Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Carrack

2013-03-01T02:43:55Z

SeK:

The '''carrack''' was a large trading and fighting vessel of the [[Mediterranean]] from the 14th to the 17th centuries. It started as a two-master with one large'''square-rigged''' sail on each, but by the early 16th century topsails were being used and by the end of that century four masts were common. Its hull was [[carvel]]-built but it was larger than the [[caravel]]. It was the ship of choice for the [[Portuguese]] transportation of troops and supplies to [[Brazil]] and [[India]] during the 16th century.
In about 1450 a Portuguese ship-builder wrote that he considered there was very little difference between the ''nave'', the ''[[nao]]'' the ''[[carrack]]'' and the [[German]] ''[[hulk]]''. It is likely that it is the origin of all the three-masted sailing ships that would dominate trade and war until the advent of steam-power.
Glossary:
*Square-rigged refers to the set of the sails on what most people would consider the classic large sailing ship – the galleon or the clipper for example, or any large warship of the age of sail. The sails are set across the bow to stern line of the vessel and are four-sided and attached to yards that can be angled according wind direction. (Very few vessels in the last 500 years have been purely square-rigged – almost every ship has had triangular staysails set between the masts or from the foremast to the bow and most have a gaff-sail on its stern-most mast – usually called a “spanker” – whether or not there is square rigging on that mast.)
[[Category: Sailing ship types]]

Rat

2013-03-01T02:42:05Z

SeK:

{{Taxonomy
|name=Rats
|kingdom=Animalia
|phylum=Chordata
|class=Mammalia
|order=Rodentia
|superfamily=Muroidia
|family=Muridae
|subfamily=Murinae
|genus=Rattus
}}

A''rat''' is a medium-sized [[rodent]] found on all inhabited [[continent]]s. They live on garbage in slums and are also often known to carry disease. The [[bubonic plague]] which killed one third of the population of Europe is attributed to rats which [[disease carrier|carried]] plague-infected
fleas living in their fur. The [[taxonomy|genus]] ''Rattus'' includes over 50 species.

Rats are capable of surviving in a wide range of different environments ranging from grasslands, forests, urban settlements, ships, and the unforgiving [[arctic]]. They tend to thrive around [[human beings]].
Rats can survive on an extremely diverse diet, including [[seed]]s, [[fruit]]s, small [[bird]]s and [[mammal]]s, scraps and even garbage.

==Domesticated rats==
Scientific laboratories frequently use rats for studies of behavioral psychology, as well as the effects of drugs or radiation.

Rats can be kept as pets, although it is unwise for a child to try to tame a wild rat found in a slum. Like gerbils and hamsters, they must be raised in a sterile environment before being brought into your home, lest an accidental bite infect you with a deadly disease.
They are usually kept in a [[cage]] or a [[terrarium]], sometimes with other rats or [[mice]]. Domestic rats are curious, clean, and gentle creatures with a lifespan of approximately three years.

[[category:Rodents]]