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		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Science_of_global_warming&amp;diff=162320</id>
		<title>Talk:Science of global warming</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Science_of_global_warming&amp;diff=162320"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T18:36:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Neptune */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Protected|TK}}&lt;br /&gt;
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== Editing This Page ==&lt;br /&gt;
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*Please refrain from wholesale editing, rollbacks, re-directs.  Adding pertinent information is encouraged, however please discuss here first before major changes are implemented. It does not do the site a service to keep making drastic changes, then having someone else roll them back ten minutes later!  '''Will will start with the basic FACT that the Earth does appear to be in a warming cycle, and that its ''natural occurrence'' is aggravated by man's burning of fossil fuels in increasing amounts.''' It is simply not a proven fact, among a preponderance of scientists that warming cycles are only caused by Humans.  In any event, from what I have read by the most alarmist backers like Al Gore, all mediating efforts that we could undertake, cannot and will not reverse what they claim is going to happen.  So, we should treat this as a theory, and one that is at least as much a political item as one of Natural Science. --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:58, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Biased Line ==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Also, these scientists are mostly liberal athiests, untroubled by the hubris that man can destroy the Earth which God gave him&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Whoever said this you clearly have no idea what you are talking about. source that please!&lt;br /&gt;
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Can you even pretend to be able to source such an outrageous claim? It's lines like this that open this project to ridicule.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 22:31, 9 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
: Sandbagger and other vandals added those lines. They have been removed and the vandals have been banned. If I am online and I see such lines, with no citations I will report future vandals after they do the same and revert their edits. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 16:49, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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(that he has problems trying to give away)&lt;br /&gt;
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See Dave3172's comment above, this editorial has the same effect. The implication is that the film won't be seen by anyone. Unfortunately, the reverse is true, the film has been very popular and its success will somewhat stifle true debate of the issue.--[[User:Jasonhc|Jasonhc]] 22:15, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: How about I change it to (some schools have rejected free copies of it)? --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:28, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I edited in a section called 'Evidence' that was solidly backed up with references to reputable scientific sites. I see they've been reverted for 'Liberal bias'. What's 'Liberal bias' about facts about glacier recession and sea level rise? [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 23:10, 23 March 2007&lt;br /&gt;
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The article currently says &amp;quot;The theory enjoys wide political support, but many climatologists and meteorologists disagree with it.&amp;quot; This makes it sound as if there is an even balance between the number of climatologists and meteorologists who agree and disagree with the theory. This is inaccurate. The sentence should read &amp;quot;a minority of climatologists and meteorologists disagree with it.&amp;quot; I thought we were all about accuracy? The following sentence about 'consensus' is negated by the references to two out of that small minority of climatologists and meteorologists who disagree. By all means  their names and views should be left in, to represent their disagreement, but their weight in the scale of scientific opinion should not be over-represented, and it should be balanced by reference to the names of proponents of the theory. I would be happy to make these changes, but the page is locked. [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 11:45, 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Points ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Point 1 ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Point #1 has become very widely accepted in the past few decades, even by conservatives who were once skeptical.&amp;quot;  -- Not surprisingly there's no citation for this!   &amp;quot;Very widely accepted&amp;quot;??  You don't have to look far to find low temperature records being set.  Here's one link: http://www.rushlimbaugh.com/home/daily/site_020507/content/0205071.guest.html  [[User:Bwilliston|Bwilliston]] 02:25, 10 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
: I added in a few more links showing conservatives agreeing with rising temps. I also added in links that show record low temperatures. I want to try and show both sides of the debates. Because a lot of the data is conflicting or the same data yields different results based on the way it is interpreted, it shows that nobody can really know for sure what the truth is or is not. Yet what I did hope to cover in this article is the global warming scam of selling carbon credits, books, videos, and making profits off of oil stocks by those who are pro-global warming as a motive for why they lie or fabricate information to promote global warming. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 15:48, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: The first link says &amp;quot;Excepting the El Nino year of 1998, since about 1979, the Earth's temperature apparently has not been increasing.&amp;quot;.  It's a link about *not* accepting global warming.  The second has a liberal and &amp;quot;ex-liberal&amp;quot; discussing various points.  In response to a claim from the liberal that temperatures have been increasing, the &amp;quot;ex-liberal&amp;quot; says: &amp;quot;MANY other physical anthropologists, scientists, and other professionals have refuted that data as well&amp;quot; (with four broken links for citations, so I don't know which refutations he had in mind).  And in the third link I see one conservative (Rod Dreher) mentioning &amp;quot;overwhelming scientific evidence&amp;quot; but it's pretty vague, and certainly doesn't justify the claim that the idea of increasing global temperatures is &amp;quot;very widely accepted&amp;quot; by conservatives.   [[User:Bwilliston|Bwilliston]] 20:35, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Point 4 ===&lt;br /&gt;
I think this is wrong. &amp;quot;Measures to combat global warming/climate change&amp;quot; are what it talks about. It would be like saying you could say communism and mean the Marshall Plan.[[User:Thisisausername|Thisisausername]] 17:43, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: How do you propose we fix it? Most Wikis have a &amp;quot;fix it yourself&amp;quot; policy, you know. :) I am open to suggestions. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 19:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: It reads better now, thanks for the edit. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 21:40, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== FYI ==&lt;br /&gt;
The British Conservative party was in the news today concerning climate change.[[User:Thisisausername|Thisisausername]] 17:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT) [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6438685.stm]&lt;br /&gt;
: Thanks it has been added. It is good to represent both sides of the issue for a fair and balanced look. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 21:18, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Profit Motive ==&lt;br /&gt;
While a lot of space is devoted to the idea that proponents of global warming are profiting by it, why isn't the same treatment being given to those who oppose it? Such as the scientists who received funding from the oil companies?--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:15, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Probably because I haven't written it yet, trying to revert your vandalism and the vandalism of Sandbagger. It is a work in progress and the more you screw it up the longer it will take me to fix it. I have a headache from the both of you doing nonsense and I have to quit tonight. I'll try to add in more later. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:24, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Excuse me? I vandalized nothing, but made an edit that needed editing. Frankly, a lot of your stuff should be wiped for lack of sourcing, but I'm trying real hard to keep in mind what this project is trying to do.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:29, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: I provided at least 15 sources since I started contributing to this article. I have done a lot of research on the subject for both sides. You may deny vandalizing, and while you weren't as bad as Sandbagger, that is the reason why I didn't report you. I have you on notice. Now it is you who have to provide the sources for the proponents of global warming profiting from it. I was going to do it myself, but since you claim a lot of my stuff needs wiping, I'll give you the honors. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:36, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::You want to report me for vandalism? Because I removed one half of a title that was opinion? Go for it.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:40, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::: Blanking is vandalism, but you are lucky I gave you the benefit of the doubt. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:43, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Fixing an opinion is not blanking, especially when its explained. You need to take a reality check.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:45, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::: It is you who is having the issues, not me. There are now over 33 citations in the article backing up most of what I had added to it. It is you who has an allergy to the truth, not me. I am not upset over this, I am just tired. I got better things to do than get into a spitting contest with you over this. I apologize if I said you vandalized it, I have had a bad day, and seeing Sandbagger scribble nonsense all over this article kind of got to me, and I guess I sort of lumped you into it with him. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:48, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::: I tell you what, I'll leave the &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;citations needed&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; in the conservative view section showing the bias of skeptical scientists up to you. Unlike you, I won't bully you into hurrying up and add them in like you have done to me or question the credibility of the source or any of the other political things you have done to me. Take all the time you need, use whatever resources you can find. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 21:22, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Source #16 ==&lt;br /&gt;
How can you possibly use a letter to the editor as a source? Especially when said letter had no actual hard evidence in it?--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:32, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: I have more sources I haven't used yet. They have quotes showing the evidence of the silencing. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:37, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::The problem with your sources (aside from the questionability of their reliability) is that you've attached them to a paragraph discussed the alleged lack of controls in testing. Which none of your sources mention.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: Actually I did add in one. I was prevented from doing so because you were editing/saving the article, and I had to delay adding it until later. It is in there now. I even added in sources from conservatives who did political actions to fight global warming or say that global warming is a problem. Are you questioning everything I contributed, or just the parts you politically disagree with yet lack the proof to discredit (or at least have not shown me any proof that they should be discredited)? Remember this is not Wikipedia, there is not supposed to be a liberal bias here, and I am one of the few that actually is adding in some parts of the liberal and pro-global warming side of global warming issues. I am putting in what the skeptics are saying and what conservatives are saying, and if you have a problem with that, you can go back to Wikipedia and start your own edits of the global warming article there, maybe they'll put up with you. Your comments about wiping out all of my comments just prove the liberal side wants to silence and censor critics of global warming, and comments of that nature along with your bad attitude are what made me suspect you were a vandal like Sandbagger in the first place. By the way, what is stopping you from adding citations and paraphrasing them in anyway? A Wiki is a community edited web site, why are you trying to force me to do all of your work for you? I don't take away your free speech and threaten to wipe everything you contributed. In fact I encouraged you to add to the article with at least some citations to prove what you have been saying about it in this talk page. Are you just a critic, with no gumption to actually add to articles and back up what you are trying to say? --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:52, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== The whole article ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The whole thing is a politically motivated hack job. What on earth does Global warming have to do with religion that would lead to such pap passed off as fact on this site?&lt;br /&gt;
: Global warming has become a new religion with Al Gore as the Pope of global warming. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:27, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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It's responses like this previous one which threaten to keep me coming back to this discussion board... for entertainment purposes, of course. Is this new global warming &amp;quot;religion&amp;quot; similar to Darwinism I've heard about? Many other well recognized and substantially supported scientific ideas have been labeled &amp;quot;religions&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;agendas,&amp;quot; etc...  I personally believe this points to the dichotamous nature of the conservative mindset, and perhaps a little bit of paranoia too. Folks who disregard science on the basis that it doesn't mix well with their present beliefs are helplessly incapable of understanding science. Now, does the scientist understand religion? Well, that's not a topic for science.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Did you know...==&lt;br /&gt;
Does anyone here know that the polar ice caps have been shrinking considerably during the past three years?  Now what on Mars could be doing that?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yes, you read that correctly: MARS.  It has been documented by NASA, National Geographic, the Mars Global Observatory, etc.  Now what could be causing the retreat of the Martian ice caps?  There's no factories there, no automobiles, no cows expelling gasses in the fields.  I want to hear the excuse for it from the global warming supporters as to why the ice caps on Mars are retreating.  Hint: there's only one answer.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 21:52, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Either it is a natural cycle on Mars, or solar activity increased and is generating more heat. If the later, it disproves pro-global warming scientists. Unless pro-global warming scientists want to claim that Martians are polluting CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; on Mars to cause global warming, in which there is no evidence of Martians. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:27, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::If it's the sun, and I do think it is, you have to think of how much farther from the sun Mars is as compared to earth. [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 16:32, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: It doesn't 'disprove' pro-global warming scientists. It just factors in increased solar activity as another aspect of global warming and says nothing about anthropogenic aspects. Scientists generally believe that solar forcing, as it's called, is in the neighbourhood of one tenth of the total contribution to the heating of the atmosphere. Even this skeptic is citing solar forcing as no more than one third to two thirds contribution, and feels that anthropogenic contributions will be more important over the next century. http://www.sciencebits.com/CO2orSolar . What are your figures for the extent of polar ice cap recession on Mars compared to the extent of polar ice cap recession on Earth? Take into account too the very different atmospheric conditions prevailing on Mars. --[[User:Britinme|Britinme]]1:15, 24 March 2007&lt;br /&gt;
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== Al Gore is no expert and no saint ==&lt;br /&gt;
These lines were removed, but they paint a picture of Al Gore:&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Al Gore does not even follow his own advice and actually made a lot of money with oil stocks, and uses private jets that pollute CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, instead of using economical flights that pollute less CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; or electric trains to promote his books and videos. http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2006-08-09-gore-green_x.htm Plus Al Gore does not have a science degree, but one in government and an undergraduate degree and not a PHD, and Gore scored low in his science tests and classes. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;amp;contentId=A37397-2000Mar18 So why is Al Gore the leading expert on global warming if he doesn't even have a degree in science or had good grades in science, rather than a certified and qualified climatologist with the ability to give an academic lecture and follows the scientific method, instead of Gore who just shows pictures.&lt;br /&gt;
Furthermore, Gore did nothing to try and halt global warming while he was vice-president, and actually worked with Bill Clinton to reject bills and ideas that would have reduced CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; and pollution under the Kyoto protocols, that both rejected. http://www.dissidentvoice.org/July06/Frank18.htm &lt;br /&gt;
Al Gore is no scientist, and he didn't do anything to halt global warming while in office. I think he does a lot of credibility damage to global warming because of these things. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:35, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Bias==&lt;br /&gt;
Dang, this article is really biased. People need to realise that Earth is changing, and it is being caused by humans. It is sad to see how people are so disrespectful to the work of God. I think that destroying everything great that the Lord has made is a terrible sin and this website should recognise the harm that they are doing to this great gift that God has given us.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:Flax+|Flax+]] 19:51, 17 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I believe there is plenty of evidence, and scientists,  who do not adopt the panic-mode of Gore and others. Many believe it is a natural occurrence, perhaps hastened by fossil fuel consumption, but nevertheless something that has occurred hundreds of times, in the life of the planet.  It is your job, everyone, as contributors and posters here, to edit the page to strike some balance, rather than dismiss opposing thought as morons, and ignore what others say.  ''If this cannot be done, I will lock the page''.  I hate to do that, because supposedly adults, thinking people, should be able to arrive at a meaningful compromise.  Anything else is intellectual dishonesty. --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:57, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Lots of things are &amp;quot;perfectly natural&amp;quot;.... like dying of [[cholera]] at age 28.  We do our best to stop that from happening, too. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 02:01, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::The way we stopped cholera is by avoiding wishful thinking and carrying out careful experiments. There's a fascinating detective story about how the first researcher proved that it was contaminated water (from a single pump?) that was causing a cholera epidemic in London. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 02:04, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::On the other hand, if we render the planet TOTALLY unlivable, Jesus will HAVE to return and save us all!&lt;br /&gt;
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::No need to lock the page. I know a lot about what both sides are saying and can perhaps help to craft a balanced article. (I am the original author of [[Wikipedia:Writing for the enemy]].) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 02:02, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Thanks Ed!!  Thats the spirit!  I posted some links below, so some can take a look, possibly add their own, of actual scientists who just hate all the alarmism.  Feel free to IM me anytime. --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 02:31, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:*'''Sorry, some felt the need for a fight tonight, I guess, and kept reverting.  Just let me know, I will unlock it once the children have stopped their tantrums.''' --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 02:49, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Facts &amp;amp; Links To Check Out... ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Whose Ox Is Gored? The media discover the former vice president's environmental exaggerations and hypocrisy:[http://www.opinionjournal.com/diary/?id=110009804]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Tempest&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305_pf.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Global Warming: The Origin and Nature of the Alleged Scientific Consensus:  Richard S. Lindzen is the Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology [http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/regv15n2/reg15n2g.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An Inconvenient Truth: Al Gore Can’t Give Junk Science Away: [http://newsbusters.org/node/9262]&lt;br /&gt;
