level. This includes spare parts for the ships. Specialized food replicators can fabricate a wide variety of food, which is suitable for everyday use, but can on occasions not be quite as good as the real thing.

Holodecks and holosuites (the latter on ''Deep Space Nine'') are rooms containing holoprojectors that project holographic images with solidity, allowing people to interact with the images. A computer controls the images, which includes holographic people who appear just like real people.
The ''Voyager'' series introduced an "emergency medical hologram", a holographic doctor which could be activated in the case of an emergency.
In this case, the ship's real doctor was killed, and the holographic doctor was a regular character, with enhanced abilities including being able to activate and deactivate himself.
He also managed to acquire a portable holographic projector that he could wear, allowing him to leave the confines of the ship's sick bay and its fixed holographic projectors.

Phasers are the classic "ray gun", emitting a beam that, depending on the setting, was capable of stunning or killing the person on the receiving end.

Tricorders were hand-held devices combining the functions of a computer, communicator, and laboratory for sensing and testing objects.
Specialized medical tricorders were also used by medical officers.

Warp drives allow spaceships to travel vast distances by creating a sub-space "bubble" around the ship, allowing faster-than-light travel, a necessity when travelling around the galaxy as part of a day's work.

== The Prime Directive ==
Starfleet had The Prime Directive, first introduced in ''Star Trek: The Original Series'', which said that its personnel should not interfere with the natural progression of a species. The directive sometimes clashed with morality or common sense and on many occasions was ignored by Starfleet officers. There was also a Temporal Prime Directive, introduced in ''Star Trek: Voyager'', which said that when going into the past (by various means) they should not try to alter the course of history. When someone from Starfleet (or elsewhere) violated the directive, officers were justified in working to stop them as long as they did not violate the directive themselves. The plot point of the Prime Directive was largely created as a response to the Vietnam War by Gene L. Coon, with the intended message being to denounce American involvement in the war.

== ''Star Trek'' in culture ==
[[image:284699main image 1204 946-710.jpg|thumb|Gene Roddenberry and original series cast members at the launch of the space shuttle ''Enterprise''.]]
Various concepts from Star Trek have entered popular culture, including the following:
* The [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Vulcan|Vulcan]] greeting, ''Live long and prosper''.
* The [[Borg]] warning that ''resistance is futile''.
* The [[Klingon]] language has been developed as a complete [[constructed language|artificial language]].
* The first [[space shuttle]], ''Enterprise'', was named for the ship in [[Star Trek (original series)|the original series]].

==See also==
* [[Charlie X]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/16/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-tarnished-jubilee-intro/ Star Trek: a tarnished jubilee (Intro)] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/17/editorial/entertainment/communism-star-trek-economy/ Communism: the Star Trek economy] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/19/editorial/entertainment/philosophy-theology-star-trek/ Philosophy and theology in Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/20/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-science-controversies/ Star Trek science controversies] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/21/editorial/entertainment/future-star-trek/ Future in, and of, Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views

The author of these articles has republished them to Conservapedia in essay form, as follows:

*Essay 1: [[Essay:Star Trek: A Tarnished Jubilee|''Star Trek'': A Tarnished Jubilee]]
*Essay 2: [[Essay:Communism: the Star Trek economy|Communism: the ''Star Trek'' economy]]
*Essay 3: [[Essay:Articles of Federation|Articles of Federation]]
*Essay 4: [[Essay:Philosophy and Theology in Star Trek|Philosophy and theology in ''Star Trek'']]
*Essay 5: [[Essay:Star Trek Science Controversies|Scientific controversies]]
*Essay 6: [[Essay:Future in and of Star Trek|The future in, and of, ''Star Trek'']]

[[Category:Star Trek| ]]

Star Trek franchise

2021-10-16T00:04:59Z

Technotronical: /* The Next Generation */ linked Marina Sirtis new page

''This article is an overview of all the Star Trek productions. For the original television series, see [[Star Trek: The Original Series]]''
[[Image:startrektoscast.jpg|thumb|right|The crew of the Enterprise from the original 1960s show.]]
The '''''Star Trek'' franchise''' began with ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'', a television series produced by [[Gene Roddenberry]] (1966–69), and includes four other TV series and several movies.
These [[television]] series and [[movie]]s are set in a science fantasy future when mankind is exploring the [[galaxy]] in spaceships and encountering other sentient inhabitants of the galaxy.

''Star Trek'' has a large following among fans (known as "Trekkies"), with books, magazines, websites, and conventions.

== The series ==

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
! Series name || Original air dates || Number of episodes
|-
| ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'' (TOS) || 1966-1969 || style="text-align:right" | 80  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' (TAS) || 1973-1974 || style="text-align:right" | 22  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (TNG) || 1987-1994 || style="text-align:right" | 178  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' (DS9) || 1993-1999 || style="text-align:right" | 176  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Voyager'' (VOY) || 1995-2001 || style="text-align:right" | 172  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' (ENT) || 2001-2005 || style="text-align:right" | 98  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Discovery'' (DSC) || 2017-present || style="text-align:right" | 53  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Short Treks'' (ST) || 2018-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Picard'' (PIC) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 20+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'' (LD) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 30  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' (PRO) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Strange New Worlds'' (SNW) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|}

Eight live-action series have been made or announced, plus three animated series. Additionally there are three Star Trek companion series which include: ''After Trek'', ''Star Trek: Short Treks'', and ''The Ready Room''.

=== ''The Original Series'' ===
{{main|Star Trek: The Original Series}}

The [[Star Trek: The Original Series|original series]] has the mostly-[[human]] crew of the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' exploring the galaxy and performing various missions for ''Starfleet'', the authority which controls the ship.
These missions may be diplomatic or defensive, particularly in connection with the hostile races, the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Klingon|Klingon]]s and the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Romulan|Romulan]]s. Joined by Mr. Spock (half-Vulcan- and half-Human) and Dr. McCoy, Capt. James T. Kirk leads the crew of the USS Enterprise on an intergalactic search for new worlds and new civilizations.

Cast
*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura]]

Notable episodes from ''Star Trek: TOS''
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
''The Next Generation'' followed the theme of the original series, but set about 100 years later with a new crew and a new ship, also named the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'', specifically the U.S.S. ''Enterprise''-D. By this time, the Klingons were at peace with the Federation, and the crew included a Klingon security officer Worf, as well as various other non-human races.
Also on the crew was ''Data'', an android.

The Ferengi were introduced, and were initially meant to be villains. However, as the series went on, they became a more comical foe. The Cardassians, who would go on to play a major role in ''Deep Space Nine,'' became villains in the later years of the series. A major foe introduced with this series was the [[Borg]], a "collective" of [[drone]]s, beings from various races who were "assimilated" into the collective.
When encountering another spaceship, the Borg would often introduce themselves with the statement "''"We are the Borg. You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile!''". The "resistance is futile" phrase has since entered popular culture.

The omnipotent character "Q", with his fascination of Captain Picard and putting humanity on trial had an everlasting impact on the series. Q’s appearance in the 1994 series finale titled “All Good Things…” acted as the perfect bookend to the series, which began with “Encounter at Farpoint” in 1987.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard]]
*[[Jonathan Frakes]] as Commander William T. Riker
*[[LeVar Burton]] as Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge
*Michael Dorn as Lieuteanant Worf
*[[Gates McFadden]] as Dr. Beverly Crusher
*[[Marina Sirtis]] as Counselor Deanna Troi
*Brent Spiner as Lieuteant Commander Data
*Wil Wheaton as Ensign [[Wesley Crusher]] (Seasons 1-4)
*Denise Crosby as Lieuteant Tasha Yar (Season 1)

=== ''Deep Space Nine'' ===
''Deep Space Nine'' was the fourth Star Trek series and entered production in 1992. It was broadcast in first-run syndication from January 1993 until June 1999.
Unlike each of the other series, ''Deep Space Nine'' was set on a space station near the planet Bajor, about a year before ''Next Generation'' finished its run.
The station, originally built by the Cardassians, was administered by Starfleet and with a mixed Starfleet and Bajoran workforce.

The space station protected the only known stable [[wormhole]] through which ships could pass to another part of the galaxy.
The commanding officer at the rank of commander, rather than captain, for a significant portion of its early run is Benjamin Sisko, who was eventually promoted to captain in the 3rd season episode titled "The Adversary". Other Federation officers assigned were Science Officer Jadzia Dax, Chief Medical officer Julian Bashir.
Miles O'Brien, and later Worf, were two characters imported from TNG. Worf – a major character from TNG – played a large role on DS9.
One of the characters on the space station was a "shape-shifter" named Odo, a being that could assume any form as the chief of station security in the Bajoran Militia. The first officer was a non-starfleet officer in the Bajoran Militia named Kira
Several Next Generation characters also had recurring roles on the show, such as Keiko O'Brien and the Klingon Gowron.

The starship USS Defiant was introduced in season 3, but the station remained the primary setting of the series.

Cast

*Avery Brooks as Commander/Captain Benjamin Sisko
*Rene Auberjonois as Odo
*Nicole de Boer as Ensign/Lieutenant jg Ezri Dax (1998-1999)
*Michael Dorn as Lt. Commander Worf (1995-1999)
*Siddig El Fadil as Doctor Bashir
*Terry Farrell as Lieutenant/Lt. Commander Jadzia Dax (1993-1998)
*Cirroc Lofton as Jake Sisko
*Colm Meaney as Chief O'Brien
*Armin Shimerman as Quark
*Nana Visitor as Major/Colonel Kira

=== ''Voyager'' ===
''Voyager'' was the name of a Starfleet ship that became trapped in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant (with Earth being in the Alpha Quadrant), and the series revolved around the crew's attempts to return home, encountering many new races along the way.
The series was set around the same time as ''Deep Space 9''.

The Intrepid-class Federation starship USS Voyager was a ship built to return to Starfleet's founding principle of scientific exploration. Led by Captain Kathryn Janeway. On the ship's first mission while departing the space station Deep Space 9, which required it to find and capture a Maquis vessel that disappeared into the treacherous Badlands, the crew of Voyager, as well as that of the Maquis ship it was pursuing, were swept clear across the galaxy and deep into the Delta Quadrant. This was the doing of a powerful alien being known as the Caretaker. The seventy thousand light year transit cost the lives of over a dozen crew members including lieutenant commander Cavit, who was Kathryn Janeway's first officer on the newly-commissioned USS Voyager. After his death, Cavit was later replaced as first officer by Chakotay, who was granted the provisional rank of Commander, as a Maquis leader, even though he left Starfleet years earlier, having been stranded with his Maquis crew alongside Voyager in an uncharted part of the galaxy.

The part of the galaxy ''Voyager'' was trapped in was on the far side of the galaxy from which the Borg originated, and they needed to enter the Borg area to return home. For this reason, the Borg is an enemy they encounter numerous times. ''Voyager'' features the Borg more than either ''The Next Generation'' or ''Deep Space Nine'' had.
Additionally, one of the characters who joins the series part way through is "Seven of Nine" (born Annika Hansen), a former Borg drone, originally human, who is largely transformed back into a human, although retaining some of the Borg implants and struggling to adapt to human society, having been assimilated into the Borg at a young age. ''Voyager'' also featured a female captain, Kathryn Janeway.

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway
*Robert Beltran as Commander Chakotay
*Roxann Biggs-Dawson as Lieutenant B'Elanna Torres
*Jennifer Lien as Kes (Seasons 1-3)
*Robert Duncan McNeill as Lieutenant Tom Paris
*Ethan Phillips as Neelix
*Robert Picardo as The Doctor
*Tim Russ as Lieutenant Commander Tuvok
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine (Seasons 4-7)
*Garrett Wang as Ensign Harry Kim

=== ''Enterprise'' ===
[[Image:Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek Enterprise with Scott Bakula.jpg|thumb|300px|Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek: Enterprise as he poses with Scott Bakula in 2002]]
''Enterprise'' is set roughly a century prior to ''The Original Series'', at a time when the United Federation of Planets has not yet been formed, and when humans are first starting to travel well beyond Earth, and develop much of the technology that would be common-place in series set later. The mostly-human crew Under the command of United Earth Starfleet is led by Captain Archer, "Trip" Tucker, Reed, Mayweather, and communications officer Hoshi Sato, who travel in a ship also named ''Enterprise''. The other main crew members, not in Starfleet and not human are a Vulcan science officer named T'Pol and a Denobulan doctor named Phlox. The ship formally known as Enterprise NX-01 served a more diplomatic role in the service of United Earth, easing relations between the Vulcans, the Andorians, and the Tellarites, thereby also paving the way toward a Coalition of Planets, an alliance that would lead to the founding of the United Federation of Planets.

The 57th episode of the series in the 3rd season, titled “Exile”, directed by former ''Star Trek: Voyager'' series regular Roxann Dawson, First aired October 15, 2003. This was the first episode and remaining point in a Star Trek series to air in high definition format. Enterprise accomplished a number of technical firsts for a Star Trek series. The series was also the first to be produced in widescreen format.

As opposed to other series, ''Enterprise'' had a more rag-tag, blue collar feel to it. The best example of this can be seen in its theme song, ''Where My Heart Will Take Me'', by Russell Watson.

Cast

*Scott Bakula as Capt. Jonathan Archer
*John Billingsley as Dr. Phlox
*Jolene Blalock as Sub-Cmdr. T'Pol
*Dominic Keating as Lt. Malcolm Reed
*Anthony Montgomery as Ensign Travis Mayweather
*Linda Park as Ensign Hoshi Sato
*Connor Trinneer as Cmdr. Charles 'Trip' Tucker III

=== ''Discovery''===
''Discovery'' is set a decade before ''The Original Series''. It follows a war between the Klingons and the Federation. The crew of the USS Discovery investigate seven mysterious red signals spread across 30,000 lightyears. Michael Burnham herself set all seven red signals. The Red Angel suit was the centerpiece of the Section 31 Daedalus Project and is capable of a giant electromagnetic pulse. Time crystals used to fuel the suit proved hard to procure, but a young Section 31 operative named Leland learns that one such crystal was being sold on the black market near an Orion outpost and managed to steal it. The time crystal was brought to Doctari Alpha, where a scheduled nearby supernova would provide the energy for a test. With the suit on the verge of being tested, the Klingons attacked the outpost after tracking the crystal. The Burnhams, along with young Michael Burnham in 2236 stationed on the outpost by Leland, were believed killed in the attack, which was later described as a Klingon terror raid. Michael Burnham was then raised on Vulcan by Sarek and Amanda Grayson along with foster brothers Spock and Sybok and was the first Human to ever attend the Vulcan Learning Center.

The story of Discovery follows female 23rd century Human Starfleet officer Michael Burnham, Jr. As a commander, she served as the first officer aboard the USS Shenzhou in 2256 who is then stripped of rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for mutiny, but she gained a second chance when she was assigned to the USS Discovery as a specialist. In collaboration with Tilly and Paul Stamets, Burnham discovered the tardigrade's connection to the mycelial network, which enabled the full utilization of a spore drive in order to stop the Klingon attack on Corvan II.

Control, Section 31's threat assessment system relying on artificial intelligence would ultimately betray Starfleet and massacre the crew of Section 31 Headquarters later possessing Leland who tries to kill Burnham and her team. Control was finally dismantled and neutralized, and the USS Discovery traveled 930 years into the future to prevent it from reasserting itself.

Cast
*Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham
*Doug Jones as Saru
*Anthony Rapp as Paul Stamets
*Mary Wiseman as Sylvia Tilly
*Emily Coutts as Lt. Keyla Detmer
*Oyin Oladejo as Lt. Joann Owosekun
*Shazad Latif as Ash Tyler / Voq
*Patrick Kwok-Choon as Lt. Gen Rhys
*Ronnie Rowe as Lt. R.A. Bryce
*Sara Mitich as Airiam (Season 1) / Lt. Nilsson (Season 2)
*Wilson Cruz as Dr. Hugh Culber
*Michelle Yeoh as Philippa Georgiou / Philippa Georgiou (mirror universe)

===''Picard''===
''Picard'' is set in the year 2399, 20 years after the events of ''Star Trek Nemesis.'' Jean-Luc Picard, who had been promoted to Admiral in the years since ''Nemesis,'' is now retired and running his family's vineyard in France. However, when a young woman named Dahj Asha comes to ask for his help, he returns to Starfleet to ask for help, but doesn't get their suppport.

Picard finds reason to believe Dahj is connected to former android Data and feels compelled to help her, but while visiting Starfleet headquarters for support, she is killed by a mysterious force outside the facility.

On an abandoned Borg cube known as the Artifact, Soji Asha (an apparent twin sister of Dahj) works for a Borg Reclamation Project, which is an independent organization operating at this Romulan run Reclamation Site. It was overseen by an executive director, which in 2399 was Hugh, himself a former Borg drone, rescued by Picards Enterprise years ago in Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Without Starfleet's support, Picard is left to recruit a crew of his own: Human cyberneticist Dr. Agnes Jurati, who worked at the Daystrom Institute was recruited out of Starfleet by Bruce Maddox to aid him in his android research. Jurati subsequently appeared at Château Picard in the midst of an attack by Romulan assassins and joins Picard for his mission. Estranged former colleague Raffi Musiker, who once served in Starfleet under Admiral Jean-Luc Picard, helped formulate a new plan to evacuate Romulans from the Romulan supernova after the 2385 Attack on Mars destroyed the Romulan rescue armada pilot. Musiker described her life after Starfleet as "one long slide into humiliation and rage". By 2399, she lived alone in a small house at Vasquez Rocks [[California]] where Picard comes to recruit her for his misson. Cristóbal Rios, former Starfleet commander and first officer of the USS ibn Majid, is recruited by Picard after Picard learns that Rios had become acquainted with Raffi Musiker who says she knows this pilot with his own starship called the La Sirena. Rios, serving with his fully utilized Emergency Hologram basic installation, each of which was programmed in his own image agrees to Picard's terms to aid him in his search for Bruce Maddox.

The young Qowat Milat-trained martial artist Elnor, and a rescued Fenris Ranger Seven of Nine also join Picard and his team, aboard the civilian freighter La Sirena to track Bruce Maddox to Freecloud, believed to be key to finding and protecting Soji. Their fight to protect Soji takes them to the Artifact, Nepenthe, and Coppelius, where Picard and his crew come head to head with the mysterious forces threatening Soji and other forces threatening the galaxy.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard|Jean-Luc Picard]]
*Alison Pill as Dr. Agnes Jurati
*Isa Briones as Soji Asha/ Dahj Asha / Sutra
*Michelle Hurd as Raffi Musiker
*Santiago Cabrera as Cristóbal Rios
*Harry Treadaway as Narek
*Evan Evagora as Elnor
*Peyton List as Lieutenant Narissa Rizzo
*Tamlyn Tomita as Commodore Oh
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine

===''Lower Decks''===
''Lower Decks'' is the second series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', with episodes running half an hour. The show takes place aboard the California-class USS Cerritos on the "lower decks". The show's time period is described as the The Next Generation era, more specifically 2380, after Star Trek Nemesis. The series follows the support crew of Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford, and Tendi on the lower decks and their contributions, often comically, to help the the command crew of the USS Cerritos.

The support crew serving on one of Starfleet's least important ships, the U.S.S. Cerritos, have to keep up with their duties, even when distracted by their endeavors to rarely go where no one has gone before. Yet often while the ship is being rocked by a multitude of sci-fi anomalies. Ensign Boimler, who is supposed to be on shore leave, is discovered by Ensign Mariner in a storage closet pretending to do a captains log when she tries to pry the PADD out of his hands to listen to it as an example of their friendship and uncharismatic moments as they grow as officers in Starfleet.

Cast
*Tawny Newsome as Ensign Beckett Mariner
*Jack Quaid as Ensign Brad Boimler
*Noël Wells as Ensign D'Vana Tendi
*Eugene Cordero as Ensign Samanthan "Sam" Rutherford
*Dawnn Lewis as Captain Carol Freeman
*Jerry O'Connell as Commander Jack Ransom
*Fred Tatasciore as Lieutenant Shaxs (Season 1)
*Gillian Vigman as Dr. T'Ana

===''Prodigy''===
''Prodigy'' is the third series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', and ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'', with episodes running half an hour. ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' will air on Nickelodeon in 2021 and focus on a group of lawless teenage characters finding a derelict Starfleet ship which they use to "search for adventure, meaning and salvation".

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway

===''Strange New Worlds''===
''Strange New Worlds'' will follow Captain Pike, Science Officer Spock, and Number One in the decade before Captain Kirk boarded the USS Enterprise, as they explore new worlds around the galaxy. With episodes running one hour, SNW will air on Paramount Plus streaming service.

Cast

*Anson Mount as Christopher Pike
*Ethan Peck as Spock
*Rebecca Romijn as Una, also known as Number One

== The Movies ==
[[Image:Ricardo Montalban as Khan behind the scenes unlicensed picture.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ricardo Montalban as Khan in [[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)]]]]
Twelve ''Star Trek'' movies have been produced. ''Star Trek I-VI'' follow the original cast after the events of the original series. ''Star Trek: Generations'' to ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' follow the cast of ''The Next Generation'' (although ''Generations'' featured William Shatner, James Doohan and Walter Koenig). A common trend for the first ten films is the even numbered films tend to be better received critically than the odd numbered films. However, ''Star Trek Nemesis'', the tenth film, was not well-received. ''Star Trek'', ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', and ''Star Trek Beyond'' act as reboots and prequels to the original series. The films are referred to as "The Kelvin Timeline."<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/27/bye-bye-abramsverse-alternate-star-trek-timeline-gets-official-name/</ref> They are also more action-oriented, and are said by many to be similar to ''Star Wars'' in that sense. They also act as sequels, as an older version of Spock appears in both films, coming from the year 2387, eight years after the events of ''Star Trek: Nemesis.''

{| class="wikitable"
!Movie Name || Date of Release || MPAA Rating
|-
|''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' || December 7, 1979 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' || June 4, 1982 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (film, 1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' || June 1, 1984 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' || November 26, 1986 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' || June 9, 1989 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' || December 6, 1991 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Generations'' || November 18, 1994 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: First Contact'' || November 22, 1996 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || December 11, 1998 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || December 13, 2002 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek'' || May 8, 2009 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Into Darkness'' || May 16, 2013 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond'' || July 22, 2016 || PG-13
|-
|}

== Extraterrestrial life ==
{{main|Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek}}

The drama of the shows typically arises from the crew's contact with various forms of [[extraterrestrial life]], mostly, but not always, [[humanoid]] (e.g. the "Crystalline Entity"). In various ways, the [[premise]] of the [[ancient astronaut theory]] is used to assert the seeding of [[life]] throughout the [[galaxy]] as brought up in ''The Next Generation'', although not to the overt extent of a later, unrelated, TV series, ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''.

== Religion in ''Star Trek'' ==
As a [[humanist]], Gene Roddenberry infused ''Star Trek'' with humanism's dream of a world (or galaxy in this case) where humanity (and many other intelligent beings) were constantly improving the life quality of all beings both through improving technology and improving societal conditions.
People worked together for the common good, rather than for money, and without any class or other distinctions.
This is a small part of what is expected in the Christian view of [[heaven]], except that humanism believes that mankind can achieve this through its own efforts, rather than with the help of God. In reality, however, God is needed for humanity to reach its full potential.

Roddenberry rarely had the shows overtly reject religion, although some episodes would make reference to it as a part of culture. For instance in an episode with a man who could not die, it was noted that in one of his personas in Earth history he had been [[Lazarus]] (who [[Jesus]] raised from the dead). In another episode, a virtual clone of Earth where the [[Roman Empire]] never fell was now chasing down followers of "the son" (which the crew mistook to be "sun") and their message of peace and love instead of violence and oppression.

Roddenberry's initial concept of ''Star Trek'' included a man with pointed ears, angles eyebrows, a tail, and red skin to be the captain's (Kirk's) second in command. This was an intentional imitation of the cultural depiction of Satan. However, others advised him to tone this down lest the Christian population be offended, and he did so. The result was Spock and all other Vulcans.

Later series, under the control of other producers particularly after Roddenberry died, also brought religious concepts into the show, but seldom with the same direct references to Christianity, but rather to more generic religious thought.

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
An episode of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' has one major example of anti-religion bias. The third-season episode entitled "Who Watches the Watchers," implies that an alien culture discarding religious beliefs is a positive development.
In the episode "Tapestry", Captain Picard dies and goes to the "afterlife" where he meets his erstwhile adversary "Q", who implies that he is God. Picard refuses to believe this, and makes a comment that "The Universe is not so badly run." However the majority of episodes remain silent on religion. In another episode where the ship is trapped and an alien will perform experiments that will kill up to half the crew, Picard discusses with "Data" (actually the alien in disguise) what happens after one dies and says some believe in a god who keeps them in their present form forever and others believe that this is all there is. When questioned further, he says that he finds the universe is too orderly to believe that this is all there is and thinks that we will go on existing in a reality that we cannot currently comprehend.<ref>Episode [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Where_Silence_Has_Lease Where Silence has Lease] on Memory-Alpha.</ref><ref>[http://tng.trekcore.com/episodes/scripts/128.txt Episode Script]</ref>

=== Bajoran religion ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' included religion more than any other series. An overarching theme of the series was the relation of the main character, Captain Benjamin Sisko, to the Bajoran religion in his role as the emissary to the Bajoran prophets. The prophets were beings who lived in a stable wormhole (a unique phenomenon in the ''Star Trek'' universe referred to by the Bajorans as the Celestial Temple) that perceived all of time as a single event with no concept of past, present, or future. Despite their immense dissimilarity to other races in the galaxy, the Prophets took unusual interest in Bajor, sending "orbs" which were used as tools of prophecy by the Bajoran clergy, and in Sisko who it is revealed exists solely to fulfill a predetermined historical path in an Armageddon-like showdown as the avatar of the prophets against the Pah Wraiths (aliens like the Prophets who were expelled from the Celestial Temple).

=== Other religions ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' also had the Dominion, in which the Founders (shape-shifting aliens sometimes called Changelings) are treated as living gods by the races under their control.

In ''Star Trek: Voyager'', the first officer (Commander Chakotay) repeatedly speaks of and engages in seeking guidance from his "spirit guide." He also introduces others to his pagan belief, including Captain Janeway. He is also able to speak with the dead, such as his father. In the series, this is shown as an interesting but harmless ability, although Christians recognize it to be a representation of demonic activity. As well as being interspersed with other themes in a variety of episodes, almost an entire episode was also dedicated to this religion.

The Klingon religion in various series suggests that the first Klingons realized they had no need for their gods, and killed them, although they still hold to an afterlife where the honorable dead join with the deified Kahless and the dishonorable dead are forced to spend eternity on the Barge of the Dead with the demon-like figure Fecklarr.

The Ferengi (mainly in ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'') had a religion of sorts based on the concept of The Great River (as shown in "Faith, Treachery and The Great River"), which was similar to "[[The invisible hand]]" a phrase coined by [[Adam Smith]]. Ferengi also hold that if they achieve enough profit during their lives, they will meet the Blessed Exchequer who will grant them access to the Divine Treasury, whereas an unsuccessful Ferengi may find himself left in the Vault of Eternal Destitution.

== Political themes ==
Producer Gene Roddenberry emphasized his "utopian vision" of humanity's future. Following this vision, humanity is considered to have achieved perfection in ''Star Trek''. This includes overcoming greed, hate, jealousy, as well as ethnic and national rivalries.<ref name=walker>Walker, J., [http://thiswastv.com/2012/08/29/same-as-it-ever-was-star-trek-after-gene-roddenberry/ Same As It Ever Was?: Star Trek After Gene Roddenberry], ''This Was Television''</ref> In the original series, this vision is illustrated by the use a Russian man and a black woman as regular minor characters (Chekov and Uhura). The Federation's charter, in fact, was a word-for-word copy of the United Nations charter, and by extension, the constitution for the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]].<ref>[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views</ref>

Negative characteristics are generally found only in alien races. In a typical episode, one alien race is trying to enslave another, and the ''Enterprise'' intervenes to restore balance. The principle of equality is thus applied universally, with the Declaration of Independence sometimes mentioned explicitly.<ref>"The Omega Glory", March 1, 1968. Watch Kirk read the Declaration of Independence [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3b56e0u0EgQ here]. It's with feeling; He is obviously an American.</ref> In these episodes, the Federation stands in for the United States, while the villain species stands in for Communists or Nazis.<ref name=Cantor>Cantor, Paul A., ''Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization'', p. 46.</ref> In other episodes, an alien species is used to comment on imperfections in contemporary America. One episode depicts a species divided into two races by skin color.<ref>“Let This Be Your Last Battlefield”, Jan. 10, 1969.</ref> For one race, the left side is white, and right side is black. For the other race, these colors are reversed.<ref name=Cantor/>

In the original series, the military nature of Starfleet combined with the need for adventure and dramatic conflict were sufficient to limit the influence of Roddenberry's left-wing views. These episodes were recorded prior to the feminist era, so gender relations are according to nature and tradition. The early seasons of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' suffered severely from the Roddenberry vision. For example, the character Q was used to parody God. Roddenberry's skeptical view of religion was detailed in several dialogs between Q and Picard.<ref name=walker /> As Roddenberry's health declined, Rick Berman's influence grew. He was promoted to executive producer during the third season of TNG. ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', a Berman creation, broke with the Roddenberry vision in several ways. It included various flawed human characters, and we learned that Starfleet has a secret agency called Section 31 that was responsible for various atrocities.<ref name=walker />

As the citizens of the Federation have access to goods in unlimited supply, it does not have a conventional economy. However, various characters are depicted as running small businesses such as vineyards or restaurants, presumably just for the fun of it.<ref>Yglesias, Matthew, “[http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/11/18/star_trek_economy_federation_is_only_mostly_post_scarcity.html The Star Trek Economy: (Mostly) Post-Scarcity (Mostly) Socialism]", ''Slate''. Nov. 18, 2013.</ref> On the issue of money, the show is inconsistent. Some episodes claim that the Federation has abolished money, others depict Federation citizens bartering for latinum, the Ferengi currency. The Ferengi are traders and businessmen and have an unfettered free market economy. Although it is never made clear what kind of economy the Federation itself has, the Ferengi and other races are depicted as envious of it.<ref>See e.g. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hdiuRMK3UQ this video].</ref>

== Relationship views ==
In addition to his views on religion and politics, Roddenberry had controversial views on relationships. A kiss between Kirk ([[William Shatner]]) and Uhura ([[Nichelle Nichols]]) was aired in 1968.<ref>“Plato’s Stepchildren,” Nov. 22, 1968.</ref> This is generally considered the first interracial kiss on American television, although Sammy Davis Jr. did give Nancy Sinatra a peck on the check almost a year earlier.<ref>''Movin' with Nancy'', Dec. 11, 1967.</ref><ref>Miss Cellania, "[http://www.neatorama.com/2013/04/10/TVs-First-Interracial-Kiss/#!rjF17 TV's First Interracial Kiss]”, ''Neatorama'', April 10, 2013.</ref> Picard and Lily had an interracial kiss in ''Star Trek: First Contact'' (1996), although this was only a brief goodbye kiss.

Roddenberry was also supportive of same-sex relationships, and wanted to integrate homosexual characters into his second series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', reasoning that by the 24th century "no one would care." According to his personal assistant, Ernie Over, "'''He had an agenda (see [[homosexual agenda]]), which was to get gay people onto 'Star Trek.'"'''<ref name=salon>https://www.salon.com/2001/06/30/gay_trek/</ref> However, this proposal was met with resistance by [[Paramount Television]], who reasoned that because the show would eventually be syndicated, it would be accessible to young children for whom such material would be extremely inappropriate. There are some hints of Roddenberry's in early episodes of ''TNG'', such as the notorious background extras wearing skirts.<ref>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/en/images/e/ee/Man_in_a_skant.jpg Here] is an image.</ref>

An early episode of ''TNG'', "Blood and Fire," was intended to be an allegory for AIDS and was to feature homosexual characters. It was never produced, but went on to be used in the fan-produced ''Star Trek: Phase II''.<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/09/11/tv-legends-revealed-star-trek-tng-wouldnt-air-episode-with-gay-crewmen/</ref> Roddenberry repeatedly promised to broach the issue in later seasons but never did before his death. Notably, Whoopi Goldberg attempted to use [[politically correct]], gender-neutral language when explaining sexuality but was rebuffed. She said, "This show is beyond that. It should be 'When two people are in love.'" And so it was decided on set that one of the tables in the background should have two men holding hands — or two women, or whatever. But someone ran to a phone and made a call to the Paramount production office and that was nixed. [Producer] David Livingston came down and made sure that didn't happen."<ref name=salon />

Despite the absence of major homosexual characters, several story lines have indirectly depicted homosexual and other relationships in a positive, or at the very least ambiguous light. For example, in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', Commander William Riker (presumed heterosexual from a previous relationship with Deanna Troi) falls in love with an individual from an androgynous race.<ref>''The Outcast'', originally aired Mar. 16, 1992.</ref>
In ''DS9'', Lieutenant Commander Jadzia Dax (a [[Trill]], a being comprising a humanoid host of a member of another, asexual, species) briefly resumes a relationship with a wife from a previous lifetime (a male host of the same symbiont), and they are shown kissing on screen.<ref>''Rejoined'', originally aired Oct. 30, 1995.</ref>

According to Ira Steven Behr, DS9's showrunner, "I know they got a lot of negative feedback, which only goes to prove a point I always believed in, which is that science fiction fans and '''''Star Trek'' fans are much more [[conservative]] than people want to believe, and this whole Gene Roddenberry [[liberal]] Humanistic vision is truly not shared by a significant portion of them.'''"<ref>''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - The Official Poster Magazine'', issue 5 (credit to Memory Alpha for finding the quote)</ref> As of 2013 with the release of ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' no openly gay characters have been featured and the [[liberal]] media consider this "a glaring double standard."<ref>https://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-lgbt-gay-characters/</ref> However, prior to 2016's ''Star Trek Beyond,'' it was revealed that Sulu will be gay. George Takei said that while he was glad that a gay character will be featured in the film, he felt the move interfered with Roddenberry's original vision.

== Pedophilia and hard-core Star Trek fans ==

Ellen Ladowsky wrote in ''Huffington Post'':
{{Cquote|The ''LA Times'' recently ran a story about the Child Exploitation Section of the Toronto Sex Crimes Unit, which contained a mind-boggling statistic: of the more than 100 offenders the unit has arrested over the last four years, "all but one" has been "a hard-core Trekkie." Blogger Ernest Miller thought this claim was improbable. "I could go to a science fiction convention," he explained "and be less likely to find that 99+ percent of the attendees were hard-core Trekkies." While there may be quibbling about the exact numbers, the Toronto detectives claim that the connection is undeniable.

In fact, Star Trek paraphernalia has so routinely been found at the homes of the pedophiles they've arrested that it has become a gruesome joke in the squad room. (On the wall, there is a Star Trek poster with the detectives' faces replacing those of the crew members). This does not mean that watching Star Trek makes you a pedophile. It does mean that if you're a pedophile, odds are you've watched a lot of Star Trek.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ellen-ladowsky/pedophilia-and-star-trek_b_5857.html Pedophilia and Star Trek fans]</ref>}}

== Institutions ==
The ''United Federation of Planets'' is the multi-world government based on [[Earth]], and under which auspices Starfleet operates.

''Starfleet'' is the exploratory and defensive organisation which operates the various starships.

The ''Academy'' is where Starfleet officers and crew are trained.

== Technology ==
The universe of ''Star Trek'' has an array of advanced technology, some of which has foreshadowed real developments.
This technology includes computer speech recognition, atom-level fabrication, massive energy production, and faster-than-light travel.

All Starfleet members from the time of ''The Next Generation'' on wear broach-size devices on their uniforms which allow instant two-way communication between crew-members or between the crew-member and the ship's computer.

The transporters, being developed at the time of ''Enterprise'', disassemble and reassemble inanimate and animate things, including people, allowing them to be transported over moderate distances. For example, transporters are frequently used to send people from a spaceship in orbit to the surface of a planet and return.

Replicators, introduced in ''The Next Generation'' use similar technology to fabricate inanimate objects from a molecular or atomic level. This includes spare parts for the ships. Specialized food replicators can fabricate a wide variety of food, which is suitable for everyday use, but can on occasions not be quite as good as the real thing.

Holodecks and holosuites (the latter on ''Deep Space Nine'') are rooms containing holoprojectors that project holographic images with solidity, allowing people to interact with the images. A computer controls the images, which includes holographic people who appear just like real people.
The ''Voyager'' series introduced an "emergency medical hologram", a holographic doctor which could be activated in the case of an emergency.
In this case, the ship's real doctor was killed, and the holographic doctor was a regular character, with enhanced abilities including being able to activate and deactivate himself.
He also managed to acquire a portable holographic projector that he could wear, allowing him to leave the confines of the ship's sick bay and its fixed holographic projectors.

Phasers are the classic "ray gun", emitting a beam that, depending on the setting, was capable of stunning or killing the person on the receiving end.

Tricorders were hand-held devices combining the functions of a computer, communicator, and laboratory for sensing and testing objects.
Specialized medical tricorders were also used by medical officers.

Warp drives allow spaceships to travel vast distances by creating a sub-space "bubble" around the ship, allowing faster-than-light travel, a necessity when travelling around the galaxy as part of a day's work.

== The Prime Directive ==
Starfleet had The Prime Directive, first introduced in ''Star Trek: The Original Series'', which said that its personnel should not interfere with the natural progression of a species. The directive sometimes clashed with morality or common sense and on many occasions was ignored by Starfleet officers. There was also a Temporal Prime Directive, introduced in ''Star Trek: Voyager'', which said that when going into the past (by various means) they should not try to alter the course of history. When someone from Starfleet (or elsewhere) violated the directive, officers were justified in working to stop them as long as they did not violate the directive themselves. The plot point of the Prime Directive was largely created as a response to the Vietnam War by Gene L. Coon, with the intended message being to denounce American involvement in the war.

== ''Star Trek'' in culture ==
[[image:284699main image 1204 946-710.jpg|thumb|Gene Roddenberry and original series cast members at the launch of the space shuttle ''Enterprise''.]]
Various concepts from Star Trek have entered popular culture, including the following:
* The [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Vulcan|Vulcan]] greeting, ''Live long and prosper''.
* The [[Borg]] warning that ''resistance is futile''.
* The [[Klingon]] language has been developed as a complete [[constructed language|artificial language]].
* The first [[space shuttle]], ''Enterprise'', was named for the ship in [[Star Trek (original series)|the original series]].

==See also==
* [[Charlie X]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/16/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-tarnished-jubilee-intro/ Star Trek: a tarnished jubilee (Intro)] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/17/editorial/entertainment/communism-star-trek-economy/ Communism: the Star Trek economy] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/19/editorial/entertainment/philosophy-theology-star-trek/ Philosophy and theology in Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/20/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-science-controversies/ Star Trek science controversies] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/21/editorial/entertainment/future-star-trek/ Future in, and of, Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views

The author of these articles has republished them to Conservapedia in essay form, as follows:

*Essay 1: [[Essay:Star Trek: A Tarnished Jubilee|''Star Trek'': A Tarnished Jubilee]]
*Essay 2: [[Essay:Communism: the Star Trek economy|Communism: the ''Star Trek'' economy]]
*Essay 3: [[Essay:Articles of Federation|Articles of Federation]]
*Essay 4: [[Essay:Philosophy and Theology in Star Trek|Philosophy and theology in ''Star Trek'']]
*Essay 5: [[Essay:Star Trek Science Controversies|Scientific controversies]]
*Essay 6: [[Essay:Future in and of Star Trek|The future in, and of, ''Star Trek'']]

[[Category:Star Trek| ]]

Marina Sirtis

2021-10-16T00:04:16Z

Technotronical: Created page Marina Sirtis WITH FILMOGRAPHY AND Early career AND Star Trek acting sections

{{Infobox person
|name=Marina Sirtis
(American film, television actor 
Best known for her ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=
|birth_place= [[London]], [[England]], UK
|birth_date=March 29, 1955
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Michael Lamper(m. 1992; died 2019)
}}
'''Marina Sirtis''' (born February 16, 1957) in Hackney, London, England UK is an [[British]] actress, best known for her portrayal of Counselor Deanna Troi on the television series [[Star Trek: The Next Generation]] (1987–1994) Sirtis later played the role in four Star Trek films, as well as episodes of Star Trek: Voyager, the series finale of Star Trek: Enterprise, an episode of Star Trek: Picard, and an episode of Star Trek: Lower Decks. Sirtis has won 4 awards as an actor, her most recent was in 2020 at Southern Shorts Awards for Individual Achievement in Acting the same year she was awarded Best Supporting Actress In A Short Film at the East Europe International Film Festival. Sirtis has also been nominated for 4 awards as an actress. In 1992 Marina Sirtis married Michael Lamper, an American rock guitarist and musician who portrayed an Acamarian gatherer in the Star Trek: The Next Generation third season episode "The Vengeance Factor".

==Early life and Education==
Marina Sirtis was born on 29 March 1955 in Hackney, London, England, to Greek parents, John Sirtis and Despina, a tailor's assistant. She has a younger brother whose name is Steve. Although she wanted to become an actress at an early age, her very Greek and very traditional mother objected.
While in secondary school, she secretly auditioned for Guildhall School of Music and Drama against her parents' wishes. Following her graduation, she joined Connaught Theatre. Sirtis decided to become an actress against her parents' wishes. She secretly auditioned for drama schools before ultimately being accepted into Guildhall School of Music and Drama. She eventually began her acting career in Connaught Theatre following her graduation from Guildhall.

==Early film and television career==
In 1976, at the age of 21, Sirtis graduated from Guildhall and began her career by joining the Connaught Theatre.

Sirtis appeared in several British television series such as "Raffles" in 1977, "Hazell" in 1978 and "Minder" in 1979.

In 1982 Sirtis appeared in two episodes of the stand up comedian sitcom series titled "Kelly Monteith". Also in the early 1980s, she appeared in a famous Cinzano Bianco commercial with Star Trek guest actress Joan Collins.

In early 1986, Sirtis worked with director David Carson in an episode of the British crime drama "Call Me Mister" and in an episode of "The Return of Sherlock Holmes". Carson would later direct Sirtis in four episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation and in the 1994 film Star Trek Generations.

In late 1986, when she was age 31, Sirtis emigrated to the United States, settling in [[Los Angeles]] to boost her career and find better acting roles. She later became a naturalized US citizen. Five days after arriving in Hollywood director James Darren cast Marina Sirtis in the [[NBC]] L.A. Cop drama "Hunter". Sirtis stated "The money I earned [on "Hunter"] enabled me to stay in Los Angeles for my Star Trek auditions" ultimately allowing her to audition several times.

=Star Trek: The Next Generation=
Marina Sirtis initially auditioned for the part of Macha Hernandez, a security officer, who was later renamed (and recast to Denise Crosby) in Natasha Yar.
as chief security officer. Sirtis read for this Macha Hernandez part at her first three auditions before Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry wanted her and Denise Crosby to switch their roles. Sirtis started auditioning on March 23, 1987 and was cast on May 6, 1987 which was the same day she was offered the role of Deanna Troi by Gene Roddenberry, the same day she was packing to return to Britain, as her her six-month American visa had expired. After receiving her breakthrough role as Troi in the “Star Trek: The Next Generation” in 1987 she said writers found it difficult to write for Troi and even left her out of four episodes in the first season. In an interview she noted that the pilot episode "Encounter at Farpoint" was the only time in the first season she wore her own hair.

In a June 2021 Nerd News Today interview with Marina Sirtis, she elaborates that Gene Roddenberry felt that there was one too many women on Star Trek: The Next Generation during season 1. [[Gates McFadden]] plays a doctor, Denise Crosby plays security chief and Sirtis as Troi a counselor-psychologist. Sirtis said quote "but you really don’t need a psychologist. It was as simple as that. Security chief is viable, a doctor is viable—a psychologist, not so much." Ironically of the three lead woman cast members Sirtis as Deanna Troi at the end of the first season, was the only one left out of the three women.

At [[Jonathan Frakes]] wedding Gene Roddenberry took Sirtis aside to tell her after the writers strike (Season 2) the very first episode is a "Troi episode". Sirtis emotionally burst into tears as she was hanging on professionally and personally to this character. Sirtis was pleased with the first episode of season two titled "The Child" as she felt her character was overlooked during the first season. In this episode her character Deanna Troi becomes pregnant by an alien entity and gives birth to a mysterious child who becomes a fully grown child over the course of only a few days ultimately passing away. The episode was watched by 10.9 million viewers, while additional cameras and equipment were used to improve the style of filming. Despite receiving high praise as a great performance by Marina Siritis critics held a negative opinion of the writing of the episode saying that there was no ongoing effect to Sirtis' character Troi. Sirtis was also given multiple new cleavage showing attire beginning in this episode and beyond while wearing her hair down longer.

During TNG's first three years, Sirtis did not act in any other film or television production. In 1990, during a break between Star Trek: The Next Generation third and fourth seasons, Sirtis starred in the British movie One Last Chance for director Gabrielle Beaumont. The following year, she co-starred with Zach Galligan and Jim Metzler in the horror-comedy film Waxwork II: Lost in Time.

Sirtis would frequently join the away team missions throughout the series. Sirtis appeared in all seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation, and her character was developed from a more passive therapist to a tougher Starfleet officer. She would also be a main cast member on the bridge sitting next to Captain Picard and had her own counselors room. Troi's switching to a standard Starfleet uniform part way through the 6th season in "Chain of Command" elevated the character's dignity in Sirtis' eyes, and her enthusiasm in playing her.

During her time on the show, she became close friends with her co-stars Jonathan Frakes (who played Commander Riker), Michael Dorn (Lieutenant Worf) and Brent Spiner (who played Lieutenant Commander Data). The latter cast members were groomsmen at her wedding in 1992.

Sirtis, as a Betazoid character, like her mother Lwaxanna played by Majel Barret, wore black-colored contact lenses during the seven-year run of Star Trek: The Next Generation and the subsequent films because her character had black eyes. Sirtis own eyes are light brown. Outside of the 2 part pilot episodes where she wore a mini-skirt style skant and her own hair, she wore a wig throughout the seven year series run.

=Acting after Star Trek=
After TNG wrapped in 1994, Sirtis began voicing the major character of Demona in the animated series Gargoyles. Her TNG co-star Jonathan Frakes also joined her on that series as the voice of David Xanatos. Two other TNG cast-mates, Michael Dorn and Brent Spiner, had recurring voice-over roles on the show, while LeVar Burton and Colm Meaney each voiced in one episode.

In 2000, Sirtis appeared on the Sci-Fi Channel's Stargate SG-1. In 2003, she guest-starred on the drama series The Closer, on which Raymond Cruz is a regular cast member. In 2006, Sirtis had a recurring role on the UPN series Girlfriends, which starred Star Trek: Enterprise guest actress Golden Brooks. That same year, Sirtis was seen on the CBS series Without a Trace, playing the mother of a missing high school basketball star. Former Enterprise star Connor Trinneer played the basketball coach in the same episode, but he shared no scenes with Sirtis.

Sirtis and Star Trek actor Ben Cross both had supporting roles in the Sci-Fi Channel original movie Grendel, which aired in 2007. Shortly thereafter, Sirtis and her TNG castmates (Patrick Stewart, Jonathan Frakes, Brent Spiner, LeVar Burton, Michael Dorn, Gates McFadden, Wil Wheaton, and Denise Crosby) all voiced themselves in the "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven" episode of Seth MacFarlane's hit animated show, Family Guy. Sirtis previously voiced Counselor Troi for another Family Guy episode ("Peter's Got Woods"), but her segment was cut and replaced by a different TNG segment. Sirtis was also heard in an episode of MacFarlane's The Cleveland Show later in 2009.

Also in 2009, Sirtis guest-starred on the short-lived CBS series Three Rivers.

In 2013 and 2016 Sirtis appeared 3 times on the [[CBS]] hit series NCIS as the character Orli Elbaz.

From 2011 thru 2019 Sirtis voiced multiple characters over six episodes in the series Warner Brothers animated series "Young Justice".

In 2020 Sirtis appeared in an episode titled "Nepenthe" during the spin-off series first season of Star Trek:Picard as Deanna Troi, who is now married to William Riker with two children, one child passed away.
Then later in the 2020 year Sirtis reprises her role as Troi in the animated series Star Trek:Lower Decks season 1 finale Episode: "No Small Parts".

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Role
|-
| 1983 || ''The Wicked Lady'' || Jackson's Girl
|-
| 1984 || ''Blind Date'' || Hooker
|-
| 1985 || ''Death Wish 3'' || Maria Rodriguez
|-
| 1992 || ''Waxwork II: Lost in Time'' || Gloria
|-
| 1994 || ''Star Trek Generations'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 1996 || ''Star Trek: First Contact'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 1998 || ''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 1999 || ''Paradise Lost'' || Dr. Christine DuMaurier
|-
| 2002 || ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || Counselor Deanna Troi
|-
| 2002 || ''Terminal Error'' || Alex
|-
| 2004 || ''Spectres'' || Laura Lee
|-
| 2004 || ''Crash'' || Shereen
|-
| 2007 || ''Fist of the Warrior'' || Mary
|-
| 2007 || ''The Deep Below'' || Sarah
|-
| 2007 || ''Oranges (film)/Game of Life'' || Mrs. Rafiki
|-
| 2008 || ''InAlienable'' || Attorney Barry
|-
| 2009 || ''Green Street 2: Stand Your Ground'' || Veronica Mavis
|-
| 2009 || ''The Grudge 3'' || Gretchen
|-
| 2009 || ''31 North 62 East'' || Sarah Webber
|-
| 2014 || ''Finders Keepers'' || Janine
|-
| 2014 || ''Electric Boogaloo: The Wild, Untold Story of Cannon Films'' || Herself
|-
| 2015 || ''A Dark Reflection'' || Maggie Jaspar
|-
| 2016 || ''Little Dead Rotting Hood'' || Esmerelda Winfield / Grandmother
|-
| 2017 || ''The Assassin's Apprentice'' || Miranda
|-
| 2017 || ''My Christmas Prince'' || Felicia Holst
|-
| 2018 || ''5th Passenger'' || Alana
|-
| 2020 || ''Max Winslow and the House of Secrets'' || H.A.V.E.N
|-
| 2020 || ''Debt Collectors'' || Mal Reese
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Note
|-
|1977
|''Raffles (TV series)''
|Faustina
|
|-
|1977
|''Who Pays the Ferryman?''
|Ariadne
|
|-
|1978
|''[[Hazell''
|Melina Stassinopolus
|
|-
|1978
|''The Thief of Baghdad''
|Harem Girl
|TV film
|-
|1979
|Cinzano commercial
|Stewardess
|TV commercial
|-
|1979
|''Minder''
|Stella
|Series 1, Episode 6: Aces High...And Sometimes Very Low
|-
|1982
|''Kelly Monteith''
|Uncredited
|
|-
|1985
|''Up the Elephant and Round the Castle''
|Lisa
|
|-
|1986
|''Room at the Bottom''
|Carla
|
|-
|1986
|''Call Me Mister''
|Sally
|
|-
|1986
|''The Return of [[Sherlock Holmes]]''
|Lucrezia
|Episode: "The Six Napoleons"
|-
|1987
|''[[Hunter (TV series)''
|Kate Scanlon
|
|-
|1987–1994
|''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
|Counselor Deanna Troi
|176 Episodes
|-
|1988
|''Reading Rainbow''
|Herself
|Episode: "The Bionic Bunny Show"
|-
|1990
|''One Last Chance''
|Maria
|TV film
|-
|1994
|''Heaven Help Us''
|Carolyn Paris
|
|-
|1994–1996, 1997
|''Gargoyles''
|Demona
|Animated series
|-
|1996
|''Gadgetman''
|Detective Inspector Walker
|TV film
|-
|1997
|''Duckman''
|Aurora Abromowitz
|Animated series
|-
|1998
|''Diagnosis: Murder''
|Mary Ann Eagin
|
|-
|1999
|''Earth: Final Conflict''
|Sister Margarette
|
|-
|1999
|''The Outer Limits''
|Olivia 'Liv' Kohler
|Episode: "The Grell"
|-
|1999–2000
|''Star Trek: Voyager''
|Counselor Deanna Troi
|Episodes: "Pathfinder"; "Life Line"; "Inside Man"
|-
|2000
|''Stargate SG-1''
|Dr. Svetlana Markova
|Episode: "Watergate"
|-
|2001
|''Casualty (TV series)''
|Jane Taylor, MP
|
|-
|2003
|''Threat Matrix''
|Dr. Nabila Hassan
|
|-
|2005, 2009
|''[[Family Guy]]''
|Marina Sirtis, Herself
|Animated series
|-
|2005
|''The Closer''
|Layla Moktari
|Episode: "L.A. Woman"
|-
|2005
|''Star Trek: Enterprise''
|Counselor Deanna Troi
|Episode: "These Are the Voyages..."
|-
|2006
|''Without a Trace''
|Alexas Soros
|
|-
|2006
|''Girlfriends (U.S. TV series)''
|Gina Richards
|
|-
|2007
|''Grendel (film)''
|Queen Wealtheow
|TV film
|-
|2008
|''Holby City''
|Lucy Simmonds
|
|-
|2009
|''Annihilation Earth''
|Paxton
|TV film
|-
|2009
|''[[The Cleveland Show]]''
|Athena the Greek Prostitute/Woman at Party
|Animated series
|-
|2009
|''Green Street 2''
|Veronica Mavis
|
|-
|2009
|''Three Rivers (TV series)''
|Layla Rahimi
|
|-
|2010
|''Make It or Break It''
|Dr. Anna Kleister
|
|-
|2010–2013, 2019
|''Young Justice (TV series)''
|L-4 / Queen Bee (comics)/ Scientist No. 2
|
|-
|2011
|''Grey's Anatomy''
|Sonya Amin
|
|-
|2013
|''Star Trek Continues''
|Computer voice
|
|-
|2013
|''Adventure Time''
|Samantha
|Episode: "The Pit"
|-
|2013–2016
|''[[NCIS]]''
|Mossad Director Orli Elbaz
|Episodes: "Berlin", "Past, Present, and Future", "Family First"
|-
|2016
|''My Summer Prince (Hallmark TV movie)''
|Penelope Sheridan
|
|-
|2017
|''Scandal (TV series)''
|General Fletcher
|Episode: "The Box"
|-
|2017
|''OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes''
|Cosma (voice)
|Voice role
|-
|2018
|''The Last Sharknado: It's About Time''
|Winter
|Voice role
|-
|2018
|''Titans (2018 TV series)''
|Marie Granger
|Episode: "Hank and Dawn"
|-
|2019
|''[[The Orville]]''
|Schoolteacher
|Episode: "Sanctuary"
|-
|2020
|''Star Trek: Picard''
|Commander Deanna Troi
|Episode: "Nepenthe''
|-
|2020
|''Star Trek: Lower Decks''
|Commander Deanna Troi (voice)
|Episode: "No Small Parts"
|}

===Voice acting===
* ''Griffin and Sabine'' audio series (1993) ... Sabine
* ''Gargoyles (TV series)'' (1994–97) ... Demona
* ''Mass Effect'' (Video game) (2007) ... Matriarch Benezia
* ''Young Justice (TV series)'' (2010–12, 2018) ... Queen Bee
* ''Pilgrim of Eternity'' (2013) ... Computer (recreation of the Computer from ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'')
* ''Adventure Time'' (2013) ... Samantha (Episode "The Pit")
* ''XCOM 2: War of the Chosen'' (Video Game) (2017) ... Elena Dragunova
* ''OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes'' (2017) ... Cosma
* ''Elite: Dangerous'' (2018) ... COVAS Carina
* ''The Worlds of Doctor Who: The Year of Martha Jones" (2021) ... Karen

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sirtis, Marina}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:British Actors]]
[[Category:British People]]

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000642/ Marina Sirtis at the IMDb database]
*[https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Marina_Sirtis Memory-alpha Fandom]
*[https://www.nerdnewstoday.com/marina-sirtis-was-almost-fired-from-star-trek-the-next-generation-during-first-season/ Marina Sirtis Was Almost Fired From "Star Trek TNG" During First Season]

Bryan Kreutz

2021-10-14T21:59:34Z

Technotronical: /* Television */

{{Infobox person
|name=Bryan Kreutz
(American film, television actor, Producer, Director, writer 
Best known for his ''A Captain's Log'' Star Trek News/Talk show series)
|image=
|birth_place= St. Louis 
St. Louis County, [[Missouri]]
|birth_date=September 30, 1977
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Tiffany Kreutz
}}

'''Bryan Earl Kreutz''' (born September 30, 1977) in St. Louis Missouri is an American actor, Television director, Television producer, and writer.

As an actor his most recognizable roles have been as Larry Thrunkleman on the Tom Green comedy film "Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot" (2019) and Brody on the television series "[[Up on High Ground]]" (2014–2015), which he also directed and produced. He is a presenter as the lead host for the [[Star Trek]] news TV Talk Show "A Captain's Log". As the executive producer and show runner, Kreutz TV series "Up on High Ground" was nominated for best television series in 2020 by Roku Detaron TV awards.

==Television shows and pilots==

Starting in September 2009 and in less than 4 months Kreutz began the concept of spearheading the launch of transitioning the long running Crawford Broadcasting radio program "The Revolution Radio" from radio into a Television format for a TV pilot. <ref> https://www.pr.com/press-release/204624</ref>
Premiering in 2010 he directed and produced all 36 episodes of the [[Christian Television Network]] affiliate TV program [[Revolution 618]] in which he also played an integral part of creating the concept of the [[St. Louis]] based network TV talk show.

In 2011 during the 1st season of the [[Christian Television Network]] program Rescued Nation, producers Arlington Lane and Bryan Kreutz shopped a number of other [[game show]] format TV pilots to production companies. Notably one was presented as an opportunity from KissMedia Limited Executive Producer Howard Huntridge with rights from Fremantle Media for pitching a version of the unsold U.K. TV Pilot game show titled "On a Roll". The game show was already recorded in July 2006 on the set of Joe Pasquale's [[The Price is Right]] UK, and featured English television presenter Greg Scott. <ref> https://www.doncasterfreepress.co.uk/news/the-doncaster-man-who-helped-bring-sir-bruce-forsyth-s-biggest-tv-hits-to-screen-and-to-town-to-open-an-owl-sanctuary-1-8715150 </ref> Ultimately the pilot had to be sold and re-shot by a U.S. based production company, mainly because of the climate in the U.K. while at the time, many of Britain's most popular TV game shows were under fire and threatened to be forced off the air, after regulators launched a probe into whether they constitute gambling, according to gambling watchdog claims and timing for the pilot in 2012. <ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2113217/Deal-No-Deal-faces-Gambling-Commission-probe-TV-gameshows-face-crackdown.html </ref> The U.S. based "On a Roll" sets were fully constructed with designs from Kreutz, but never materialized into a production deal. Kreutz, who like Huntridge, began producing the pilot TV show art in the U.S.,inventing shows and selling them to the national networks, would not succeed in this reverse style of a U.K. show selling in the U.S. However, using some of the unused set pieces, Kreutz would go on to produce and have a bit acting role in the Garden Grove California Indie fest USA short film "[[To Inflict]]" garnering an audience award for most well received new film.

===Up on High Ground===
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing "Up on High Ground"]]
Kreutz co-created the family and faith based TV series [[Up on High Ground]], directing many of the episodes and playing the video gamer neighbor character Brody. Along with Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan, Kreutz produced the series and was a lead writer. <ref>http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 </ref> The series ran on several [[The CW]] TV affiliates in syndication and [[Pure Flix]] from 2014-2015. Upon the completion of the nine episode series run, Kreutz had directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being Revolution 618. All 9 episodes of the Up on High Ground series were solely written or co-written by Kreutz and Lec Zorn, with the exception of the pilot episodes co-written by Joanna Ferbrache. <ref> https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 </ref>

==Commercials==
Kreutz has voiced over 100 radio commercials, many as promos for radio stations and national products. As an on screen actor his career has opened up many television commercial spokesman opportunities front-lining him on national cable TV commercials for Fidelity Communications and for the Sono Bello product TriSculpt. The Sono Bello TriSculpt "Is This Fat?" ad was one of the longest running weight loss campaigns in domestic television history, airing for over two years as a sixty second commercial. In it's first two weeks from November 25, 2019 thru December 6, 2019 the ad reached nearly 7 Million TV impressions (households) as 82 National airings with Kreutz as the lead actor speaking.

==Personal life and career==
Bryan Kreutz is the middle child of three children from parents Walter Kreutz, a career Boeing aircraft secret clearance deployment specialist and Pamela Kreutz. With his mother Pamela being an Assemblies of God Sunday school superintendent, Kreutz was raised in an [[Assemblies of God]] church and still practices the faith today.

Kreutz graduated from Broadcast Center in [[St. Louis]] [[Missouri]] in 1998, taking broadcast communications courses, in particular, elective play-by-play hockey courses sharing hands on broadcast internships, notably with future NHL announcer Dan Kelly Jr. Finishing up college he voiced play-by-play games with Kelly on location at the The St. Louis Sting U.S. Junior A hockey club. Having a liking for not just announcing hockey, but playing it as well Kreutz landed his first on-air radio position at sister stations [[WJRE]] and [[WKEI]] a [[CBS]] affiliate just outside of Peoria [[Illinois]] immediately after college with a two hour Saturday morning call in coaches show. While there at WKEI, Kreutz was the high school football and basketball play-by-play voice interning regularly with United Hockey League clubs in Quad Cities Iowa and St. Charles Missouri.
After leaving the [[CBS News Radio]] affiliate [[WKEI]] in 1999, Kreutz trained with several pro NHL hockey players in scrimmages and practice games, eventually breaking into semi-pro [[ice hockey]] in the early 2000's with the St.Louis Shock of Hockey North America. <ref>http://www.hna.com/leagues/rosters_profile.cfm?clientID=2296&leagueID=5766&teamID=223642&playerID=613280</ref>

In 2001-2002 Kreutz continued as an announcer for the St. Charles Cyclones in the [[North American]] [[Football]] League and eventually onto [[KJSL]] in 2005 where he did voice-overs and produced two radio shows that led to TV talk shows in "Revolution 618" and "Rescued Nation TV". Kreutz was also the exclusive St. Louis area radio voice for a Star Trek news segment on "The Bob Wells show" a [[Christian]] [[Conservative]] talk radio show as a Co-Producer.

As an actor with talent agency reps in both the Midwest and L.A., doing voice-overs for radio led to doing TV commercials and eventually on screen acting in film. Kreutz landed a substantial speaking role as the TV host named Larry Thrunkleman, in the comedy feature film “Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot”. <ref> http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/Centralia-Morning-Sentinel.htm </ref> Larry and his talk show featuring the The Jerry Ford Band with Kreutz interviewing the supposed Big Foot himself who is being pursued by Tom Green's character and “Survivorman” Les Stroud. The film was shot in Cape Girardeau, Missouri near where Kreutz was residing at the time.

Kreutz currently resides just southeast of [[Los Angeles]] [[California]] in [[Temecula]] with his wife Tiffany and their three children.

==Filmography==

== Film ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role/Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2012
| ''The Apprentice Puppeteer''
| Man in Red
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2012 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
| ''[[To Inflict]]''
| Coffee customer commenter '''†''' Also producer and Story by
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Hercules: The Brave and the Bold''
| Hades '''†''' Also third assistant director
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Imperial-Leader">{{cite web | url=http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%206.pdf http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%207.pdf| title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Imperial Leader Newspaper via Intense Face Boss archives | date=2013 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2017
| ''The Layover (film)''
| Spit Bag Passenger
| Uncredited<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2017 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''East Plains: Get Out!''
| Parade Goer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot''
| Larry Thrunkleman
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2020
| ''The Empty Man (film)''
| Coroner
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2022
| ''Cheaper by the Dozen''
|Pompous pool dad
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 'Stu''
|Bar Patron
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}
== Television ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via FourWorlds or his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class = "unsortable" | Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2014-2015
| ''[[Up on High Ground]]''
|Brody Vanderschmidt
| '''†''' Also director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="insidestl">{{cite web | url=http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=InsideSTL | date=2014 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2016
| ''Life with Jess''
|Santosh (Voice)
| '''†''' Also story by and producer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Internet Movie Database">{{cite web | url=http://m.imdb.com/title/tt6354112/fullcredits/cast?ref_=m_tt_cl_sc | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Internet Movie Database | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Nova (TV Series)]]''
| Himself
|
|Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="PBS">{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/memory-hackers.html | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=PBS | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Let's Make a Deal]]''
| Self - Contestant
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Ghost Adventures''
| Postmaster
| TV Series documentary
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="6"| 2021
| ''Drama Club''
|Assistant Coach
| 2 Episodes
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Curb Your Enthusiasm''
|Coffee drinker
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''The Shrink Next Door''
|Cemetery Groundskeeper
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Colin in Black & White''
|Hotel lobby baseball coach
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''A Captain's Log''
|Self - Host presenter
| 13 Episodes '''†''' Also co-director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Industry Innovators''
| Self
| TV Series documentary
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2022
| ''The Terminal List''
|Pedestrian
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}

== Television Talk shows as Director ==
*'''Note:''' TV or Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for the [[Christian Television Network]].
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Revolution 618]]''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christien Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
| ''Rescued Nation TV''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christian Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
| ''A Captain's Log''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3840743/ Bryan Kreutz at the IMDb database]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Bryan_Kreutz Bryan Kreutz at Fandom]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kreutz, Bryan}}
[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Writers]]
[[Category:American Actors]]

NOVA (PBS)

2021-10-14T21:58:41Z

Technotronical: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Nova (TV Series)]]

Nova (TV Series)

2021-10-14T21:40:13Z

Technotronical: Created page "Nova" with notable episodes, premise, controversy SECTIONS

'''''Nova''''' is an Emmy award-winning science news television series produced by WGBH Boston for the [[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) television network. Created by Michael Ambrosino, Nova is seen in more than 100 countries. NOVA is the most watched science television series in the world and the most watched documentary series on PBS. It is also one of television's most acclaimed series, having won every major television award, most of them many times over. Most of the episodes aired in a 60-minute time slot. Executive producers are Paula Apsell (senior), Julia Cort, and Chris Schmidt.

==Premise==
As educational as the show is also informative, NOVA grapples headline-grabbing innovations and discoveries from our planet and universe past, present and future, demystifying the scientific explorations and technology along the way while highlighting the human side of the people "who make science happen."

Each week NOVA delves into an in depth look at a focused topic or human in the science field. NOVA's topics cover all branches of science, engineering, technology, and little to almost no biblical facts. NOVA's unique way of presenting each topic can be interesting to both those with no prior knowledge or those whose life's work is being covered.

As of October 2021, the show has ran for 48 seasons, premiering on March 3, 1974.

In 2005, Nova began airing some episodes titled "NOVA scienceNOW", which followed a news magazine television format. For two seasons, "NOVA scienceNOW" episodes aired in the same time slot as Nova. In 2008, NOVA scienceNOW officially declared its own separate spinoff series and given its own time slot.

==Reception best and weakest episodes==
''Nova'' has been praised for its in-depth science research racking up numerous episodes over the seasons. There are blunt wordly viewpoints on many political, moral, and theoretical views from a liberal perspective. Alternatively, Nova has produced a smaller number of full episodes exploring a conservative and bilbical point of view. Below is a list of best and weakest episodes based upon online fan votes as of October 2021.

==Notable Episodes==

{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Title
! OriginalAirDate
! class = "unsortable" | ProductionCode
! class = "unsortable" | ShortSummary
|-
|"Surviving The Tsunami"
|September 28, 2011
|3812
|Season 38 - Episode 12
The earthquake that hit the northern coast of Japan on March 11, 2011, was recorded at magnitude 9.0 the worst ever recorded in Japan. It generated an unprecedented tsunami, obliterating coastal villages and towns in a matter of minutes. In some areas, the tsunami climbed above 100 feet in height and traveled miles inland. Amazingly, amateur and professional photographers captured it all on video, including remarkable tales of human survival, as ordinary citizens became heroes in a drama they never could have imagined. As the waves rush in, a daughter struggles to help her elderly mother ascend their rooftop to safety; a man climbs onto an overpass just as the wave overtakes his car. These never-before-seen stories are captured in video and retold after the fact by the survivors who reveal what they were thinking as they made their life-saving decisions. Their stories provide lessons for how we should all act in the face of life-threatening disasters.
|-
|"Engineering Ground Zero"
|September 7, 2011
|3811
|Season 38 - Episode 11
To commemorate the 10th anniversary of 9/11, NOVA presents an epic story of engineering, innovation, and the perseverance of the human spirit. With extraordinary access granted by The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, “Engineering Ground Zero” follows the five-year construction of One World Trade Center (1 WTC) and the National September 11 Memorial & Museum..
|-
|"Hunting the Elements"
|April 4, 2012
|3906
|Season 39 - Episode 8
Where do nature’s building blocks, called the elements, come from? They’re the hidden ingredients of everything in our world, from the carbon in our bodies to the metals in our smartphones. To unlock their secrets, David Pogue, the lively host of NOVA’s popular "Making Stuff" series and technology correspondent of The New York Times, spins viewers through the world of weird, extreme chemistry: the strongest acids, the deadliest poisons, the universe’s most abundant elements, and the rarest of the rare—substances cooked up in atom smashers that flicker into existence for only fractions of a second.
|-
|"Secrets of the Sun"
|April 25, 2012
|3907
|Season 39 - Episode 11
It contains 99.9 percent of all the matter in our solar system and sheds hot plasma at nearly a million miles an hour. The temperature at its core is a staggering 27 million degrees Fahrenheit. It convulses, it blazes, it sings. You know it as the sun. Scientists know it as one of the most amazing physics laboratories in the universe. Now, with the help of new spacecraft and Earth-based telescopes, scientists are seeing the sun as they never have before and even recreating what happens at its very center in labs here on Earth. Their work will help us understand aspects of the sun that have puzzled scientists for decades. But more critically, it may help us predict and track solar storms that have the power to zap our power grid, shut down telecommunications, and ground global air travel for days, weeks, or even longer. Such storms have happened before—but never in the modern era of satellite communication. "Secrets of the Sun" reveals a bright new dawn in our understanding of our nearest star—one that might help keep our planet from going dark.
|-
|"Apollo’s Daring Mission"
|December 26, 2018
|4518
|Season 45 - Episode 17
Astronauts and engineers of Apollo 8 explain the inside story of the first mission to circumnavigate the moon. The Apollo astronauts and engineers share the inside story of Apollo 8, which was the first crewed spacecraft to successfully orbit the Moon and return to Earth. The U.S. space program suffered a bitter setback when Apollo 1 ended in a deadly fire during a pre-launch run-through. In disarray, and threatened by the prospect of a Soviet Union victory in the space race, NASA decided upon a radical and risky change of plan: turn Apollo 8 from an earth-orbit mission into a daring sprint to the moon while relying on untried new technologies. Fifty years after the historic mission, the Apollo 8 astronauts and engineers recount the feats of engineering that paved the way to the moon.
|-
|"The Fabric of the Cosmos: Quantum Leap (Part 3 of 4)"
|November 16, 2011
|3818
|Season 38 - Episode 17
Brian Greene explores the weirdness of quantum physics, which governs the universe on the tiniest of scales. While counterintuitive, it's one of the most successful theories in the history of science.
|-
|"Separating Twins"
|February 8, 2012
|3908
|Season 39 - Episode 6
Witness the extraordinary surgery that will allow twin girls, born joined at the head, to live separate lives. Bangladeshi conjoined twins Trishna and Krishna appear in this program validating that they have beaten the odds with their miracle story of survival, both awaking from landmark separation surgery. The twins, who were abandoned shortly after birth at an orphanage in Bangladesh, they had little chance of survival, until the twins were separated by a 16-member medical team from the 32-hour marathon surgery at the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne Australia. Since the beginning, surgeons knew there was no guarantee of survival for either of the girls—but without surgery there was no hope at all. With exclusive access to this extraordinary human and medical drama, Nova's cameras have been with Trishna and Krishna and their caregivers at each moment of their journey.
|-
|"Finding Life Beyond Earth: Moons and Beyond"
|October 19, 2011
|3813/3814
|Season 38 - Episode 13
The effort to locate life elsewhere in the universe is examined. It's a difficult task due to the many planets that could theoretically support life. Nova takes a spectacular trip to distant realms of our solar system to discover where secret forms of life may lie hidden. Combining the latest telescope images with dazzling animation, this program immerses audiences in the sights and sounds of alien worlds, while top astrobiologists explain how these places are changing how we think about the potential for life in our solar system. We used to think our neighboring planets and moons were dormant, lifeless rocks where life could never take hold. Today, however, the solar system looks wilder than we ever imagined.
|-
|"Space Shuttle Disaster"
|October 14, 2008
|3512
|Season 35 - Episode 12
An investigation uncovers the human failures and design flaws behind the 2003 Columbia tragedy. An in-depth look at the Columbia space shuttle disaster in 2003. Nova includes interviews with shuttle astronauts, family members, flight control personnel, administrators and investigators. Also included is a brief history of the space shuttle program.
|-
|"3D Spies of WWII"
|January 18, 2012
|3903
|Season 39 - Episode 3
The story of British aerial military photographic reconnaissance and analysis using stereoscopic viewing techniques during World War II. During World War II, Hitler’s scientists developed terrifying new weapons of mass destruction. Alarmed by rumors of advanced rockets and missiles, Allied intelligence recruited a team of brilliant minds from British universities and Hollywood studios to a country house near London. Here, they secretly pored over millions of air photos shot at great risk over German territory by specially converted, high-flying Spitfires. Peering at the photos through 3D stereoscopes, the team spotted telltale clues that revealed hidden Nazi rocket bases. The photos led to devastating Allied bombing raids that dealt crucial setbacks to the German rocket program and helped ensure the success of the D-Day landings. With 3D graphics that recreate exactly what the photo spies saw, NOVA tells the suspenseful, previously untold story of air photo intelligence that played a vital role in defeating the Nazis.
|-
|"Stephen Jay Gould: This View of Life"
|December 18, 1984
|1118
|Season 12 - Episode 18
What do dinosaurs, a panda's thumb and a peacock's tail have in common? Dr. Stephen Jay Gould, the internationally renowned paleontologist and Evolutionary theorist, provides some surprising answers in this NOVA profile.
|-
|"Memory Hackers"
|February 10, 2016
|4307
|Season 43 - Episode 7
Memory is the key to our identity. Its the glue that binds our mental lives. Without it, humans would be prisoners of the present, unable to use the lessons of the past to change our future. From our first kiss to where we put our keys, memory represents who we are, how we learn and how we navigate the world. But how does it actually work? In MEMORY HACKERS, NOVA explores the cutting edge frontiers of cognitive Science and molecular biology, where neuroscientists are probing our brains to unlock the secrets of human memory. The one-hour documentary, examines how memories are formed, what encompasses the act of remembering and the new technologies being used to implant, edit and even erase memories, a process that could DELETE our worst fears and, one day, may help us to re-write our past with the flip of a switch. Washington University research on Jake Hausler, a St. Louis child with Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory, and Actress/author Marilu Henner who has a Superior Autobiographical Memory are featured on this hour of NOVA.
|-
|"The Bible's Buried Secrets"
|November 18, 2008
|3516
|Season 35 - Episode 16
A powerful partnership between science and scholarship breaks exciting new ground in investigating the origins of the ancient [[Israelite]]'s, their faith in a single, [[omnipotent]] [[God]] and the creation of the Bible.
“The Bible’s Buried Secrets,” produced by [[Rhode Island]]-based Providence Pictures for PBS's science series Nova, attempts to uncover who wrote the Hebrew Bible and whether it’s history or parable, delving into the origins of the [[Israelite]]'s to explore their gradual transformation into a monotheistic people. The show also poses provocative ideas – including the “revelation” that many Israelite's believed that God had a wife – and disputes literal readings of the text.
|}

==Controversies==
[[Creation]] versus [[evolution]] for our planet [[Earth]] and universe is a topic that is not heavily explored head to head on the Nova TV series. Instead creation is underscored by the worldly view that evolution and planet earth ecosystems changed following the dinosaur extinction with emphasis that humans are fictionally, but according to Nova, evolved and were not created by God.
Not even theoretical creation opposition from a worldly or biblical perspective is provided to viewers on the so called "[[asteroid]]" hitting the earth thereby wiping out dinosaurs with an earthly evolution of [[mammals]] forming in this series Nova. Instead viewers and students are told this evolution of mammals is the solid truth of humans creation. This theory within the controversial Nova episode aired on October 30, 2019 titled "Rise of the Mammals" is showcased on the southern [[California]] PBS SoCal website as suggested teacher resource learning material for students. Moreover there isn't heavy concrete evidence suggesting this "asteroid" theory is truth. Furthermore, polls suggest the majority of humans believe humans were indeed created by God as written in the [[Bible]]. NOVA: Rise of the Mammals describes that their evidence suggests how environmental factors influenced plant and animal survival after this "asteroid" hit earth with an emergence of species diversity.
Parents need to know that NOVA is an award-winning science series that explores many topics that are educational and have solid evidence outside of the aforementioned "asteroid" theory that is likely fictional. Topics may be considered controversial, from AIDS to human cloning and "safe" cigarettes. While the science is presented in easy-to-understand terms, younger kids may not be able to grasp everything presented. Parental guidance is suggested along with biblical fact checking on some topics explored on Nova.

==Narrators==
The vast majority of episodes have a recurring voice actor or well known on screen actor or personality that is the narrator. Jay O. Sanders the narrator for the PBS series “Wide Angle” from 2002–2009, has served as narrator for a number of Nova episodes starting in 2007 and is credited as narrator for the most episodes of Nova.

Below is a list of Nova narrators in multiple episodes:
*Jay O. Sanders
*Craig Sechler
*Lance Lewman
*Will Lyman
*Neil Ross
*Stacy Keach
*Liev Schreiber
*Eric Meyers
*Peter Thomas
*Gene Galusha
*David Ogden Stiers
*Don Wescott
*[[Neil deGrasse Tyson]]
*Edward Herrmann
*John Lithgow
*Miles O'Brien
*Richard Donat
*Brian Greene
*Jeremiah Kissel
*Corey Johnson
*Zachary Quinto
*Joe Morton
*Janna Levin
*Tony Kahn
*David Attenborough
*Jamie Effros
*Rena Baskin
*Kathryn Walker
*Roy Scheider

== External links ==
* [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5460028/fullcredits/?ref_=tt_cl_sm IMDb Website]
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ Nova Official Website]
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/topic/evolution/ evolution topic]

[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Hollywood Values]]
[[Category:Evolution]]
[[Category:Broadcasting]]
[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Liberalism]]
[[Category:Liberal Bias]]
[[Category:Liberal Organizations]]
[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:Liberal News Organizations]]
[[Category:Liberal Media]]

Bryan Kreutz

2021-10-04T23:09:50Z

Technotronical: Created page Bryan Kreutz WITH FILMOGRAPHY, commercials, and Personal life/career SECTIONS

{{Infobox person
|name=Bryan Kreutz
(American film, television actor, Producer, Director, writer 
Best known for his ''A Captain's Log'' Star Trek News/Talk show series)
|image=
|birth_place= St. Louis 
St. Louis County, [[Missouri]]
|birth_date=September 30, 1977
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Tiffany Kreutz
}}

'''Bryan Earl Kreutz''' (born September 30, 1977) in St. Louis Missouri is an American actor, Television director, Television producer, and writer.

As an actor his most recognizable roles have been as Larry Thrunkleman on the Tom Green comedy film "Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot" (2019) and Brody on the television series "[[Up on High Ground]]" (2014–2015), which he also directed and produced. He is a presenter as the lead host for the [[Star Trek]] news TV Talk Show "A Captain's Log". As the executive producer and show runner, Kreutz TV series "Up on High Ground" was nominated for best television series in 2020 by Roku Detaron TV awards.

==Television shows and pilots==

Starting in September 2009 and in less than 4 months Kreutz began the concept of spearheading the launch of transitioning the long running Crawford Broadcasting radio program "The Revolution Radio" from radio into a Television format for a TV pilot. <ref> https://www.pr.com/press-release/204624</ref>
Premiering in 2010 he directed and produced all 36 episodes of the [[Christian Television Network]] affiliate TV program [[Revolution 618]] in which he also played an integral part of creating the concept of the [[St. Louis]] based network TV talk show.

In 2011 during the 1st season of the [[Christian Television Network]] program Rescued Nation, producers Arlington Lane and Bryan Kreutz shopped a number of other [[game show]] format TV pilots to production companies. Notably one was presented as an opportunity from KissMedia Limited Executive Producer Howard Huntridge with rights from Fremantle Media for pitching a version of the unsold U.K. TV Pilot game show titled "On a Roll". The game show was already recorded in July 2006 on the set of Joe Pasquale's [[The Price is Right]] UK, and featured English television presenter Greg Scott. <ref> https://www.doncasterfreepress.co.uk/news/the-doncaster-man-who-helped-bring-sir-bruce-forsyth-s-biggest-tv-hits-to-screen-and-to-town-to-open-an-owl-sanctuary-1-8715150 </ref> Ultimately the pilot had to be sold and re-shot by a U.S. based production company, mainly because of the climate in the U.K. while at the time, many of Britain's most popular TV game shows were under fire and threatened to be forced off the air, after regulators launched a probe into whether they constitute gambling, according to gambling watchdog claims and timing for the pilot in 2012. <ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2113217/Deal-No-Deal-faces-Gambling-Commission-probe-TV-gameshows-face-crackdown.html </ref> The U.S. based "On a Roll" sets were fully constructed with designs from Kreutz, but never materialized into a production deal. Kreutz, who like Huntridge, began producing the pilot TV show art in the U.S.,inventing shows and selling them to the national networks, would not succeed in this reverse style of a U.K. show selling in the U.S. However, using some of the unused set pieces, Kreutz would go on to produce and have a bit acting role in the Garden Grove California Indie fest USA short film "[[To Inflict]]" garnering an audience award for most well received new film.

===Up on High Ground===
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing "Up on High Ground"]]
Kreutz co-created the family and faith based TV series [[Up on High Ground]], directing many of the episodes and playing the video gamer neighbor character Brody. Along with Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan, Kreutz produced the series and was a lead writer. <ref>http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 </ref> The series ran on several [[The CW]] TV affiliates in syndication and [[Pure Flix]] from 2014-2015. Upon the completion of the nine episode series run, Kreutz had directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being Revolution 618. All 9 episodes of the Up on High Ground series were solely written or co-written by Kreutz and Lec Zorn, with the exception of the pilot episodes co-written by Joanna Ferbrache. <ref> https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 </ref>

==Commercials==
Kreutz has voiced over 100 radio commercials, many as promos for radio stations and national products. As an on screen actor his career has opened up many television commercial spokesman opportunities front-lining him on national cable TV commercials for Fidelity Communications and for the Sono Bello product TriSculpt. The Sono Bello TriSculpt "Is This Fat?" ad was one of the longest running weight loss campaigns in domestic television history, airing for over two years as a sixty second commercial. In it's first two weeks from November 25, 2019 thru December 6, 2019 the ad reached nearly 7 Million TV impressions (households) as 82 National airings with Kreutz as the lead actor speaking.

==Personal life and career==
Bryan Kreutz is the middle child of three children from parents Walter Kreutz, a career Boeing aircraft secret clearance deployment specialist and Pamela Kreutz. With his mother Pamela being an Assemblies of God Sunday school superintendent, Kreutz was raised in an [[Assemblies of God]] church and still practices the faith today.

Kreutz graduated from Broadcast Center in [[St. Louis]] [[Missouri]] in 1998, taking broadcast communications courses, in particular, elective play-by-play hockey courses sharing hands on broadcast internships, notably with future NHL announcer Dan Kelly Jr. Finishing up college he voiced play-by-play games with Kelly on location at the The St. Louis Sting U.S. Junior A hockey club. Having a liking for not just announcing hockey, but playing it as well Kreutz landed his first on-air radio position at sister stations [[WJRE]] and [[WKEI]] a [[CBS]] affiliate just outside of Peoria [[Illinois]] immediately after college with a two hour Saturday morning call in coaches show. While there at WKEI, Kreutz was the high school football and basketball play-by-play voice interning regularly with United Hockey League clubs in Quad Cities Iowa and St. Charles Missouri.
After leaving the [[CBS News Radio]] affiliate [[WKEI]] in 1999, Kreutz trained with several pro NHL hockey players in scrimmages and practice games, eventually breaking into semi-pro [[ice hockey]] in the early 2000's with the St.Louis Shock of Hockey North America. <ref>http://www.hna.com/leagues/rosters_profile.cfm?clientID=2296&leagueID=5766&teamID=223642&playerID=613280</ref>

In 2001-2002 Kreutz continued as an announcer for the St. Charles Cyclones in the [[North American]] [[Football]] League and eventually onto [[KJSL]] in 2005 where he did voice-overs and produced two radio shows that led to TV talk shows in "Revolution 618" and "Rescued Nation TV". Kreutz was also the exclusive St. Louis area radio voice for a Star Trek news segment on "The Bob Wells show" a [[Christian]] [[Conservative]] talk radio show as a Co-Producer.

As an actor with talent agency reps in both the Midwest and L.A., doing voice-overs for radio led to doing TV commercials and eventually on screen acting in film. Kreutz landed a substantial speaking role as the TV host named Larry Thrunkleman, in the comedy feature film “Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot”. <ref> http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/Centralia-Morning-Sentinel.htm </ref> Larry and his talk show featuring the The Jerry Ford Band with Kreutz interviewing the supposed Big Foot himself who is being pursued by Tom Green's character and “Survivorman” Les Stroud. The film was shot in Cape Girardeau, Missouri near where Kreutz was residing at the time.

Kreutz currently resides just southeast of [[Los Angeles]] [[California]] in [[Temecula]] with his wife Tiffany and their three children.

==Filmography==

== Film ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role/Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2012
| ''The Apprentice Puppeteer''
| Man in Red
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2012 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
| ''[[To Inflict]]''
| Coffee customer commenter '''†''' Also producer and Story by
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Hercules: The Brave and the Bold''
| Hades '''†''' Also third assistant director
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Imperial-Leader">{{cite web | url=http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%206.pdf http://intensefaceboss.webs.com/05-05%20Arnold%20Imperial%20Leader%207.pdf| title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Imperial Leader Newspaper via Intense Face Boss archives | date=2013 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2017
| ''The Layover (film)''
| Spit Bag Passenger
| Uncredited<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=beaufortcountynow | date=2017 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''East Plains: Get Out!''
| Parade Goer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Interviewing Monsters and Bigfoot''
| Larry Thrunkleman
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2020
| ''The Empty Man (film)''
| Coroner
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2022
| ''Cheaper by the Dozen''
|Pompous pool dad
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 'Stu''
|Bar Patron
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}
== Television ==
*'''Note:''' Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for Kreutz via FourWorlds or his company Brayden Patterson Productions LLC.
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class = "unsortable" | Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2014-2015
| ''[[Up on High Ground]]''
|Brody Vanderschmidt
| '''†''' Also director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="insidestl">{{cite web | url=http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground/32874 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=InsideSTL | date=2014 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2016
| ''Life with Jess''
|Santosh (Voice)
| '''†''' Also story by and producer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="Internet Movie Database">{{cite web | url=http://m.imdb.com/title/tt6354112/fullcredits/cast?ref_=m_tt_cl_sc | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Internet Movie Database | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Nova (TV series)|Nova]]''
| Himself
|
|Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="PBS">{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/memory-hackers.html | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=PBS | date=2016 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Let's Make a Deal]]''
| Self - Contestant
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2019
| ''Ghost Adventures''
| Postmaster
| TV Series documentary
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan="6"| 2021
| ''Drama Club''
|Assistant Coach
| 2 Episodes
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Curb Your Enthusiasm''
|Coffee drinker
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''The Shrink Next Door''
|Cemetery Groundskeeper
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Colin in Black & White''
|Hotel lobby baseball coach
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''A Captain's Log''
|Self - Host presenter
| 13 Episodes '''†''' Also co-director, Producer, and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| ''Industry Innovators''
| Self
| TV Series documentary
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|-
| 2022
| ''The Terminal List''
|Pedestrian
|
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}
== Television Talk shows as Director ==
*'''Note:''' TV or Films notated with '''†''' additionally have a 'produced by' credit for the [[Christian Television Network]].
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Notes
! class = "unsortable" | Credit
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Revolution 618]]''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christien Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
| ''Rescued Nation TV''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz<ref name="beaufortcountynow">{{cite web | url=https://beaufortcountynow.com/addon/tv&p=1&tvid=61053&personid=222080 | title=Bryan Kreutz | publisher=Christian Television Network | date=2010 | accessdate=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
| ''A Captain's Log''
| '''†''' Also Producer and Writer
| Credited as Bryan Kreutz
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3840743/ Bryan Kreutz at the IMDb database]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Bryan_Kreutz Bryan Kreutz at Fandom]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kreutz, Bryan}}
[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Writers]]
[[Category:American Actors]]

LeVar Burton

2021-10-04T17:56:47Z

Technotronical: added "Director" for known as in Infobox

{{Infobox person
|name=LeVar Burton
(American film, television actor, director, author 
Best known for his ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=
|birth_place= Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
|birth_date=February 16, 1957
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Stephanie Cozart Burton
}}
'''LeVar Burton''' (born February 16, 1957) in Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany as Levardis Robert Martyn Burton Jr. Burton is an [[American]] actor, director, author, podcaster and television host, best known for his portrayal of Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge in [[Star Trek: The Next Generation]] (1987–1994) also directing a number of television episodes for various iterations of Star Trek, and as host of the [[PBS]] Kids educational television series Reading Rainbow for more than 23 years (1983–2006), for which he has received 12 Daytime Emmy Awards, and a Peabody Award as host and executive producer of the show. He has also portrayed the central character Kunta Kinte / Toby in the hit Emmy award wining miniseries “Roots” first aired on [[ABC]] in January 1977. Burton has been nominated for 3 Prime time Emmy's first in 1977, then in 1996, and last in 2016. Another 22 wins & 27 nominations. In November 1990 Burton was awarded a star on the Hollywood walk of fame for his work in the field of television. LeVar Burton married Stephanie Cozart Burton, a professional make-up artist, on October 3, 1992. Burton has two children, son Eian Burton Smith and daughter Michaela "Mica" Jean Burton.

==Early life and Education==
Burton was born at the U.S. Army Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in [[West Germany]]. His mother, Erma Gene (née Christian), was a social worker, administrator, and educator. His father, Levardis Robert Martyn Burton, was a photographer for the [[U.S. Army]] Signal Corps at the time he was stationed at Landstuhl. Burton and his two sisters were raised by his mother in [[Sacramento, California]].

Burton was raised [[Roman Catholic]] and, at the age of 13, entered St. Pius X Minor [[Seminary]] in Galt, [[California]], to become a [[priest]].
At the age of 13, Burton entered a Catholic seminary to study for the [[priesthood]] but ultimately decided to pursue an acting career instead, graduating from the [[University of Southern California|University of Southern California's (USC)]] School of Theater.

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Film
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976
| ''Almos' a Man''
| Dave
| Alternative title: ''Richard Wright's Almos' a Man''
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Looking for Mr. Goodbar (film)|Looking for Mr. Goodbar]]''
| Cap Jackson
|
|-
| 1977
| ''Billy: Portrait of a Street Kid''
| Billy Peoples
| Ghetto child
|-
| 1978
| ''[[One in a Million: The Ron LeFlore Story]]''
| Ron LeFlore
| Alternative title: ''The Man of Passion''
|-
| 1978
| ''Battered''
| Andrew Sinclair
|
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Dummy (1979 film)|Dummy]]''
| Donald Lang
|
|-
| 1980
| ''[[The Hunter (1980 film)|The Hunter]]''
| Tommy Price
|
|-
| 1981
| ''The Acorn People''
| Rodney
|
|-
| 1981
| ''[[Grambling's White Tiger]]''
| Charles 'Tank' Smith
|
|-
| 1983
| ''Emergency Room''
| Ray Walden
|
|-
| 1984
| ''Booker''
| Davis
|
|-
| 1985
| ''And the Children Shall Lead''
| Glenn Scott
| Alternative title: ''PBS Wonderworks: And The Children Shall Lead''
|-
| 1985
| ''[[The Midnight Hour]]''
| Vinnie Davis
| Alternative title: ''In The Midnight Hour''
|-
| 1986
| ''[[The Supernaturals (film)|The Supernaturals]]''
| Private Michael Osgood
|
|-
| 1986
| ''Liberty''
| Robert Johnson
|
|-
| 1987
| ''A Special Friendship''
| Ben Summer
|
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Roots: The Gift]]''
| Kunta Kinte
| Alternative title: ''A Roots Christmas: Kunta Kinte's Gift''
|-
| 1993
| ''Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland''
| Fire Chief J. Alan Mathers
| Alternative title: ''Firestorm: A Catastrophe In Oakland''
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Parallel Lives]]''
| Dr. Franklin Carter
|
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Star Trek Generations]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Yesterday's Target''
| Winstrom
|
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Star Trek: First Contact]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Insurrection]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1999
| ''[[Our Friend, Martin]]''
| Martin, Age 26 (voice)
|
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Dancing in September]]''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Ali (film)|Ali]]''
| [[Martin Luther King Jr.|Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.]]
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Blizzard (film)|Blizzard]]''
| Night Watchman Elf
| Also director
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Reach for Me]]''
| Nathaniel
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Taken in Broad Daylight]]''
| Mike Timbrook
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Superman/Batman Public Enemies]]''
| [[Black Lightning|Jefferson Pierce/Black Lightning]] (voice)
|
|-
| 2011
| ''And They're Off''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2015
| ''Practice Makes Perfect''
| Principal Healy
|
|-
| 2018
| ''[[In Saturn's Rings]]''
| Narrator
| Documentary
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976–1979
| ''[[Rebop (TV series)|Rebop]]''
| Host
|
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Roots (1977 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| [[Kunta Kinte]]
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1978
| ''[[California Jam II]]''
| Himself
| TV Special. Interviewed as guest attendee
|-
| 1980
| ''[[Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones]]''
| Richard Jefferson
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Trapper John, M.D.]]''
| Luther Peacock
| Episode: "[[List of Trapper John, M.D. episodes|A Piece of the Action]]"
|-
| 1983
| ''[[Fantasy Island]]''
| Edward Ross Jr.
| Episode: "[[List of Fantasy Island episodes|Edward/The Extraordinary Miss Jones]]"
|-
| 1983–2006
| ''[[Reading Rainbow]]''
| Host
| 155 episodes
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Jesse Owens Story]]''
| Professor Preston
| Television movie
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Love Boat]]''
| Darnell
| Episode: "[[List of The Love Boat episodes|Love is Blind]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Murder, She Wrote]]''
| Reporter Dave Robinson
| Episode: "[[List of Murder, She Wrote episodes|Death Take a Dive]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Houston Knights]]''
| Jason Evans
| Episode: "Bad Girl"
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
| 178 episodes
|-
| 1990–1996
| ''[[Captain Planet and the Planeteers]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| 113 episodes
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''
| Hayden Sloane/Hatter Henchman (voice)
| Episode: "[[List of Batman: The Animated Series episodes|The Worry Men]]"
|-
| 1993-1999
| [[PBS Kids|PTV]]
| Pernell (voice)
| Leader of the P-Pals
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Christy (TV series)|Christy]]''
| Daniel Scott
| 7 episodes
|-
| 1995
|''[[Deadly Games]]''
| Mr. Metcalf
| Episode: "The Boss"
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child]]''
| Monk (voice)
| Episode: "The Frog Prince"
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]''
| Anansi
| Episode: "[[List of Gargoyles episodes|Mark of the Panther]]"
|-
| 1997
| ''[[Pinky and the Brain]]''
| Murray
| Episode: "[[List of Pinky and the Brain episodes|The Real Life]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''
| Captain Geordi LaForge
| Episode: "[[Timeless (Star Trek: Voyager)|Timeless]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Mister Rogers' Neighborhood]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "1725 - Mister Rogers Talks About Giving and Receiving"
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Becker (TV series)|Becker]]''
| Mr. Haller
| Episode: "[[List of Becker episodes|Beckerethics]]"
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Boomtown (2002 TV series)|Boomtown]]''
| Marvin Lloyd
| Episode: "The Hole-in-the-Wall Gang"
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Family Guy]]''
| Vern (voice), himself (voice)
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2009
| ''The Super Hero Squad Show''
| War Machine (voice)
| Episode: "List of The Super Hero Squad Show episodes|Tales of Suspense"
|-
| 2010
| ''Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!''
| Ghost of LeVar Burton
| Episode: List of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job"
|-
| 2010
| ''[[The Jensen Project]]''
| Kendrick James
| [[Television film]] ([[brokered programming]] from [[Procter & Gamble]]/[[Wal-Mart]])
|-
| 2011, 2014
| ''[[Community (TV series)|Community]]''
| Himself
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2011, 2012, 2014
|''[[The Big Bang Theory]]''
| Himself
| 3 episodes
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Face Off (American TV series)|Face Off]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "Alien Interpreters"
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Rise of the Zombies]]''
| Dr. Dan Halpern
| Television movie
|-
| 2012–2016
| ''[[Transformers: Rescue Bots]]''
| Doc Greene (voice)
| 26 episodes
|-
| 2012–2015
| ''[[Perception (2012 TV series)|Perception]]''
| Paul Haley
| 30 episodes
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Adventure Time]]''
| Bubble (voice)
| Episode: "[[Adventure Time (season 5)|BMO Lost]]"
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)|Hell's Kitchen]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "5 Chefs Compete"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Roots (2016 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| Ephraim
| Episode: "Part 1"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Miles from Tomorrowland]]''
| Dr. Consilium
| Episode: "The First Day of Galactic School/Miles Underwater"
|-
| 2017
| ''[[OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| Episode: "The Power Is Yours"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Explained (TV series)|Explained]]''
| Himself (narrator)
| Episode: "Extraterrestrial Life"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[NCIS: New Orleans]]''
| Rufus Nero
| Episode: "X"
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Weird City (TV series)|Weird City]]''
| Dr. Negari
| Episode: "The One"
|-
|2020
|''[[The Eric Andre Show]]''
|Himself
|Episode: "The ASAP Ferg Show"
|-
|2021
|''[[Nancy Drew (2019 TV series)|Nancy Drew]]''
|Barclay (voice)
|Episode: "The Celestial Visitor"
|-
|2021
|''[[Jeopardy!]]''
|Guest Host
|5 episodes, Season 37
|}

===Other work===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1986
| "[[Word Up! (song)|Word Up!]]"
| Detective
| Music video by the funk group [[Cameo (band)|Cameo]]
|}

===Director===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 1993–1999
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''
| 10 episodes
|-
| 1995–2001
| ''Star Trek: Voyager''
| 8 episodes
|-
| 1998
| ''The Tiger Woods Story''
| Alternative title: ''Son, Hero, and Champion''
|-
| 1998–2006
| ''Charmed''
| 3 episodes
|-
| 1999
| ''Smart House (film)''
| Television movie
|-
| 2000–2004
| ''Soul Food (TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2001–2005
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise''
| 9 episodes
|-
| 2003
| ''Blizzard''
| Film
|-
| 2003
| ''JAG (TV series)''
| Episode: "Pulse Rate"
|-
| 2005
| ''Miracle's Boys''
| Episode: "Free Day"
|-
| 2006
| ''Las Vegas (TV series)''
| Episode: "Meatball Montecito"
|-
| 2008
| ''Reach for Me''
| Film
|-
| 2014
| ''Perception (U.S. TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2017–2020
| ''NCIS: New Orleans''
| 8 episodes
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Burton, LeVar}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000996/ LeVar Burton at the IMDb database]
*[https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/LeVar_Burton Memory-alpha Fandom]

Star Trek franchise

2021-10-04T04:45:32Z

Technotronical: /* The series */ Updated Episode number counts per series and linked to new LeVar Burton page

''This article is an overview of all the Star Trek productions. For the original television series, see [[Star Trek: The Original Series]]''
[[Image:startrektoscast.jpg|thumb|right|The crew of the Enterprise from the original 1960s show.]]
The '''''Star Trek'' franchise''' began with ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'', a television series produced by [[Gene Roddenberry]] (1966–69), and includes four other TV series and several movies.
These [[television]] series and [[movie]]s are set in a science fantasy future when mankind is exploring the [[galaxy]] in spaceships and encountering other sentient inhabitants of the galaxy.

''Star Trek'' has a large following among fans (known as "Trekkies"), with books, magazines, websites, and conventions.

== The series ==

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
! Series name || Original air dates || Number of episodes
|-
| ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'' (TOS) || 1966-1969 || style="text-align:right" | 80  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' (TAS) || 1973-1974 || style="text-align:right" | 22  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (TNG) || 1987-1994 || style="text-align:right" | 178  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' (DS9) || 1993-1999 || style="text-align:right" | 176  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Voyager'' (VOY) || 1995-2001 || style="text-align:right" | 172  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' (ENT) || 2001-2005 || style="text-align:right" | 98  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Discovery'' (DSC) || 2017-present || style="text-align:right" | 53  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Short Treks'' (ST) || 2018-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Picard'' (PIC) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 20+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'' (LD) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 30  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' (PRO) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Strange New Worlds'' (SNW) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10  
|}

Eight live-action series have been made or announced, plus three animated series. Additionally there are three Star Trek companion series which include: ''After Trek'', ''Star Trek: Short Treks'', and ''The Ready Room''.

=== ''The Original Series'' ===
{{main|Star Trek: The Original Series}}

The [[Star Trek: The Original Series|original series]] has the mostly-[[human]] crew of the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' exploring the galaxy and performing various missions for ''Starfleet'', the authority which controls the ship.
These missions may be diplomatic or defensive, particularly in connection with the hostile races, the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Klingon|Klingon]]s and the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Romulan|Romulan]]s. Joined by Mr. Spock (half-Vulcan- and half-Human) and Dr. McCoy, Capt. James T. Kirk leads the crew of the USS Enterprise on an intergalactic search for new worlds and new civilizations.

Cast
*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura]]

Notable episodes from ''Star Trek: TOS''
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
''The Next Generation'' followed the theme of the original series, but set about 100 years later with a new crew and a new ship, also named the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'', specifically the U.S.S. ''Enterprise''-D. By this time, the Klingons were at peace with the Federation, and the crew included a Klingon security officer Worf, as well as various other non-human races.
Also on the crew was ''Data'', an android.

The Ferengi were introduced, and were initially meant to be villains. However, as the series went on, they became a more comical foe. The Cardassians, who would go on to play a major role in ''Deep Space Nine,'' became villains in the later years of the series. A major foe introduced with this series was the [[Borg]], a "collective" of [[drone]]s, beings from various races who were "assimilated" into the collective.
When encountering another spaceship, the Borg would often introduce themselves with the statement "''"We are the Borg. You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile!''". The "resistance is futile" phrase has since entered popular culture.

The omnipotent character "Q", with his fascination of Captain Picard and putting humanity on trial had an everlasting impact on the series. Q’s appearance in the 1994 series finale titled “All Good Things…” acted as the perfect bookend to the series, which began with “Encounter at Farpoint” in 1987.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard]]
*[[Jonathan Frakes]] as Commander William T. Riker
*[[LeVar Burton]] as Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge
*Michael Dorn as Lieuteanant Worf
*[[Gates McFadden]] as Dr. Beverly Crusher
*Marina Sirtis as Counselor Deanna Troi
*Brent Spiner as Lieuteant Commander Data
*Wil Wheaton as Ensign [[Wesley Crusher]] (Seasons 1-4)
*Denise Crosby as Lieuteant Tasha Yar (Season 1)

=== ''Deep Space Nine'' ===
''Deep Space Nine'' was the fourth Star Trek series and entered production in 1992. It was broadcast in first-run syndication from January 1993 until June 1999.
Unlike each of the other series, ''Deep Space Nine'' was set on a space station near the planet Bajor, about a year before ''Next Generation'' finished its run.
The station, originally built by the Cardassians, was administered by Starfleet and with a mixed Starfleet and Bajoran workforce.

The space station protected the only known stable [[wormhole]] through which ships could pass to another part of the galaxy.
The commanding officer at the rank of commander, rather than captain, for a significant portion of its early run is Benjamin Sisko, who was eventually promoted to captain in the 3rd season episode titled "The Adversary". Other Federation officers assigned were Science Officer Jadzia Dax, Chief Medical officer Julian Bashir.
Miles O'Brien, and later Worf, were two characters imported from TNG. Worf – a major character from TNG – played a large role on DS9.
One of the characters on the space station was a "shape-shifter" named Odo, a being that could assume any form as the chief of station security in the Bajoran Militia. The first officer was a non-starfleet officer in the Bajoran Militia named Kira
Several Next Generation characters also had recurring roles on the show, such as Keiko O'Brien and the Klingon Gowron.

The starship USS Defiant was introduced in season 3, but the station remained the primary setting of the series.

Cast

*Avery Brooks as Commander/Captain Benjamin Sisko
*Rene Auberjonois as Odo
*Nicole de Boer as Ensign/Lieutenant jg Ezri Dax (1998-1999)
*Michael Dorn as Lt. Commander Worf (1995-1999)
*Siddig El Fadil as Doctor Bashir
*Terry Farrell as Lieutenant/Lt. Commander Jadzia Dax (1993-1998)
*Cirroc Lofton as Jake Sisko
*Colm Meaney as Chief O'Brien
*Armin Shimerman as Quark
*Nana Visitor as Major/Colonel Kira

=== ''Voyager'' ===
''Voyager'' was the name of a Starfleet ship that became trapped in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant (with Earth being in the Alpha Quadrant), and the series revolved around the crew's attempts to return home, encountering many new races along the way.
The series was set around the same time as ''Deep Space 9''.

The Intrepid-class Federation starship USS Voyager was a ship built to return to Starfleet's founding principle of scientific exploration. Led by Captain Kathryn Janeway. On the ship's first mission while departing the space station Deep Space 9, which required it to find and capture a Maquis vessel that disappeared into the treacherous Badlands, the crew of Voyager, as well as that of the Maquis ship it was pursuing, were swept clear across the galaxy and deep into the Delta Quadrant. This was the doing of a powerful alien being known as the Caretaker. The seventy thousand light year transit cost the lives of over a dozen crew members including lieutenant commander Cavit, who was Kathryn Janeway's first officer on the newly-commissioned USS Voyager. After his death, Cavit was later replaced as first officer by Chakotay, who was granted the provisional rank of Commander, as a Maquis leader, even though he left Starfleet years earlier, having been stranded with his Maquis crew alongside Voyager in an uncharted part of the galaxy.

The part of the galaxy ''Voyager'' was trapped in was on the far side of the galaxy from which the Borg originated, and they needed to enter the Borg area to return home. For this reason, the Borg is an enemy they encounter numerous times. ''Voyager'' features the Borg more than either ''The Next Generation'' or ''Deep Space Nine'' had.
Additionally, one of the characters who joins the series part way through is "Seven of Nine" (born Annika Hansen), a former Borg drone, originally human, who is largely transformed back into a human, although retaining some of the Borg implants and struggling to adapt to human society, having been assimilated into the Borg at a young age. ''Voyager'' also featured a female captain, Kathryn Janeway.

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway
*Robert Beltran as Commander Chakotay
*Roxann Biggs-Dawson as Lieutenant B'Elanna Torres
*Jennifer Lien as Kes (Seasons 1-3)
*Robert Duncan McNeill as Lieutenant Tom Paris
*Ethan Phillips as Neelix
*Robert Picardo as The Doctor
*Tim Russ as Lieutenant Commander Tuvok
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine (Seasons 4-7)
*Garrett Wang as Ensign Harry Kim

=== ''Enterprise'' ===
[[Image:Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek Enterprise with Scott Bakula.jpg|thumb|300px|Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek: Enterprise as he poses with Scott Bakula in 2002]]
''Enterprise'' is set roughly a century prior to ''The Original Series'', at a time when the United Federation of Planets has not yet been formed, and when humans are first starting to travel well beyond Earth, and develop much of the technology that would be common-place in series set later. The mostly-human crew Under the command of United Earth Starfleet is led by Captain Archer, "Trip" Tucker, Reed, Mayweather, and communications officer Hoshi Sato, who travel in a ship also named ''Enterprise''. The other main crew members, not in Starfleet and not human are a Vulcan science officer named T'Pol and a Denobulan doctor named Phlox. The ship formally known as Enterprise NX-01 served a more diplomatic role in the service of United Earth, easing relations between the Vulcans, the Andorians, and the Tellarites, thereby also paving the way toward a Coalition of Planets, an alliance that would lead to the founding of the United Federation of Planets.

The 57th episode of the series in the 3rd season, titled “Exile”, directed by former ''Star Trek: Voyager'' series regular Roxann Dawson, First aired October 15, 2003. This was the first episode and remaining point in a Star Trek series to air in high definition format. Enterprise accomplished a number of technical firsts for a Star Trek series. The series was also the first to be produced in widescreen format.

As opposed to other series, ''Enterprise'' had a more rag-tag, blue collar feel to it. The best example of this can be seen in its theme song, ''Where My Heart Will Take Me'', by Russell Watson.

Cast

*Scott Bakula as Capt. Jonathan Archer
*John Billingsley as Dr. Phlox
*Jolene Blalock as Sub-Cmdr. T'Pol
*Dominic Keating as Lt. Malcolm Reed
*Anthony Montgomery as Ensign Travis Mayweather
*Linda Park as Ensign Hoshi Sato
*Connor Trinneer as Cmdr. Charles 'Trip' Tucker III

=== ''Discovery''===
''Discovery'' is set a decade before ''The Original Series''. It follows a war between the Klingons and the Federation. The crew of the USS Discovery investigate seven mysterious red signals spread across 30,000 lightyears. Michael Burnham herself set all seven red signals. The Red Angel suit was the centerpiece of the Section 31 Daedalus Project and is capable of a giant electromagnetic pulse. Time crystals used to fuel the suit proved hard to procure, but a young Section 31 operative named Leland learns that one such crystal was being sold on the black market near an Orion outpost and managed to steal it. The time crystal was brought to Doctari Alpha, where a scheduled nearby supernova would provide the energy for a test. With the suit on the verge of being tested, the Klingons attacked the outpost after tracking the crystal. The Burnhams, along with young Michael Burnham in 2236 stationed on the outpost by Leland, were believed killed in the attack, which was later described as a Klingon terror raid. Michael Burnham was then raised on Vulcan by Sarek and Amanda Grayson along with foster brothers Spock and Sybok and was the first Human to ever attend the Vulcan Learning Center.

The story of Discovery follows female 23rd century Human Starfleet officer Michael Burnham, Jr. As a commander, she served as the first officer aboard the USS Shenzhou in 2256 who is then stripped of rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for mutiny, but she gained a second chance when she was assigned to the USS Discovery as a specialist. In collaboration with Tilly and Paul Stamets, Burnham discovered the tardigrade's connection to the mycelial network, which enabled the full utilization of a spore drive in order to stop the Klingon attack on Corvan II.

Control, Section 31's threat assessment system relying on artificial intelligence would ultimately betray Starfleet and massacre the crew of Section 31 Headquarters later possessing Leland who tries to kill Burnham and her team. Control was finally dismantled and neutralized, and the USS Discovery traveled 930 years into the future to prevent it from reasserting itself.

Cast
*Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham
*Doug Jones as Saru
*Anthony Rapp as Paul Stamets
*Mary Wiseman as Sylvia Tilly
*Emily Coutts as Lt. Keyla Detmer
*Oyin Oladejo as Lt. Joann Owosekun
*Shazad Latif as Ash Tyler / Voq
*Patrick Kwok-Choon as Lt. Gen Rhys
*Ronnie Rowe as Lt. R.A. Bryce
*Sara Mitich as Airiam (Season 1) / Lt. Nilsson (Season 2)
*Wilson Cruz as Dr. Hugh Culber
*Michelle Yeoh as Philippa Georgiou / Philippa Georgiou (mirror universe)

===''Picard''===
''Picard'' is set in the year 2399, 20 years after the events of ''Star Trek Nemesis.'' Jean-Luc Picard, who had been promoted to Admiral in the years since ''Nemesis,'' is now retired and running his family's vineyard in France. However, when a young woman named Dahj Asha comes to ask for his help, he returns to Starfleet to ask for help, but doesn't get their suppport.

Picard finds reason to believe Dahj is connected to former android Data and feels compelled to help her, but while visiting Starfleet headquarters for support, she is killed by a mysterious force outside the facility.

On an abandoned Borg cube known as the Artifact, Soji Asha (an apparent twin sister of Dahj) works for a Borg Reclamation Project, which is an independent organization operating at this Romulan run Reclamation Site. It was overseen by an executive director, which in 2399 was Hugh, himself a former Borg drone, rescued by Picards Enterprise years ago in Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Without Starfleet's support, Picard is left to recruit a crew of his own: Human cyberneticist Dr. Agnes Jurati, who worked at the Daystrom Institute was recruited out of Starfleet by Bruce Maddox to aid him in his android research. Jurati subsequently appeared at Château Picard in the midst of an attack by Romulan assassins and joins Picard for his mission. Estranged former colleague Raffi Musiker, who once served in Starfleet under Admiral Jean-Luc Picard, helped formulate a new plan to evacuate Romulans from the Romulan supernova after the 2385 Attack on Mars destroyed the Romulan rescue armada pilot. Musiker described her life after Starfleet as "one long slide into humiliation and rage". By 2399, she lived alone in a small house at Vasquez Rocks [[California]] where Picard comes to recruit her for his misson. Cristóbal Rios, former Starfleet commander and first officer of the USS ibn Majid, is recruited by Picard after Picard learns that Rios had become acquainted with Raffi Musiker who says she knows this pilot with his own starship called the La Sirena. Rios, serving with his fully utilized Emergency Hologram basic installation, each of which was programmed in his own image agrees to Picard's terms to aid him in his search for Bruce Maddox.

The young Qowat Milat-trained martial artist Elnor, and a rescued Fenris Ranger Seven of Nine also join Picard and his team, aboard the civilian freighter La Sirena to track Bruce Maddox to Freecloud, believed to be key to finding and protecting Soji. Their fight to protect Soji takes them to the Artifact, Nepenthe, and Coppelius, where Picard and his crew come head to head with the mysterious forces threatening Soji and other forces threatening the galaxy.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard|Jean-Luc Picard]]
*Alison Pill as Dr. Agnes Jurati
*Isa Briones as Soji Asha/ Dahj Asha / Sutra
*Michelle Hurd as Raffi Musiker
*Santiago Cabrera as Cristóbal Rios
*Harry Treadaway as Narek
*Evan Evagora as Elnor
*Peyton List as Lieutenant Narissa Rizzo
*Tamlyn Tomita as Commodore Oh
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine

===''Lower Decks''===
''Lower Decks'' is the second series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', with episodes running half an hour. The show takes place aboard the California-class USS Cerritos on the "lower decks". The show's time period is described as the The Next Generation era, more specifically 2380, after Star Trek Nemesis. The series follows the support crew of Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford, and Tendi on the lower decks and their contributions, often comically, to help the the command crew of the USS Cerritos.

The support crew serving on one of Starfleet's least important ships, the U.S.S. Cerritos, have to keep up with their duties, even when distracted by their endeavors to rarely go where no one has gone before. Yet often while the ship is being rocked by a multitude of sci-fi anomalies. Ensign Boimler, who is supposed to be on shore leave, is discovered by Ensign Mariner in a storage closet pretending to do a captains log when she tries to pry the PADD out of his hands to listen to it as an example of their friendship and uncharismatic moments as they grow as officers in Starfleet.

Cast
*Tawny Newsome as Ensign Beckett Mariner
*Jack Quaid as Ensign Brad Boimler
*Noël Wells as Ensign D'Vana Tendi
*Eugene Cordero as Ensign Samanthan "Sam" Rutherford
*Dawnn Lewis as Captain Carol Freeman
*Jerry O'Connell as Commander Jack Ransom
*Fred Tatasciore as Lieutenant Shaxs (Season 1)
*Gillian Vigman as Dr. T'Ana

===''Prodigy''===
''Prodigy'' is the third series to be entirely animated, after ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', and ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'', with episodes running half an hour. ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' will air on Nickelodeon in 2021 and focus on a group of lawless teenage characters finding a derelict Starfleet ship which they use to "search for adventure, meaning and salvation".

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway

===''Strange New Worlds''===
''Strange New Worlds'' will follow Captain Pike, Science Officer Spock, and Number One in the decade before Captain Kirk boarded the USS Enterprise, as they explore new worlds around the galaxy. With episodes running one hour, SNW will air on Paramount Plus streaming service.

Cast

*Anson Mount as Christopher Pike
*Ethan Peck as Spock
*Rebecca Romijn as Una, also known as Number One

== The Movies ==
[[Image:Ricardo Montalban as Khan behind the scenes unlicensed picture.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ricardo Montalban as Khan in [[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)]]]]
Twelve ''Star Trek'' movies have been produced. ''Star Trek I-VI'' follow the original cast after the events of the original series. ''Star Trek: Generations'' to ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' follow the cast of ''The Next Generation'' (although ''Generations'' featured William Shatner, James Doohan and Walter Koenig). A common trend for the first ten films is the even numbered films tend to be better received critically than the odd numbered films. However, ''Star Trek Nemesis'', the tenth film, was not well-received. ''Star Trek'', ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', and ''Star Trek Beyond'' act as reboots and prequels to the original series. The films are referred to as "The Kelvin Timeline."<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/27/bye-bye-abramsverse-alternate-star-trek-timeline-gets-official-name/</ref> They are also more action-oriented, and are said by many to be similar to ''Star Wars'' in that sense. They also act as sequels, as an older version of Spock appears in both films, coming from the year 2387, eight years after the events of ''Star Trek: Nemesis.''

{| class="wikitable"
!Movie Name || Date of Release || MPAA Rating
|-
|''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' || December 7, 1979 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' || June 4, 1982 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (film, 1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' || June 1, 1984 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' || November 26, 1986 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' || June 9, 1989 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' || December 6, 1991 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Generations'' || November 18, 1994 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: First Contact'' || November 22, 1996 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || December 11, 1998 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || December 13, 2002 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek'' || May 8, 2009 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Into Darkness'' || May 16, 2013 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond'' || July 22, 2016 || PG-13
|-
|}

== Extraterrestrial life ==
{{main|Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek}}

The drama of the shows typically arises from the crew's contact with various forms of [[extraterrestrial life]], mostly, but not always, [[humanoid]] (e.g. the "Crystalline Entity"). In various ways, the [[premise]] of the [[ancient astronaut theory]] is used to assert the seeding of [[life]] throughout the [[galaxy]] as brought up in ''The Next Generation'', although not to the overt extent of a later, unrelated, TV series, ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''.

== Religion in ''Star Trek'' ==
As a [[humanist]], Gene Roddenberry infused ''Star Trek'' with humanism's dream of a world (or galaxy in this case) where humanity (and many other intelligent beings) were constantly improving the life quality of all beings both through improving technology and improving societal conditions.
People worked together for the common good, rather than for money, and without any class or other distinctions.
This is a small part of what is expected in the Christian view of [[heaven]], except that humanism believes that mankind can achieve this through its own efforts, rather than with the help of God. In reality, however, God is needed for humanity to reach its full potential.

Roddenberry rarely had the shows overtly reject religion, although some episodes would make reference to it as a part of culture. For instance in an episode with a man who could not die, it was noted that in one of his personas in Earth history he had been [[Lazarus]] (who [[Jesus]] raised from the dead). In another episode, a virtual clone of Earth where the [[Roman Empire]] never fell was now chasing down followers of "the son" (which the crew mistook to be "sun") and their message of peace and love instead of violence and oppression.

Roddenberry's initial concept of ''Star Trek'' included a man with pointed ears, angles eyebrows, a tail, and red skin to be the captain's (Kirk's) second in command. This was an intentional imitation of the cultural depiction of Satan. However, others advised him to tone this down lest the Christian population be offended, and he did so. The result was Spock and all other Vulcans.

Later series, under the control of other producers particularly after Roddenberry died, also brought religious concepts into the show, but seldom with the same direct references to Christianity, but rather to more generic religious thought.

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
An episode of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' has one major example of anti-religion bias. The third-season episode entitled "Who Watches the Watchers," implies that an alien culture discarding religious beliefs is a positive development.
In the episode "Tapestry", Captain Picard dies and goes to the "afterlife" where he meets his erstwhile adversary "Q", who implies that he is God. Picard refuses to believe this, and makes a comment that "The Universe is not so badly run." However the majority of episodes remain silent on religion. In another episode where the ship is trapped and an alien will perform experiments that will kill up to half the crew, Picard discusses with "Data" (actually the alien in disguise) what happens after one dies and says some believe in a god who keeps them in their present form forever and others believe that this is all there is. When questioned further, he says that he finds the universe is too orderly to believe that this is all there is and thinks that we will go on existing in a reality that we cannot currently comprehend.<ref>Episode [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Where_Silence_Has_Lease Where Silence has Lease] on Memory-Alpha.</ref><ref>[http://tng.trekcore.com/episodes/scripts/128.txt Episode Script]</ref>

=== Bajoran religion ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' included religion more than any other series. An overarching theme of the series was the relation of the main character, Captain Benjamin Sisko, to the Bajoran religion in his role as the emissary to the Bajoran prophets. The prophets were beings who lived in a stable wormhole (a unique phenomenon in the ''Star Trek'' universe referred to by the Bajorans as the Celestial Temple) that perceived all of time as a single event with no concept of past, present, or future. Despite their immense dissimilarity to other races in the galaxy, the Prophets took unusual interest in Bajor, sending "orbs" which were used as tools of prophecy by the Bajoran clergy, and in Sisko who it is revealed exists solely to fulfill a predetermined historical path in an Armageddon-like showdown as the avatar of the prophets against the Pah Wraiths (aliens like the Prophets who were expelled from the Celestial Temple).

=== Other religions ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' also had the Dominion, in which the Founders (shape-shifting aliens sometimes called Changelings) are treated as living gods by the races under their control.

In ''Star Trek: Voyager'', the first officer (Commander Chakotay) repeatedly speaks of and engages in seeking guidance from his "spirit guide." He also introduces others to his pagan belief, including Captain Janeway. He is also able to speak with the dead, such as his father. In the series, this is shown as an interesting but harmless ability, although Christians recognize it to be a representation of demonic activity. As well as being interspersed with other themes in a variety of episodes, almost an entire episode was also dedicated to this religion.

The Klingon religion in various series suggests that the first Klingons realized they had no need for their gods, and killed them, although they still hold to an afterlife where the honorable dead join with the deified Kahless and the dishonorable dead are forced to spend eternity on the Barge of the Dead with the demon-like figure Fecklarr.

The Ferengi (mainly in ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'') had a religion of sorts based on the concept of The Great River (as shown in "Faith, Treachery and The Great River"), which was similar to "[[The invisible hand]]" a phrase coined by [[Adam Smith]]. Ferengi also hold that if they achieve enough profit during their lives, they will meet the Blessed Exchequer who will grant them access to the Divine Treasury, whereas an unsuccessful Ferengi may find himself left in the Vault of Eternal Destitution.

== Political themes ==
Producer Gene Roddenberry emphasized his "utopian vision" of humanity's future. Following this vision, humanity is considered to have achieved perfection in ''Star Trek''. This includes overcoming greed, hate, jealousy, as well as ethnic and national rivalries.<ref name=walker>Walker, J., [http://thiswastv.com/2012/08/29/same-as-it-ever-was-star-trek-after-gene-roddenberry/ Same As It Ever Was?: Star Trek After Gene Roddenberry], ''This Was Television''</ref> In the original series, this vision is illustrated by the use a Russian man and a black woman as regular minor characters (Chekov and Uhura). The Federation's charter, in fact, was a word-for-word copy of the United Nations charter, and by extension, the constitution for the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]].<ref>[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views</ref>

Negative characteristics are generally found only in alien races. In a typical episode, one alien race is trying to enslave another, and the ''Enterprise'' intervenes to restore balance. The principle of equality is thus applied universally, with the Declaration of Independence sometimes mentioned explicitly.<ref>"The Omega Glory", March 1, 1968. Watch Kirk read the Declaration of Independence [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3b56e0u0EgQ here]. It's with feeling; He is obviously an American.</ref> In these episodes, the Federation stands in for the United States, while the villain species stands in for Communists or Nazis.<ref name=Cantor>Cantor, Paul A., ''Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization'', p. 46.</ref> In other episodes, an alien species is used to comment on imperfections in contemporary America. One episode depicts a species divided into two races by skin color.<ref>“Let This Be Your Last Battlefield”, Jan. 10, 1969.</ref> For one race, the left side is white, and right side is black. For the other race, these colors are reversed.<ref name=Cantor/>

In the original series, the military nature of Starfleet combined with the need for adventure and dramatic conflict were sufficient to limit the influence of Roddenberry's left-wing views. These episodes were recorded prior to the feminist era, so gender relations are according to nature and tradition. The early seasons of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' suffered severely from the Roddenberry vision. For example, the character Q was used to parody God. Roddenberry's skeptical view of religion was detailed in several dialogs between Q and Picard.<ref name=walker /> As Roddenberry's health declined, Rick Berman's influence grew. He was promoted to executive producer during the third season of TNG. ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', a Berman creation, broke with the Roddenberry vision in several ways. It included various flawed human characters, and we learned that Starfleet has a secret agency called Section 31 that was responsible for various atrocities.<ref name=walker />

As the citizens of the Federation have access to goods in unlimited supply, it does not have a conventional economy. However, various characters are depicted as running small businesses such as vineyards or restaurants, presumably just for the fun of it.<ref>Yglesias, Matthew, “[http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/11/18/star_trek_economy_federation_is_only_mostly_post_scarcity.html The Star Trek Economy: (Mostly) Post-Scarcity (Mostly) Socialism]", ''Slate''. Nov. 18, 2013.</ref> On the issue of money, the show is inconsistent. Some episodes claim that the Federation has abolished money, others depict Federation citizens bartering for latinum, the Ferengi currency. The Ferengi are traders and businessmen and have an unfettered free market economy. Although it is never made clear what kind of economy the Federation itself has, the Ferengi and other races are depicted as envious of it.<ref>See e.g. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hdiuRMK3UQ this video].</ref>

== Relationship views ==
In addition to his views on religion and politics, Roddenberry had controversial views on relationships. A kiss between Kirk ([[William Shatner]]) and Uhura ([[Nichelle Nichols]]) was aired in 1968.<ref>“Plato’s Stepchildren,” Nov. 22, 1968.</ref> This is generally considered the first interracial kiss on American television, although Sammy Davis Jr. did give Nancy Sinatra a peck on the check almost a year earlier.<ref>''Movin' with Nancy'', Dec. 11, 1967.</ref><ref>Miss Cellania, "[http://www.neatorama.com/2013/04/10/TVs-First-Interracial-Kiss/#!rjF17 TV's First Interracial Kiss]”, ''Neatorama'', April 10, 2013.</ref> Picard and Lily had an interracial kiss in ''Star Trek: First Contact'' (1996), although this was only a brief goodbye kiss.

Roddenberry was also supportive of same-sex relationships, and wanted to integrate homosexual characters into his second series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', reasoning that by the 24th century "no one would care." According to his personal assistant, Ernie Over, "'''He had an agenda (see [[homosexual agenda]]), which was to get gay people onto 'Star Trek.'"'''<ref name=salon>https://www.salon.com/2001/06/30/gay_trek/</ref> However, this proposal was met with resistance by [[Paramount Television]], who reasoned that because the show would eventually be syndicated, it would be accessible to young children for whom such material would be extremely inappropriate. There are some hints of Roddenberry's in early episodes of ''TNG'', such as the notorious background extras wearing skirts.<ref>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/en/images/e/ee/Man_in_a_skant.jpg Here] is an image.</ref>

An early episode of ''TNG'', "Blood and Fire," was intended to be an allegory for AIDS and was to feature homosexual characters. It was never produced, but went on to be used in the fan-produced ''Star Trek: Phase II''.<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/09/11/tv-legends-revealed-star-trek-tng-wouldnt-air-episode-with-gay-crewmen/</ref> Roddenberry repeatedly promised to broach the issue in later seasons but never did before his death. Notably, Whoopi Goldberg attempted to use [[politically correct]], gender-neutral language when explaining sexuality but was rebuffed. She said, "This show is beyond that. It should be 'When two people are in love.'" And so it was decided on set that one of the tables in the background should have two men holding hands — or two women, or whatever. But someone ran to a phone and made a call to the Paramount production office and that was nixed. [Producer] David Livingston came down and made sure that didn't happen."<ref name=salon />

Despite the absence of major homosexual characters, several story lines have indirectly depicted homosexual and other relationships in a positive, or at the very least ambiguous light. For example, in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', Commander William Riker (presumed heterosexual from a previous relationship with Deanna Troi) falls in love with an individual from an androgynous race.<ref>''The Outcast'', originally aired Mar. 16, 1992.</ref>
In ''DS9'', Lieutenant Commander Jadzia Dax (a [[Trill]], a being comprising a humanoid host of a member of another, asexual, species) briefly resumes a relationship with a wife from a previous lifetime (a male host of the same symbiont), and they are shown kissing on screen.<ref>''Rejoined'', originally aired Oct. 30, 1995.</ref>

According to Ira Steven Behr, DS9's showrunner, "I know they got a lot of negative feedback, which only goes to prove a point I always believed in, which is that science fiction fans and '''''Star Trek'' fans are much more [[conservative]] than people want to believe, and this whole Gene Roddenberry [[liberal]] Humanistic vision is truly not shared by a significant portion of them.'''"<ref>''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - The Official Poster Magazine'', issue 5 (credit to Memory Alpha for finding the quote)</ref> As of 2013 with the release of ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' no openly gay characters have been featured and the [[liberal]] media consider this "a glaring double standard."<ref>https://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-lgbt-gay-characters/</ref> However, prior to 2016's ''Star Trek Beyond,'' it was revealed that Sulu will be gay. George Takei said that while he was glad that a gay character will be featured in the film, he felt the move interfered with Roddenberry's original vision.

== Pedophilia and hard-core Star Trek fans ==

Ellen Ladowsky wrote in ''Huffington Post'':
{{Cquote|The ''LA Times'' recently ran a story about the Child Exploitation Section of the Toronto Sex Crimes Unit, which contained a mind-boggling statistic: of the more than 100 offenders the unit has arrested over the last four years, "all but one" has been "a hard-core Trekkie." Blogger Ernest Miller thought this claim was improbable. "I could go to a science fiction convention," he explained "and be less likely to find that 99+ percent of the attendees were hard-core Trekkies." While there may be quibbling about the exact numbers, the Toronto detectives claim that the connection is undeniable.

In fact, Star Trek paraphernalia has so routinely been found at the homes of the pedophiles they've arrested that it has become a gruesome joke in the squad room. (On the wall, there is a Star Trek poster with the detectives' faces replacing those of the crew members). This does not mean that watching Star Trek makes you a pedophile. It does mean that if you're a pedophile, odds are you've watched a lot of Star Trek.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ellen-ladowsky/pedophilia-and-star-trek_b_5857.html Pedophilia and Star Trek fans]</ref>}}

== Institutions ==
The ''United Federation of Planets'' is the multi-world government based on [[Earth]], and under which auspices Starfleet operates.

''Starfleet'' is the exploratory and defensive organisation which operates the various starships.

The ''Academy'' is where Starfleet officers and crew are trained.

== Technology ==
The universe of ''Star Trek'' has an array of advanced technology, some of which has foreshadowed real developments.
This technology includes computer speech recognition, atom-level fabrication, massive energy production, and faster-than-light travel.

All Starfleet members from the time of ''The Next Generation'' on wear broach-size devices on their uniforms which allow instant two-way communication between crew-members or between the crew-member and the ship's computer.

The transporters, being developed at the time of ''Enterprise'', disassemble and reassemble inanimate and animate things, including people, allowing them to be transported over moderate distances. For example, transporters are frequently used to send people from a spaceship in orbit to the surface of a planet and return.

Replicators, introduced in ''The Next Generation'' use similar technology to fabricate inanimate objects from a molecular or atomic level. This includes spare parts for the ships. Specialized food replicators can fabricate a wide variety of food, which is suitable for everyday use, but can on occasions not be quite as good as the real thing.

Holodecks and holosuites (the latter on ''Deep Space Nine'') are rooms containing holoprojectors that project holographic images with solidity, allowing people to interact with the images. A computer controls the images, which includes holographic people who appear just like real people.
The ''Voyager'' series introduced an "emergency medical hologram", a holographic doctor which could be activated in the case of an emergency.
In this case, the ship's real doctor was killed, and the holographic doctor was a regular character, with enhanced abilities including being able to activate and deactivate himself.
He also managed to acquire a portable holographic projector that he could wear, allowing him to leave the confines of the ship's sick bay and its fixed holographic projectors.

Phasers are the classic "ray gun", emitting a beam that, depending on the setting, was capable of stunning or killing the person on the receiving end.

Tricorders were hand-held devices combining the functions of a computer, communicator, and laboratory for sensing and testing objects.
Specialized medical tricorders were also used by medical officers.

Warp drives allow spaceships to travel vast distances by creating a sub-space "bubble" around the ship, allowing faster-than-light travel, a necessity when travelling around the galaxy as part of a day's work.

== The Prime Directive ==
Starfleet had The Prime Directive, first introduced in ''Star Trek: The Original Series'', which said that its personnel should not interfere with the natural progression of a species. The directive sometimes clashed with morality or common sense and on many occasions was ignored by Starfleet officers. There was also a Temporal Prime Directive, introduced in ''Star Trek: Voyager'', which said that when going into the past (by various means) they should not try to alter the course of history. When someone from Starfleet (or elsewhere) violated the directive, officers were justified in working to stop them as long as they did not violate the directive themselves. The plot point of the Prime Directive was largely created as a response to the Vietnam War by Gene L. Coon, with the intended message being to denounce American involvement in the war.

== ''Star Trek'' in culture ==
[[image:284699main image 1204 946-710.jpg|thumb|Gene Roddenberry and original series cast members at the launch of the space shuttle ''Enterprise''.]]
Various concepts from Star Trek have entered popular culture, including the following:
* The [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Vulcan|Vulcan]] greeting, ''Live long and prosper''.
* The [[Borg]] warning that ''resistance is futile''.
* The [[Klingon]] language has been developed as a complete [[constructed language|artificial language]].
* The first [[space shuttle]], ''Enterprise'', was named for the ship in [[Star Trek (original series)|the original series]].

==See also==
* [[Charlie X]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/16/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-tarnished-jubilee-intro/ Star Trek: a tarnished jubilee (Intro)] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/17/editorial/entertainment/communism-star-trek-economy/ Communism: the Star Trek economy] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/19/editorial/entertainment/philosophy-theology-star-trek/ Philosophy and theology in Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/20/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-science-controversies/ Star Trek science controversies] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/21/editorial/entertainment/future-star-trek/ Future in, and of, Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views

The author of these articles has republished them to Conservapedia in essay form, as follows:

*Essay 1: [[Essay:Star Trek: A Tarnished Jubilee|''Star Trek'': A Tarnished Jubilee]]
*Essay 2: [[Essay:Communism: the Star Trek economy|Communism: the ''Star Trek'' economy]]
*Essay 3: [[Essay:Articles of Federation|Articles of Federation]]
*Essay 4: [[Essay:Philosophy and Theology in Star Trek|Philosophy and theology in ''Star Trek'']]
*Essay 5: [[Essay:Star Trek Science Controversies|Scientific controversies]]
*Essay 6: [[Essay:Future in and of Star Trek|The future in, and of, ''Star Trek'']]

[[Category:Star Trek| ]]

LeVar Burton

2021-10-04T02:34:28Z

Technotronical: Created page LeVar BURTON WITH FILMOGRAPHY AND EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION SECTIONS

{{Infobox person
|name=LeVar Burton
(American film, television actor, author 
Best known for his ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=
|birth_place= Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
|birth_date=February 16, 1957
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Stephanie Cozart Burton
}}
'''LeVar Burton''' (born February 16, 1957) in Landstuhl, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany as Levardis Robert Martyn Burton Jr. Burton is an [[American]] actor, director, author, podcaster and television host, best known for his portrayal of Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge in [[Star Trek: The Next Generation]] (1987–1994) also directing a number of television episodes for various iterations of Star Trek, and as host of the [[PBS]] Kids educational television series Reading Rainbow for more than 23 years (1983–2006), for which he has received 12 Daytime Emmy Awards, and a Peabody Award as host and executive producer of the show. He has also portrayed the central character Kunta Kinte / Toby in the hit Emmy award wining miniseries “Roots” first aired on [[ABC]] in January 1977. Burton has been nominated for 3 Prime time Emmy's first in 1977, then in 1996, and last in 2016. Another 22 wins & 27 nominations. In November 1990 Burton was awarded a star on the Hollywood walk of fame for his work in the field of television. LeVar Burton married Stephanie Cozart Burton, a professional make-up artist, on October 3, 1992. Burton has two children, son Eian Burton Smith and daughter Michaela "Mica" Jean Burton.

==Early life and Education==
Burton was born at the U.S. Army Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in [[West Germany]]. His mother, Erma Gene (née Christian), was a social worker, administrator, and educator. His father, Levardis Robert Martyn Burton, was a photographer for the [[U.S. Army]] Signal Corps at the time he was stationed at Landstuhl. Burton and his two sisters were raised by his mother in [[Sacramento, California]].

Burton was raised [[Roman Catholic]] and, at the age of 13, entered St. Pius X Minor [[Seminary]] in Galt, [[California]], to become a [[priest]].
At the age of 13, Burton entered a Catholic seminary to study for the [[priesthood]] but ultimately decided to pursue an acting career instead, graduating from the [[University of Southern California|University of Southern California's (USC)]] School of Theater.