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From a Rapt Audience, a Call to Cool the Hype:  [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/science/13gore.html]   &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;...But part of his scientific audience is uneasy. In talks, articles and blog entries that have appeared since his film and accompanying book came out last year, these scientists argue that some of Mr. Gore’s central points are exaggerated and erroneous. They are alarmed, some say, at what they call his alarmism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“I don’t want to pick on Al Gore,” Don J. Easterbrook, an emeritus professor of geology at Western Washington University, told hundreds of experts at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America. “But there are a lot of inaccuracies in the statements we are seeing, and we have to temper that with real data.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mr. Gore, in an e-mail exchange about the critics, said his work made “the most important and salient points” about climate change, if not “some nuances and distinctions” scientists might want. “The degree of scientific consensus on global warming has never been stronger,” he said, adding, “I am trying to communicate the essence of it in the lay language that I understand.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Although Mr. Gore is not a scientist, he does rely heavily on the authority of science in “An Inconvenient Truth,” which is why scientists are sensitive to its details and claims. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Criticisms of Mr. Gore have come not only from conservative groups and prominent skeptics of catastrophic warming, but also from rank-and-file scientists like Dr. Easterbook, who told his peers that he had no political ax to grind. A few see natural variation as more central to global warming than heat-trapping gases. Many appear to occupy a middle ground in the climate debate, seeing human activity as a serious threat but challenging what they call the extremism of both skeptics and zealots.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kevin Vranes, a climatologist at the Center for Science and Technology Policy Research at the University of Colorado, said he sensed a growing backlash against exaggeration. While praising Mr. Gore for “getting the message out,” Dr. Vranes questioned whether his presentations were “overselling our certainty about knowing the future.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''While reviewers tended to praise the book and movie, vocal skeptics of global warming protested almost immediately. Richard S. Lindzen, a climatologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a member of the National Academy of Sciences, who has long expressed skepticism about dire climate predictions, accused Mr. Gore in The Wall Street Journal of “shrill alarmism.”'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some of Mr. Gore’s centrist detractors point to a report last month by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a United Nations body that studies global warming. The panel went further than ever before in saying that humans were the main cause of the globe’s warming since 1950, part of Mr. Gore’s message that few scientists dispute. But it also portrayed climate change as a slow-motion process. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''It estimated that the world’s seas in this century would rise a maximum of 23 inches — down from earlier estimates. Mr. Gore, citing no particular time frame, envisions rises of up to 20 feet and depicts parts of New York, Florida and other heavily populated areas as sinking beneath the waves, implying, at least visually, that inundation is imminent.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bjorn Lomborg, a statistician and political scientist in Denmark long skeptical of catastrophic global warming, said in a syndicated article that the panel, unlike Mr. Gore, had refrained from scaremongering. “Climate change is a real and serious problem” that calls for careful analysis and sound policy, Dr. Lomborg said. “The cacophony of screaming,” he added, “does not help.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So too, a report last June by the National Academies seemed to contradict Mr. Gore’s portrayal of recent temperatures as the highest in the past millennium. Instead, the report said, current highs appeared unrivaled since only 1600, the tail end of a temperature rise known as the medieval warm period.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roy Spencer, a climatologist at the University of Alabama, Huntsville, said on a blog that Mr. Gore’s film did “indeed do a pretty good job of presenting the most dire scenarios.” But the June report, he added, shows “that all we really know is that we are warmer now than we were during the last 400 years.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other critics have zeroed in on Mr. Gore’s claim that the energy industry ran a “disinformation campaign” that produced false discord on global warming. The truth, he said, was that virtually all unbiased scientists agreed that humans were the main culprits. But Benny J. Peiser, a social anthropologist in Britain who runs the Cambridge-Conference Network, or CCNet, an Internet newsletter on climate change and natural disasters, challenged the claim of scientific consensus with examples of pointed disagreement.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“Hardly a week goes by,” Dr. Peiser said, “without a new research paper that questions part or even some basics of climate change theory,” including some reports that offer alternatives to human activity for global warming. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Geologists have documented age upon age of climate swings, and some charge Mr. Gore with ignoring such rhythms. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''“Nowhere does Mr. Gore tell his audience that all of the phenomena that he describes fall within the natural range of environmental change on our planet,” Robert M. Carter, a marine geologist at James Cook University in Australia, said in a September blog. “Nor does he present any evidence that climate during the 20th century departed discernibly from its historical pattern of constant change.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In October, Dr. Easterbrook made similar points at the geological society meeting in Philadelphia. He hotly disputed Mr. Gore’s claim that “our civilization has never experienced any environmental shift remotely similar to this” threatened change.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nonsense, Dr. Easterbrook told the crowded session. He flashed a slide that showed temperature trends for the past 15,000 years. It highlighted 10 large swings, including the medieval warm period. These shifts, he said, were up to “20 times greater than the warming in the past century.”''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Getting personal, he mocked Mr. Gore’s assertion that scientists agreed on global warming except those industry had corrupted. “I’ve never been paid a nickel by an oil company,” Dr. Easterbrook told the group. “And I’m not a Republican.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Biologists, too, have gotten into the act. In January, Paul Reiter, an active skeptic of global warming’s effects and director of the insects and infectious diseases unit of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, faulted Mr. Gore for his portrayal of global warming as spreading malaria.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''“For 12 years, my colleagues and I have protested against the unsubstantiated claims,” Dr. Reiter wrote in The International Herald Tribune. “We have done the studies and challenged the alarmists, but they continue to ignore the facts.”''' &amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/science/13gore.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Al Gore Header ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Is it really necessary? --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 04:00, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are hundreds of people, some with star power and knowledge exceeding Al Gore, on both sides of this issue. Why is Al Gore given somemuch time and space in this catagory?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;So why is Al Gore the leading expert on global warming&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
quoted from above. By whose notion is he the leading expert on Global Warming? Where is reference to Hansen, Broecker, Schmidt,Thompson et al, you know people who actually study this stuff for a living? Why focus on Gore?  ''---The preceeding unsigned comments were added by Third Day''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Democratic Party is largely Liberal, and global warming is a big issue for liberals. Al Gore is one of the most popular Democrats, and he has a book out called &amp;quot;Earth in the Balance&amp;quot;. Who else *but* Gore? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 17:58, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*Were you speaking to me? If so, I am wondering why the info under the Gore heading couldn't be better placed in the body of the article rather than his own heading..... --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:02, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::More like, um, thinking aloud here. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Conservatives have [[Richard Lindzen]], who is an actual scientist who makes sense and doesn't fudge the numbers. Liberals only have &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;[[Jim Hansen]],&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; who will never live down his &amp;quot;scary scenarios&amp;quot; remark. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:04, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::*Oops, I meant [[Stephen Schneider]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:18, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I just added a line to the Gore header, to balance it some. --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:06, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
              =Some Liberal Bias=&lt;br /&gt;
Under &amp;quot;Conflicting Ideas/ Data&amp;quot; someone wrote &amp;quot;The global warming theory is a scientific theory, that has been supported by many peer-reviewed journal articles, published in highly respected international scientific journals.&amp;quot; Clearly this was done after deleting a point showing some actual conflicting ideas or data, and this is a bias meant to mislead people into thinking that global warming is not challenged by any in the scientific community.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Then go in the history and find the source, and put it back in. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:24, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*Exactly! And be sure to let either Hoji or me know if another revert war starts. ;-)  ---~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:07, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Unlocking ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is far from complete. When will it be unlocked so we can add information about scientific data showing natural causes for warming, explanation of the solar flux theory, carbon dioxide tracking temps, cosmoclimatology, paleoclimatology, etc. As it stands it makes it look like all we care about is the political side of things. This can't be true, can it? &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;This unsigned comment was made by&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; [[User:Third Day]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*You are right. I suppose for now, if you would like to post the additions here, they can be pasted over. Or you can contact me, and I could open it up for you to edit. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 19:57, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Obviously nothing was important enough to contact me about, or post here about.  Makes me wonder why, upon locking a page, people want it open, for what?  If they don't come back with a suggestion or contribution, what is the point? --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:53, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I've been on the road, hence I did not respond. Some of us have lives outside of this site. I will put together a summary of additions I feel worthy and post here in the talk section. I do wonder if the whole Wiki concept is undermined if the additions need to be vetted by a select few. It may take years for the articles to settle into a reflection of community knowledge, but thats the point, right? Nobody goes to a wiki, any kind of wiki, for the absolute truth on anything.  No wiki is a valid source in a peer reviewed paper or even a college paper. It is a way to get a sense of the state of knowledge in a community of users. Wikipedia suffers from the fact that the community of users is so broad as to produce everchanging articles. There are Wikis that restrict the user base to members of certain communities - like a company or agency or users of a particular software. But if Conservapedia wants to surviv and not be mocked it needs to open itself up to slings and arrows. If indeed, we conservatives really believe that our point of view will dominate, then we need not be afraid to open up to liberal edits - cause enough of us will respond in force, and in time will overwhelm. If we just lock down the articles will never evolve (pardon the word) into a compleat, trustworthy wikipedia.  OK, I'm done ranting. Off my soap box now :). - Third Day&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Are there any Wikipedia editors here?==&lt;br /&gt;
An article on Scientific data withholding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_data_withholding] has been nominated for deletion. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Scientific_data_withholding#.5B.5BScientific_data_withholding.5D.5D]  If you are a Wikipedia editor, please read the article and vote. [[User:RonCram|RonCram]] 00:05, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wrong question to ask here. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:42, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yes, it's a violation of Wikipedia policy to canvas for votes. You're doing the right thing in the wrong way. Next step is RFC and/or an email to Jimbo. You don't win this kind of battle by stooping to their level. Stay here and work on the climate articles, instead. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 23:17, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Okay, I just learned about &amp;quot;canvassing.&amp;quot;  I know Connelly is doing it because people are showing up to vote who have not read the article or the Talk page. Teach me the right way to handle this, Ed. [[User:RonCram|RonCram]] 23:55, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is off-topic, but since I brought it up I better finish it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is the type of battle that it's okay to lose. When people see that the process was followed on one side, but ignored or misused on the other side, then sympathy is genereated for the correct side. Think Rosa Parks. Think [[sit-ins at lunch counters]]. And also think about contributing more here. ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 00:02, 4 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Using &amp;quot;Global Climate Change&amp;quot; is not kosher ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a way for carbon alarmists to hedge their bets, and answer critics if there's a series of cold winters.  In the 1970s they were ringing the Ice Age bell, now they've settled on warming so they can dial back the economies of the West (while ignoring China).  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 09:32, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The [[global warming controversy]] has replaced the [[Vietnam War]] and [[nuclear power]] as the big-ticket leftist issue. And now that Communism has faded from Europe and is morphing in [[China]], what are all the socialists going to get into but the [[Environment]]? It's the perfect materialistic cause, and there's plenty of money to go around. The US government alone spends over a billion dollars a year on &amp;quot;research&amp;quot; and the United Nations issues assessments every few years (see [[IPCC]]). We all know how objective and fair minded the UN [[General Assembly]] has been on non-environmental issues such as [[human rights]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:42, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::note that nuclear power is actully the best canidate for clean, alternative energy; yet, most enviornmentalist organizations such as Greenpeace are vehemently opposed to it.[[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 19:31, 18 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::This article is a completely unsourced diatribe. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:16, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== pictures ==&lt;br /&gt;
We need some pictures--[[User:Kádár Tamás|Kádár Tamás]] 04:32, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Admin: Can we use wikipedia.org pictures? --[[User:Kádár Tamás|Kádár Tamás]] 04:33, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:yes if it's public domain.[[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 04:36, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Ideological inconsistencies ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't think I would be too wrong in saying that conservative young-earth creationism and skepticism over human-induced climate change usually go together, not all the time of course, but on this site they seem to. Whats strange however, is that geological evidence is cited uncritically in this article in order to discredit human-induced climate change:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;Global warming is a natural periodic increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere, and it has always been followed by period of global cooling ... According to geologists, the Earth has experience numerous ice ages.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Even though this is incompatible with young earth creationism. To quote from Conservapedia's own [[Ice Age]] entry: &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;Mainstream geologists and Young Earth creationists are at odds over whether any ice ages have actually occurred.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A clear demonstration, in my opinion, of the type of muddled thinking that conservative fundamentalist ideology generates. (These inconsistent portions of the articles were even added by the same author: [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Global_warming&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=124708 Global warming edit history] and [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Ice_Age&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=113042 Ice Age edit history].)&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 14:59, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, it's more a typical demonstration of jumping to conclunions on  the part of liberals. I'm the author of the current [[global warming]] article, and I'm not a YEC. :P --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:13, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::I would also point out that I am the main author of the [[Theory of evolution]] article which is definitely critical the macroevolutionary position, and I am undecided regarding the global warming issue in regards to its possible causes and its possible effects. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 18:44, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::You still add criticism of mainstream geology when it suits you, and uncritically marshal it in your support when it doesn't. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 16:35, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Orgone has a very good point.  A YEC should have no issue with global warming since the earth has not been around long enough to go through these climate changes that geologists say we have gone through.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 08:32, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''See also:''' [[Nineteen_Eighty-Four | Doublethink]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Liberal bias==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would like to ask anyone who disagrees with top U.S. climate experts - Harvard and MIT scientists and U.S. state climatologists - to go slowly and carefully when editing this article.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My dad majored in physics, and I got top grades in math and physics. There is a lot of liberal misinformation about [[Anthropogenic global warming]] tied to the UN-promoted [[Kyoto Protocol]], the global warming treaty which seeks a &amp;quot;[[carbon tax]]&amp;quot; and other forms of [[emissions trading]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:12, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Well ''my'' dad is bigger than ''your'' dad so ''there''! (Childish of me i know, but i couldn't resist it!) :-p [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 07:18, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Java, I agree with some of your edits, but I think that the first paragraph should stick to undisputed facts. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 15:58, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I aded references. [[User:Java|Java]] 17:12, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Not all references tell the truth. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 17:22, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Is this a joke? I referenced from Nature, PNAS, Science and GISS. Why should the current references tell the truth? [[User:Java|Java]] 17:24, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::for 1 thing anything talking about &amp;quot;the last 420,000 years&amp;quot; is wrong. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 17:26, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::I am a little vexed. Do you want to put me on? [[User:Java|Java]] 17:28, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Java, YEC's, since they don't believe the Earth is older than 6,000 years or so, won't accept those figures. RSchlafly, I have once again protected this article, so stop this kind of constant arguing. Please keep an eye peeled for our more Liberal Sysop's opening it up.  Thanks! --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:32, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::As I pointed out above in '''Ideological Inconsistencies''', if this site is to view everything through the distorting mirror that is YEC, why do the references to [[Ice Age]]s stay in the introductory section? [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 07:40, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Um, please freeze on a version with facts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not to rock the boat or anything, but the current un-editable version of the Global Warming page has essentially no scientific merit. Could someone please revert to a version with some actual discussion of global warming. I'm happy to write it. It involves sunshine, blackbody radiation, the infrared absorption properties of carbon dioxide, and an explanation of climate feedbacks. -Ifixthings &lt;br /&gt;
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: I agree. Describe global warming accurately first. Get into the politics later. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 20:01, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Cool, Roger. Open it, edit it, do whatever.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 00:15, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Okay, I unlocked it. Please keep science and politics separate. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 01:00, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I love the nice accurate new version. I give it five minutes before it's reverted.--[[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 17:22, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
**Yeah, it didn't last long, which is stupid because it was much more correct.[[User:Ifixthings|Ifixthings]] 17:43, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh Ed Poor... You make me an sad panda, those corrections you made are quite horrible. The version by Ifixthings was a good one, and the missing citations could be corrected quite fast, already found several good and reliable sources. Wikintrepeter at least fixed the most outrageous claims. But still some are left like: &amp;quot;However, the UN offers no proof of a scientific consensus on the subject&amp;quot; Still at least 30 scientific societies and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries support the claim and only one to my knowledge opposes it, that being American Association of Petroleum Geologists. And to be honest, them opposing it isn't really surprising. Im seriously baffled how one can deny the scientific consensus here, and seeing what i claim to be intellectual dishonesty makes me really sad, as this is something which will directly affect our lives and if not ours then at least our children's. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 17:59, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Both of the APA's voted that homosexuality is not a mental illness. Does that make it true? Are you quite sure their votes were not politically motivated?&lt;br /&gt;
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:It doesn't matter how many '''groups''' take a stand on a matter of science. It only matters what the science actually is. But if you care about polls, what percent of climate scientists support or oppose the [[Anthropogenic global warming]] theory? If you know, do speak up. :-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:04, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: Ed, at minimum it matters what groups take a position since you claimed that &amp;quot;the UN offers no proof of a scientific consensus on the subject&amp;quot;. Even if that weren't the issue at hand, the number of people who are experts on an issue and have come to a conclusion a certain way about the issue does matter. While it doesn't alter who is correct in an absolute sense it does alter the estimated probability of an opinion being correct for someone who is trying to get some idea what to do and who does not have the time or resources to go through all the data that the experts do. That logic applies to any application of a scientific endeavor. For example there are still some geocentrists, the government when formulating policy does not need to worry about them. This is true for a politician whether or not that politician has bothered to understand what is wrong with geocentrism. Note that I'm not saying that global warming is equivalent to geocentrism but making the point that when evaluating claims on limited data or resources, the opinion of the vast majority matters. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:10, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::JoshuaZ allready gave so good answer that i have little to add to it. Im not sure if there has been done any exact polls on how many percentage of the experts on this area support or opposes anthropogenic global warming, but ill try to find one. Alltho i think that allready the number of supporting scientific societies and academies of science and the lack of opposing ones gives an quite good picture of the situation. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 18:42, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::A trustworthy article should give scientific facts, don't you agree? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:43, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::I really dont see where you are aiming at with this, as the link i just gave on the conversation bit below, shows that allready at year 2000 there where no studyes to be found that opposed the concencus, but offcourse there will allways be some &amp;quot;scientists&amp;quot; who disagree. if you are aiming for universal acceptance of an theory before it can be called an scientific fact, i must say we really dont have any. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 19:08, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''The Earth has experienced numerous ice ages over the past two million years,'' YECs why don`t you delete this phrase and block the article? --[[User:Java|Java]] 18:12, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Joshua, the top experts say it's natural, and surveys of climatologists agree. What exactly is your point? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:15, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::: That's simply false. The UN report which you dislike was written by the top experts, who signed off on it. Again, the vast majority of the relevant scientific organizations have agreed. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:19, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::I've asked you twice for proof of this. I ask you here one last time. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:33, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: Sigh. Did you read what I wrote on your talk page or not? Almost every single author of the reports(and I listed a few as examples) is a respected scientist and there are about 40 authors to each report. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:51, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::::Found atleast [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/306/5702/1686 this] as an partial answer to the question here and above, alltho the report is already quite old and rapid progress has been made during few years, even at year 2000 this study didn't found '''any''' studies that disagreed with the consensus. That should already tell something. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 19:00, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::: Hmm, interesting quote from that &amp;quot;This analysis shows that scientists publishing in the peer-reviewed literature agree with IPCC, the National Academy of Sciences, and the public statements of their professional societies. Politicians, economists, journalists, and others may have the impression of confusion, disagreement, or discord among climate scientists, but that impression is incorrect.&amp;quot; [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 19:12, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A literature search by a [[Kyoto Protocol]] supporter is not the same as a study or a survey. It means nothing. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:14, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Celsius ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How come the article states the degrees for temperature in Celsius? Shouldn't we be using Fahrenheit which what Americans use? If we are supposed to use American spellings for words shouldn't we also use the American system for measurements? --[[User:AdrianP|AdrianP]] 17:28, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I would prefer to use Fahrenheit. The near-surface temperature has increased one degree Fahrenheit since the lowest point of the [[Little Ice Age]] in 1850. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 17:45, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I would prefer Kelvin. --[[User:Java|Java]] 18:12, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Maybe because Celsius degrees are bigger, so the changes seem smaller? Anyway, I agree that deg. F should be used, as they what are used by people in the US (except scientists...). [[User:Human|Human]] 18:46, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Oh man, I am so embarrassed, I just saw what my edit summary &amp;quot;looks like&amp;quot;.  I can't go back and remove it now, either.  Sorry about that. [[User:Human|Human]] 18:48, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::: Suggestion, since this is a science topic, failure to use Celsius or Kelvin is an issue. On the other hand, many Americans (who I presume are the primary readers) have so little understanding that they won't be helped much by degrees in Celsius. Why not give both? [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:50, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::That's flippin' brilliant!  Would you mind doing it?  My 9/5erizer is broken today and the parts won't be in 'til Tuesday. [[User:Human|Human]] 19:23, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: I'll do it later. I need ot get dinner now. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 19:31, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Political bias==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The essay by the science history teacher who supports the Kyoto Protocol contains no information about the percentage of climatologists who support or reject AGW. And ''Science'' might be a popular journal, but it's notorious for rejecting valid science on specious grounds that it's &amp;quot;not of interest to their readers&amp;quot;. I guess this means their readers only want to hear things which fit their preconceived notions. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:20, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Um, what? Science isn't a &amp;quot;popular journal&amp;quot; but is one of the two most highly thought of journal (the other being Nature). They reject the vast majority of material they get and only accept the highest quality material that is relevant to a broad range of audience. The only people to whom Science is notorious are the people who can't accept science. And while were at it, whether or not a percentage study exists isn't that relevant when the consensus measured in other fashions (such as the fraction of major scientific organizations which agree with it) is clear. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:23, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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No? ''This analysis shows that scientists publishing in the peer-reviewed literature agree with IPCC, the National Academy of Sciences, and the public statements of their professional societies. Politicians, economists, journalists, and others may have the impression of confusion, disagreement, or discord among climate scientists, but that impression is incorrect.'' --[[User:Java|Java]] 18:24, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Where does it show this? Please quote one peer-reviewed article in which the author says &amp;quot;I agree with the IPCC about (anything).&amp;quot; --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:34, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I posted a reference to one (Jones, P. D., M. New, D. E. Parker, S. Martin, and I. G. Rigor (1999), Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years, Rev. Geophys., 37(2), 173–200.), but you deleted it. Why did you do that? I'm trying to make this page accurate with the science, and people keep putting politics into it. This is a science topic.&lt;br /&gt;
:And a recent examples: &lt;br /&gt;
Good SA, Corlett GK, Remedios JJ, Noyes EJ, Llewellyn-Jones DT (2007) The Global Trend in Sea Surface Temperature from 20 Years of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Data. Journal of Climate: Vol. 20, No. 7 pp. 1255–1264 [[User:Ifixthings|Ifixthings]] 18:53, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hegerl GC, Crowley TJ, Allen M, Hyde WT, Pollack HN, et al. (2007) Detection of Human Influence on a New, Validated 1500-Year Temperature Reconstruction. Journal of Climate: Vol. 20, No. 4 pp. 650–666&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Independent scientists such as ...  [[Fred Singer]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fred Singer and organizations for which he has worked for appear to have received grants and funding from the oil companies.[http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1] Is there evidence to the contrary of this?  Is it appropriate to categorize Fred Singer as an independent scientist with these associations?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 18:36, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:That's what the courts say, and Liberals usually abide by court decisions. The last guy who tried to slander Singer lost his shirt. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:49, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:: My question is not one of slander but rather if the word 'independent' is being used to describe one scientist in an effort to lend support to his views, and not to others who are equally independent who hold contrasting views.  In that case, the word is being used in an inconsistent and biased way.  Why is one scientist independent when another is not? --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 19:11, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Oh, well by &amp;quot;independent&amp;quot; I just meant &amp;quot;speaking for himself&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;not constrained by his employer to toe the organizational line&amp;quot;. Like Lindzen at MIT, having tenure, can say what he wants. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:13, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: Like [[James Hansen]] - the NASA scientist who was told not to talk about global warming?[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/03/17/60minutes/main1415985.shtml][http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6341451/][http://www.abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=1555183]&lt;br /&gt;
:::Then how come he can  talk about how he was told not to talk about global warming?[[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 20:22, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::False citation: #11 doesn't say he was told not to talk about global warming, it just says that official press releases would be scrutinized. #12 doesn't mention his ability to talk at all; in it Hansen accuses Bush of stifling evidence (but without giving any examples of this supposed stifling). #13 says &amp;quot;Hansen says threats from NASA officials came only by phone, with nothing in writing&amp;quot; but doesn't give the wording of this supposed &amp;quot;threat&amp;quot; or even a summary of it. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::This is typical of liberals: they make claims which have no evidence. The entire case on global warming consists of claims that &amp;quot;the world's top scientists agree&amp;quot; but they give no polls to support this &amp;quot;consensus&amp;quot; claim. They say that &amp;quot;models predict&amp;quot; but when the models are contradicted by observations they say that &amp;quot;models aren't predictions&amp;quot;. They say it's carbon dioxide, but CO2 levels have been much higher in the past when there was cooling, and anyway the climate record of the last 400 million years show an 800 year lag between temperature change and CO2 change - CO2 '''follows''' temperature, rather than driving it. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::They are politicizing science while running a well orchestrated PR campaign of calling the kettle black. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 20:41, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 20:29, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Climatology is not a well established science and some staunch conservatives are environmentalists so...... ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Climatology is not a well established science that can even predict what the weather is going to be like in two years or even 3 weeks from now.   With that in mind, could we please hear both sides of the argument and leave it at that.  I realize that environmentalists have made bad predictions in the past. [http://www.overpopulation.com/faq/basic_information/what_happened_predictions.html][http://www.sepp.org/key%20issues/misuse/failpred.html]  On the other hand, corporate America has certainly had their shares of environmental abuses (Love Canal, etc).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lastly, I would point out that many conservative evangelical Christians are environmentalists. [http://www.ajustsociety.org/press/article_ideasinaction.asp?pr=2178]  Dr. Francis Schaeffer for example, cited the importance of taking care of the environment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, considering that climatology is not a well established science and considering the fact that staunch conservatives are sometimes environmentalists, could we just give both sides and be done with it? [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 18:41, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Gen. 1:28 pretty much says it all, as far as the environment goes.&lt;br /&gt;
:*And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.&lt;br /&gt;
:Sounds like it's ours to use or lose, so I reckon we best take good care of it. Getting all the scientific facts ought to help us do that. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:54, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== removed uncited statement. can anyone give a citation? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I removed this uncited statement:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;However, the UN offers no proof of a scientific consensus on the subject, and all polls of scientists show anywhere from 25% to 75% disagreement with the UN position.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Can anyone give a citation? [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 19:25, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I can't prove that the UN offers no proof; I just never saw any proof from them. So the &amp;quot;no proof&amp;quot; claim should be taken out.&lt;br /&gt;
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:But I put in a survey which said climatologists are evenly split. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:35, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: If I read my current events right, some of the disagreement with the UN position was that it was not strongly worded enough. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 19:48, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Strong criticism against one of the sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the citations: [http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=17181] claims that there is an study that shows scientist to be evenly split on the issue of climate warming. This &amp;quot;study&amp;quot; has been very strongly criticized and it's submission to Science on December 22, 2004 was rejected. Reasons being that it was done on internet, anonymously with no way of knowing who had answered to it. It was password protected in an attempt to limit the people answering but the password was posted to an climate skeptics mailing list [http://timlambert.org/2005/05/bray/]. Ill remove this entry from our pages from two reasons. 1. the citation is very unreliable 2. the text on CP is straight copy from the article it citates. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 20:50, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Seams i should have made the headline to say: against two of the sources. The article now claims: One scientist, Michael Mann, was investigated by the U.S. Senate for a scientific fraud uncovered by two persistent statistics experts (see Hockey stick graph). This really makes me wonder if the author has even read his own sources, Mr Mann was never investigated by the Senate or even accused of anything, thats an outright lie and the source never even claims this, so thats all made up by the author here. He was there just to testify on the matter of climate change. Mr. Soon and Ms. Baliunas challenged Mr. Mann's claims but for some reason there is no answer from Mr.Mann in the article. His response can be found here: [http://www.princeton.edu/~step/people/FORUM.pdf] Where he refutes the accusations made against the study. Im going to remove the clear lies from the article and add Mr. Manns response to the criticism. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 21:45, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Image ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I took out the graph; we can do better. It is not labelled on either axis, and does not tell us what it is measuring. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:05, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Effects of global warming==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cut from end of article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Part of the political motivation for acting on Global Warming may be the fact that there is wide agreement among the American public that Global Warming is a reality. A poll conducted March 11-14 of 2007 found that the majority of the American public (59%) believes we are already seeing the effects of Global Warming, an additional 3% and 8% respectively believe they will see the effects with in a few years or within their lifetime, and 19% believe that Global Warming will be seen, not in their lifetime, but in future generations—only a small minority 8% believe that Global Warming will never happen. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Poling report on Gallup poll for March 11-14, 2007[http://www.pollingreport.com/enviro.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This paragraph does not distinguish between &amp;quot;global warming&amp;quot;, i.e., a rise in temperature and &amp;quot;the Global Warming theory&amp;quot;, i.e., the idea that catastrophic warming will take place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also undefined is &amp;quot;the effects of Global Warming&amp;quot;. What are those supposed to be? Rising sea levels? (These are unrelated to the recent rise, as even the UN assessment admits.) More frequent and severe hurricanes? (Not observed so far.) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:13, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The poll itself didn’t appear to make that distinction.  Politicians, like it or not, act on the basis of the poll numbers (even when polls don’t make distinctions).  Find better numbers if you can, I couldn’t, but the fact remains that (however those taking the poll understood “effects”) the American public belies the “effects” will be seen, this large public interest in Global Warming is part of why politicians are talking about it (If the public thought it wasn’t going to happen most politicians wouldn’t care about it).  This is why the poll was placed in the politics section rather than in some other, more scientific section.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 18:18, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Since, I think the paragraph has been well explained and I’m seeing no response to my explanation; I take it there is a consensus that this belongs where it was.  I’ll return it if I see no objection in the next day(ish). --[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 15:38, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Seeing no objections I’m restoring the paragraph to the article.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 15:41, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Vandalism Edit==&lt;br /&gt;
I am sorry Learn together, I did not mean to take out your edit.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 17:50, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:That's ok, no problem.  I was just surprised when I looked and right after my edit it said 'removed vandalism'. ;-)  I didn't catch it myself until I saw your change. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 17:56, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Ice ages and hypocrisy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The Earth has experienced numerous ice ages over the past two million years&amp;quot; - not according to this wiki's article on [[Ice Age]].  You can't have it both ways, did they occur, and is the earth at least 2,000,000 years old, or did they not and is it not? [[User:Human|Human]] 21:44, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
........--[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 07:51, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::[[Young Earth Creationism|Creationary scientists]] believe that there was a single Ice Age that lasted around 700 years following [[Great Flood|Noah's Flood]].  (REF: Batten, Don, et. al., 2007, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/cabook/chapter16.pdf ''What about the Ice Age?''], ''The Creation Answers Book'', Chapter 16).  I guess I was hoping for a clearer answer than &amp;quot;........&amp;quot;, which I don't understand.  [[User:Human|Human]] 16:46, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Cite Leading Group of Climate Change Skeptics? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the IPCC is included in the introduction to this entry, it's appropriate that the leading group of climate change skeptics be cited, instead of individual scientists. Does anybody know what the appropriate body to cite is? I'm aware of &amp;quot;The Friends of Science&amp;quot;, but I believe they're exclusively Canadian. [[User:Dbarefoot|Dbarefoot]] 08:29, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Qualifers on IPCC in Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I posit that if we're going to lay out the groups on both side of the global warming debate, they ought to be qualified equally, or not at all. I don't think these qualifiers are appropriate in introductions--they belong in the particular entries about the individuals or groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As I've queried above, I think it makes sense to describe the leading group of climate change skeptics or doubters, as they seem a natural counterpoint to the IPCC. Citing individual scientists seems too anecdotal for an encyclopedia, which ought to seek to be conclusive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;quot; removing liberalness&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is now given as a reason to alter an article?  Ironically, the rather few &amp;quot;non-liberal&amp;quot; qualifiers I have ever typed were all reverted.  Maybe because a liberal is not allowed to say these things?  Or perhaps, just because since I can't understand them, I can't push the POV appropriately? [[User:Human|Human]] 23:05, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Look at the statement i removed.  i removed it because it was unsourced. perhaps i should have said &amp;quot;removing unsourced statement&amp;quot;[[User:Bohdan|Bohdan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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== How about these changes? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Several prominent scientists have pointed out the politicized science of the UN's assessment methods. The scientific reports are submitted to a panel of representatives appointed by each country in the IPCC. Several scientists have complained about their work being misrepresented by the U.N.[Citation Needed] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I was going to use  -&amp;gt; http://heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=16806 &amp;lt;- this as a citation before the page got locked :)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
....and also I must take issue with this statement. &amp;quot;The scenario most postulated is dust storms.[4]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Dust storms are not the &amp;quot;most&amp;quot; postulated -- The sun's solar cycles are just as much of a plausable theory....&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070228-mars-warming.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I have no problem with that change, and I'm the one who entered the original information. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 12:42, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Neptune ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I just read today that global warming has been found to be occurring on Neptune.  It matches the same pattern for the time period found upon Mars and earth.  It may be safe to assume that is not due to human intervention. ;-) [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 21:20, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Where did you see this? I'd be very interested in reading about this in more detail. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 21:50, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::The findings appeared in a recent issue of Geophysical Research Letters. The authors of the article, H.B. Hammel and G.W. Lockwood from the Space Science Institute in Colorado and the Lowell Observatory in Arizona, note that measurements of visible light from Neptune have been taken at the Observatory since 1950.  I hope this is enough information to 'dig' it up. ;-) [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 04:05, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Learn, you posted on my talk page, and I replied.  Let me know. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 07:42, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I changed the header title before posting here, I hope I didn't step on any toes. The Header ''was'' '''Global Warming on other Planets''' Which I changed to '''Warming ''of'' other Planets'''. I did this to prevent confusion, though indeed the other planets are ''also'' globes but usually, (in my experience) &amp;quot;global&amp;quot; means the sum and totality of Earth. Feel free to change it back if'n you want. - [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:36, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Secular scientists 'believe'==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is surely an error. This should read 'secular scientists have [[experiment]]al evidence that indicates'. Nobody gets peer-reviewed work published on the basis of 'belief'.--[[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 12:25, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Is it an error?  No.  It is correct as it is.  &amp;quot;Belief&amp;quot; means to give assent to an idea.  It does not mean, despite the way some atheistic types think of it, as accepting an idea without evidence or good reason.&lt;br /&gt;