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Film
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976
| ''Almos' a Man''
| Dave
| Alternative title: ''Richard Wright's Almos' a Man''
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Looking for Mr. Goodbar (film)|Looking for Mr. Goodbar]]''
| Cap Jackson
|
|-
| 1977
| ''Billy: Portrait of a Street Kid''
| Billy Peoples
| Ghetto child
|-
| 1978
| ''[[One in a Million: The Ron LeFlore Story]]''
| Ron LeFlore
| Alternative title: ''The Man of Passion''
|-
| 1978
| ''Battered''
| Andrew Sinclair
|
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Dummy (1979 film)|Dummy]]''
| Donald Lang
|
|-
| 1980
| ''[[The Hunter (1980 film)|The Hunter]]''
| Tommy Price
|
|-
| 1981
| ''The Acorn People''
| Rodney
|
|-
| 1981
| ''[[Grambling's White Tiger]]''
| Charles 'Tank' Smith
|
|-
| 1983
| ''Emergency Room''
| Ray Walden
|
|-
| 1984
| ''Booker''
| Davis
|
|-
| 1985
| ''And the Children Shall Lead''
| Glenn Scott
| Alternative title: ''PBS Wonderworks: And The Children Shall Lead''
|-
| 1985
| ''[[The Midnight Hour]]''
| Vinnie Davis
| Alternative title: ''In The Midnight Hour''
|-
| 1986
| ''[[The Supernaturals (film)|The Supernaturals]]''
| Private Michael Osgood
|
|-
| 1986
| ''Liberty''
| Robert Johnson
|
|-
| 1987
| ''A Special Friendship''
| Ben Summer
|
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Roots: The Gift]]''
| Kunta Kinte
| Alternative title: ''A Roots Christmas: Kunta Kinte's Gift''
|-
| 1993
| ''Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland''
| Fire Chief J. Alan Mathers
| Alternative title: ''Firestorm: A Catastrophe In Oakland''
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Parallel Lives]]''
| Dr. Franklin Carter
|
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Star Trek Generations]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Yesterday's Target''
| Winstrom
|
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Star Trek: First Contact]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Insurrection]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 1999
| ''[[Our Friend, Martin]]''
| Martin, Age 26 (voice)
|
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Dancing in September]]''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Ali (film)|Ali]]''
| [[Martin Luther King Jr.|Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.]]
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]''
| Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge
|
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Blizzard (film)|Blizzard]]''
| Night Watchman Elf
| Also director
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Reach for Me]]''
| Nathaniel
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Taken in Broad Daylight]]''
| Mike Timbrook
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Superman/Batman Public Enemies]]''
| [[Black Lightning|Jefferson Pierce/Black Lightning]] (voice)
|
|-
| 2011
| ''And They're Off''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2015
| ''Practice Makes Perfect''
| Principal Healy
|
|-
| 2018
| ''[[In Saturn's Rings]]''
| Narrator
| Documentary
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1976–1979
| ''[[Rebop (TV series)|Rebop]]''
| Host
|
|-
| 1977
| ''[[Roots (1977 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| [[Kunta Kinte]]
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1978
| ''[[California Jam II]]''
| Himself
| TV Special. Interviewed as guest attendee
|-
| 1980
| ''[[Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones]]''
| Richard Jefferson
| TV miniseries
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Trapper John, M.D.]]''
| Luther Peacock
| Episode: "[[List of Trapper John, M.D. episodes|A Piece of the Action]]"
|-
| 1983
| ''[[Fantasy Island]]''
| Edward Ross Jr.
| Episode: "[[List of Fantasy Island episodes|Edward/The Extraordinary Miss Jones]]"
|-
| 1983–2006
| ''[[Reading Rainbow]]''
| Host
| 155 episodes
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Jesse Owens Story]]''
| Professor Preston
| Television movie
|-
| 1984
| ''[[The Love Boat]]''
| Darnell
| Episode: "[[List of The Love Boat episodes|Love is Blind]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Murder, She Wrote]]''
| Reporter Dave Robinson
| Episode: "[[List of Murder, She Wrote episodes|Death Take a Dive]]"
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Houston Knights]]''
| Jason Evans
| Episode: "Bad Girl"
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| [[Geordi La Forge|Lt. Commander Geordi La Forge]]
| 178 episodes
|-
| 1990–1996
| ''[[Captain Planet and the Planeteers]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| 113 episodes
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''
| Hayden Sloane/Hatter Henchman (voice)
| Episode: "[[List of Batman: The Animated Series episodes|The Worry Men]]"
|-
| 1993-1999
| [[PBS Kids|PTV]]
| Pernell (voice)
| Leader of the P-Pals
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Christy (TV series)|Christy]]''
| Daniel Scott
| 7 episodes
|-
| 1995
|''[[Deadly Games]]''
| Mr. Metcalf
| Episode: "The Boss"
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child]]''
| Monk (voice)
| Episode: "The Frog Prince"
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]''
| Anansi
| Episode: "[[List of Gargoyles episodes|Mark of the Panther]]"
|-
| 1997
| ''[[Pinky and the Brain]]''
| Murray
| Episode: "[[List of Pinky and the Brain episodes|The Real Life]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Star Trek: Voyager]]''
| Captain Geordi LaForge
| Episode: "[[Timeless (Star Trek: Voyager)|Timeless]]"
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Mister Rogers' Neighborhood]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "1725 - Mister Rogers Talks About Giving and Receiving"
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Becker (TV series)|Becker]]''
| Mr. Haller
| Episode: "[[List of Becker episodes|Beckerethics]]"
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Boomtown (2002 TV series)|Boomtown]]''
| Marvin Lloyd
| Episode: "The Hole-in-the-Wall Gang"
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Family Guy]]''
| Vern (voice), himself (voice)
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2009
| ''The Super Hero Squad Show''
| War Machine (voice)
| Episode: "List of The Super Hero Squad Show episodes|Tales of Suspense"
|-
| 2010
| ''Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!''
| Ghost of LeVar Burton
| Episode: List of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job"
|-
| 2010
| ''[[The Jensen Project]]''
| Kendrick James
| [[Television film]] ([[brokered programming]] from [[Procter & Gamble]]/[[Wal-Mart]])
|-
| 2011, 2014
| ''[[Community (TV series)|Community]]''
| Himself
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2011, 2012, 2014
|''[[The Big Bang Theory]]''
| Himself
| 3 episodes
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Face Off (American TV series)|Face Off]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "Alien Interpreters"
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Rise of the Zombies]]''
| Dr. Dan Halpern
| Television movie
|-
| 2012–2016
| ''[[Transformers: Rescue Bots]]''
| Doc Greene (voice)
| 26 episodes
|-
| 2012–2015
| ''[[Perception (2012 TV series)|Perception]]''
| Paul Haley
| 30 episodes
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Adventure Time]]''
| Bubble (voice)
| Episode: "[[Adventure Time (season 5)|BMO Lost]]"
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)|Hell's Kitchen]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "5 Chefs Compete"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Roots (2016 miniseries)|Roots]]''
| Ephraim
| Episode: "Part 1"
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Miles from Tomorrowland]]''
| Dr. Consilium
| Episode: "The First Day of Galactic School/Miles Underwater"
|-
| 2017
| ''[[OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes]]''
| Kwame (voice)
| Episode: "The Power Is Yours"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Explained (TV series)|Explained]]''
| Himself (narrator)
| Episode: "Extraterrestrial Life"
|-
| 2018
| ''[[NCIS: New Orleans]]''
| Rufus Nero
| Episode: "X"
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Weird City (TV series)|Weird City]]''
| Dr. Negari
| Episode: "The One"
|-
|2020
|''[[The Eric Andre Show]]''
|Himself
|Episode: "The ASAP Ferg Show"
|-
|2021
|''[[Nancy Drew (2019 TV series)|Nancy Drew]]''
|Barclay (voice)
|Episode: "The Celestial Visitor"
|-
|2021
|''[[Jeopardy!]]''
|Guest Host
|5 episodes, Season 37
|}

===Other work===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Role
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1986
| "[[Word Up! (song)|Word Up!]]"
| Detective
| Music video by the funk group [[Cameo (band)|Cameo]]
|}

===Director===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Year
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Work
! style="background: #C0C0C0"|Note
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 1993–1999
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''
| 10 episodes
|-
| 1995–2001
| ''Star Trek: Voyager''
| 8 episodes
|-
| 1998
| ''The Tiger Woods Story''
| Alternative title: ''Son, Hero, and Champion''
|-
| 1998–2006
| ''Charmed''
| 3 episodes
|-
| 1999
| ''Smart House (film)''
| Television movie
|-
| 2000–2004
| ''Soul Food (TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2001–2005
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise''
| 9 episodes
|-
| 2003
| ''Blizzard''
| Film
|-
| 2003
| ''JAG (TV series)''
| Episode: "Pulse Rate"
|-
| 2005
| ''Miracle's Boys''
| Episode: "Free Day"
|-
| 2006
| ''Las Vegas (TV series)''
| Episode: "Meatball Montecito"
|-
| 2008
| ''Reach for Me''
| Film
|-
| 2014
| ''Perception (U.S. TV series)''
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2017–2020
| ''NCIS: New Orleans''
| 8 episodes
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Burton, LeVar}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000996/ LeVar Burton at the IMDb database]
*[https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/LeVar_Burton Memory-alpha Fandom]

Jonathan Frakes

2021-10-04T01:22:58Z

Technotronical: /* Filmography */ updated with 2022 film addition and 2020-2021 TV voice credits

{{Infobox person
|name=Jonathan Frakes
(American film, stage, television actor 
Best known for his ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=Jonathan Frakes 2018.jpg
|birth_place= Bellefonte, Pennsylvania
|birth_date=August 19, 1952
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Genie Francis
}}
'''Jonathan Frakes''' (born August 19, 1952 in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania), is known for being a prominent [[actor]] and [[director]] in [[American]] [[Television|television]] and [[Film|film]]. He is the son of Doris J. (Yingling) and Dr. James R. Frakes, a college professor. When he was younger, his parents moved with Jonathan and his younger brother Daniel to Bethlehem in eastern [[Pennsylvania]]. His father, Dr. James R. Frakes taught English at Lehigh University, where he held the Fairchild chair in American Literature until 2002 when he passed away. Frakes is most known for his role as Commander William Riker throughout seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation and in four Star Trek theatrical films. Frakes also directed eight Star Trek: The Next Generation episodes, his first in 1990 titled "The Offspring". Frakes would go on to direct 2 Star Trek feature films and multiple episodes of the subsequent Star Trek Series among 40 other TV series, including [[NCIS]]: Los Angeles, Burn Notice, Roswell, and countless others. Frakes is notable for his beard, towering height, and blue eyes. Frakes was an undergraduate at [[Penn State]] and continued his [[Education|education]] at [[Harvard]], spending several seasons with the Loeb Drama Center. Frakes then moved to [[New York]], spending five years appearing on and off Broadway in several regional [[theater]] productions. Frakes is of [[German]], and some [[English]], ancestry.

==Film, Television and theater career==
After switching his major to [[Theater|theater arts]] and graduating with a [[Bachelor's degree|bachelor's degree]] in 1974 from [[Penn State]], Frakes then moved to [[Boston]] to attain his masters degree from [[Harvard University]] by 1976.

Frakes made the big move to [[New York City]] early on in his acting career where he had a stint as [[Captain America]] for [[Marvel Comics]]. Frakes also appeared in a role on the [[Broadway]] musical "Shenandoah". Frakes joined "The Impossible Ragtime Theatre," and was part of several off-Broadway productions.
Frakes moved to [[Los Angeles]] in the late 1970s. The move proved very successful for Frakes, as he landed a recurring role as [[Vietnam Veterans Memorial|Vietnam veteran]] Tom Carroll from 1977 to 1978 on the [[soap opera]] The Doctors.

During the late 1970's and early 1980s, Frakes guest-starred on several of the big prime-time shows of the time, including Charlie's Angels, Fantasy Island, Quincy M.E., Highway to Heaven, The Dukes of Hazzard and a recurring role the Waltons. Frakes was then landing more recurring roles in such shows as the 1985 prime-time soap opera Falcon Crest where he was cast as Damon Ross. Frakes also landed roles in Paper Dolls and Bare Essence.

In early 1987 when preparing for his audition for the role of Commander William T. Riker on Star Trek: The Next Generation, Frakes had to watch videotapes from the original episodes because he knew nothing about Star Trek: The Original Series. At the urging of his soon-to-be wife Genie and her family, Jonathan went to an audition for a Riker on the new Star Trek television series at Paramount. After six weeks, and seven auditions, Frakes landed the role that would bring him worldwide fame: that of Commander William Riker on Star Trek: The Next Generation.
Frakes was interviewed and cast for Commander William T. Riker personally by [[Gene Roddenberry]]. Frakes character William T. Riker, first appeared in the first episode "Encounter at Farpoint" for [[Star Trek]]: The Next Generation in 1987. Early on in the Star Trek: The Next Generation series, Jonathan Frakes had no beard and looked very young as the first officer Riker. Frakes grew the now famous beard during the hiatus before TNG's second season as he dislikes shaving. He returned to rehearsal before shaving it. The producers liked the change and asked him to keep the beard, although a fictional reason was not given until five years later.

In addition to Star Trek: The Next Generation, Frakes has made appearances as Thomas Riker in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and William Riker in Star Trek: Voyager, Star Trek: Enterprise, and Star Trek: Picard. He is one of only two Star Trek regulars to appear on five different Star Trek series. The only other regular to match that number is Majel Barrett-Roddenberry. Frakes has also directed episodes in five of the series (Star Trek:TNG, Star Trek:DS9, Star Trek:Voyager, Star Trek:Discovery, and Star Trek:Picard).

Frakes voiced the recurring role of David Xanatos in one of [[Disney|Disney's]] most popular [[cartoon]] series Gargoyles. Jonathan Frakes and his Star Trek: The Next Generation co-stars Marina Sirtis, Michael Dorn, Brent Spiner, and LeVar Burton all lent their voices in roles for the animated series from 1994-1996.
Jonathan Frakes' wife was [[Pregnant|pregnant]] with their first child at the same time as his character's wife Fox was in the series.
Then voicing their same characters in the sequel series Gargoyles: The Goliath Chronicles from 1996-1997, however Brent Spiner and LeVar Burton did not do this series.

In 1996 in addition to co-starring, it was announced that Frakes was to be the director of the eighth Star Trek film, Star Trek: First Contact. Frakes received critical praise for his work on the film and it became the highest-grossing entry of the franchise to date. He formed a production company, Goepp Circle Productions, named after the street he lived on in Bethlehem, [[Pennsylvania]].

After Josh Brolin was host for the first 1997 season on the [[Fox Network]] anthology series "Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction", Frakes was host from 1998 to 2002, for 26 episodes.

Frakes himself, lends his voice to shows like [[Futurama]], [[Family Guy]] and the [[Cartoon Network|cartoon network]] animated series Adventure Time.

From 2016–2017 Frakes voiced the character J'son in the Guardians of the Galaxy (TV series) for 12 episodes.

In 2020 Frakes appeared in two episodes during the spin-off series first season of Star Trek:Picard as William Riker, who is now married to Deanna Troi with two children, one child passed away.

==Family and friendships==
[[File:Jonathan Frakes and Genie Francis.jpg|thumb|right|Jonathan Frakes and his wife Genie Francis at the Dallas Comic Con.]]
In 1985 and 1986, on the set of the miniseries North and South and North and South: Book II, Frakes met [[soap opera]] star Genie Francis. Frakes reportedly fell in love with Francis on the set, and they were married two years later on May 28, 1988. Jonathan and Genie have two children: Jameson Ivor Frakes (born August 20, 1994) and Elizabeth Francis Frakes (born May 30, 1997). Frakes is the Son-in-law of actor Ivor Francis and Rosemary Daley. Godmother of his son Jameson is Elizabeth Berman, wife of Star Trek producer and writer Rick Berman.

Jonathan and his wife Genie moved from Belfast, [[Maine]], to Beverly Hills, [[California]], in 2008 and later moved to the Calabasas, California area and have a home in
Woodland Hills, [[California]] in Los Angeles County.

[[Patrick Stewart]] held close relationships with Marina Sirtis, Brent Spiner and Jonathan Frakes, relationships Stewart admits were fostered mostly due to the large number of "ready room scenes" with Data, Picard, and Riker, all of which were shot late into the night mostly on Fridays after the rest of the Star Trek cast had gone home.

Frakes is also friends with [[Star Trek (original series)]] actor [[William Shatner]] stating he goes to "Shatner's for his [[Super Bowl]] Sunday.

Jonathan Frakes has a long working friendship with Rebecca Romijn having also directed her on set for 10 episodes on the TV series "The Librarians". Frakes looks forward to continuing with what he calls a "fabulous working shorthand" with Rebecca Romijn on the upcoming Star Trek:Strange New Worlds [[CBS]] series.

==Filmography==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="4" | Film
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1994
| ''Camp Nowhere''
| Bob Spiegel
|
|-
| ''Star Trek Generations''
|Commander William T. Riker
|
|-
| 1995
| ''Time Travel Through the [[Bible]]''
| Himself / Host
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Star Trek: First Contact''
| Commander William T. Riker
| Nominated–[[Blockbuster Video|Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Best Supporting Actor]] Nominated–Saturn Award for Best Director
|-
| 1998
| ''Star Trek: Insurrection''
| Commander William T. Riker
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2002
| ''Star Trek: Nemesis''
| Commander/Captain William T. Riker
|
|-
| ''Clockstoppers''
| Janitor
| uncredited
|-
| 2004
| ''Thunderbirds''
| Policeman
| uncredited
|-
| 2011
| ''The Captains (film)''
| Himself/Captain William T. Riker
|
|-
| 2017
| ''Devil's Gate''
| Sheriff
|
|-
| 2022
| ''Catwoman: Hunted''
| King Faraday / Boss Moxie
| Voice
|
|-
! colspan="4" | Television
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1978
| ''Charlie's Angels''
| Brad
| Episode: "Angel on My Mind"
|-
| ''Barnaby Jones''
| David Douglas
| Episode: "Stages of Fear"
|-
| ''Fantasy Island''
| Kirk Wendover
| Episode: "The War Games/Queen of the Boston Bruisers"
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1979
| ''The Waltons''
| Ashley Longworth Jr.
| Episode: "The Lost Sheep" and "The Legacy"
|-
| ''Eight Is Enough''
| Chapper
| Episode: "Separate Ways"
|-
| ''The White Shadow (TV series)''
| Basketball Player
| Episode: "One of the Boys" (uncredited)
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1980
| ''Beulah Land''
| Adam Davis
|
|-
| ''The Night the City Screamed''
| Richard Hawkins
|
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1981
| ''The Dukes of Hazzard''
| Jamie Lee Hogg
| Episode: "Mrs. Daisy Hogg"
|-
| ''Harper Valley PTA (TV series)''
| Clutch Breath
| Episode: "Low Noon"
|-
|rowspan="5"| 1982
| ''Hart to Hart''
| Adam Blake
| Episode: "Harts and Palms"
|-
| ''Hill Street Blues''
| Drug dealer
| Episode: "Of Mouse and Man"
|-
| ''Quincy, M.E.''
| Leon Bohannon
| Episode: "The Face of Fear"
|-
| ''Quincy, M.E.''
| Surgeon
| Episode: "Ghost of a Chance"
|-
| ''Voyagers!''
| [[Charles Lindbergh]]
| Episode: "An Arrow Pointing East"
|-
| 1983
| ''Bare Essence''
| Marcus Marshall
| Several episodes.
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1984
| ''Highway to Heaven''
| Arthur Krock, Jr.
| Episode: "A Devine Madness"
|-
| ''Five Mile Creek''
| Adam Scott
| Episode: "Gold Fever"
|-
| ''The Fall Guy''
| Connors
| Episode: "Always Say Always"
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1985
| ''The New Twilight Zone''
| Single Guy
| Episode: "But Can She Type?"
|-
| ''North and South (TV miniseries)''
| Stanley Hazard
|
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1986
| ''Dream West''
| Lt. Archibald Gillespie
|
|-
| ''Matlock (TV series)''
| D.A. Park
| Episode: "The Angel"
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation''
| Commander William T. Riker
| 176 episodes - Also portrayed transporter duplicate Lt. Thomas Riker in ''Second Chances''
|-
| 1988
| ''Reading Rainbow''
| Himself
| Episode: "The Bionic Bunny Show"
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1994
| ''Wings (NBC TV series)''
| Gavin Rutledge
| Episode: "All's Fare"
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''
| Lt. Thomas Riker
| Episode: "Defiant"
|-
| ''Journey's End: The Saga of Star Trek: The Next Generation''
| Host
| Documentary
|-
| 1994–1996
| ''Gargoyles (TV series)''
| David Xanatos, Coyote
| Voice
|-
|rowspan=3"| 1995
| ''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman''
| Tim Lake
| Episode: "Don't Tug on Superman's Cape"
|-
| 1995
| ''Cybill''
| Himself
| Episode: "Starting on the Wrong Foot"
|-
| 1995
| ''Alien Autopsy: Fact or Fiction?''
| Host/Narrator
|-
| 1996
| ''Star Trek: Voyager''
| Commander William T. Riker
| Episode: "Death Wish"
|-
| 1998–2002
| ''Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction?''
| Himself
| 45 episodes
|-
| 1999
| ''Roswell (TV series)''
| Himself
| Episode: "The Convention"
|-
| 2000
| ''3rd Rock from the Sun''
| Larry McMichael
| Episode: "Gwen, Larry, Dick and Mary"
|-
| 2000
| ''Ghosts: Caught on Tape''
| Narrator
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Futurama]]''
| Himself
| Voice; Episode: "Where No Fan Has Gone Before"
|-
| 2005
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise''
| Commander William T. Riker
| Episode: "These Are the Voyages..."
|-
|2005,2009
| ''[[Family Guy]]''
| Commander William T. Riker/Himself
| Episode: "Peter's Got Woods" & "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven"
|-
| 2009
| ''Leverage (TV series)''
| Patient in Neck Brace
| Episode: "The Snow Job" (uncredited)
|-
|rowspan="2"| 2010
| ''Criminal Minds''
| Dr. Arthur Malcolm
| Episode: "The Uncanny Valley"
|-
| ''[[NCIS]]: Los Angeles''
| Navy Commander Dr. Stanfill
| Episode: "Disorder"
|-
| 2011
| ''The Super Hero Squad Show''
| High Evolutionary
| Voice; Episode: "The Devil Dinosaur You Say!"
|-
| rowspan="2" |2012
| ''Leverage (TV series)''
| Man at Consumer Products Safety Commission
| Episode: "The Toy Job" (uncredited)
|-
|Castle (TV series)
|Richard Castle Fan
|Episode "The Final Frontier" (uncredited)
|-
| 2013
| ''Adventure Time''
|Finn the Human (Adult Finn)
| Voice; Episodes: "Puhoy" and "Dungeon Train"
|-
| 2014
| ''Hit the Floor (TV series)''
| Hank
| Episode: "Blow Out"
|-
| 2016–2017
| ''Guardians of the Galaxy (TV series)''
| J'son
| Voice; 12 episodes
|-
|rowspan="2"| 2016
| ''Miles from Tomorrowland''
| Grandpa Vincent
| Voice; Episodes: "Galactech: Still Rocketing/Merc's Night Out" & "The Adventures of Jet Retrograde/The Tiny Aliens"
|-
| ''Future-Worm!''
| Steak Starbolt
| Voice
|-
| 2018
| ''After Trek''
| Himself
| Aftershow Episode 11
|-
|2019
| ''How to Sell Drugs Online (Fast)''
| Himself
| Episode: "Life's Not Fair, Get Used to It"
|-
| rowspan=2| 2020
| ''Star Trek: Picard''
| Captain William T. Riker
| 2 episodes
|-
| ''The Ready Room''
| Himself
| Aftershow Episode: "Episode 20"
|-
| rowspan=2| 2020-2021
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks''
| Captain William T. Riker
| Voice; 3 episodes Voice
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000408/ Jonathan Frakes at the IMDb database]
*[http://www.tv.com/people/jonathan-frakes/ tv.com]

[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

Up on High Ground

2021-03-10T01:37:51Z

Technotronical: /* "Main characters" */ linked to Rylee Cravens Conservapedia page https://conservapedia.com/Rylee_Cravens

{{Infobox Film
| name= Up on High Ground
| image=Up On High Ground poster.jpg
| caption= Psychological, pathological, and a pretty typical day of students who make this school of no fools and broken rules.
| director=Bryan Kreutz Tommy Callahan
| producer=Bryan Kreutz Joe McGettigan Brayden Patterson Lec Zorn Brianna Langford Stacey Nation
| writer=Bryan Kreutz Lec Zorn Joanna Ferbrache Tommy Callahan Emma Jane Mitchell
| narrator=
| starring=Brayden Patterson Cody Jarvis Rylee Cravens Billy Ingoldsby Erin Morris Sydney Thomas Matthew Becker Molly Cravens
| music=Matt Griffin, Scott Paul Lewis
| cinematography=Mike Frolos, Igor Stevanovic, Dwayne Simmons, Aaron Basham, Tony Barsanti
| editing=Dale Ward, Jim Pruett, James Burke, Aaron Basham, Justice Simpson
| distributor=[[Pure Flix]], [[The CW]]
| released=October 25, 2014–October 26, 2015
| runtime=28 min. (Per Episode)
| No. of Seasons=1
| No. of Episodes=9
| country=USA
| language=English
| budget=$10,000 (estimated)
| gross=
| preceded_by=
| followed_by=
| website=http://www.uponhighgroundtv.com/
| amg_id=
| imdb_id=3738106
}}

'''''Up on High Ground''''' is an [[American]] family [[drama]], syndicated [[television]] series, directed by Tommy Callahan and [[Bryan Kreutz]]. The half hour weekly episodic series was originally aired in syndication on [[The CW]] television affiliates and [[Pure Flix]] from October 25, 2014 to October 26, 2015, and was distributed by Pure Flix with Brayden Patterson Productions LLC. The [[Christian]] lead [[character]] and many characters of the series were committed to using modern day [[biblical]] principals throughout the show, comprising nine television episodes, while being produced in the [[United States of America]]. Up on High Ground was nominated for best television series in 2020, five years after originally airing by Roku Detaron TV awards. The same year Up on High Ground's lead actress [[Rylee Cravens]] went on to receive the award for Best Actress in a television series/film playing Savannah Swanson.

==Plot and setting==
A college psychology [[student]] is tested daily with his roommates, one in [[friendship]], and the other on patience as a third wheel freeloader friend of sorts. Dillon and his roommate Landon are majoring their college courses in applied developmental [[psychology]]: variability in teacher-student interactions at East Valley Academy [[High School]].

Dillon, a fairly good guy who pictures himself a [[role model]], a [[leader]] - being ''Christlike'', must deal with his [[unemployed]] roommate crashing on the couch, and being more than just a neighborly [[influence]] to his neighbor Jaris, a [[Widow|widowed]], [[pregnant]], [[mother]] of three [[children]]. An ongoing high school feud of girl foes is at the top of Dillon and Landon’s psychology matters, as the two influence their students to try and [[convert]] their principal leader from [[Buddhism]] to [[Christianity]].Set at the [[fictional]] East Valley Academy High School near the city and in suburbs of [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], and [[Illinois]], it follows the emotional travails of three roommates, two of them, Dillon and Landon, interning for [[college]] courses in psychology, studying student teacher interactions of several [[teenagers]]. The story arc parallels with a neighborly community, centered around roommates Dillon, Landon, and Bogroe. These roommates at both the school and around their [[apartment]] homes are connected to an entourage of teens, mainly two student rivals, in the social circle of main teen characters Savannah Swanson, played by [[Rylee Cravens]] and [[Erin O'Byrne]] played by [[Erin Morris]].

==History and Production==
Originally, Up on High Ground was a product of BK Studios as created by Bryan Kreutz in a first draft series proposal, dated February 2013. Before it was a TV series in 2013, [[Bryan Kreutz]], Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan were meeting several times a week and on weekends while in [[Pre-production]] to carefully comb through characters, scripts already written, and available crew members to build the full production in the [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]] area. After the first three aforementioned scripts, that were filmed in reverse production order weren't getting any networks to bite via Kreutz and Patterson's agent, other duties to get the pilot script officially under a [[Copyright]] by the [[Library of Congress]] office in [[Washington D.C.]] were being carried out.

Beginning with a single pilot episode, ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'', filming began in August 2013, using three separate episode scripts, filmed in reverse production order, starting first with ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"'', ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2"'', then filming ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'' last. Director Thomas Callahan recommended filming the three scripts in reverse production order to get chemistry created and on-screen characters down pat by the time the actual pilot would be up and presented to networks as the best work from the cast. Up on High Ground was not placed on the schedule of television affiliates on The CW network until a second pilot episode, to precede the original titled ''"Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness"'', was produced in 2014. The second pilot was written solely by Joanna Ferbrache, then a co-writer credit was added for Bryan Kreutz for two scenes re-added from the original pilot. One scene is a crucial Mr. Stu Charles classroom scene from the original pilot, blended into Ferbrache's script. Ferbrache's script originally included more students and much of the scene Kreutz wrote already from the original pilot, however the footage taped already from the original pilot was added before and after Ferbrache's script to compliment it.

Up on High Ground officially went into production on August 31, 2013 and ran for one season until it was canceled in the fall of 2015. The series originally aired in TV syndication on affiliates of [[The CW]] and [[Pure Flix]] from October 25, 2014, to October 26, 2015. Up on High Ground was distributed by [[Pure Flix]] with parent production company Brayden Patterson Productions. In association with BK Studios.

Once IAMFlix, later Pure Flix signed the series to distribute and The CW network affiliates fell inline together as it's main distributors, the series would be required to write and produce a new full pilot episode to precede the original, containing more main [[character]] back-story and establishment. In a very short period of time within the spring of 2014 Kreutz and McGettigan interviewed several people for the marketing and public relations crew as they wanted to increase visibility locally and eventually into the East cost. This was achieved as the show would begin airing in the fall on several affiliates in Missouri and Pennsylvania to begin. Bryan Kreutz has personally said on record that "Joanna Ferbrache saved this would be series and if it wasn't for her new pilot script and her zeal of great energy and enthusiasm in pursuit of this TV series objective, we may of never been able to air the would be series."

Joanna Ferbrache was originally hired by Kreutz and McGettigan as crew performing the [[marketing]] and public relations, but would also deliver the infamous pilot script and co-write the second script to propel the series off the ground in 2014.

==Production==
[[File:Up On High Ground filming apartment.jpg|thumb|Behind the camera while on set with the college psychology roommates Landon (Left) and Dillon (Right)]]
Production of Up on High Ground took place from August 2013 until 2014, when the production was shopped around by series creators [[Bryan Kreutz]] and Brayden Patterson's agent Mandi Morris. Once the series landed on the aforementioned network and streaming services, production continued in the late summer of 2014 which took the franchise from now four produced and ready to air episodes in the can, to a script ready to produce for episode five titled "The Quintessence of a Situation". The remaining episodes six, seven, eight, and nine, were all produced sequentially and uninterrupted until the series was canceled in the fall of 2015.

The series was primarily shot with a single Canon HD [[camera]], at times with dual cameras. The crew includes [[Emmy Award]]-winning editor Dale Ward, and Bryan Kreutz who has directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being [[Revolution 618]]. Aside from one scene written by Emma Jane Mitchell, and the two pilot episodes, original and 2nd episode, co-written by Joanna Ferbrache, All 9 episodes were pinned from the collaborative script writing of Lec Zorn and Bryan Kreutz. With the exception of episode 4 which was also co-written by Thomas Callahan. On set production ceased for the series in October 2015.

==Episode availability licenses==
Amazon Prime Video took the rights of the pilot episode 1 ''"Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness"'' in 2017. Later in spring 2019, episode 2 ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'', episode 3 ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, part 2"'' and episode 4 ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"'' were made available on Amazon Prime. As of May 2020, all nine episodes in the complete series are available on Roku channel Detaron TV.

Older licenses for previously aired episodes are no longer available on television after their syndicated run on [[the CW]] TV affiliates and on Video-on-demand with [[Pure Flix]]. Several scripts and material belong to numerous companies. Plans to have the entire series available on a streaming platform going forward were discussed heavily by the production companies and teams after the series run, but it took until 2019 to have availability on Amazon Prime, then 2020 to be on RoKu.

==Broadcast and home media==
The first and only season consisted of nine episodes, the first eight episodes a half-hour-long, and the ninth and final episode at one-hour-long. The episodes which were released worldwide on Pure Flix Entertainment on October 25, 2014 had the first three episodes available on this date, then subsequent episodes available throughout its run.

===First-run syndication===
The half hour episode series was released in the United States airing on numerous Television affiliates of The CW in the Midwest and East Coast of the United States. With other CW affiliates airing all 9 episodes, only 1 episode aired on the KPLR-TV CW Affiliate in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], where the entire series was taped, due to a new [[closed captioning]] rule.

==Casting and Character development ==
[[File:Erin_Morris-_Up_on_High_Ground.jpg|thumb|Erin Morris plays one of the more notable teen students in this entourage of characters as the [[Red Hair|red haired]] girl Erin O'Byrne]]
This series marks the third time that Brayden Patterson, Joe McGettigan, Neil McDonald, [[Bryan Kreutz]] and [[Erin Morris]] have worked together alongside sisters Rylee and Molly Cravens. The first was the 2013 Indie Fest USA qualifying short film, To Inflict, and the second was the feature film Hercules: The Brave and the Bold.

Savannah Swanson was based on creator Kreutz’s blonde haired popular girl classmates, Carrie Spooner and Jill Gant, who spent all of middle school and high school together. [[Rylee Cravens]] who played Savannah was meant to have a haughty, big attitude as the most popular girl and rival the class smart girl Erin. Kreutz, who worked closely with Cravens in two previous films, knew she would be the perfect fit to play this lead girl role without an audition, stating “She was your A-typical [[American]] popular girl and that's what we cast her for”.

Additionally the [[character]] Erin was based on Kreutz best friend's short-lived girlfriend. This girlfriend, was a classmate of Kreutz, whom at the time in [[high school]], like the character, had very deep curly [[Red Hair|red hair]] and smarts.

The character of Bogroe was not part of the original [[concept]] for the show. Creators Kreutz and Patterson had an original script and storyboard to include only Dillon and Landon, who were based upon the real lives of Off-the-cuff comedy between then roommates Brayden Patterson and Byron L. Wilson. However, Crystal Richardson, a future guest star working with Kreutz suggested a third freeloading character be placed in the cast to be the recipient of the butt end of [[jokes]]. Richardson suggested to Kreutz to have this third wheel roommate be written as combinations of the Dimwitted character Cole Brown and also "Tommy" Strawn, both were two of Martin Payne's three best friends on the 1990's comedy Martin (TV series). Bogroe's crashing on the couch as a temporarily-permanent fixture comes under scrutiny with his apparent mysterious [[unemployment]] status. This was a running gag throughout the show until his D-Jay gig is discovered in the finale, which was also written in closely paralleling the Martin best friends.

Joe McGettigan, the supervising Producer on this new series "Up on High Ground" brought in a production assistant who would eventually play the role of Bogroe on the second day of taping, which coincidentally was being filmed at McGettigan's former house now turned a set in the Dutch town district of St. Louis. Billy Patricks, this production assistant turned main character, proved his improv skills and quick script retention to be invaluable in a late pinch. When production began after weeks of delays, the actor who was originally going to play Bogroe didn’t show up to the location set on call time, thus he was fired even though not under a [[contract]] yet. The role was immediately given to Patricks and he assumed the role for the entire series without an audition. The creators were "blown away" both by his acting ability and demeanor in playing a down and out un-employed freeloader.
[[File:Up On High Ground - script reading on set.jpg|thumb|Script reading by the the student cast members while on the classroom set. Malissa Williams (Left), [[Erin Morris]] (Left center), Matthew Becker (Right Center), and Rylee Cravens (Right)]]
The first three table readings of the pilot script were notable because the producers had another [[actor]] playing Bogroe and Byron L. Wilson playing Landon, which affected main cast chemistry when one was fired and then Wilson having to leave because of family obligations. Essentially Producers never heard main cast members Billy Patricks or Cody Jarvis read lines because they were cast without auditions after the first three table readings occurred and the series was practically into production.

The producers of Up on High Ground selected Matthew Becker as the first casting choice for main cast roles upon completing the first three episode scripts in pre-production. Along with Becker, Erin Morris had previously worked together with most of the producers on an Independent feature film as well in St. Louis. Hours after Becker was asked to play Griffin, Morris was asked to play the rival classmate to Savannah and kept her real first name for the role, Erin.

Casting the main teacher Mr. Neil Rowley was played by Neil McDonald, whom is the most senior teacher at the school (East Valley Academy). McDonald previously played in several productions and a TV commercial with Bryan Kreutz.

==Characters summary==
==="Main characters"===

'''Dillon Magnum'''. Played by Brayden Patterson. An early 20's college student who's neighborly, open-minded, athletic as a track champion. He shares the rent with Landon Lofton who's also taking practically the same college courses with him. His other roommate, a friend from high school named Bogroe, stays with him as a freeloader who's sleeping on the couch. Dillon takes responsibility and stands up for Bogroe knowing his old friend has fallen on hard times. A student of Saint Louis university, majoring in psychology along with Landon they are finishing up taking College Prep Classes at a local high school, East Valley Academy. Landon regularly gets opportunities to do the right thing (or not) and follow [[Christian]] principles, such as the biblical principal "Love thy neighbor as thyself." The Dillon character develops a friendship with the Sundin family as he goes out of his way to assist the mother, A widow with three kids. His girlfriend is Veronika Earney.

'''Landon Lofton'''. Played by Cody Jarvis. The original of the two roommates with Dillon, and, as a Christian, is really intent, with the help of Dillon, to convert their down and out roommate Bogroe from being a walking advertisement for welfare into a straightforward, taxpaying good man, and Christ believer. Landon frequently brings up Christianity to their former high school principal, whom they also do student teacher courses under this principal's tenure. Landon shows a heightened animosity towards Bogroe and his laziness of hogging the couch and by forcing him to apply for 10 jobs a week with e-mail confirmations sent. Often a fun guy to watch an anime or a play a basketball game 1-on-1, he helps coach his [[high school]] freshman neighbor Griffin, often meeting with him on the courts and afterwards for talks on strategy. His girlfriend, Tara Giordano, is referred to multiple times but only seen once.
[[File:Rylee Cravens - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Rylee Cravens stars as the school's popular student, Savannah Swanson]]
'''Savannah Swanson'''. Played by [[Rylee Cravens]]. A blonde, [[High School]] Sophomore. Savannah is the most popular girl at the high school East Valley Academy and a riled up [[gossip]] girl. Savannah lives the luxury life in the Upper East Side of the burbs with her dad and freshman sister Thea. When with her friends, notably Sydney or Teagan, she points out others downfalls or creates rumor starting stories to their achievements to make them appear as superficial achievements. Typically her arguments, rumors, or frustration is toward student rivals Erin, Miri, or less popular girls who have gained a certain importance she feels is infringing on her as the main focal point of attention. Ms. Fritz meets Savannah in the teachers lounge and essentially treats Savannah as the teacher's pet giving her the requirements on what the judges will be looking for to make the madrigal show [[choir]] squad. There is a rumor going around school with some students that a show choir is being formed and Savannah divulges the information to a known nerd Miri, who is friends with [[Erin O'Byrne]] that Savannah tries to deceitfully encourage the two to try out, ultimately to make a fool out of them during the auditions. Her boyfriend is Shane and her best friend is Sydney. Savannah has that red dress effect, often wearing one that makes her pop out as the beautiful girl moving into womanhood. The red summer dress effect she's wearing so often, is essentially a putative phenomenon in which the teen sophomore is perceived to be more alluring than when than when she's wearing other more conservative clothing or colors. According to Erin, Savannah dressed like a stripper to impress Shane one time, showing a possible expansion of a love triangle outside of Savannah with Shane and Shane with Londyn. Savannah fequently speaks her guy troubles to Sydney who are both inseparable even to the point where the two have no regard for the teachers lesson in class to move and talk all class long next to each other while also openly tormenting [[Erin O'Byrne]].

'''Bartholomew Bogroe'''. Played by Billy Patricks. An early 20's couch crashing freeloader, living as the third wheel roommate with Dillon and Landon for no payment and, as such, is really cashing in on a side gig as a Deejay. Dillon and Landon question neighbor Brody about Bogroe's unusual behavior and coy smiles when Landon continues to see online Job applications filtering to his inbox as a copy when Bogroe applies. Bogroe has an ongoing feud of words with sassy neighbor Hayley who follows him to discover he has been storing music equipment for Deejay gigs. Brody, who knows more than Bogroe's roommates about his side gig, ultimately is one of the two neighbors who divulge Bogroe's secret life much to his demise of his hopes to live at the apartment for free. Bogroe's girlfriend is the beautiful Asian cook and model Gemma Qiao.

'''[[Erin O'Byrne]]'''. Played by [[Erin Morris]]. [[High School]] Sophomore, and a integral part of the state finalist show choir team. Erin is an introverted, super smart [[Red Hair|redhead]], and much to the chagrin of her class [[rival]] Savannah, she is the president of the school's drama department. The immense fecundity of her imagination on ways she and Miri play Savannah a fool, make a profound impact on Savannah, progressively to changing her mind into an eventual acceptance by the rival classmate. Evident by very vocal and seemingly subtle class notes and harsh looks at each other, Erin and Savannah are singled out by Mrs. Hialeah. The two girls must stand front and center in psychology class as do not do examples, and are assigned an ongoing cooperative project to meet outside of school and complete it together.
Revealing she was accepted into the prestigious Abbey School of Acting in [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]] to friends, a confrontation of sorts ensues about her gifts from God when Savannah throws her out of her house when the two are finishing their required joint school cooperative project together. Erin mentions to her best friend Miri that her in-school restraining order with rival Savannah shouldn't restrict her from participating in a new school show [[choir]]. She is seen hanging around Griffin Sundin playing [[basketball]] and quickly gets swept away by his charm. Erin develops a quick crush on her younger, freshman classmate, Griffin Sundin, as the two eventually become a very stable couple. The new couple are boldly found making out in the library by Principal Guidry while Griffin is supposed to be in detention, but they play it cool when caught. Erin is noticeably close to her college aged sister Jayda who's practically a spitting image of Erin herself and teaches her lessons on letting lesser under-aged lower-classmates gossip be meaningless. Erin gives a very facetious and reassuring nod to Miri's story of Londyn spearheading a supportive facade laced with a manipulative video taped guy fling between Erin and Savannah's boyfriend Shane, to steal a man away from Savannah.
[[File:A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from episode Gone, but not Forgotten for the TV show Up on High Ground.png|right|thumb|A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from the episode "Gone, but not Forgotten" of the syndicated TV Family Drama "[[Up on High Ground]]".]]
'''Griffin Sundin'''. Played by Matthew Becker. Griffin Sundin is a show choir singer, talented [[dancer]], and basketball player who gets private lessons from East Valley High varsity coach Landon Lofton during his high school freshmen year. Griffin lives in an apartment across from Landon and Dillon with his Mother Jaris and sisters Hayley and Roxy. Griffin has a twin sister, Hayley Sundin. Griffin is best friends with Khalil, a classmate in a higher grade level at the local high school. His girlfriend Erin is one year ahead of him in school although they are about the same age, boldly he is found making out with his new girlfriend while in detention by Principal Guidry and plays it cool when caught.In the next to last episode, Griffin proclaims his love for Erin, knowing she is leaving for acting school in Ireland for the upcoming summer break. Griffin mentions to Dillon that East Valley Academy recently retired his father’s Basketball Jersey number, the son of the late Johan Sundin, a [[Swedish]] basketball league great in the Ligan, meaning simply the “League” in [[Sweden]]. He quickly swept away his girlfriend [[Erin O'Byrne]], but is noticeably down and out when she tells him officially she'll be back for summer break to be with him after getting accepted to the Abby school of acting in Ireland, placing their openly romantic relationship on hold.
[[File:Griffin and Hayley - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Students at East Valley academy, the Sundin twins. These birth-bound two souls, so closely allied, yet so different]]
'''Sydney Ashdown'''. Played by Sydney Thomas. A "solo-[[pianist]]-singer”, a bit of an american desi girl, but will avoid being called it in place of being known as a [[keratin]] treatment idea she once capitalizes on from her former friend Londyn. Sydney has an amazing, unique and sweet personality when she wants to, but is prone to fall into the rich, backup her bestie at all costs high school girl, prone to sarcastic remarks. She comes prepared to talk to her best friend Savannah Swanson during class even while teachers are giving a lesson. Sydney is seen talking through the entire class on the phone and face to face with friends, even telling the teacher "why are you teaching during my conversation" when confronted by Mrs. Hialeah. Sydney often goes by the nickname Syd, especially by the students she is surrounded by. She and her best friend Savannah are always hanging around guys or sipping coffee at a local café, during, before, and after school. Sydney, is instrumental, literally, in the first year school madrigal show choir making it to finals as a pianist and vocalist. She takes the advice of rival student Londyn Downey, to get [[Keratin]] treatments at a high end salon when her close friend Teagan Janney, meets up with her. Teagan mentions she is surprised the two aren't meeting up with Savannah and Thea at Starskie's, Sydney states "No..No.. Savannah needs time to reflect, she's thinking about Shane non-stop." Jake, Sydney's current boyfriend, indicates the two have been going out for a while, reminding her its been 8 months when she mistakenly said it was 6 months late in the series. Sydney mentions Jake's parents offered her a job as a solo-artist singer under a small record label in [[Seattle]] upon graduation. Jake makes a heartfelt move to solidify his relationship with Sydney by surprising her with a promise [[ring]]. Sydney is very happy by the sweet gesture and accepts the ring with a kiss for Jake. Later, when talking with Savannah, she reveals that she is torn between having feelings for Jake and Landon, a college psychology student teaching and observing at her school.

'''Hayley Sundin'''. Played by Molly Cravens. 15-year-old "verbally-vivacious" Freshman girl at East Valley Academy high school. She has a twin brother, Griffin Sundin whom she often places blame for everything towards. Her infamous catchphrase is a very sarcastic and distinctive phrase ("Do we have to start like this") that she normally says after a rude or snide comment. Her father, a Swedish professional basketball player died at a young age and she relies upon her single mother and neighbor Dillon for parental influences. Among three children of a widowed mom, she appears to be affected the most in grieving for her deceased father when dreaming of past memories that have a profound outcome. She is in the East Valley Academy show choir after a strong solo singing performance for the try out auditions, but is noticeably gone when a Laryngitis epidemic forces several students to miss the State finals competition. She's a cute natural blonde and knows it with her own confidence and attitude when she tells Bogroe "But I'm cute duh! I can walk whenever I wan't! You're not the man of the house, Landon and Dillon are."

==="Supporting characters"===

East valley academy the high school and classrooms were where much of the series took place is where almost all of the supporting characters were present in the setting.

'''Neil Rowley'''. Played by Neil McDonald. Mr. Neil Rowley, who goes by Mr. Neil, is a science teacher and newly appointed school board member. By default, not by choice, Mr. Neil has been volunteered to work double tasks at East Valley Academy School by new Principal Guidry due to budget cuts. He is mentioned as being the most senior teacher at East Valley Academy school when his close friend and teacher Mr. Stu Charles is dismissed from school for a scandal. Close friends with Mrs. Hialeah, whom he fondly calls "Hi", Mr. Neil is reluctantly insistent to stay out of the scandal with Mr. Stu Charles after a long conversation with Mrs. Hialeah. His son, Mac, who was the first ever valedictorian at East Valley academy, speaks positively of his father as he addresses the current graduating class during the final scene of the series.

'''Thea Swanson'''. Played by Jessica Jordan. Thea is the younger blonde Swanson sister and a freshman at East Valley Academy School. She's noticeably close with her sophomore sister Savannah and friend Sydney. Even though she's younger she's not a tag along, but contributes to the plans of her sister and her friends in addition to her own set of friends. Her best friend is Hayley Sundin, with whom she is seen with often at the Sundin apartment preparing to play some video games or snooping around. Although she is popular and well liked she has a quiet side and, uncharacteristically for a popular girl, she likes Star Trek. She often wears a Star Trek pendant and is seen wearing a themed T-shirt when getting ready before school. She sings a solo during the state show choir competition and is only one of six remaining East Valley students left after a laryngitis outbreak shorthand's the choir squad. Thea is one of the most expert dancers as she is seen on the high school stage performing her dance moves effortlessly throughout the series.

'''Miri Cyanne'''. Played by Malissa Williams. Miri is the freckle-faced girl next door, (Although she often covers them with makeup). She portrays herself as a cool [[geek]]. Sophomore, 16, shy at times, open-minded, strong willed, she is extrovert but in her own eloquently straightforward way. She is a member of the new show choir team. Her best friend is [[Erin O'Byrne]], whom she is seen with or talking about in nearly every scene she is present in. Her dad often sends her [[YouTube]] videos as she goes about her day, though she is interested in them she appears annoyed the first time she mentions it to Savannah. Very confident in herself, Miri states to Savannah when asking about a possible tryout for show choir "if you want something you have to go for it". Miri Cyanne perfectly complemented her bestie Erin for both having their good looks but also smarts and offbeat way about carrying out a masterful adolescent agenda on occasion together.

'''Principal Guidry'''. Played by Joe McGettigan. Principal at East Valley Academy High School and openly a practicing Buddhist.A new principal taking over for a formerly failing regime on the school board, Guidry added his own group of teachers to act as the new council members. He makes it a point to use other resources for alternative funding like “Box tops for education clippings” brought in by all teachers and faculty. Not by his choice and under protest teacher Mr. Rowley has been volunteered by Guidry, to work as a council member in an early episode. During Melody Hull's final valedictorian speech to end the series, she extends Principal Guidry an open invitation to come to her [[Christian]] [[Church]].

'''Jaris Sundin'''. Played by Courtni Aries. An overworked 32-year-old widowed supermom, and neighbor to Dillon and his roommates, Jaris is the mother of three children. Jaris is noticeably pregnant with a fourth child on the way in the first few episodes of the series. Her husband Johan died recently, and she seeks support from her new friend Kaidence, a school counselor at East Valley Academy. Upon Khalil’s loss of his last immediate family member in the pilot episode, Jaris specifically conveys her support and understanding of family loss with Khalil, a classmate of Hayley and Griffin’s. Shortly after Khalil’s attempted [[suicide]], Jaris and her daughter Hayley, offer support by cooking and providing extra blankets to Khalil knowing Dillon has essentially become a foster family to Khalil.

'''Brody Vanderschmidt'''. Played by [[Bryan Kreutz]]. Brody is Dillon and Landon's nosy neighbor and expert video gamer. He is present with Dillon, Landon, or the Sundin twins playing video games, talking about video games, or dabbling into matters that concern his surrounding neighbors more than they should him. He gets a job as a Taxidermist after dressing up in a tacky suit for the interview. Brody who knows about ways to get [[hockey]] tickets online for cheap refers Bogore to stub-hub while helping him store his equipment in the Horseshoe apartment storage area. While helping Bogroe store his bulky DJ equipment it is apparent he knows more when Bogroe's roommates and Brody get into a conversation about his appearance. It is apparent that Brody is involved heavily in an ongoing cover up of Bogroe's side gig DJ job and eventually is one of two neighbors who reveal the truth to Dillon and Landon.

'''Mrs. Hialeah'''. Played by Sarah Cotton. Psychology teacher at East Valley Academy High School and openly into the psychological and emotional state of her students. In one of the first scenes of the pilot episode Hialeah is shown speaking in front of her class with an emotionally driven statement to her students. "I want to be that teacher that crosses the line. The one you remember... a teacher whose passion for students inspires them to go that extra step". Hialeah sticks alongside her friend Mr. Neil, when his best friend, and teacher, Mr. Stu is under a scandal at the school. She Singles out two students on the spot making them stand front and center in class as do not do examples. Hialeah's discipline is to have the school's most popular girl Savannah, and smartest girl Erin, have to endure an ongoing cooperative project together after school. Mrs. Hialeah's philosophy of student discipline goes too far in they eyes of Avril, Erin's mom, as she makes an in school visit confrontation.

'''Londyn Downey'''. Played by Brianna Langford. Londyn is a sophomore at East Valley Academy High School and a cheerleader. She's the former best friend of Savannah, seemingly from years past and has a bitter attitude towards Savannah now. Londyn is seen sitting next to Shane closely as if an item again, even though they are exes and Shane and Savannah are a couple. Londyn takes advantage of an opportunity to take Savannah’s on again off again boyfriend Shane back when she tells Savannah’s best Friend Sydney she is not moving out of St. Louis after all. Londyn sets up a specific café confrontation and unexpectedly gets tag teamed by two of Savannah’s friends. Londyn works part-time mostly after school as a sales representative at the Triumph Sports store in St.Louis. She is seen in an early episode selling sports skorts to the East Valley High Track and Basketball coaches in an effort to cut down on costs.A very convincing personality, her charm suits her beauty well as an effective sporty sales rep, Cheer-leading captain, and popular girl who is at the top of her game. Her sister is Berlin, and is only seen in one episode while the two sisters are at home.

'''Veronika Earney'''. Played by Emma Mitchell. Veronika is Dillon's on again and off again girlfriend. She is the daughter of a former alternative rock group producer who turned to Catholicism with a final album recently produced. She is pushed too far to join in on going to Dillon's Church to change her life. She initially tries to maintain her relationship with alcohol after a less than responsible upbringing by her father, but validates her childhood and goodness by her actively catholic mother primarily raising her. In the Pilot episode Veronika implores Dillon to move in with her, even though they are not married, he gives a dissertation on waiting that pushes her away enough to return to drinking and eavesdropping in distrust of his motives.Her best friend Juliana, questions Dillon on pushing Veronika too far and he eventually apologizes to her getting her back as a girlfriend.

'''Tessa Stockton'''. Played by Taylor Vandelicht. Tessa is a freshman at East Valley Academy School and close with her younger sister Mackenzie, whom is a girl scout. She is anything but quiet or soft-spoken, often vocalizing her opinion in and out of class. She's the one student who is seen as friends with both Savannah and Erin at the same time, ultimately becoming the victim of sisters Savannah and Thea's wrath at a cafe for being supportive of Erin's news of studying acting abroad.

'''Kaidence Crews'''. Played by Jamie Fritz. Counselor at East Valley academy High School and a bubbly blonde who is known to be in Principal Guidry’s business. She's friends with Jaris Sundin, helping her through her loss of a spouse and with her daughter Hayley's teacher touching situation. She guides many of the students emotionally, notably Savannah and her boyfriend troubles, Erin and her haughty behavior towards Savannah, and Khalil's suicidal and social behaviors.

'''Teagan Janney'''. Played by Stephanie Swink. The fashionable "other best friend" of Savannah Swanson. Teagan is a girl who has an eye for hair and fashion as she not only looks good, but she's the kind with that attractive high self-esteem. She helps taunt, but also has an analytical mentality when in two separate instances she is talking to Mr.Rowley and Londyn, appearing to be a smart mentor. She is the victim of a reported shoulder touching incident in class leading to Mr.Charles dismissal of teaching duties, when Hayley reports it to Counselor Kaidence.

'''Melody Hull'''. Played by Ashley Pavlige. A great singer who is neutral in her friendships often playing the mediator in arguments or careless convo's involving her many friends and is clearly the voice of reason. She is often seen sitting or hanging around with Khalil, Ellise, and Erin O'Byrne. Melody is the very last character seen speaking at the end of the series, giving her podium graduating [[Valedictorian]] speech as she sneaks in the final words to invite her [[Buddhist]] principal to her [[Christian]] church.

==Episodes Summary==
{| class="wikitable"
!Episode Name || Date of Release || Director(s) || Writer(s) || Story outline
|-
|'''''Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness'''''|| October 25, 2014|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Joanna Ferbrache, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Roommates Dillon Magnum and Landon Lofton are moving out of an apartment and into a new apartment in St. Louis, likely to be further away from Saint Louis University (SLU), the college they have already been attending. The two have been talking about moving ever since they've been Freshman psychology students. Dillon states Landon is up for graduation and a final internship for himself as they finish college. One last internship elective they must take together is Applied Developmental Psychology: Variability in teacher-student interactions for SLU college credit at East Valley Academy High School. The high school is where they also graduated from four years earlier. Dillon, with the aid of longtime tenured High school teacher Neil Rowley, observes differences in clashing personalities between students Erin, the drama department class president, and Savannah the most popular student. Bogroe, a former high school roommate of the two college students crashes on their couch as freeloader. When Landon reluctantly challenges Bogroe to prove he is more responsible than in the past while they were in school, Bogroe takes exception and makes his couch proclamation to stay rather permanently.
|-
|'''''Friends, Family, and Freeloaders'''''|| November 1, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan, Bryan Kreutz</center>|| <center>Joanna Ferbrache, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Upon hearing the Sundin family neighbors yelling and putting on a sibling argument in early morning, the roommates are beginning to get accustom to the routine, although they’re not happy about it. After knocking on the neighbors door, Dillon offers to the widowed mother Jaris that she can come talk to him or Landon next door and that they work at East Valley academy during the day where two of her three kids go to school. Later widow neighbor and mother Jaris receives a call from Dillon that he is driving her son Griffin home instead of letting him ride the bus due to his newly contracted sickness. Dillon takes it a step further to invite the family, not just Griffin over to watch old pro basketball videos of Griffin's deceased father and Jaris' husband.
Savannah and Shane as a couple have high points and a rather questionable two- timing moment when Shane is seen with his Ex, Londyn, on what appears to be a date. Shane comments that he's torn between liking both Savannah and Londyn.
|-
|'''''Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2'''''|| November 8, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan</center>|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || Carefully observing and helping teach classes, Student teacher Dillon shows his frustration asking how his elders deal with students in the breakroom. The advice he seeks is from two most senior teachers at East Valley Academy. One teacher slips in a suggestion for Dillon to try the Bible for answers insinuating patience and guidance comes from the good book. He tells Dillon "This is how I cope".
Upon overhearing a music class side conversation about a new show choir, Miri, Erin’s best friend, tracks down Savannah to get the details for her and Erin to gain an edge on an early scoop about the audition. Nervous butterflies and insults ensue as many of the girls wait for their turn to go on the audition stage while guys and teachers look on with an official state judge. A multi-talented group of students audition for the new East Valley Academy show-choir where the results are left as a cliffhanger. Finding it difficult to deal with family tragedies, Khalil, slits his writs in front of the class and passes out.
|-
|'''''Fued of Friends and Foes'''''|| November 15, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan</center>|| <center>Tommy Callahan, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Singled out by Mrs. Hialeah and standing front and center in class as do not do examples, the school's most popular girl Savannah and smartest girl Erin have gone too far in their obvious hate for each other. Mrs. Hialeah's philosophy of student discipline goes too far in they eyes of Avril, Erin's mom, as she makes an in school visit to confront the teacher and Principal Guidry. Meanwhile Savanna's best friend Sydney and Ellise (Ellie) meet on her behalf with Londyn to discuss who the highly sought after guy Shane considers his girlfriend. Meanwhile Bogroe successfully sets up Landon on a blind date to entice him to leave his current girlfriend Tara so he can have her. Unbeknownst to Landon this blind date, Vanessa, Bogroe's former high school Ex, is in on the fun with Bogroe. Tara questions Landon's unusual behavior when she suspects something is going on.
|-
|'''''The Quintessence of a Situation'''''|| November 22, 2014|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center>|| <center>Bryan Kreutz, Emma Jane Mitchell, Lec Zorn</center> || Landon cracks down on Bogroe's laziness. Erin gets accepted to a prestigious acting school in Ireland, to the dismay of Savannah, who's already devastated from being cheated on by Shane. Kaidence reaches out to comfort Savannah, one on one, as well as Khalil, who is bummed about the results of the show choir. The teens involved in the schools madrigal show choir, ie. Savannah, begin to encounter moral and ethical dilemmas in the high school setting. Confident and armed with sheet music, Savannah in a change of heart, in what seems to be a good gesture, tells the show choir teacher, Fritz, she wants to sing a solo lead. Particularly boasting of her vocal talents, she takes Hialeah's advice giving the solo to her best friend Sydney in the first show choir performance. Londyn tries to build herself up in front her and her sister Berlin's friends by charging off in a blaze of glory with her ex-boyfriend, then demanding her sister lie to their parents about her whereabouts.
|-
|'''''Underlying agreements'''''|| March 14, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || Kaidence meets Jaris at home for the first time and the two quickly become friends. Erin and Griffin quickly become a couple of forevers. Bogroe is caught by the nosy neighbors on his way out to a money making side gig. Catcalls and bribery from Hayley force his hand to the coercion of cash to keep his secret gig an unknown to Dillon and Landon. A show-choir competition before the state finals reveals Ellie is giving Ms.Fritz pointers from her previous championship year before transferring. The group show-choir competition between East Valley Academy and Mount Vernon High-school appear flawlessly performed with the cliffhanger results left to be read by Principal Guidry.
|-
|'''''In the Middle of It All'''''|| April 11, 2015 || <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || East Valley's Show Choir competes on the road in the state competition at the St.Louis city-line high-school stage. Bogroe officially introduces his girlfriend Gemma, who cooks a masterpiece of food and charm. With Borgoe gone more, Dillon and Landon begin to wonder about a possible money making mystery when Bogroe is smiling, mocking, and sure of himself when asked about applying to the 10 jobs a week. Bogroe applies for jobs under Landon's ultimatum. However, Landon and Dillon are even more suspicious when they ask neighbor Brody if he knows something they don't about Bogroe latest act. Savannah and Erin endure their required school project together. Mr. Neil's covering for Mr. Stu's accused class wrongdoings are brought to the forefront by Hialeah who believes he's interfering with an upcoming school board hearing about his best friends recent dismissal from teaching duties. Jaris, surrounded by family and friends goes into what seems to be a complicated and painful labor early while at home.
|-
|'''''Gone, But Not Forgotten'''''|| October 19, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || When the results at the hospital appear seemingly glum, Jaris trusts in her faith and believes its a blessing in disguise. Recent family tragedies trigger traumatic experiences and even some confusing dreams of past memories for Hayley. With Mr.Neil close enough to vouch for its accuracy, Erin tries her own in class societal social structure comparison of her situation with Savannah and Sydney to make a point. Jake makes a heartfelt move to solidify his relationship with Sydney not knowing she had plans to break up with him. Griffin proclaims his love for Erin, knowing she is leaving for acting school in Ireland for the upcoming summer. Suspicion of Borgoe's secret side life become more evident when Landon texts Brody to come over and discuss posted pictures among other knowledge about their freeloading roommate.
|-
|'''''All Good Things Must Come to an End'''''|| October 26, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || Savannah and Erin's cooperative class project for Mrs. Hialeah becomes the talk of the school and even has the principal discussing and Mr. Neil watching from afar. Sydney surprised as ever to see her best friend Savannah finally make peace with her class rival in the auditorium, is moved by the moment, and takes a risk herself with Landon. With the ongoing feud now mutually over between Erin and Savannah, Thea tries to overshadow it by bringing Erin in on what she thinks is inside info on Sydney and Landon's age difference relationship. Erin has clearly grown beyond the underclassmen style of gossip and walks out on Thea with her older sister by her side. Bogroe is busted by blabbing neighbors revealing the truth of his money making and is literally foot chased by his roommates. In hot pursuit of Bogroe, Dillon attempts to catch a glimpse of Bogroe's money making DJ-ing gig at a St.Louis club. Dillon wants answers now, Bogroe is fleeing for more time to consider a plan when tipped off that he is going to be confronted by his roommates.
|-
|}

==Marketing and budget==
[[File:Pure Flix logo.png|thumbnail|[[Pure Flix]] acquired and distributed the family media series with rights to all episodes of "Up on High Ground" after it announced the acquisition of video-on-demand service “I Am Flix”]]
Generally, the marketing of independent television series is characterized by limited release, but can also have major marketing campaigns. Up on High Ground had a wide release and heavy presence in the U.S. Central and East regions via Television syndication, additionally its North American presence being available online via Pure Flix. In the summer of 2015, when Up on High Ground's distribution platform “I Am Flix” announced it was being acquired by [[Pure Flix]], the launch of their newly re-branded SVOD (subscription video on demand) service made the program available on mobile devices, Roku, as well as the IOS or Android apps for increased viewership. Moreover, the program was now available through on-demand and video [[streaming]] for viewership to an even wider [[audience]] demographic.

The particularly unique factors about [[marketing]] of independent TV shows is capturing an audience and ramping up viewers that use social media before the premiere. Up on High Ground had three trailers released before the show premiered in the fall of 2014. Timing is incredibly important – Up On High Ground had to build up as much hype in the short space of time leading up to and around the launch as possible.

Using a multitude of different taping locations and unlike most major productions, where [[insurance]] is typically procured to protect against accidents, Executive Producer Bryan Kreutz found ways around using any insurance [[budget]] where location management requirements would hinder the effectiveness of the episode budget to agree and purchase insurance. This very strict budget allocation strengthened each production into making the series and in house production company stronger.

==Locations==
'''Primary locations overview'''
During the production of the series, most settings were utilized at a house in the Dutchtown, [[St. Louis]] neighborhood in the city of St. Louis, [[Missouri]] for the apartment settings and utilized classrooms in Arnold, Missouri as its primary settings for the program. Many of the off school campus scenes were shot on location at the Hotel Ignacio, Cafe Pinxtos and The Moto [[Museum]] buildings on Olive Street and Grand Center in the art district of St. Louis near the Fox Theater and St.Louis University.

'''Secondary locations overview'''

Secondary settings for apartment doorways, corridors, and B Roll were shot before the series or used from still images that were located in Pontoon Beach, Illinois. Two scenes of the apartment interiors were also shot at the Pontoon Beach, [[Illinois]] location. One very short take of character Brody speaking in Granite City, Illinois was used to compliment him showing a picture on his phone that precedes a Cut-in (Insert Shot). This only shot in Granite City, Illinois is the earliest footage used in the final cut of the series that was intended to be a dress rehearsal walk-through in August 31, 2013.

'''Classroom and East Valley school locations'''

The classroom settings were taped at the same location, but in four different actual church Sunday school rooms in Arnold Missouri. Most of these school rooms had green retractable walls for the crew to have more space to shoot the scenes. On September 7, 2013 the very first scene of the series was taped in one of these large classrooms that ended up being used in its entirety for episode 4 ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"''. In the same building location as the classrooms, the series taped the school hallways, lockers, library, Erin/Miri's room phone conversations, Principal Guidry's office, Most teacher board rooms, and an indoor basketball court gym. Adjacent to this building is where the scenes where shot for the school show choir stages and backstage's, college cafe, fuse ball room, teachers lounge, and counseling office for Minister George Ross.

'''Location proximity and management'''

The series taped as far east as Granite City [[Illinois]] and as far west as St.Peters [[Missouri]] with most shooting taking place in St. Louis Missouri and Arnold Missouri.

Jennifer Langford, the mother of actress Brianna Langford, who played Londyn Downey, played an integral part in securing and location management for the series in St. Louis.

Vikki Farmer was the location manager over the Arnold Missouri classroom and adjacent taping locations for the series' first five episodes, beyond that on a part time and interim basis, Trina Stephens managed the Arnold locations.

==Production History==
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing]]
The TV series began production in 2013 as a co-venture between TV-Talk Show Producer and filmmaker Bryan Kreutz and Brayden Patterson. The production was filmed in several locations in and around St. Louis, Missouri USA, a rarity for the time of scripted TV.

Director Tommy Callahan started filming only a few days after the final on camera screen tests he specifically designated for lead actor Brayden Patterson. Callahan wanted one-on-one touch up rehearsal performances between him and Patterson ending with cast dress rehearsals on August 31, 2013. Filming occurred at no designated studios, all scenes were shot on-location.

Whilst Patterson's character Dillon appeared to be fully integrated as a student teacher in the original pilot production, the CW and PureFlix would ask for a new pilot to precede the original, establishing Patterson and his roommate Landon to have a full back-story. So the two characters appeared as roommates moving out of their college area housing and into the apartment seen throughout the series, along with an an explanation in the new first episode televised production.

Post-production, with award winning editor Dale Ward, did not include director Tommy Callahan for the third episode he directed "Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2". Callahan was not available to be in the post production facilities due to an illness. Moreover the episode was not co-directed by Bryan Kreutz, but was the only episode solely written by Kreutz so he stepped in during the post-production process for scene selection with editor Dale Ward. The entire process was performed at Concordia Seminary in Clayton, Missouri ending on May 2, 2014. Post-production includes all stages of production occurring after shooting or recording the individual program segments were completed. The subsequent episodes, including the new pilot, were performed by several other individuals at different post-production facilities.

On set production as well as post-production, ceased in October 2015, when the last episode also aired.