:Is it the best way to word it?  Maybe not, but I'm not happy with your suggestion either.  If I remember, I'll have more of a think about it.&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 22:55, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::How about &amp;quot;Secular scientists think&amp;quot;? [[User:Human|Human]] 00:03, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::To my mind, &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; is the better word.  &amp;quot;Think&amp;quot; to me indicates some doubt, whereas &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; can be a very strong conviction.  But not everybody sees it that way, so I'll agree to changing it to &amp;quot;think&amp;quot;, and in fact I've just done that.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 08:44, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*This article has taken on drastic changes, it is a diluted, semi-neutral piece.  It needs to be overhauled without the Liberal bias, and the removed material from warming skeptics added back. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 08:47, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
What is wrong with semi-neutral???  Is it only good if it carries a right wing arch-conservative bent?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 09:18, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Britnme, it is not true that getting peer-reviewed work published is a guarantee that it is based on experimental evidence. It only means that no obvious errors were found, and that the editor thinks it will interest his readers. &lt;br /&gt;
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:Peer review of journal articles is the gold standard of publishing, but it is NOT the essence of the scientific method. Nor is it directly related to how science advances. Reading an article is one thing. [[Reproducibility of results]] is another. It can take years and even decades for enough scientists to confirm or disprove an idea which has been reported in a scientific journal. The [[History of science]] shows this. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:37, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==AGW==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cut from article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:... contrasts with the effects predicted for [[anthropogenic global warming]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What effects are predicted? And on what basis? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:07, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Global_warming&amp;diff=162314</id>
		<title>Global warming</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Global_warming&amp;diff=162314"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T18:30:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Global Warming on other Planets */ global = Earth. no? renamed header&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Global warming''' is the term ascribed to an increase in global average surface temperature. Average Earth surface air temperature has risen just over one degree since 1850. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hansen's group at the Goddard Institute wrote, &amp;quot;Global warming is now 0.6&amp;amp;nbsp;°C [1.0&amp;amp;nbsp;°F] in the past three decades and 0.8&amp;amp;nbsp;°C [1.4&amp;amp;nbsp;°F]in the past century.&amp;quot; http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/2005/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Scientists such as [[Richard Lindzen]] of MIT, [[Sallie Baliunas]] of Harvard and [[Fred Singer]] (independent) say that the patterns of global warming are naturally caused (see [[climate cycles]]).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assessments by the United Nations promote the view that the warming since around 1850 is mostly human-caused.&lt;br /&gt;
In February, 2007, the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]], a body of climate change scientists&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-0704280477apr29,1,4275902.story?coll=chi-newsnationworld-hed&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; established by the [[United Nations]], released their fourth assessment report on climate change. That report concluded that recent global climate change was &amp;quot;very likely&amp;quot; caused by human activity, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6321351.stm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Politicians who support the [[Kyoto Protocol]] have made the claim that there is a cause and effect relationship between increases in atmospheric concentrations of [[greenhouse gas]]es and air temperature.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Natural variability of the climate system==&lt;br /&gt;
Secular scientists think that the Earth has experienced numerous [[Ice Age|ice age]]s over two million years, during which global temperatures dropped approximately 6 degrees Celsius and then returned to normal. The frigid temperatures allowed ice sheets to expand southward, covering much of [[Asia]], [[Europe]], and [[North America]]. The cooling associated with ice ages is gradual, while the terminations are relatively rapid. However, even the rapid terminations of ice ages take centuries to millennia.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Warming of other Planets==&lt;br /&gt;
And it's not just the earth that has variations.  Since the Viking spacecraft reached Mars in the 1970's until recent readings were taken, the average temperature on Mars has risen 1.1 degrees Fahrenheit just as the average temperature on the earth has risen.  Since human industrialization is probably not to blame for the change on Mars, other causes are being considered.  The scenario most postulated by those who believe this is due to local changes on Mars and is not is dust storms&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/070404_gw_mars.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, although solar conditions are certainly a possibility.  Recently, it has also been found that similar to the earth and Mars, that [[Neptune]] is undergoing global warming as well.  Measurements taken at the Lowell observatory in Arizona have shown an increase in Neptune's brightness and temperature since 1980 following the same pattern found on the earth, and Mars.  As with Mars, it is assumed this is not due to human influence. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2007.../2006GL028764.shtml]]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Politics of global warming==&lt;br /&gt;
The global average surface temperature warmed about 0.5&amp;amp;nbsp;°C (0.9&amp;amp;nbsp;°F) over the second half of the 20th Century,{{Fact-science}} and to some the warming appears to be related to increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The possibility of adverse consequences has become a major concern for environmentalists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assessments of climate science by the United Nations (see [[IPCC]] - ''Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change'')&lt;br /&gt;
have claimed that scientists are 90% sure that over 50% of the observed global warming in recent decades is human-caused, and that continued global warming should be expected over at lease the next century. Science published a literature search by Naomi Oreskes concluding that &amp;quot;scientific consensus&amp;quot; overwhelmingly supports the IPCC reports. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/306/5702/1686]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Several prominent scientists have pointed out the [[politicized science]] of the UN's assessment methods. The scientific reports are submitted to a panel of representatives appointed by each country in the IPCC. Several scientists have complained about their work being misrepresented by the U.N.{{Fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is wide agreement among the American public that Global Warming is a reality. A poll conducted March 11-14 of 2007 found that the majority of the American public (59%) believes we are already seeing the effects of Global Warming, an additional 3% and 8% respectively believe they will see the effects with in a few years or within their lifetime, and 19% believe that Global Warming will be seen, not in their lifetime, but in future generations—only a small minority 8% believe that Global Warming will never happen. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Poling report on Gallup poll for March 11-14, 2007[http://www.pollingreport.com/enviro.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Scientists ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Rogerrevelle.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Roger Revelle, Al Gore's mentor.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{|&lt;br /&gt;
| valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;35%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Roger Revelle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Achim Steiner]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Fred Singer]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Richard Lindzen]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sallie Baliunas]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Lonnie Thompson]]&lt;br /&gt;
| valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;33%&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* [[James E. Hansen]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Michael Mann]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charles Keeling]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Edwin A. Hernández-Delgado]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://schwinger.harvard.edu/~motl/global-temperature-not-exist.pdf Does a global temperature exist?], ''Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics'', June 2007.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.magma.ca/~hurleyp/FightingTheHoax.htm Fighting the Hoax]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://environment.guardian.co.uk/climatechange/story/0,,2032821,00.html The appliance of science] by Mike Hulme.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.climatecrisis.net/ ''An Inconvenient Truth''], Film by [[Al Gore]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.physics.harvard.edu/%7Emotl/iris-effect.pdf Climate Sensitivity and Observed Negative Feedbacks], lecture by Richard Lindzen and Roberto Rondanelli.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.physics.harvard.edu/%7Emotl/lindzen-nature-of-arguments.pdf Nature of Arguments for Anthropogenic Global Warming], by Richard Lindzen&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/regv15n2/reg15n2g.html Global Warming: The Origin and Nature of the Alleged Scientific Consensus] - [[Richard S. Lindzen]], Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://washingtontimes.com/commentary/20030825-090130-5881r.htm Global warming smear targets]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ncpa.org/sub/dpd/index.php?Article_ID=2319 The physical evidence of earth's unstoppable 1,500-year climate cycle]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=17181 Survey Shows Climatologists Are Split on Global Warming]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4499562022478442170 The Great Global Warming Swindle - Documentary Film]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:earth science]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:Liberal Falsehoods]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Sir_Cameron_King&amp;diff=158721</id>
		<title>Talk:Sir Cameron King</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Sir_Cameron_King&amp;diff=158721"/>
		<updated>2007-05-13T15:43:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: New page: ==Moving this edit to talk== '''But note:''' Sir Cameron claims that his King Corporation has assets of $200 ''billion'' dollars, but as there are no references on the internet to him or h...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Moving this edit to talk==&lt;br /&gt;
'''But note:''' Sir Cameron claims that his King Corporation has assets of $200 ''billion'' dollars, but as there are no references on the internet to him or his Corporation except the entries on Conservapedia, it seems that these entries are hoaxes. [[User:Wilmington|Wilmington]] 16:28, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
'''Moved by [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Atheism&amp;diff=156985</id>
		<title>Atheism</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Atheism&amp;diff=156985"/>
		<updated>2007-05-12T04:59:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Atheism''' defined by the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' and the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' is the denial of the existence of any [[God]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atheism-agnosticism/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/1998&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Well-known atheists include [[Bertrand Russell]], [[Ayn Rand]], [[Stephen Jay Gould]], [[Richard Dawkins]], [[Douglas Adams]], [[William Borden]] and [[Sam Harris]].  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Definitions of &amp;quot;atheism&amp;quot; used in debate ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are ''active'' and ''passive'' senses in which the term &amp;quot;atheism&amp;quot; can be used - because of the nature of the term the active sense is the original and by far the most common. However, in debate the sense in which atheism is defined may shift from &amp;quot;the active denial of the existence of God&amp;quot;, to merely &amp;quot;the passive lack of belief in the existence of God&amp;quot;. This can be seen as an attempt to shift the burden of proof from the atheist to disprove the existence of God, on to the theist to prove the existence of God.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/1998&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Recently a number of atheists have attempted to redefine the meaning of atheism as a lack of belief in the existence of God because they wish to shift the burden of proof in regards to the question of the existence of God. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/athart3.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
These ''active'' and ''passive'' senses are ''logically'' equivalent because they both equate to '''&amp;quot;God exists = False&amp;quot;''', but they are ''pragmatically'' distinct, because denying the existence of ''X'', and ''X'' being amongst the things one has never considered the existence of, are different psychological states. The argument for them being different psychological states is that if &amp;quot;''X'' being amongst the things one has never considered the existence of&amp;quot; were psychologically equivalent to the denial of the existence of ''X'', then one would have to hold an infinite number of beliefs in the non-existence of all logically possible ''X''s, but since the human mind is finite, this cannot be the case.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nevertheless, this distinction is a rhetorical device only, and does not succeed in shifting any burden of proof. This is because not only is the issue of burden of proof still, strictly-speaking, independent of the issue of the sense in which the term &amp;quot;atheism&amp;quot; is used, but it is impossible even to identify oneself as an atheist in the ''passive'' sense described above. Once one has considered the question of the existence of God (which one must do in order to describe ''oneself'' as an atheist), to be an atheist one must actively deny the existence of God. This is because, presuming agreement on the definition of God, a so-called passive atheist would be unable to describe the following sentence as either true or false: &amp;quot;God exists.&amp;quot; To answer &amp;quot;True&amp;quot; is theism, to answer &amp;quot;False&amp;quot; is active atheism, and to answer &amp;quot;Neither&amp;quot; is not atheism at all, but agnosticism, and the option of ignoring the question is lost by entering the debate at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Atheist morality ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Atheists typically hold that no religious text can be our only source of morality, although they may contain useful ideas or principles. As atheists do not believe in any form of deity, books purported to be based upon the revealed words of such deities are not considered to have any more inherent moral authority than books written by people. For instance, it may be claimed that events in the Bible itself even encourage immoral behavior, such as the Israelite expulsion of heathen nations from Canaan, the stoning to death of [http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/gay/long.htm homosexuals], poor treatment of women, and the institution of [http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/says_about/slavery.html slavery]. [[Christian apologetics|Christian apologetists]] claim, however, that these objections to the goodness of God are invalid. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.tektonics.org/lp/outrage.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.comereason.org/bibl_cntr/con030.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.christian-thinktank.com/qnoslave.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/feedback/2007/0202.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Despite their disbelief in God, many atheists live their lives to a high ethical standard as evidenced by a divorce rate among atheists that is much lower than that of Christians or Jews.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_dira.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study of morality outside of a theistic framework falls under the [[Philosophy| Philosophical]] topic of [[Ethics]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Christian View of Origins ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is difficult to trace the origins of atheism as a result of the incomplete historic record. It is known that ancient Greece produced a theory of materialism as early as the 5th century BC.  Materialism is a philosophical position that the material is all that exists. Therefore, it automatically excludes immaterial beings. In addition to materialism the Greeks also considered Spiritualism, in which the material world is an illusion and only spirit exists, as well as dualism, in which both the material and the spiritual exist (e.g. Christianity). It is important to note that while many atheists are strict materialists, some are not. As an example, some philosophical systems generally regarded as religions (i.e. Buddhism) lack deities and thus could be regarded as &amp;quot;atheistic faiths.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The writer of the Book of Psalms knew of atheists and atheism and registered disapproval in Psalm 14:  &amp;quot;The Fool hath said in his heart, There is no God.&amp;quot; The book of Psalms precedes the 5th century BC by hundreds of years {{fact}}.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Atheist Population ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the [[Great Britain]] 2001 census, 15.5% of the population identify themselves as having no religious beliefs [http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=293 2001 Census].  This category included [[agnostics]], atheists, [[heathens]] and those who wrote [[Jedi Knight]]. However other articles [http://www.harrisinteractive.com/news/allnewsbydate.asp?NewsID=1131 suggest] a much higher rate of around 52% in the UK once agnostics have been considered.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More specific research on atheists conducted in 2006 [http://www.harrisinteractive.com/news/allnewsbydate.asp?NewsID=1131 suggests] that the true proportion of Atheists is 4% in the United States, 17% in Great Britain and 32% in France.  The Christian research organization, the Barna Group, [http://www.barna.org/FlexPage.aspx?Page=BarnaUpdate&amp;amp;BarnaUpdateID=160 reports] that 12% of Americans are atheist or agnostic. Given that the methodology of the Barna Group study does not distinguish between atheists and agnostics, it is impossible to say if their results support, or contradict, the 4% figure. Estimates of the prevalence in atheism in the United States are, however, almost always much lower than comparable estimates from Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to keep in mind that surveys containing an option for &amp;quot;no religion&amp;quot; are not necessarily identifying solely atheists. Indeed, many individuals may believe strongly in some form of god but not subscribe to any one particular religion, and as a result will enter a response of &amp;quot;no religion&amp;quot; on surveys. As an example, 14.39% of the respondents to the 2004 General Social Survey in the United States claim to have &amp;quot;no religion.&amp;quot; Of a subsample (197 respondents) of those persons with no religion who answered a second question on the origins of man, 19.80% believe that God created man while an additional 43.15% believe that God created man by guiding evolution over time. Thus, cumulatively 62.95% of those with &amp;quot;no religion&amp;quot; still believe that God was directly responsible for the creation of man in some fashion. Clearly, then, many of those claiming to have &amp;quot;no religion&amp;quot; are not atheists. These data are available and can be analyzed online [http://sda.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/hsda?harcsda+gss04 GSS Data Online]. Additionally, some atheists consider atheism to be a religion and will not respond that they have &amp;quot;no religion&amp;quot; on surveys, often preferring an &amp;quot;other&amp;quot; option.&lt;br /&gt;
It is also important to take account that identification with a theistic religion does not necessarily imply a belief in God; For example a poll conducted in the [[United Kingdom]] in April 2006 indicated that 63% of Christians believed in a &amp;quot;God or higher spiritual force&amp;quot; and 14% did not&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.communicateresearch.com/poll.php?id=77 Communicate Research poll for Premier Radio and the Evangelical Alliance (April 2006)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Public Disapproval of Atheists in America ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Research by Penny Edgell, Joseph Gerteis and Douglas Hartmann in the American Sociological Review [http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/asoca/asr/2006/00000071/00000002/art00003 indicates] that most Americans would be more willing to vote for a homosexual or Muslim presidential candidate than an atheist. The same study indicates that 47.6% of Americans would disapprove of their child marrying an atheist. More recent [http://www.galluppoll.com/content/default.aspx?ci=26611&amp;amp;pg=1 Gallup polls] confirm this finding and indicate that atheists are among the most disliked minorities in the United States. In addition, former President George H.W. Bush has previously [http://www.positiveatheism.org/writ/ghwbush.htm stated] that he does not believe atheists should be considered citizens of the United States.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Edgell, Gerteis &amp;amp; Hartmann 2006- Table 1 (Percentage of respondents answering affirmatively):&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! &lt;br /&gt;
! This Group Does Not At All Agree with My Vision of American Society:&lt;br /&gt;
! I Would Disapprove if My Child Wanted to Marry a Member of This Group:&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Atheist&lt;br /&gt;
| 39.6%&lt;br /&gt;
| 47.6%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Muslim&lt;br /&gt;
| 26.3%&lt;br /&gt;
| 33.5%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Homosexual&lt;br /&gt;
| 22.6%&lt;br /&gt;
| NA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Conservative Christian&lt;br /&gt;
| 13.5%&lt;br /&gt;
| 6.9%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Recent Immigrant&lt;br /&gt;
| 12.5%&lt;br /&gt;
| Not Asked&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Hispanic&lt;br /&gt;
| 7.6%&lt;br /&gt;
| 18.5%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Jew&lt;br /&gt;
| 7.4%&lt;br /&gt;
| 11.8%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Asian American&lt;br /&gt;