==Cast list==

*Dillon Magnum — played by Brayden Patterson
*Landon Lofton — played by Cody Jarvis
*Savannah Swanson — played by [[Rylee Cravens]]
*Bartholowmew Bogroe — played by Billy Patricks
*[[Erin O'Byrne]] — played by [[Erin Morris]]
*Sydney Ashdown — played by Sydney Thomas
*Griffin Sundin — played by Matthew Becker
*Hayley Sundin — played by Molly Cravens
*Thea Swanson — played by Jessica Jordan
*Neil Rowley — played by Neil McDonald
*Principal Guidry — played by Joe McGettigan
*Miri Cyanne — played by Malissa Williams
*Brody Vanderschmidt — played by [[Bryan Kreutz]]
*Londyn Downey — played by Brianna Langford
*Hialeah Oxendine — played by Sarah Cotton
*Jaris Sundin — played by Courtni Aries
*Veronika Earney — played by Emma Mitchell
*Kaidence Crews — played by Jamie Fritz
*Roxy Sundin — played by Aliyah Studt
*Khalil Burris — played by Lawson Burris
*Teagan Janney — played by Stephanie Swink
*Tessa Stockton — played by Taylor Vandelicht
*Ellie Cross — played by Tessa Drake
*Charissa Kirk — played by Grace Clark
*Ms. Fritz — played by Allison Shadwick
*Shane Sumner — played by Conner Lee
*Melody Hull — played by Ashley Pavlige
*Stu Charles — played by Charles Heuvelman
*Lara Camille — played by Camille Marolf
*Juliana — played by Emily Livaudais
*Jeremy Estrada — played by Charlie White
*Grant Kosanovich — played by Igor Stevanovic
*Jake — played by Stone Birkner
*Berlin Downey — played by Joanna Ferbrache
*Emma Loughborough — played by Dacey Geary
*Tara Giordano — played by Blair Dinucci
*Minister George — played by Lec Zorn
*Gemmah Qiáo — played by Sara Lin
*Jayda O'Byrne — played by Kailynne McFerran-Cruthis
*Mac Rowley — played by Randy Rambeau
*Avril O'Byrne — played by Kate Barton
*Wil — played by Mark Van Donsel
*Vanessa — played by Crystal Richardson

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3738106/ ''Up on High Ground ''] at IMDb
*[http://www.uponhighgroundtv.com/inside-the-cast-and-crew.php Up on High Ground Official Website]
*[http://www.tv.com/shows/up-on-high-ground/ TV.com]
*[https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/up-on-high-ground/707425/ tvguide.com]
*[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/Up_on_High_Ground_%28TV_series%29.html Up on High Ground on Wikipedia]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Up_on_High_Ground Up on High Ground fandom.com]
*[https://sharetv.com/shows/up_on_high_ground sharetv]
*[https://www.bnd.com/entertainment/tv/article201355454.html Belleville News Democrat]
*[https://www.myleaderpaper.com/news/men-from-imperial-and-festus-work-together-to-chase-the/article_31c95e90-18c3-11e8-b0ea-33780a9f3c8b.html Leader Publications]
*[http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground-2/1942936 Inside STL]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/34435908@N06/ Up on High Ground on Flickr]

[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Christian Media]]

Hank Aaron

2021-01-22T18:36:36Z

Technotronical:

[[File:Hank Aaron - Baseball HOF Induction 2013.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|From 1954 to 1976, Hank Aaron held the MLB record for career home runs.]]
'''Hank Aaron''' (born February 5, 1934 – January 22, 2021) in [[Mobile, Alabama]] was a retired baseball player. In April 1974, Aaron hit his 715th home run, breaking [[Babe Ruth]]'s [[Major League Baseball]] record for the most home runs in a career. Aaron finished his career with 755 home runs, a record which stood until 2007, when it was broken by [[Barry Bonds]]. Aaron began his professional career in the Negro League, and joined the MLB in 1954. He played 23 seasons, the majority with the [[Atlanta Braves|Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves]]; Aaron finished his career with the [[Milwaukee Brewers]], where he retired in 1976. Aaron played outfield, batted right and threw right.<ref>http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/sports-outdoor-recreation/hank-aaron-b-1934</ref>

Aaron's records include totals of 1,477 extra-base hits, 2,297 runs batted in, 3,298 games, and 12,364 at-bats. His records of 3,771 hits and 2,174 runs are exceeded only by [[Ty Cobb]].<ref>"Aaron, Hank". ''The New Encyclopedia Britannica''. 15th ed, Vol. 1.</ref>

Hank Aaron, a son of the Deep South in [[America]] who soared above its poverty and racism to become one of the most consequential figures in American history, died January 22,2021 at age 86.

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aaron, Hank}}

[[Category:Baseball Players]]

Hank Aaron

2021-01-22T18:36:07Z

Technotronical: Updated date of death to today for the wonderful slugger who passed away

[[File:Hank Aaron - Baseball HOF Induction 2013.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|From 1954 to 1976, Hank Aaron held the MLB record for career home runs.]]
'''Hank Aaron''' (born February 5, 1934 – January 22, 2021)) in [[Mobile, Alabama]] was a retired baseball player. In April 1974, Aaron hit his 715th home run, breaking [[Babe Ruth]]'s [[Major League Baseball]] record for the most home runs in a career. Aaron finished his career with 755 home runs, a record which stood until 2007, when it was broken by [[Barry Bonds]]. Aaron began his professional career in the Negro League, and joined the MLB in 1954. He played 23 seasons, the majority with the [[Atlanta Braves|Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves]]; Aaron finished his career with the [[Milwaukee Brewers]], where he retired in 1976. Aaron played outfield, batted right and threw right.<ref>http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/sports-outdoor-recreation/hank-aaron-b-1934</ref>

Aaron's records include totals of 1,477 extra-base hits, 2,297 runs batted in, 3,298 games, and 12,364 at-bats. His records of 3,771 hits and 2,174 runs are exceeded only by [[Ty Cobb]].<ref>"Aaron, Hank". ''The New Encyclopedia Britannica''. 15th ed, Vol. 1.</ref>
Hank Aaron, a son of the Deep South in [[America]] who soared above its poverty and racism to become one of the most consequential figures in American history, died January 22,2021 at age 86.

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aaron, Hank}}

[[Category:Baseball Players]]

Jonathan Frakes

2021-01-15T19:07:56Z

Technotronical: Added infobox image of Jonathan Frakes

{{Infobox person
|name=Jonathan Frakes
(American film, stage, television actor 
Best known for his ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=Jonathan Frakes 2018.jpg
|birth_place= Bellefonte, Pennsylvania
|birth_date=August 19, 1952
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Genie Francis
}}
'''Jonathan Frakes''' (born August 19, 1952 in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania), is known for being a prominent [[actor]] and [[director]] in [[American]] [[Television|television]] and [[Film|film]]. He is the son of Doris J. (Yingling) and Dr. James R. Frakes, a college professor. When he was younger, his parents moved with Jonathan and his younger brother Daniel to Bethlehem in eastern [[Pennsylvania]]. His father, Dr. James R. Frakes taught English at Lehigh University, where he held the Fairchild chair in American Literature until 2002 when he passed away. Frakes is most known for his role as Commander William Riker throughout seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation and in four Star Trek theatrical films. Frakes also directed eight Star Trek: The Next Generation episodes, his first in 1990 titled "The Offspring". Frakes would go on to direct 2 Star Trek feature films and multiple episodes of the subsequent Star Trek Series among 40 other TV series, including [[NCIS]]: Los Angeles, Burn Notice, Roswell, and countless others. Frakes is notable for his beard, towering height, and blue eyes. Frakes was an undergraduate at [[Penn State]] and continued his [[Education|education]] at [[Harvard]], spending several seasons with the Loeb Drama Center. Frakes then moved to [[New York]], spending five years appearing on and off Broadway in several regional [[theater]] productions. Frakes is of [[German]], and some [[English]], ancestry.

==Film, Television and theater career==
After switching his major to [[Theater|theater arts]] and graduating with a [[Bachelor's degree|bachelor's degree]] in 1974 from [[Penn State]], Frakes then moved to [[Boston]] to attain his masters degree from [[Harvard University]] by 1976.

Frakes made the big move to [[New York City]] early on in his acting career where he had a stint as [[Captain America]] for [[Marvel Comics]]. Frakes also appeared in a role on the [[Broadway]] musical "Shenandoah". Frakes joined "The Impossible Ragtime Theatre," and was part of several off-Broadway productions.
Frakes moved to [[Los Angeles]] in the late 1970s. The move proved very successful for Frakes, as he landed a recurring role as [[Vietnam Veterans Memorial|Vietnam veteran]] Tom Carroll from 1977 to 1978 on the [[soap opera]] The Doctors.

During the late 1970's and early 1980s, Frakes guest-starred on several of the big prime-time shows of the time, including Charlie's Angels, Fantasy Island, Quincy M.E., Highway to Heaven, The Dukes of Hazzard and a recurring role the Waltons. Frakes was then landing more recurring roles in such shows as the 1985 prime-time soap opera Falcon Crest where he was cast as Damon Ross. Frakes also landed roles in Paper Dolls and Bare Essence.

In early 1987 when preparing for his audition for the role of Commander William T. Riker on Star Trek: The Next Generation, Frakes had to watch videotapes from the original episodes because he knew nothing about Star Trek: The Original Series. At the urging of his soon-to-be wife Genie and her family, Jonathan went to an audition for a Riker on the new Star Trek television series at Paramount. After six weeks, and seven auditions, Frakes landed the role that would bring him worldwide fame: that of Commander William Riker on Star Trek: The Next Generation.
Frakes was interviewed and cast for Commander William T. Riker personally by [[Gene Roddenberry]]. Frakes character William T. Riker, first appeared in the first episode "Encounter at Farpoint" for [[Star Trek]]: The Next Generation in 1987. Early on in the Star Trek: The Next Generation series, Jonathan Frakes had no beard and looked very young as the first officer Riker. Frakes grew the now famous beard during the hiatus before TNG's second season as he dislikes shaving. He returned to rehearsal before shaving it. The producers liked the change and asked him to keep the beard, although a fictional reason was not given until five years later.

In addition to Star Trek: The Next Generation, Frakes has made appearances as Thomas Riker in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and William Riker in Star Trek: Voyager, Star Trek: Enterprise, and Star Trek: Picard. He is one of only two Star Trek regulars to appear on five different Star Trek series. The only other regular to match that number is Majel Barrett-Roddenberry. Frakes has also directed episodes in five of the series (Star Trek:TNG, Star Trek:DS9, Star Trek:Voyager, Star Trek:Discovery, and Star Trek:Picard).

Frakes voiced the recurring role of David Xanatos in one of [[Disney|Disney's]] most popular [[cartoon]] series Gargoyles. Jonathan Frakes and his Star Trek: The Next Generation co-stars Marina Sirtis, Michael Dorn, Brent Spiner, and LeVar Burton all lent their voices in roles for the animated series from 1994-1996.
Jonathan Frakes' wife was [[Pregnant|pregnant]] with their first child at the same time as his character's wife Fox was in the series.
Then voicing their same characters in the sequel series Gargoyles: The Goliath Chronicles from 1996-1997, however Brent Spiner and LeVar Burton did not do this series.

In 1996 in addition to co-starring, it was announced that Frakes was to be the director of the eighth Star Trek film, Star Trek: First Contact. Frakes received critical praise for his work on the film and it became the highest-grossing entry of the franchise to date. He formed a production company, Goepp Circle Productions, named after the street he lived on in Bethlehem, [[Pennsylvania]].

After Josh Brolin was host for the first 1997 season on the [[Fox Network]] anthology series "Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction", Frakes was host from 1998 to 2002, for 26 episodes.

Frakes himself, lends his voice to shows like [[Futurama]], [[Family Guy]] and the [[Cartoon Network|cartoon network]] animated series Adventure Time.

From 2016–2017 Frakes voiced the character J'son in the Guardians of the Galaxy (TV series) for 12 episodes.

In 2020 Frakes appeared in two episodes during the spin-off series first season of Star Trek:Picard as William Riker, who is now married to Deanna Troi with two children, one child passed away.

==Family and friendships==
[[File:Jonathan Frakes and Genie Francis.jpg|thumb|right|Jonathan Frakes and his wife Genie Francis at the Dallas Comic Con.]]
In 1985 and 1986, on the set of the miniseries North and South and North and South: Book II, Frakes met [[soap opera]] star Genie Francis. Frakes reportedly fell in love with Francis on the set, and they were married two years later on May 28, 1988. Jonathan and Genie have two children: Jameson Ivor Frakes (born August 20, 1994) and Elizabeth Francis Frakes (born May 30, 1997). Frakes is the Son-in-law of actor Ivor Francis and Rosemary Daley. Godmother of his son Jameson is Elizabeth Berman, wife of Star Trek producer and writer Rick Berman.

Jonathan and his wife Genie moved from Belfast, [[Maine]], to Beverly Hills, [[California]], in 2008 and later moved to the Calabasas, California area and have a home in
Woodland Hills, [[California]] in Los Angeles County.

[[Patrick Stewart]] held close relationships with Marina Sirtis, Brent Spiner and Jonathan Frakes, relationships Stewart admits were fostered mostly due to the large number of "ready room scenes" with Data, Picard, and Riker, all of which were shot late into the night mostly on Fridays after the rest of the Star Trek cast had gone home.

Frakes is also friends with [[Star Trek (original series)]] actor [[William Shatner]] stating he goes to "Shatner's for his [[Super Bowl]] Sunday.

Jonathan Frakes has a long working friendship with Rebecca Romijn having also directed her on set for 10 episodes on the TV series "The Librarians". Frakes looks forward to continuing with what he calls a "fabulous working shorthand" with Rebecca Romijn on the upcoming Star Trek:Strange New Worlds [[CBS]] series.

==Filmography==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="4" | Film
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1994
| ''Camp Nowhere''
| Bob Spiegel
|
|-
| ''Star Trek Generations''
|Commander William T. Riker
|
|-
| 1995
| ''Time Travel Through the [[Bible]]''
| Himself / Host
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Star Trek: First Contact''
| Commander William T. Riker
| Nominated–[[Blockbuster Video|Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Best Supporting Actor]] Nominated–Saturn Award for Best Director
|-
| 1998
| ''Star Trek: Insurrection''
| Commander William T. Riker
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2002
| ''Star Trek: Nemesis''
| Commander/Captain William T. Riker
|
|-
| ''Clockstoppers''
| Janitor
| uncredited
|-
| 2004
| ''Thunderbirds''
| Policeman
| uncredited
|-
| 2011
| ''The Captains (film)''
| Himself/Captain William T. Riker
|
|-
| 2017
| ''Devil's Gate''
| Sheriff
|
|-
! colspan="4" | Television
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1978
| ''Charlie's Angels''
| Brad
| Episode: "Angel on My Mind"
|-
| ''Barnaby Jones''
| David Douglas
| Episode: "Stages of Fear"
|-
| ''Fantasy Island''
| Kirk Wendover
| Episode: "The War Games/Queen of the Boston Bruisers"
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1979
| ''The Waltons''
| Ashley Longworth Jr.
| Episode: "The Lost Sheep" and "The Legacy"
|-
| ''Eight Is Enough''
| Chapper
| Episode: "Separate Ways"
|-
| ''The White Shadow (TV series)''
| Basketball Player
| Episode: "One of the Boys" (uncredited)
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1980
| ''Beulah Land''
| Adam Davis
|
|-
| ''The Night the City Screamed''
| Richard Hawkins
|
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1981
| ''The Dukes of Hazzard''
| Jamie Lee Hogg
| Episode: "Mrs. Daisy Hogg"
|-
| ''Harper Valley PTA (TV series)''
| Clutch Breath
| Episode: "Low Noon"
|-
|rowspan="5"| 1982
| ''Hart to Hart''
| Adam Blake
| Episode: "Harts and Palms"
|-
| ''Hill Street Blues''
| Drug dealer
| Episode: "Of Mouse and Man"
|-
| ''Quincy, M.E.''
| Leon Bohannon
| Episode: "The Face of Fear"
|-
| ''Quincy, M.E.''
| Surgeon
| Episode: "Ghost of a Chance"
|-
| ''Voyagers!''
| [[Charles Lindbergh]]
| Episode: "An Arrow Pointing East"
|-
| 1983
| ''Bare Essence''
| Marcus Marshall
| Several episodes.
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1984
| ''Highway to Heaven''
| Arthur Krock, Jr.
| Episode: "A Devine Madness"
|-
| ''Five Mile Creek''
| Adam Scott
| Episode: "Gold Fever"
|-
| ''The Fall Guy''
| Connors
| Episode: "Always Say Always"
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1985
| ''The New Twilight Zone''
| Single Guy
| Episode: "But Can She Type?"
|-
| ''North and South (TV miniseries)''
| Stanley Hazard
|
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1986
| ''Dream West''
| Lt. Archibald Gillespie
|
|-
| ''Matlock (TV series)''
| D.A. Park
| Episode: "The Angel"
|-
| 1987–1994
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation''
| Commander William T. Riker
| 176 episodes - Also portrayed transporter duplicate Lt. Thomas Riker in ''Second Chances''
|-
| 1988
| ''Reading Rainbow''
| Himself
| Episode: "The Bionic Bunny Show"
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1994
| ''Wings (NBC TV series)''
| Gavin Rutledge
| Episode: "All's Fare"
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''
| Lt. Thomas Riker
| Episode: "Defiant"
|-
| ''Journey's End: The Saga of Star Trek: The Next Generation''
| Host
| Documentary
|-
| 1994–1996
| ''Gargoyles (TV series)''
| David Xanatos, Coyote
| Voice
|-
|rowspan=3"| 1995
| ''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman''
| Tim Lake
| Episode: "Don't Tug on Superman's Cape"
|-
| 1995
| ''Cybill''
| Himself
| Episode: "Starting on the Wrong Foot"
|-
| 1995
| ''Alien Autopsy: Fact or Fiction?''
| Host/Narrator
|-
| 1996
| ''Star Trek: Voyager''
| Commander William T. Riker
| Episode: "Death Wish"
|-
| 1998–2002
| ''Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction?''
| Himself
| 45 episodes
|-
| 1999
| ''Roswell (TV series)''
| Himself
| Episode: "The Convention"
|-
| 2000
| ''3rd Rock from the Sun''
| Larry McMichael
| Episode: "Gwen, Larry, Dick and Mary"
|-
| 2000
| ''Ghosts: Caught on Tape''
| Narrator
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Futurama]]''
| Himself
| Voice; Episode: "Where No Fan Has Gone Before"
|-
| 2005
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise''
| Commander William T. Riker
| Episode: "These Are the Voyages..."
|-
|2005,2009
| ''[[Family Guy]]''
| Commander William T. Riker/Himself
| Episode: "Peter's Got Woods" & "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven"
|-
| 2009
| ''Leverage (TV series)''
| Patient in Neck Brace
| Episode: "The Snow Job" (uncredited)
|-
|rowspan="2"| 2010
| ''Criminal Minds''
| Dr. Arthur Malcolm
| Episode: "The Uncanny Valley"
|-
| ''[[NCIS]]: Los Angeles''
| Navy Commander Dr. Stanfill
| Episode: "Disorder"
|-
| 2011
| ''The Super Hero Squad Show''
| High Evolutionary
| Voice; Episode: "The Devil Dinosaur You Say!"
|-
| rowspan="2" |2012
| ''Leverage (TV series)''
| Man at Consumer Products Safety Commission
| Episode: "The Toy Job" (uncredited)
|-
|Castle (TV series)
|Richard Castle Fan
|Episode "The Final Frontier" (uncredited)
|-
| 2013
| ''Adventure Time''
|Finn the Human (Adult Finn)
| Voice; Episodes: "Puhoy" and "Dungeon Train"
|-
| 2014
| ''Hit the Floor (TV series)''
| Hank
| Episode: "Blow Out"
|-
| 2016–2017
| ''Guardians of the Galaxy (TV series)''
| J'son
| Voice; 12 episodes
|-
|rowspan="2"| 2016
| ''Miles from Tomorrowland''
| Grandpa Vincent
| Voice; Episodes: "Galactech: Still Rocketing/Merc's Night Out" & "The Adventures of Jet Retrograde/The Tiny Aliens"
|-
| ''Future-Worm!''
| Steak Starbolt
| Voice
|-
| 2018
| ''After Trek''
| Himself
| Aftershow Episode 11
|-
|2019
| ''How to Sell Drugs Online (Fast)''
| Himself
| Episode: "Life's Not Fair, Get Used to It"
|-
| rowspan=2| 2020
| ''Star Trek: Picard''
| Captain William T. Riker
| 2 episodes
|-
| ''The Ready Room''
| Himself
| Aftershow Episode: "Episode 20"
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000408/ Jonathan Frakes at the IMDb database]
*[http://www.tv.com/people/jonathan-frakes/ tv.com]

[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:Directors]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

Up on High Ground

2021-01-02T08:25:18Z

Technotronical: Awards added to main paragraph

{{Infobox Film
| name= Up on High Ground
| image=Up On High Ground poster.jpg
| caption= Psychological, pathological, and a pretty typical day of students who make this school of no fools and broken rules.
| director=Bryan Kreutz Tommy Callahan
| producer=Bryan Kreutz Joe McGettigan Brayden Patterson Lec Zorn Brianna Langford Stacey Nation
| writer=Bryan Kreutz Lec Zorn Joanna Ferbrache Tommy Callahan Emma Jane Mitchell
| narrator=
| starring=Brayden Patterson Cody Jarvis Rylee Cravens Billy Ingoldsby Erin Morris Sydney Thomas Matthew Becker Molly Cravens
| music=Matt Griffin, Scott Paul Lewis
| cinematography=Mike Frolos, Igor Stevanovic, Dwayne Simmons, Aaron Basham, Tony Barsanti
| editing=Dale Ward, Jim Pruett, James Burke, Aaron Basham, Justice Simpson
| distributor=[[Pure Flix]], [[The CW]]
| released=October 25, 2014–October 26, 2015
| runtime=28 min. (Per Episode)
| No. of Seasons=1
| No. of Episodes=9
| country=USA
| language=English
| budget=$10,000 (estimated)
| gross=
| preceded_by=
| followed_by=
| website=http://www.uponhighgroundtv.com/
| amg_id=
| imdb_id=3738106
}}

'''''Up on High Ground''''' is an [[American]] family [[drama]], syndicated [[television]] series, directed by Tommy Callahan and [[Bryan Kreutz]]. The half hour weekly episodic series was originally aired in syndication on [[The CW]] television affiliates and [[Pure Flix]] from October 25, 2014 to October 26, 2015, and was distributed by Pure Flix with Brayden Patterson Productions LLC. The [[Christian]] lead [[character]] and many characters of the series were committed to using modern day [[biblical]] principals throughout the show, comprising nine television episodes, while being produced in the [[United States of America]]. Up on High Ground was nominated for best television series in 2020, five years after originally airing by Roku Detaron TV awards. The same year Up on High Ground's lead actress [[Rylee Cravens]] went on to receive the award for Best Actress in a television series/film playing Savannah Swanson.

==Plot and setting==
A college psychology [[student]] is tested daily with his roommates, one in [[friendship]], and the other on patience as a third wheel freeloader friend of sorts. Dillon and his roommate Landon are majoring their college courses in applied developmental [[psychology]]: variability in teacher-student interactions at East Valley Academy [[High School]].

Dillon, a fairly good guy who pictures himself a [[role model]], a [[leader]] - being ''Christlike'', must deal with his [[unemployed]] roommate crashing on the couch, and being more than just a neighborly [[influence]] to his neighbor Jaris, a [[Widow|widowed]], [[pregnant]], [[mother]] of three [[children]]. An ongoing high school feud of girl foes is at the top of Dillon and Landon’s psychology matters, as the two influence their students to try and [[convert]] their principal leader from [[Buddhism]] to [[Christianity]].Set at the [[fictional]] East Valley Academy High School near the city and in suburbs of [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], and [[Illinois]], it follows the emotional travails of three roommates, two of them, Dillon and Landon, interning for [[college]] courses in psychology, studying student teacher interactions of several [[teenagers]]. The story arc parallels with a neighborly community, centered around roommates Dillon, Landon, and Bogroe. These roommates at both the school and around their [[apartment]] homes are connected to an entourage of teens, mainly two student rivals, in the social circle of main teen characters Savannah Swanson, played by [[Rylee Cravens]] and [[Erin O'Byrne]] played by [[Erin Morris]].

==History and Production==
Originally, Up on High Ground was a product of BK Studios as created by Bryan Kreutz in a first draft series proposal, dated February 2013. Before it was a TV series in 2013, [[Bryan Kreutz]], Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan were meeting several times a week and on weekends while in [[Pre-production]] to carefully comb through characters, scripts already written, and available crew members to build the full production in the [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]] area. After the first three aforementioned scripts, that were filmed in reverse production order weren't getting any networks to bite via Kreutz and Patterson's agent, other duties to get the pilot script officially under a [[Copyright]] by the [[Library of Congress]] office in [[Washington D.C.]] were being carried out.

Beginning with a single pilot episode, ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'', filming began in August 2013, using three separate episode scripts, filmed in reverse production order, starting first with ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"'', ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2"'', then filming ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'' last. Director Thomas Callahan recommended filming the three scripts in reverse production order to get chemistry created and on-screen characters down pat by the time the actual pilot would be up and presented to networks as the best work from the cast. Up on High Ground was not placed on the schedule of television affiliates on The CW network until a second pilot episode, to precede the original titled ''"Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness"'', was produced in 2014. The second pilot was written solely by Joanna Ferbrache, then a co-writer credit was added for Bryan Kreutz for two scenes re-added from the original pilot. One scene is a crucial Mr. Stu Charles classroom scene from the original pilot, blended into Ferbrache's script. Ferbrache's script originally included more students and much of the scene Kreutz wrote already from the original pilot, however the footage taped already from the original pilot was added before and after Ferbrache's script to compliment it.

Up on High Ground officially went into production on August 31, 2013 and ran for one season until it was canceled in the fall of 2015. The series originally aired in TV syndication on affiliates of [[The CW]] and [[Pure Flix]] from October 25, 2014, to October 26, 2015. Up on High Ground was distributed by [[Pure Flix]] with parent production company Brayden Patterson Productions. In association with BK Studios.

Once IAMFlix, later Pure Flix signed the series to distribute and The CW network affiliates fell inline together as it's main distributors, the series would be required to write and produce a new full pilot episode to precede the original, containing more main [[character]] back-story and establishment. In a very short period of time within the spring of 2014 Kreutz and McGettigan interviewed several people for the marketing and public relations crew as they wanted to increase visibility locally and eventually into the East cost. This was achieved as the show would begin airing in the fall on several affiliates in Missouri and Pennsylvania to begin. Bryan Kreutz has personally said on record that "Joanna Ferbrache saved this would be series and if it wasn't for her new pilot script and her zeal of great energy and enthusiasm in pursuit of this TV series objective, we may of never been able to air the would be series."

Joanna Ferbrache was originally hired by Kreutz and McGettigan as crew performing the [[marketing]] and public relations, but would also deliver the infamous pilot script and co-write the second script to propel the series off the ground in 2014.

==Production==
[[File:Up On High Ground filming apartment.jpg|thumb|Behind the camera while on set with the college psychology roommates Landon (Left) and Dillon (Right)]]
Production of Up on High Ground took place from August 2013 until 2014, when the production was shopped around by series creators [[Bryan Kreutz]] and Brayden Patterson's agent Mandi Morris. Once the series landed on the aforementioned network and streaming services, production continued in the late summer of 2014 which took the franchise from now four produced and ready to air episodes in the can, to a script ready to produce for episode five titled "The Quintessence of a Situation". The remaining episodes six, seven, eight, and nine, were all produced sequentially and uninterrupted until the series was canceled in the fall of 2015.

The series was primarily shot with a single Canon HD [[camera]], at times with dual cameras. The crew includes [[Emmy Award]]-winning editor Dale Ward, and Bryan Kreutz who has directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being [[Revolution 618]]. Aside from one scene written by Emma Jane Mitchell, and the two pilot episodes, original and 2nd episode, co-written by Joanna Ferbrache, All 9 episodes were pinned from the collaborative script writing of Lec Zorn and Bryan Kreutz. With the exception of episode 4 which was also co-written by Thomas Callahan. On set production ceased for the series in October 2015.

==Episode availability licenses==
Amazon Prime Video took the rights of the pilot episode 1 ''"Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness"'' in 2017. Later in spring 2019, episode 2 ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'', episode 3 ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, part 2"'' and episode 4 ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"'' were made available on Amazon Prime. As of May 2020, all nine episodes in the complete series are available on Roku channel Detaron TV.

Older licenses for previously aired episodes are no longer available on television after their syndicated run on [[the CW]] TV affiliates and on Video-on-demand with [[Pure Flix]]. Several scripts and material belong to numerous companies. Plans to have the entire series available on a streaming platform going forward were discussed heavily by the production companies and teams after the series run, but it took until 2019 to have availability on Amazon Prime, then 2020 to be on RoKu.

==Broadcast and home media==
The first and only season consisted of nine episodes, the first eight episodes a half-hour-long, and the ninth and final episode at one-hour-long. The episodes which were released worldwide on Pure Flix Entertainment on October 25, 2014 had the first three episodes available on this date, then subsequent episodes available throughout its run.

===First-run syndication===
The half hour episode series was released in the United States airing on numerous Television affiliates of The CW in the Midwest and East Coast of the United States. With other CW affiliates airing all 9 episodes, only 1 episode aired on the KPLR-TV CW Affiliate in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], where the entire series was taped, due to a new [[closed captioning]] rule.

==Casting and Character development ==
[[File:Erin_Morris-_Up_on_High_Ground.jpg|thumb|Erin Morris plays one of the more notable teen students in this entourage of characters as the [[Red Hair|red haired]] girl Erin O'Byrne]]
This series marks the third time that Brayden Patterson, Joe McGettigan, Neil McDonald, [[Bryan Kreutz]] and [[Erin Morris]] have worked together alongside sisters Rylee and Molly Cravens. The first was the 2013 Indie Fest USA qualifying short film, To Inflict, and the second was the feature film Hercules: The Brave and the Bold.

Savannah Swanson was based on creator Kreutz’s blonde haired popular girl classmates, Carrie Spooner and Jill Gant, who spent all of middle school and high school together. [[Rylee Cravens]] who played Savannah was meant to have a haughty, big attitude as the most popular girl and rival the class smart girl Erin. Kreutz, who worked closely with Cravens in two previous films, knew she would be the perfect fit to play this lead girl role without an audition, stating “She was your A-typical [[American]] popular girl and that's what we cast her for”.

Additionally the [[character]] Erin was based on Kreutz best friend's short-lived girlfriend. This girlfriend, was a classmate of Kreutz, whom at the time in [[high school]], like the character, had very deep curly [[Red Hair|red hair]] and smarts.

The character of Bogroe was not part of the original [[concept]] for the show. Creators Kreutz and Patterson had an original script and storyboard to include only Dillon and Landon, who were based upon the real lives of Off-the-cuff comedy between then roommates Brayden Patterson and Byron L. Wilson. However, Crystal Richardson, a future guest star working with Kreutz suggested a third freeloading character be placed in the cast to be the recipient of the butt end of [[jokes]]. Richardson suggested to Kreutz to have this third wheel roommate be written as combinations of the Dimwitted character Cole Brown and also "Tommy" Strawn, both were two of Martin Payne's three best friends on the 1990's comedy Martin (TV series). Bogroe's crashing on the couch as a temporarily-permanent fixture comes under scrutiny with his apparent mysterious [[unemployment]] status. This was a running gag throughout the show until his D-Jay gig is discovered in the finale, which was also written in closely paralleling the Martin best friends.

Joe McGettigan, the supervising Producer on this new series "Up on High Ground" brought in a production assistant who would eventually play the role of Bogroe on the second day of taping, which coincidentally was being filmed at McGettigan's former house now turned a set in the Dutch town district of St. Louis. Billy Patricks, this production assistant turned main character, proved his improv skills and quick script retention to be invaluable in a late pinch. When production began after weeks of delays, the actor who was originally going to play Bogroe didn’t show up to the location set on call time, thus he was fired even though not under a [[contract]] yet. The role was immediately given to Patricks and he assumed the role for the entire series without an audition. The creators were "blown away" both by his acting ability and demeanor in playing a down and out un-employed freeloader.
[[File:Up On High Ground - script reading on set.jpg|thumb|Script reading by the the student cast members while on the classroom set. Malissa Williams (Left), [[Erin Morris]] (Left center), Matthew Becker (Right Center), and Rylee Cravens (Right)]]
The first three table readings of the pilot script were notable because the producers had another [[actor]] playing Bogroe and Byron L. Wilson playing Landon, which affected main cast chemistry when one was fired and then Wilson having to leave because of family obligations. Essentially Producers never heard main cast members Billy Patricks or Cody Jarvis read lines because they were cast without auditions after the first three table readings occurred and the series was practically into production.

The producers of Up on High Ground selected Matthew Becker as the first casting choice for main cast roles upon completing the first three episode scripts in pre-production. Along with Becker, Erin Morris had previously worked together with most of the producers on an Independent feature film as well in St. Louis. Hours after Becker was asked to play Griffin, Morris was asked to play the rival classmate to Savannah and kept her real first name for the role, Erin.

Casting the main teacher Mr. Neil Rowley was played by Neil McDonald, whom is the most senior teacher at the school (East Valley Academy). McDonald previously played in several productions and a TV commercial with Bryan Kreutz.

==Characters summary==
==="Main characters"===

'''Dillon Magnum'''. Played by Brayden Patterson. An early 20's college student who's neighborly, open-minded, athletic as a track champion. He shares the rent with Landon Lofton who's also taking practically the same college courses with him. His other roommate, a friend from high school named Bogroe, stays with him as a freeloader who's sleeping on the couch. Dillon takes responsibility and stands up for Bogroe knowing his old friend has fallen on hard times. A student of Saint Louis university, majoring in psychology along with Landon they are finishing up taking College Prep Classes at a local high school, East Valley Academy. Landon regularly gets opportunities to do the right thing (or not) and follow [[Christian]] principles, such as the biblical principal "Love thy neighbor as thyself." The Dillon character develops a friendship with the Sundin family as he goes out of his way to assist the mother, A widow with three kids. His girlfriend is Veronika Earney.

'''Landon Lofton'''. Played by Cody Jarvis. The original of the two roommates with Dillon, and, as a Christian, is really intent, with the help of Dillon, to convert their down and out roommate Bogroe from being a walking advertisement for welfare into a straightforward, taxpaying good man, and Christ believer. Landon frequently brings up Christianity to their former high school principal, whom they also do student teacher courses under this principal's tenure. Landon shows a heightened animosity towards Bogroe and his laziness of hogging the couch and by forcing him to apply for 10 jobs a week with e-mail confirmations sent. Often a fun guy to watch an anime or a play a basketball game 1-on-1, he helps coach his [[high school]] freshman neighbor Griffin, often meeting with him on the courts and afterwards for talks on strategy. His girlfriend, Tara Giordano, is referred to multiple times but only seen once.
[[File:Rylee Cravens - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Rylee Cravens stars as the school's popular student, Savannah Swanson]]
'''Savannah Swanson'''. Played by Rylee Cravens. A blonde, [[High School]] Sophomore. Savannah is the most popular girl at the high school East Valley Academy and a riled up [[gossip]] girl. Savannah lives the luxury life in the Upper East Side of the burbs with her dad and freshman sister Thea. When with her friends, notably Sydney or Teagan, she points out others downfalls or creates rumor starting stories to their achievements to make them appear as superficial achievements. Typically her arguments, rumors, or frustration is toward student rivals Erin, Miri, or less popular girls who have gained a certain importance she feels is infringing on her as the main focal point of attention. Ms. Fritz meets Savannah in the teachers lounge and essentially treats Savannah as the teacher's pet giving her the requirements on what the judges will be looking for to make the madrigal show [[choir]] squad. There is a rumor going around school with some students that a show choir is being formed and Savannah divulges the information to a known nerd Miri, who is friends with [[Erin O'Byrne]] that Savannah tries to deceitfully encourage the two to try out, ultimately to make a fool out of them during the auditions. Her boyfriend is Shane and her best friend is Sydney. Savannah has that red dress effect, often wearing one that makes her pop out as the beautiful girl moving into womanhood. The red summer dress effect she's wearing so often, is essentially a putative phenomenon in which the teen sophomore is perceived to be more alluring than when than when she's wearing other more conservative clothing or colors. According to Erin, Savannah dressed like a stripper to impress Shane one time, showing a possible expansion of a love triangle outside of Savannah with Shane and Shane with Londyn. Savannah fequently speaks her guy troubles to Sydney who are both inseparable even to the point where the two have no regard for the teachers lesson in class to move and talk all class long next to each other while also openly tormenting [[Erin O'Byrne]].

'''Bartholomew Bogroe'''. Played by Billy Patricks. An early 20's couch crashing freeloader, living as the third wheel roommate with Dillon and Landon for no payment and, as such, is really cashing in on a side gig as a Deejay. Dillon and Landon question neighbor Brody about Bogroe's unusual behavior and coy smiles when Landon continues to see online Job applications filtering to his inbox as a copy when Bogroe applies. Bogroe has an ongoing feud of words with sassy neighbor Hayley who follows him to discover he has been storing music equipment for Deejay gigs. Brody, who knows more than Bogroe's roommates about his side gig, ultimately is one of the two neighbors who divulge Bogroe's secret life much to his demise of his hopes to live at the apartment for free. Bogroe's girlfriend is the beautiful Asian cook and model Gemma Qiao.

'''[[Erin O'Byrne]]'''. Played by [[Erin Morris]]. [[High School]] Sophomore, and a integral part of the state finalist show choir team. Erin is an introverted, super smart [[Red Hair|redhead]], and much to the chagrin of her class [[rival]] Savannah, she is the president of the school's drama department. The immense fecundity of her imagination on ways she and Miri play Savannah a fool, make a profound impact on Savannah, progressively to changing her mind into an eventual acceptance by the rival classmate. Evident by very vocal and seemingly subtle class notes and harsh looks at each other, Erin and Savannah are singled out by Mrs. Hialeah. The two girls must stand front and center in psychology class as do not do examples, and are assigned an ongoing cooperative project to meet outside of school and complete it together.
Revealing she was accepted into the prestigious Abbey School of Acting in [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]] to friends, a confrontation of sorts ensues about her gifts from God when Savannah throws her out of her house when the two are finishing their required joint school cooperative project together. Erin mentions to her best friend Miri that her in-school restraining order with rival Savannah shouldn't restrict her from participating in a new school show [[choir]]. She is seen hanging around Griffin Sundin playing [[basketball]] and quickly gets swept away by his charm. Erin develops a quick crush on her younger, freshman classmate, Griffin Sundin, as the two eventually become a very stable couple. The new couple are boldly found making out in the library by Principal Guidry while Griffin is supposed to be in detention, but they play it cool when caught. Erin is noticeably close to her college aged sister Jayda who's practically a spitting image of Erin herself and teaches her lessons on letting lesser under-aged lower-classmates gossip be meaningless. Erin gives a very facetious and reassuring nod to Miri's story of Londyn spearheading a supportive facade laced with a manipulative video taped guy fling between Erin and Savannah's boyfriend Shane, to steal a man away from Savannah.
[[File:A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from episode Gone, but not Forgotten for the TV show Up on High Ground.png|right|thumb|A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from the episode "Gone, but not Forgotten" of the syndicated TV Family Drama "[[Up on High Ground]]".]]
'''Griffin Sundin'''. Played by Matthew Becker. Griffin Sundin is a show choir singer, talented [[dancer]], and basketball player who gets private lessons from East Valley High varsity coach Landon Lofton during his high school freshmen year. Griffin lives in an apartment across from Landon and Dillon with his Mother Jaris and sisters Hayley and Roxy. Griffin has a twin sister, Hayley Sundin. Griffin is best friends with Khalil, a classmate in a higher grade level at the local high school. His girlfriend Erin is one year ahead of him in school although they are about the same age, boldly he is found making out with his new girlfriend while in detention by Principal Guidry and plays it cool when caught.In the next to last episode, Griffin proclaims his love for Erin, knowing she is leaving for acting school in Ireland for the upcoming summer break. Griffin mentions to Dillon that East Valley Academy recently retired his father’s Basketball Jersey number, the son of the late Johan Sundin, a [[Swedish]] basketball league great in the Ligan, meaning simply the “League” in [[Sweden]]. He quickly swept away his girlfriend [[Erin O'Byrne]], but is noticeably down and out when she tells him officially she'll be back for summer break to be with him after getting accepted to the Abby school of acting in Ireland, placing their openly romantic relationship on hold.
[[File:Griffin and Hayley - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Students at East Valley academy, the Sundin twins. These birth-bound two souls, so closely allied, yet so different]]
'''Sydney Ashdown'''. Played by Sydney Thomas. A "solo-[[pianist]]-singer”, a bit of an american desi girl, but will avoid being called it in place of being known as a [[keratin]] treatment idea she once capitalizes on from her former friend Londyn. Sydney has an amazing, unique and sweet personality when she wants to, but is prone to fall into the rich, backup her bestie at all costs high school girl, prone to sarcastic remarks. She comes prepared to talk to her best friend Savannah Swanson during class even while teachers are giving a lesson. Sydney is seen talking through the entire class on the phone and face to face with friends, even telling the teacher "why are you teaching during my conversation" when confronted by Mrs. Hialeah. Sydney often goes by the nickname Syd, especially by the students she is surrounded by. She and her best friend Savannah are always hanging around guys or sipping coffee at a local café, during, before, and after school. Sydney, is instrumental, literally, in the first year school madrigal show choir making it to finals as a pianist and vocalist. She takes the advice of rival student Londyn Downey, to get [[Keratin]] treatments at a high end salon when her close friend Teagan Janney, meets up with her. Teagan mentions she is surprised the two aren't meeting up with Savannah and Thea at Starskie's, Sydney states "No..No.. Savannah needs time to reflect, she's thinking about Shane non-stop." Jake, Sydney's current boyfriend, indicates the two have been going out for a while, reminding her its been 8 months when she mistakenly said it was 6 months late in the series. Sydney mentions Jake's parents offered her a job as a solo-artist singer under a small record label in [[Seattle]] upon graduation. Jake makes a heartfelt move to solidify his relationship with Sydney by surprising her with a promise [[ring]]. Sydney is very happy by the sweet gesture and accepts the ring with a kiss for Jake. Later, when talking with Savannah, she reveals that she is torn between having feelings for Jake and Landon, a college psychology student teaching and observing at her school.

'''Hayley Sundin'''. Played by Molly Cravens. 15-year-old "verbally-vivacious" Freshman girl at East Valley Academy high school. She has a twin brother, Griffin Sundin whom she often places blame for everything towards. Her infamous catchphrase is a very sarcastic and distinctive phrase ("Do we have to start like this") that she normally says after a rude or snide comment. Her father, a Swedish professional basketball player died at a young age and she relies upon her single mother and neighbor Dillon for parental influences. Among three children of a widowed mom, she appears to be affected the most in grieving for her deceased father when dreaming of past memories that have a profound outcome. She is in the East Valley Academy show choir after a strong solo singing performance for the try out auditions, but is noticeably gone when a Laryngitis epidemic forces several students to miss the State finals competition. She's a cute natural blonde and knows it with her own confidence and attitude when she tells Bogroe "But I'm cute duh! I can walk whenever I wan't! You're not the man of the house, Landon and Dillon are."

==="Supporting characters"===

East valley academy the high school and classrooms were where much of the series took place is where almost all of the supporting characters were present in the setting.

'''Neil Rowley'''. Played by Neil McDonald. Mr. Neil Rowley, who goes by Mr. Neil, is a science teacher and newly appointed school board member. By default, not by choice, Mr. Neil has been volunteered to work double tasks at East Valley Academy School by new Principal Guidry due to budget cuts. He is mentioned as being the most senior teacher at East Valley Academy school when his close friend and teacher Mr. Stu Charles is dismissed from school for a scandal. Close friends with Mrs. Hialeah, whom he fondly calls "Hi", Mr. Neil is reluctantly insistent to stay out of the scandal with Mr. Stu Charles after a long conversation with Mrs. Hialeah. His son, Mac, who was the first ever valedictorian at East Valley academy, speaks positively of his father as he addresses the current graduating class during the final scene of the series.

'''Thea Swanson'''. Played by Jessica Jordan. Thea is the younger blonde Swanson sister and a freshman at East Valley Academy School. She's noticeably close with her sophomore sister Savannah and friend Sydney. Even though she's younger she's not a tag along, but contributes to the plans of her sister and her friends in addition to her own set of friends. Her best friend is Hayley Sundin, with whom she is seen with often at the Sundin apartment preparing to play some video games or snooping around. Although she is popular and well liked she has a quiet side and, uncharacteristically for a popular girl, she likes Star Trek. She often wears a Star Trek pendant and is seen wearing a themed T-shirt when getting ready before school. She sings a solo during the state show choir competition and is only one of six remaining East Valley students left after a laryngitis outbreak shorthand's the choir squad. Thea is one of the most expert dancers as she is seen on the high school stage performing her dance moves effortlessly throughout the series.

'''Miri Cyanne'''. Played by Malissa Williams. Miri is the freckle-faced girl next door, (Although she often covers them with makeup). She portrays herself as a cool [[geek]]. Sophomore, 16, shy at times, open-minded, strong willed, she is extrovert but in her own eloquently straightforward way. She is a member of the new show choir team. Her best friend is [[Erin O'Byrne]], whom she is seen with or talking about in nearly every scene she is present in. Her dad often sends her [[YouTube]] videos as she goes about her day, though she is interested in them she appears annoyed the first time she mentions it to Savannah. Very confident in herself, Miri states to Savannah when asking about a possible tryout for show choir "if you want something you have to go for it". Miri Cyanne perfectly complemented her bestie Erin for both having their good looks but also smarts and offbeat way about carrying out a masterful adolescent agenda on occasion together.

'''Principal Guidry'''. Played by Joe McGettigan. Principal at East Valley Academy High School and openly a practicing Buddhist.A new principal taking over for a formerly failing regime on the school board, Guidry added his own group of teachers to act as the new council members. He makes it a point to use other resources for alternative funding like “Box tops for education clippings” brought in by all teachers and faculty. Not by his choice and under protest teacher Mr. Rowley has been volunteered by Guidry, to work as a council member in an early episode. During Melody Hull's final valedictorian speech to end the series, she extends Principal Guidry an open invitation to come to her [[Christian]] [[Church]].

'''Jaris Sundin'''. Played by Courtni Aries. An overworked 32-year-old widowed supermom, and neighbor to Dillon and his roommates, Jaris is the mother of three children. Jaris is noticeably pregnant with a fourth child on the way in the first few episodes of the series. Her husband Johan died recently, and she seeks support from her new friend Kaidence, a school counselor at East Valley Academy. Upon Khalil’s loss of his last immediate family member in the pilot episode, Jaris specifically conveys her support and understanding of family loss with Khalil, a classmate of Hayley and Griffin’s. Shortly after Khalil’s attempted [[suicide]], Jaris and her daughter Hayley, offer support by cooking and providing extra blankets to Khalil knowing Dillon has essentially become a foster family to Khalil.

'''Brody Vanderschmidt'''. Played by [[Bryan Kreutz]]. Brody is Dillon and Landon's nosy neighbor and expert video gamer. He is present with Dillon, Landon, or the Sundin twins playing video games, talking about video games, or dabbling into matters that concern his surrounding neighbors more than they should him. He gets a job as a Taxidermist after dressing up in a tacky suit for the interview. Brody who knows about ways to get [[hockey]] tickets online for cheap refers Bogore to stub-hub while helping him store his equipment in the Horseshoe apartment storage area. While helping Bogroe store his bulky DJ equipment it is apparent he knows more when Bogroe's roommates and Brody get into a conversation about his appearance. It is apparent that Brody is involved heavily in an ongoing cover up of Bogroe's side gig DJ job and eventually is one of two neighbors who reveal the truth to Dillon and Landon.

'''Mrs. Hialeah'''. Played by Sarah Cotton. Psychology teacher at East Valley Academy High School and openly into the psychological and emotional state of her students. In one of the first scenes of the pilot episode Hialeah is shown speaking in front of her class with an emotionally driven statement to her students. "I want to be that teacher that crosses the line. The one you remember... a teacher whose passion for students inspires them to go that extra step". Hialeah sticks alongside her friend Mr. Neil, when his best friend, and teacher, Mr. Stu is under a scandal at the school. She Singles out two students on the spot making them stand front and center in class as do not do examples. Hialeah's discipline is to have the school's most popular girl Savannah, and smartest girl Erin, have to endure an ongoing cooperative project together after school. Mrs. Hialeah's philosophy of student discipline goes too far in they eyes of Avril, Erin's mom, as she makes an in school visit confrontation.

'''Londyn Downey'''. Played by Brianna Langford. Londyn is a sophomore at East Valley Academy High School and a cheerleader. She's the former best friend of Savannah, seemingly from years past and has a bitter attitude towards Savannah now. Londyn is seen sitting next to Shane closely as if an item again, even though they are exes and Shane and Savannah are a couple. Londyn takes advantage of an opportunity to take Savannah’s on again off again boyfriend Shane back when she tells Savannah’s best Friend Sydney she is not moving out of St. Louis after all. Londyn sets up a specific café confrontation and unexpectedly gets tag teamed by two of Savannah’s friends. Londyn works part-time mostly after school as a sales representative at the Triumph Sports store in St.Louis. She is seen in an early episode selling sports skorts to the East Valley High Track and Basketball coaches in an effort to cut down on costs.A very convincing personality, her charm suits her beauty well as an effective sporty sales rep, Cheer-leading captain, and popular girl who is at the top of her game. Her sister is Berlin, and is only seen in one episode while the two sisters are at home.

'''Veronika Earney'''. Played by Emma Mitchell. Veronika is Dillon's on again and off again girlfriend. She is the daughter of a former alternative rock group producer who turned to Catholicism with a final album recently produced. She is pushed too far to join in on going to Dillon's Church to change her life. She initially tries to maintain her relationship with alcohol after a less than responsible upbringing by her father, but validates her childhood and goodness by her actively catholic mother primarily raising her. In the Pilot episode Veronika implores Dillon to move in with her, even though they are not married, he gives a dissertation on waiting that pushes her away enough to return to drinking and eavesdropping in distrust of his motives.Her best friend Juliana, questions Dillon on pushing Veronika too far and he eventually apologizes to her getting her back as a girlfriend.

'''Tessa Stockton'''. Played by Taylor Vandelicht. Tessa is a freshman at East Valley Academy School and close with her younger sister Mackenzie, whom is a girl scout. She is anything but quiet or soft-spoken, often vocalizing her opinion in and out of class. She's the one student who is seen as friends with both Savannah and Erin at the same time, ultimately becoming the victim of sisters Savannah and Thea's wrath at a cafe for being supportive of Erin's news of studying acting abroad.

'''Kaidence Crews'''. Played by Jamie Fritz. Counselor at East Valley academy High School and a bubbly blonde who is known to be in Principal Guidry’s business. She's friends with Jaris Sundin, helping her through her loss of a spouse and with her daughter Hayley's teacher touching situation. She guides many of the students emotionally, notably Savannah and her boyfriend troubles, Erin and her haughty behavior towards Savannah, and Khalil's suicidal and social behaviors.

'''Teagan Janney'''. Played by Stephanie Swink. The fashionable "other best friend" of Savannah Swanson. Teagan is a girl who has an eye for hair and fashion as she not only looks good, but she's the kind with that attractive high self-esteem. She helps taunt, but also has an analytical mentality when in two separate instances she is talking to Mr.Rowley and Londyn, appearing to be a smart mentor. She is the victim of a reported shoulder touching incident in class leading to Mr.Charles dismissal of teaching duties, when Hayley reports it to Counselor Kaidence.

'''Melody Hull'''. Played by Ashley Pavlige. A great singer who is neutral in her friendships often playing the mediator in arguments or careless convo's involving her many friends and is clearly the voice of reason. She is often seen sitting or hanging around with Khalil, Ellise, and Erin O'Byrne. Melody is the very last character seen speaking at the end of the series, giving her podium graduating [[Valedictorian]] speech as she sneaks in the final words to invite her [[Buddhist]] principal to her [[Christian]] church.

==Episodes Summary==
{| class="wikitable"
!Episode Name || Date of Release || Director(s) || Writer(s) || Story outline
|-
|'''''Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness'''''|| October 25, 2014|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Joanna Ferbrache, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Roommates Dillon Magnum and Landon Lofton are moving out of an apartment and into a new apartment in St. Louis, likely to be further away from Saint Louis University (SLU), the college they have already been attending. The two have been talking about moving ever since they've been Freshman psychology students. Dillon states Landon is up for graduation and a final internship for himself as they finish college. One last internship elective they must take together is Applied Developmental Psychology: Variability in teacher-student interactions for SLU college credit at East Valley Academy High School. The high school is where they also graduated from four years earlier. Dillon, with the aid of longtime tenured High school teacher Neil Rowley, observes differences in clashing personalities between students Erin, the drama department class president, and Savannah the most popular student. Bogroe, a former high school roommate of the two college students crashes on their couch as freeloader. When Landon reluctantly challenges Bogroe to prove he is more responsible than in the past while they were in school, Bogroe takes exception and makes his couch proclamation to stay rather permanently.
|-
|'''''Friends, Family, and Freeloaders'''''|| November 1, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan, Bryan Kreutz</center>|| <center>Joanna Ferbrache, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Upon hearing the Sundin family neighbors yelling and putting on a sibling argument in early morning, the roommates are beginning to get accustom to the routine, although they’re not happy about it. After knocking on the neighbors door, Dillon offers to the widowed mother Jaris that she can come talk to him or Landon next door and that they work at East Valley academy during the day where two of her three kids go to school. Later widow neighbor and mother Jaris receives a call from Dillon that he is driving her son Griffin home instead of letting him ride the bus due to his newly contracted sickness. Dillon takes it a step further to invite the family, not just Griffin over to watch old pro basketball videos of Griffin's deceased father and Jaris' husband.
Savannah and Shane as a couple have high points and a rather questionable two- timing moment when Shane is seen with his Ex, Londyn, on what appears to be a date. Shane comments that he's torn between liking both Savannah and Londyn.
|-
|'''''Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2'''''|| November 8, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan</center>|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || Carefully observing and helping teach classes, Student teacher Dillon shows his frustration asking how his elders deal with students in the breakroom. The advice he seeks is from two most senior teachers at East Valley Academy. One teacher slips in a suggestion for Dillon to try the Bible for answers insinuating patience and guidance comes from the good book. He tells Dillon "This is how I cope".
Upon overhearing a music class side conversation about a new show choir, Miri, Erin’s best friend, tracks down Savannah to get the details for her and Erin to gain an edge on an early scoop about the audition. Nervous butterflies and insults ensue as many of the girls wait for their turn to go on the audition stage while guys and teachers look on with an official state judge. A multi-talented group of students audition for the new East Valley Academy show-choir where the results are left as a cliffhanger. Finding it difficult to deal with family tragedies, Khalil, slits his writs in front of the class and passes out.
|-
|'''''Fued of Friends and Foes'''''|| November 15, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan</center>|| <center>Tommy Callahan, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Singled out by Mrs. Hialeah and standing front and center in class as do not do examples, the school's most popular girl Savannah and smartest girl Erin have gone too far in their obvious hate for each other. Mrs. Hialeah's philosophy of student discipline goes too far in they eyes of Avril, Erin's mom, as she makes an in school visit to confront the teacher and Principal Guidry. Meanwhile Savanna's best friend Sydney and Ellise (Ellie) meet on her behalf with Londyn to discuss who the highly sought after guy Shane considers his girlfriend. Meanwhile Bogroe successfully sets up Landon on a blind date to entice him to leave his current girlfriend Tara so he can have her. Unbeknownst to Landon this blind date, Vanessa, Bogroe's former high school Ex, is in on the fun with Bogroe. Tara questions Landon's unusual behavior when she suspects something is going on.
|-
|'''''The Quintessence of a Situation'''''|| November 22, 2014|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center>|| <center>Bryan Kreutz, Emma Jane Mitchell, Lec Zorn</center> || Landon cracks down on Bogroe's laziness. Erin gets accepted to a prestigious acting school in Ireland, to the dismay of Savannah, who's already devastated from being cheated on by Shane. Kaidence reaches out to comfort Savannah, one on one, as well as Khalil, who is bummed about the results of the show choir. The teens involved in the schools madrigal show choir, ie. Savannah, begin to encounter moral and ethical dilemmas in the high school setting. Confident and armed with sheet music, Savannah in a change of heart, in what seems to be a good gesture, tells the show choir teacher, Fritz, she wants to sing a solo lead. Particularly boasting of her vocal talents, she takes Hialeah's advice giving the solo to her best friend Sydney in the first show choir performance. Londyn tries to build herself up in front her and her sister Berlin's friends by charging off in a blaze of glory with her ex-boyfriend, then demanding her sister lie to their parents about her whereabouts.
|-
|'''''Underlying agreements'''''|| March 14, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || Kaidence meets Jaris at home for the first time and the two quickly become friends. Erin and Griffin quickly become a couple of forevers. Bogroe is caught by the nosy neighbors on his way out to a money making side gig. Catcalls and bribery from Hayley force his hand to the coercion of cash to keep his secret gig an unknown to Dillon and Landon. A show-choir competition before the state finals reveals Ellie is giving Ms.Fritz pointers from her previous championship year before transferring. The group show-choir competition between East Valley Academy and Mount Vernon High-school appear flawlessly performed with the cliffhanger results left to be read by Principal Guidry.
|-
|'''''In the Middle of It All'''''|| April 11, 2015 || <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || East Valley's Show Choir competes on the road in the state competition at the St.Louis city-line high-school stage. Bogroe officially introduces his girlfriend Gemma, who cooks a masterpiece of food and charm. With Borgoe gone more, Dillon and Landon begin to wonder about a possible money making mystery when Bogroe is smiling, mocking, and sure of himself when asked about applying to the 10 jobs a week. Bogroe applies for jobs under Landon's ultimatum. However, Landon and Dillon are even more suspicious when they ask neighbor Brody if he knows something they don't about Bogroe latest act. Savannah and Erin endure their required school project together. Mr. Neil's covering for Mr. Stu's accused class wrongdoings are brought to the forefront by Hialeah who believes he's interfering with an upcoming school board hearing about his best friends recent dismissal from teaching duties. Jaris, surrounded by family and friends goes into what seems to be a complicated and painful labor early while at home.
|-
|'''''Gone, But Not Forgotten'''''|| October 19, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || When the results at the hospital appear seemingly glum, Jaris trusts in her faith and believes its a blessing in disguise. Recent family tragedies trigger traumatic experiences and even some confusing dreams of past memories for Hayley. With Mr.Neil close enough to vouch for its accuracy, Erin tries her own in class societal social structure comparison of her situation with Savannah and Sydney to make a point. Jake makes a heartfelt move to solidify his relationship with Sydney not knowing she had plans to break up with him. Griffin proclaims his love for Erin, knowing she is leaving for acting school in Ireland for the upcoming summer. Suspicion of Borgoe's secret side life become more evident when Landon texts Brody to come over and discuss posted pictures among other knowledge about their freeloading roommate.
|-
|'''''All Good Things Must Come to an End'''''|| October 26, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || Savannah and Erin's cooperative class project for Mrs. Hialeah becomes the talk of the school and even has the principal discussing and Mr. Neil watching from afar. Sydney surprised as ever to see her best friend Savannah finally make peace with her class rival in the auditorium, is moved by the moment, and takes a risk herself with Landon. With the ongoing feud now mutually over between Erin and Savannah, Thea tries to overshadow it by bringing Erin in on what she thinks is inside info on Sydney and Landon's age difference relationship. Erin has clearly grown beyond the underclassmen style of gossip and walks out on Thea with her older sister by her side. Bogroe is busted by blabbing neighbors revealing the truth of his money making and is literally foot chased by his roommates. In hot pursuit of Bogroe, Dillon attempts to catch a glimpse of Bogroe's money making DJ-ing gig at a St.Louis club. Dillon wants answers now, Bogroe is fleeing for more time to consider a plan when tipped off that he is going to be confronted by his roommates.
|-
|}

==Marketing and budget==
[[File:Pure Flix logo.png|thumbnail|[[Pure Flix]] acquired and distributed the family media series with rights to all episodes of "Up on High Ground" after it announced the acquisition of video-on-demand service “I Am Flix”]]
Generally, the marketing of independent television series is characterized by limited release, but can also have major marketing campaigns. Up on High Ground had a wide release and heavy presence in the U.S. Central and East regions via Television syndication, additionally its North American presence being available online via Pure Flix. In the summer of 2015, when Up on High Ground's distribution platform “I Am Flix” announced it was being acquired by [[Pure Flix]], the launch of their newly re-branded SVOD (subscription video on demand) service made the program available on mobile devices, Roku, as well as the IOS or Android apps for increased viewership. Moreover, the program was now available through on-demand and video [[streaming]] for viewership to an even wider [[audience]] demographic.

The particularly unique factors about [[marketing]] of independent TV shows is capturing an audience and ramping up viewers that use social media before the premiere. Up on High Ground had three trailers released before the show premiered in the fall of 2014. Timing is incredibly important – Up On High Ground had to build up as much hype in the short space of time leading up to and around the launch as possible.

Using a multitude of different taping locations and unlike most major productions, where [[insurance]] is typically procured to protect against accidents, Executive Producer Bryan Kreutz found ways around using any insurance [[budget]] where location management requirements would hinder the effectiveness of the episode budget to agree and purchase insurance. This very strict budget allocation strengthened each production into making the series and in house production company stronger.

==Locations==
'''Primary locations overview'''
During the production of the series, most settings were utilized at a house in the Dutchtown, [[St. Louis]] neighborhood in the city of St. Louis, [[Missouri]] for the apartment settings and utilized classrooms in Arnold, Missouri as its primary settings for the program. Many of the off school campus scenes were shot on location at the Hotel Ignacio, Cafe Pinxtos and The Moto [[Museum]] buildings on Olive Street and Grand Center in the art district of St. Louis near the Fox Theater and St.Louis University.

'''Secondary locations overview'''

Secondary settings for apartment doorways, corridors, and B Roll were shot before the series or used from still images that were located in Pontoon Beach, Illinois. Two scenes of the apartment interiors were also shot at the Pontoon Beach, [[Illinois]] location. One very short take of character Brody speaking in Granite City, Illinois was used to compliment him showing a picture on his phone that precedes a Cut-in (Insert Shot). This only shot in Granite City, Illinois is the earliest footage used in the final cut of the series that was intended to be a dress rehearsal walk-through in August 31, 2013.

'''Classroom and East Valley school locations'''

The classroom settings were taped at the same location, but in four different actual church Sunday school rooms in Arnold Missouri. Most of these school rooms had green retractable walls for the crew to have more space to shoot the scenes. On September 7, 2013 the very first scene of the series was taped in one of these large classrooms that ended up being used in its entirety for episode 4 ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"''. In the same building location as the classrooms, the series taped the school hallways, lockers, library, Erin/Miri's room phone conversations, Principal Guidry's office, Most teacher board rooms, and an indoor basketball court gym. Adjacent to this building is where the scenes where shot for the school show choir stages and backstage's, college cafe, fuse ball room, teachers lounge, and counseling office for Minister George Ross.

'''Location proximity and management'''

The series taped as far east as Granite City [[Illinois]] and as far west as St.Peters [[Missouri]] with most shooting taking place in St. Louis Missouri and Arnold Missouri.

Jennifer Langford, the mother of actress Brianna Langford, who played Londyn Downey, played an integral part in securing and location management for the series in St. Louis.

Vikki Farmer was the location manager over the Arnold Missouri classroom and adjacent taping locations for the series' first five episodes, beyond that on a part time and interim basis, Trina Stephens managed the Arnold locations.

==Production History==
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing]]
The TV series began production in 2013 as a co-venture between TV-Talk Show Producer and filmmaker Bryan Kreutz and Brayden Patterson. The production was filmed in several locations in and around St. Louis, Missouri USA, a rarity for the time of scripted TV.

Director Tommy Callahan started filming only a few days after the final on camera screen tests he specifically designated for lead actor Brayden Patterson. Callahan wanted one-on-one touch up rehearsal performances between him and Patterson ending with cast dress rehearsals on August 31, 2013. Filming occurred at no designated studios, all scenes were shot on-location.

Whilst Patterson's character Dillon appeared to be fully integrated as a student teacher in the original pilot production, the CW and PureFlix would ask for a new pilot to precede the original, establishing Patterson and his roommate Landon to have a full back-story. So the two characters appeared as roommates moving out of their college area housing and into the apartment seen throughout the series, along with an an explanation in the new first episode televised production.

Post-production, with award winning editor Dale Ward, did not include director Tommy Callahan for the third episode he directed "Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2". Callahan was not available to be in the post production facilities due to an illness. Moreover the episode was not co-directed by Bryan Kreutz, but was the only episode solely written by Kreutz so he stepped in during the post-production process for scene selection with editor Dale Ward. The entire process was performed at Concordia Seminary in Clayton, Missouri ending on May 2, 2014. Post-production includes all stages of production occurring after shooting or recording the individual program segments were completed. The subsequent episodes, including the new pilot, were performed by several other individuals at different post-production facilities.

On set production as well as post-production, ceased in October 2015, when the last episode also aired.

==Cast list==

*Dillon Magnum — played by Brayden Patterson
*Landon Lofton — played by Cody Jarvis
*Savannah Swanson — played by [[Rylee Cravens]]
*Bartholowmew Bogroe — played by Billy Patricks
*[[Erin O'Byrne]] — played by [[Erin Morris]]
*Sydney Ashdown — played by Sydney Thomas
*Griffin Sundin — played by Matthew Becker
*Hayley Sundin — played by Molly Cravens
*Thea Swanson — played by Jessica Jordan
*Neil Rowley — played by Neil McDonald
*Principal Guidry — played by Joe McGettigan
*Miri Cyanne — played by Malissa Williams
*Brody Vanderschmidt — played by [[Bryan Kreutz]]
*Londyn Downey — played by Brianna Langford
*Hialeah Oxendine — played by Sarah Cotton
*Jaris Sundin — played by Courtni Aries
*Veronika Earney — played by Emma Mitchell
*Kaidence Crews — played by Jamie Fritz
*Roxy Sundin — played by Aliyah Studt
*Khalil Burris — played by Lawson Burris
*Teagan Janney — played by Stephanie Swink
*Tessa Stockton — played by Taylor Vandelicht
*Ellie Cross — played by Tessa Drake
*Charissa Kirk — played by Grace Clark
*Ms. Fritz — played by Allison Shadwick
*Shane Sumner — played by Conner Lee
*Melody Hull — played by Ashley Pavlige
*Stu Charles — played by Charles Heuvelman
*Lara Camille — played by Camille Marolf
*Juliana — played by Emily Livaudais
*Jeremy Estrada — played by Charlie White
*Grant Kosanovich — played by Igor Stevanovic
*Jake — played by Stone Birkner
*Berlin Downey — played by Joanna Ferbrache
*Emma Loughborough — played by Dacey Geary
*Tara Giordano — played by Blair Dinucci
*Minister George — played by Lec Zorn
*Gemmah Qiáo — played by Sara Lin
*Jayda O'Byrne — played by Kailynne McFerran-Cruthis
*Mac Rowley — played by Randy Rambeau
*Avril O'Byrne — played by Kate Barton
*Wil — played by Mark Van Donsel
*Vanessa — played by Crystal Richardson

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3738106/ ''Up on High Ground ''] at IMDb
*[http://www.uponhighgroundtv.com/inside-the-cast-and-crew.php Up on High Ground Official Website]
*[http://www.tv.com/shows/up-on-high-ground/ TV.com]
*[https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/up-on-high-ground/707425/ tvguide.com]
*[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/Up_on_High_Ground_%28TV_series%29.html Up on High Ground on Wikipedia]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Up_on_High_Ground Up on High Ground fandom.com]
*[https://sharetv.com/shows/up_on_high_ground sharetv]
*[https://www.bnd.com/entertainment/tv/article201355454.html Belleville News Democrat]
*[https://www.myleaderpaper.com/news/men-from-imperial-and-festus-work-together-to-chase-the/article_31c95e90-18c3-11e8-b0ea-33780a9f3c8b.html Leader Publications]
*[http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground-2/1942936 Inside STL]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/34435908@N06/ Up on High Ground on Flickr]

[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Christian Media]]
[[Category:Christian Literature, Art, and Media]]

Erin Morris

2021-01-02T07:22:59Z

Technotronical: /* Up on High Ground */ Linked to Rylee Cravens page with brackets

{{Infobox person
|name=Erin Rose Morris
(American film, stage, television actress 
Best known for her ''Up on High Ground'' Family drama series)
|image=Erin Morris- Up on High Ground.jpg
|birth_place=St. Peters 
St. Charles County, [[Missouri]]
|birth_date=May 23, 2000
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=
}}

'''Erin Rose Morris''' (born May 23, 2000) is an [[American]] actress. Morris' most recognizable acting role was when she portrayed [[Erin O'Byrne]] on the syndicated [[Pure Flix]] and [[The CW]] family drama [[television]] series [[Up on High Ground]].

==Supporting roles and Theater==
Erin started taking acting classes at the age of seven.

Soon after acting classes she appeared in her first TV Commercial and performed in supporting roles in stage plays. Her first stage play "A Christmas Carol", opened her up to a vast audience as the performance took place at the J. Scheidegger Center for the Arts in St. Charles, [[Missouri]]. Soon thereafter she landed supporting roles in "Flat Stanley", "[[Aladdin]]" and "Annie JR", but not as Annie, even though she is a natural [[Red Hair|redhead]].

She was cast into her first film acting role in the [[St. Louis]] independent feature film "Hercules: The Brave and the Bold" in 2012 which was released in 2013. Prior to her big screen debut Erin had been involved heavily with theater, singing and acting her way into supporting roles for a number of years. Prior to being cast in [[Up on High Ground]] and in 2012 Morris was sought out by St. Louis producers to act in the short film [[To Inflict]] as an the drug dealing character where she was credited as Webcam Kid in the Elizabeth Wiegard directed film. The film would be selected in the 7th Indie Fest USA film festival in Garden Grove, [[California]] in 2013.

==Up on High Ground==
Erin Morris portrayed the [[High School]] Sophomore character [[Erin O'Byrne]] for the "Up on High Ground" Family drama series run of all 9 episodes from 2014-2015.
[[File:A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from episode Gone, but not Forgotten for the TV show Up on High Ground.png|right|thumb|A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne played by Erin Morris with her boyfriend Griffin Sundin played by Matthew Becker from the episode "Gone, but not Forgotten" of the syndicated TV Family Drama "[[Up on High Ground]]".]]
Erin Morris and Matthew Becker, both whom performed in a deleted scene together in the 2013 film Hercules: The Brave and The Bold, were the first two actors cast in Up on High Ground. Morris was added as the final actor billed in the opening credits sequence on a last minute decision to include her credit in the sequence. She's the third billed female character in the main cast for the family and faith based TV series Up on High Ground, playing the character [[Erin O'Byrne]].

For Erin, Up on High Ground marks the third time that Brayden Patterson, Joe McGettigan, and [[Bryan Kreutz]] have worked together, that also included working alongside sisters Rylee and Molly Cravens. The first was the 2013 Indie feature film Hercules: The Brave and the Bold. the one prior was To Inflict.

Many of the producers recognized her strong performances in her two 2012 film projects and after casting her and Becker first for "Up on High Ground". There were high expectations for Morris at a young age of only 12 to play a freshman high-school-er later in the year when she would be 13.The Pilot, written by Hercules co-stars Bryan Kreutz and Brayden Patterson, who were also producers/creators, wrote a role specifically for Erin with no audition to play a high school girl with smarts and musical talents intent on being the popular girl's rival. Playing Erin O'Byrne in Up on High Ground, it was agreed upon by her and producers to keep her first name for the role with her Irish background and striking features of a prototypical redhead Irish-American.

Kreutz, who worked closely with Morris throughout the series to get her inclined to pursue all forms of acting and talent representation, took her under his wing. Kreutz wanted to ensure Morris had a path to success running concurrently with the "Up on High Ground" series and with the somewhat demanding schedule helped her start into vocal lessons by a private well known teacher.

Not only with these vocal lessons, but armed with confidence, raw acting ability, and a unique look, Morris was ready to take her acting to a new level. In the summer of 2015, while finishing taping "Up on High Ground", Erin appeared in the lead role "Belle" in the theater musical "Beauty and the Beast". This role was at the O'Fallon Theatre Works, in the Greater St.Louis Area. Morris, who Kreutz said had perhaps the biggest learning curve for coming out of her shell of quiet and insecure tendencies proved to elevate her character Erin O'Byrne the most of any actor from beginning to the end of the series.
Erin Morris and Matthew Becker were the final two lead actors together in a scene. The final scenes of solo performances were by Jessica Jordan and Molly Cravens when the series on set production ceased in October 2015.
Erin acted on multiple UN-aired TV Pilots, at age 16 and 17, and was by far the youngest cast-member in the two adult comedy pilots she was a part of.

Although Erin had to portray a rival and dislike the character Savannah, she took several selfies and had an onset and offset friendship at the time with [[Rylee Cravens]].
Producers on the TV series Up on High Ground specifically designate multiple hair lights (also called back lights) as a source placed behind actress Erin Morris in 75% of the scenes she's in to highlight her [[Red Hair|red hair]].

==Personal life and career==
Morris was a raised a [[Catholic]] and as such played musical instruments in churches and in front of audiences at a young age. Morris is also a musician; her particular instrument of choice is the acoustic guitar. Along with vocal lessons, she enjoyed singing in play productions, she used both her guitar skills and vocals on screen in the auditioning act of one episode in Up on High Ground.
Erin acted on multiple UN-aired TV Pilots, at age 16 and 17, and was by far the youngest cast-member in the two adult comedy Pilots she was apart of, both were also with co-star [[Bryan Kreutz]] and one with Camille Marolf from Up on High Ground.
In November 2017 Erin appeared as one of the lead roles "Kim McAfee" in the theater musical "Bye Bye Birdie". (O'Fallon Theatre Works, Greater St.Louis Area)
Erin is actively pursuing musical theatre and is attending post-grad school with a focus on acting since graduating high school in May 2018.

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
!Movie/TV Show Name || Date of Release || Role
|-
|'' To Inflict'' || 2013 || Webcam Kid
|-
|'' Hercules: The Brave and the Bold'' || 2013 || Young Anaxarete
|-
|''Up on High Ground'' || 2014-2015 || Erin O'Byrne
|-
|''Life with Jess'' || 2016 || Lizzie (Voice)
|-
|''Then and Now'' || 2019 || Erin
|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5006498/ Erin Morris at the IMDb database]
*[http://www.tv.com/people/erin-morris/ tv.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Morris, Erin}}
[[Category:Actresses]]
[[Category:Christians]]
[[Category:Missouri]]

Up on High Ground

2021-01-02T07:21:22Z

Technotronical: Linked to Rylee Cravens page with brackets and grammar updates

{{Infobox Film
| name= Up on High Ground
| image=Up On High Ground poster.jpg
| caption= Psychological, pathological, and a pretty typical day of students who make this school of no fools and broken rules.
| director=Bryan Kreutz Tommy Callahan
| producer=Bryan Kreutz Joe McGettigan Brayden Patterson Lec Zorn Brianna Langford Stacey Nation
| writer=Bryan Kreutz Lec Zorn Joanna Ferbrache Tommy Callahan Emma Jane Mitchell
| narrator=
| starring=Brayden Patterson Cody Jarvis Rylee Cravens Billy Ingoldsby Erin Morris Sydney Thomas Matthew Becker Molly Cravens
| music=Matt Griffin, Scott Paul Lewis
| cinematography=Mike Frolos, Igor Stevanovic, Dwayne Simmons, Aaron Basham, Tony Barsanti
| editing=Dale Ward, Jim Pruett, James Burke, Aaron Basham, Justice Simpson
| distributor=[[Pure Flix]], [[The CW]]
| released=October 25, 2014–October 26, 2015
| runtime=28 min. (Per Episode)
| No. of Seasons=1
| No. of Episodes=9
| country=USA
| language=English
| budget=$10,000 (estimated)
| gross=
| preceded_by=
| followed_by=
| website=http://www.uponhighgroundtv.com/
| amg_id=
| imdb_id=3738106
}}

'''''Up on High Ground''''' is an [[American]] family [[drama]], syndicated [[television]] series, directed by Tommy Callahan and [[Bryan Kreutz]]. The half hour weekly episodic series was originally aired in syndication on [[The CW]] television affiliates and [[Pure Flix]] from October 25, 2014 to October 26, 2015, and was distributed by Pure Flix with Brayden Patterson Productions LLC. The [[Christian]] lead [[character]] and many characters of the series were committed to using modern day [[biblical]] principals throughout the show, comprising nine television episodes, while being produced in the [[United States of America]].

==Plot and setting==
A college psychology [[student]] is tested daily with his roommates, one in [[friendship]], and the other on patience as a third wheel freeloader friend of sorts. Dillon and his roommate Landon are majoring their college courses in applied developmental [[psychology]]: variability in teacher-student interactions at East Valley Academy [[High School]].

Dillon, a fairly good guy who pictures himself a [[role model]], a [[leader]] - being ''Christlike'', must deal with his [[unemployed]] roommate crashing on the couch, and being more than just a neighborly [[influence]] to his neighbor Jaris, a [[Widow|widowed]], [[pregnant]], [[mother]] of three [[children]]. An ongoing high school feud of girl foes is at the top of Dillon and Landon’s psychology matters, as the two influence their students to try and [[convert]] their principal leader from [[Buddhism]] to [[Christianity]].Set at the [[fictional]] East Valley Academy High School near the city and in suburbs of [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], and [[Illinois]], it follows the emotional travails of three roommates, two of them, Dillon and Landon, interning for [[college]] courses in psychology, studying student teacher interactions of several [[teenagers]]. The story arc parallels with a neighborly community, centered around roommates Dillon, Landon, and Bogroe. These roommates at both the school and around their [[apartment]] homes are connected to an entourage of teens, mainly two student rivals, in the social circle of main teen characters Savannah Swanson, played by [[Rylee Cravens]] and [[Erin O'Byrne]] played by [[Erin Morris]].

==History and Production==
Originally, Up on High Ground was a product of BK Studios as created by Bryan Kreutz in a first draft series proposal, dated February 2013. Before it was a TV series in 2013, [[Bryan Kreutz]], Brayden Patterson and Joe McGettigan were meeting several times a week and on weekends while in [[Pre-production]] to carefully comb through characters, scripts already written, and available crew members to build the full production in the [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]] area. After the first three aforementioned scripts, that were filmed in reverse production order weren't getting any networks to bite via Kreutz and Patterson's agent, other duties to get the pilot script officially under a [[Copyright]] by the [[Library of Congress]] office in [[Washington D.C.]] were being carried out.

Beginning with a single pilot episode, ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'', filming began in August 2013, using three separate episode scripts, filmed in reverse production order, starting first with ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"'', ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2"'', then filming ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'' last. Director Thomas Callahan recommended filming the three scripts in reverse production order to get chemistry created and on-screen characters down pat by the time the actual pilot would be up and presented to networks as the best work from the cast. Up on High Ground was not placed on the schedule of television affiliates on The CW network until a second pilot episode, to precede the original titled ''"Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness"'', was produced in 2014. The second pilot was written solely by Joanna Ferbrache, then a co-writer credit was added for Bryan Kreutz for two scenes re-added from the original pilot. One scene is a crucial Mr. Stu Charles classroom scene from the original pilot, blended into Ferbrache's script. Ferbrache's script originally included more students and much of the scene Kreutz wrote already from the original pilot, however the footage taped already from the original pilot was added before and after Ferbrache's script to compliment it.

Up on High Ground officially went into production on August 31, 2013 and ran for one season until it was canceled in the fall of 2015. The series originally aired in TV syndication on affiliates of [[The CW]] and [[Pure Flix]] from October 25, 2014, to October 26, 2015. Up on High Ground was distributed by [[Pure Flix]] with parent production company Brayden Patterson Productions. In association with BK Studios.

Once IAMFlix, later Pure Flix signed the series to distribute and The CW network affiliates fell inline together as it's main distributors, the series would be required to write and produce a new full pilot episode to precede the original, containing more main [[character]] back-story and establishment. In a very short period of time within the spring of 2014 Kreutz and McGettigan interviewed several people for the marketing and public relations crew as they wanted to increase visibility locally and eventually into the East cost. This was achieved as the show would begin airing in the fall on several affiliates in Missouri and Pennsylvania to begin. Bryan Kreutz has personally said on record that "Joanna Ferbrache saved this would be series and if it wasn't for her new pilot script and her zeal of great energy and enthusiasm in pursuit of this TV series objective, we may of never been able to air the would be series."

Joanna Ferbrache was originally hired by Kreutz and McGettigan as crew performing the [[marketing]] and public relations, but would also deliver the infamous pilot script and co-write the second script to propel the series off the ground in 2014.

==Production==
[[File:Up On High Ground filming apartment.jpg|thumb|Behind the camera while on set with the college psychology roommates Landon (Left) and Dillon (Right)]]
Production of Up on High Ground took place from August 2013 until 2014, when the production was shopped around by series creators [[Bryan Kreutz]] and Brayden Patterson's agent Mandi Morris. Once the series landed on the aforementioned network and streaming services, production continued in the late summer of 2014 which took the franchise from now four produced and ready to air episodes in the can, to a script ready to produce for episode five titled "The Quintessence of a Situation". The remaining episodes six, seven, eight, and nine, were all produced sequentially and uninterrupted until the series was canceled in the fall of 2015.

The series was primarily shot with a single Canon HD [[camera]], at times with dual cameras. The crew includes [[Emmy Award]]-winning editor Dale Ward, and Bryan Kreutz who has directed over 60 TV episodes, including two TV talk shows, his first being [[Revolution 618]]. Aside from one scene written by Emma Jane Mitchell, and the two pilot episodes, original and 2nd episode, co-written by Joanna Ferbrache, All 9 episodes were pinned from the collaborative script writing of Lec Zorn and Bryan Kreutz. With the exception of episode 4 which was also co-written by Thomas Callahan. On set production ceased for the series in October 2015.

==Episode availability licenses==
Amazon Prime Video took the rights of the pilot episode 1 ''"Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness"'' in 2017. Later in spring 2019, episode 2 ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders"'', episode 3 ''"Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, part 2"'' and episode 4 ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"'' were made available on Amazon Prime. As of May 2020, all nine episodes in the complete series are available on Roku channel Detaron TV.

Older licenses for previously aired episodes are no longer available on television after their syndicated run on [[the CW]] TV affiliates and on Video-on-demand with [[Pure Flix]]. Several scripts and material belong to numerous companies. Plans to have the entire series available on a streaming platform going forward were discussed heavily by the production companies and teams after the series run, but it took until 2019 to have availability on Amazon Prime, then 2020 to be on RoKu.

==Broadcast and home media==
The first and only season consisted of nine episodes, the first eight episodes a half-hour-long, and the ninth and final episode at one-hour-long. The episodes which were released worldwide on Pure Flix Entertainment on October 25, 2014 had the first three episodes available on this date, then subsequent episodes available throughout its run.

===First-run syndication===
The half hour episode series was released in the United States airing on numerous Television affiliates of The CW in the Midwest and East Coast of the United States. With other CW affiliates airing all 9 episodes, only 1 episode aired on the KPLR-TV CW Affiliate in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], where the entire series was taped, due to a new [[closed captioning]] rule.

==Casting and Character development ==
[[File:Erin_Morris-_Up_on_High_Ground.jpg|thumb|Erin Morris plays one of the more notable teen students in this entourage of characters as the [[Red Hair|red haired]] girl Erin O'Byrne]]
This series marks the third time that Brayden Patterson, Joe McGettigan, Neil McDonald, [[Bryan Kreutz]] and [[Erin Morris]] have worked together alongside sisters Rylee and Molly Cravens. The first was the 2013 Indie Fest USA qualifying short film, To Inflict, and the second was the feature film Hercules: The Brave and the Bold.

Savannah Swanson was based on creator Kreutz’s blonde haired popular girl classmates, Carrie Spooner and Jill Gant, who spent all of middle school and high school together. [[Rylee Cravens]] who played Savannah was meant to have a haughty, big attitude as the most popular girl and rival the class smart girl Erin. Kreutz, who worked closely with Cravens in two previous films, knew she would be the perfect fit to play this lead girl role without an audition, stating “She was your A-typical [[American]] popular girl and that's what we cast her for”.

Additionally the [[character]] Erin was based on Kreutz best friend's short-lived girlfriend. This girlfriend, was a classmate of Kreutz, whom at the time in [[high school]], like the character, had very deep curly [[Red Hair|red hair]] and smarts.

The character of Bogroe was not part of the original [[concept]] for the show. Creators Kreutz and Patterson had an original script and storyboard to include only Dillon and Landon, who were based upon the real lives of Off-the-cuff comedy between then roommates Brayden Patterson and Byron L. Wilson. However, Crystal Richardson, a future guest star working with Kreutz suggested a third freeloading character be placed in the cast to be the recipient of the butt end of [[jokes]]. Richardson suggested to Kreutz to have this third wheel roommate be written as combinations of the Dimwitted character Cole Brown and also "Tommy" Strawn, both were two of Martin Payne's three best friends on the 1990's comedy Martin (TV series). Bogroe's crashing on the couch as a temporarily-permanent fixture comes under scrutiny with his apparent mysterious [[unemployment]] status. This was a running gag throughout the show until his D-Jay gig is discovered in the finale, which was also written in closely paralleling the Martin best friends.

Joe McGettigan, the supervising Producer on this new series "Up on High Ground" brought in a production assistant who would eventually play the role of Bogroe on the second day of taping, which coincidentally was being filmed at McGettigan's former house now turned a set in the Dutch town district of St. Louis. Billy Patricks, this production assistant turned main character, proved his improv skills and quick script retention to be invaluable in a late pinch. When production began after weeks of delays, the actor who was originally going to play Bogroe didn’t show up to the location set on call time, thus he was fired even though not under a [[contract]] yet. The role was immediately given to Patricks and he assumed the role for the entire series without an audition. The creators were "blown away" both by his acting ability and demeanor in playing a down and out un-employed freeloader.
[[File:Up On High Ground - script reading on set.jpg|thumb|Script reading by the the student cast members while on the classroom set. Malissa Williams (Left), [[Erin Morris]] (Left center), Matthew Becker (Right Center), and Rylee Cravens (Right)]]
The first three table readings of the pilot script were notable because the producers had another [[actor]] playing Bogroe and Byron L. Wilson playing Landon, which affected main cast chemistry when one was fired and then Wilson having to leave because of family obligations. Essentially Producers never heard main cast members Billy Patricks or Cody Jarvis read lines because they were cast without auditions after the first three table readings occurred and the series was practically into production.

The producers of Up on High Ground selected Matthew Becker as the first casting choice for main cast roles upon completing the first three episode scripts in pre-production. Along with Becker, Erin Morris had previously worked together with most of the producers on an Independent feature film as well in St. Louis. Hours after Becker was asked to play Griffin, Morris was asked to play the rival classmate to Savannah and kept her real first name for the role, Erin.

Casting the main teacher Mr. Neil Rowley was played by Neil McDonald, whom is the most senior teacher at the school (East Valley Academy). McDonald previously played in several productions and a TV commercial with Bryan Kreutz.

==Characters summary==
==="Main characters"===

'''Dillon Magnum'''. Played by Brayden Patterson. An early 20's college student who's neighborly, open-minded, athletic as a track champion. He shares the rent with Landon Lofton who's also taking practically the same college courses with him. His other roommate, a friend from high school named Bogroe, stays with him as a freeloader who's sleeping on the couch. Dillon takes responsibility and stands up for Bogroe knowing his old friend has fallen on hard times. A student of Saint Louis university, majoring in psychology along with Landon they are finishing up taking College Prep Classes at a local high school, East Valley Academy. Landon regularly gets opportunities to do the right thing (or not) and follow [[Christian]] principles, such as the biblical principal "Love thy neighbor as thyself." The Dillon character develops a friendship with the Sundin family as he goes out of his way to assist the mother, A widow with three kids. His girlfriend is Veronika Earney.

'''Landon Lofton'''. Played by Cody Jarvis. The original of the two roommates with Dillon, and, as a Christian, is really intent, with the help of Dillon, to convert their down and out roommate Bogroe from being a walking advertisement for welfare into a straightforward, taxpaying good man, and Christ believer. Landon frequently brings up Christianity to their former high school principal, whom they also do student teacher courses under this principal's tenure. Landon shows a heightened animosity towards Bogroe and his laziness of hogging the couch and by forcing him to apply for 10 jobs a week with e-mail confirmations sent. Often a fun guy to watch an anime or a play a basketball game 1-on-1, he helps coach his [[high school]] freshman neighbor Griffin, often meeting with him on the courts and afterwards for talks on strategy. His girlfriend, Tara Giordano, is referred to multiple times but only seen once.
[[File:Rylee Cravens - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Rylee Cravens stars as the school's popular student, Savannah Swanson]]
'''Savannah Swanson'''. Played by Rylee Cravens. A blonde, [[High School]] Sophomore. Savannah is the most popular girl at the high school East Valley Academy and a riled up [[gossip]] girl. Savannah lives the luxury life in the Upper East Side of the burbs with her dad and freshman sister Thea. When with her friends, notably Sydney or Teagan, she points out others downfalls or creates rumor starting stories to their achievements to make them appear as superficial achievements. Typically her arguments, rumors, or frustration is toward student rivals Erin, Miri, or less popular girls who have gained a certain importance she feels is infringing on her as the main focal point of attention. Ms. Fritz meets Savannah in the teachers lounge and essentially treats Savannah as the teacher's pet giving her the requirements on what the judges will be looking for to make the madrigal show [[choir]] squad. There is a rumor going around school with some students that a show choir is being formed and Savannah divulges the information to a known nerd Miri, who is friends with [[Erin O'Byrne]] that Savannah tries to deceitfully encourage the two to try out, ultimately to make a fool out of them during the auditions. Her boyfriend is Shane and her best friend is Sydney. Savannah has that red dress effect, often wearing one that makes her pop out as the beautiful girl moving into womanhood. The red summer dress effect she's wearing so often, is essentially a putative phenomenon in which the teen sophomore is perceived to be more alluring than when than when she's wearing other more conservative clothing or colors. According to Erin, Savannah dressed like a stripper to impress Shane one time, showing a possible expansion of a love triangle outside of Savannah with Shane and Shane with Londyn. Savannah fequently speaks her guy troubles to Sydney who are both inseparable even to the point where the two have no regard for the teachers lesson in class to move and talk all class long next to each other while also openly tormenting [[Erin O'Byrne]].

'''Bartholomew Bogroe'''. Played by Billy Patricks. An early 20's couch crashing freeloader, living as the third wheel roommate with Dillon and Landon for no payment and, as such, is really cashing in on a side gig as a Deejay. Dillon and Landon question neighbor Brody about Bogroe's unusual behavior and coy smiles when Landon continues to see online Job applications filtering to his inbox as a copy when Bogroe applies. Bogroe has an ongoing feud of words with sassy neighbor Hayley who follows him to discover he has been storing music equipment for Deejay gigs. Brody, who knows more than Bogroe's roommates about his side gig, ultimately is one of the two neighbors who divulge Bogroe's secret life much to his demise of his hopes to live at the apartment for free. Bogroe's girlfriend is the beautiful Asian cook and model Gemma Qiao.

'''[[Erin O'Byrne]]'''. Played by [[Erin Morris]]. [[High School]] Sophomore, and a integral part of the state finalist show choir team. Erin is an introverted, super smart [[Red Hair|redhead]], and much to the chagrin of her class [[rival]] Savannah, she is the president of the school's drama department. The immense fecundity of her imagination on ways she and Miri play Savannah a fool, make a profound impact on Savannah, progressively to changing her mind into an eventual acceptance by the rival classmate. Evident by very vocal and seemingly subtle class notes and harsh looks at each other, Erin and Savannah are singled out by Mrs. Hialeah. The two girls must stand front and center in psychology class as do not do examples, and are assigned an ongoing cooperative project to meet outside of school and complete it together.
Revealing she was accepted into the prestigious Abbey School of Acting in [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]] to friends, a confrontation of sorts ensues about her gifts from God when Savannah throws her out of her house when the two are finishing their required joint school cooperative project together. Erin mentions to her best friend Miri that her in-school restraining order with rival Savannah shouldn't restrict her from participating in a new school show [[choir]]. She is seen hanging around Griffin Sundin playing [[basketball]] and quickly gets swept away by his charm. Erin develops a quick crush on her younger, freshman classmate, Griffin Sundin, as the two eventually become a very stable couple. The new couple are boldly found making out in the library by Principal Guidry while Griffin is supposed to be in detention, but they play it cool when caught. Erin is noticeably close to her college aged sister Jayda who's practically a spitting image of Erin herself and teaches her lessons on letting lesser under-aged lower-classmates gossip be meaningless. Erin gives a very facetious and reassuring nod to Miri's story of Londyn spearheading a supportive facade laced with a manipulative video taped guy fling between Erin and Savannah's boyfriend Shane, to steal a man away from Savannah.
[[File:A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from episode Gone, but not Forgotten for the TV show Up on High Ground.png|right|thumb|A couple of forevers- Erin O'Byrne with her boyfriend Griffin from the episode "Gone, but not Forgotten" of the syndicated TV Family Drama "[[Up on High Ground]]".]]
'''Griffin Sundin'''. Played by Matthew Becker. Griffin Sundin is a show choir singer, talented [[dancer]], and basketball player who gets private lessons from East Valley High varsity coach Landon Lofton during his high school freshmen year. Griffin lives in an apartment across from Landon and Dillon with his Mother Jaris and sisters Hayley and Roxy. Griffin has a twin sister, Hayley Sundin. Griffin is best friends with Khalil, a classmate in a higher grade level at the local high school. His girlfriend Erin is one year ahead of him in school although they are about the same age, boldly he is found making out with his new girlfriend while in detention by Principal Guidry and plays it cool when caught.In the next to last episode, Griffin proclaims his love for Erin, knowing she is leaving for acting school in Ireland for the upcoming summer break. Griffin mentions to Dillon that East Valley Academy recently retired his father’s Basketball Jersey number, the son of the late Johan Sundin, a [[Swedish]] basketball league great in the Ligan, meaning simply the “League” in [[Sweden]]. He quickly swept away his girlfriend [[Erin O'Byrne]], but is noticeably down and out when she tells him officially she'll be back for summer break to be with him after getting accepted to the Abby school of acting in Ireland, placing their openly romantic relationship on hold.
[[File:Griffin and Hayley - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Students at East Valley academy, the Sundin twins. These birth-bound two souls, so closely allied, yet so different]]
'''Sydney Ashdown'''. Played by Sydney Thomas. A "solo-[[pianist]]-singer”, a bit of an american desi girl, but will avoid being called it in place of being known as a [[keratin]] treatment idea she once capitalizes on from her former friend Londyn. Sydney has an amazing, unique and sweet personality when she wants to, but is prone to fall into the rich, backup her bestie at all costs high school girl, prone to sarcastic remarks. She comes prepared to talk to her best friend Savannah Swanson during class even while teachers are giving a lesson. Sydney is seen talking through the entire class on the phone and face to face with friends, even telling the teacher "why are you teaching during my conversation" when confronted by Mrs. Hialeah. Sydney often goes by the nickname Syd, especially by the students she is surrounded by. She and her best friend Savannah are always hanging around guys or sipping coffee at a local café, during, before, and after school. Sydney, is instrumental, literally, in the first year school madrigal show choir making it to finals as a pianist and vocalist. She takes the advice of rival student Londyn Downey, to get [[Keratin]] treatments at a high end salon when her close friend Teagan Janney, meets up with her. Teagan mentions she is surprised the two aren't meeting up with Savannah and Thea at Starskie's, Sydney states "No..No.. Savannah needs time to reflect, she's thinking about Shane non-stop." Jake, Sydney's current boyfriend, indicates the two have been going out for a while, reminding her its been 8 months when she mistakenly said it was 6 months late in the series. Sydney mentions Jake's parents offered her a job as a solo-artist singer under a small record label in [[Seattle]] upon graduation. Jake makes a heartfelt move to solidify his relationship with Sydney by surprising her with a promise [[ring]]. Sydney is very happy by the sweet gesture and accepts the ring with a kiss for Jake. Later, when talking with Savannah, she reveals that she is torn between having feelings for Jake and Landon, a college psychology student teaching and observing at her school.

'''Hayley Sundin'''. Played by Molly Cravens. 15-year-old "verbally-vivacious" Freshman girl at East Valley Academy high school. She has a twin brother, Griffin Sundin whom she often places blame for everything towards. Her infamous catchphrase is a very sarcastic and distinctive phrase ("Do we have to start like this") that she normally says after a rude or snide comment. Her father, a Swedish professional basketball player died at a young age and she relies upon her single mother and neighbor Dillon for parental influences. Among three children of a widowed mom, she appears to be affected the most in grieving for her deceased father when dreaming of past memories that have a profound outcome. She is in the East Valley Academy show choir after a strong solo singing performance for the try out auditions, but is noticeably gone when a Laryngitis epidemic forces several students to miss the State finals competition. She's a cute natural blonde and knows it with her own confidence and attitude when she tells Bogroe "But I'm cute duh! I can walk whenever I wan't! You're not the man of the house, Landon and Dillon are."

==="Supporting characters"===

East valley academy the high school and classrooms were where much of the series took place is where almost all of the supporting characters were present in the setting.

'''Neil Rowley'''. Played by Neil McDonald. Mr. Neil Rowley, who goes by Mr. Neil, is a science teacher and newly appointed school board member. By default, not by choice, Mr. Neil has been volunteered to work double tasks at East Valley Academy School by new Principal Guidry due to budget cuts. He is mentioned as being the most senior teacher at East Valley Academy school when his close friend and teacher Mr. Stu Charles is dismissed from school for a scandal. Close friends with Mrs. Hialeah, whom he fondly calls "Hi", Mr. Neil is reluctantly insistent to stay out of the scandal with Mr. Stu Charles after a long conversation with Mrs. Hialeah. His son, Mac, who was the first ever valedictorian at East Valley academy, speaks positively of his father as he addresses the current graduating class during the final scene of the series.

'''Thea Swanson'''. Played by Jessica Jordan. Thea is the younger blonde Swanson sister and a freshman at East Valley Academy School. She's noticeably close with her sophomore sister Savannah and friend Sydney. Even though she's younger she's not a tag along, but contributes to the plans of her sister and her friends in addition to her own set of friends. Her best friend is Hayley Sundin, with whom she is seen with often at the Sundin apartment preparing to play some video games or snooping around. Although she is popular and well liked she has a quiet side and, uncharacteristically for a popular girl, she likes Star Trek. She often wears a Star Trek pendant and is seen wearing a themed T-shirt when getting ready before school. She sings a solo during the state show choir competition and is only one of six remaining East Valley students left after a laryngitis outbreak shorthand's the choir squad. Thea is one of the most expert dancers as she is seen on the high school stage performing her dance moves effortlessly throughout the series.

'''Miri Cyanne'''. Played by Malissa Williams. Miri is the freckle-faced girl next door, (Although she often covers them with makeup). She portrays herself as a cool [[geek]]. Sophomore, 16, shy at times, open-minded, strong willed, she is extrovert but in her own eloquently straightforward way. She is a member of the new show choir team. Her best friend is [[Erin O'Byrne]], whom she is seen with or talking about in nearly every scene she is present in. Her dad often sends her [[YouTube]] videos as she goes about her day, though she is interested in them she appears annoyed the first time she mentions it to Savannah. Very confident in herself, Miri states to Savannah when asking about a possible tryout for show choir "if you want something you have to go for it". Miri Cyanne perfectly complemented her bestie Erin for both having their good looks but also smarts and offbeat way about carrying out a masterful adolescent agenda on occasion together.

'''Principal Guidry'''. Played by Joe McGettigan. Principal at East Valley Academy High School and openly a practicing Buddhist.A new principal taking over for a formerly failing regime on the school board, Guidry added his own group of teachers to act as the new council members. He makes it a point to use other resources for alternative funding like “Box tops for education clippings” brought in by all teachers and faculty. Not by his choice and under protest teacher Mr. Rowley has been volunteered by Guidry, to work as a council member in an early episode. During Melody Hull's final valedictorian speech to end the series, she extends Principal Guidry an open invitation to come to her [[Christian]] [[Church]].

'''Jaris Sundin'''. Played by Courtni Aries. An overworked 32-year-old widowed supermom, and neighbor to Dillon and his roommates, Jaris is the mother of three children. Jaris is noticeably pregnant with a fourth child on the way in the first few episodes of the series. Her husband Johan died recently, and she seeks support from her new friend Kaidence, a school counselor at East Valley Academy. Upon Khalil’s loss of his last immediate family member in the pilot episode, Jaris specifically conveys her support and understanding of family loss with Khalil, a classmate of Hayley and Griffin’s. Shortly after Khalil’s attempted [[suicide]], Jaris and her daughter Hayley, offer support by cooking and providing extra blankets to Khalil knowing Dillon has essentially become a foster family to Khalil.

'''Brody Vanderschmidt'''. Played by [[Bryan Kreutz]]. Brody is Dillon and Landon's nosy neighbor and expert video gamer. He is present with Dillon, Landon, or the Sundin twins playing video games, talking about video games, or dabbling into matters that concern his surrounding neighbors more than they should him. He gets a job as a Taxidermist after dressing up in a tacky suit for the interview. Brody who knows about ways to get [[hockey]] tickets online for cheap refers Bogore to stub-hub while helping him store his equipment in the Horseshoe apartment storage area. While helping Bogroe store his bulky DJ equipment it is apparent he knows more when Bogroe's roommates and Brody get into a conversation about his appearance. It is apparent that Brody is involved heavily in an ongoing cover up of Bogroe's side gig DJ job and eventually is one of two neighbors who reveal the truth to Dillon and Landon.

'''Mrs. Hialeah'''. Played by Sarah Cotton. Psychology teacher at East Valley Academy High School and openly into the psychological and emotional state of her students. In one of the first scenes of the pilot episode Hialeah is shown speaking in front of her class with an emotionally driven statement to her students. "I want to be that teacher that crosses the line. The one you remember... a teacher whose passion for students inspires them to go that extra step". Hialeah sticks alongside her friend Mr. Neil, when his best friend, and teacher, Mr. Stu is under a scandal at the school. She Singles out two students on the spot making them stand front and center in class as do not do examples. Hialeah's discipline is to have the school's most popular girl Savannah, and smartest girl Erin, have to endure an ongoing cooperative project together after school. Mrs. Hialeah's philosophy of student discipline goes too far in they eyes of Avril, Erin's mom, as she makes an in school visit confrontation.

'''Londyn Downey'''. Played by Brianna Langford. Londyn is a sophomore at East Valley Academy High School and a cheerleader. She's the former best friend of Savannah, seemingly from years past and has a bitter attitude towards Savannah now. Londyn is seen sitting next to Shane closely as if an item again, even though they are exes and Shane and Savannah are a couple. Londyn takes advantage of an opportunity to take Savannah’s on again off again boyfriend Shane back when she tells Savannah’s best Friend Sydney she is not moving out of St. Louis after all. Londyn sets up a specific café confrontation and unexpectedly gets tag teamed by two of Savannah’s friends. Londyn works part-time mostly after school as a sales representative at the Triumph Sports store in St.Louis. She is seen in an early episode selling sports skorts to the East Valley High Track and Basketball coaches in an effort to cut down on costs.A very convincing personality, her charm suits her beauty well as an effective sporty sales rep, Cheer-leading captain, and popular girl who is at the top of her game. Her sister is Berlin, and is only seen in one episode while the two sisters are at home.

'''Veronika Earney'''. Played by Emma Mitchell. Veronika is Dillon's on again and off again girlfriend. She is the daughter of a former alternative rock group producer who turned to Catholicism with a final album recently produced. She is pushed too far to join in on going to Dillon's Church to change her life. She initially tries to maintain her relationship with alcohol after a less than responsible upbringing by her father, but validates her childhood and goodness by her actively catholic mother primarily raising her. In the Pilot episode Veronika implores Dillon to move in with her, even though they are not married, he gives a dissertation on waiting that pushes her away enough to return to drinking and eavesdropping in distrust of his motives.Her best friend Juliana, questions Dillon on pushing Veronika too far and he eventually apologizes to her getting her back as a girlfriend.

'''Tessa Stockton'''. Played by Taylor Vandelicht. Tessa is a freshman at East Valley Academy School and close with her younger sister Mackenzie, whom is a girl scout. She is anything but quiet or soft-spoken, often vocalizing her opinion in and out of class. She's the one student who is seen as friends with both Savannah and Erin at the same time, ultimately becoming the victim of sisters Savannah and Thea's wrath at a cafe for being supportive of Erin's news of studying acting abroad.

'''Kaidence Crews'''. Played by Jamie Fritz. Counselor at East Valley academy High School and a bubbly blonde who is known to be in Principal Guidry’s business. She's friends with Jaris Sundin, helping her through her loss of a spouse and with her daughter Hayley's teacher touching situation. She guides many of the students emotionally, notably Savannah and her boyfriend troubles, Erin and her haughty behavior towards Savannah, and Khalil's suicidal and social behaviors.

'''Teagan Janney'''. Played by Stephanie Swink. The fashionable "other best friend" of Savannah Swanson. Teagan is a girl who has an eye for hair and fashion as she not only looks good, but she's the kind with that attractive high self-esteem. She helps taunt, but also has an analytical mentality when in two separate instances she is talking to Mr.Rowley and Londyn, appearing to be a smart mentor. She is the victim of a reported shoulder touching incident in class leading to Mr.Charles dismissal of teaching duties, when Hayley reports it to Counselor Kaidence.

'''Melody Hull'''. Played by Ashley Pavlige. A great singer who is neutral in her friendships often playing the mediator in arguments or careless convo's involving her many friends and is clearly the voice of reason. She is often seen sitting or hanging around with Khalil, Ellise, and Erin O'Byrne. Melody is the very last character seen speaking at the end of the series, giving her podium graduating [[Valedictorian]] speech as she sneaks in the final words to invite her [[Buddhist]] principal to her [[Christian]] church.

==Episodes Summary==
{| class="wikitable"
!Episode Name || Date of Release || Director(s) || Writer(s) || Story outline
|-
|'''''Superiority of the High and Mighty Kind-ness'''''|| October 25, 2014|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Joanna Ferbrache, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Roommates Dillon Magnum and Landon Lofton are moving out of an apartment and into a new apartment in St. Louis, likely to be further away from Saint Louis University (SLU), the college they have already been attending. The two have been talking about moving ever since they've been Freshman psychology students. Dillon states Landon is up for graduation and a final internship for himself as they finish college. One last internship elective they must take together is Applied Developmental Psychology: Variability in teacher-student interactions for SLU college credit at East Valley Academy High School. The high school is where they also graduated from four years earlier. Dillon, with the aid of longtime tenured High school teacher Neil Rowley, observes differences in clashing personalities between students Erin, the drama department class president, and Savannah the most popular student. Bogroe, a former high school roommate of the two college students crashes on their couch as freeloader. When Landon reluctantly challenges Bogroe to prove he is more responsible than in the past while they were in school, Bogroe takes exception and makes his couch proclamation to stay rather permanently.
|-
|'''''Friends, Family, and Freeloaders'''''|| November 1, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan, Bryan Kreutz</center>|| <center>Joanna Ferbrache, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Upon hearing the Sundin family neighbors yelling and putting on a sibling argument in early morning, the roommates are beginning to get accustom to the routine, although they’re not happy about it. After knocking on the neighbors door, Dillon offers to the widowed mother Jaris that she can come talk to him or Landon next door and that they work at East Valley academy during the day where two of her three kids go to school. Later widow neighbor and mother Jaris receives a call from Dillon that he is driving her son Griffin home instead of letting him ride the bus due to his newly contracted sickness. Dillon takes it a step further to invite the family, not just Griffin over to watch old pro basketball videos of Griffin's deceased father and Jaris' husband.
Savannah and Shane as a couple have high points and a rather questionable two- timing moment when Shane is seen with his Ex, Londyn, on what appears to be a date. Shane comments that he's torn between liking both Savannah and Londyn.
|-
|'''''Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2'''''|| November 8, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan</center>|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || Carefully observing and helping teach classes, Student teacher Dillon shows his frustration asking how his elders deal with students in the breakroom. The advice he seeks is from two most senior teachers at East Valley Academy. One teacher slips in a suggestion for Dillon to try the Bible for answers insinuating patience and guidance comes from the good book. He tells Dillon "This is how I cope".
Upon overhearing a music class side conversation about a new show choir, Miri, Erin’s best friend, tracks down Savannah to get the details for her and Erin to gain an edge on an early scoop about the audition. Nervous butterflies and insults ensue as many of the girls wait for their turn to go on the audition stage while guys and teachers look on with an official state judge. A multi-talented group of students audition for the new East Valley Academy show-choir where the results are left as a cliffhanger. Finding it difficult to deal with family tragedies, Khalil, slits his writs in front of the class and passes out.
|-
|'''''Fued of Friends and Foes'''''|| November 15, 2014|| <center>Tommy Callahan</center>|| <center>Tommy Callahan, Bryan Kreutz</center> || Singled out by Mrs. Hialeah and standing front and center in class as do not do examples, the school's most popular girl Savannah and smartest girl Erin have gone too far in their obvious hate for each other. Mrs. Hialeah's philosophy of student discipline goes too far in they eyes of Avril, Erin's mom, as she makes an in school visit to confront the teacher and Principal Guidry. Meanwhile Savanna's best friend Sydney and Ellise (Ellie) meet on her behalf with Londyn to discuss who the highly sought after guy Shane considers his girlfriend. Meanwhile Bogroe successfully sets up Landon on a blind date to entice him to leave his current girlfriend Tara so he can have her. Unbeknownst to Landon this blind date, Vanessa, Bogroe's former high school Ex, is in on the fun with Bogroe. Tara questions Landon's unusual behavior when she suspects something is going on.
|-
|'''''The Quintessence of a Situation'''''|| November 22, 2014|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center>|| <center>Bryan Kreutz, Emma Jane Mitchell, Lec Zorn</center> || Landon cracks down on Bogroe's laziness. Erin gets accepted to a prestigious acting school in Ireland, to the dismay of Savannah, who's already devastated from being cheated on by Shane. Kaidence reaches out to comfort Savannah, one on one, as well as Khalil, who is bummed about the results of the show choir. The teens involved in the schools madrigal show choir, ie. Savannah, begin to encounter moral and ethical dilemmas in the high school setting. Confident and armed with sheet music, Savannah in a change of heart, in what seems to be a good gesture, tells the show choir teacher, Fritz, she wants to sing a solo lead. Particularly boasting of her vocal talents, she takes Hialeah's advice giving the solo to her best friend Sydney in the first show choir performance. Londyn tries to build herself up in front her and her sister Berlin's friends by charging off in a blaze of glory with her ex-boyfriend, then demanding her sister lie to their parents about her whereabouts.
|-
|'''''Underlying agreements'''''|| March 14, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || Kaidence meets Jaris at home for the first time and the two quickly become friends. Erin and Griffin quickly become a couple of forevers. Bogroe is caught by the nosy neighbors on his way out to a money making side gig. Catcalls and bribery from Hayley force his hand to the coercion of cash to keep his secret gig an unknown to Dillon and Landon. A show-choir competition before the state finals reveals Ellie is giving Ms.Fritz pointers from her previous championship year before transferring. The group show-choir competition between East Valley Academy and Mount Vernon High-school appear flawlessly performed with the cliffhanger results left to be read by Principal Guidry.
|-
|'''''In the Middle of It All'''''|| April 11, 2015 || <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || East Valley's Show Choir competes on the road in the state competition at the St.Louis city-line high-school stage. Bogroe officially introduces his girlfriend Gemma, who cooks a masterpiece of food and charm. With Borgoe gone more, Dillon and Landon begin to wonder about a possible money making mystery when Bogroe is smiling, mocking, and sure of himself when asked about applying to the 10 jobs a week. Bogroe applies for jobs under Landon's ultimatum. However, Landon and Dillon are even more suspicious when they ask neighbor Brody if he knows something they don't about Bogroe latest act. Savannah and Erin endure their required school project together. Mr. Neil's covering for Mr. Stu's accused class wrongdoings are brought to the forefront by Hialeah who believes he's interfering with an upcoming school board hearing about his best friends recent dismissal from teaching duties. Jaris, surrounded by family and friends goes into what seems to be a complicated and painful labor early while at home.
|-
|'''''Gone, But Not Forgotten'''''|| October 19, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || When the results at the hospital appear seemingly glum, Jaris trusts in her faith and believes its a blessing in disguise. Recent family tragedies trigger traumatic experiences and even some confusing dreams of past memories for Hayley. With Mr.Neil close enough to vouch for its accuracy, Erin tries her own in class societal social structure comparison of her situation with Savannah and Sydney to make a point. Jake makes a heartfelt move to solidify his relationship with Sydney not knowing she had plans to break up with him. Griffin proclaims his love for Erin, knowing she is leaving for acting school in Ireland for the upcoming summer. Suspicion of Borgoe's secret side life become more evident when Landon texts Brody to come over and discuss posted pictures among other knowledge about their freeloading roommate.
|-
|'''''All Good Things Must Come to an End'''''|| October 26, 2015|| <center>Bryan Kreutz</center> || <center>Bryan Kreutz, Lec Zorn</center> || Savannah and Erin's cooperative class project for Mrs. Hialeah becomes the talk of the school and even has the principal discussing and Mr. Neil watching from afar. Sydney surprised as ever to see her best friend Savannah finally make peace with her class rival in the auditorium, is moved by the moment, and takes a risk herself with Landon. With the ongoing feud now mutually over between Erin and Savannah, Thea tries to overshadow it by bringing Erin in on what she thinks is inside info on Sydney and Landon's age difference relationship. Erin has clearly grown beyond the underclassmen style of gossip and walks out on Thea with her older sister by her side. Bogroe is busted by blabbing neighbors revealing the truth of his money making and is literally foot chased by his roommates. In hot pursuit of Bogroe, Dillon attempts to catch a glimpse of Bogroe's money making DJ-ing gig at a St.Louis club. Dillon wants answers now, Bogroe is fleeing for more time to consider a plan when tipped off that he is going to be confronted by his roommates.
|-
|}

==Marketing and budget==
[[File:Pure Flix logo.png|thumbnail|[[Pure Flix]] acquired and distributed the family media series with rights to all episodes of "Up on High Ground" after it announced the acquisition of video-on-demand service “I Am Flix”]]
Generally, the marketing of independent television series is characterized by limited release, but can also have major marketing campaigns. Up on High Ground had a wide release and heavy presence in the U.S. Central and East regions via Television syndication, additionally its North American presence being available online via Pure Flix. In the summer of 2015, when Up on High Ground's distribution platform “I Am Flix” announced it was being acquired by [[Pure Flix]], the launch of their newly re-branded SVOD (subscription video on demand) service made the program available on mobile devices, Roku, as well as the IOS or Android apps for increased viewership. Moreover, the program was now available through on-demand and video [[streaming]] for viewership to an even wider [[audience]] demographic.

The particularly unique factors about [[marketing]] of independent TV shows is capturing an audience and ramping up viewers that use social media before the premiere. Up on High Ground had three trailers released before the show premiered in the fall of 2014. Timing is incredibly important – Up On High Ground had to build up as much hype in the short space of time leading up to and around the launch as possible.

Using a multitude of different taping locations and unlike most major productions, where [[insurance]] is typically procured to protect against accidents, Executive Producer Bryan Kreutz found ways around using any insurance [[budget]] where location management requirements would hinder the effectiveness of the episode budget to agree and purchase insurance. This very strict budget allocation strengthened each production into making the series and in house production company stronger.

==Locations==
'''Primary locations overview'''
During the production of the series, most settings were utilized at a house in the Dutchtown, [[St. Louis]] neighborhood in the city of St. Louis, [[Missouri]] for the apartment settings and utilized classrooms in Arnold, Missouri as its primary settings for the program. Many of the off school campus scenes were shot on location at the Hotel Ignacio, Cafe Pinxtos and The Moto [[Museum]] buildings on Olive Street and Grand Center in the art district of St. Louis near the Fox Theater and St.Louis University.

'''Secondary locations overview'''

Secondary settings for apartment doorways, corridors, and B Roll were shot before the series or used from still images that were located in Pontoon Beach, Illinois. Two scenes of the apartment interiors were also shot at the Pontoon Beach, [[Illinois]] location. One very short take of character Brody speaking in Granite City, Illinois was used to compliment him showing a picture on his phone that precedes a Cut-in (Insert Shot). This only shot in Granite City, Illinois is the earliest footage used in the final cut of the series that was intended to be a dress rehearsal walk-through in August 31, 2013.

'''Classroom and East Valley school locations'''

The classroom settings were taped at the same location, but in four different actual church Sunday school rooms in Arnold Missouri. Most of these school rooms had green retractable walls for the crew to have more space to shoot the scenes. On September 7, 2013 the very first scene of the series was taped in one of these large classrooms that ended up being used in its entirety for episode 4 ''"Fued of Friends and Foes"''. In the same building location as the classrooms, the series taped the school hallways, lockers, library, Erin/Miri's room phone conversations, Principal Guidry's office, Most teacher board rooms, and an indoor basketball court gym. Adjacent to this building is where the scenes where shot for the school show choir stages and backstage's, college cafe, fuse ball room, teachers lounge, and counseling office for Minister George Ross.

'''Location proximity and management'''

The series taped as far east as Granite City [[Illinois]] and as far west as St.Peters [[Missouri]] with most shooting taking place in St. Louis Missouri and Arnold Missouri.

Jennifer Langford, the mother of actress Brianna Langford, who played Londyn Downey, played an integral part in securing and location management for the series in St. Louis.

Vikki Farmer was the location manager over the Arnold Missouri classroom and adjacent taping locations for the series' first five episodes, beyond that on a part time and interim basis, Trina Stephens managed the Arnold locations.

==Production History==
[[File:Bryan Kreutz - Up on High Ground.jpg|thumb|The series co-creator [[Bryan Kreutz]], (Left) would make an occasional appearance as the character Brody in between directing and producing]]
The TV series began production in 2013 as a co-venture between TV-Talk Show Producer and filmmaker Bryan Kreutz and Brayden Patterson. The production was filmed in several locations in and around St. Louis, Missouri USA, a rarity for the time of scripted TV.

Director Tommy Callahan started filming only a few days after the final on camera screen tests he specifically designated for lead actor Brayden Patterson. Callahan wanted one-on-one touch up rehearsal performances between him and Patterson ending with cast dress rehearsals on August 31, 2013. Filming occurred at no designated studios, all scenes were shot on-location.

Whilst Patterson's character Dillon appeared to be fully integrated as a student teacher in the original pilot production, the CW and PureFlix would ask for a new pilot to precede the original, establishing Patterson and his roommate Landon to have a full back-story. So the two characters appeared as roommates moving out of their college area housing and into the apartment seen throughout the series, along with an an explanation in the new first episode televised production.

Post-production, with award winning editor Dale Ward, did not include director Tommy Callahan for the third episode he directed "Friends, Family, and Freeloaders, Part 2". Callahan was not available to be in the post production facilities due to an illness. Moreover the episode was not co-directed by Bryan Kreutz, but was the only episode solely written by Kreutz so he stepped in during the post-production process for scene selection with editor Dale Ward. The entire process was performed at Concordia Seminary in Clayton, Missouri ending on May 2, 2014. Post-production includes all stages of production occurring after shooting or recording the individual program segments were completed. The subsequent episodes, including the new pilot, were performed by several other individuals at different post-production facilities.

On set production as well as post-production, ceased in October 2015, when the last episode also aired.

==Cast list==

*Dillon Magnum — played by Brayden Patterson
*Landon Lofton — played by Cody Jarvis
*Savannah Swanson — played by [[Rylee Cravens]]
*Bartholowmew Bogroe — played by Billy Patricks
*[[Erin O'Byrne]] — played by [[Erin Morris]]
*Sydney Ashdown — played by Sydney Thomas
*Griffin Sundin — played by Matthew Becker
*Hayley Sundin — played by Molly Cravens
*Thea Swanson — played by Jessica Jordan
*Neil Rowley — played by Neil McDonald
*Principal Guidry — played by Joe McGettigan
*Miri Cyanne — played by Malissa Williams
*Brody Vanderschmidt — played by [[Bryan Kreutz]]
*Londyn Downey — played by Brianna Langford
*Hialeah Oxendine — played by Sarah Cotton
*Jaris Sundin — played by Courtni Aries
*Veronika Earney — played by Emma Mitchell
*Kaidence Crews — played by Jamie Fritz
*Roxy Sundin — played by Aliyah Studt
*Khalil Burris — played by Lawson Burris
*Teagan Janney — played by Stephanie Swink
*Tessa Stockton — played by Taylor Vandelicht
*Ellie Cross — played by Tessa Drake
*Charissa Kirk — played by Grace Clark
*Ms. Fritz — played by Allison Shadwick
*Shane Sumner — played by Conner Lee
*Melody Hull — played by Ashley Pavlige
*Stu Charles — played by Charles Heuvelman
*Lara Camille — played by Camille Marolf
*Juliana — played by Emily Livaudais
*Jeremy Estrada — played by Charlie White
*Grant Kosanovich — played by Igor Stevanovic
*Jake — played by Stone Birkner
*Berlin Downey — played by Joanna Ferbrache
*Emma Loughborough — played by Dacey Geary
*Tara Giordano — played by Blair Dinucci
*Minister George — played by Lec Zorn
*Gemmah Qiáo — played by Sara Lin
*Jayda O'Byrne — played by Kailynne McFerran-Cruthis
*Mac Rowley — played by Randy Rambeau
*Avril O'Byrne — played by Kate Barton
*Wil — played by Mark Van Donsel
*Vanessa — played by Crystal Richardson

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3738106/ ''Up on High Ground ''] at IMDb
*[http://www.uponhighgroundtv.com/inside-the-cast-and-crew.php Up on High Ground Official Website]
*[http://www.tv.com/shows/up-on-high-ground/ TV.com]
*[https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/up-on-high-ground/707425/ tvguide.com]
*[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/Up_on_High_Ground_%28TV_series%29.html Up on High Ground on Wikipedia]
*[https://up-on-high-ground.fandom.com/wiki/Up_on_High_Ground Up on High Ground fandom.com]
*[https://sharetv.com/shows/up_on_high_ground sharetv]
*[https://www.bnd.com/entertainment/tv/article201355454.html Belleville News Democrat]
*[https://www.myleaderpaper.com/news/men-from-imperial-and-festus-work-together-to-chase-the/article_31c95e90-18c3-11e8-b0ea-33780a9f3c8b.html Leader Publications]
*[http://insidestl.com/local-spotlight-up-on-high-ground-2/1942936 Inside STL]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/34435908@N06/ Up on High Ground on Flickr]

[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Christian Media]]
[[Category:Christian Literature, Art, and Media]]

Rylee Cravens

2021-01-02T06:41:59Z

Technotronical: Created Actress page for Rylee Cravens, Derived from originally written material on the Wiki Fandom page I wrote. Updated to reflect newest material

{{Infobox person
|name=Rylee Marie Cravens
(American film, television actress, licensing manager 
Best known for her ''Up on High Ground'' Family drama series)
|image=
|birth_place=Belleville, Illinois 
St. Clair County, [[Illinois]]
|birth_date=February 7, 1998
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=
}}

'''Rylee Marie Cravens''' (born February 7, 1998) is an [[American]] actress, musician, and licensing manager in the film and television entertainment field in Los Angeles. Cravens is best known for her award winning role for Best Actress playing the popular, blonde, teenage high school student Savannah Swanson on the syndicated [[Pure Flix]] and [[The CW]] family drama [[television]] series [[Up on High Ground]].

==Early roles and education==
Rylee began acting at age 10 in independent TV and films concurrently while playing select soccer ultimately for a total of 12 years in the [[Illinois]] and greater [[St. Louis]] Area.

Notably she was cast to play a bit part in the St. Louis independent feature film "Hercules: The Brave and the
Bold" in 2012 alongside her two sisters, Molly and Cali. At the time, assistant director [[Bryan Kreutz]] who helped cast her, saw something more in her for a lead role he had in mind a year later that was the TV series [[Up on High Ground]] after also casting her in a short film "[[To Inflict]]". Rylee who is also a musician;
playing the [[Saxophone]] and [[Piano]], is also a talented singer. Rylee sang the vocals in the opening credits title theme for the TV series she starred in "Up on High Ground". Having graduated from California State University, Northridge in 2019 and after receiving further critical praise, following her success with independent films and television, Rylee has been appearing in big-budget Hollywood films.

Cravens has worked for several years donating her time to the [[Los Angeles]] community as a mentor and educator for [[Nonprofit organization|nonprofit organizations]] working with School on Wheels and 826LA. Cravens helped students to achieve their educational goals, understand economic empowerment through the education of children and community outreach and also provided students with access to tutoring, private academic advising sessions, and school essentials on her own time as a community leader.

==Up on High Ground==
[[File:Rylee Cravens - Up On High Ground.jpg|thumb|Rylee Cravens stars as the school's popular student, Savannah Swanson]]
Rylee Cravens portrayed the [[High School]] Sophomore character Savannah Swanson for the "Up on High Ground" Family drama series run of all 9 episodes from 2014-2015. Rylee won the 2020 Detaron TV roku Best Actress award for her role as Savannah Swanson in "Up on High Ground".

Cravens was the highest billed female character in the cast for the family and faith based TV series Up on High Ground, as the co-star and playing the character Savannah. Up on High Ground marks the third time that Brayden Patterson, Joe McGettigan, Bryan Kreutz and and [[Erin Morris]] have worked together alongside sisters Rylee and Molly Cravens. The first was the 2013 Indie Fest USA qualifying short film, To Inflict, and the second was the feature film Hercules: The Brave and the Bold. Cravens appeared in every episode of the series that ran on several The CW TV affiliates in syndication and Pure Flix Entertainment from 2014-2015.
[[File:Up On High Ground - script reading on set.jpg|thumb|Script reading by the the student cast members while on the classroom set. Malissa Williams (Left), [[Erin Morris]] (Left center), Matthew Becker (Right Center), and Rylee Cravens (Right)]]
Bryan Kreutz, who worked closely with Cravens in two previous films, stated "I knew she would be the perfect fit to play this lead girl role without an audition", further stating in a featurette for the series “She was your A-typical American popular girl and that's what we cast her for”.

The series opening title sequence theme was written by Matt Griffin and originally expected to be sung by a male voice. Producer Bryan Kreutz specifically wanted a unique female voice so he asked Cravens and she lent her voice with multiple delivery options. Cravens recorded the vocals at a St. Louis county radio station studio in October 2013 during the early production of the series. Coincidentally, the recording studio was located in the same building where Rylee's younger sister Molly was taping a scene for Up on High Ground. The on location scene in a school counselors office, was located two floors up in the building and taped on the same night Rylee recorded the theme.

Cravens offered some of her own personal wardrobe to wear for the costuming as her age and attire was perfect for the role of a high-school er. The first short meeting on set with producer Bryan Kreutz had her wearing her own casual red summer dress for the second of two scenes filming that first day in 2013. This red summer dress was associated with Cravens character Savannah as Kreutz stated as "A truly effective costume provides character information even before the character speaks." The red dress can be seen in all three TV series trailers released and through many of the episodes.

Upon the completion of the nine episode series run, Co-Creator Kreutz considered a spin off series with Rylee Cravens as the lead along with Erin Morris to continue their on screen chemistry at the forefront of a weekly program.

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
!Movie/TV Show Name || Date of Release || Role
|-
|'' To Inflict'' || 2013 || Summer Swanson - Office Intern
|-
|'' Hercules: The Brave and the Bold'' || 2013 || Clotho
|-
|''Up on High Ground'' || 2014-2015 || Savannah Swanson
|-
|''I Miss Me'' || 2015 || Bookstore Customer 3
|-
|''Supreme Justice with Judge Karen'' || 2018 || Herself
|-
|'' Ford v Ferrari'' || 2019 || Le Mans Spectator
|-
|''Daughterhood'' || 2019 || Churchgoer
|-
|''The Way Back'' || 2020 || Hayes Student
|-
|''The Never List'' || 2020 || High School Dancer

|}

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5192417/ Rylee Cravens at the IMDb database]
*[http://www.tv.com/people/rylee-cravens/ tv.com]
*[https://www.themoviedb.org/person/1163713-rylee-cravens Rylee Cravens at the Movie db]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cravens, Rylee}}
[[Category:Actresses]]
[[Category:Illinois]]

Gates McFadden

2020-12-08T23:52:20Z

Technotronical: /* Film Television and theater career */ added picture of Gates McFadden as Dr. Beverly Crusher form Star Trek: The Next Generation poster with info caption box

{{Infobox person
|name=Gates McFadden
(American film, stage, television actress 
Best known for her ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' sci-fi series)
|image=
|birth_place=Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio
|birth_date=March 2, 1949
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=John Talbot
}}
'''Cheryl Gates McFadden''' (born March 2, 1949 in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio), is known for being a prominent actress in American television, film and theater. Gates McFadden is an accomplished dancer and she is also a choreographer, being credited under her name Cheryl McFadden when working as a choreographer and Gates McFadden when working as an actress. McFadden is most known for her role as Dr. Beverly Crusher throughout six of the seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation and in four Star Trek theatrical films. McFadden also directed the Star Trek: The Next Generation seventh season episode "Genesis" and choreographed the dance routine in the fourth season episode "Data's Day". McFadden is notable for her fiery [[Red Hair|red hair]], startling blue eyes, and razor cheekbones. Graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (cum laude) in the theatre arts at [[Brandeis University]] in Waltham, Massachusetts. Mcfadden then moved to [[Paris]] to focus on studies in theatre with actor Jacques Lecoq at his school. McFadden is of [[Lithuanian]] descent on her mother's side.

==Film Television and theater career==
McFadden has publicly expressed being fond about acting on stage while performing for an audience. One of McFadden's favorite credits was the Shakespeare work she did in New York and "To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday".

Early on in her career on camera McFadden appeared as the character Tammy Dryden for 5 episodes in the TV series "The Edge of Night" during the 1982 season. McFadden also appeared in a 1983 TV commercial for the [[National Enquirer]] tabloid magazine.

[[File:Cheryl Gates McFadden and Jennifer Connelly during a break from the ballroom scene on the 1986 film Labyrinth.jpg|right|thumb|Cheryl Gates McFadden and Jennifer Connelly during a break from the ballroom scene on the 1986 film "[[Labyrinth]]".]]
McFadden often worked at The [[Jim Henson]] Company, working behind the scenes of the 1986 film "[[Labyrinth]]" starring [[David Bowie]] and Jennifer Connelly (as director of choreography and puppet movement). McFadden was also choreographer for the film "The Muppets Take Manhattan", which also featured a brief, first on-screen film appearance as an actress, playing Dabney Coleman's secretary.

After a few small guest spot TV appearances, including her appearance in the season-three episode of The Cosby Show, "Cliff's 50th Birthday", McFadden would go on to bigger and better things.

In 1987 McFadden auditioning for Star Trek: The Next Generation, walked in and was told they had three roles, and she could play any part she wanted. McFadden asked, "Which one is the funniest?" Beverly Crusher, after looking at the scene from the episode "The Naked Now" McFadden interprets it as funny because Beverly is kind of drunk in the script she reads from the fictional polywater intoxication. McFadden thought, "This is funny" and chose to read for the role, landing it.

McFadden's character Beverly Crusher, first appeared in the first episode "Encounter at Farpoint" for Star Trek: The Next Generation in 1987. Early on in the Star Trek: The Next Generation series, Beverly and Jean-Luc Picard experienced several romantically close calls. Once was under the influence of the Psi 2000 polywater intoxication, where Crusher openly flirted with Picard attempting to gain his attention romantically by unzipping her uniform top in front of him on the bridge of the [[Enterprise]]. Only a few episodes later Picard invited Beverly onto the holodeck to participate in a Dixon Hill private investigator story from earth's past. The story line includes Picard being noticeably attracted to Beverly wearing her 1940's era clothing telling her "You wear it well."

McFadden left the the Star Trek: The Next Generation series at the end of the first season in early 1988 and was replaced by Diana Muldaur as Doctor Katherine Pulaski in the second season. McFadden received a call from her agent who told her that the producers of the Star Trek series decided to go in another direction with the Beverly character. Like the other cast members, McFadden was surprised. McFadden states that she was fired. Stating it was a lesson learned that she was too vocal to the show's producers and writing staff regarding some of the writing on The Next Generation being sexist, and was un-savvy at the time regarding Paramount studio politics. Ultimately, McFadden felt that she spoke her mind "in a way that made the staff mad, notably head writer and show-runner Maurice Hurley. Hurley was blamed for the firing of Gates McFadden, who played the role of Dr. Beverly Crusher, at the end of the show's first season. Executive producer Rick Berman recalled that Hurley "had a real bone to pick" with McFadden, that he did not like her acting and really didn't like Gates McFadden personally essentially hating to work with her.
[[File:Gates McFadden (Dr Beverly Crusher) poster.jpg|right|thumb|Gates McFadden as Dr. Beverly Crusher in a poster from [[Star Trek]]: The Next Generation]]
But thanks to a letter-writing campaign, support from [[Patrick Stewart]], and a personal invitation from Executive producer Rick Berman, McFadden was brought back to the Star Trek: The Next Generation cast for the third and subsequent seasons. This was all after McFadden was absent for every episode of the second season, except for the last episode "Shades of Gray", which contained archived footage for flashback scenes from season one of Dr.Crusher.

Starting in 1988 after the first season of her exit from Star Trek: The Next Generation, McFadden began playing the recurring role of Dr. Lisa Mallory on the soap opera "All My Children".

During her break from Star Trek: The Next Generation, McFadden played Caroline Ryan (another doctor with a husband named Jack) in the movie "The Hunt for Red October". She returned to [[Manhattan]] for the break where she performed in a play and took up improvisation at the New York University's Graduate School of the Arts.

McFadden became pregnant with her and her husband (John Talbot) first and only child during the fourth season of Star Trek: The Next Generation, learning of the [[pregnancy]] only days after performing her own stunts for the episode "Remember Me".

In a 2017 tweet by Gates McFadden she stated "All that red hair was under a wig!!! #WhyCrusher looked like she wore #footballhelmet". McFadden hid her own hair under a wig, requiring more than an hour of preparation time before each day of shooting Star Trek: The Next Generation.

McFadden appeared in the TV Series "L.A. Law" for one episode during her Star Trek TV days.

In 1995 and after the Star Trek: The Next Generation TV series and first feature film "Star Trek:Generations", McFadden appearing as a series regular for 13 episode on the TV series "Marker" playing the character Kimba. McFadden also appeared in four episodes of the [[NBC]] sitcom "Mad About You" as the character Allison Rourke.

McFadden has appeared in numerous guest and even a recurring role from 2011-2013 on the TV series "Franklin & Bash" as Judge Mallory Jacobs.

==Family and teaching==
McFadden is married to John Talbot. Her son is named James Cleveland McFadden-Talbot, he was born on June 10, 1991. Although the directors were able to hide her pregnancy behind objects and her character Dr. Beverly Crusher's trademark blue lab coat, it was briefly visible in some episodes, including "The Host". Her son was born over hiatus; Brent Spiner who plays Data in Star Trek: The Next Generation is her son's godfather.

McFadden was present to support longtime co-star and close friend [[Patrick Stewart]] when he was inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame on December 16, 1996 in [[Hollywood]], [[California]].

Teaching positions for McFadden have included [[New York University|New York University Tisch School of the Arts]], [[Brandeis University]], [[University of Pittsburgh]], AADA, [[Harvard]], The Stella Academy in Hamburg, and [[University of Southern California]] (USC) where she was awarded the George Burns Teaching Fellowship. McFadden built the AVT Theatre in [[Los Angeles]] when she was Artistic Director of Ensemble Studio Theatre LA.

==Filmography==

===Film===
* ''The Dark Crystal'' (1982)
* ''The Muppets Take Manhattan'' (1984)
* ''Rustlers' Rhapsody'' (1985)
* ''Dreamchild'' (1985)
* ''When Nature Calls'' (1985)
* ''[[Labyrinth]]'' (1986) – (choreographer)
* ''The Hunt for Red October (film)'' (1990)
* ''Taking Care of Business (film)'' (1990)
* ''Beyond the Groove'' (1990) film TV.
* ''Star Trek Generations'' (1994)
* ''Star Trek First Contact'' (1996)
* ''Crowned and Dangerous'' (1997)
* ''Star Trek Insurrection'' (1998)
* ''Star Trek Nemesis'' (2002)
* ''Dirty (film)'' (2005)
* ''Make the Yuletide Gay'' (2009)

===Television===
* ''The Wizard (TV series)'' (1986) episode "El Dorado"
* ''The Cosby Show'' (1987) episode "Cliff's 50th Birthday"
* ''[[Star Trek franchise|Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'' (1987–1988; 1989–1994)
* ''L.A. Law'' (1992) episode "Steal It Again, Sam"
* ''Dream On (TV series)'' (1993) episode "The Book, the Thief, Her Boss and His Lover"
* ''Party of Five'' (1994) episode "Something Out of Nothing"
* ''Marker (TV series)'' (1995)
* ''Mad About You'' (1995–1996) four episodes
* ''The Practice'' (2000) episode "Checkmates"
* ''The Division'' (2001) episode "Hero"
* ''The Handler (TV series)'' (2004) episode "Wedding Party"
* ''Family Guy'' (2009) episode "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven" (voice)
* ''Franklin & Bash'' (2011–2013) four episodes
* ''Scary Endings'' (2016) 1 episode "U Get What U Deserve" (voice)
* ''A Neighbor's Deception'' (2017) (TV Movie, As Dr Constance Abrams)
* ''NCIS'' (2017) episode "Skeleton Crew"

==External links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000533/ Gates McFadden at the IMDb database]
*[http://www.tv.com/people/gates-mcfadden/ tv.com]

[[Category:Actresses]]
[[Category:Ohio]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

John MacArthur

2020-12-08T23:31:05Z

Technotronical: /* Career highlights and notes */ Added picture of John MacArthur and David Torres with picture caption box

{{Infobox person
|name= John MacArthur
(American pastor-teacher, author, radio evangelist 
Best known for his '' Grace to You'' radio series)
|image=
|birth_place= Los Angeles 
Los Angeles County, [[California]]
|birth_date= June 19, 1939
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse= Patricia MacArthur
}}

'''John Fullerton MacArthur Junior''', (born June 19, 1939) is an [[American]] pastor-teacher of Grace Community Church in Sun Valley, [[California]], which is a [[megachurch]] founded in 1956. MacArthur is also an author, editor of the MacArthur Study Bible, conference speaker, founder and president of The Master's University, a non-denominational Christian liberal arts university in Santa Clarita, California. MacArthur is also the chancellor emeritus of The Master's University in Santa Clarita, California, and The Master's Seminary in [[Los Angeles]], California.
He is known worldwide as an influential Christian leader and teacher with the syndicated [[Christian]] [[radio]] program ''"Grace to You"'' as a part of their media ministry since 1969.