| 7.0%&lt;br /&gt;
| 18.5%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|African American&lt;br /&gt;
| 4.6%&lt;br /&gt;
| 27.2%&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| White American&lt;br /&gt;
| 2.2%&lt;br /&gt;
| 2.3%&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Problem of Evil==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One argument against belief in all-powerful entities ('gods') is the existence of evil. Philosopher and materialist Epicurus (341-270 BC), wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Is God willing to prevent evil, but not able? Then he is not omnipotent. &lt;br /&gt;
:Is he able, but not willing? Then he is malevolent. &lt;br /&gt;
:Is he both able and willing? Then whence cometh evil? &lt;br /&gt;
:Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him God?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theodicy]] is the branch of study in theology and philosophy that defends the goodness of God despite the existence of evil. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861719540/theodicy.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In traditional Christianity and Judaism the book of Job is used to explain the existence of evil. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://apologetics.com/default.jsp?bodycontent=/articles/doctrinal_apologetics/bowman-job.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In recent times [[Christian apologetics|Christian apologetists]] often cite [[Alvin Plantinga]]'s free will defense in regards to the existence of evil. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.xenos.org/essays/evilpo.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www3.baylor.edu/~Scott_Moore/handouts/free_will_defense.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The work of [[St. Augustine]] is also cited in regards to theodicy. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.str.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&amp;amp;id=5124&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Problem of Origins==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Arguments against atheism sometimes invoke the Problem of Origins. This problem can be simply stated as:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:All things that exist have causes.&lt;br /&gt;
:The universe exists.&lt;br /&gt;
:The universe must have a cause.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, cause does not necessarily mean any form of intelligence or God like being.  God, according to atheists is a superfluous addition and completely unnecessary for the explanation of the universe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Theists often claim that God is the origin of the universe and, thus, that this Problem of Origins is evidence for the existence of God. Atheists use a variety of possible counters to this claim but the simplest is likely that invoking God as &amp;quot;first cause&amp;quot; simply removes the problem one step. So, if the problem of the origin of the universe is solved by attributing it to god, it simply raises the problem of the origin of God. If God can be uncaused then, atheists claim, so can the universe. However, [[Creationism|creationists]] claim that the [[First Law of Thermodynamics|first law of thermodynamics]] and the [[Second Law of Thermodynamics|second law of thermodyamics]] argues against an eternal universe. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://godevidences.net/space/lawsofscience.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2329&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences14.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many leading scientists reject God. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v394/n6691/full/394313a0.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;[[Creationism|Creationist]] scientists assert the [[theory of evolution]] is an inadequate explanation for the variety of life forms on earth.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.icr.org/home/resources/resources_tracts_scientificcaseagainstevolution/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creationists also state that the [[origin of life]] is not possible though natural processes and the origin of life is the result of God. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/origin-of-life.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.trueorigin.org/abio.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.macrodevelopment.org/library/meyer.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-op-harris24dec24,0,3994298.story?coll=la-opinion-rightrail 10 Myths and 10 Truths about Atheism]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://creationwiki.org/Decline_of_atheism Decline of Atheism -CreationWiki]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_225_report_en.pdf European Commission report on Social values, Science and Technology, includes info on Religious beliefs]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Philosophy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)&amp;diff=156940</id>
		<title>Mary (mother of Jesus)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)&amp;diff=156940"/>
		<updated>2007-05-12T04:32:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: caption&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Asuncion D.jpg|thumb|left| '''Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary''']]&lt;br /&gt;
The Blessed '''Virgin Mary''' is the mother of Our Lord [[Jesus Christ]]. The veneration of Mary is an essential belief of the [[Catholic Church]]. Mary is also venerated by Eastern [[Orthodox Church]] and Anglo-Catholicism. This veneration could take the form of prayer for intercession with her Son, Jesus. Many [[Protestantism|Protestants]], however, believe that the veneration of Mary is counter to what the Bible teaches. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.letusreason.org/RC8.htm Problems with the Mary of Roman Catholicism]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.johnankerberg.org/Articles/roman-catholicism/RC0300W4.htm The Biblical, Catholic, and Occult View of Mary]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ianpaisley.org/article.asp?ArtKey=mary1 Cult of Mary - Part One]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ianpaisley.org/article.asp?ArtKey=mary2 Cult of Mary - Part Two]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the Gospels of [[Matthew]] and [[Luke]], Jesus was born in Bethlehem, Judea to Mary, who at the time was a virgin, by the [[Holy Spirit]]. The Gospel of Matthew describes Mary as a virgin who fulfilled the prophecy of [[Isaiah]] 7:14. The Gospel of Luke relates that the angel Gabriel visited Mary in order to announce to her that she had been chosen to bear the Son of God (Luke 1:26–38). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mary's passage into Heaven is celebrated by Roman Catholics as The Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (March 25 and August 15). This Feast is a Public Holiday in many countries. In 1950, [[Pope Pius XII]] formally declared to be dogma the belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary. ''The Orthodox Church expresses reverence toward the Blessed Virgin by the many feast days commemorating the various events in Her life. In prayers the Virgin Mary is called Theotokos, which in Greek means the Mother of God, since the One Who was born from Her was at the time of conception and always will be the true God.''&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.fatheralexander.org/booklets/english/mary.htm Honoring the Blessed Virgin Mary]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Scripture and tradition agree in ascribing to Mary the greatest personal sanctity; She is conceived without the stain of original sin; She shows the greatest humility and patience in her daily life (Luke 1:38, 48); She exhibits an heroic patience under the most trying circumstances (Luke 2:7, 35, 48; John 19:25-27)... within the first fifty years after the death of St. John the veneration of Mary is proved to have flourished in the Church of Rome.'' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15464b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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== Crucifixion ==   &lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
Mary was present during the crucifixion of Jesus Christ along with other women who had followed Jesus from Galilee.    &lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
While Jesus was hanging on the cross, &amp;quot;there stood by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary Cleophas, and Mary Magdalen. When Jesus therefore had seen his mother and the disciple standing whom he loved, he saith to his mother: Woman, behold thy son. After that, he saith to the disciple: Behold thy mother. And from that hour, the disciple took her to his own&amp;quot; (John 19:25-27). &lt;br /&gt;
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Following the crucifixion:    &lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
''Jesus was in the grave for three days. After the Sabbath, Mary Magdalene, Mary (the mother of Jesus), and Salome prepared spices to anoint Jesus' body. When they arrived at the tomb, the stone had already been rolled away! They entered the tomb, where an angel said, &amp;quot;Don't be alarmed. . .You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid him. But go, tell his disciples and Peter, 'He is going ahead of you into Galilee. There you will see him, just as he told you'&amp;quot; (Mark 16:6-7).'' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.allaboutjesuschrist.org/crucifixion-of-jesus-christ.htm Crucifixion of Jesus Christ - His Burial and Resurrection]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Marian devotions ==&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
* Hail Mary &lt;br /&gt;
* Salve Regina (Hail, Holy Queen) &lt;br /&gt;
* Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary &lt;br /&gt;
* Mary, Mother of Grace &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Rosary combines vocal prayer and meditation centered around sequences of reciting the Lord's Prayer followed by ten recitations of the &amp;quot;Hail Mary&amp;quot; prayer and a single recitation of &amp;quot;Glory Be to the Father&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The prayer &amp;quot;Hail Mary&amp;quot; has its roots in Luke I:42 where Elizabeth (who is Mary's cousin) salutes Mary and in Luke I:28 where the Arch Angel Gabriel salutes Mary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Virgen.jpg|right|Virgin Mary and Child]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Major Apparitions ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.memorare.com/mary/app1531.html Guadalupe, 1531]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.memorare.com/mary/app1858.html Lourdes, 1858]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.memorare.com/mary/app1917.html Fatima, 1917]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the US, '''Lady of Prompt Succor''', (New Orleans, United States, 1809). Wind-blown fire changes directions, sparing the convent; President of the United States [[Andrew Jackson]] credits the Lady with the victory in the famous Battle of [[New Orleans]] in 1815.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary Magdalene]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Our Lady of Guadalupe]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ave Maria]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== External links ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15464b.htm The Blessed Virgin Mary] Catholic Encyclopedia. &lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.fatheralexander.org/booklets/english/mary.htm Blessed Virgin Mary] &lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.scborromeo.org/prayers/rosary.htm#mary The Rosary]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.memorare.com/mary/index.html Hail Mary] Information on the Blessed Virgin Mary.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.cancunsteve.com/guadalupe.htm The Mystery of the Virgin of Guadalupe]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.catholiclinks.org/virgenotrasaparicionesenglish.htm Virgin Mary, Other Apparitions]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/cri/cri-jrnl/web/crj0079a.html Apparitions of the Virgin Mary, A Protestant Look at a Catholic Phenominon: Part Two]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.catholic.org/encyclopedia/view.php?id=8318 Feast of the Holy Name of Mary]&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:Religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Bible study]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=The_Gospels&amp;diff=156888</id>
		<title>The Gospels</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=The_Gospels&amp;diff=156888"/>
		<updated>2007-05-12T04:01:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: wikify&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;{{Christianity}}&lt;br /&gt;
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The '''Gospels''' (from the Greek for &amp;quot;good news&amp;quot;) are accounts of Jesus attributed to two of His Apostles ([[Matthew ]] and [[The Gospel of John|John]]) and two disciples ([[Mark]] and [[Luke]]).  The evangelical biblical scholar E.P. Sanders notes that the original texts were internally anonymous and that the four gospels were not ascribed to these figures until after 150 A.D.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;E.P. Sanders, The Historical Figure of Jesus, 163-166.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Gospels were originally written in Greek, the common lingua franca (common or commercial language among diverse peoples) of the Roman Orient.  No original Gospels have been found in Aramaic; the only known Aramaic Gospels are translations from Greek versions.  The general consensus is that the Gospel according to Matthew was written particularly for Jews; the Gospel according to Mark was written particularly for Romans; the Gospel according to Luke was written particularly for Greeks; and the Gospel according to John was written for everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
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Jesus had emphasized that scribes were part of those He sent forth to proselytize the world.  &amp;quot;I am sending you prophets and wise men and scribes ....&amp;quot;  (Matt 23:34 (NAS)).&lt;br /&gt;
There are a number of other &amp;quot;gospels&amp;quot; writen during this period.  They include: the Gospel of the Ebionites, Gospel of the Hebrews, Gospel of Marcion, Gospel of Mary, Gospel of Peter, Gospel of Thomas, Infancy Gospel of Thomas, and the Infancy Gospel of James. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Donald Harman Akenson, Surpassing Wonder: The Invention of the Bible and the Talmuds, 216.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Etymology==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Gospel&amp;quot; is derived from the Middle English word &amp;quot;godspel,&amp;quot; in which &amp;quot;god&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;good&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;spel&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;news.&amp;quot; Thus &amp;quot;Gospel&amp;quot; literally means &amp;quot;good news,&amp;quot; and some denominations like to use the phrase &amp;quot;good news&amp;quot; because they feel it conveys the nature of the Gospel clearly. It is a translation of the Greek word εὐαγγέλιον  (euangelion), which is also the root of the word &amp;quot;evangelist;&amp;quot; an evangelist is someone who spreads the good news. The &amp;quot;good news&amp;quot; here is, specifically, the news of Christ's redemption. The four Gospels offer different, yet complementary, accounts of the story of Jesus's life and teachings, and lay the foundation for the doctrine of Christ's redemption.&lt;br /&gt;
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==The relationship of the Gospels==&lt;br /&gt;
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Although Matthew comes first in Biblical order, the gospel of Mark is widely agreed to be the oldest of the Gospels.  Matthew and Luke were probably compiled slightly later, drawing both from the oral traditions of the life of [[Jesus]].  John is the last of the Gospels, the most theologically mature, and the strongest in its emphasis on God's loving sacrifice of his only son, [[Jesus]], and the ways in which this sacrifice redeemed all mankind.  The first three canonical Gospels are often called the &amp;quot;synoptic&amp;quot; Gospels, as they tell slightly different versions of the same underlying story of Christ's life and ministry on earth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Luke was a said to have been a Greek physician (see Col 4:14) who accompanied Paul and also wrote the Acts of the Apostles describing the arrival of the Holy Spirit.  Unlike the allegedly firsthand Gospels of Matthew and John, the Gospel of Luke records eyewitness accounts of others, much as a doctor asks a patient for his medical history and then writes it down in the medical file.  Due to Luke's professional nature, his Gospel is very comprehensive about Jesus' life and resurrection, and it also conveys the great sense of joy that Jesus' family, friends and followers felt.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Non-canonical Gospels==&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to the four Canonical gospels, many other early texts claiming to record the accounts of Jesus's earthly ministry have survived.  Most notable among these is the [[Gospel of Thomas]], which contains additional sayings and teachings.  Recently, a [[Gospel of Judas]] surfaced, but this text is decidedly a later one, and its claim for any original authority is very slim.  These Gospels are considered [[apocryphal]] by most modern Christian denominations, and therefore not authoritative texts, but they have stirred considerable interest among theologians and many lay believers in the nature of early Christian beliefs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Among fragments that still survive are the gospels according to the Hebrews (much prized by the early Jewish Church), according to the Egyptians, of the Ebionites, of Philip, of Matthias, of Peter, of Thomas (almost complete), of Nicodemus, of Bartholomew, of Pseudo-Melito, of Joseph of Arimathaea, of James, of Pseudo-Matthew, of Barnabas and a whole collection of infancy gospels &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;James. M.R, The Apocryphal New Testament (Clarendon, Oxford, 1924)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:Bible]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:User_Block&amp;diff=154911</id>
		<title>Template:User Block</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:User_Block&amp;diff=154911"/>
		<updated>2007-05-11T03:57:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: Undo revision 154910 by Special:Contributions/Sleeper (User talk:Sleeper)&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;{{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#DC143C |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=[[Image:Stop_hand.svg|45px]] |info=&amp;lt;center&amp;gt;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;This user has '''{{{1|XX}}}''' blocks.&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Liberal_quotient&amp;diff=152513</id>
		<title>Talk:Liberal quotient</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Liberal_quotient&amp;diff=152513"/>
		<updated>2007-05-10T02:44:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* An X for a Y, for an L, for a C */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;What a fabulous Encyclopedia entry, with entries like this I don't see [http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?site0=conservapedia.com&amp;amp;site1=&amp;amp;site2=&amp;amp;site3=&amp;amp;site4=&amp;amp;y=r&amp;amp;z=1&amp;amp;h=300&amp;amp;w=540&amp;amp;range=1m&amp;amp;size=Medium&amp;amp;url=conservapedia.com why no one is using this site?]&lt;br /&gt;
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Fantastic!!&lt;br /&gt;
This means we now have a wonderful new method of assessing Conservative Bias, and for the first time it is measurable. To calculate the Conservative Quotient (CQ), all one has to do is to know the Liberal Quotient (LQ), then apply the formula: CQ = 1 - LQ.&lt;br /&gt;
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A rating above zero presumably means that there is Conservative Bias?&lt;br /&gt;
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Shurely Shome mishtake?&lt;br /&gt;
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--[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 13:39, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== 80%? ==&lt;br /&gt;
A source for that might do nicely. [[User:DrLib|DrLib]] 14:08, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: There is a poll under journalism students suggesting that 80% have liberal opinions. I will look it up when I have time. I saw another research suggesting that journalists are socially liberal, but economically more conservative. Few oppose NAFTA, for example. So its a well-off kind of liberalism. [[User:Order]] 7 April 00:45 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Liberal quotient of Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
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Not counting the vandals, I'm genuinely curious what our liberal quotient is. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 14:13, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Most of the liberals here have been pretty disenfranchised, a few still prawl around the talk pages but they are not really &amp;quot;part of the group&amp;quot; so I don't think its very high. There is what, about 40 active users, maybe a dozen or so are liberals, but I think they have been pretty effectively shut down by bans, warnings, and condescending and insulting sysops. [[User:Etaroced|Etaroced]] 14:23, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::(Inserted comment) I'm opposed to most [[condescension]] and nearly all [[insult]]s. Please help me develop guidelines for a standard of [[Conservapedia:Civility]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:49, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Sneaky and deceptive as they are by nature, I suspect many liberals are unlikely to freely admit to being liberals, therefore making an accurate measurement of the liberal quotient here difficult to obtain. --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 16:22, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Technically, and I don't expect some people on here to understand this, I think you would have to say everyone on here is moderately liberal. We allow for the addition of material that might question our beliefs, could contribute to free and open debate. Those are classicly liberal ideas. Don't like that--go to Saudi Arabia where they aren't so liberal. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 10:26, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I think that liberals 'decorate' our project rather nicely when they aren't making sly digs. As far as I'm concerned, they are welcome to stay and particapate '''as equals'''. I think some of the syosops are liberals, not that I want to [[out]] anyone. &lt;br /&gt;
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:::But if they are here to disrupt and play tricks, like the Seattle WTO protesters who provoked the police into &amp;quot;excessive force&amp;quot; just so that they could accuse 'the establishment' of 'not listening to them' then they aren't helping anyone. Serious thinkers see right throught that kind of malarkey.  &lt;br /&gt;
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:::Any liberals who want to preserve their franchise would do well to couch their suggestions in polite terms. Any idea can be brought up, if done in (1) the right way (2) in the right venue (3) at the right time. (My talk page is always open. :-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:30, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Liberal Quotient will always be a subjective factor, of course.  If one assigned an LQ based purely on party association, and started digging into American history a little bit, one would find Democrats who went around lynching blacks, and Republicans who went around trust busting.  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 11:15, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: 'But if they are here to disrupt and play tricks, like the Seattle WTO protesters who provoked the police into &amp;quot;excessive force&amp;quot; just so that they could accuse 'the establishment' of 'not listening to them' then they aren't helping anyone. Serious thinkers see right throught that kind of malarkey. ' But the police still used excessive force. That is a legal fact. You keep bringing up this accusation, Ed Poor; scared?&lt;br /&gt;
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Oh, and I've made [http://www.conservapedia.com/The_liberal_quotient_of_Conservapedia%3B_what_is_it%3F_Does_it_matter%3F this]. [[User:Wikinterpreter|Wikinterpreter]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==  Fox News ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Quoting from article: ''Television news anchors on the major networks had a 100 percent liberal quotient until Fox emerged''&lt;br /&gt;
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Does this mean that Fox News is a Bad Thing as it upset the finely balanced (and therefore unbiased) 50:50 distribution of liberal and conservative anchors?&lt;br /&gt;