MacArthur is an [[Evangelical]] Christian pastor. Theologically, MacArthur is considered a [[Calvinist]] and a strong proponent of the method of expository preaching. MacArthur has been acknowledged by the [[Billy Graham]] founded evangelical periodical magazine 'Christianity Today' as one of the most influential preachers of his time and has been a frequent guest on ''[[Larry King]] Live'' as a representative of an evangelical Christian perspective.

MacArthur has written dozens of bestselling books in more than four decades of ministry. Best-selling books of note include: ''“The MacArthur Study Bible"'', which has sold more than 1 million copies and received a Gold Medallion Book Award. ''"MacArthur New Testament Commentary Series"'' (sold more than 1 million copies), ''"Twelve Ordinary Men"'' (more than 500,000 copies), and the children's book ''"A Faith to Grow On"'', the recipient of an Evangelical Christian Publishers Association Book Award. Other best selling MacArthur books include: ''"Truth for Today"'', ''"The Truth War"'', ''"Hard to Believe"'', ''"The Gospel According to Jesus"'', ''"Found: God’s Will"'', and ''"Twelve Extraordinary Women"''.

==Family and Education==
John MacArthur is the grandson of [[Episcopal]] minister Harry MacArthur (deceased 1950) and son of [[Baptist]] preacher Jack MacArthur (born in [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], [[Canada]]) and Irene Dockendorf (and a fifth cousin of [[U.S. Army]] general [[Douglas MacArthur]]), MacArthur was born in [[Los Angeles]]. He was a well-known athlete in his college years, where he played football at Los Angeles Pacific College (now Azusa Pacific University). Following in his father's college footsteps, MacArthur studied the [[Arminian]] theology of John Miley and Henry Orton Wiley at two colleges: the Fundamentalist Bob Jones University from 1957 to 1959, then transferring to the Los Angeles Pacific College (now Azusa Pacific University). In 1963, MacArthur received his Masters of [[Divinity]] from Talbot School of Theology at Biola University, in La Mirada, California. At Talbot, MacArthur was influenced by [[Dispensationalism]], Amyraldism and by Dispensational [[Premillennialism]] via Dr. Charles L. Feinberg. The dean of the seminary, Feinberg, was [[Jewish]], and after studying for 14 years to be a rabbi, was converted to Christ. This transfer from Pacific College and then on to Talbot Seminary, reflected MacArthur’s discomfort with the ‘war psychology’ of classical [[fundamentalism]] and his move toward more mainstream [[evangelicalism]].

==Career highlights and notes==
[[File:Pastor John MacArthur 2013 with David Torres.jpg|right|thumb|Pastor John MacArthur in 2013 with David Torres, a Masters Seminary graduate, and radio producer, after a most powerful sober sermon titled, "The Tale of Two Preachers." in [[California]].]]
MacArthur began serving as an associate pastor from 1964 to 1966, at the Harry MacArthur Memorial Bible Church (now Calvary Bible Church in Burbank, California), the church his father Jack had planted and named after his own father. From 1966 to 1969, MacArthur served as a faculty representative for Talbot Theological Seminary. On February 9, 1969, he became the third pastor at the nondenominational Grace Community Church of Sun Valley, California at the age of twenty-nine.

In 1977, seemingly by accident, a small number of MacArthur's ''"Grace to You"'' tapes found their way on the air in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], and “Grace to You” radio was born. Christian radio was blossoming into a powerful, personal conduit for feeding people’s hunger for God’s Word according to MacArthur.

Soon thereafter radio not only allowed MacArthur's ministry daily access to millions of people, but it fueled demand for other resources.
The Grace Community Church grew in number, notably not by the implementation of pragmatic church growth methods, but through MacArthur’s commitment to expositional preaching. Grace to You became an independent, self-funded, nonprofit company in the early 1980s and subsequently bought its own building. With growth there also came challenges; these included a painful rebellion by MacArthur’s staff (‘Black Tuesday’) and a 1980 lawsuit brought against MacArthur charging ‘clergy malpractice’ after the suicide of a church member.

MacArthur's local church ministry grew even larger via Grace Community’s acquisition of Los Angeles Bible College and its transformation to the Master’s College in 1985, with the addition of the Master’s Seminary in 1986. Essentially the local church ministry began to flourish in multiple areas including public preaching, print, and through education.
Since the late 1990s MacArthur's broadcast "Grace to You" is distributed to radio stations using computer technology including online videos, and study materials derived from some broadcasts as well as messages in MP3 format via podcasts.

MacArthur is very open about opposing same-sex marriage and the social justice movement. Particularly leading up to the 2015 [[U.S. Supreme Court]] law, which seemingly with ease, struck down all state bans on same-sex marriage, then legalized it. MacArthur like many other [[Christian]] pastors who view the [[biblical]] view of marriage between a man and women, has delivered numerous sermons where he discusses these issues, stating "As a Christian, you must not compromise what the Bible says about [[homosexuality]] – ever. Your first sympathies belong to the Lord and to the exaltation of his righteousness. Homosexuals stand in defiant rebellion against the will of their Creator who from the beginning "made them [[male]] and [[female]]" (Matthew 19:4).

==Personal life==
MacArthur is married to his wife, Patricia and together they have four children and fifteen grandchildren and 1 great-grandchild as of 2017.

==External Links==
* [https://www.gracechurch.org/ Grace Community Church - Senior Pastor John MacArthur]
* [https://www.gty.org/ Grace to You - MacArthur's sermons (audio and text) available for download]

[[Category:1960s]]
[[Category:Christian Education]]
[[Category:Religion and Politics]]
[[Category:Fundamentalism]]
[[Category:Best Selling Authors]]
[[Category:Religious People]]
[[Category:Evangelists]]
[[Category:Broadcasters]]

Roger Angell

2020-12-08T23:23:00Z

Technotronical: /* Career highlights and notes */ Added picture of Roger Angell and infobox with another contributor to the New Yorker magazine

{{Infobox person
|name= Roger Angell
(American author, senior fiction editor and eminent baseball essayist 
Best known for The New Yorker magazine essay “This Old Man,” a book, "This Old Man: All in Pieces")
|image=
|birth_place= [[New York City, New York]], U.S. 
|birth_date= September 19, 1920
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=Evelyn Baker (deceased) 
Carol Rogge Angell (deceased) 
Margaret Moorman
}}

'''Roger Angell''', (born September 19, 1920) is an [[American]] author, senior fiction editor, and eminent baseball essayist in [[New York City, New York]]. Roger Angell is one of the handful of writers enshrined in Major League baseball's Hall of Fame. "The Summer Game", a [[New York Times Best Seller List|New York Times best Seller]], Angell's first book on the sport, changed baseball writing forever. Examining baseball's complex place in American psyche.
Other notable books authored by Angell are "Five Seasons", "Late Innings: A Baseball Companion", "Season Ticket", "Let Me Finish", and "This Old Man: All in Pieces".

Angell has many awards for his writing, including the George Polk Award for Commentary in 1980, the Kenyon Review Award for Literary Achievement in 2005 along with Umberto Eco, and in 2011 Angell was awarded the inaugural PEN America/[[ESPN]] Lifetime Achievement Award for Literary Sports Writing. This PEN America award is given to one living American or U.S.-based writer each year to celebrate their body of work.

Angell was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2007 and is a long-time ex-officio member of the council of the Authors Guild.

Angell was named the 2014 recipient of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award by the Baseball Writers' Association of America on December 10, 2013.

==Family and Education==
Roger Angell is the son of the New Yorker's first fiction editor Katharine Sergeant Angell White, and the stepson of American author [[E. B. White]]. His father was Ernest Angell, an American lawyer and author who served as President of the [[American Civil Liberties Union]] for 19 years, from 1950 to 1969. Roger Angell's parents divorce in 1929, they were the parents of Roger and his older sister Nancy Angell (1916–1996), Nancy was the former head of the science department at Moravian [[Seminary]] for Girls.

Roger Angell was raised in the cultural shade of the New Yorker magazine’s various physical and metaphysical branches of philosophy. Angell watched Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig belt home runs in [[Yankee Stadium]] as a young kid while an avid fan of the game of baseball by the [[Great Depression]] era.

Angell is a 1938 graduate of the Pomfret School and attended [[Harvard University]]. Angell served in the The [[United States Army Air Forces]] (USAAF or AAF) during [[World War II]].

==Career highlights and notes==
[[File:Roger Angell and Edward Koren - Koren exhibition.jpg|right|thumb|Roger Angell posses with his friend and New Yorker magazine cartoonist/artist Edward Koren at the opening of the Koren exhibition. Like Angell's contributions, this exhibition celebrated the career of Edward Koren as a long-standing contributor to The New Yorker.]]
In March 1944, Roger Angell sold a short story called “Three Ladies in the Morning” to The New Yorker, this was the very first story published in the magazine written by Angell. Angell's byline, which came at the end of the piece in those days, was “Cpl.

Holiday magazine, an American travel magazine with esteemed writer E. B. White. The magazine brought on board White's stepson, 27-year-old Roger Angell to write at the magazine in 1948. Angell, then was just planting the roots of his own publishing career.

Angell began as a fiction editor in 1956 joining the New Yorker Magazine as a fiction editor under William Maxwell. Angell held this post for almost four decades and presided over an excellent stable of contributors. Even the most famous New Yorker authors were not spared Angell’s microscopic examinations of their every sentence. Some luminaries had certain stories rejected. During this time as a fiction editor, Angell in the spring of 1962, walked into the office or his editor, William Shawn, to ask if The New Yorker could use a piece on baseball. It was then when Angell started writing about baseball at the New Yorker in 1962, the [[New York Mets]] first season. The New Yorker sent Angell to [[Florida]] to write about a spring training camp. Roger wrote a lot about baseball, but he was never actually a sportswriter. He never had a column and never followed a team. Yet, his writing earned him a spot in the baseball hall of fame.

No matter how he chose to portray himself, Angell was more than just a baseball Fan; Angell was the latest in a long line of gentleman New Yorker sports reporters that included Herbert Warren Wind, Audax Minor, and A.J. Liebling, who covered [[golf]], the race track, and [[boxing]], respectively.

Although Roger Angell has written over one hundred pieces on baseball in stories or essays and books, one of his favorites remains “The Web of the Game,” a story about the May 21, 1981, [[NCAA]] Regional Tournament game at Yale Field between Yale and St. John’s University.

In the early- and mid-1990s, Angell's longer print pieces got much shorter under the controversial editorship of Tina Brown, down from his customary 30-plus pages to approximately 10 pages.

Angell contributed commentary to American filmmaker Ken Burns [[PBS]] [[documentary]] miniseries titled "Baseball" in 1994.

Angell posted his first baseball piece to the New Yorker blog on October 17, 2008 and, with the exception of a magazine recap of the 2009 postseason, all of his baseball commentary now appears on the magazine's blog.

The morning of October 28, 2011, [[Major league baseball]] fans were treated to something special, when The New Yorker blog posted Angell's scorecard of the tremendous sixth game of the [[St. Louis Cardinals]] versus [[Texas Rangers]] World Series, in which the Rangers were twice one strike away from winning the Championship, with the Cardinals winning it all.

==Personal life==
Roger Angell's first marriage, to Evelyn Baker, resulted in daughters named Callie and Alice. With his second wife, Carol Rogge Angell, he had a son named John Henry.

Callie Angell, who was an authority on the films of [[Andy Warhol]], committed suicide at the age of 62 on May 5, 2010, in [[Manhattan]], where she worked as a curator at the Whitney Museum of American Art.

A month before she committed suicide, Callie Angell did something she had done frequently since becoming curator of the Andy Warhol Film Project in 1991. She was introducing a program of recently restored Warhol-related films at [[New York University]]’s Orphan Film Symposium.

Callie Angell was particularly delighted about one small discovery. In Warhol's [[photographer]] crew, which included Barbara Rubin, there was footage of a brief shot of Warhol on a bus, reading a [[tabloid]] [[newspaper]] revealing the arrest of 52-year-old actress Hedy Lamarr, who had been caught shoplifting at a [[Los Angeles]] department store.

In a 2014 essay, Roger Angell mentioned Callie's death as "my oldest child, had ended her life, and the oceanic force and mystery of that event had not left full space for tears."

Alice Angell lived in [[Portland, Maine]] and died from cancer on February 2, 2019, and John Henry Angell lives in [[Portland, Oregon]].

His second wife, Carol Rogge Angell, to whom he was married for 48 years, died on April 10, 2012, of metastatic [[Breast cancer|breast cancer]] at the age of 73.

In 2014, Angell married Margaret Moorman, a [[writer]] and [[teacher]], as noted in the Ellsworth American newspaper.

On September 19, 2020, Angell turned 100.

==External Links==
* [https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/roger-angell The New Yorker Magazine Contributor Roger Angell]
* [https://www.csmonitor.com/Books/Book-Reviews/2015/1124/This-Old-Man-displays-the-charms-of-New-Yorker-writer-Roger-Angell The Christian Science Monitor - 'This Old Man' by Roger Angell book review]

[[Category:1920s]]
[[Category:New York]]
[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:Essayists]]
[[Category:American Authors]]
[[Category:Best Selling Authors]]
[[Category:Baseball]]
[[Category:World War II]]

Red Hair

2020-12-08T23:08:50Z

Technotronical: /* Culture */ Added picture of Red haired singer and model Lena Katina

[[File:Erin_Morris-_Up_on_High_Ground.jpg|thumb|Woman with red hair]]
[[File:Red Haired Man.jpg|thumb|Man with red hair and beard]]
'''Red hair''' (or '''ginger hair''') occurs naturally in two percent of the overall planet earth, human population, appearing in higher percentages (two to six percent) among people of Northern or Northwestern European ancestry and lesser frequency in other human populations. So for the most part, gingers are a rare breed, far outnumbered by the yellow and brown haired members of the human species.
It is most common in individuals homozygous for a recessive allele on chromosome 16 that produces an altered version of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) protein. According to a study in 2003 by Gregory S. Barsh of Stanford University, the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) plays important roles in human basal pigmentation and ultra violet rays (UVR)-induced tanning response. The human MC1R locus is highly polymorphic. Gene polymorphism is a gene is said to be polymorphic if more than one allele occupies that gene's locus within a population. This result of being highly polymorphic is what happens in the diversity of skin pigmentation levels. Extensive research by Paul B. Fisher and Kenneth D. Tew in the book "Advances in Cancer Research" fully detail MC1R variants, red hair and melanoma susceptibility for the human population with red hair.

Red hair in all it’s unique hues vary from a dark auburn or bright copper, to burnt orange, or red-orange to strawberry blond. Red hair has the highest levels of pheomelanin, containing a reddish pigment of around 67 percent, and mainly low levels of eumelanin, a dark brown/black bioaggregate of melanin pigment. Red hair is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye color, freckles, and sensitivity to [[ultraviolet]] light.
Cultural reactions to red hair have varied from ridicule to admiration with many common stereotypes in existence regarding redheads. Since 1510 the term redhead (originally redd hede) has been in use on earth.
==Genetic Mutation==
[[File:Crystal-Strawberry-blonde-lighter-red_hair-tribune_com.jpg|thumb|Woman with strawberry blond red hair and lighter eye color]]
Science is clear that being redheaded isn't the same as being a blonde or a brunette. That's because our ginger baes are different on a genetic level, which may be why it's so hard to fake, at least convincingly. In fact, gingers specifically have a mutation on their MC1R gene, according to the National Institutes of Health.
Redheads really do have a special set of attributes that their blonde and brunette counterparts don't. The following are scientific facts that make their hair so crimson and their skin so pale.
The mutation on their MC1R gene increases the amount of the red pigment (phaeomelanin) that gingers have, and decreases the amount of the darker pigment (eumelanin) they produce. That's what causes redheads to have fairer skin, freckles, pale colored eyes and, of course, red hair. That's also why redheads have to be careful in the sun, as they're more sensitive to sunlight due to the lack of eumelanin.
== Auburn hair==
[[File:Rachel-Auburn-Hair-tribune_com.jpg|thumb|left|An [[American]] girl with freckles, and a darker shade of red, known as "auburn hair"]]
Auburn hair is commonly described as being a rich deep red shade or a reddish brown in color or dark ginger.
Auburn hair is a variety of red hair. Auburn hair ranges in shades from medium to dark. It can be found with a wide array of skin tones and eye colors, but as is the case with most red hair, it is commonly associated with light skin features. The chemical pigments that cause the coloration of auburn hair are frequently pheomelanin with high levels of eumelanin; however, the auburn hair is due to a mutated melanocortin 1 receptor gene in the people of Northwestern European descent and by a mutated TYRP1 gene in the Austronesians, both genes that reduce the melanin production of the hair cells.
"Auburn" can be used to describe many shades of reddish hair with similar definitions or hues. It is often conflated in popular usage with Titian hair. In comparison, titian is a tint of red hair, most commonly described as brownish-orange, while auburn hair is a brownish shade of red hair, specifically defined as encompassing the actual color red. Most definitions of Titian hair describe it as a brownish-orange color, but some describe it as being reddish. This is in reference to red hair itself, not the color red. The term originates from Tiziano Vecellio (Titian), c1488–1576, an Italian painter, perhaps the most important painter of the Renaissance in Venice, Italy who would often depict women with red hair of this description. Titian has been used as a hair color term in the United States as early as the 1800s, when women were commonly using henna to dye their hair a Titian color.
Auburn encompasses the deep color maroon, which is a chestnut red color, and Merlot, which is a touch lighter and a bit redder than burgundy. In contrast with the two colors, auburn is more red in color, while chestnut is more brown, and burgundy is more purple; chestnut hair is also commonly referred to as "chestnut-brown".
The word "auburn" comes from the Old French word alborne, which meant blond, coming from Latin word alburnus ("off-white"). Additionally from Medieval Latin alburnus whitish. The first recorded use of auburn in English was in 1430. The word was sometimes corrupted into abram, for example in early (pre-1685) folios of Coriolanus, Thomas Kyd's Soliman and Perseda (1588) and Thomas Middleton's Blurt, Master Constable (1601).
Auburn hair is quite prevalent among people of western and northern European descent, in addition to North Africans, but it is relatively rare elsewhere. Those who naturally possess the shade of Auburn red hair make up just 1-2 percent of the population. Auburn hair occurs most frequently in Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway and Sweden), Britain, Ireland, continental Germanic Europe (Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg), France and northern Iberia, Poland, and Russia. This hair color is less common farther south and southeast, but can occur somewhat regularly in Southern Europe (more so in Spain, and to some extent Portugal and Italy). It can also be found in other parts of the world colonized by genetically European people, such as North America, South America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Siberia, etc.
Auburn is sometimes seen among the indigenous people of Taiwan (Formosa), but it is absent in the later Han Chinese immigrants. It is more common among the Formosan aborigines than among the white people of Northwestern European descent; however, with them it is not due to the mutated MC1R gene but to the mutated TYRP1 gene, both of which reduce melanin production.
== Geographic distribution ==
=== Modern ===
==== Northern and Western Europe ====
Redheads have very fair skin, almost always lighter than non-redheads. This is an advantage in northern latitudes and very rainy countries, where sunlight is sparse. Red hair is most commonly found at the Northern and Western fringes of [[Europe]]; it is centered on populations in the [[British Isles]]. Redheads are commonly associated with the Celtic nations.
Celts' red hair could be attributed to the cloudy weather. The experts believe that the gloomy climate in [[Scotland]] prompted a deliberate genetic adaptation. Essentially, this means that red hair helps to take advantage of sunny days and allows the body to absorb more [[vitamin]] D.
[[Ireland]] has the highest number of people with red hair per capita on the earth with the percentage of those with red hair at around 10 percent.
[[Great Britain]] also has a high percentage of people with red hair. In [[Scotland]] around 6 percent of the population has red hair; with the highest concentration of red head carriers in the world found in [[Edinburgh]], making it the ''red-head capital of the world''. In 1907, the largest ever study of hair color in Scotland, which analyzed over 500,000 people, found the percentage of Scots with red hair to be 5.3 percent. A 1956 study of hair color among [[British Army]] recruits also found high levels of red hair in [[Wales]] and in the Anglo-Scottish border counties of England.
==== Eastern and Southern Europe ====
In the country of [[Italy]], red hair is found at a frequency of less than 1 percent (0.57 percent) of the total country population, without variation in frequency across the different regions of the country. In the country of Sardinia, red hair is found at a frequency of approximately less than a quarter of 1 percent (0.24 percent) of the population. [[Victorian era]] ethnographers considered the Udmurt people of the [[Volga]] Region in Russia to be "the most red-headed men in the world". The Volga region still has one of the highest percentages of redheaded people.
Red hair is also found amongst the [[Ashkenazi]] Jewish populations. In 1903, 5.6% of Polish Jews had red hair. Other studies have found that 3.69% of Jewish women overall were found to have red hair, but around 10.9% of all Jewish men have red beards. Before the 20th century, in European culture, red hair was often seen as a stereotypically Jewish trait: during the [[Spanish Inquisition]], all those with red hair were identified as Jewish. In Italy, red hair was associated with Italian Jews, and [[Judas Iscariot]] was traditionally depicted as red-haired in Italian and Spanish art. Judas Iscariot was also described by William Shakespeare to have Red hair as well. The practice is comparable to the Renaissance portrayal of Jews with red hair, which was, at the time, regarded as a negative trait and which may have been used to correlate Judas Iscariot with contemporary Jews. The [[stereotype]] that red hair is Jewish remains in parts of Eastern Europe and Russia.
==== North Africa and Mediterranean ====
The Berber populations of [[Morocco]] and northern [[Algeria]] have occasional redheads. Red hair frequency is especially significant among the Riffian Berbers from Morocco and Kabyle people from Algeria. Their pigmentation is characteristically brunette, but definite blonds occur. Black and dark brown hair run to 85 percent of the whole, while red heads number 4 percent. There are, however, a noticeable number of Kabyles with red hair, blue eyes and light skin/fair skin, respectively. The Queen of [[Morocco]], Lalla Salma wife of king Mohammed VI, has red hair. Abd ar-Rahman I also had red hair, his mother being a Christian Berber slave.
==== Asia (all regions) ====
In Asia, genetic red hair is rare, but reddish-brown auburn hair can be found in [[Iran]], in the Levant ([[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Jordan]], [[Israel]] and [[Palestine]]), in [[Turkey]], in [[Caucasus|Caucasia]], in Northern [[Kazakhstan]], and among Uyghurs and Udmurt people. The use of [[henna]] on hair and skin for various reasons occasionally occurs in Asia. When henna is used on hair it dyes the hair to different shades of red.
==== Americas, Oceania and Sub-Saharan Africa ====

Emigration from Europe has multiplied the population of red haired humans in the [[Americas]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]] and [[South Africa]]. In the [[United States]], it is estimated that 2–6% of the population has red hair. Scottish and Irish emigration have made the [[United States]], the home of the largest population of redheads in the world at between 6 million and 18 million, with many millions more carrying the gene variants. Comparatively to the U.S. [[Ireland]] has approximately 420,000 red heads and Scotland has approximately 300,000 Red heads.
Data on red headed people per state as in the census does not register the definitive most populous red haired people per state. However based upon the states [[Kentucky]] and [[West Virginia]] having the same Scottish, Irish, and English makeup from history and settlement. It is fabled heavily to have the most gingers of all the United States in America.
Ranga is a person with red hair. It’s an abbreviation of orang-utan (a primate with reddish-brown hair native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia). The first written evidence for the term as applied to red-haired people appears in Australian newspapers in the early 2000s. The reason for the frequency of these terms is because of the small percentage of red-haired people. The Australian word ranga is a relatively recent addition to colloquial terms for red-haired people.
Bluey may refer to Red, or reddish in Australian slang, especially a man with red hair.
The nickname Bluey originated in the 1890s thru approximately 1906 according to legend and was used as a nickname throughout World War One to refer to red-haired soldiers of the Australian Imperial Force, especially from New South Wales. During the Second World War, nearly every redhead was nicknamed Bluey, and it spread to civilian life.
Four percent of the Australian population has red hair and two point five percent of the New Zealand population has red hair.
When the Maori arrived in New Zealand 800 years ago, there were very tall white-skinned, red-haired people already living there, just as the native Americans have said of the lands they moved to in the US. This appears to be a world-wide phenomenon, but there is little to no discussion of these people, who they were and where they came from. Archaeological digs were performed but the New Zealand government is holding the results until 2065, and any further finds are usually destroyed.
=== Historical ===
Several accounts by Greek writers mention redheaded people. A fragment by the poet [[Xenophanes]] describes the Thracians as blue-eyed and red-haired. The ancient peoples Budini and Sarmatians are also reported by Greek author to be blue-eyed and red-haired, and the latter even owe their names to it.
In Asia, red hair has been found among the ancient [[Tocharian|Tocharians]], who occupied the Tarim Basin in what is now the northwesternmost province of [[China]]. [[Caucasian]] Tarim mummies have been found with red hair dating to the 2nd millennium BC.
Reddish-brown (auburn) hair is also found amongst some [[Polynesia|Polynesians]], and is especially common in some tribes and family groups. In Polynesian culture reddish hair has traditionally been seen as a sign of descent from high-ranking ancestors and a mark of rulership.

==Biochemistry and the genetics of Red Hair==
The lack of diversity of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) alleles in African population suggests that the gain-of-function MC1R variants have been selected for higher eumelanin production. In contrast, dysfunctional variants, found enriched in the population with European ancestry, impair its ability in elevating cAMP levels and tyrosinase expression in melanocytes. As a result, melanocytes carrying the dysfunctional variants produce more pheomelanin, leading to lighter skin and red hair color. The enrichment of these variants is evolutionarily selected in the population living at high-latitude regions to compensate for the reduced vitamin D synthesis due to low sunlight exposure. The red hair phenotype, accompanied by fair skin and freckles in pigmentation, is associated with pheomelanin production. Red hair has far more of the pigment pheomelanin than it has of the dark pigment eumelanin.
The genetics of red hair appear to be associated with the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), which is found on chromosome 16. Eighty percent of redheads have an MC1R gene variant.
Red hair is associated with fair skin color because low concentrations of eumelanin throughout the body of those with red hair caused by a MC1R mutation can cause both. The lower melanin concentration in skin confers the advantage that a sufficient concentration of important Vitamin D can be produced under low light conditions.

UV radiation is the strongest near the equator because ozone in these areas is naturally thinner, so there is less to absorb the UV radiation. In this case when the human redhead has a lower concentration of melanin, while living or being exposed near Earth's equator, can lead to multiple disadvantages medically, with skin cancer being at an extremely high risk. Although in much more rare occasions, some humans do not come by their red hair via the MC1R gene, the MC1R variant gene that typically helps produce red hair generally results in a fairer skin that is difficult or impossible to tan. As a result of the natural tanning reaction to the sun's ultraviolet light and high amounts of pheomelanin in the skin, freckles on the pale skin are a common and an inherited characteristic of hyper-pigmentation, but not always a universal feature of red-haired people.
Culturally natural red hair typically originates from Celtic, Scottish, and Irish origins accompanied by very white skin. The red hair color can originate from several changes on the MC1R-gene. If one of these changes is present on both chromosomes then the respective individual is likely to have red hair. This type of inheritance is described as an autosomal recessive. According to a a study in 2001 by, [[Oxford University]], in almost all families MC1R alleles behave as normal recessive mutations, although there are a few rare human individuals with red hair in whom no MC1R variant can be found. Even if both parents do not have red hair themselves, both can be carriers for this MC1R-gene and have a child with red hair.

Genetic studies of dizygotic (fraternal) twins indicate that the MC1R gene is not solely responsible for the red hair phenotype; unidentified modifier genes exist, making variance in the MC1R gene necessary, but not sufficient, for red hair production.
The pigment pheomelanin gives red hair its distinctive color. Red hair has far more of the pigment pheomelanin than it has of the dark pigment eumelanin.
The [[genetics]] of red hair appear to be associated with the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), which is found on chromosome 16. Eighty percent of redheads have an MC1R gene variant. Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans.
Red hair is associated with fair skin color because low concentrations of eumelanin throughout the body of those with red hair caused by a MC1R mutation can cause both. The lower melanin concentration in skin confers the advantage that a sufficient concentration of important Vitamin D can be produced under low light conditions. Additionally red hair doesn’t gray in color as much as other hair colors. As the human gets older, their red hair initially tends to turn blond and then white.
=== Genetics ===
[[File:Redhead close up.jpg|thumb| A close-up view of red hair]]
The alleles Arg151Cys, Arg160Trp, Asp294His, and Arg142His on MC1R are shown to be recessive genes for the red hair phenotype.
The gene ''HCL2'' (also called ''RHC'' or ''RHA'') on chromosome 4 may also be related to red hair. There are 8 genetic differences associated with red hair color.
Red hair is caused by a relatively rare recessive allele (variant of a gene), the expression of which can skip generations.
Red hair is the rarest natural hair color in humans. The non-tanning skin associated with red hair may have been advantageous in far-northern climates where sunlight is scarce.

== Medical implications of the red hair gene ==
=== Melanoma ===
[[Melanin]] in the skin aids UV tolerance through sun tanning, but fair-skinned people lack the levels of melanin needed to prevent indirect UV-induced DNA-damage. Studies have shown that red hair alleles in MC1R increase freckling and decrease tanning ability. It has been found that Europeans who are [[heterozygous]] for red hair exhibit increased sensitivity to UV radiation.
Red hair and its relationship to UV sensitivity are of interest to many [[melanoma]] researchers. Sunshine can both be good and bad for a person's health and the different alleles on MC1R represent these adaptations. It also has been shown that individuals with pale skin are highly susceptible to a variety of skin cancers such as [[melanoma]], basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
=== Pain tolerance and injury ===
People with red hair have different sensitivity to pain compared to people with other hair colors. One study found that people with red hair are more sensitive to thermal pain (associated with naturally occurring low vitamin K levels, while another study concluded that redheads are less sensitive to pain from multiple modalities, including noxious stimuli such as electrically induced pain.
Researchers have found that people with red hair require greater amounts of anesthetic. Other research publications have concluded that women with naturally red hair require less of the painkiller pentazocine than do either women of other hair colors or men of any hair color. A study showed women with red hair had a greater analgesic response to that particular pain medication than men. A follow-up study by the same group showed that men and women with red hair had a greater analgesic response to morphine-6-glucuronide.
The unexpected relationship of hair color to pain tolerance appears to exist because redheads have a mutation in a hormone receptor that can apparently respond to at least two types of hormones: the pigmentation-driving melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), and the pain-relieving endorphins. (Both derive from the same precursor molecule, POMC, and are structurally similar.) Specifically, redheads have a mutated melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene that produces an altered receptor for MSH. Melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment in skin and hair, use the MC1R to recognize and respond to MSH from the anterior [[pituitary gland]]. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone normally stimulates melanocytes to make black eumelanin, but if the melanocytes have a mutated receptor, they will make reddish pheomelanin instead. MC1R also occurs in the brain, where it is one of a large set of POMC-related receptors that are apparently involved not only in responding to MSH, but also in responses to endorphins and possibly other POMC-derived hormones. Though the details are not clearly understood, it appears that there is some crosstalk between the POMC hormones; this may explain the link between red hair and pain tolerance.
There is little or no evidence to support the belief that people with red hair have a higher chance than people with other hair colors to hemorrhage or suffer other bleeding complications. One study, however, reports a link between red hair and a higher rate of bruising. Redheaded women report bruising more easily than other women of different hair colors.
== Red hair of pathological origin ==
Most red hair is caused by the MC1R gene and is non-pathological. However, in rare cases red hair can be associated with disease or genetic disorder:
* In cases of severe malnutrition, normally dark human hair may turn red or blonde. The condition, part of a syndrome known as kwashiorkor, is a sign of critical starvation caused chiefly by [[protein]] deficiency, and is common during periods of [[famine]].
* One variety of [[albinism]] (Type 3, a.k.a. rufous albinism), sometimes seen in Africans and inhabitants of [[New Guinea]], results in red hair and red-colored skin.
* Red hair is found on people lacking Proopiomelanocortin (POMC). POMC deficiency causes severe obesity that begins at an early age. In addition to obesity, people with this condition have low levels of a hormone known as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and tend to have red hair and pale skin.
== Culture ==
[[File:Ariel by jirkavinse.jpg|thumb| The cultural icon Ariel, a teenage mermaid with red hair, seen in this modern 21st century new art by Jirka Vinse Jonathan Väätäinen]]
Throughout history, redheads have been feared and revered, loathed and adored, degraded and exalted. No other single human trait has provoked such a dichotomy of emotions in such a large number of fellow humans.
Scots, with their high percentage of red haired people, are descended from the Celts, notoriously violent warriors. It is this perception that spawned many strange and fantastical beliefs and ideas about red hair.
The myths do seem to permeate all cultures.
Russian tradition declares that red hair is both a sign of a fiery temper and craziness, and a proverb warns, "There was never a saint with red hair. Indeed, red hair figures in the bible, The word Adam is supposedly the Hebrew word for 'red' or 'ruddy', and Judas- is often portrayed with red hair as is Mary Magdalene. King David is thought to have been a redhead, and some even believe the 'mark of cain' to actually be red hair.
=== Beliefs about temperament ===
A common belief about redheads is that they have fiery tempers and sharp tongues. In ''[[Anne of Green Gables]]'', a character says of Anne Shirley, the redheaded heroine, that "her temper matches her hair", while in ''[[The Catcher in the Rye]]'', Holden Caulfield remarks that "People with red hair are supposed to get mad very easily, but Allie [his dead brother] never did, and he had very red hair."

According to Hamburg sex researcher Dr. Werner Habermehl, women with red hair have more sex than blondes or brunette women or women with other hair colors. He also postulates that women in a relationship who dye their hair red may be signaling that they are unhappy and looking for something better. During the early stages of modern medicine, red hair was thought to be a sign of a sanguine temperament. In the Indian medicinal practice of Ayurveda, redheads are seen as most likely to have a Pitta temperament.
Another belief is that redheads are highly sexed; for example, [[Jonathan Swift]] satirizes redhead stereotypes in part four of ''[[Gulliver's Travels]]'', "A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms," when he writes that: "It is observed that the red-haired of both sexes are more libidinous and mischievous than the rest, whom yet they much exceed in strength and activity." Swift goes on to write that "neither was the hair of this brute [a Yahoo] of a red color (which might have been some excuse for an appetite a little irregular) but black as a sloe". Such beliefs were given a veneer of scientific credibility in the 19th century by Cesare Lombroso and Guglielmo Ferrero. They concluded that red hair was associated with crimes of lust, and claimed that forty eight percent of "criminal women" were redheads.
=== Media, fashion and art ===
[[File:Lena Katina.jpg|right|thumb|Russian singer [[Lena Katina]] is known globally as a model as well. One of her beauty trademarks is her long red hair.]]
[[Queen Elizabeth I]] of England was a redhead, and during the Elizabethan era in England, red hair was fashionable for women. In modern times, red hair is subject to fashion trends; celebrities such as Nicole Kidman, Alyson Hannigan, Karen Gillian, Christina Hendricks, Emma Stone, Molly Ringwald, Ellie Kemper, Lauren Ambrose and [[Lena Katina]] can boost sales of red hair dye.
Sometimes, red hair darkens as people get older, becoming a more brownish color or losing some of its vividness. This leads some to associate red hair with youthfulness, a quality that is generally considered desirable. In several countries such as [[India]], [[Iran]], [[Bangladesh]] and [[Pakistan]], [[henna]] and [[saffron]] are used on hair to give it a bright red appearance.
Many painters have exhibited a fascination with red hair. The hair color "Titian" takes its name from the artist [[Titian]], who often painted women with red hair. Early Renaissance artist [[Sandro Botticelli]]'s famous painting ''The Birth of Venus” depicts the mythological goddess [[Venus (god)|Venus]] as a redhead. Other painters notable for their redheads include the [[Pre-Raphaelites]], Edmund Leighton, [[Amedeo Modigliani]], and [[Gustav Klimt]].
[[Sir Arthur Conan Doyle]]'s [[Sherlock Holmes]] story "The Red-Headed League" (1891) involves a man who is asked to become a member of a mysterious group of red-headed people. The 1943 film ''DuBarry Was a Lady'' featured red-heads [[Lucille Ball]] and [[Red Skelton]] in [[Technicolor]].

Red hair is a handy way to make characters stand out. Many Disney heroes and heroines begin their stories feeling like they don’t fit in, until they discover their true selves. Red heads in films or on TV are often portrayed as villains or with negative traits like fiery, unpredictable tempers, but not in [[Disney]] films or TV. Disney’s love affair with ginger is evident.
Notable fictional characters with red hair includes: Ariel, Jessica Rabbit, Leeloo, [[Gates McFadden|Beverly Crusher]], Angela Chase, Amy Pond, Pippi Longstocking, Daphne Blake, Dana Scully, Mary Jane Watson, Ginny Weasley, Gaila, Merida, Peter Pan, Jessie, Hercules, Eliza Thornberry, Tintin, Red Sonja, [[Erin O'Byrne]], Mystique, Anna of Arendelle, Scarlett (Shana M. O'Hara), Claire Fisher, Claire Standish, Kimmy Schmidt, and Poison Ivy (character).

=== Prejudice and discrimination against redheads ===

==== Medieval beliefs ====
Red hair was thought to be a mark of a beastly sexual desire and moral degeneration. A savage red-haired man is portrayed in the fable by Grimm brothers "Iron John" (AKA "Iron Hans" or "Der Eisenhans") as the spirit of the forest of iron. Theophilus Presbyter describes how the blood of a red-haired young man is necessary to create [[gold]] from [[copper]], in a mixture with the ashes of a basilisk.
Montague Summers, in his translation of the [[Malleus Maleficarum]], notes that red hair and green eyes were thought to be the sign of a [[witch]], a [[werewolf]] or a [[vampire]] during the Middle Ages;
quote|Those whose hair is red, of a certain peculiar shade, are unmistakably vampires. It is significant that in ancient Egypt, as Manetho tells us, human sacrifices were offered at the grave of Osiris, and the victims were red-haired men who were burned, their ashes being scattered far and wide by winnowing-fans. It is held by some authorities that this was done to fertilize the fields and produce a bounteous harvest, red-hair symbolizing the golden wealth of the corn. But these men were called Typhonians, and were representatives not of Osiris but of his evil rival Typhon, whose hair was red.
==== Medieval antisemitism ====
During the [[Spanish Inquisition]], people of red hair were identified as Jewish and isolated for persecution. In Medieval Italy and Spain, red hair was associated with the heretical nature of Jews and their rejection of [[Jesus]], and thus [[Judas Iscariot]] was commonly depicted as red-haired in Italian and Spanish art. Writers from Shakespeare to Dickens would identify Jewish characters by giving them red hair, with red-hair being given by the authors to villainous Jewish characters such as Shylock and Fagin. The antisemitic association persisted into modern times in Soviet Russia. The medieval prejudice against red-hair may have derived from the Ancient biblical tradition, in relation to biblical figures such as [[Esau]] and [[King David]]. The Ancient historian [[Josephus]] would mistranslate the Hebrew Torah to describe the more positive figure of [[King David]] as 'golden haired', in contrast to the negative figure of [[Esau]], even though the original Hebrew Torah implies that both King David and Esau had 'fiery red hair'.
==== Modern-day discrimination ====
In his 1885 book ''I Say No'', Wilkie Collins wrote "The prejudice against habitual silence, among the lower order of the people, is almost as inveterate as the prejudice against red hair."
In his 1895 memoir and history ''The Gurneys of Earlham'', Augustus John Cuthbert Hare described an incident of harassment:
"The second son, John, was born in 1750. As a boy he had bright red hair, and it is amusingly recorded that one day in the streets of Norwich a number of boys followed him, pointing to his red locks and saying, "Look at that boy; he's got a bonfire on the top of his head," and that John Gurney was so disgusted that he went to a barber's, had his head shaved, and went home in a wig. He grew up, however, a remarkably attractive-looking young man."
In [[British English]], the word "ginger" is sometimes used to describe red-headed people (at times in an insulting manner), with terms such as "gingerphobia" and "gingerism" used by the British media. In Britain, redheads are also sometimes referred to disparagingly as "carrot tops" and "carrot heads". (The comedian "Carrot Top" uses this stage name.) "Gingerism" has been compared to [[racism]], although this is widely disputed, and bodies such as the UK Commission for Racial Equality do not monitor cases of discrimination and [[hate crime]]s against redheads.
Nonetheless, individuals and families in Britain are targeted for harassment and violence because of their hair color. In 2003, a 20-year-old was stabbed in the back for "being ginger". In 2007, a UK woman won an award from a tribunal after being sexually harassed and receiving abuse because of her red hair; in the same year, a family in Newcastle upon Tyne, was forced to move twice after being targeted for abuse and hate crime on account of their red hair. In May 2009, a schoolboy committed suicide after being bullied for having red hair. In 2013, a fourteen-year-old boy in Lincoln, England had his right arm broken and his head stamped on by three men who attacked him "just because he had red hair". The three men were subsequently jailed for a combined total of ten years and one month for the attack. A possible fringe theory explaining the historical and modern mistreatment of red-heads supposedly stems from Roman subjugation and consequent persecution of [[Celtic]] Nations when arriving in the [[British Isles]].
This prejudice has been satirized on a number of TV shows. English comedian Catherine Tate (herself a redhead) appeared as a red-haired character in a running sketch of her series ''The Catherine Tate Show''. The sketch saw fictional character Sandra Kemp, who was forced to seek solace in a refuge for ginger people because she had been ostracized from society. The British comedy ''Bo' Selecta!'' (starring redhead Leigh Francis) featured a spoof documentary which involved a caricature of Mick Hucknall presenting a show in which celebrities (played by themselves) dyed their hair red for a day and went about daily life being insulted by people.
(Hucknall, who says that he has repeatedly faced prejudice or been described as ugly on account of his hair color, argues that Gingerism should be described as a form of racism. Comedian Tim Minchin, himself a redhead, also covered the topic in his song "Prejudice".
The pejorative use of the word "ginger" and related discrimination was used to illustrate a point about racism and prejudice in the "Ginger Kids", "Le Petit Tourette", "It's a Jersey Thing" and "Fatbeard" episodes of ''[[South Park]]''.
Film and television programs often portray school [[bullying]] as having red hair. However, children with red hair are often themselves targeted by bullies; "Somebody with ginger hair will stand out from the crowd," says anti-bullying expert Louise Burfitt-Dons.
In November 2008 social networking website [[Facebook]] received criticism after a 'Kick a Ginger' group, which aimed to establish a "National Kick a Ginger Day" on 20 November, acquired almost 5,000 members. A 14-year-old boy from Vancouver who ran the Facebook group was subjected to an investigation by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police for possible hate crimes.
In December 2009 British supermarket chain Tesco withdrew a Christmas card which had the image of a child with red hair sitting on the lap of [[Father Christmas]], and the words: "''Santa loves all kids. Even ginger ones''" after customers complained the card was offensive.

In October 2010, Harriet Harman, the former Equality Minister in the British government under Labour, faced accusations of prejudice after she described the red-haired Treasury secretary Danny Alexander as a "ginger rodent". Alexander responded to the insult by stating that he was "proud to be ginger". Harman was subsequently forced to apologize for the comment, after facing criticism for prejudice against a minority group.
In September 2011, Cryos International, one of the world's largest sperm banks, announced that it would no longer accept donations from red-haired men due to low demand from women seeking artificial insemination
=== Red hair festivals ===
There has been an annual Redhead Day festival in the Netherlands that attracts red-haired participants from around the world. The festival was held in Breda, a city in the south east of the Netherlands, prior to 2019, when it moved to Tilsburg. It attracts participants from over 80 different countries. The international event began in 2005, when Dutch painter Bart Rouwenhorst decided he wanted to paint 15 redheads. Today, the festival includes a number of activities.
The Irish Redhead Convention, held in late August in County Cork since 2011, claims to be a global celebration and attracts people from several continents. The celebrations include crowning the ginger King and Queen, competitions for the best red eyebrows and most freckles per square inch, orchestral concerts and carrot throwing competitions.
A smaller red-hair day festival is held since 2013 by the UK's anti bullying alliance in London, with the aim of instilling pride in having red-hair.
Since 2014, a red-hair event is held in Israel, at Kibbutz Gezer (Carrot), held for the local Israeli red hair community, including both Ashkenazi and Mizrahi red-heads. However, the number of attendees has to be restricted due to the risk of rocket attacks, leading to anger in the red-hair community. The organizers state; "The event is a good thing for many redheads, who had been embarrassed about being redheads before."
The first and only festival for red heads in the United States is called “Redhead Days Chicago” and was launched in 2015. Held in Highwood, [[Illinois]], Redhead Days draws participants from across the United States. The festival that takes place in Chicago is similar to the original festival that is held in Breda, Netherlands.
A festival to celebrate the red-haired people is held annually in Izhevsk (Russia), the capital of Udmurtia, since 2004.
MC1R Magazine is a publication for red-haired people worldwide, based in Hamburg, Germany

=== Religious and mythological traditions ===
[[File:Mariya Magdalena.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Mary Magdalene]] is commonly portrayed with long red hair, as in Mary Magdalene (Sandys) this 1859 painting by Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys]]
In ancient Egypt red hair was associated with the deity Set and [[Ramesses II]] had it.
In the ''[[Iliad]]'', [[Achilles]]' hair is described as usually translated as blonde, or golden but sometimes as red or tawny. His son Neoptolemus also bears the name Pyrrhus, a possible reference to his own red hair.
The Norse god [[Thor]] is usually described as having red hair.
The Hebrew word usually translated "ruddy" or "reddish-brown" was used to describe both [[Esau]] and [[David]].
Early artistic representations of [[Mary Magdalene]] usually depict her as having long flowing red hair, although a description of her hair color was never mentioned in the Bible, and it is possible the color is an effect caused by pigment degradation in the ancient paint.
[[Judas Iscariot]] is also represented with red hair in Spanish culture and in the works of William Shakespeare, reinforcing the negative stereotype.
Some Christians, especially in Spanish speaking countries, regard redheads as the devil in the flesh.
Christianity and popular perception has a big part to play in this and where the beginnings of the idea came from.

In particular, Michelangelo’s ‘Temptation and Expulsion of Adam and Eve’ initially portrays Eve as a level-headed brunette before she lures Adam down the road of temptation and damnation, and is then later miraculously depicted as a redhead, seductive and suspicious.
Judas Iscariot, famously known for his betrayal of Christ, very much fuels the fire of redheads being deceitful, too. In nearly all depictions of him, his hair color is noted and commented on as red.
This link between red hair and deceit can also be traced back to the tales of the headstrong and disobedient Lilith, who quarreled with Adam and seduced men in their sleep. She is regularly portrayed as a bewitching redhead, having mythical and seductive powers to match.

==External links==
*[http://www.eupedia.com/genetics/origins_of_red_hair.shtml Eupedia: Genetics: The genetic causes, ethnic origins and history of red hair]
*[https://www.abroadintheyard.com/red-hair-genes-directly-inherited-from-first-redheads/ abroadintheyard.com]
*[https://www.thelist.com/129859/the-truth-about-redheads/ thelist.com]
*[https://gingerparrot.co.uk/why-can-some-redheads-tan-while-others-cant/ gingerparrot.co.uk]
*[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/melanocortin-1-receptor sciencedirect.com]
*[https://www.thelist.com/129859/the-truth-about-redheads/ redhead the list]
*[http://jirkavinse.com/img/disney/arielgif.gif Ariel artwork in culture]
*[http://jirkavinse.com/ Jirka Vinse website]
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/history/comments/4fr27e/new_zealands_redhaired_gaints/ reddit.com]
*[https://owlcation.com/humanities/Redheads-Myths--Legends--and-Famous-Red-Hair owlcation.com]
*[https://gingerparrot.co.uk/the-many-redheads-of-disney/ Ginger Parrot - The many redheads of Disney]
*[https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/proopiomelanocortin-deficiency condition in red hair]
*[https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/10/21/2397/2901534 Oxford University- Functional variation of MC1R alleles from red-haired individuals]
==See also==
*[[skin color]]
*[[Hair]]
[[Category:Biology]]
[[Category:Anatomy]]
[[Category:Human Traits]]

Lena Katina

2020-12-08T22:53:42Z

Technotronical: added 3 new pictures with info boxes and 2016 song title in Russian language.

{{Infobox person
|name=Lena Katina
(Russian singer, songwriter, model and film actress 
Best known for her ''t.A.T.u.'' music group and solo singing career)
|image=Lena Katina.jpg
|birth_place=Moscow, Russia
|birth_date=October 4, 1984
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=(1) Sasho Kuzmanovich (married 2013-2019, divorced)
}}
'''Elena Sergeevna Katina''', born October 4, 1984, more commonly known as '''Lena Katina''', is a Russian singer, songwriter, actress, and model with a trademark of long [[Red Hair|red hair]]. Katina is best known for her work with the pop-music Russian duo [[t.A.T.u.]]. Katina started her career at the age of eight, joining the Russian children's act Avenue, then not long after in 1991, she joined the children's music group that formed in Moscow, Russia called "Neposedi". The title "Neposedi" refers to fidgety children, who are unable to sit quietly in one place. Lena Katina and Julia Volkova were the most successful of the group. In 1999 producer Ivan Shapovalov chose Lena Katina for his project, a music group called "t.A.T.u.", as well as Julia Volkova. The duo would later become Russia's most successful pop music act. The group "t.A.T.u." produced several hits including their first single "All The Things She Said" which peaked at number one in 19 countries including the [[UK]], [[Russia]] and [[Australia]].

In 2009 Katina began a solo career, which caused t.A.T.u. to go into a hiatus. In 2011 Katina and Volkova officially split to pursue solo careers. That year Katina released her first mainstream single "Never Forget", which in 2011 reached No. 1 on the [[MTV]] [[Russia]] Top 10 and also won the MTV Russia – 2011 Video of the Year. The track also reached No. 1 on the US ''Billboard (magazine)'' Hot Dance Club Play and reached No. 1 in Greece.

In 2014, Katina released her debut album, ''This Is Who I Am'' followed by her second album, the first in Russian language, ''Mono'', in 2019.

While pursuing her musical career, Lena successfully completed her university studies at the Moscow Social Humanitarian University where she majored in Psychology and holds a degree.

==Early years==
[[File:Flag of Russia.png|left|75px]]
Lena, the youngest of three, was born in Moscow on 4 October 1984 to the musician, Sergey Katin – who collaborated with "Dyuna", Marina Khlebnikova and other representatives of Russian show-business. Starting at just 4 years old, on her father's initiative, Katina began to attend various sport and music clubs for the purpose of fostering plastic arts and artistic talents. When she was seven Katina entered an ordinary school and within a year she entered music school for piano classes. When she was ten she joined the child-group "Avenue" as a soloist, where she would sing for the next 3 years. When she was 13 she became a member of vocal and instrumental group "Neposedi" (Fidgeters) where she met Yulia Volkova with whom she became friends. At the casting, she sang a song in French and the jury were astonished by the quality of her voice. Soon Lena left the group due to her age – children sing in "Neposedi" up to 14 years old. At the age of 14 she was successfully cast as a member of the pop duo "t.A.T.u.".

==Music career==

===1999–2006: t.A.T.u.===
[[File:Lena Katina and Julia Volkiva.jpg|right|thumb|A very young Lena Katina and Julia Volkiva in thier first photoshoot. The two were portrayed as a taboo school girl couple called T.A.T.U.]]
Creator and then-manager of [[t.A.T.u.]], Ivan Shapovalov stated that the idea of [[t.A.T.u.]] stemmed from the common fascination and fantasy of school-girl lesbian lovers among men, knowing that the duo would be highly appealing to a diverse fan-base.

Katina, further elaborated that producer Shapovalov was inspired to create the duo after the release of the Swedish film "Show Me Love" which focused on the romance between two school girls. Upon completing the duo, the producers decided on the name "Тату" (Tatu). Sounding like the English word "tattoo", it is also a shortened version of the Russian phrase "Та любит ту" (ta lyubit tu), which has a meaning "This [[girl]] loves that girl". For the release of their first English-language album, they decided to go by t.A.T.u., using uppercase letters and periods to differentiate themselves from an already existing Australian band, Tatu, who released only one single called 'Imperfect girl' and have no affiliation with the Russian band t.A.T.u.

Shapovalov and business partner Alexander Voitinskiy organized auditions in [[Moscow]] in early 1999 for teenage female vocalists. After auditioning 400 girls, then by the end of auditioning, the partners narrowed their search down to ten girls. The producers decided to start with 14-year-old Katina, who sang "It Must Have Been Love" by Roxette. Shapovalov selected Katina for [[t.A.T.u.]] at the age of 14. With the project still in development, Katina had the opportunity to record demos (credited as t.A.T.u.), like "Belochka" and "Yugoslavia". The then 14-year-old raven-headed Julia Volkova was added to the project some time afterward.

Feeling satisfied with his choices, Shapovalov signed Volkova and Katina to [[t.A.T.u.]], but the contract with Shapovalov also demanded that the girls present a lesbian image, a big cultural taboo still for most of the world in 1999-2000. The first single was completed in autumn 2000, entitled "Ya Soshla S Uma" (later released in English as "All the Things She Said") in December 2000. In 2001, the duo rose to popularity in Russia, and later in the world.

Volkova and Katina had hearts aflutter over their apparent school-girl with another school-girl romantic relationship, the trials of which are detailed in their debut single, “All The Things She Said.” The accompanying video clip of the video updates [[Britney Spears]]’ “Hit Me Baby (One More Time),” except no so innocently as a school girl. Complete with schoolgirl outfits for t.A.T.u.’s principles “All The Things” music video depicts the duo as pariahs, separated from “society” by an iron fence. As the rain pours down on their, lacy white tops, Volkova and Katina make out in full view of the umbrella’d paragons who launch awkward eyes from beyond the fence.

t.A.T.u. is only one example of the disruptively amok behavior that stormed the walls of the Conservative Castle in 2003 America. According to a January 2003 "Glorious Noisse" article written by Johnny Loftus "It wasn’t surprising that New York’s Electroclash movement (mainly referring to t.A.T.u) didn’t take the turnpike to the heart of America. With Katina and Volkova portraying, but faking an underage girl-with-girl romance as a marketing headline that accompanied thier music, the "electroclash" movement was basically a revival of the dance-punk style of the new wave music.

t.A.T.u. soon became the most successful Russian group of all time, leaving a number of hits behind them, such as "All the Things She Said", the single was a top-20 hit in 16 countries (including the U.S. market) and number one in Australia, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Holland and the UK. Other early hits included "Not Gonna Get Us" and "All About Us". t.A.T.u also took part in Eurovision Song Contest 2003 and finished third with "Ne Ver', Ne Boysia".

Instructed to kiss each other on stage, then do short simulated inappropriate gesture acts in front of concert crowds on national russian TV, Katina and Volkova were also then wearing anti-war T-Shirts that in Russia was very unusual. Russia, a country of anti-homosexual rules, catholocism, christianity and morals as standards. After breaking away from Shapovalov in 2004, the girls Katina and Volkova came clean and stated that Shapovalov had created the lesbian image, and that they were even told what to say in interviews. Moreover according to Artemy Troitsky, a veteran Russian music journalist and DJ "The girls of t.A.T.u. are not just the manufactured mouthpiece for Ivan Shapovalov's cunning marketing tricks. The girls are 100 percent manipulated by Ivan Shapovalov." Troitsky was on talkshows with t.A.T.u. and behind the stage they turn to Ivan whenever they are asked non-elementary questions. He always tell them what to say, what to do, how to behave and so on.

During this time their home country adopted Russian law "against gay propaganda among minors." Technically, a lot of t.A.T.u. material is in violation of the law. Troitsky went on to elaborate more on the fake image of t.A.T.u. by saying "In Russia, this whole lesbian thing has never been taken seriously. When they've [Volkova and Katina] been interviewed on talkshows and asked, 'Are you really lesbians?' they've said, 'No, it's a trick, we have boyfriends, we are normal girls, we just do this for image'.

Katina stated, "He [Ivan Shapovalov] made us out to be lesbians (in public) when we were just singing for lesbians. We wanted people to understand them and not judge them. That they are as free as anyone else. "In one of the final episodes, Volkova mentioned returning to the United States in spring of 2004 to record with new producers. However, she became pregnant soon thereafter, and recording was delayed.

The group released their second English album on October 5, 2005 titled "Dangerous and Moving". The second single was "Friend or Foe". On March 25, 2006, t.A.T.u. received the award for Best Group at the first edition of the TRL Awards. The MTV Awards (known as TRL Awards from 2006 to 2012). Total Request Live or TRL (Italian TV program), of the same name that originated in 1999 from the MTV American television program.

Showing signs though after this and into the mid-2000s, however, the t.A.T.u. duo's career began to fade.

On November 21, 2006, the region of the Komi Republic in Russia filed a lawsuit against t.A.T.u. over the album and song "Lyudi Invalidy" due to the title translating to "disabled people".

==2007–2010: Vesyolye Ulybki and Waste Management==
On 17 May 2007, t.A.T.u. issued a statement directed to their gay fans: "When t.A.T.u.'s second album came out, many of our fans of alternative gender orientation thought that we lied and betrayed them. This is not true! We’ve never done that and we’ve always advocated love without boundaries." On 26 May, t.A.T.u. flew out to Moscow to take part in the Moscow Gay Pride demonstration.

In 2007, Katina, along with her bandmate, Yulia Volkova, starred in a film ''You and I'', with Mischa Barton playing the lead role. The film was directed by Roland Joffe and was presented at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in 2008. The film was released in 2011 and 2012 in limited release theatres in L.A. and othrer countries and video.

The group's second single for the album, "White Robe", was released by Coqueiro Verde Records online and premiered on t.A.T.u's YouTube account. t.A.T.u's official website announced that the video was up for voting on MTV Brazil on November 10, 2009. On December 3, the "White Robe" video reached the number one position on MTV Brazil. The White Robe Uncensored Music video had required Lena Katina to be seen lying fully undressed on a bed with breast(s) exposed. Katina said later "it was not an easy step to un-dress", while just showing her from the side.

t.A.T.u.'s full third album "Waste Management", third and final English language (sixth overall) studio album by the Russian recording group t.A.T.u. released in Russia on December 15, 2009, by their own independent record label T.A. Music.

Katina has recorded in several different locations such as Los Angeles, [[New York City]] and her hometown Moscow. She was known to be mostly recording in Los Angeles. It was confirmed by the official t.A.T.u. website that Katina was to undertake a solo career under the guidance and management of the T.A.T.u.#T.A. Music label. She started working with t.A.T.u. band-members in mid-2009 and was expected to release an album in 2011. In March 2011, t.A.T.u. officially disbanded. The group celebrated their 12 years together, and released two remix albums entitled ''Waste Management Remixes pt. 1'' and ''Waste Management Remixes pt. 2''.

==2010–2016: Solo career, ''This Is Who I Am'' and ''Esta Soy Yo''==
Katina talked to MySpace in an interview about her first solo album "This Is Who I Am."

Katina said it took her five years to finish the album, and "it’s just everything — every thought in my soul, in my head, in my heart, different situations in life, that’s how my songs were created, under bad things happening, and good things happening, in life." Katina went on to say "I was really depressed because t.A.T.u. was all I knew. I knew how to be in a band. I didn’t know how to be a solo artist. I was super scared. I felt like the ground was going out from under my feet. I was losing it, to be honest. I was so depressed. When I got the offer to do a solo project, it saved me."

Katina hosted a fan event at The Trail in Los Angeles on 29 May 2010 and gave her first solo performance on 30 May 2010 at the The Troubadour in [[Los Angeles]] [[California]]. Katina was the opening act of PrideFest in [[Milwaukee]] on 12 June 2010. On the day of her performance at PrideFest (Milwaukee), Katina released a free download of a song from her upcoming album called "Lost in this Dance". On September 17, 2010, Katina performed at the San Francisco club 1015 Folsom. On 3 February, Katina was scheduled to give her first performance of 2011 at the XLV Party in [[Dallas]], Texas' Cotton Bowl (stadium), with The Village People. The concert, however, was canceled on January 31st when only 13 tickets for the show had sold. This is likesly because it's in Texas, the Bible belt of the united States and the organizers branded it as a gay themed super bowl concert at the cotton bowl. In 2011, the film featuring her acting debut, ''You and I'', was released in Russia.

The [[Canadian]] metalcore band from [[Toronto]] called "Abandon All Ships" played at the 2010 Bluesfest in [[Ottawa]], performing new songs "Geeving", "Guardian Angel" (which features Lena Katina from the Russian band t.A.T.u.), on their 2010 debut album ''[[Geeving]]'', which was released in October of that year.
Katina released "Lost in This Dance", a (Pridefest Mix) single also in 2010 as self-released. The song would later appear as an official album release from her debut album "This Is Who I Am" as the final song on the disc in November 2014.

On June 17, 2011 Katina's single "Never Forget" premiered on the Mexican radio station FMTU 103-7 in Monterrey, Mexico. On August 1, 2011, the singer revealed the trailer for the music video. On August 2nd the official video was leaked on American columnist Perez Hilton's blog.

On August 5, 2011, Katina officially released a music video, uncensored, with brief frontal exposure, of a body double playing the dead Julia Volkova at the coroner in her music video for "Never Forget". This was the first video from the solo career of Lena Katina. The video message is about the end of duo tATu (TATY) by Lena Katina. The theme shows her loving friendship to her friend and ex-partner in music, Yulia (Julia) Volkova. It's a new step without Julia and t.A.T.u. conception. This video continued from video of the song Snowfalls / Snegopady by group tATu.

Katina and her band appeared on Rawsession, where she performed original acoustic versions of Owl City's "Deer in the Headlights", Alexandra Stan's "Mr. Saxobeat", and her own "Never Forget". Eight months later, the songs were released in the EP "RAWsession 07-14-11". Katina also collaborated with Mexican synthpop band Belanova and filmed a video for the song they recorded together titled "Tic Toc".

On September 19, 2011, Katina released a new song, "Waiting", while being interviewed by Echo of Moscow, the 24/7 commercial Russian radio station. Shortly thereafter on December 9, 2011, Katina released a new song, "Keep On Breathing" via Kroogi, which was used as a fund-raising song for helping Japanese children who had been suffering from the earthquake and tsunami.

Katina's single "Never Forget" reached number one in MTV's "Russian Top 10 – Year in review" chart and also won the said station - 2011 Video of The Year. The song failed to enter the top 100 airplay charts in Russia, peaking at number 244.

Katina has released several songs including "Waiting", and "Lost in This Dance", and has performed several songs live such as "World", "Just A Day", "The Beast (So Not Cool)", and "Fed Up (IRS)" in both English and Russian. The song "Keep On Breathing" was released to support Japanese children victims of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

September 30, 2012, Katina collaborated with rapper T-Killah, the song titled "SHOT", was released on Love Radio. In April 2013, the Russian version "Ya Budu Ryadom" was released.

In December 2012, Katina parted ways with Boris Renski and his team, moving to [[Los Angeles]] [[California]] to work on a limited edition triple CD for release in early 2013 and a Spanish language EP. The project never materialized, but Katina released her second solo single titled "Lift Me Up."

Notably in 2014, Katina made a series of performances with her former bandmate Julia Volkova as t.A.t.u which ended with a TV performance for the Olympic Games in Russia. However, shortly after this performance Katina accused Volkova of blackmailing her, putting an end to t.A.T.u as a band for ever. Volkova denied the accusations. The single "Lyubov v Kazhdom Mgnovenii" -"Love in every moment"- was released as a collaboration of the two singers together, but was not listed as a t.A.t.u song. Julia Volkova, a mother of two children, a daughter named Vika, born in 2004, and a son named Samir, born two days after Christmas in 2007, in Moscow had been confronted at the time on TV about homosexuality and if her son would turn out to be gay, hypothetically speaking. Volkova had previously said she would condemn a gay son... that she would refuse to accept a gay son in her family during an appearance on a Russian TV talk show. Volkova went on to say “Yes, I would condemn him, because I believe that a real man must be a real man.” She continued: “God created man for procreation, it is the nature. The man for me is the support, the strength of… I won’t accept a gay son.”
It is a topic Katina has responded to stating quote "God is teaching us to live in love, to be tolerant and not to judge other people! And I do so!" This topic is not why Katina accused Volkova of blackmailing her, however it suggests the fued was a private matter and 2014 was the last public appearances of the two together in any form of t.A.T.u. as a duo. In September 2014, her former bandmate Julia Volkova appeared as a contestant on a Ukrainian game show called "Lie Detector" stating more comments about her views on anti-homosexuality. The feud apparently continued until 2014, between Lena and Julia, but started when Julia expressed her opinion on Lena's solo career back in 2010, "She [Lena] has the right to do it sing t.A.T.u. songs, but it's so stupid, absolutely stupid. If you do a solo career, it means that you do your own work."

Katina released her first live album titled "European Fan Weekend 2013 Live", recorded on 6 October 2013 in Cologne and released on March 17, 2014. The album features performances of many hit t.A.T.u. songs and her solo songs.

On September 2, 2014, Katina announced via Facebook that her debut studio album, ''This Is Who I Am'', would be released on November 18, 2014, preceded by her single "Who I Am" on October 7th and "Fed Up" as a countdown single on September 15th.
Lena Katina's first debut album "This Is Who I Am" did officially get released on November 18, 2014. the album included the aforementioned single songs and the notable song "Just a Day".

Katina's song titled 'An Invitation' was released as a single on March 12, 2015.

Showing her versatility in bi-lingual singing, Katina released her Spanish album, "Esta Soy Yo" in July 2016, to show appreciation for her fans from Latin-based countries.

==2017–2019: ''Mono,'' ''All Together Now!,''==
[[File:Lena Katina Braids, 2018.jpg|right|thumb|Lena Katina in 2018, the ex-soloist of the t.A.T.u duo continued to go solo as she presented a new Russian-language song titled "Косы" as the release of a new single. This is translated to "Braids" in the english-language.]]
In October 2017, Katina released her new English-language single "Silent Hills". Later in December, she released her song "Here I Go Again", a collaboration with Daddy Mercury.

On 3 March 2018, Katina released the Russian-language ballad song "After Us", as a nostalgic dedication to her past memories of being in t.A.T.u. with her former bandmate Julia Volkova. She released three more Russian-language singles later that year, "Braids", "You Smoke" and "Macdonalds".

In 2019, she released her Russian single "Стартрек" ("Star Trek") on 12 April and "Моно" ("Mono") on 9 June. Twenty days after the release of "Моно" ("Mono"), Lena announced her first Russian-language opus, also titled "Моно" ("Mono"). The eight-track album was released on 26 July 2019, featuring six tracks that already released from 2018 and two new tracks. It was her first album released using Believe Digital services. Once again under her own label ''Katina Music Inc''.

==Today and beyond, Katina's life and happiness==

In 2020, Lena Katina joined ex-Neposedi member Sergey Lazarev as a judge for Russia-1 reality competition series "All Together Now!", where a contestant's singing ability is judged by a team of 100 musicians, with each judge rewarded one point for the contestant if they enjoyed the performance. Alongside Lena, the judges include members of Eurovision Song Contest 2012 runner up ''Buranovskiye Babushki'' (Ekaterina Shklyaeva and Valentina Pyatchenko).

In the same year, Katina released two standalone singles "Virus" on February 14 and "Killing Me Softly" on May 22, and recently participated in The Masked Singer (Russian TV series) edition as Spider. She was eliminated from the show on 13 April, landed in 6th place. She also released the acoustic versions of her previously released music under EP named (Acoustics) on April 17.

In August 2020 Lena Katina gave a candid interview with digital platform Vaaju.com. Ten years earlier, the star of the tATu group Lena Katina chose a solo career. A new life began with depression, which the singer managed to deal with. She was married for six years to Slovenian rock musician Sasho Kuzmanovich, after her divorce, she is surrounded by a son Aleksandr who is 5 years old, her family and her musical team. During the quarantine, Katina participated in “The Masked Singer”, Russian show singing the Lana Del Rey Cover song "Young & Beautiful". Katina is waiting for the resumption of her tour in 2020-2021.

Lena Katina, When asked by Vaaju.com in the aforementioned August 2020 article "What is your feeling of happiness?"

Katina responded to the question "Happiness is an inner feeling that should not depend on anything. After all, the quality of life does not depend on the number of apartments, a new smartphone or a super-fast car. I am happy because I have a wonderful son, a wonderful family, with whom I have a close relationship, a job I love and good friends. Of course, there are all sorts of desires, goals and ways to achieve them, which in my case is never easy. There is a bad mood, like all ordinary people, there are moments of despair. But still, I consider myself a happy person. And the renovation of the apartment, which I plan for next year. Still, of course, I would like to meet a life partner and give birth to another child, but that’s what God wants. I can do the rest myself."

On September 11, Katina released her single "Crybaby" on all digital platforms with the official vertical video available on her YouTube account and the believemusic.com-Backlink service that has links with "Crybaby" available on Napster, Itunes-Music, Spotify, and deezer.com.

==Face of the franchise and versatile voice==
t.A.T.u. became the most famous Russian group of all time, very quickly, after their start in 1999 with musical hits. Katina became famous worldwide as the primary English language voice for most of their songs.
Katina’s voice as the musical duo resonated across the airwaves, even as a young rising star her confidence grew, opening up to do challenging, sometimes confrontational interviews, scantily clad dressed publicity appearances, and so many radio show interviews with glaring moral and anti-war themed questions posed to her and Volkova. Katina was considered by the unlikeliest of new media on a talk radio website to be their “Talented Star Under Radar” story in 2007 by a St. Louis conservative radio show called “The Bob Wells Radio show”, on [[KJSL]], which featured Katina as an example to Christian youth to be a disciplined Christlike teen like she is... to go out into the world preaching the gospel and naming "God" to set an example. Elaborating that once again Jesus was among sinners and the world as in the biblical verse Mark 2:13-17 - Jesus Calls Levi and Eats With Sinners. Katina, like this example did just that. All while shrouded with controversy, she is still a Christian among the most challenging of circumstances that t.A.T.u. had to sinfully portray. “The Bob Wells Radio show” with then radio producer [[Bryan Kreutz]], would frequently feature people that went against the grain for topics on their website and even sometimes topics on thier show like Katina's story. Prior to Katina's story the feature was the [[Twilight (book)]] series, with stories of setting an example to young people on remaining virgins before marriage, while even the host himself confronted [[Athiest|athiests]] and homosexuals on the radio air waves, topics Katina encountered frequently in radio interviews.

== Personal life ==
Since her early childhood, Katina's hobbies have included artistic [[gymnastics]], ballroom [[dancing]], figure skating, [[swimming]] and horse-riding. She is also a skilled pianist and also enjoys reading, especially romance novels. Katina stated in a 2006 TeleHit interview that she used to listen to artists such as [[Led Zeppelin]], Deep Purple, and [[Pink Floyd]] when she was younger. She has two half-siblings, a younger paternal half-sister Katya and a maternal half-brother Ivan. She had a religious upbringing, and was a member of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]].

Katina married her boyfriend of three years, Slovenian musician "Sash Kuzma" (Sasha Kuzmanovic) of Serbian and Slovenian origin in Moscow and Ljubljana in August 2013.

Katina announced in November 2014 that she was 3 1/2 months pregnant with her first child during a concert in [[Rome]]. On 22 May 2015, she gave birth to her first child, a boy named Aleksandr Katin, in Moscow. As of November 2019, the couple were divorced after the couple apparently “fell out of love” with each other. In the end it was settled behind closed doors with no details revealed. Their son named Aleksandr, would stay with his mother, with complete access to the father.

After the news of the divorce was made public, it was revealed that Lena had gone to Bulgaria for a break.

=== Feud with Julia Volkova ===
The feud between Lena and Julia started when Julia expressed her opinion on Lena's solo career back in 2010, "She [Lena] has the right to do it [sing t.A.T.u. songs], but it's so stupid, absolutely stupid. If you do a solo career, it means that you do your own work. Her stuff, that she makes, I think, is silly and very soon her career will wither away and disappear." Lena responded to this interview via her YouTube Page, "I saw Julia's interview. Of course I got upset. But I want to tell everybody that I have a completely opposite attitude towards the whole situation, Julia's project included. I believe she's a very talented person and I sincerely hope that she'll be successful in all the things she plans." The group officially disbanded in 2011.

While the duo reunited briefly in 2012–2014, with a performance at The Voice of Romania while promoting the re-released edition of [[200 km/h in the Wrong Lane]], a concert in Kiev and a pre-opening performance of [[2014 Winter Olympics]] in Sochi, on 17 February 2014, Katina posted a video message on her official YouTube channel stating that she would no longer be working with Julia. However, on February 20th Volkova posted a video message saying that there is "no big reunion" but t.A.T.u. were having "joint projects". She also criticized Katina's "meaning" behind the video and confirmed that they would be shooting the video for the new single. On 5 March 2014, Volkova posted another video message on her official YouTube channel in response to Katina's video. She stated that despite "reasons of severe trepidation on the part of Lena about [Volkova] and [her] behavior," collaboration between the two was possible, referring to the release of their new single as well as their music video.

On 22 May 2014, both singers introduced the film at the Cannes Film Festival for their appearance in "Together Apart" video, part of Cornetto Ru's "A Sight Of Cupid" project which contains several short films about love. For the short video, alongside rappers Ligalize and Mike Tompkins, both recorded a song and its music video called "Love in Every Moment", released to the Cornetto Ru page on YouTube, in which Katina and Volkova filmed their scenes apart. Due to their conflict and in keeping with Lena's wishes to not interact with Julia, both singers had separate interviews with reporters. Volkova announced during an interview with the Italian press that the film would be the last collaborative work between her and Lena.

Their recent and last appearance together was at the 25th anniversary celebration of the children's musical group [[Neposedy]], which both were a part of before the formation of t.A.T.u. There, together with the children, Lena sang her song "All Around the World" and together with Julia, sang "Nas Ne Dogonyat" ("Not Gonna Get Us").

In 2019, Julia Volkova claimed that her manager went to Lena's house, and saw photos in her house which Julia were cut out of. Lena rebuked the accusation, saying that Julia's manager never went to her house. She also stated that the irreconcilable conflict between them made impossible for both to reunite as t.A.T.u.

In 2009 when Katina announced her pursuit of a solo career, but still continue part time with t.A.T.u., it wasn’t a competition against Julia Volkova’s solo career.

==Acting career==
Katina made her film début alongside Julia Volkova and Mischa Barton in the 2011 film ''You and I'', the story of two teenage girls who meet and fall in love at a Moscow t.A.T.u. concert. The film is based on the novel ''t.A.T.u. Come Back'', which was in turn based on true events.

Lena voiced the fairy Zarina in the Russian dub of the Disney film ''The Pirate Fairy'' which was released on Feb.13, 2014.

The video of "Lyubov' v Kazhdom Mgnoveniy" (Love in Every Moment) was launched in 2014 as a short film named ''Together Apart'' that is part of the Cornetto (ice cream) marketing project ''Cornetto Cupidity''. In the film, Lena is one of the cupids that try to bring a young couple through a long distance romance together.

==Modeling career==
In January 2013, Katina had a photoshoot with the Russian edition of Maxim magazine.

Later in 2013 Lena Katina modeled for the magzine called Высокая шпилька in english this translates to High hairpin magazine, issue no 6

In the November/December 2017 issue, Lena Katina was the cover model for the magazine InFluential the Art of Living Well with the cover title "Celebrating the Season", this also included an Exclusive interview with her.

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2003
| ''Anatomy of t.A.T.u.''
| rowspan="3"|Themselves
| TV documentary
|-
| 2004
| ''Podnebesnaya|t.A.T.u. v Podnebesnoy''
| TV series
|-
| 2008
| ''You and I''
| Cameo appearance
|-
|}

==External Links==
*[http://gloriousnoise.com/2003/tatu_2003_the_year_that_junk_b T.A.T.U. & 2003: THE YEAR THAT JUNK BROKE?]
*[http://lenakatina.kroogi.com/en/download/1982293-Keep-on-Breathing.html Kroogi 2011 release of Katina's song "Keep on Breathing" to help raise funds after the Japan the earthquake and tsunamia with the non-profit org providing support to underprivileged children in Japan.
*[https://www.popdust.com/tatu-member-lena-katina-is-pregnant-with-her-first-child-1890157228.html t.A.T.u. Member Lena Katina Is Pregnant With Her First Child]
*[https://viraltab.news/former-russian-t-a-t-u-singer-divorces-hubby/ Former Russian t.A.T.u Singer Divorces Hubby]
*[https://gagadaily.com/forums/topic/321299-lena-katina-tatu-performs-gaga-lana-on-the-masked-singer/ Lena Katina on the masked singer]
*[https://www.vaaju.com/russiaeng/lena-katina-gave-a-candid-interview-and-showed-her-son/ Lena Katina gave a candid interview and showed her son on vaaju.com]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110605085008/http://www.bobwellsradio.com/talentedstarUnderradar.htm Lena Katina - Talented Star under Radar on Bob Wells Radio]

[[Category:Russia]]
[[Category:Russian People]]
[[Category:Musicians]]
[[Category:Models]]
[[Category:Homosexual Agenda]]
[[Category:Homosexuality]]
[[Category:Singers]]
[[Category:Women Singers]]

Star Trek: The Original Series

2020-12-06T01:10:50Z

Technotronical: /* Movies */ Linked to the firs three movies pages within the Star Trek franchise

'''''Star Trek''''' was a 1960s television series about space explorers in the 23rd century.
The series was simply called ''Star Trek'' when it first aired and is still billed as such onscreen, but is now often referred to as ''The Original Series'' when distinguishing it from other ''[[Star Trek]]'' series produced later.

The series introduced characters that subsequently became household names, such as [[Captain Kirk]] (played by [[William Shatner]]) and [[Spock]], the half-human half-Vulcan first officer (played by [[Leonard Nimoy]]).

== Broadcast ==
The [[American]]-produced series was created by [[Gene Roddenberry]], and premiered in the United States on [[NBC]] on September 8, 1966 and ended June 3, 1969.

The show, set in the 23rd century, featured a crew of space explorers traveling around the galaxy in a ''Constitution''-class starship called the ''USS Enterprise NCC-1701''. The show did not immediately catch on with viewers and was cancelled due to low ratings, but soon established a strong following in syndication that saw the show become much more popular than it had ever been in its original run. The original TV show became a franchise. Many different spin-offs of the original program have since been made, one of which, ''Star Trek: Enterprise'', was a prequel with the original ''Enterprise'' starship (registered as NX-01).

In September 2006, a digitally remastered high definition version of ''Star Trek: The Original Series'' was released in [[broadcast syndication]] by CBS Paramount Domestic Television (now CBS Television Distribution). The remastered series includes new CGI visual effects (including new outer space shots with an updated ''Enterprise'', alien planets and spaceships all rendered in CGI), updated visual effects (like the transporter beam and phaser shots) and matte backgrounds, some recomposed scenes with new actors digitally inserted in the background and the show's iconic opening theme re-recorded in digital stereo. In its remastered version, it has aired in syndication in both a standard 4:3 format (which it currently airs in on [[MeTV]]) and a high definition 16:9 format (which is the version used on Blu-ray releases of the series, in digital downloads from [[iTunes]] and in online streaming from [[Netflix]]).

== ''The Original Series'' ==
The main characters from the original series were:

*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk|Captain James T. Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock|Mr. Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy|Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty|Lt. Cmdr. Montgomery "Scotty" Scott]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu|Lt. Hikaru Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov|Ensign Pavel Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura|Lt. Nyota Uhura]]

== Movies ==
The original series spawned six films, as well as a reboot.

*''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' (1979)
*''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' (1982)
*''[[Star_Trek_III:_The_Search_for_Spock_(film,_1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' (1984)
*''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' (1986)
*''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' (1989)
*''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' (1991)

William Shatner, James Doohan, and Walter Koenig would reprise their roles as Kirk, Scott, and Chekov in ''Star Trek: Generations'' (1994), the first movie to feature the cast from ''Star Trek: The Next Generation''.

=== Kelvin Timeline Films ===
*''Star Trek'' (2009)
*''Star Trek Into Darkness'' (2013)
*''Star Trek Beyond'' (2016)
*''Star Trek XIV'' (TBA)

== See also ==
* [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek]]
* [[The Trouble With Tribbles]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek (original series)]]
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

== External links ==
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0060028/ IMDB website (Original Series)]
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0060028/videogallery The complete series, uploaded to IMDB]

[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:Greatest Conservative TV Shows]]
[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Animated Movies]]
[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Fiction]]
[[Category:Survivalist Fiction]]
[[Category:Dystopian Fiction]]
[[Category:1960s]]

The Enterprise Incident

2020-12-06T01:05:56Z

Technotronical: Created page "The Enterprise Incident" episode of Star Trek: The Original Series, with plot summary elements, air date, and "Production background information" section

'''"The Enterprise Incident"''' is a third-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on September 27, 1968 on the [[NBC]] Network. Written by D.C. Fontana. Directed by John Meredyth Lucas

==Plot summary==
[[Captain Kirk]] has been behaving restless and irrationally of late, as noted in McCoy's medical log. Kirk then inexplicably orders helmsman [[Sulu]] to take the USS Enterprise across the Romulan Neutral Zone and into Romulan space, where it is quickly surrounded by the Romulans – who are now using Klingon-style vessels.

Kirk instructs Lieutenant [[Uhura]] to contact Starfleet Command and transmit all log entries. Via ship-to-ship communication, the Romulan Sub-Commander Tal demands the immediate surrender of the Enterprise. Kirk says he will blow up the Enterprise if any Romulans attempt to take it. Kirk then receives one hour to surrender the Enterprise from the Romulan Tal.

In an exchange of hostages, Kirk and Spock transport aboard the Romulan vessel, where they meet Tal's superior, a female commander. Kirk is accused of invading Romulan space in an attempt to steal a newly developed cloaking device for study by the Federation.

The Romulan commander threatens to torture Kirk until he confesses his crime – or dies. [[Spock]], however, testifies that Kirk was not under Starfleet orders; he is mentally unstable and has ordered the Enterprise across the Romulan Neutral Zone himself. An enraged Kirk, spattering emotions of betrayal towards Spock in front of the Romulans is taken to a holding cell.

Romulan commander attempts to persuade Spock to side with his Romulan "cousins," take command of the Enterprise and accompany the commander back to Romulus.

Bringing the flag ship of the federation (Enterprise) to Romulus would be considered a great achievement as the Romulan Commander reminds Spock. In the process, she attempts to coerce him, which Spock appears to find appealing to his Human – and emotional – side. Spock then attempts to walk down a forbidden corridor within the Romulan ship, but respects the commander's wish that only loyal Romulans walk down it.

Meanwhile, Kirk injures himself when he is transferred to a holding cell aboard the [[Romulan]] ship. McCoy beams aboard to examine him. McCoy reports to the commander that he is mentally incapacitated, which seems to corroborate Spock's testimony. She proclaims Spock to be the commander of the Enterprise. This leads to an altercation between Spock and Kirk, in which Spock uses the [[Vulcan]] death grip on him. Spock used this so-called "Vulcan death grip" on Captain James T. Kirk as a means to fool the Romulans into believing Kirk was dead, so as to bring Kirk back on board the USS Enterprise without causing suspicion. Spock claimed to the Romulan's that he had used the death grip instinctively, in response to an unexpected assault from Kirk. Dr. Leonard McCoy angrily reacts to Spock saying, "Well, at least your instincts are still good, Mr. Spock. The Captain is dead!"

Kirk is brought back aboard the Enterprise and is revived by [[Dr. McCoy|McCoy]]; the "death grip" is revealed to be a simple nerve block. Another truth is learned: Kirk and Spock are working under Federation orders to steal the cloaking device. Kirk asks McCoy to surgically alter him to appear Romulan. Nurse Chapel and Scotty are brought into the conspiracy.

Wearing the uniform from one of the Romulan prisoners, Kirk transports aboard the Romulan battle cruiser. While the Romulan commander is changing, Spock contacts Kirk with his communicator and speaks low. Spock reveals the location of the cloaking device. Their transmission is detected on the Romulan bridge. While Spock and the commander proceed with their intimate time together, Kirk makes his way to the forbidden corridor within the Romulan vessel encountering a centurion guard at the door and attacks him for entry. Sub-Commander Tal interrupts the commander and Spock, saying through the door that the matter is urgent. The commander reluctantly allows him to enter, where he informs her of the source of the alien transmission: It's at this moment, Spock is discovered. All security personell proceed urgently to the cloaking device.

Kirk manages to remove the cloaking device from its control panel in the Romulan and has Scotty beam him with it back to the Enterprise.

[[Scotty]] takes the cloaking device and installs it into the deflector shield from engineering onboard the enterprise.

While making his final statement, Spock is beamed back aboard the Enterprise – with the female Romulan commander holding onto him. Brought to the bridge, the commander orders Tal to destroy the Enterprise, leaving Kirk to prepare to fight in case Scotty 's efforts to ativate the cloaking device fail. Scotty succeeds, and the Enterprise is officially a cloaked vessel disappearing away from the Romulan ship preparing to fire and destroy the Enterprise.

==Production background information==
[[Academy Award]]-nominated, [[Emmy Award]]-winning composer Alexander Courage, who wrote the main title theme, returned to compose the music for this episode. Later in the season, Courage also composed music for "Plato's Stepchildren", his last score for Star Trek. In the second season, Courage composed about a half-hour of musical cues and conducted some music for the series.

The Romulans use [[Klingon]] disruptor pistols in this episode and from the very first draft, the script had the Romulans using Klingon ships. The series had a lot of money invested in the Klingon model and needed to get its money's worth.

This episode is also the first to feature a female starship commander.
This was the last live-action appearance of the Romulans in the "Star Trek" franchise until 20 years later in the Star Trek: The Next Generation season one finale titled "The Neutral Zone" in (1988).

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

Pre-production

2020-11-26T01:15:47Z

Technotronical:

Pre-production is the process of setting out an initial high level plan of some of the elements involved in a [[television]] pilot episode set for a serialized series/traditional episodic television series, a short film, feature [[film]], [[play|stage play]], or other performance. There are three parts in a production: pre-production, production, and post-production. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced on film, tape, or as a live performance.

==In Television==
When the network approves a pilot for filming, several things must occur. First, the show runner and producers are hired. The show runner is the person in charge. He or she will often work with the writers in a "Writers Room" to create a storyboard of ideas consisting of plot points, story arc, and ultimately a script that may often vary from the original sizzle reel or pilot shot as that episode example initially green lighting the series from the network. The showrunner will work with producers and casting directors/assistants to cast the [[actor|actors]], and the show runner is responsible for creative direction and usually oversees the project. Sometimes the showrunner is the person who created the show's concept, wrote the script or treatment and pitched it to the network for approval. Then the producers hire the crew -- and finally, after the writers room polishes the script the new pilot is shot and edited. This schedule is generally outlined as pre-production, production and post-production.
Focusing on Pre-Production, the timeline in general order is as follows:

'''Pre-Production Activities'''

1. '''Location Scouts'''

– the location manager has a concept meeting with the producers and the [[director]] after reading the script
– the location manager finds as many choices as possible for the Director
– group as many locations together within the closest general or geographic area as possible to save time on moving from one location to another
– scouts: Director/Location Manager/1st AD/Producer/PM or UPM/Art Director/Transportation Department or a Driver

First Scouts
– does it work for the Director
– does it work for the schedule

Last Scouts
– does it work for the schedule
– does it work for the director

2. '''Department Head Meetings'''

The director should have the following meetings:
– concept meeting with producers/location manager/art director
– script meeting with producers and writer, in larger or big budget productions a writer belonging to [[Writer's Guild of America]] will need the meetings with time lengths laid out beforehand
– casting meeting with producers, casting director, casting assistant
– costumes/wardrobe design
– props
– set decoration/set design
– special FX
– stunts and or choreography
– extra casting
– transportation
– visit the set and talk to the Director of Photography/hair & make up/sound/actors

3. '''Director/1st AD Meeting'''

– go through the script scene-by-scene
– give the AD a list of all special equipment needed (crane, Steadicam, circle track, special lenses..eg fish eye lens)
– Director will find out what the 1st AD, 2nd AD thinks/what he says/what he wants

4. '''Production Coordinator'''

– consult them regarding your travel, hotel accommodations, family travel etc.

5. '''Production Manager'''

– go over all concerns with PM (budget etc)
– prep is the time to organize (make mistakes on paper)
– go in prepared and speak your mind
– let them know if you foresee a problem early (overtime, over budget in areas that need correcting)

6. '''Extra Casting Meeting/Budget'''

– 1st Assistant Director, 2 Assistant Director, Extras Casting, Costume Designer go over the extra’s for the show

7. '''Stunts and Special FX'''

– get to know the Stunt Coordinator and Special FX Coordinator
– (the 1st Assistant Director is the on-set Safety Supervisor-Safety Meetings)
– go over all details of a stunt or special FX so you know the potential dangers, length of time for shooting and other details

8. '''Children'''

– Depending on the person, scheduling is more difficult with children under age 17
– Always get to know the parents, guardians and or caregivers
– always be honest with parents and caregivers. Let them know what is really going on regarding time and schedule.

9. '''Day-Out-Of-Days'''

– this shows you the work, travel, hold days for all actors and some crew

10. '''One Liner'''
– sets the schedule out on a “one line” basis for quick reference

11. '''Key Location Survey'''

– Director, 1st Assistant Director, 2nd Assistant Director, PM, LM, ALM, Producer, Set Decorator, Art Director, Director Of Photography, Grip, Gaffer, Transportation Captain, Construction Coordinator, Sound

12. '''Production Meeting'''

– review of all production arrangements and the director’s concepts
– the AD reads through the script scene-by-scene (no dialogue) and not by the one-liner
– every department discusses with the director their specific requirements
– it is an open discussion about the show
– it is usually the last time anything can be asked for by the director
[[File:To Inflict - S1T2 with clapper board.jpg|thumbnail|The Production phase begins for this short film. The second take of the very first scene filmed for "[[To Inflict]]". "Piper" the barista, played by actress Molly Cravens interacts in this scene with the customers.]]
13. '''The Shooting Schedule (1st Assistant Director)'''

– the show information (individual elements) is put into breakdown pages for distribution to crew

14. '''Stock Shots'''
-"B" Roll
-Second Unit
-Video Playback (Dailies)
-Photographs and or Inserts

15. '''Line Producer and Expectations with Director'''
Once all the pieces are in place, creative planning gets serious and finalized. Each department works with the line producer to break down what each field needs to properly execute the director's vision.
This is also where creatives finalize the sound design for the auditory experience of the TV series opening, closing credits and even finalize some musical scores in preparation for the production phase.
After pre-production is complete, shooting can commence. Shooting time varies between projects, and the type of TV series being made (Half-hour or full-hour-length) will determine the length of the production phase.

==In film==
Main article: Filmmaking Pre-production
In filmmaking and video production, pre-production formally begins once a project has been greenlit. At this stage, finalizing preparations for production go into effect. Financing will generally be confirmed and many of the key elements such as principal cast members, director and cinematographer are set. By the end of pre-production, the screenplay is usually finalized and satisfactory to all the financiers and other stakeholders.

During pre-production, the script is broken down into individual scenes with storyboards and all the locations, props, cast members, costumes, special effects and visual effects are identified. An extremely detailed shooting schedule is produced and arrangements are made for the necessary elements to be available to the film-makers at the appropriate times. Sets are constructed, the crew is hired, a [[financial analyst]] for financial arrangements are put in place and a start date for the beginning of principal photography is set. At some point in pre-production there will be a read-through of the script which is usually attended by all cast members with speaking parts, the director, all heads of departments, financiers, producers, and publicists.

==In music==
In the music industry, pre-production is the planning phase for the entire album. It's a process whereby a recording artist spends time creating and refining their musical ideas. The artist thus produces a song's demo recording, or rough draft, in order to pre-establish the song's creative premise. This reduces the time and money spent in expensive studios. The goal is to enter into the major recording phase of production with the basic and most promising ideas having been already established. For a music video based upon the artists same song there's a heavier but different focus on Pre-production. Pre production roles within a music video will be identified and has to happen before a music video shoot. A lot of different people are involved in the processes of a music video production. The primary roles of people are commonly identified and summarized as follows:

1. '''Planning the story'''
*Director – The main responsibility of production lies with her/him. A music video director is involved at every stage of the production process, helping and guiding others to do their job.
*Screen Writer – They are responsible for coming up with a concept that fits the budget of production. They will then write down all that is going to happen in the video into a script.
*Storyboard Artist – They sketch key frames of the video from the provided script onto a sheet of paper, so that others in the production team have a better understanding of the flow of the story.
*Casting (Director) – In small productions casting is done by the Director himself, whereas in bigger productions, there are specially appointed Casting Directors to cast the talent that will be used in the video.
2. '''Art Department'''
*Art Director – Looks after and finalizes the visual side of the video.
*Set Director – Looks after and finalizes the build of set and placements of objects in line with the script.
*Conceptual Artist – When there is an out of ordinary element in a video, its look and feel is thought out by the Conceptual Artist. Conceptualizing visually can include the decision to use an example of whether or not the same color scheme trumpets should be either silver or gold. Will they have three gold trumpets and matching gold harmonicas around their necks to play from or will those harmonicas be silver to contrast?
3. '''Finance'''
*Executive Producer – Pays for the entire cost of the video.
*Producer – Purchases everything needed for the shoot, carefully picking the right brands.

==External websites/References==
*[http://actioncutprint.com/filmmaking-articles/filmmakingarticle-21/ Filmmaking Peter D. Marshall]
*[https://www.epikmusicvideos.com/blog/68-music-video-production-roles-and-responsabilities-explained.html Music video production roles and responsibilities]

[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Music]]
[[Category:Hollywood]]

Pre-production

2020-11-26T01:12:38Z

Technotronical: /* In Television */ Added final phase sub-section '''Line Producer and Expectations with Director'''. Also added picture and caption of the first phase of Production

Pre-production is the process of setting out an initial high level plan of some of the elements involved in a [[television]] pilot episode set for a serialized series/traditional episodic television series, a short film, feature [[film]], [[play|stage play]], or other performance. There are three parts in a production: pre-production, production, and post-production. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced on film, tape, or as a live performance.

==In Television==
When the network approves a pilot for filming, several things must occur. First, the show runner and producers are hired. The show runner is the person in charge. He or she will often work with the writers in a "Writers Room" to create a storyboard of ideas consisting of plot points, story arc, and ultimately a script that may often vary from the original sizzle reel or pilot shot as that episode example initially green lighting the series from the network. The showrunner will work with producers and casting directors/assistants to cast the [[actor|actors]], and the show runner is responsible for creative direction and usually oversees the project. Sometimes the showrunner is the person who created the show's concept, wrote the script or treatment and pitched it to the network for approval. Then the producers hire the crew -- and finally, after the writers room polishes the script the new pilot is shot and edited. This schedule is generally outlined as pre-production, production and post-production.
Focusing on Pre-Production, the timeline in general order is as follows:

'''Pre-Production Activities'''

1. '''Location Scouts'''

– the location manager has a concept meeting with the producers and the [[director]] after reading the script
– the location manager finds as many choices as possible for the Director
– group as many locations together within the closest general or geographic area as possible to save time on moving from one location to another
– scouts: Director/Location Manager/1st AD/Producer/PM or UPM/Art Director/Transportation Department or a Driver

First Scouts
– does it work for the Director
– does it work for the schedule

Last Scouts
– does it work for the schedule
– does it work for the director

2. '''Department Head Meetings'''

The director should have the following meetings:
– concept meeting with producers/location manager/art director
– script meeting with producers and writer, in larger or big budget productions a writer belonging to [[Writer's Guild of America]] will need the meetings with time lengths laid out beforehand
– casting meeting with producers, casting director, casting assistant
– costumes/wardrobe design
– props
– set decoration/set design
– special FX
– stunts and or choreography
– extra casting
– transportation
– visit the set and talk to the Director of Photography/hair & make up/sound/actors

3. '''Director/1st AD Meeting'''

– go through the script scene-by-scene
– give the AD a list of all special equipment needed (crane, Steadicam, circle track, special lenses..eg fish eye lens)
– Director will find out what the 1st AD, 2nd AD thinks/what he says/what he wants

4. '''Production Coordinator'''

– consult them regarding your travel, hotel accommodations, family travel etc.

5. '''Production Manager'''

– go over all concerns with PM (budget etc)
– prep is the time to organize (make mistakes on paper)
– go in prepared and speak your mind
– let them know if you foresee a problem early (overtime, over budget in areas that need correcting)

6. '''Extra Casting Meeting/Budget'''

– 1st Assistant Director, 2 Assistant Director, Extras Casting, Costume Designer go over the extra’s for the show

7. '''Stunts and Special FX'''

– get to know the Stunt Coordinator and Special FX Coordinator
– (the 1st Assistant Director is the on-set Safety Supervisor-Safety Meetings)
– go over all details of a stunt or special FX so you know the potential dangers, length of time for shooting and other details

8. '''Children'''

– Depending on the person, scheduling is more difficult with children under age 17
– Always get to know the parents, guardians and or caregivers
– always be honest with parents and caregivers. Let them know what is really going on regarding time and schedule.

9. '''Day-Out-Of-Days'''

– this shows you the work, travel, hold days for all actors and some crew

10. '''One Liner'''
– sets the schedule out on a “one line” basis for quick reference

11. '''Key Location Survey'''

– Director, 1st Assistant Director, 2nd Assistant Director, PM, LM, ALM, Producer, Set Decorator, Art Director, Director Of Photography, Grip, Gaffer, Transportation Captain, Construction Coordinator, Sound

12. '''Production Meeting'''

– review of all production arrangements and the director’s concepts
– the AD reads through the script scene-by-scene (no dialogue) and not by the one-liner
– every department discusses with the director their specific requirements
– it is an open discussion about the show
– it is usually the last time anything can be asked for by the director

13. '''The Shooting Schedule (1st Assistant Director)'''

– the show information (individual elements) is put into breakdown pages for distribution to crew

14. '''Stock Shots'''
-"B" Roll
-Second Unit
-Video Playback (Dailies)
-Photographs and or Inserts

15. '''Line Producer and Expectations with Director'''
Once all the pieces are in place, creative planning gets serious and finalized. Each department works with the line producer to break down what each field needs to properly execute the director's vision.
This is also where creatives finalize the sound design for the auditory experience of the TV series opening, closing credits and even finalize some musical scores in preparation for the production phase.
After pre-production is complete, shooting can commence. Shooting time varies between projects, and the type of TV series being made (Half-hour or full-hour-length) will determine the length of the production phase.
[[File:To Inflict - S1T2 with clapper board.jpg|thumbnail|The Production phase begins for this short film. The second take of the very first scene filmed for "To Inflict". "Piper" the barista, played by actress Molly Cravens interacts in this scene with the customers.]]

==In film==
Main article: Filmmaking Pre-production
In filmmaking and video production, pre-production formally begins once a project has been greenlit. At this stage, finalizing preparations for production go into effect. Financing will generally be confirmed and many of the key elements such as principal cast members, director and cinematographer are set. By the end of pre-production, the screenplay is usually finalized and satisfactory to all the financiers and other stakeholders.

During pre-production, the script is broken down into individual scenes with storyboards and all the locations, props, cast members, costumes, special effects and visual effects are identified. An extremely detailed shooting schedule is produced and arrangements are made for the necessary elements to be available to the film-makers at the appropriate times. Sets are constructed, the crew is hired, a [[financial analyst]] for financial arrangements are put in place and a start date for the beginning of principal photography is set. At some point in pre-production there will be a read-through of the script which is usually attended by all cast members with speaking parts, the director, all heads of departments, financiers, producers, and publicists.

==In music==
In the music industry, pre-production is the planning phase for the entire album. It's a process whereby a recording artist spends time creating and refining their musical ideas. The artist thus produces a song's demo recording, or rough draft, in order to pre-establish the song's creative premise. This reduces the time and money spent in expensive studios. The goal is to enter into the major recording phase of production with the basic and most promising ideas having been already established. For a music video based upon the artists same song there's a heavier but different focus on Pre-production. Pre production roles within a music video will be identified and has to happen before a music video shoot. A lot of different people are involved in the processes of a music video production. The primary roles of people are commonly identified and summarized as follows:

1. '''Planning the story'''
*Director – The main responsibility of production lies with her/him. A music video director is involved at every stage of the production process, helping and guiding others to do their job.
*Screen Writer – They are responsible for coming up with a concept that fits the budget of production. They will then write down all that is going to happen in the video into a script.
*Storyboard Artist – They sketch key frames of the video from the provided script onto a sheet of paper, so that others in the production team have a better understanding of the flow of the story.
*Casting (Director) – In small productions casting is done by the Director himself, whereas in bigger productions, there are specially appointed Casting Directors to cast the talent that will be used in the video.
2. '''Art Department'''
*Art Director – Looks after and finalizes the visual side of the video.
*Set Director – Looks after and finalizes the build of set and placements of objects in line with the script.
*Conceptual Artist – When there is an out of ordinary element in a video, its look and feel is thought out by the Conceptual Artist. Conceptualizing visually can include the decision to use an example of whether or not the same color scheme trumpets should be either silver or gold. Will they have three gold trumpets and matching gold harmonicas around their necks to play from or will those harmonicas be silver to contrast?
3. '''Finance'''
*Executive Producer – Pays for the entire cost of the video.
*Producer – Purchases everything needed for the shoot, carefully picking the right brands.

==External websites/References==
*[http://actioncutprint.com/filmmaking-articles/filmmakingarticle-21/ Filmmaking Peter D. Marshall]
*[https://www.epikmusicvideos.com/blog/68-music-video-production-roles-and-responsabilities-explained.html Music video production roles and responsibilities]

[[Category:Television]]
[[Category:Music]]
[[Category:Hollywood]]

Saint Louis Cardinals

2020-11-26T00:49:55Z

Technotronical: Added new caption picture with Yadier Molina

{{MLBTeam
|name=Saint Louis Cardinals
|logo=STL 1331.gif
|text=#c41e3a
|background=#ff0
|location=Saint Louis, Missouri
|year=1882
|colors=red, blue, white
|mascot=Fredbird
|champs=11
|website=http://cardinals.mlb.com/
}}
[[File:Major_League_Baseball_Players_who_grew_up_in_Temecula_California_Allen Craig_of_the_St.Louis_Cardinals_Left_and_Reed Johnson_Of_The_Atlanta_Braves_Left_Center.jpg|thumbnail|right|300px|Allen Craig of the St.Louis Cardinals plays first base in a game against the Braves in Atlanta Georgia in July 2013]]
The ''' Saint Louis Cardinals ''' are a [[Major League Baseball]] team in the [[National League]] Central Division. The Cardinals have won the most [[World Series]] in the National League, with 11 victories. They are second in overall World Series wins with only the [[New York Yankees]] ahead of them.

Originally founded as the St. Louis Brown Stockings (or Browns) in 1882, they changed their name to the Perfectos in 1899, and have been officially known as the Cardinals since 1900. An [[American League]] team also known as the Browns played in St. Louis (1902-1953). Despite being in one of the smaller media markets the Cardinals have a national following, due in large part being the westernmost team in all of baseball until the Dodgers and Giants moved to California, and even then dominated most of the Midwest and western states.

The Cardinals have played in a stadium known as [[Busch Stadium]] since 1953. This includes Sportsman's Park (renamed Busch Stadium in 1953), Busch Memorial Stadium (1966 - 2005), and the current Busch Stadium (2006–present). The Cardinals were the first team to win a World Series in the inaugural year of its ballpark since the New York Yankees did it in 1923.

'''Mascot:''' Fredbird.

'''Rivals:''' [[Chicago Cubs]], [[Houston Astros]], [[Kansas City Royals]].

'''[[World Series]] Championships:''' 1926, 1931, 1934, 1942, 1944, 1946, 1964, 1967, 1982, 2006, 2011

'''National League Pennants:''' 1926, 1928, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1982, 1985, 1987, 2004, 2006, 2011, 2013
==Roster==
<nowiki>*Not on active roster</nowiki> 
<nowiki>**Not on 40 man roster</nowiki>
===Pitchers===
*41 - Mitchell Boggs
*29 - Chris Carpenter
*31 - Ryan Franklin
*54 - Jaime Garcia
*53 - Blake Hawksworth
*52 - Josh Kinney
*26 - Kyle Lohse
*46 - Kyle McClellan
*43 - Trever Miller
*60 - Jason Motte
*71 - Tyler Norrick
*75 - Adam Ottavino
*33 - Brad Penny
*36 - Dennys Reyes
*73 - Francisco Samuel
*50 - Adam Wainwright
*62 - P.J. Walters
[[File:DSC00636 Yadier Molina.jpg|thumbnail|St. Louis Cardinals gold glove catcher [[Yadier Molina]] at Busch Stadium]]
===Catchers===
*67 - Bryan Anderson
*21 - Jason LaRue
*4 - [[Yadier Molina]]
*19 - Matt Pagnozzi

===Infielders===
*23 - David Freese
*27 - Tyler Greene
*83 - Mark Hamilton
*8 - Felipe Lopez
*5 - Albert Pujols
*13 - Brendan Ryan
*55 - Skip Schumaker

===Outfielders===
*66 - Allen Craig
*7 - Matt Holliday
*68 - John Jay
*84 - Daryl Jones
*47 - Ryan Ludwick
*22 - Joe Mather
*28 - Colby Rasmus
*64 - Shane Robinson
*34 - Nick Stavinoha

==Minor League Affiliates==
The minor league affiliates of the Cardinals are:
*AAA - Memphis Redbirds
*AA - Springfield Cardinals
*A Adv. - Palm Beach Cardinals
*A - Quad Cities River Bandits
*SS - Batavia Muckdogs
*Rookie - Johnson City Cardinals

[[Image:Busch Stadium.jpg|right|thumb|Home of the Cardinals, a game at Busch Stadium in 2007 located in downtown [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]]]
==All Star Games==
Two all star games have been held at the home of the National League St. Louis Cardinals.
The first was known as a blistering one hundred five-degree game held at then-new Busch Memorial Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri on July 14, 1966 as the 37th all-star game ever in MLB.
Pete Richert, pitching the bottom of the 10th, gave up a base hit to Cardinals catcher Tim McCarver, a sacrifice bunt by Ron Hunt and a walk-off single to center by Maury Wills.
Playing the entire 10 innings at third base and getting three of his team's six hits, Brooks Robinson was named this all star game's most valuable player, even though he was on the losing side.

The [[St. Louis Cardinals]], hosted the 2009 All-Star Game at Busch Stadium on July 14, 2009. This was the 80th midseason exhibition between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). Fox televised the contest, with Joe Buck and Tim McCarver in the booth for the game broadcast, joined at the bottom of the 2nd inning by President Barack Obama.
American League pitchers at one point retired 18 straight National league batters before pitcher Joe Nathan walked Adrián González with two outs in the eighth inning. Nathan, however, struck out Ryan Howard with runners on second and third to end the threat. Yankees closing pitcher Mariano Rivera pitched a perfect ninth inning to earn a record fourth All-Star Game save.
Carl Crawford was given the MLB All-Star Game's Most Valuable Player award.

==Playoff history==
[[Image:2006Cardinals.jpg|right|380px|thumb|President George W. Bush hosts the 2006 World Series champion St. Louis Cardinals at the White House in the East Room Tuesday, Jan. 16, 2007. Cardinals Managing partner and chairman William O. DeWitt Jr.(Left), [[President of the United States]] [[George W. Bush]] (Center), and General Manager of St. Louis Cardinals Walt Jocketty (Right) are surrounded by team players and personnel.]]
In 1944 the Cardinals defeated the cross-town Browns in the only all-St. Louis World Series. The 1946 Cardinals finished in a first-place tie with Brooklyn, and defeated the Dodgers two straight in baseball's first-ever league playoff series before defeating the [[Boston Red Sox]] in seven games to capture the world series championship. The Cardinals began play in the current Busch Stadium in 2006, becoming the first team since 1923 to win the World Series in their first season in a new ballpark. In postseason appearances, the St. Louis Cardinals have faced the [[Atlanta Braves]] five times, which is tied for most with the [[New York Yankees]] as an opponent. In five playoff appearances, all in the world Series with the Yankees, the Cardinals won three -- in 1926, 1942 and 1964. The Cardinals are one of the top teams to reach the playoffs most in MLB. Only two teams have reached the playoffs more than the Cardinals, The [[New York Yankees|Yankees]] and [[Los Angeles Dodgers|Dodgers]]. The franchise has won eleven [[World Series]].

==Franchise records by postseason round==
Updated through the 2019 postseason.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center
|-
! style="width: 230pt;"|Franchise !! Wild Card Game Won !! Wild Card Game Total !! Division Series Won !! Division Series Total !! League Championship Series Won !! League Championship Series Total !! World Series Won !! World Series Total !! Total Postseason Appearances
|-
| [[Arizona Diamondbacks]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || 6 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 6
|-
| [[Boston]] / [[Milwaukee]] / [[Atlanta Braves]] || 0 || 1 || 6 || 15 || 5 || 11 || 3 || 9 || 25
|-
| [[St. Louis|St. Louis Browns]] / [[Baltimore Orioles]] || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 10 || 3 || 7 || 14
|-
| [[Boston Red Sox]] || 0 || 0 || 7 || 13 || 6 || 11 || 9 || 13 || 24
|-
| [[Chicago Cubs]] || 1 || 2 || 4 || 7 || 1 || 6 || 3 || 11 || 20
|-
| [[Chicago White Sox]] || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 3 || 3 || 5 || 9
|-
| [[Cincinnati Reds]] || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 5 || 8 || 5 || 9 || 15
|-
| [[Cleveland Indians]] || 0 || 1 || 5 || 10 || 3 || 5 || 2 || 6 || 14
|-
| [[Colorado Rockies]] || 1 || 2 || 1 || 4 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 5
|-
| [[Detroit Tigers]] || 0 || 0 || 4 || 5 || 3 || 7 || 4 || 11 || 16
|-
| [[Houston Astros]] || 1 || 1 || 5 || 11 || 3 || 7 || 1 || 3 || 13
|-
| [[Kansas City Royals]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 8 || 2 || 4 || 9
|-
| [[California]] / Anaheim Angels / [[Los Angeles Angels]] || 0 || 0 || 3 || 7 || 1 || 6 || 1 || 1 || 10
|-
| [[Brooklyn]] / [[Los Angeles Dodgers]] || 0 || 0 || 7 || 14 || 7 || 13 || 6 || 20 || 33
|-
| [[Miami Marlins|Florida/Miami Marlins]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| [[Seattle|Seattle Pilots]] / [[Milwaukee Brewers]] || 0 || 1 || 2 || 4 || 1 || 3 || 0 || 1 || 6
|-
| Washington Senators / [[Minnesota Twins]] || 0 || 1 || 1 || 7 || 2 || 5 || 3 || 6 || 16
|-
| [[New York Mets]] || 0 || 1 || 4 || 4 || 5 || 8 || 2 || 5 || 9
|-
| [[New York Yankees]] || 2 || 3 || 13 || 21 || 11 || 17 || 27 || 40 || 55
|-
| [[Philadelphia]] / [[Kansas City]] / [[Oakland Athletics]] || 0 || 3 || 2 || 8 || 6 || 11 || 9 || 14 || 28
|-
| [[Philadelphia Phillies]] || 0 || 0 || 3 || 6 || 5 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 14
|-
| [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] || 1 || 3 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 9 || 5 || 7 || 17
|-
| [[San Diego Padres]] || 0 || 0 || 1 || 4 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 5
|-
| [[Seattle Mariners]] || 0 || 0 || 3 || 4 || 0 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 4
|-
| [[New York]] / [[San Francisco Giants]] || 2 || 2 || 4 || 8 || 5 || 7 || 8 || 20 || 26
|-
| [[St. Louis Cardinals]] || 1 || 1 || 11 || 14 || 7 || 14 || 11 || 19 || 29
|-
| [[Tampa Bay Rays|Tampa Bay Devil Rays / Rays]] || 2 || 2 || 1 || 5 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 5
|-
| Washington Senators / [[Texas Rangers]] || 0 || 1 || 2 || 7 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 8
|-
| [[Toronto Blue Jays]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 7 || 2 || 2 || 7
|-
| [[Montreal Expos]] / [[Washington Nationals]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || 6 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 6
|-
| '''Totals''' || '''16''' || '''32''' || '''104''' || '''208''' || '''100''' || '''200''' || '''115''' || '''230''' || '''450'''
|}

== External links ==
*[http://cardinals.mlb.com/ Team Website]
*[http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/clubhouse?team=stl ESPN Team News]

{{Nb_sl_mlb_national}}
[[Category:Missouri]]

Yadier Molina

2020-11-26T00:47:19Z

Technotronical: Added new caption picture with Yadier Molina

{{Infobox person
|name= Yadier Benjamin Molina
(Best known as a major league baseball player)
|image=Yadier Molina.jpg
|birth_place= Bayamón, [[Puerto Rico]]
|birth_date= born July 13, 1982
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse= Wanda Torres
}}

'''Yadier Molina''', (born July 13, 1982) is a [[Puerto Rican]] [[Major League Baseball]] player from Bayamón, [[Puerto Rico]]. He is currently the catcher for the [[Saint Louis Cardinals]] of [[Major league baseball]] (MLB). Molina has played his entire 17-year major league career with the Cardinals since his debut on June 3, 2004 after the Cardinals selected him in the fourth round of the 2000 MLB Draft. Molina also played for the Puerto Rican national team in four World Baseball Classic tournaments.

He is the youngest of three brothers; his older brothers are Benjamin (better known as Bengie) and Jose, both of whom were also catchers in the majors. All three were also known for being among the slowest baserunners in the league.

Molina has the defensive qualifications to rank as one of the best ever catchers based upon statistics. Molina's 10 All-Star appearances, 9 Gold Gloves, and role in the winning of 2 World Series titles has quantified his significant character in the history of the first 20 years of 21st century baseball.
Yadier Molina's 2,000th hit on September 24, 2020 made him one of just 12 catchers in MLB history to get there. Yadier becomes the 17th player to record his 2,000th hit as a Cardinal. Molina is one of only six players in Cardinals franchise history to collect all 2,000 hits with the St. Louis Cardinals. Yadier Molina recorded his 100th postseason hit during the 2020 NL Wild Card Series and during the same game marked the veteran catcher’s 100th career postseason game. Molina’s played all of them with the Cardinals, and the number ranks sixth all time in Major League Baseball, behind Derek Jeter (158), Jorge Posada (125), Bernie Williams (121), David Justice (112) and Manny Ramirez (111).
A summary of milestones include nine Rawlings Gold Gloves and six Fielding Bible Awards. A two-time World Series champion, he is a prominent figure in eleven Cardinals playoff appearances and four National League (NL) pennants, and a two-time silver medalist with Puerto Rico. Molina is a key figure in 21st century postseason history.

A St. Louis [[journalist]] stated in 2020 speaking of Yadier Molina; "I don't know if there's ever been a 38-year-old catcher in better shape in the history of baseball." Referring to when the 38-year-old crouched behind home plate on opening day for the 16th straight season as a member of the Cardinals, a record for most consecutive Opening Day starts by a catcher in baseball history.

Molina bats and throws right-handed, stands 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall, and weighs approximately 205 pounds.

==Awards and accomplishments==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ '''Championships earned or shared'''
|-
!Title
!Number of times achieved
!Dates
|-
| [[National League]] champion
| style="text-align:center;"| 4
| 2004, 2006, 2011, 2013
|
|-
| [[World Series]] champion
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2006, 2011
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Awards, honors, and exhibition team selections
!Number of times achieved
!Dates
|-
| All-World Baseball Classic Team
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2013, 2017
|-
| ''Baseball America'' Award for Best Defensive Catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2014, 2015
|-
| Baseball Writers' Association of America [[St. Louis]] Baseball Man of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| The Cardinal Nation/Scout.com St. Louis Cardinals Player of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| Darryl Kile Good Guy Award
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2015
|-
| Fielding Bible Award at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 6
| 2007−10, 2012, 2013
|-
| GIBBY/Baseball Award for Defensive Player of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| Major League Baseball All-Star
| style="text-align:center;"| 9
| 2009−2015, 2017–2018
|-
| MLB Japan Series All-Star
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2018 MLB Japan All-Star Series
|-
| Rawlings Gold Glove Award at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 9
| 2008−15, 2018
|-
| Rawlings Platinum Glove Award
| style="text-align:center;"| 4
| 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015
|-
| [[Roberto Clemente]] Award
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2018
|-
| Silver Slugger Award at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2013
|-
| The Sporting News National League All-Star at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2009
|-
| Wilson Sporting Goods Cardinals' Defensive Player of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| World Baseball Classic silver medalist (with Team Puerto Rico)
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2013, 2017
|}
[[File:DSC00636 Yadier Molina.jpg|thumbnail|St. Louis Cardinals gold glove catcher Yadier Molina at Busch Stadium]]
===Records===
;MLB records
* Consecutive playoff games started, 101
* Platinum Glove awards won, 4
* Consecutive Opening Day starts at catcher, 16 (2005–20)

;St. Louis Cardinals records
* Consecutive seasons leading the team in batting average as catcher, 2
* Gold Gloves won as catcher, 9
* Defensive runs saved as catcher, 120
* Playoff appearances as catcher, 8
* Playoff hits for career, 100

===Statistical achievements===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;"
|-
!Category
!# of Times
!Dates
|-
! style="background:#dde;" colspan="3"| All National League players
|-
| Defensive Wins Above Replacement (dWAR)
| style="text-align:center;"| 6
| 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013
|-
| Wins Above Replacement (WAR)
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2012
|-
! style="background:#dde;" colspan="3"| National League top-five fielding leader as catcher
|-
| Assists
| style="text-align:center;"| 8 ('''3''')
| 2005−'''10''', '''2012''', 2013
|-
| Caught stealing
| style="text-align:center;"| 7
| 2005−07, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2017
|-
| Caught stealing percentage
| style="text-align:center;"| 10 ('''4''')
| '''2005'''−'''10''', 2012−15
|-
| Double plays
| style="text-align:center;"| 6 ('''3''')
| 2010, '''2012'''−'''15''', '''2017'''
|-
| Errors
| style="text-align:center;"| 3
| 2005, 2008, 2017
|-
| Fielding percentage
| style="text-align:center;"| 7 ('''2''')
| 2006, 2009, 2010, 2012−'''14''', '''2016'''
|-
| Games played
| style="text-align:center;"| 9 ('''6''')
| 2006, '''2009'''−'''13''', '''2015'''−'''17'''
|-
| Passed balls
| style="text-align:center;"| 4 ('''1''')
| '''2005''', 2006, 2010, 2016
|-
| Putouts
| style="text-align:center;"| 7 ('''3''')
| 2009, 2010, 2012, '''2013''', '''2015''', '''2016''', 2017
|-
| Stolen bases allowed
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2016
|-
| Total zone runs
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 ('''7''')
| '''2005'''−15, 2017
|-
! style="background:#dde;" colspan="3"| National League top-ten batting leader
|-
| At bat-to-strikeout ratio
| style="text-align:center;"| 8
| 2008−13, 2015, 2016
|-
| Adjusted OPS
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2012
|-
| Batting average
| style="text-align:center;"| 4
| 2011−13, 2016
|-
| Doubles
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2013, 2016
|-
| Double plays grounded into
| style="text-align:center;"| 6
| 2007−11, 2016
|-
| Offensive WAR
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2012
|-
| Sacrifice flies
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2015, 2017
|-
|colspan="3" style="font-size:85%"|''Notes:'' '''Bold''' — league leader.
|}

== Foundation ==
Yadier and his wife, Wanda, started the Fundación 4, a 501 (c) (3) nonprofit charity founded in 2010. The name “Fundacion 4” is in the representation of Yadi's #4 uniform number. Its main mission is to create happier lives and futures for underprivileged children in Puerto Rico., which benefits " Molina's charitable organization, which helped to raise donations for childhood cancer patients in Puerto Rico.

As part of his Fundacion 4, Molina spent time delivering supplies, water, and food to people still recovering from the impact of Hurricane Maria in September 2018.

==Family and personal life==
[[Image:Puerto Rico flag.png|left|75px]]
Molina resides in Vega Alta, on the northern coast of Puerto Rico during the offseason and stays in a $2.2 million Creve Coeur Missouri home as of Oct 2015. Molina previously stayed in Caseyville, Illinois, during the baseball season until 2015. He married his wife Wanda Torres in 2007 and the couple have three children. On September 4, 2008, they had a son named Yanuell; on July 4, 2010, a daughter named Arianna; and on February 6, 2016, a son named Daniel Benjamin. After signing his $75 million contract in 2012, Molina purchased a home on a four-acre property at the address of 6431 River Pointe Way in Jupiter, Florida, for $7.15 million. The home details according to public records show its an eight-bedroom, seven-and-a-half-bathroom home. In September 2020 Yadier Molina sold this Jupiter riverfront Jupiter estate mansion for $8-Million dollars. This means Molina and his wife sold the house for $800K more than they paid in 2012, which includes a guest house, and baseball diamond.

Yadier Molina is a [[Christian]] and has spoken to Cardinal Fans regarding his faith on Christian Family Day at Busch Stadium.

Molina's agent is Melvin Roman of MDR Sports Management. Roman, who owns a baseball player representation firm in Puerto Rico has represented Molina since he signed his first professional contract with the Cardinals shortly after being drafted in 2000.

Molina is an avid fan of the NHL team [[St. Louis Blues]], and attends games frequently. Molina is close friends with Vladimir Tarasenko. A 3D art piece was specially created by Steven Walden featuring an embellished canvas print with the two players in action with the St. Louis gateway Arch and courthouse in the middle of the piece. The original work is autographed by Yadier Molina and Vladimir Tarasenko and JSA certified.

Yadier Molina's two older brothers, Bengie and José Molina, are the only trio of brothers to play as catchers in Major league baseball. Bengie Molina played multiple seasons in the major leagues with the [[Los Angeles Angels|Anaheim Angels]] (1998–2005), [[Toronto Blue Jays]] (2006), [[San Francisco Giants]] (2007–2010), [[Texas Rangers]] (2010). Due to having played for both Giants and Rangers during the 2010 season, Bengie Molina was guaranteed to receive a World Series ring regardless of whether his current or former team won the World Series.

Each of the three brothers has won at least one World Series ring, making them the only trio of brothers with such a distinction (Bengie and José both won their first ring while with the Anaheim Angels in 2002 as the catching duo).

Yadier's brother, José Molina played multiple seasons in the major leagues with the [[Chicago Cubs]] (1999), [[Los Angeles Angels|Anaheim Angels]] (2001–2007), [[New York Yankees]] (2007–2009), [[Toronto Blue Jays]] (2010–2011), [[Tampa Bay Rays]] (2012–2014). José won a second ring with the 2009 New York Yankees.

Yadier and his two brothers had a father named Benjamín Molina, who organized youth baseball teams in Bayamón [[Puerto Rico]] even up to his death. Benjamín Molina was tending to a baseball field when he passed away from a heart attack on October 11, 2008.

== External links ==
* [https://www.yadiermolina4.com/ Fundación 4 nonprofit charity founded by Yadier and his wife Wanda Torres]
* [https://therealdeal.com/miami/2020/09/28/baseball-player-yadier-molina-sells-jupiter-mansion-for-8m/ Yadier Molina sells Jupiter Florida mansion]
* [https://allfans.co/molina-hits-100th-postseason-milestone-twice/ Molina hits 100th postseason milestone twice]
* [https://www.radio.com/kmox/articles/news/cardinals-catcher-will-break-an-mlb-record-on-opening-day Molina breaks an mlb record on opening-day]

[[Category:Baseball Players]]
[[Category:Christians]]
[[Category:Puerto Rico]]
[[Category:Latinos]]

Yadier Molina

2020-11-26T00:25:13Z

Technotronical: Added new caption picture with Yadier Molina

{{Infobox person
|name= Yadier Benjamin Molina
(Best known as a major league baseball player)
|image=Yadier Molina.jpg
|birth_place= Bayamón, [[Puerto Rico]]
|birth_date= born July 13, 1982
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse= Wanda Torres
}}

'''Yadier Molina''', (born July 13, 1982) is a [[Puerto Rican]] [[Major League Baseball]] player from Bayamón, [[Puerto Rico]]. He is currently the catcher for the [[Saint Louis Cardinals]] of [[Major league baseball]] (MLB). Molina has played his entire 17-year major league career with the Cardinals since his debut on June 3, 2004 after the Cardinals selected him in the fourth round of the 2000 MLB Draft. Molina also played for the Puerto Rican national team in four World Baseball Classic tournaments.

He is the youngest of three brothers; his older brothers are Benjamin (better known as Bengie) and Jose, both of whom were also catchers in the majors. All three were also known for being among the slowest baserunners in the league.

Molina has the defensive qualifications to rank as one of the best ever catchers based upon statistics. Molina's 10 All-Star appearances, 9 Gold Gloves, and role in the winning of 2 World Series titles has quantified his significant character in the history of the first 20 years of 21st century baseball.
Yadier Molina's 2,000th hit on September 24, 2020 made him one of just 12 catchers in MLB history to get there. Yadier becomes the 17th player to record his 2,000th hit as a Cardinal. Molina is one of only six players in Cardinals franchise history to collect all 2,000 hits with the St. Louis Cardinals. Yadier Molina recorded his 100th postseason hit during the 2020 NL Wild Card Series and during the same game marked the veteran catcher’s 100th career postseason game. Molina’s played all of them with the Cardinals, and the number ranks sixth all time in Major League Baseball, behind Derek Jeter (158), Jorge Posada (125), Bernie Williams (121), David Justice (112) and Manny Ramirez (111).
A summary of milestones include nine Rawlings Gold Gloves and six Fielding Bible Awards. A two-time World Series champion, he is a prominent figure in eleven Cardinals playoff appearances and four National League (NL) pennants, and a two-time silver medalist with Puerto Rico. Molina is a key figure in 21st century postseason history.

A St. Louis [[journalist]] stated in 2020 speaking of Yadier Molina; "I don't know if there's ever been a 38-year-old catcher in better shape in the history of baseball." Referring to when the 38-year-old crouched behind home plate on opening day for the 16th straight season as a member of the Cardinals, a record for most consecutive Opening Day starts by a catcher in baseball history.

Molina bats and throws right-handed, stands 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall, and weighs approximately 205 pounds.

==Awards and accomplishments==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ '''Championships earned or shared'''
|-
!Title
!Number of times achieved
!Dates
|-
| [[National League]] champion
| style="text-align:center;"| 4
| 2004, 2006, 2011, 2013
|
|-
| [[World Series]] champion
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2006, 2011
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Awards, honors, and exhibition team selections
!Number of times achieved
!Dates
|-
| All-World Baseball Classic Team
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2013, 2017
|-
| ''Baseball America'' Award for Best Defensive Catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2014, 2015
|-
| Baseball Writers' Association of America [[St. Louis]] Baseball Man of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| The Cardinal Nation/Scout.com St. Louis Cardinals Player of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| Darryl Kile Good Guy Award
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2015
|-
| Fielding Bible Award at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 6
| 2007−10, 2012, 2013
|-
| GIBBY/Baseball Award for Defensive Player of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| Major League Baseball All-Star
| style="text-align:center;"| 9
| 2009−2015, 2017–2018
|-
| MLB Japan Series All-Star
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2018 MLB Japan All-Star Series
|-
| Rawlings Gold Glove Award at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 9
| 2008−15, 2018
|-
| Rawlings Platinum Glove Award
| style="text-align:center;"| 4
| 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015
|-
| [[Roberto Clemente]] Award
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2018
|-
| Silver Slugger Award at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2013
|-
| The Sporting News National League All-Star at catcher
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2009
|-
| Wilson Sporting Goods Cardinals' Defensive Player of the Year
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2012, 2013
|-
| World Baseball Classic silver medalist (with Team Puerto Rico)
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2013, 2017
|}

===Records===
;MLB records
* Consecutive playoff games started, 101
* Platinum Glove awards won, 4
* Consecutive Opening Day starts at catcher, 16 (2005–20)

;St. Louis Cardinals records
* Consecutive seasons leading the team in batting average as catcher, 2
* Gold Gloves won as catcher, 9
* Defensive runs saved as catcher, 120
* Playoff appearances as catcher, 8
* Playoff hits for career, 100

===Statistical achievements===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;"
|-
!Category
!# of Times
!Dates
|-
! style="background:#dde;" colspan="3"| All National League players
|-
| Defensive Wins Above Replacement (dWAR)
| style="text-align:center;"| 6
| 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013
|-
| Wins Above Replacement (WAR)
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2012
|-
! style="background:#dde;" colspan="3"| National League top-five fielding leader as catcher
|-
| Assists
| style="text-align:center;"| 8 ('''3''')
| 2005−'''10''', '''2012''', 2013
|-
| Caught stealing
| style="text-align:center;"| 7
| 2005−07, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2017
|-
| Caught stealing percentage
| style="text-align:center;"| 10 ('''4''')
| '''2005'''−'''10''', 2012−15
|-
| Double plays
| style="text-align:center;"| 6 ('''3''')
| 2010, '''2012'''−'''15''', '''2017'''
|-
| Errors
| style="text-align:center;"| 3
| 2005, 2008, 2017
|-
| Fielding percentage
| style="text-align:center;"| 7 ('''2''')
| 2006, 2009, 2010, 2012−'''14''', '''2016'''
|-
| Games played
| style="text-align:center;"| 9 ('''6''')
| 2006, '''2009'''−'''13''', '''2015'''−'''17'''
|-
| Passed balls
| style="text-align:center;"| 4 ('''1''')
| '''2005''', 2006, 2010, 2016
|-
| Putouts
| style="text-align:center;"| 7 ('''3''')
| 2009, 2010, 2012, '''2013''', '''2015''', '''2016''', 2017
|-
| Stolen bases allowed
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2016
|-
| Total zone runs
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 ('''7''')
| '''2005'''−15, 2017
|-
! style="background:#dde;" colspan="3"| National League top-ten batting leader
|-
| At bat-to-strikeout ratio
| style="text-align:center;"| 8
| 2008−13, 2015, 2016
|-
| Adjusted OPS
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2012
|-
| Batting average
| style="text-align:center;"| 4
| 2011−13, 2016
|-
| Doubles
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2013, 2016
|-
| Double plays grounded into
| style="text-align:center;"| 6
| 2007−11, 2016
|-
| Offensive WAR
| style="text-align:center;"| 1
| 2012
|-
| Sacrifice flies
| style="text-align:center;"| 2
| 2015, 2017
|-
|colspan="3" style="font-size:85%"|''Notes:'' '''Bold''' — league leader.
|}
[[File:DSC00636 Yadier Molina.jpg|thumbnail|St. Louis Cardinals gold glove catcher Yadier Molina at Busch Stadium]]
== Foundation ==
Yadier and his wife, Wanda, started the Fundación 4, a 501 (c) (3) nonprofit charity founded in 2010. The name “Fundacion 4” is in the representation of Yadi's #4 uniform number. Its main mission is to create happier lives and futures for underprivileged children in Puerto Rico., which benefits " Molina's charitable organization, which helped to raise donations for childhood cancer patients in Puerto Rico.

As part of his Fundacion 4, Molina spent time delivering supplies, water, and food to people still recovering from the impact of Hurricane Maria in September 2018.

==Family and personal life==
[[Image:Puerto Rico flag.png|left|75px]]
Molina resides in Vega Alta, on the northern coast of Puerto Rico during the offseason and stays in a $2.2 million Creve Coeur Missouri home as of Oct 2015. Molina previously stayed in Caseyville, Illinois, during the baseball season until 2015. He married his wife Wanda Torres in 2007 and the couple have three children. On September 4, 2008, they had a son named Yanuell; on July 4, 2010, a daughter named Arianna; and on February 6, 2016, a son named Daniel Benjamin. After signing his $75 million contract in 2012, Molina purchased a home on a four-acre property at the address of 6431 River Pointe Way in Jupiter, Florida, for $7.15 million. The home details according to public records show its an eight-bedroom, seven-and-a-half-bathroom home. In September 2020 Yadier Molina sold this Jupiter riverfront Jupiter estate mansion for $8-Million dollars. This means Molina and his wife sold the house for $800K more than they paid in 2012, which includes a guest house, and baseball diamond.

Yadier Molina is a [[Christian]] and has spoken to Cardinal Fans regarding his faith on Christian Family Day at Busch Stadium.

Molina's agent is Melvin Roman of MDR Sports Management. Roman, who owns a baseball player representation firm in Puerto Rico has represented Molina since he signed his first professional contract with the Cardinals shortly after being drafted in 2000.

Molina is an avid fan of the NHL team [[St. Louis Blues]], and attends games frequently. Molina is close friends with Vladimir Tarasenko. A 3D art piece was specially created by Steven Walden featuring an embellished canvas print with the two players in action with the St. Louis gateway Arch and courthouse in the middle of the piece. The original work is autographed by Yadier Molina and Vladimir Tarasenko and JSA certified.

Yadier Molina's two older brothers, Bengie and José Molina, are the only trio of brothers to play as catchers in Major league baseball. Bengie Molina played multiple seasons in the major leagues with the [[Los Angeles Angels|Anaheim Angels]] (1998–2005), [[Toronto Blue Jays]] (2006), [[San Francisco Giants]] (2007–2010), [[Texas Rangers]] (2010). Due to having played for both Giants and Rangers during the 2010 season, Bengie Molina was guaranteed to receive a World Series ring regardless of whether his current or former team won the World Series.

Each of the three brothers has won at least one World Series ring, making them the only trio of brothers with such a distinction (Bengie and José both won their first ring while with the Anaheim Angels in 2002 as the catching duo).

Yadier's brother, José Molina played multiple seasons in the major leagues with the [[Chicago Cubs]] (1999), [[Los Angeles Angels|Anaheim Angels]] (2001–2007), [[New York Yankees]] (2007–2009), [[Toronto Blue Jays]] (2010–2011), [[Tampa Bay Rays]] (2012–2014). José won a second ring with the 2009 New York Yankees.

Yadier and his two brothers had a father named Benjamín Molina, who organized youth baseball teams in Bayamón [[Puerto Rico]] even up to his death. Benjamín Molina was tending to a baseball field when he passed away from a heart attack on October 11, 2008.

== External links ==
* [https://www.yadiermolina4.com/ Fundación 4 nonprofit charity founded by Yadier and his wife Wanda Torres]
* [https://therealdeal.com/miami/2020/09/28/baseball-player-yadier-molina-sells-jupiter-mansion-for-8m/ Yadier Molina sells Jupiter Florida mansion]
* [https://allfans.co/molina-hits-100th-postseason-milestone-twice/ Molina hits 100th postseason milestone twice]
* [https://www.radio.com/kmox/articles/news/cardinals-catcher-will-break-an-mlb-record-on-opening-day Molina breaks an mlb record on opening-day]

[[Category:Baseball Players]]
[[Category:Christians]]
[[Category:Puerto Rico]]
[[Category:Latinos]]

To Inflict

2020-11-26T00:13:53Z

Technotronical: Added picture file for movie still in a caption box

{{Infobox Film
| name= To Inflict
| image=To Inflict film poster 2013.jpg
| caption=
| director=Elizabeth Wiegard
| producer=[[Bryan Kreutz]] Brayden Patterson Don Burnett Destiny Graham Joe McGettigan
| writer=Elizabeth Wiegard [[Bryan Kreutz]](Story) Brayden Patterson(Story)
| narrator=
| starring=Mark Holzum Chloe Futhey Rena Stephens Eric Warrington Neil McDonald Rylee Cravens 
| music= Benjamin Young
| cinematography= Michelle Manott
| editing= Elizabeth Wiegard
| distributor=
| released=January 19, 2013
| runtime=23 min
| country=[[United States]]
| language=[[English]]
| budget=
| gross=
| preceded_by=
| followed_by=
| website=
| amg_id2=
| imdb_id=2611764
}}

''''To Inflict'''' is a short film written and directed by Elizabeth Wiegard and produced by [[Bryan Kreutz]] and Brayden Patterson and Don Burnett.

A road rage-themed [[film]], To Inflict is 23 minutes in length. The film was shot in Granite City, [[Illinois]] and [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]] over seven eight-hour days. The film was originally supposed to be longer, but was slimmed down due to time constraints of real-life situations placed into a short film format for festival entries. The film is little known, released in 2013, premiering at Granite City [[Cinema]]. The Short film is also an official October 2013 Indie Fest USA film selection at the festival in Garden Grove, [[California]].