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==Formula==&lt;br /&gt;
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I'd rather define it so that 100 percent is all Liberal, 50 percent is half and half, and 0 percent is no Liberals. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:21, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I don't think Order's changes helped the article:&lt;br /&gt;
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::The liberal quotient is defined simply as the ratio of liberals to conservatives in a group.  Thus the liberal quotient is zero when there are no liberals in the group. &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;It is infinity if there are no [[conservative]]s.&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; A quotient of 100% corresponds a group that has as many liberals as conservatives, while a quotient below 100% means that there are fewer liberals than conservatives. The same number of conservatives and liberals will always result in the same liberal quotient, regardless of the size of other groups, such as moderates or independents. [I marked up the part I didn't like with &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;strikeout&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; formatting. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:46, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: You may not like it, but that's how it's defined in the article.  If the quotient is ''ratio of liberals to conservatives in a group'', then the liberal quotient is infinity if there are no conservatives.  And liberal quotient of 1 amongst news anchors means that there were equal numbers of liberals and conservatives [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 13:49, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why didn't my changes help. I just tried to clarify the definition. [[User:Order]] 7 April, 1:00 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:You changed the definition. I think 100% Liberal is all liberals, no conservatives; and 0% liberal is no liberals and all conservatives. Using [[infinity]] would make the quotient too cumbersome to use. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:01, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree w/ Ed. But I also think that we should present 0% as ideal. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 11:04, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I disagree with the fact that I changed the definition. But for the moment we can keep it like it is. [[User:Order]] 7 April, 1:10 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I put this in two places, oops. Here is the &amp;quot;correct and useful&amp;quot; formula: Liberal Quotient = L/(L+C), that is, the number of identified Liberals divided by the sum of identified Liberals and Conservatives. Likewise, the CQ = C/(L+C). This results in a number from zero to one in either case, which can be expressed, as in the original definition, as a percentage.&lt;br /&gt;
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::::I just edited the article to reflect this.  I hope no one minds. [[User:Human|Human]] 17:37, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Mathematics ==&lt;br /&gt;
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There are, obviously, so many flaws in this whole idea that it is hard to know where to begin.  First with definitions of Lib and Cons.  I suspect than many of us are not simply one or the other.&lt;br /&gt;
Also, if LQ=L/C then the LQ of, for instance, the Democratic Party is LQ=1000/0=undefinable.&lt;br /&gt;
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My 2 cents, just dont make me divide them by zero.--[[User:palmd001|PalMD]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:palmd001|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 14:13, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:One thing to begin with would be to use the definition in the article itself, rather than the alternative that it tries to replace. [[User:Order]] 9 April, 21:25 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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::What do you mean?  The definition in the article is liberals/conservatives, which gives an undefinable answer when there are no conservatives. [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:15, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Oh, dividing by zero is a minor problem. It has a few other problems, such as that 997 moderates, 2 liberals, and 1 conservative have the same liberal quotient, as 1 moderate, 666 liberals and 333 conservatives. To avoid dividing by zero, we can agree that the value is then infinity.  &lt;br /&gt;
: What bothers me most is it that of all the Liberal quotients mentioned in the article none of them was computed according to the definition. And this is the article defining the liberal quotient. And if you look an this talk page, you see that few people do actually understand the definition. Most think its the fraction of liberals or something similar. [[User:Order]] 9 April, 22:45 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
::I have to agree with [[User:Order]]'s assessment.  I mean, are people just making these up?  That doesn't sound very useful, and it certainly undermines Conservapedia's usefulness as a source!  [[User:Sterile|Sterile]] 13:44, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Why can't we have people self-identify? I know Richard tried this at one point and got into some hot water (which I won't expand on)but the underlying principle was valid--if this wiki is supposed to contain only conservative content how can we not ask people to tell us the truth about where their allegiance lies? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:55, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Self-identifying won't work, especially not on this site. Andy and his crew are so conservative that almost everyone is a liberal to them (if you don't believe me, look at Andy's posts and how everyone who disagrees with him is labeled a liberal). In most circles I'd be considered a conservative, but here I'm nothing but a dirty liberal hippie (and that's a good thing as I'd rather not be grouped with some of the wingnuts here). [[User:Jrssr5|Jrssr5]] 14:03, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Here is the &amp;quot;correct and useful&amp;quot; formula:  Liberal Quotient = L/(L+C), that is, the number of identified Liberals divided by the sum of identified Liberals and Conservatives.  Likewise, the CQ = C/(L+C).  This results in a number from zero to one in either case, which can be expressed, as in the original definition, as a percentage.  [[User:Human|Human]] 17:05, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::You changed the definition. It is now no longer consistent with the long discussion on bias in Wikipadia [http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive2#Six_times.3F_Not_even_close.][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive2#Liberal_Wikipedians_as_compared_to_conservative_Wikipedians][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive2#We_need_to_decide_what_this_list_is][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive3#Ratio_.28again.29][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive5#...and_about_the_math...][[User:Order]] 10 April, 11:52 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Why do you ask people to self-identify in this context? The problem is that Aschalfy first defines the liberal quotient as Liberals/Conservatives and then doesn't use it when he computes e.g. the LQ of news anchors. This is not a matter of liberal or conservative, it is a matter of math. [[User:Order]] 10 April, 8:25 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== A new term coined by Conservapedia? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A new term coined by Conservapedia? I find that hard to believe and suspect it was infact [[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] who coined the term.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:WhatIsG0ing0n|WhatIsG0ing0n]] 13:59, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The term definitely existed before. Simple google search proves that. However, I assume that the term has its own, special meaning on this site. Not sure, but it's possible. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 14:04, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Andy got a lot of comments on the way he arrived at his measure of [[Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive3#Ratio_.28again.29|Liberal bias of Wikipedia]]; one main point was that using liberal/conservatives to measure bias is confusing. Research uses typically other measures. So, Andy decided to declare his alternative way to compute bias an 'innovation'. [[User:Order]] 10 April, 8:35 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Is it actually possible to classify individuals as being ''absolutely'' Conservative or Liberal? With the exception of a few especially pure characters (and I salute your dedication, guys) most people are hopelessly flawed and (at best) somewhat intermediate. So to calculate the LQ of a group accurately, a method is first needed of assessing the '''Liberality''' of all individuals included in the party. Otherwise a further level of inaccuracy is necessarily introduced into the calculation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:(As an example, although George W Bush is considered Conservative by most people, any good Conservative can see right through him to his pernicious Liberal tendencies - to call him a true Conservative is clearly erroneous, when in fact he is probably only 70-75% Conservative (Just a wild guess here on my part...).)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If the LQ is to be a useful measure, it needs to be calculated with rigor; a roomful of right-leaning people clearly shouldn't have the same LQ as a roomful of ''true'' Conservatives, which seems to be the situation at present. --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 21:06, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Why does formula not matter?==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[user:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] just deleted the section on calculating the LQ and said &amp;quot;(formula is not the point)&amp;quot; in his comment.  I don't see why not, especially when numbers are quoted in the last paragraph.  Please justify this removal.  To call something a &amp;quot;quotient&amp;quot; by definition means that some numbers are being divided.  If there is a good reason to leave it out, fine.  If not, I will replace it, and, if I can find good examples, add a few references. [[User:human]] 21:15, 9 April 2007 (sig added aroound 02:15, 10 Apr.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If you can come up with a formula as precise as [[IQ]], fine. Otherwise, please let's all stop teasing Andy about this. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 22:17, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Andy came up with a definition. And Human too. They were both very precise. Or do you claim otherwise? You cannot ''hide'' the defintion, just because few understand it, and few use it correctly. [[User:Order]] 10 April, 12:22 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article gets better and better.  Now it states that the definition is not clear (which is fair enough) yet still has figures for the liberal quotient of journalists and news anchors. I guess that at least makes it clear that these numbers were more or less plucked out of thin air. [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 16:24, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Responding to [[User:Ed Poor]] above, I have a couple of questions.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::First, and simplest, is what does any of this have to do with &amp;quot;teasing Andy&amp;quot;?  I'm really lost on that one.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Second, do you know how IQ numbers are determined?  You give a large group of developmentally &amp;quot;equal&amp;quot; people (like a given grade in school, or age) a standardized test, that is set up so all of them will get some of it right, but none of them can get it all correct.  Then you take the raw scores and create a transfer function to map them to a Gaussian distribution curve (bell curve).  The peak of the curve is marked as &amp;quot;100&amp;quot;, and the score scale is created by picking a numerical increment to be equal to each standard deviation (sigma).  This is typically 15-16 points = one sigma, making it so five sigmas each way yields IQs of 20-25 and 175-180 - very rare figures indeed, since five sigmas corresponds to less than 0.0001% of the population (I forget the exact number, it's actually even smaller).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I do think that the formula presented (which &amp;quot;explains&amp;quot; the numbers in the last paragraph exactly) is simpler.  Using it, for example, on the number of self identified liberals and conservatives on wikipedia (212 vs 75 today), the LQ = 212/(212+75) = 212/287 = 73.9% or 0.739.  The CQ is 75/287 = 26.1% or 0.261.  The network news example starts off pre-Fox at 3 liberal and no conservatives, LQ = 3/(3+0) = 1 or 100%. You can apply this formula to any group where you have a number for each preference (i.e., registered Republicans and Democrats out of all registered voters). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I really don't care whether or not this article makes &amp;quot;sense&amp;quot;, but since it is so easy to have it make sense, why not do it?  The original text just wasn't thought all the way through, as numerous mathematically astute editors have mentioned above, in an attempt to make this a better article. [[User:Human|Human]] 13:06, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black protestants==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'm glad to see that sterotyping is allowed here (see [[Federal Reserve]]) [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 10:24, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:That black protestants are overwhelimingly &amp;quot;liberal&amp;quot; is actually true as this PEW report shows.[http://pewforum.org/docs/index.php?DocID=174] [[User:Order|Order]] 11 April, 9:50 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Dumbest file imaginable. ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Until there is a metric for determining the &amp;quot;liberal quotient&amp;quot; (which is not hard to come up with), it is really embarrassing (to conscientious contributors to this site, ''and'' its &amp;quot;owner&amp;quot;) and stupid to offer numbers that supposedly represent the LQ of certain groups.  Check my previous comments, and deleted edit of 4/9/07 AD ([http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Liberal_quotient&amp;amp;diff=96551&amp;amp;oldid=95997]) to see what I mean.  I mean, come on.  I have no problem with the ''concept'', as a bit of a geek I kind of think it's cool.  But as that same geek, I think the formula should be presented.  Along with more examples.  [[User:Aschlafly|Andrew]], I ask you, you made an accident of language in your first formulation, feathers to chickens*, we all make mistakes, it was obvious what you meant. I (and other contributors) just wanted to get it right. [[User:Human|Human]] 02:04, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Every disarming epithet I thought of to use here (heck, darn, drat, doggone) I realized were &amp;quot;nice&amp;quot; ways of using profanity, so I made up my own. [[User:Human|Human]] 02:04, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== LQ = zero ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I know some people's palms sweat when they imagine the concept. [[User:Human|Human]] 23:05, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Innumeracy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As I have said, it doesn't matter to me one way or another what this article (or ''anything'' on this blog) says, '''but''', I would I would expect those publicly associated with it to strive for relatively sensible versions of their, um, version of reality.  (There are precisely &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;57&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ''six'' times as many liberals on Wp as in America!)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: No one said &amp;quot;precisely.&amp;quot;--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. The metric of &amp;quot;six times&amp;quot; depends on an incredibly small number of self-identified Wpdians.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Not that small.  Several hundred at least.  Probably a higher percentage than most polls of the American public.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: Sampling error isn't significantly affected by the percentage of the population included in the sample -- a representative sample of 1000 is as reliable in the USA as it is in Monaco. The problem in this case is that it's difficult to justify the assumption that those who self identify as liberal or conservative are representative of the community of Wikipedia editors. It may well be true that there are six times as many liberal Wikipedians than conservative, but it's not statistically reasonable to conclude that from a self-selected sample such as this.--[[User:Jalapeno|Jalapeno]] 04:52, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: The last time I looked at Wikipedia, the same size was 274 (for conservatives + liberals).  This is not a large sample.  The total percent sample size is about half that for a Harris poll (that it admits that it has errors that gives that it cannot give a good confidence[http://www.harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/index.asp?PID=548]), however the sample for wikipedia is self selected meaning that you cannot use it to make statistically responsible statements.[http://www.aapor.org/pdfs/2006/samp_err_stmt.pdf] --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 22:30, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. In the absence of its inverse, the conservative quotient, defining the Lq is silly knee-jerk reactionism.&lt;br /&gt;
: It's baffling, and a bit amusing, how liberals just won't admit they are liberal.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: It is baffling that [[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] won't admit that he did bad math. He prefers to call people liberals instead, proving that he ran out of proper arguments.  --[[User:Order]] 10 May.&lt;br /&gt;
3. Judging by what Ashfly calls &amp;quot;liberal&amp;quot; on this site, the US is about 60% or so liberal and 30% or so conservative.  Leaving 10% &amp;quot;sheep&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
: This is false and doesn't make any sense.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. An appropriate acale for a measure like this would create a middle point of &amp;quot;1&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;0&amp;quot;, with a clear reflection about that point in each direction.  So it should run form infinity to minus infinity, or 10 to -10, or 1 to -1.  or, gee, 0 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: No, the sensible &amp;quot;middle point&amp;quot; is unity, or 1.  Do you have your same objection to the scientific (Kelvin) scale for temperature?--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. This is a really dumb article&lt;br /&gt;
: You didn't help your cause with that conclusion.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Discuss amongst yourselves. [[User:Human|Human]] 23:43, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Ah, the [[Parthian Shot]].  Fine, I hope you honor it.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I presume that means I relinquished the right to quibble with your responses.  I'll honor that.  if there is anything, however, that you want further comment on, feel free to ask me here or on my user talk page. [[User:Human|Human]] 02:35, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==X/X+Y==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Andy, I appreciate that you are discussing the formulation in the article.  I think it adds a real measure of accountability and honesty.  I have one quick comment though - X+Y is ''not'' the whole population, it is only the &amp;quot;self identified&amp;quot; portion, so it does ''not'' dilute the results with moderates.  Multiplied by 100, it makes a percentage.  Remembering older edits, the major networks would be at 1 (100%), (3/3+0), then came Fox - making it 75% (3/3+1).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a perfectly useful metric, and does not bias anything one way or another.  Anything over 50% is &amp;quot;suspect&amp;quot; of liberal bias, and anything under is imbued with conservative trustworthiness (see, I didn't even get mean and say &amp;quot;trusworthiness&amp;quot; - remember who was first to point out the typo to get the logo fixed!).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please, I ask you, run some numbers from various groups to see how it works (the formula).  I think you will see that it works very nicely, and is also very clear and understandable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh, and one last thing, us math geeks would tend to use L and C as the variables, for simple clarity (LQ=(L/L+C)).  Using lambda and gamma would hurt our keyboards, but believe me, if it was easy, we'd use the Greek! [[User:Human|Human]] 02:35, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Who's &amp;quot;Liberal&amp;quot;, anyway? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are Libertarians the equivalent of the square-root of negative one in this formula?  How about LaRouchites?  Log Cabin Republicans?  Natural Law Party activists?  Tories?  Bull Moosers?  Anti-Masonic Revivalists? Pat Buchanan?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a world of rainbow colors, it can be hard to decide with are &amp;quot;black&amp;quot; and which are &amp;quot;white&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;SARCASM&amp;gt;Strangely, it's been my experience that no more than about 5% of Democrats actually have Mark-of-the-Beast tattoos and smell like brimstone, and only about 2% of Republicans actually have wings and a halo.&amp;lt;/SARCASM&amp;gt;  --[[User:Gulik2|Gulik2]] 03:36, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gulik2 is absolutely right. See Perry (1970) 'Forms of Intellectual Development in the College Year: A scheme'. Perry says that intellectual development occurs as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
# 'Dualism' - a simple interpretation of the world as black/white, us/them , good/bad etc.&lt;br /&gt;
# 'Multiplicity'; -= an acceptance that there are different points of view and they cannot be simply labelled good/bad etc.&lt;br /&gt;
# 'Relativism' - requires that the different points of view are contextualiised, and that knowledge/behaviour in one context may be perfectly acceptable and correct, may not be appropriate in another.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
for a source see: http://www.csub.edu/TLC/options/resources/handouts/scholarship_teaching/perrystheory.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What occurs to me is all that if Perry is correct, with the obsession with Liberals/Conservative points of view, many contributors on this site do not seem to have developed intellectually much further than their freshman year. Hm. Think I'll write an article about this...--[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 03:55, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Perry Theory]] for the article --[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 19:55, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Where did &amp;quot;12&amp;quot; come from?? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ed, where did your &amp;quot;12&amp;quot; come from?--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 09:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:It would be informative if somebody with access to the appropriate data could calculate the LQ for Conservapedia, for purposes of comparison? --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 12:16, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== An X for a Y, for an L, for a C ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article has a few problems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#X is defined as number of liberals, and Y is defined as number of conservatives. X/(X+Y) is '''the same''' as L/(L+C). The article argues that they are different, proving that the author doesn't know how to work with variables. And it proves that the author doesn't read his own definitions.&lt;br /&gt;
#The criticism that a measure is between 0 and 1, shows that the critic doesn't know that such a measure is equivalent to a measure that ranges between 0 and infinity. Take for example the negative logarithm of the first measure. It just show that the author has not the faintest idea about continuous functions.&lt;br /&gt;
#The remark that an increase from 90% to 99% is ''just'' a 10% increase, shows that the author doesn't know how to interpreter percentages. People who do work with percentages, know the difference between 90% and 99% is an order of magnitude.&lt;br /&gt;
#The comparison with other metrics is flawed, because the author didn't compare it with any metric that is actually used in literature. Earlier versions of this article pointed to alternative definitions of liberal bias. None of them is mentioned.&lt;br /&gt;