==Synopsis==
Gage Bladik whose anger issues threaten to upset the relationships in his life. Themes include that of brotherly love, and the desire to change oneself for another person. Gage and his autistic brother Tommy lost their parents at a young age. Gage, now a young man who was raised to be a resilient self-Reliant child, has underlying anger and road rage issues. Gage's Fiance Chelsea Sanworth works with him to curb his temper. She loves him but fears their relationship is turning into a violent one. As a result, she offers an ultimatum on their impending marriage: get help, or the wedding is off. Gage Bladik is an on edge office worker by day and a riled up Road Rager by night. The film brings viewers inside the life of two individuals and how the anger affects both themselves and the lives around them. The story is depicted through a first hand set of experiences inside the life of Gage Bladik that evokes emotional responses for reasons why he has anger. Gage's backstory shows him caring for his highly autistic brother who's reliant completely on Gage, his caring for him, then showing viewers the stress moments he must endure to the relationship he has with his Fiance, and Psychiatric help that places him among high-anger reasons for having road rage. Moreover the impact-full nature of the often overlooked topics of anger, cause and effect and road rage occur throughout the film.
[[File:To Inflict film production still with actor Mark Holzum and actress Chloe Futhey.jpg|thumbnail|"To Inflict" film production still with actor Mark Holzum and actress Chloe Futhey]]
==Cast==
*Mark Holzum as (Gage Bladik)
*Chloe Futhey as (Chelsea Sanworth)
*Rena Stephens as(Psychiatrist)
*Eric Warrington as (Tommy Bladik)
*Chris Pickup as (Guillotine Griego)
*Neil McDonald as (Mr. Berman/Mr.Sanworth)
*[[Rylee Cravens]] as (Summer - Office Intern)
*Molly Cravens as (Piper - Barista)
*[[Bryan Kreutz]] as (Coffee customer commenter)
*[[Erin Morris]] as (Webcam Kid)
*Brayden Patterson as (Gamer)
*Joe McGettigan as (Office Employee)

==Festival and Theatrical release==
*Official Selection - Indie Fest USA Int'l Film Festival, 2013
*Theatrical Release Premiere - Granite City Cinema, 2013

==Producers==
[[File:To Inflict - S1T2 with clapper board.jpg|thumbnail|The second take of the very first scene filmed on October 28, 2012 for the St. Louis independent short film "To Inflict". "Piper" the barista, played by actress Molly Cravens interacts in this scene with the customers.]]
''''To Inflict'''' Executive Producer Don Burnett played an integral role in helping finance and propel the film into a film festival success. Burnett who holds a BA, MA and PhD in education only started into film-making a few years before the "To Inflict" release. Burnett began a career in education which included being a teacher and principal of the Year at the National Press Club in [[Washington D.C.]], Burnett was also professor of foreign language in [[Brazil]] and [[China]] and finally the Educational Consultant to the [[Episcopal]] Bishop of the Diocese of [[Rio de Janeiro]].

Culminating over 60 TV episodes as a producer, director and writer Bryan Kreutz, along with Brayden Patterson started the story-boarding and story concepts for "To Inflict" to be a short film in the fall of 2012. Kreutz and Patterson's focus on the story was particularly on the dangers of road-rage and anger in our society along with how it affects those we are close to. The two wrote the story, handing the concept to writer/director Elizabeth Wiegard to write the dialogue with a full script for the short film when she graduated straight out of college in [[St. Louis]].

==External links==

*[http://toinflict.yolasite.com To Inflict official Website]
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2611764/ To Inflict at the Internet Movie Database IMDb]
*[http://www.stltoday.com/suburban-journals/illinois/news/granite-city-man-s-short-film-features-local-backdrops/article_83be093b-90e1-59f2-9c40-a4627a5225c8.html STL Today story on film and writers]
*[http://www.bnd.com/entertainment/tv/article201355454.html Belleville News Democrat story on cast and film]
*[https://archive.org/details/to-inflict-2013-short-film-teaser-trailer-2 Internet Archive trailers 1 and 2]

[[Category:Movies]]
[[Category:English-language films]]

Star Trek: The Original Series

2020-11-24T00:19:56Z

Technotronical: Updated page with links to Conservapedia notable Star Trek Original Series episode pages

'''''Star Trek''''' was a 1960s television series about space explorers in the 23rd century.
The series was simply called ''Star Trek'' when it first aired and is still billed as such onscreen, but is now often referred to as ''The Original Series'' when distinguishing it from other ''[[Star Trek]]'' series produced later.

The series introduced characters that subsequently became household names, such as [[Captain Kirk]] (played by [[William Shatner]]) and [[Spock]], the half-human half-Vulcan first officer (played by [[Leonard Nimoy]]).

== Broadcast ==
The [[American]]-produced series was created by [[Gene Roddenberry]], and premiered in the United States on [[NBC]] on September 8, 1966 and ended June 3, 1969.

The show, set in the 23rd century, featured a crew of space explorers traveling around the galaxy in a ''Constitution''-class starship called the ''USS Enterprise NCC-1701''. The show did not immediately catch on with viewers and was cancelled due to low ratings, but soon established a strong following in syndication that saw the show become much more popular than it had ever been in its original run. The original TV show became a franchise. Many different spin-offs of the original program have since been made, one of which, ''Star Trek: Enterprise'', was a prequel with the original ''Enterprise'' starship (registered as NX-01).

In September 2006, a digitally remastered high definition version of ''Star Trek: The Original Series'' was released in [[broadcast syndication]] by CBS Paramount Domestic Television (now CBS Television Distribution). The remastered series includes new CGI visual effects (including new outer space shots with an updated ''Enterprise'', alien planets and spaceships all rendered in CGI), updated visual effects (like the transporter beam and phaser shots) and matte backgrounds, some recomposed scenes with new actors digitally inserted in the background and the show's iconic opening theme re-recorded in digital stereo. In its remastered version, it has aired in syndication in both a standard 4:3 format (which it currently airs in on [[MeTV]]) and a high definition 16:9 format (which is the version used on Blu-ray releases of the series, in digital downloads from [[iTunes]] and in online streaming from [[Netflix]]).

== ''The Original Series'' ==
The main characters from the original series were:

*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk|Captain James T. Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock|Mr. Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy|Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty|Lt. Cmdr. Montgomery "Scotty" Scott]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu|Lt. Hikaru Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov|Ensign Pavel Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura|Lt. Nyota Uhura]]

== Movies ==
The original series spawned six films, as well as a reboot.

*''Star Trek: The Motion Picture'' (1979)
*''Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan'' (1982)
*''Star Trek III: The Search for Spock'' (1984)
*''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' (1986)
*''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' (1989)
*''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' (1991)

William Shatner, James Doohan, and Walter Koenig would reprise their roles as Kirk, Scott, and Chekov in ''Star Trek: Generations'' (1994), the first movie to feature the cast from ''Star Trek: The Next Generation''.

=== Kelvin Timeline Films ===
*''Star Trek'' (2009)
*''Star Trek Into Darkness'' (2013)
*''Star Trek Beyond'' (2016)
*''Star Trek XIV'' (TBA)

== See also ==
* [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek]]
* [[The Trouble With Tribbles]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek (original series)]]
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

== External links ==
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0060028/ IMDB website (Original Series)]
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0060028/videogallery The complete series, uploaded to IMDB]

[[Category:Star Trek]]
[[Category:Greatest Conservative TV Shows]]
[[Category:Television Shows]]
[[Category:Animated Movies]]
[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Fiction]]
[[Category:Survivalist Fiction]]
[[Category:Dystopian Fiction]]
[[Category:1960s]]

Star Trek franchise

2020-11-24T00:12:12Z

Technotronical: Updated page with notable episodes and links to the Conservapedia Star Trek Original Series episode pages

''This article is an overview of all the Star Trek productions. For the original television series, see [[Star Trek (original series)]]''
[[Image:startrektoscast.jpg|thumb|right|The crew of the Enterprise from the original 1960s show.]]
The '''''Star Trek'' franchise''' began with ''[[Star Trek (1966-69)|Star Trek]]'', a television series produced by [[Gene Roddenberry]] (1966–69), and includes four other TV series and several movies.
These [[television]] series and [[movie]]s are set in a science fantasy future when mankind is exploring the [[galaxy]] in spaceships and encountering other sentient inhabitants of the galaxy.

''Star Trek'' has a large following among fans (known as "Trekkies"), with books, magazines, websites, and conventions.

== The series ==

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right"
|-
! Series name || Original air dates || Number of episodes
|-
| ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek]]'' (TOS) || 1966-1969 || style="text-align:right" | 80  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' (TAS) || 1973-1974 || style="text-align:right" | 22  
|-
| ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' (TNG) || 1987-1994 || style="text-align:right" | 178  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' (DS9) || 1993-1999 || style="text-align:right" | 176  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Voyager'' (VOY) || 1995-2001 || style="text-align:right" | 172  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' (ENT) || 2001-2005 || style="text-align:right" | 98  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Discovery'' (DSC) || 2017-present || style="text-align:right" | 42+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Picard'' (PIC) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 10+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Lower Decks'' (LD) || 2020-present || style="text-align:right"| 10+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Prodigy'' (PRO) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10+  
|-
| ''Star Trek: Strange New Worlds'' (SNW) || 2021-present || style="text-align:right"| 10+  
|}

Eight live-action series have been made or announced, plus three animated series. Additionally there are three Star Trek companion series which include: After Trek, Star Trek: Short Treks, and The Ready Room.

=== ''The Original Series'' ===
{{main|Star Trek (original series)}}

The [[Star Trek (original series)|original series]] has the mostly-[[human]] crew of the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'' exploring the galaxy and performing various missions for ''Starfleet'', the authority which controls the ship.
These missions may be diplomatic or defensive, particularly in connection with the hostile races, the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Klingon|Klingon]]s and the [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Romulan|Romulan]]s. Joined by Mr. Spock (half-Vulcan- and half-Human) and Dr. McCoy, Capt. James T. Kirk leads the crew of the USS Enterprise on an intergalactic search for new worlds and new civilizations.

Cast
*[[William Shatner]] as [[Captain Kirk]]
*[[Leonard Nimoy]] as [[Spock]]
*DeForest Kelley as [[Dr. McCoy]]
*James Doohan as [[Scotty]]
*[[George Takei]] as [[Sulu]]
*Walter Koenig as [[Chekov]]
*Nichelle Nichols as [[Uhura]]

Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek (original series)]]
{| class="wikitable" style="float:light"
|-Notable episodes from [[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: (original series)]]
! Episode name || Original air date || (TOS) Season Number
|-
| ''[[Mudd's Women]]'' (TOS) || October 13, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[The Enemy Within]]'' (TOS) || October 6, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Charlie X]]'' (TOS) || September 15, 1966 || style="text-align:right" | 1  
|-
| ''[[Amok Time]]'' (TOS) || September 15,1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Trouble With Tribbles]]'' (TOS) || December 29, 1967 || style="text-align:right" | 2  
|-
| ''[[The Tholian Web]]'' (TOS) || November 15, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|-
| ''[[The Enterprise Incident]]'' (TOS) || September 27, 1968 || style="text-align:right" | 3  
|}

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
''The Next Generation'' followed the theme of the original series, but set about 100 years later with a new crew and a new ship, also named the U.S.S. ''Enterprise'', specifically the U.S.S. ''Enterprise''-D. By this time, the Klingons were at peace with the Federation, and the crew included a Klingon security officer Worf, as well as various other non-human races.
Also on the crew was ''Data'', an android.

The Ferengi were introduced, and were initially meant to be villains. However, as the series went on, they became a more comical foe. The Cardassians, who would go on to play a major role in ''Deep Space Nine,'' became villains in the later years of the series. A major foe introduced with this series was the [[Borg]], a "collective" of [[drone]]s, beings from various races who were "assimilated" into the collective.
When encountering another spaceship, the Borg would often introduce themselves with the statement "''"We are the Borg. You will be assimilated. Resistance is futile!''". The "resistance is futile" phrase has since entered popular culture.

The omnipotent character "Q", with his fascination of Captain Picard and putting humanity on trial had an everlasting impact on the series. Q’s appearance in the 1994 series finale titled “All Good Things…” acted as the perfect bookend to the series, which began with “Encounter at Farpoint” in 1987.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard]]
*[[Jonathan Frakes]] as Commander William T. Riker
*Levar Burton as Lieutenant Commander Geordi La Forge
*Michael Dorn as Lieuteanant Worf
*[[Gates McFadden]] as Dr. Beverly Crusher
*Marina Sirtis as Counselor Deanna Troi
*Brent Spiner as Lieuteant Commander Data
*Wil Wheaton as Ensign [[Wesley Crusher]] (Seasons 1-4)
*Denise Crosby as Lieuteant Tasha Yar (Season 1)

=== ''Deep Space Nine'' ===
''Deep Space Nine'' was the fourth Star Trek series and entered production in 1992. It was broadcast in first-run syndication from January 1993 until June 1999.
Unlike each of the other series, ''Deep Space Nine'' was set on a space station near the planet Bajor, about a year before ''Next Generation'' finished its run.
The station, originally built by the Cardassians, was administered by Starfleet and with a mixed Starfleet and Bajoran workforce.

The space station protected the only known stable [[wormhole]] through which ships could pass to another part of the galaxy.
The commanding officer at the rank of commander, rather than captain, for a significant portion of its early run is Benjamin Sisko, who was eventually promoted to captain in the 3rd season episode titled "The Adversary". Other Federation officers assigned were Science Officer Jadzia Dax, Chief Medical officer Julian Bashir.
Miles O'Brien, and later Worf, were two characters imported from TNG. Worf – a major character from TNG – played a large role on DS9.
One of the characters on the space station was a "shape-shifter" named Odo, a being that could assume any form as the chief of station security in the Bajoran Militia. The first officer was a non-starfleet officer in the Bajoran Militia named Kira
Several Next Generation characters also had recurring roles on the show, such as Keiko O'Brien and the Klingon Gowron.

The starship USS Defiant was introduced in season 3, but the station remained the primary setting of the series.

Cast

*Avery Brooks as Commander/Captain Benjamin Sisko
*Rene Auberjonois as Odo
*Nicole de Boer as Ensign/Lieutenant jg Ezri Dax (1998-1999)
*Michael Dorn as Lt. Commander Worf (1995-1999)
*Siddig El Fadil as Doctor Bashir
*Terry Farrell as Lieutenant/Lt. Commander Jadzia Dax (1993-1998)
*Cirroc Lofton as Jake Sisko
*Colm Meaney as Chief O'Brien
*Armin Shimerman as Quark
*Nana Visitor as Major/Colonel Kira

=== ''Voyager'' ===
''Voyager'' was the name of a Starfleet ship that became trapped in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant (with Earth being in the Alpha Quadrant), and the series revolved around the crew's attempts to return home, encountering many new races along the way.
The series was set around the same time as ''Deep Space 9''.

The Intrepid-class Federation starship USS Voyager was a ship built to return to Starfleet's founding principle of scientific exploration. Led by Captain Kathryn Janeway. On the ship's first mission while departing the space station Deep Space 9, which required it to find and capture a Maquis vessel that disappeared into the treacherous Badlands, the crew of Voyager, as well as that of the Maquis ship it was pursuing, were swept clear across the galaxy and deep into the Delta Quadrant. This was the doing of a powerful alien being known as the Caretaker. The seventy thousand light year transit cost the lives of over a dozen crew members including lieutenant commander Cavit, who was Kathryn Janeway's first officer on the newly-commissioned USS Voyager. After his death, Cavit was later replaced as first officer by Chakotay, who was granted the provisional rank of Commander, as a Maquis leader, even though he left Starfleet years earlier, having been stranded with his Maquis crew alongside Voyager in an uncharted part of the galaxy.

The part of the galaxy ''Voyager'' was trapped in was on the far side of the galaxy from which the Borg originated, and they needed to enter the Borg area to return home. For this reason, the Borg is an enemy they encounter numerous times. ''Voyager'' features the Borg more than either ''The Next Generation'' or ''Deep Space Nine'' had.
Additionally, one of the characters who joins the series part way through is "Seven of Nine" (born Annika Hansen), a former Borg drone, originally human, who is largely transformed back into a human, although retaining some of the Borg implants and struggling to adapt to human society, having been assimilated into the Borg at a young age. ''Voyager'' also featured a female captain, Kathryn Janeway.

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway
*Robert Beltran as Commander Chakotay
*Roxann Biggs-Dawson as Lieutenant B'Elanna Torres
*Jennifer Lien as Kes (Seasons 1-3)
*Robert Duncan McNeill as Lieutenant Tom Paris
*Ethan Phillips as Neelix
*Robert Picardo as The Doctor
*Tim Russ as Lieutenant Commander Tuvok
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine (Seasons 4-7)
*Garrett Wang as Ensign Harry Kim

=== ''Enterprise'' ===
[[Image:Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek Enterprise with Scott Bakula.jpg|thumb|300px|Luc Robitaille holds the Stanley Cup championship Trophy he brought to the set of Star Trek: Enterprise as he poses with Scott Bakula in 2002]]
''Enterprise'' is set roughly a century prior to ''The Original Series'', at a time when the United Federation of Planets has not yet been formed, and when humans are first starting to travel well beyond Earth, and develop much of the technology that would be common-place in series set later. The mostly-human crew Under the command of United Earth Starfleet is led by Captain Archer, "Trip" Tucker, Reed, Mayweather, and communications officer Hoshi Sato, who travel in a ship also named ''Enterprise''. The other main crew members, not in Starfleet and not human are a Vulcan science officer named T'Pol and a Denobulan doctor named Phlox. The ship formally known as Enterprise NX-01 served a more diplomatic role in the service of United Earth, easing relations between the Vulcans, the Andorians, and the Tellarites, thereby also paving the way toward a Coalition of Planets, an alliance that would lead to the founding of the United Federation of Planets.

The 57th episode of the series in the 3rd season, titled “Exile”, directed by former ''Star Trek: Voyager'' series regular Roxann Dawson, First aired October 15, 2003. This was the first episode and remaining point in a Star Trek series to air in high definition format. Enterprise accomplished a number of technical firsts for a Star Trek series. The series was also the first to be produced in widescreen format.

Cast

*Scott Bakula as Capt. Jonathan Archer
*John Billingsley as Dr. Phlox
*Jolene Blalock as Sub-Cmdr. T'Pol
*Dominic Keating as Lt. Malcolm Reed
*Anthony Montgomery as Ensign Travis Mayweather
*Linda Park as Ensign Hoshi Sato
*Connor Trinneer as Cmdr. Charles 'Trip' Tucker III

=== ''Discovery''===
''Discovery'' is set a decade before the Original Series. It follows a war between the Klingons and the Federation. The crew of the USS Discovery investigate seven mysterious red signals spread across 30,000 lightyears. Michael Burnham herself set all seven red signals. The Red Angel suit was the centerpiece of the Section 31 Daedalus Project and is capable of a giant electromagnetic pulse. Time crystals used to fuel the suit proved hard to procure, but a young Section 31 operative named Leland learns that one such crystal was being sold on the black market near an Orion outpost and managed to steal it. The time crystal was brought to Doctari Alpha, where a scheduled nearby supernova would provide the energy for a test. With the suit on the verge of being tested, the Klingons attacked the outpost after tracking the crystal. The Burnhams, along with young Michael Burnham in 2236 stationed on the outpost by Leland, were believed killed in the attack, which was later described as a Klingon terror raid. Michael Burnham was then raised on Vulcan by Sarek and Amanda Grayson along with foster brothers Spock and Sybok and was the first Human to ever attend the Vulcan Learning Center.

The story of Discovery follows female 23rd century Human Starfleet officer Michael Burnham, Jr. As a commander, she served as the first officer aboard the USS Shenzhou in 2256 who is then stripped of rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for mutiny, but she gained a second chance when she was assigned to the USS Discovery as a specialist. In collaboration with Tilly and Paul Stamets, Burnham discovered the tardigrade's connection to the mycelial network, which enabled the full utilization of a spore drive in order to stop the Klingon attack on Corvan II.

Control, Section 31's threat assessment system relying on artificial intelligence would ultimately betray Starfleet and massacre the crew of Section 31 Headquarters later possessing Leland who tries to kill Burnham and her team. Control was finally dismantled and neutralized, and the USS Discovery traveled 930 years into the future to prevent it from reasserting itself.

Cast
*Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham
*Doug Jones as Saru
*Anthony Rapp as Paul Stamets
*Mary Wiseman as Sylvia Tilly
*Emily Coutts as Lt. Keyla Detmer
*Oyin Oladejo as Lt. Joann Owosekun
*Shazad Latif as Ash Tyler / Voq
*Patrick Kwok-Choon as Lt. Gen Rhys
*Ronnie Rowe as Lt. R.A. Bryce
*Sara Mitich as Airiam (Season 1) / Lt. Nilsson (Season 2)
*Wilson Cruz as Dr. Hugh Culber
*Michelle Yeoh as Philippa Georgiou / Philippa Georgiou (mirror universe)

===''Picard''===
''Picard'' is set in the year 2399, 20 years after the events of ''Star Trek Nemesis.'' Jean-Luc Picard, who had been promoted to Admiral in the years since ''Nemesis,'' is now retired and running his family's vineyard in France. However, when a young woman named Dahj Asha comes to ask for his help, he returns to Starfleet to ask for help, but doesnt get their suppport.

Picard finds reason to believe Dahj is connected to former android Data and feels compelled to help her, but while visiting Starfleet headquarters for support, she is killed by a mysterious force outside the facility.

On an abandoned Borg cube known as the Artifact, Soji Asha (an apparent twin sister of Dahj) works for a Borg Reclamation Project, which is an independent organization operating at this Romulan run Reclamation Site. It was overseen by an executive director, which in 2399 was Hugh, himself a former Borg drone, rescued by Picards Enterprise years ago in Star Trek: The Next Generation.

Without Starfleet's support, Picard is left to recruit a crew of his own: Human cyberneticist Dr. Agnes Jurati, who worked at the Daystrom Institute was recruited out of Starfleet by Bruce Maddox to aid him in his android research. Jurati subsequently appeared at Château Picard in the midst of an attack by Romulan assassins and joins Picard for his mission. Estranged former colleague Raffi Musiker, who once served in Starfleet under Admiral Jean-Luc Picard, helped formulate a new plan to evacuate Romulans from the Romulan supernova after the 2385 Attack on Mars destroyed the Romulan rescue armada pilot. Musiker described her life after Starfleet as "one long slide into humiliation and rage". By 2399, she lived alone in a small house at Vasquez Rocks [[California]] where Picard comes to recruit her for his misson. Cristóbal Rios, former Starfleet commander and first officer of the USS ibn Majid, is recruited by Picard after Picard learns that Rios had become acquainted with Raffi Musiker who says she knows this pilot with his own starship called the La Sirena. Rios, serving with his fully utilized Emergency Hologram basic installation, each of which was programmed in his own image agrees to Picard's terms to aid him in his search for Bruce Maddox.

The young Qowat Milat-trained martial artist Elnor, and a rescued Fenris Ranger Seven of Nine also join Picard and his team, aboard the civilian freighter La Sirena to track Bruce Maddox to Freecloud, believed to be key to finding and protecting Soji. Their fight to protect Soji takes them to the Artifact, Nepenthe, and Coppelius, where Picard and his crew come head to head with the mysterious forces threatening Soji and other forces threatening the galaxy.

Cast
*[[Patrick Stewart]] as [[Captain Jean-Luc Picard|Jean-Luc Picard]]
*Alison Pill as Dr. Agnes Jurati
*Isa Briones as Soji Asha/ Dahj Asha / Sutra
*Michelle Hurd as Raffi Musiker
*Santiago Cabrera as Cristóbal Rios
*Harry Treadaway as Narek
*Evan Evagora as Elnor
*Peyton List as Lieutenant Narissa Rizzo
*Tamlyn Tomita as Commodore Oh
*Jeri Ryan as Seven of Nine

===''Lower Decks''===
''Lower Decks'' is the second series to be entirely animated, after Star Trek: The Animated Series, with episodes running half an hour. The show takes place aboard the California-class USS Cerritos on the "lower decks". The show's time period is described as the The Next Generation era, more specifically 2380, after Star Trek Nemesis. The series follows the support crew of Ensigns Mariner, Boimler, Rutherford, and Tendi on the lower decks and their contributions, often comically, to help the the command crew of the USS Cerritos.

The support crew serving on one of Starfleet's least important ships, the U.S.S. Cerritos, have to keep up with their duties, even when distracted by their endeavors to rarely go where no one has gone before. Yet often while the ship is being rocked by a multitude of sci-fi anomalies. Ensign Boimler, who is supposed to be on shore leave, is discovered by Ensign Mariner in a storage closet pretending to do a captains log when she tries to pry the PADD out of his hands to listen to it as an example of their friendship and uncharismatic moments as they grow as officers in Starfleet.

Cast
*Tawny Newsome as Ensign Beckett Mariner
*Jack Quaid as Ensign Brad Boimler
*Noël Wells as Ensign D'Vana Tendi
*Eugene Cordero as Ensign Samanthan "Sam" Rutherford
*Dawnn Lewis as Captain Carol Freeman
*Jerry O'Connell as Commander Jack Ransom
*Fred Tatasciore as Lieutenant Shaxs (Season 1)
*Gillian Vigman as Dr. T'Ana

===''Prodigy''===
''Prodigy'' is the third series to be entirely animated, after Star Trek: The Animated Series, and Star Trek: Lower Decks, with episodes running half an hour. Star Trek: Prodigy will air on Nickelodeon in 2021 and focus on a group of lawless teenage characters finding a derelict Starfleet ship which they use to "search for adventure, meaning and salvation".

Cast

*Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway

===''Strange New Worlds''===
''Strange New Worlds'' will follow Captain Pike, Science Officer Spock, and Number One in the decade before Captain Kirk boarded the USS Enterprise, as they explore new worlds around the galaxy. With episodes running one hour, SNW will air on Paramount Plus streaming service.

Cast

*Anson Mount as Christopher Pike
*Ethan Peck as Spock
*Rebecca Romijn as Una, also known as Number One

== The Movies ==
[[Image:Ricardo Montalban as Khan behind the scenes unlicensed picture.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Ricardo Montalban as Khan in [[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)]]]]
Twelve ''Star Trek'' movies have been produced. ''Star Trek I-VI'' follow the original cast after the events of the original series. ''Star Trek: Generations'' to ''Star Trek: Nemesis'' follow the cast of ''The Next Generation'' (although ''Generations'' featured William Shatner, James Doohan and Walter Koenig). A common trend for the first ten films is the even numbered films tend to be better received critically than the odd numbered films. However, ''Star Trek Nemesis'', the tenth film, was not well-received. ''Star Trek'', ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', and ''Star Trek Beyond'' act as reboots and prequels to the original series. The films are referred to as "The Kelvin Timeline."<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/27/bye-bye-abramsverse-alternate-star-trek-timeline-gets-official-name/</ref> They are also more action-oriented, and are said by many to be similar to ''Star Wars'' in that sense. They also act as sequels, as an older version of Spock appears in both films, coming from the year 2387, eight years after the events of ''Star Trek: Nemesis.''

{| class="wikitable"
!Movie Name || Date of Release || MPAA Rating
|-
|''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture (film, 1979)|Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'' || December 7, 1979 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (film, 1982)|Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'' || June 4, 1982 || PG
|-
|''[[Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (film, 1984)|Star Trek III: The Search for Spock]]'' || June 1, 1984 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home'' || November 26, 1986 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'' || June 9, 1989 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country'' || December 6, 1991 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Generations'' || November 18, 1994 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: First Contact'' || November 22, 1996 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek: Insurrection'' || December 11, 1998 || PG
|-
|''Star Trek: Nemesis'' || December 13, 2002 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek'' || May 8, 2009 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Into Darkness'' || May 16, 2013 || PG-13
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond'' || July 22, 2016 || PG-13
|-
|}

== Extraterrestrial life ==
{{main|Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek}}

The drama of the shows typically arises from the crew's contact with various forms of [[extraterrestrial life]], mostly, but not always, [[humanoid]] (e.g. the "Crystalline Entity"). In various ways, the [[premise]] of the [[ancient astronaut theory]] is used to assert the seeding of [[life]] throughout the [[galaxy]] as brought up in ''The Next Generation'', although not to the overt extent of a later, unrelated, TV series, ''[[Stargate SG-1]]''.

== Religion in ''Star Trek'' ==
As a [[humanist]], Gene Roddenberry infused ''Star Trek'' with humanism's dream of a world (or galaxy in this case) where humanity (and many other intelligent beings) were constantly improving the life quality of all beings both through improving technology and improving societal conditions.
People worked together for the common good, rather than for money, and without any class or other distinctions.
This is a small part of what is expected in the Christian view of [[heaven]], except that humanism believes that mankind can achieve this through its own efforts, rather than with the help of God. In reality, however, God is needed for humanity to reach its full potential.

Roddenberry rarely had the shows overtly reject religion, although some episodes would make reference to it as a part of culture. For instance in an episode with a man who could not die, it was noted that in one of his personas in Earth history he had been [[Lazarus]] (who [[Jesus]] raised from the dead). In another episode, a virtual clone of Earth where the [[Roman Empire]] never fell was now chasing down followers of "the son" (which the crew mistook to be "sun") and their message of peace and love instead of violence and oppression.

Roddenberry's initial concept of ''Star Trek'' included a man with pointed ears, angles eyebrows, a tail, and red skin to be the captain's (Kirk's) second in command. This was an intentional imitation of the cultural depiction of Satan. However, others advised him to tone this down lest the Christian population be offended, and he did so. The result was Spock and all other Vulcans.

Later series, under the control of other producers particularly after Roddenberry died, also brought religious concepts into the show, but seldom with the same direct references to Christianity, but rather to more generic religious thought.

=== ''The Next Generation'' ===
An episode of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' has one major example of anti-religion bias. The third-season episode entitled "Who Watches the Watchers," implies that an alien culture discarding religious beliefs is a positive development.
In the episode "Tapestry", Captain Picard dies and goes to the "afterlife" where he meets his erstwhile adversary "Q", who implies that he is God. Picard refuses to believe this, and makes a comment that "The Universe is not so badly run." However the majority of episodes remain silent on religion. In another episode where the ship is trapped and an alien will perform experiments that will kill up to half the crew, Picard discusses with "Data" (actually the alien in disguise) what happens after one dies and says some believe in a god who keeps them in their present form forever and others believe that this is all there is. When questioned further, he says that he finds the universe is too orderly to believe that this is all there is and thinks that we will go on existing in a reality that we cannot currently comprehend.<ref>Episode [http://memory-alpha.org/en/wiki/Where_Silence_Has_Lease Where Silence has Lease] on Memory-Alpha.</ref><ref>[http://tng.trekcore.com/episodes/scripts/128.txt Episode Script]</ref>

=== Bajoran religion ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' included religion more than any other series. An overarching theme of the series was the relation of the main character, Captain Benjamin Sisko, to the Bajoran religion in his role as the emissary to the Bajoran prophets. The prophets were beings who lived in a stable wormhole (a unique phenomenon in the ''Star Trek'' universe referred to by the Bajorans as the Celestial Temple) that perceived all of time as a single event with no concept of past, present, or future. Despite their immense dissimilarity to other races in the galaxy, the Prophets took unusual interest in Bajor, sending "orbs" which were used as tools of prophecy by the Bajoran clergy, and in Sisko who it is revealed exists solely to fulfill a predetermined historical path in an Armageddon-like showdown as the avatar of the prophets against the Pah Wraiths (aliens like the Prophets who were expelled from the Celestial Temple).

=== Other religions ===
''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' also had the Dominion, in which the Founders (shape-shifting aliens sometimes called Changelings) are treated as living gods by the races under their control.

In ''Star Trek: Voyager'', the first officer (Commander Chakotay) repeatedly speaks of and engages in seeking guidance from his "spirit guide." He also introduces others to his pagan belief, including Captain Janeway. He is also able to speak with the dead, such as his father. In the series, this is shown as an interesting but harmless ability, although Christians recognize it to be a representation of demonic activity. As well as being interspersed with other themes in a variety of episodes, almost an entire episode was also dedicated to this religion.

The Klingon religion in various series suggests that the first Klingons realized they had no need for their gods, and killed them, although they still hold to an afterlife where the honorable dead join with the deified Kahless and the dishonorable dead are forced to spend eternity on the Barge of the Dead with the demon-like figure Fecklarr.

The Ferengi (mainly in ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'') had a religion of sorts based on the concept of The Great River (as shown in "Faith, Treachery and The Great River"), which was similar to "[[The invisible hand]]" a phrase coined by [[Adam Smith]]. Ferengi also hold that if they achieve enough profit during their lives, they will meet the Blessed Exchequer who will grant them access to the Divine Treasury, whereas an unsuccessful Ferengi may find himself left in the Vault of Eternal Destitution.

== Political themes ==
Producer Gene Roddenberry emphasized his "utopian vision" of humanity's future. Following this vision, humanity is considered to have achieved perfection in ''Star Trek''. This includes overcoming greed, hate, jealousy, as well as ethnic and national rivalries.<ref name=walker>Walker, J., [http://thiswastv.com/2012/08/29/same-as-it-ever-was-star-trek-after-gene-roddenberry/ Same As It Ever Was?: Star Trek After Gene Roddenberry], ''This Was Television''</ref> In the original series, this vision is illustrated by the use a Russian man and a black woman as regular minor characters (Chekov and Uhura). The Federation's charter, in fact, was a word-for-word copy of the United Nations charter, and by extension, the constitution for the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]].<ref>[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views</ref>

Negative characteristics are generally found only in alien races. In a typical episode, one alien race is trying to enslave another, and the ''Enterprise'' intervenes to restore balance. The principle of equality is thus applied universally, with the Declaration of Independence sometimes mentioned explicitly.<ref>"The Omega Glory", March 1, 1968. Watch Kirk read the Declaration of Independence [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3b56e0u0EgQ here]. It's with feeling; He is obviously an American.</ref> In these episodes, the Federation stands in for the United States, while the villain species stands in for Communists or Nazis.<ref name=Cantor>Cantor, Paul A., ''Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization'', p. 46.</ref> In other episodes, an alien species is used to comment on imperfections in contemporary America. One episode depicts a species divided into two races by skin color.<ref>“Let This Be Your Last Battlefield”, Jan. 10, 1969.</ref> For one race, the left side is white, and right side is black. For the other race, these colors are reversed.<ref name=Cantor/>

In the original series, the military nature of Starfleet combined with the need for adventure and dramatic conflict were sufficient to limit the influence of Roddenberry's left-wing views. These episodes were recorded prior to the feminist era, so gender relations are according to nature and tradition. The early seasons of ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' suffered severely from the Roddenberry vision. For example, the character Q was used to parody God. Roddenberry's skeptical view of religion was detailed in several dialogs between Q and Picard.<ref name=walker /> As Roddenberry's health declined, Rick Berman's influence grew. He was promoted to executive producer during the third season of TNG. ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', a Berman creation, broke with the Roddenberry vision in several ways. It included various flawed human characters, and we learned that Starfleet has a secret agency called Section 31 that was responsible for various atrocities.<ref name=walker />

As the citizens of the Federation have access to goods in unlimited supply, it does not have a conventional economy. However, various characters are depicted as running small businesses such as vineyards or restaurants, presumably just for the fun of it.<ref>Yglesias, Matthew, “[http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/11/18/star_trek_economy_federation_is_only_mostly_post_scarcity.html The Star Trek Economy: (Mostly) Post-Scarcity (Mostly) Socialism]", ''Slate''. Nov. 18, 2013.</ref> On the issue of money, the show is inconsistent. Some episodes claim that the Federation has abolished money, others depict Federation citizens bartering for latinum, the Ferengi currency. The Ferengi are traders and businessmen and have an unfettered free market economy. Although it is never made clear what kind of economy the Federation itself has, the Ferengi and other races are depicted as envious of it.<ref>See e.g. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hdiuRMK3UQ this video].</ref>

== Relationship views ==
In addition to his views on religion and politics, Roddenberry had controversial views on relationships. A kiss between Kirk ([[William Shatner]]) and Uhura ([[Nichelle Nichols]]) was aired in 1968.<ref>“Plato’s Stepchildren,” Nov. 22, 1968.</ref> This is generally considered the first interracial kiss on American television, although Sammy Davis Jr. did give Nancy Sinatra a peck on the check almost a year earlier.<ref>''Movin' with Nancy'', Dec. 11, 1967.</ref><ref>Miss Cellania, "[http://www.neatorama.com/2013/04/10/TVs-First-Interracial-Kiss/#!rjF17 TV's First Interracial Kiss]”, ''Neatorama'', April 10, 2013.</ref> Picard and Lily had an interracial kiss in ''Star Trek: First Contact'' (1996), although this was only a brief goodbye kiss.

Roddenberry was also supportive of same-sex relationships, and wanted to integrate homosexual characters into his second series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', reasoning that by the 24th century "no one would care." According to his personal assistant, Ernie Over, "'''He had an agenda (see [[homosexual agenda]]), which was to get gay people onto 'Star Trek.'"'''<ref name=salon>https://www.salon.com/2001/06/30/gay_trek/</ref> However, this proposal was met with resistance by [[Paramount Television]], who reasoned that because the show would eventually be syndicated, it would be accessible to young children for whom such material would be extremely inappropriate. There are some hints of Roddenberry's in early episodes of ''TNG'', such as the notorious background extras wearing skirts.<ref>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/memoryalpha/en/images/e/ee/Man_in_a_skant.jpg Here] is an image.</ref>

An early episode of ''TNG'', "Blood and Fire," was intended to be an allegory for AIDS and was to feature homosexual characters. It was never produced, but went on to be used in the fan-produced ''Star Trek: Phase II''.<ref>http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/09/11/tv-legends-revealed-star-trek-tng-wouldnt-air-episode-with-gay-crewmen/</ref> Roddenberry repeatedly promised to broach the issue in later seasons but never did before his death. Notably, Whoopi Goldberg attempted to use [[politically correct]], gender-neutral language when explaining sexuality but was rebuffed. She said, "This show is beyond that. It should be 'When two people are in love.'" And so it was decided on set that one of the tables in the background should have two men holding hands — or two women, or whatever. But someone ran to a phone and made a call to the Paramount production office and that was nixed. [Producer] David Livingston came down and made sure that didn't happen."<ref name=salon />

Despite the absence of major homosexual characters, several story lines have indirectly depicted homosexual and other relationships in a positive, or at the very least ambiguous light. For example, in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', Commander William Riker (presumed heterosexual from a previous relationship with Deanna Troi) falls in love with an individual from an androgynous race.<ref>''The Outcast'', originally aired Mar. 16, 1992.</ref>
In ''DS9'', Lieutenant Commander Jadzia Dax (a [[Trill]], a being comprising a humanoid host of a member of another, asexual, species) briefly resumes a relationship with a wife from a previous lifetime (a male host of the same symbiont), and they are shown kissing on screen.<ref>''Rejoined'', originally aired Oct. 30, 1995.</ref>

According to Ira Steven Behr, DS9's showrunner, "I know they got a lot of negative feedback, which only goes to prove a point I always believed in, which is that science fiction fans and '''''Star Trek'' fans are much more [[conservative]] than people want to believe, and this whole Gene Roddenberry [[liberal]] Humanistic vision is truly not shared by a significant portion of them.'''"<ref>''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - The Official Poster Magazine'', issue 5 (credit to Memory Alpha for finding the quote)</ref> As of 2013 with the release of ''[[Star Trek Into Darkness]]'' no openly gay characters have been featured and the [[liberal]] media consider this "a glaring double standard."<ref>https://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-lgbt-gay-characters/</ref> However, prior to 2016's ''Star Trek Beyond,'' it was revealed that Sulu will be gay. George Takei said that while he was glad that a gay character will be featured in the film, he felt the move interfered with Roddenberry's original vision.

== Pedophilia and hard-core Star Trek fans ==

Ellen Ladowsky wrote in ''Huffington Post'':
{{Cquote|The ''LA Times'' recently ran a story about the Child Exploitation Section of the Toronto Sex Crimes Unit, which contained a mind-boggling statistic: of the more than 100 offenders the unit has arrested over the last four years, "all but one" has been "a hard-core Trekkie." Blogger Ernest Miller thought this claim was improbable. "I could go to a science fiction convention," he explained "and be less likely to find that 99+ percent of the attendees were hard-core Trekkies." While there may be quibbling about the exact numbers, the Toronto detectives claim that the connection is undeniable.

In fact, Star Trek paraphernalia has so routinely been found at the homes of the pedophiles they've arrested that it has become a gruesome joke in the squad room. (On the wall, there is a Star Trek poster with the detectives' faces replacing those of the crew members). This does not mean that watching Star Trek makes you a pedophile. It does mean that if you're a pedophile, odds are you've watched a lot of Star Trek.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ellen-ladowsky/pedophilia-and-star-trek_b_5857.html Pedophilia and Star Trek fans]</ref>}}

== Institutions ==
The ''United Federation of Planets'' is the multi-world government based on [[Earth]], and under which auspices Starfleet operates.

''Starfleet'' is the exploratory and defensive organisation which operates the various starships.

The ''Academy'' is where Starfleet officers and crew are trained.

== Technology ==
The universe of ''Star Trek'' has an array of advanced technology, some of which has foreshadowed real developments.
This technology includes computer speech recognition, atom-level fabrication, massive energy production, and faster-than-light travel.

All Starfleet members from the time of ''The Next Generation'' on wear broach-size devices on their uniforms which allow instant two-way communication between crew-members or between the crew-member and the ship's computer.

The transporters, being developed at the time of ''Enterprise'', disassemble and reassemble inanimate and animate things, including people, allowing them to be transported over moderate distances. For example, transporters are frequently used to send people from a spaceship in orbit to the surface of a planet and return.

Replicators, introduced in ''The Next Generation'' use similar technology to fabricate inanimate objects from a molecular or atomic level. This includes spare parts for the ships. Specialized food replicators can fabricate a wide variety of food, which is suitable for everyday use, but can on occasions not be quite as good as the real thing.

Holodecks and holosuites (the latter on ''Deep Space Nine'') are rooms containing holoprojectors that project holographic images with solidity, allowing people to interact with the images. A computer controls the images, which includes holographic people who appear just like real people.
The ''Voyager'' series introduced an "emergency medical hologram", a holographic doctor which could be activated in the case of an emergency.
In this case, the ship's real doctor was killed, and the holographic doctor was a regular character, with enhanced abilities including being able to activate and deactivate himself.
He also managed to acquire a portable holographic projector that he could wear, allowing him to leave the confines of the ship's sick bay and its fixed holographic projectors.

Phasers are the classic "ray gun", emitting a beam that, depending on the setting, was capable of stunning or killing the person on the receiving end.

Tricorders were hand-held devices combining the functions of a computer, communicator, and laboratory for sensing and testing objects.
Specialized medical tricorders were also used by medical officers.

Warp drives allow spaceships to travel vast distances by creating a sub-space "bubble" around the ship, allowing faster-than-light travel, a necessity when travelling around the galaxy as part of a day's work.

== The Prime Directive ==
Starfleet had The Prime Directive, first introduced in ''Star Trek: The Original Series'', which said that its personnel should not interfere with the natural progression of a species. The directive sometimes clashed with morality or common sense and on many occasions was ignored by Starfleet officers. There was also a Temporal Prime Directive, introduced in ''Star Trek: Voyager'', which said that when going into the past (by various means) they should not try to alter the course of history. When someone from Starfleet (or elsewhere) violated the directive, officers were justified in working to stop them as long as they did not violate the directive themselves. The plot point of the Prime Directive was largely created as a response to the Vietnam War by Gene L. Coon, with the intended message being to denounce American involvement in the war.

== ''Star Trek'' in culture ==
[[image:284699main image 1204 946-710.jpg|thumb|Gene Roddenberry and original series cast members at the launch of the space shuttle ''Enterprise''.]]
Various concepts from Star Trek have entered popular culture, including the following:
* The [[Extraterrestrial life in Star Trek#Vulcan|Vulcan]] greeting, ''Live long and prosper''.
* The [[Borg]] warning that ''resistance is futile''.
* The [[Klingon]] language has been developed as a complete [[constructed language|artificial language]].
* The first [[space shuttle]], ''Enterprise'', was named for the ship in [[Star Trek (original series)|the original series]].

==See also==
* [[Charlie X]]
* [[Survivalist fiction]]: [[Dystopia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/16/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-tarnished-jubilee-intro/ Star Trek: a tarnished jubilee (Intro)] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/17/editorial/entertainment/communism-star-trek-economy/ Communism: the Star Trek economy] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/18/editorial/entertainment/articles-of-federation/ Articles of Federation] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/19/editorial/entertainment/philosophy-theology-star-trek/ Philosophy and theology in Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/20/editorial/entertainment/star-trek-science-controversies/ Star Trek science controversies] on Conservative News and Views
*[https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2016/08/21/editorial/entertainment/future-star-trek/ Future in, and of, Star Trek] on Conservative News and Views

The author of these articles has republished them to Conservapedia in essay form, as follows:

*Essay 1: [[Essay:Star Trek: A Tarnished Jubilee|''Star Trek'': A Tarnished Jubilee]]
*Essay 2: [[Essay:Communism: the Star Trek economy|Communism: the ''Star Trek'' economy]]
*Essay 3: [[Essay:Articles of Federation|Articles of Federation]]
*Essay 4: [[Essay:Philosophy and Theology in Star Trek|Philosophy and theology in ''Star Trek'']]
*Essay 5: [[Essay:Star Trek Science Controversies|Scientific controversies]]
*Essay 6: [[Essay:Future in and of Star Trek|The future in, and of, ''Star Trek'']]

[[Category:Star Trek| ]]

The Tholian Web

2020-11-22T08:18:02Z

Technotronical: Senensky spelling of last name corrected

'''"The Tholian Web"''' is a third-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on November 15, 1968 on the [[NBC]] Network. Written by Judy Burns and Chet Richards. Directed by Herb Wallerstein, Ralph Senensky (uncredited)

==Plot summary==
The Enterprise, in unsurveyed territory, is approaching the last reported position of Starfleet ship USS Defiant which vanished without trace three weeks earlier. While trying to rescue the Defiant the Enterprise encounters an unusual green glowing object that Spock states "according to sensors, it is not really there."

Upon identifying the green glowing object as the Defiant, Kirk, [[Spock]], McCoy, and Chekov beam over to the vessel's forward section of its bridge in environmental suits. Once aboard, the Enterprise landing party find the Defiant at red alert and discover the entire bridge crew dead. Furthermore, the Defiant's commanding officer is found lying dead as he had his neck broken by an operations division crewman on the bridge, with the crewman's hands on his neck in front of his command chair. Dr. McCoy announced the injury he had suffered to Kirk, Spock and Chekov. Chekov asks if there is any record of a [[mutiny]] on a Federation starship, and Spock says, "Absolutely no record of such an occurrence, ensign." When they discover there are no life signs on the vessel, Kirk orders the landing party to split up to investigate.

McCoy checks out sickbay and finds many dead crewmen, some restrained to the bio-beds, while Chekov finds that the life support section and engineering are littered with dead crewman and officers everywhere. Chekov, after communicating from the lower deck his report to Kirk, suddenly becomes [[dizzy]] and loses his balance. McCoy reports that the crew of the Defiant seems to have killed each other, but he cannot determine why.

Kirk orders McCoy to return to the Defiant's bridge immediately. As the Defiant starts to "blink" on and off, and is dissolving. After repairs are in progress, Scotty reports the transporter has become "jammed up." Only three members of the landing party can beam back to the Enterprise at once. Spock requests permission to remain behind, but Kirk orders him back to the Enterprise and remains behind himself.
Kirk waits on the Defiant's bridge while the Enterprise tries to beam him aboard. The Defiant disappears and Kirk is lost with it. Kirk's environment suit can provide air for a little over 3 hours.

Spock, in command and on the bridge, explains that space in this area is fractured and Kirk has slipped into another universe. Interphase occurs for short periods during which one may travel between universes occupying the same point. In two hours, the computer calculates, another interphase will occur.

The conversation is interrupted by the approach of a geometric, rainbow-colored ship. A Tholian commander named Loskene informs the Enterprise they are trespassing on territory of the Tholian Assembly and they must leave immediately. Spock says that the Enterprise is engaged in a [[rescue]] mission but Loskene points out that there is no other ship present.

Commander Loskene agrees to wait until the time Spock calculated until the Defiant reappears from the interspatial rift.

When the time passes and there's still no rescue of [[Captain Kirk]], the Tholian's fire upon the Enterprise. Then cease and another ship arrives to touch the other beginning to slowly weave an energy web between them to trap the Enterprise.

While many of the crew are now heavily hallucinating, then screaming as if they are going mad, sickbay gets really full, including a strapped down Chekov. Meanwhile, [[Uhura]] is off-duty in her quarters dressed in her [[civilian]] wear. She feels a sudden pain, and when she recovers she sees an image of Kirk wearing an environmental suit in her mirror.

At the next interphase, Kirk appears in space near the Enterprise. The ship attempts to rescue Kirk as the Tholian's apply a tractor field.

==Production background information==
Renowned [[Hollywood]] [[Director]] Ralph Senensky is spending valuable time building this unique episode with superb shots on camera; including his fisheye [[lens]] camera effect. This fisheye lens effect depicts the viewpoint of a person affected by interspace looking at Spock on the Bridge. Senesnky needed more time than the usual production timeline to complete the episode. However the producer reporting to the studio wouldn't have it, and fired Senensky after 3 days of shooting the episode on August 7, 1968. Herb Wallerstein directed the 4th day of production and beyond. In 2013, Actor / Director [[Bryan Kreutz]], in a telling phone conversation with his friend Director Ralph Senensky, revealed that Senensky told his agent he didn't want to be credited or associated with the Star Trek series for the "Tholian Web" after he was fired by producer Fred Freiberger. So full on screen credit went solely to Herb Wallerstein.

Star Trek was nominated for an [[Emmy Award]] for the special effects in this episode.

This episode is the only time that Spock refers to McCoy as his nickname, Bones, and even then, it is to tell McCoy what Kirk would say.

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

The Tholian Web

2020-11-22T07:55:06Z

Technotronical: Created TV episode page The Tholian Web, with heavy plot summary and Production background information

'''"The Tholian Web"''' is a third-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on November 15, 1968 on the [[NBC]] Network. Written by Judy Burns and Chet Richards. Directed by Herb Wallerstein, Ralph Senensky (uncredited)

==Plot summary==
The Enterprise, in unsurveyed territory, is approaching the last reported position of Starfleet ship USS Defiant which vanished without trace three weeks earlier. While trying to rescue the Defiant the Enterprise encounters an unusual green glowing object that Spock states "according to sensors, it is not really there."

Upon identifying the green glowing object as the Defiant, Kirk, [[Spock]], McCoy, and Chekov beam over to the vessel's forward section of its bridge in environmental suits. Once aboard, the Enterprise landing party find the Defiant at red alert and discover the entire bridge crew dead. Furthermore, the Defiant's commanding officer is found lying dead as he had his neck broken by an operations division crewman on the bridge, with the crewman's hands on his neck in front of his command chair. Dr. McCoy announced the injury he had suffered to Kirk, Spock and Chekov. Chekov asks if there is any record of a [[mutiny]] on a Federation starship, and Spock says, "Absolutely no record of such an occurrence, ensign." When they discover there are no life signs on the vessel, Kirk orders the landing party to split up to investigate.

McCoy checks out sickbay and finds many dead crewmen, some restrained to the bio-beds, while Chekov finds that the life support section and engineering are littered with dead crewman and officers everywhere. Chekov, after communicating from the lower deck his report to Kirk, suddenly becomes [[dizzy]] and loses his balance. McCoy reports that the crew of the Defiant seems to have killed each other, but he cannot determine why.

Kirk orders McCoy to return to the Defiant's bridge immediately. As the Defiant starts to "blink" on and off, and is dissolving. After repairs are in progress, Scotty reports the transporter has become "jammed up." Only three members of the landing party can beam back to the Enterprise at once. Spock requests permission to remain behind, but Kirk orders him back to the Enterprise and remains behind himself.
Kirk waits on the Defiant's bridge while the Enterprise tries to beam him aboard. The Defiant disappears and Kirk is lost with it. Kirk's environment suit can provide air for a little over 3 hours.

Spock, in command and on the bridge, explains that space in this area is fractured and Kirk has slipped into another universe. Interphase occurs for short periods during which one may travel between universes occupying the same point. In two hours, the computer calculates, another interphase will occur.

The conversation is interrupted by the approach of a geometric, rainbow-colored ship. A Tholian commander named Loskene informs the Enterprise they are trespassing on territory of the Tholian Assembly and they must leave immediately. Spock says that the Enterprise is engaged in a [[rescue]] mission but Loskene points out that there is no other ship present.

Commander Loskene agrees to wait until the time Spock calculated until the Defiant reappears from the interspatial rift.

When the time passes and there's still no rescue of [[Captain Kirk]], the Tholian's fire upon the Enterprise. Then cease and another ship arrives to touch the other beginning to slowly weave an energy web between them to trap the Enterprise.

While many of the crew are now heavily hallucinating, then screaming as if they are going mad, sickbay gets really full, including a strapped down Chekov. Meanwhile, [[Uhura]] is off-duty in her quarters dressed in her [[civilian]] wear. She feels a sudden pain, and when she recovers she sees an image of Kirk wearing an environmental suit in her mirror.

At the next interphase, Kirk appears in space near the Enterprise. The ship attempts to rescue Kirk as the Tholian's apply a tractor field.

==Production background information==
Renowned [[Hollywood]] [[Director]] Ralph Senenski is spending valuable time building this unique episode with superb shots on camera; including his fisheye [[lens]] camera effect. This fisheye lens effect depicts the viewpoint of a person affected by interspace looking at Spock on the Bridge. Senesnky needed more time than the usual production timeline to complete the episode. However the producer reporting to the studio wouldn't have it, and fired Senenski after 3 days of shooting the episode on August 7, 1968. Herb Wallerstein directed the 4th day of production and beyond. In 2013, Actor / Director [[Bryan Kreutz]], in a telling phone conversation with his friend Director Ralph Senenski, revealed that Senenski told his agent he didn't want to be credited or associated with the Star Trek series for the "Tholian Web" after he was fired by producer Fred Freiberger. So full on screen credit went solely to Herb Wallerstein.

Star Trek was nominated for an [[Emmy Award]] for the special effects in this episode.

This episode is the only time that Spock refers to McCoy as his nickname, Bones, and even then, it is to tell McCoy what Kirk would say.

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

Charlie X

2020-11-21T07:39:05Z

Technotronical: Added Writer and director and episode first air date on NBC. Also added heavy plot summary points and characters along with a lesson of the story section

'''"Charlie X"''' is a first-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on September 15, 1966 on the [[NBC]] Network. Teleplay by D.C. Fontana, Story by Gene Roddenberry. Directed by
Lawrence Dobkin.

==Plot summary==
While investigating the planet Thasus, the Antares, a small cargo ship discovered an adolescent boy named Charles Evans, the sole survivor of a ship crash and who had been stranded on the planet Thasus living on his own since age three. The USS Enterprise makes a rendezvous with the Antares, the crew of the Antares transfer a young man, Charles Evans, who goes by the name Charlie. Charlie, who had been stranded on the planet Thasus for fourteen years and possessed psychokinetic powers, is officially transferred to the USS Enterprise, so he could be transported to Colony Alpha 5 to be reunited with his closest living relatives.

After a routine check-up by Dr. McCoy, he tells McCoy, "I want people to like me". Charlie attempts to learn and integrate, demonstrating the effect of his years away from all Humanoid contact. At the same time, unusual and unexpected incidents occur in Charlie's vicinity. Charlie is also struggling with adolescence and with his first crush, the Captain's beautiful Yeoman Janice Rand. After observing Crewman Wilson and a sciences division crewman slapping each other casually, Charlie does the same to Yeoman Rand's behind in a corridor, shocking her. Immediately, Rand advises Charlie to tell Captain Kirk or Dr. McCoy what he did by smacking her behind and ask them for advice. Afterwards, in the Enterprise's recreation room on deck three, Uhura is singing "Oh, On the Starship Enterprise" to a Rand and other crew members. Charlie's performing minor card tricks to woo Rand; Rand ignores Charlie so he secretly uses his power to silence Uhura's voice, as well as the sounds coming from Spock's Vulcan lute instrument, so that he can have Rand's fully undivided attention. Charlie then proceeds with a few card tricks that amuse Rand and others in the crew lounge, who applaud appreciatively.

Kirk takes pity on the young man Charlie and attempts to befriend him, taking him to the physical training room for some light sparring. Initially refusing to participate, Charlie falls awkwardly and prompts laughter from Sam, Kirk's sparring partner. Humiliated and angry, Charlie makes Sam disappear, revealing his powers in front of Kirk. The captain's attention is now more than concerned as he quickly turns his trust and mood towards Charlies. Kirk is informed by Uhura that all phasers on board the Enterprise have disappeared.

Passing Yeoman Lawton in the corridor, he turns her into an iguana. He enters Rand's quarters with a pink rose (because he found out that pink was the Yeoman's favorite color). Rand is shocked and angry that Charlie walked into her room without knocking. When Rand asks Charlie what he wants, he says he only wants her. Rand is able to activate a communication device in her room. On the bridge, Kirk and Spock hear the conversation and leave the bridge to rescue Yeoman Rand. Upon their arrival to Rand's quarters, Charlie paralysis Kirk and Spock breaking their legs.

Charlie then goes on a deck by deck ship wide rampage. Charlie turns a young crewmember into an old lady; he orders a group of crew people to stop laughing by removing their faces-one comes out into the corridor, leaving her groping in a corridor and still able to make vocal sounds; a third crewwoman he freezes as he walks past her.

Determined to stop Charlie before he can reach Colony 5, Kirk speculates that in taking over the ship, Charlie may have reached his limit.

A Non-Corporeal life form materializes with no solidity on the bridge. The colorful see-through large head is a Thasian, one of Charlie's race.

The Thasian explains to the bridge crew that they granted Charlie immense powers so that he could survive. The Thasian proceeds to tell Kirk it would be impossible for Charlie to live a normal life with his own people, and despite Charlie's desperate plea to stay with the crew, the Thasians take Charlie back to Thasus, despite Charlie's protestations thereby departing from the Enterprise.

==The lesson of the story==
Charlie is a boy in a man's body, trying to be an adult with the adolescence in him getting in the way. Having a very evident set of emotions with an air of estrangement from the Enterprise crew, Charlie clearly personifies the dangers of drifting away with not having similar likes, interests, and emotions from the rest of humanity. This shows that not being like others as a teen or just emotionally estranged can indeed project vulnerability, innocence leading to naivety, while making a person a horrifying menace all the same time.

Charlie having God-like powers has often been a dream for humans, however the lesson is absolute power corrupts absolutely.

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

The Enemy Within

2020-11-21T06:33:20Z

Technotronical:

'''"The Enemy Within"''' is a first-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on October 6, 1966 on the [[NBC]] Network. Written by Richard Matheson and Directed by Leo Penn

==Plot summary==
During a survey of planet Alfa 177, geological technician Fisher slips down a rock, gashing himself badly and slathering his uniform with an odd off-world magnetic type of yellow [[ore]]. Fisher beams up to the USS Enterprise for treatment after noticeably cutting his hand and bleeding from it. Detecting a curious overload in the transporter circuitry, Scotty has Fisher decontaminated before reporting to sickbay, but the problems have already begun; the strange yellow ore has altered the function of the transporter. Next, Captain Kirk beams up from the planet, before the fault is discovered. He apparently materializes normally and Scotty escorts the disoriented captain out of the room. Kirk is, in fact, a shadow of himself. Due to this transporter accident, Kirk has been split into two beings. The first that materialized embodies all of Kirk's positive qualities. Moments later, after everyone has left the transporter room, Kirk's evil twin materializes on the transporter pad and wreaks havoc on the crew. Roaming the ship, Kirk arrives at his Yeoman-Janice Rand's quarters quickly alone with Rand while drunk from Saurian brandy. The evil duplicate Kirk forcefully and heavily kisses her and pushes Rand to the floor attempting to [[rape]] her. But, she defends herself and leaves a large scratch on the evil duplicate Kirk's face.

Later in engineering, just as the evil Kirk is about to kill the good Kirk with a phaser, Spock knocks evil Kirk out with the Vulcan nerve pinch, but not before the phaser discharges and disables the transporter ionizer with one heavily concentrated phaser shot. This now makes it harder to rescue Sulu and the landing party who are trapped on the rapidly freezing [[planet]] Alfa 177.

Meanwhile, on the planet below, the remaining landing party is suffering through the increasingly bitter cold. Attempts to beam heaters and other support devices produce only non-functional duplicates. While in the Enterprise's briefing room, Kirk speaks on ships communication to Sulu, trying to reassure his helmsman, all the while he's becoming more indecisive of his own command abilities. Seeing that Kirk is struggling to help, Spock cuts in and tells Sulu to hold on for just a little while longer.

While in sickbay, evil Kirk is in pain vocalizing it with loud outbursts while being restrained on a bio-bed, in pain from his body functions having been weakened from the duplication process. Good Kirk takes his evil self's hand, tells him not to be afraid and to use his mind, rather than his savagery. Kirk ultimately survives split into two humans then returns to his original whole form, having his good and evil side enact. Later, both Kirk's are taken to the transporter room to be reintegrated as one being, returning to his original whole form.

==The lesson of the story==
The Enemy Within is a Star Trek episode which illustrates the idea of an intrinsic human dualism between good and evil. While realistic in its portrayal of what a man of fallen nature would do, its portrayal of ill-clad men trying to survive sub-zero temperatures is questionable, assuming the landing party survived with phasers to heat up rocks for warmth. Blankets could have been transported down, and the ship may have had a shuttle craft. The men made no attempt to build a shelter or even to shield their faces and hands from the cold. However survival and a physical form of the human condition endure as the Enterprise rescues Sulu and the others nearly frozen to death. Kirk ultimately survives split into two humans then returns to his original whole form, having his good and evil side enact.

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

The Enemy Within

2020-11-21T06:32:42Z

Technotronical: Added Writer and director and episode first air date on NBC. Also added additional plot summary and character detail.

'''"The Enemy Within"''' is a first-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on October 6, 1966 on the [[NBC]] Network. Written by Richard Matheson and Directed by Leo Penn

==Plot summary==
During a survey of planet Alfa 177, geological technician Fisher slips down a rock, gashing himself badly and slathering his uniform with an odd off-world magnetic type of yellow [[ore]]. Fisher beams up to the USS Enterprise for treatment after noticeably cutting his hand and bleeding from it. Detecting a curious overload in the transporter circuitry, Scotty has Fisher decontaminated before reporting to sickbay, but the problems have already begun; the strange yellow ore has altered the function of the transporter. Next, Captain Kirk beams up from the planet, before the fault is discovered. He apparently materializes normally and Scotty escorts the disoriented captain out of the room. Kirk is, in fact, a shadow of himself. Due to this transporter accident, Kirk has been split into two beings. The first that materialized embodies all of Kirk's positive qualities. Moments later, after everyone has left the transporter room, Kirk's evil twin materializes on the transporter pad and wreaks havoc on the crew. Roaming the ship, Kirk arrives at his Yeoman-Janice Rand's quarters quickly alone with Rand while drunk from Saurian brandy. The evil duplicate Kirk forcefully and heavily kisses her and pushes Rand to the floor attempting to [[rape]] her. But, she defends herself and leaves a large scratch on the evil duplicate Kirk's face.

Later in engineering, just as the evil Kirk is about to kill the good Kirk with a phaser, Spock knocks evil Kirk out with the Vulcan nerve pinch, but not before the phaser discharges and disables the transporter ionizer with one heavily concentrated phaser shot. This now makes it harder to rescue Sulu and the landing party who are trapped on the rapidly [[freezing]] [[planet]] Alfa 177.

Meanwhile, on the planet below, the remaining landing party is suffering through the increasingly bitter cold. Attempts to beam heaters and other support devices produce only non-functional duplicates. While in the Enterprise's briefing room, Kirk speaks on ships communication to Sulu, trying to reassure his helmsman, all the while he's becoming more indecisive of his own command abilities. Seeing that Kirk is struggling to help, Spock cuts in and tells Sulu to hold on for just a little while longer.

While in sickbay, evil Kirk is in pain vocalizing it with loud outbursts while being restrained on a bio-bed, in pain from his body functions having been weakened from the duplication process. Good Kirk takes his evil self's hand, tells him not to be afraid and to use his mind, rather than his savagery. Kirk ultimately survives split into two humans then returns to his original whole form, having his good and evil side enact. Later, both Kirk's are taken to the transporter room to be reintegrated as one being, returning to his original whole form.

==The lesson of the story==
The Enemy Within is a Star Trek episode which illustrates the idea of an intrinsic human dualism between good and evil. While realistic in its portrayal of what a man of fallen nature would do, its portrayal of ill-clad men trying to survive sub-zero temperatures is questionable, assuming the landing party survived with phasers to heat up rocks for warmth. Blankets could have been transported down, and the ship may have had a shuttle craft. The men made no attempt to build a shelter or even to shield their faces and hands from the cold. However survival and a physical form of the human condition endure as the Enterprise rescues Sulu and the others nearly frozen to death. Kirk ultimately survives split into two humans then returns to his original whole form, having his good and evil side enact.

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

Mudd's Women

2020-11-21T04:46:25Z

Technotronical: Added Writer and director and episode first air date on NBC. Also added more plot summary detail of the story and characters

'''"Mudd's Women"''' is a first-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on October 13, 1966 on the [[NBC]] Network. Teleplay by Stephen Kandel, Story by Gene Roddenberry. Directed by Harvey Hart

==Plot summary==
In '''Mudd's Women''', The USS Enterprise chases an unregistered starship, a small class J cargo vessel. Fleeing, the ship approaches an asteroid belt. Scotty manages to beam the ship's master who identifies himself as Leo Francis Walsh and three women off just before an asteroid destroys the vessel with a dead-center hit. Captain Kirk's discussion with the ship's master trader is not productive. The trader has unusual cargo: three stupendously seductive women he says are to be wives for lonely men on frontier planets. Leo Walsh is revealed to be intergalactic criminal Harcourt Fenton Mudd. As the ship damaged all its dilithium power crystals chasing Mudd's vessel, he feels himself empowered to force Kirk to make a deal. Mudd overhears Kirk's orders to contact the miners on Rigel XII, he begins to plan how the situation can work to his advantage. Using their allure, the women learn about the miners and intend on beaming down once the Enterprise arrives at the planet Rigel XII to acquire replacement lithium crystals.

==The lesson of the story==
In the odd science fiction version of the universe where this melodrama takes place, a ship on "impulse power" from its batteries is in danger of "spiraling in" to the planet. This is obvious nonsense to any physics student or mathematician, because a spiral is not one of the possible [[orbit]]s.

Nonetheless, the story contains a potent lesson: "You either believe in yourself, or you don't." When one of the women stops taking the Venus Drug, she reverts to homeliness but upon taking a [[placebo]] given by Kirk, she regains her attractiveness.

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]

The Trouble With Tribbles

2020-11-21T04:07:54Z

Technotronical: grammar edit

'''"The Trouble With Tribbles"''' is a second-season episode of ''[[Star Trek (original series)|Star Trek: The Original Series]]''. The episode first aired on December 29, 1967 on the [[NBC]] Network. Written by David Gerrold and Directed by Joseph Pevney.

==Plot summary==
The Federation wants to colonize Sherman's Planet with the aid of a grain hybrid called quadro-triticale. However, the Klingon Empire wishes to do the same, and there is a treaty stipulating that whoever can manage the planet best has claim over it. A Federation official abuses a high priority distress call to lure the USS ''Enterprise'' to Deep Space Station K7 as protection for the wheat, much to the ire of Captain Kirk. However, a Klingon ship arrives soon after, ostensibly to claim shore leave rights under the terms of the treaty, and Kirk chooses to remain.

Meanwhile, in the station bar, the merchant Cyrano Jones is selling tribbles, small furry animals whose trilling has "a tranquilizing effect on the human nervous system." Lt. Uhuru brings a free tribble back to the ship, and it spawns over a dozen more by the next day, the same size as itself. McCoy brings one to the lab to analyze it, and it spawns 10 more.

The trouble starts when a drunken Klingon soldier begins flinging insults directed at Kirk and the ''Enterprise'' around to provoke a group of ''Enterprise'' crew members. Lt. Cmdr. Scott attacks the soldier, and the fight continues until security arrives. Kirk treats the incident mildly: he cancels shore leave for both ships and confines Scott and the other involved crew to quarters.

It would be unfair to the reader to give away the rest of the story, but the idea for tribbles is reminiscent of the Martian flat cats of ''The Rolling Stones'', a science fiction story by [[Robert Heinlein]].

Thanks to the story and nostalgia generated by "The Trouble With Tribbles", it was listed as the #1 best episode in the 1991 Star Trek Viewers Choice Marathon hosted by Shatner and Nimoy.

==Episode sequel==
Scenes from this episode were used in a sequel episode on the fifth season of ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', "[[Trials and Tribble-ations]]", with members of the Deep Space Nine crew digitally inserted into the scenes that featured Captain Kirk, Spock and other ''Original Series'' cast members from that episode (including a notable scene near the end of the episode, actually taken from the ''Original Series'' episode "Mirror, Mirror", where Deep Space Nine commander Captain Sisko, disguised as an ''Enterprise'' lieutenant, interacts with Captain Kirk on the ''Enterprise'' bridge).<ref>[http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Trials_and_Tribble-ations_(episode) "Trials and Tribble-ations"] at Memory Alpha ''Star Trek'' wiki</ref> Thanks to the nostalgia generated by "The Trouble with Tribbles", "Trials and Tribble-ations" was the most-watched ''Deep Space Nine'' episode that season.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Science Fiction]]
[[Category:Star Trek]]