#Finally, this article repeats the old misinformation that the ratio liberal in the wikipedia is 3:1, while it is 1:2 in the American poll. It doesn't mention the sources, nor that, if you look at the sources, this comparison is based on nothing but quick sand. It just shows that the author has no idea about statistics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a summary, this article proves nicely that in conservapedia conservative bias is more important than facts. Even basic mathematics, which is neither liberal or conservative, is canned to make a poor argument. [[User:Order]] 10 May&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Deuteronomy&amp;diff=151491</id>
		<title>Deuteronomy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Deuteronomy&amp;diff=151491"/>
		<updated>2007-05-09T17:25:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: cat&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{stub}}&lt;br /&gt;
'''Deuteronomy''' is the fifth book of the Bible.&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biblical books]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Titusville&amp;diff=151445</id>
		<title>Talk:Titusville</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Titusville&amp;diff=151445"/>
		<updated>2007-05-09T17:06:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Oil v. Ethanol */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I believe the first sentence is misinformed at best.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Titusville is where the first oil well was sunk for commercial reasons.&lt;br /&gt;
Oil had previously been know at other locations throughout the world as in some places the oil simply bubbled forth on the surface...there just wasn't any obvious '''use''' for it yet. Once the physical properties of [[petroleum]] were known and that with the art of &amp;quot;cracking&amp;quot;, ([[distill| distillation]]) of the oil into &amp;quot;useful&amp;quot; products the next logical step was to find oil that had not bubbled to the surface but was &amp;quot;waiting&amp;quot; to be tapped into. The only &amp;quot;market&amp;quot; at the time was that of lighting, mostly home lighting through the use of oil lamps. (On a related note it was observed, sometimes dramatically, that the &amp;quot;air&amp;quot; forcing the oil out was also burnable for light, hence the early use of gaslighting in cities.) Also interesting, the fledgling petroleum industry would have been considered &amp;quot;Green&amp;quot; in its day as it sought to replace whale oil, a fast dwindling commodity as the whale population was on the decline at the time. [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 12:45, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yeah, add that stuff. [[User:DrSandstone|DrSandstone]] 12:50, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I have no cites and don't wish to find them. Thanks though for the thought.[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Oil v. Ethanol ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It might be pointed out that before Titusville, many other fuels were being considered. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 12:53, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:True. Then again the article is about Titusville so's maybe it ought to stay OT for a while before wandering away. Do we have an [[ethanol]] page? Ah yes, we do...however it doesn't seem to go into the debate over whether corn [[maize]] is the best way to go for producing ethanol, (it isn't) hemp would be better, sugar beets even better than that but the PTB in the agriculture industry seem to be pushing for corn as the &amp;quot;waste&amp;quot; products could still (NPI) be used as feed, albeit a lower grade feed. --[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 13:06, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Titusville&amp;diff=151428</id>
		<title>Talk:Titusville</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Titusville&amp;diff=151428"/>
		<updated>2007-05-09T16:52:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I believe the first sentence is misinformed at best.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Titusville is where the first oil well was sunk for commercial reasons.&lt;br /&gt;
Oil had previously been know at other locations throughout the world as in some places the oil simply bubbled forth on the surface...there just wasn't any obvious '''use''' for it yet. Once the physical properties of [[petroleum]] were known and that with the art of &amp;quot;cracking&amp;quot;, ([[distill| distillation]]) of the oil into &amp;quot;useful&amp;quot; products the next logical step was to find oil that had not bubbled to the surface but was &amp;quot;waiting&amp;quot; to be tapped into. The only &amp;quot;market&amp;quot; at the time was that of lighting, mostly home lighting through the use of oil lamps. (On a related note it was observed, sometimes dramatically, that the &amp;quot;air&amp;quot; forcing the oil out was also burnable for light, hence the early use of gaslighting in cities.) Also interesting, the fledgling petroleum industry would have been considered &amp;quot;Green&amp;quot; in its day as it sought to replace whale oil, a fast dwindling commodity as the whale population was on the decline at the time. [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 12:45, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yeah, add that stuff. [[User:DrSandstone|DrSandstone]] 12:50, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I have no cites and don't wish to find them. Thanks though for the thought.[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Titusville&amp;diff=151420</id>
		<title>Talk:Titusville</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Titusville&amp;diff=151420"/>
		<updated>2007-05-09T16:45:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: Not right&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I believe the first sentence is misinformed at best.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Titusville is where the first oil well was sunk for commercial reasons.&lt;br /&gt;
Oil had previously been know at other locations throughout the world as in some places the oil simply bubbled forth on the surface...there just wasn't any obvious '''use''' for it yet. Once the physical properties of [[petroleum]] were known and that with the art of &amp;quot;cracking&amp;quot;, ([[distill| distillation]]) of the oil into &amp;quot;useful&amp;quot; products the next logical step was to find oil that had not bubbled to the surface but was &amp;quot;waiting&amp;quot; to be tapped into. The only &amp;quot;market&amp;quot; at the time was that of lighting, mostly home lighting through the use of oil lamps. (On a related note it was observed, sometimes dramatically, that the &amp;quot;air&amp;quot; forcing the oil out was also burnable for light, hence the early use of gaslighting in cities.) Also interesting, the fledgling petroleum industry would have been considered &amp;quot;Green&amp;quot; in its day as it sought to replace whale oil, a fast dwindling commodity as the whale population was on the decline at the time. [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 12:45, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Galaxy&amp;diff=145400</id>
		<title>Galaxy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Galaxy&amp;diff=145400"/>
		<updated>2007-05-06T05:00:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:NGC .jpg|right|thumb|350px|The majestic spiral galaxy ''NGC 4414'', imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] in 1995.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A '''galaxy''' is a massive ensemble of hundreds of millions of [[star]]s and [[planet]]s, all interacting through the [[gravity|gravitational force]], [[orbit]]ing around a common center.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Physical Science''. Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc. 1999, 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The [[universe]] contains hundreds of millions of galaxies.  Some scholars theorize that the center of every galaxy lies a super massive [[black hole]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Young Earth Creationism View ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young earth creationism|Young earth creationist]] scientist assert that [[materialism|materialistic]] explanations of galaxy formation are unsupportable and counter evidence.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences22.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v26/i3/galaxies.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/5065&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v27/i1/galaxy.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v25/i3/galaxies.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 1988, fifty cosmologists attended a conference which focused on galaxy formation. After summarizing the observational data, two of the most respected scientists estimated the probability that any existing theory on galaxy formation is correct was about 1 out of 100. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In 1999, J. Bland-Hawthorn wrote in the science journal [[Nature]] the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1977, [[Stephen Weinberg]] observed that &amp;quot;the theory of the formation of galaxies is one of the great outstanding problems of astrophysics, a problem that today seems far from solution&amp;quot;. Although the past two decades have seen considerable progress, many questions remain. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v400/n6741/full/400220a0.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2001, Cristina Chiappini wrote regarding the [[Milky Way]] galaxy the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
. . . it is an elegant structure that shows both order and complexity. . . . The end product is especially remarkable in the light of what is believed to be the starting point: nebulous blobs of gas. How the universe made the Milky Way from such simple beginnings is not altogether clear. - Cristina Chiappini, &amp;quot;The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way,&amp;quot; American Scientist (vol. 89, Nov./Dec. 2001), p. 506. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.icr.org/article/547/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Institute for Creation Research]] wrote the following regarding a 2005 article in [[Science News]] the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
A strange cartoon graced the cover of Science News last fall (10/08/2005) that serves as a symbol for a whole class of problems for evolutionary astronomers. It showed a star-shaped old man in a stellar maternity ward. With its title, &amp;quot;Crisis in the Cosmos? Galaxy-formation theory is in peril,&amp;quot; the article exposed a running theme in astronomy: as far back as we look, stars and galaxies appear mature. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Imagine peering into a nursery and seeing, among the cooing babies, a few that look like grown men,&amp;quot; Ron Cowen quipped. &amp;quot;That's the startling situation that astronomers have stumbled upon as they've looked deep into space and thus back to a time when newborn galaxies filled the cosmos.&amp;quot;.... &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
These findings corroborate a January 8, 2002, NASA press release that was considered astonishing at the time: based on Hubble surveys, &amp;quot;the grand finale came first&amp;quot; in stellar and galactic evolution. As far back as telescopes look, they see mature creation, not evolution. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Young earth creationists also cite the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
“In its simplest form, the [[Big Bang Theory|Big Bang]] scenario doesn’t look like a good way to make galaxies. It allows too little time for the force of gravity by itself to gather ordinary matter—neutrons, protons and electrons—into the patterns of galaxies seen today. Yet the theory survives for want of a better idea.”  Ivars Peterson, Science News,  &amp;quot;Seeding the universe: how did matter assemble itself into the giant filaments, clusters, bubbles and walls of galaxies that now fill the universe?&amp;quot; March 24, 1990, p. 184. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n12_v137/ai_8878747&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
“It [the Great Wall, composed of tens of thousands of galaxies] is far too large and too massive to have formed by the mutual gravitational attraction of its member galaxies.” M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Astronomers Go Up Against the Great Wall,” Science, Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, p. 885. [See also Margaret J. Geller and John P. Huchra, “Mapping the Universe,” Science, Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, pp. 897–903. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hubble Ultra Deep Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Astronomy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Galaxy&amp;diff=145344</id>
		<title>Galaxy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Galaxy&amp;diff=145344"/>
		<updated>2007-05-06T04:02:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:NGC .jpg|right|thumb|350px|The majestic spiral galaxy ''NGC 4414'', imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] in 1995.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A '''galaxy''' is a massive ensemble of hundreds of millions of [[star]]s and [[planet]]s, all interacting through the [[gravity|gravitational force]], [[orbit]]ing around a common center.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Physical Science''. Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc. 1999, 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The [[universe]] contains hundreds of millions of galaxies.  Some scholars theorize that the center of every galaxy lies a super massive [[black hole]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Young Earth Creationism View ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young earth creationism|Young earth creationist]] scientist assert that [[materialism|materialistic]] explanations of galaxy formation are unsupportable and counter evidence.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences22.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v27/i1/galaxy.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v25/i3/galaxies.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 1988, fifty cosmologists attended a conference which focused on galaxy formation. After summarizing the observational data, two of the most respected scientists estimated the probability that any existing theory on galaxy formation is correct was about 1 out of 100. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In 1999, J. Bland-Hawthorn wrote in the science journal [[Nature]] the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1977, [[Stephen Weinberg]] observed that &amp;quot;the theory of the formation of galaxies is one of the great outstanding problems of astrophysics, a problem that today seems far from solution&amp;quot;. Although the past two decades have seen considerable progress, many questions remain. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v400/n6741/full/400220a0.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Young earth creationists also cite the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
“In its simplest form, the [[Big Bang Theory|Big Bang]] scenario doesn’t look like a good way to make galaxies. It allows too little time for the force of gravity by itself to gather ordinary matter—neutrons, protons and electrons—into the patterns of galaxies seen today. Yet the theory survives for want of a better idea.”  Ivars Peterson, Science News,  &amp;quot;Seeding the universe: how did matter assemble itself into the giant filaments, clusters, bubbles and walls of galaxies that now fill the universe?&amp;quot; March 24, 1990, p. 184. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n12_v137/ai_8878747&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
“It [the Great Wall, composed of tens of thousands of galaxies] is far too large and too massive to have formed by the mutual gravitational attraction of its member galaxies.” M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Astronomers Go Up Against the Great Wall,” Science, Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, p. 885. [See also Margaret J. Geller and John P. Huchra, “Mapping the Universe,” Science, Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, pp. 897–903. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hubble Ultra Deep Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Astronomy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Astronomy&amp;diff=145332</id>
		<title>Astronomy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Astronomy&amp;diff=145332"/>
		<updated>2007-05-06T03:54:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: formating so the history pages aren't a mile wide&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;According to Merriam-Webster's online dictionary '''astronomy''' is &amp;quot;the study of objects and matter outside the earth's atmosphere and of their physical and chemical properties.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=astronomy&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  It has been studied since ancient times, forming a major part of the [[religion]]s of many early [[civilization]]s such as the [[Egpyt|Egyptians]] and the [[Aztecs]]. The great stone henge at [[Stonehenge]] in [[England]] is also thought to be an astronomical observatory. The handing down of complex astronomical teachings shows these early [[civilization]]s must have had formalized systems of [[education]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Astronomy was crucial to the development of [[safe]] and accurate [[navigation]] for ships, and observations of the movement of [[sky|heavenly bodies]] helped lead to the theories we now call [[physics]]. In fact, much of astronomy today relies physics, thus many astronomers are considered astrophysicists.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Young Earth Creationism View ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young earth creationism|Young earth creationist]] scientists state that the [[First law of thermodynamics|first law of thermodynamics]] and [[Second law of thermodynamics|second law of thermodynamics]] argue against an eternal universe and they also claim that these laws point to the universe being supernaturally created. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://godevidences.net/space/lawsofscience.php Evidences for God From Space&amp;amp;mdash;Laws of Science]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Thompson, Bert, [http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2329 So Long, Eternal Universe; Hello Beginning, Hello End!], 2001 (Apologetics Press)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences14.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Also, these scientists assert the [[theory of evolution]] has had considerable influence on fields outside of biology and this includes the field of astronomy. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3836&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  For example, it is common for astronomers to refer to the &amp;quot;evolution of the universe&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v435/n7042/edsumm/e050602-01.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Young earth creationism|Young earth creationist]] scientists believe the evolutionary view has had a negative effect on science of astronomy and that [[Materialism|materialistic]] explanations of the the origins of various astronomical bodies are insufficient and counter evidence.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3836&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In addition, creationists often cite the secular scientific literature in order to make the case that materialist explanations of various astromical bodies are inadequate:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“...most every prediction by theorists about [[planet|planetary]] formation has been wrong.”  Scott Tremaine, as quoted by Richard A. Kerr, “Jupiters Like Our Own Await Planet Hunters,” Science, Vol. 295, 25 January 2002, p. 605.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes43.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“We don’t understand how a single [[star]] forms, yet we want to understand how 10 billion stars form.” Carlos Frenk, as quoted by Robert Irion, “Surveys Scour the Cosmic Deep,” Science, Vol. 303, 19 March 2004, p. 1750. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes60.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
“We cannot even show convincingly how [[Galaxy|galaxies]], stars, planets, and life arose in the present universe.” Michael Rowan-Robinson, “Review of the Accidental Universe,” New Scientist, Vol. 97, 20 January 1983, p. 186. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also, these scientists advance a number of reasons for the earth and universe being approximately 6,000 years old,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/young.asp ‘Young’ age of the Earth &amp;amp; Universe Q&amp;amp;A] (Answers in Genesis).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AiG Astr QA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/astronomy.asp Astronomy and Astrophysics Questions and Answers] (Answers in Genesis).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3040/ ‘Young’ age of the Earth &amp;amp; Universe Q&amp;amp;A] (Creation Ministries International).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and raise a number of objections to claims of an extremely old age for the earth and the universe.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/dating.asp Radiometric Dating Questions and Answers] (Answers in Genesis)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AiG Astr QA&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/young.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;   Young earth creationist scientists also contest the [[Big Bang Theory]] stating that it is scientifically unsound. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;BB Critique&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Thompson, Bert, Harrub, Brad, and May, Branyon [http://www.apologeticspress.org/modules.php?name=Read&amp;amp;cat=1&amp;amp;itemid=22 The Big Bang Theory—A Scientific Critique] ''Apologetics Press'', May 2003 - 23[5]:32-34,36-47.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brown, Walt, 2001, [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences16.html Big Bang?]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/309&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2047&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.icr.org/article/343/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Problems for Young Earth Creationism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because velocity = distance/time, a YEC wishing to postulate a universe of approximately 6000 years old faces a number of problems:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. If they accept that the speed of light is indeed a constant 186,000 miles per second, then they must argue for massive and systemic error in the measurement of distance between Earth and the vast majority of the observable universe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. If they accept that the measured distances are correct, then they must argue for a catastrophic miscalculation of the speed of light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==EXTERNAL LINKS==&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.nasa.gov The NASA Homepage]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov The NASA Planetary Photojournal]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.aas.org American Astronomical Society]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.britastro.org/baa/ British Astronomical Association]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.john-duck.co.uk/html/astronomy.html A guide on how to start]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Science]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Galaxy&amp;diff=145329</id>
		<title>Galaxy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Galaxy&amp;diff=145329"/>
		<updated>2007-05-06T03:49:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:NGC .jpg|right|thumb|350px|The majestic spiral galaxy ''NGC 4414'', imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] in 1995.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A '''galaxy''' is a massive ensemble of hundreds of millions of [[star]]s and [[planet]]s, all interacting through the [[gravity|gravitational force]], [[orbit]]ing around a common center.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Physical Science''. Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc. 1999, 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The [[universe]] contains hundreds of millions of galaxies.  Some scholars theorize that the center of every galaxy lies a super massive [[black hole]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Young Earth Creationism View ==&lt;br /&gt;
Young earth creationist scientist assert that [[materialism|materialistic]] explanations of galaxy formation are unsupportable and counter evidence.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences22.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v27/i1/galaxy.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v25/i3/galaxies.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 1988, fifty cosmologists attended a conference which focused on galaxy formation. After summarizing the observational data, two of the most respected scientists estimated the probability that any existing theory on galaxy formation is correct was about 1 out of 100. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In 1999, J. Bland-Hawthorn wrote in the science journal [[Nature]] the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1977, [[Stephen Weinberg]] observed that &amp;quot;the theory of the formation of galaxies is one of the great outstanding problems of astrophysics, a problem that today seems far from solution&amp;quot;. Although the past two decades have seen considerable progress, many questions remain. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v400/n6741/full/400220a0.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hubble Ultra Deep Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Astronomy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Democratic_Party&amp;diff=141831</id>
		<title>Talk:Democratic Party</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Democratic_Party&amp;diff=141831"/>
		<updated>2007-05-03T16:34:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Please */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Criticism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When President Bush talked about amending the Constitution to outlaw gay marriage, he was opposed by both Democrats and Republicans. The Republicans against it tended to oppose the move based on states' rights. Also, the comment that Democrats &amp;quot;don't care about American families&amp;quot; is opinion, not fact. It should be removed. --[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 22:05, 9 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article has the biggest POV I have ever seen, and it offers no adequate description of the Democratic party. Rather, it is a catalog of what conservatives believe that Democrats believe, and it is filled with slanted descriptions (&amp;quot;The Homosexual Agenda&amp;quot;) that do not advance the purpose of the article. Perhaps this article should be renamed &amp;quot;List of conservative misinterpretations of the Democratic party.&amp;quot; That would immediately solve the problems mentioned above.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:WhatWouldJesusEdit?|WhatWouldJesusEdit?]] 11:13, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yet the [[Republican Party]] page has no such sections on Criticism. At least this site could have the courage to be somewhat fair in their heavily biased presentation of &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot;. What a joke. I mean really, is this site trying to look idiotic??&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes.  (Another edition of simple answers to simple questions.)--[[User:Jack|Jack]] 04:43, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Some of these? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The Democratic Party, as a political unit, supports abortion, gun control, and organized labor, and the funding of '''some of these''' by taxes.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seriously.  &amp;quot;Some of these?&amp;quot;  It's a list of three whole items.  Gun control is legislation, unions are a bargaining community of workers, and abortion is a medical procedure.  Of these, one needs funding, one can receive incentives, and one either is passed, or is not.  If we're going to say &amp;quot;the Democratic party supports taxpayer-funded abortion&amp;quot;, well, frankly, we'd be seriously stretching the facts, but we should at least have the courage to be concise and say that. [[User:Zondergard|Zondergard]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ummm, why did the post with a link to his poll numbers get taken down.  That seems like it goes against your commandments.--[[User:Jack|Jack]] 17:47, 17 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== ic ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The name of the party is the Democratic Party.  If you would like to use a disparaging name for the party, at least choose one that is an adjective. [[User:Myk|Myk]] 13:51, 19 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pro-Terrorism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So, let me get this straight. Being opposed to invading another country means that you support terrorism? That's logically unsound. [[User:Stargrave|Stargrave]] 15:13, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You're right. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 18:45, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(A)There are terrorists in Iraq. (B) If you don't fight terrorists you are with them (George W. Bush 2003). C) Dem's voted against fighting terrorists...therefore they are with them! &lt;br /&gt;
How's that for logic yankee!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Logical fallacy in the extreme. (A) Was not, as far as I recall, conclusively proven at the time of the vote you cite. Please cite proof that it was, or retract. (B) Is a mans opinion. No less, no more. (B) is the logical fallacy known as a Falsified Dilemma, and your reliance upon it is the fallacy known as Appeal to Authority. Look them up. The given points also conflate the notion of going to war in Iraq with war against terrorists, which is yet another logical fallacy. The whole thing is also an Appeal to Emotion. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh, and I'm english. That's an ad hominem attack right there. The opposite of appeal to authority. Basically, you've taken two faulty assumptions, a list of people you disagree with, and used that to make a statement of fact (C). Now, I could care less about your personal opinion of me, and of your (or my) opinion of the party we're discussing, but in something that's supposedly encylopedic, using such logical constructs. I respectfully request you restrain your enthusiasm, and keep to facts, not opinions. [[User:Stargrave|Stargrave]] 11:58, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Use of AD ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article uses AD for no apparent reason; for any given year, AD is automatically assumed unless BC or BCE is used. It also misuses it; it's AD 2007 and not the other way around. I've noticed other articles with a similar usage.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Liberal Economics==&lt;br /&gt;
Liberal economics is not a '''political''' term. &lt;br /&gt;
Being an economic liberal means, among other things, little government intrusion into the markets or into the affairs of business. Liberal economics favors balanced budgets over either surpluses '''or''' deficits.  --[[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 02:11, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes; then we can safely say Ronald Reagan was a liberal.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:40, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: In this classical use of the term Ronald Reagan was an economic liberal.  He supported deregulation, free trade, low taxes... That is basically what an &amp;quot;economic liberal&amp;quot; is.  It has nothing to do with &amp;quot;Liberal&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Conservative&amp;quot; and is somewhat of an archaic term.  To make matters worse most liberals are not &amp;quot;economic liberals&amp;quot; (they support tariffs and heavy handed forms of central planning to promote &amp;quot;fairness&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;economic justice&amp;quot;).  [[User:Richard|Richard]] 01:54, 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::You've nailed the issue on the head.  Ronald Reagan and Boris Yeltsin are two recent examples in history of liberals; as User:Order raised the issue here [http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Liberal#Liberal_outside_of_the_US] comparing the American use of the term vs its use outside the US.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:42, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::So if little government intervention in the economy is the liberal stance on economics... does that make socialism the conservative viewpoint?  [[User:GodlessLiberal|GodlessLiberal]] 23:06, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Good question.  That presupposes liberalism and conservatism are polar opposites.  Now, in a purely cycnical sense, one can say that they are, just as sanity and insanity are polar opposites.  This is one reason I personally do not subscribe to the spectrum theory.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::In economic theory, liberality and prodigality are polar opposites.  In American political culture, &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; really are for the most part socialists; however in its American use it carries a connotation of &amp;quot;treasonous&amp;quot;.  This is absent outside of America, were many American allies, Britain or Israel for example, have Socialist governments.  Not just Socialist laws or policies, actual Socialist parties in control of government.  So if we were to apply that American understanding of the term, i.e. that a &amp;quot;Socialist&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;anti-American&amp;quot;, how do we explain close allies being &amp;quot;anti-American&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Thus, American political vocabulary is all screwed up.  And all we can really say for sure is both terms, liberal and socialist, are abused and neither conveys a clear meaning.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:38, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== By Jefferson? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Democratic Party founded by Jefferson... Humm.  I thought he founded the Democratic-Republican party which was actually referred to by contemporaries as the &amp;quot;Republican&amp;quot; party.  The modern Democratic party is the result of several splinter and transitions just like the Republican Party.  Arguably both parties are splinters from Jefferson's original party, just the Republican party went through the transition to the Whig party first.  [[User:Richard|Richard]] 01:34, 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You should learn how to place information in a talk page appropriately&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seriously, I thought I would clean up the presentation seeing as I can't in good conscience touch the content... but... GEE WHIZ these sources are awful.  A column?  Cheesy little websites with election trivia?  Pictures of maps?  This is the best we could do? [[User:Myk|Myk]] 03:25, 28 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Remove the polling data, it's worthless ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Opinion polls are not worthy of mention in an encyclopedia, except maybe to provide background information for a specific political event, such as an election.  If someone is reading this article two years from now, do you think the democrat Congress's approval rating in the second week of April 2007 will be relevant to them?  Of course not.  I'm not going to summarily remove it now, but I suspect most intelligent people will agree with me that it doesn't belong.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 14:07, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I'm more than happy to let it stay...provided we add the same polling data to the Republican Party page and the George W. Bush page. We are supposed to be even-handed here, right?--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 14:23, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::No, we're supposed to be writing educational, clear, and concise articles.  Polling data is useless in almost any context.  I vote to remove it.  Who's with me?--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 14:34, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I strongly disagree. I'm actually taking a Public Opinion course right now in college, and it's a very important gauge of historical support and for looking back and seeing '''why''' policies were enacted. Plus, once it's no longer April or whatever, we can remove it anyway. [[User:DanH|DanH]] 14:36, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Well your public opinion course is probably taught by a bunch of liberals who live and die by opinion polls.  And which enacted policies does the poll mentioned in this article help explain?  None.  My point is, if they are not being used to help understand the political climate surrounding a particular event, they are utterly useless because they're out of date not long after they're released.  So unless someone wants to keep this article updated with current polling information until the end of time, there is no reason to have it.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 14:54, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The first major expansion to [[Iraq War]], for example, had absolutley nothing whatsoever to do with the war, it's causes, it's course, etc.  It was an insertion of extensive polling data [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Iraq_War&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=33991]  A lenghty edit war ensued, and the material not only is still in the article, it has its own subhead.[http://www.conservapedia.com/Iraq_War#Opinion_polls]  Because opinion polls are obviously important to some editors not only in giving meaningful context, but in creating meaningful context, this material should stay in this article and be updated periodically.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:19, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::I would agree if the polls were used in any meaningful context in this article, but they aren't.  What is the point of saying that according to some research poll, 50% of Americans currently identify with the democrat party?  Or that as of 4/18, 53% of Americans support the democrat Congress.  Are these numbers rising?  Falling?  Are they a cause or effect of the 2006 election, or both?  There's no context.  People can come up with statistics to prove anything.  40% of all people know that.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 15:30, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::The point is, polling obviously is important to many contributors.  They evidently either make personal judgements based upon polling data, or view it as foundational to any public arguement or discourse.  And it's hard to argue with statistics.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:40, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#1, your ad hominem attack on a professor you don't even know the name of (and whose political views I don't even know, because the course is taught in a nonpartisan manner) has no bearing whatsoever on this debate, and #2, I never said that the data should ever be anything more than temporary and relevant. Do we refuse to list the governors of states because this changes over time? [[User:DanH|DanH]] 15:21, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If you think that calling a professor a liberal is an attack, I guess that's your problem.  But your ridiculous question about governors just weakens your argument.  There is only one governor of a state at any given time, but there are dozens of opinion polls which rarely come up with the same results.  So adding opinion polls willy nilly in an encyclopedia article does nothing but detract from its intent of being factual.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 15:36, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
===Please===&lt;br /&gt;
The sentence: '''Democrats in the US Congress currently have a 53.8% disapproval and a  36.8% approval rating according to the RealClearPolitics Average of several dozens of Congressional Job Approval polls conducted 04/05 - 04/18. [http://www.realclearpolitics.com/polls/archive/?poll_id=18]'''&lt;br /&gt;
This is the &amp;quot;Congressional job Approval poll&amp;quot; not the &amp;quot;democratic congress approval poll&amp;quot;. [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Hmm, let's see, who controls the US House of Reps &amp;amp; the Senate.... [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:28, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Fair enough...let us also include the pre-election numbers then '''shall we'''? Based on the Fox News Poll of 10-11-2006 Approve:31%	Disapprove:63%	  Spread:-32% ( from the same source). [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Democratic_Party&amp;diff=141825</id>
		<title>Talk:Democratic Party</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Democratic_Party&amp;diff=141825"/>
		<updated>2007-05-03T16:27:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Remove the polling data, it's worthless */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Criticism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When President Bush talked about amending the Constitution to outlaw gay marriage, he was opposed by both Democrats and Republicans. The Republicans against it tended to oppose the move based on states' rights. Also, the comment that Democrats &amp;quot;don't care about American families&amp;quot; is opinion, not fact. It should be removed. --[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 22:05, 9 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article has the biggest POV I have ever seen, and it offers no adequate description of the Democratic party. Rather, it is a catalog of what conservatives believe that Democrats believe, and it is filled with slanted descriptions (&amp;quot;The Homosexual Agenda&amp;quot;) that do not advance the purpose of the article. Perhaps this article should be renamed &amp;quot;List of conservative misinterpretations of the Democratic party.&amp;quot; That would immediately solve the problems mentioned above.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:WhatWouldJesusEdit?|WhatWouldJesusEdit?]] 11:13, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yet the [[Republican Party]] page has no such sections on Criticism. At least this site could have the courage to be somewhat fair in their heavily biased presentation of &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot;. What a joke. I mean really, is this site trying to look idiotic??&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes.  (Another edition of simple answers to simple questions.)--[[User:Jack|Jack]] 04:43, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Some of these? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The Democratic Party, as a political unit, supports abortion, gun control, and organized labor, and the funding of '''some of these''' by taxes.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seriously.  &amp;quot;Some of these?&amp;quot;  It's a list of three whole items.  Gun control is legislation, unions are a bargaining community of workers, and abortion is a medical procedure.  Of these, one needs funding, one can receive incentives, and one either is passed, or is not.  If we're going to say &amp;quot;the Democratic party supports taxpayer-funded abortion&amp;quot;, well, frankly, we'd be seriously stretching the facts, but we should at least have the courage to be concise and say that. [[User:Zondergard|Zondergard]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ummm, why did the post with a link to his poll numbers get taken down.  That seems like it goes against your commandments.--[[User:Jack|Jack]] 17:47, 17 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== ic ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The name of the party is the Democratic Party.  If you would like to use a disparaging name for the party, at least choose one that is an adjective. [[User:Myk|Myk]] 13:51, 19 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pro-Terrorism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So, let me get this straight. Being opposed to invading another country means that you support terrorism? That's logically unsound. [[User:Stargrave|Stargrave]] 15:13, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You're right. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 18:45, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(A)There are terrorists in Iraq. (B) If you don't fight terrorists you are with them (George W. Bush 2003). C) Dem's voted against fighting terrorists...therefore they are with them! &lt;br /&gt;
How's that for logic yankee!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Logical fallacy in the extreme. (A) Was not, as far as I recall, conclusively proven at the time of the vote you cite. Please cite proof that it was, or retract. (B) Is a mans opinion. No less, no more. (B) is the logical fallacy known as a Falsified Dilemma, and your reliance upon it is the fallacy known as Appeal to Authority. Look them up. The given points also conflate the notion of going to war in Iraq with war against terrorists, which is yet another logical fallacy. The whole thing is also an Appeal to Emotion. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh, and I'm english. That's an ad hominem attack right there. The opposite of appeal to authority. Basically, you've taken two faulty assumptions, a list of people you disagree with, and used that to make a statement of fact (C). Now, I could care less about your personal opinion of me, and of your (or my) opinion of the party we're discussing, but in something that's supposedly encylopedic, using such logical constructs. I respectfully request you restrain your enthusiasm, and keep to facts, not opinions. [[User:Stargrave|Stargrave]] 11:58, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Use of AD ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article uses AD for no apparent reason; for any given year, AD is automatically assumed unless BC or BCE is used. It also misuses it; it's AD 2007 and not the other way around. I've noticed other articles with a similar usage.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Liberal Economics==&lt;br /&gt;
Liberal economics is not a '''political''' term. &lt;br /&gt;
Being an economic liberal means, among other things, little government intrusion into the markets or into the affairs of business. Liberal economics favors balanced budgets over either surpluses '''or''' deficits.  --[[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 02:11, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes; then we can safely say Ronald Reagan was a liberal.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:40, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: In this classical use of the term Ronald Reagan was an economic liberal.  He supported deregulation, free trade, low taxes... That is basically what an &amp;quot;economic liberal&amp;quot; is.  It has nothing to do with &amp;quot;Liberal&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Conservative&amp;quot; and is somewhat of an archaic term.  To make matters worse most liberals are not &amp;quot;economic liberals&amp;quot; (they support tariffs and heavy handed forms of central planning to promote &amp;quot;fairness&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;economic justice&amp;quot;).  [[User:Richard|Richard]] 01:54, 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::You've nailed the issue on the head.  Ronald Reagan and Boris Yeltsin are two recent examples in history of liberals; as User:Order raised the issue here [http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Liberal#Liberal_outside_of_the_US] comparing the American use of the term vs its use outside the US.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:42, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::So if little government intervention in the economy is the liberal stance on economics... does that make socialism the conservative viewpoint?  [[User:GodlessLiberal|GodlessLiberal]] 23:06, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Good question.  That presupposes liberalism and conservatism are polar opposites.  Now, in a purely cycnical sense, one can say that they are, just as sanity and insanity are polar opposites.  This is one reason I personally do not subscribe to the spectrum theory.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::In economic theory, liberality and prodigality are polar opposites.  In American political culture, &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; really are for the most part socialists; however in its American use it carries a connotation of &amp;quot;treasonous&amp;quot;.  This is absent outside of America, were many American allies, Britain or Israel for example, have Socialist governments.  Not just Socialist laws or policies, actual Socialist parties in control of government.  So if we were to apply that American understanding of the term, i.e. that a &amp;quot;Socialist&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;anti-American&amp;quot;, how do we explain close allies being &amp;quot;anti-American&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Thus, American political vocabulary is all screwed up.  And all we can really say for sure is both terms, liberal and socialist, are abused and neither conveys a clear meaning.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:38, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== By Jefferson? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Democratic Party founded by Jefferson... Humm.  I thought he founded the Democratic-Republican party which was actually referred to by contemporaries as the &amp;quot;Republican&amp;quot; party.  The modern Democratic party is the result of several splinter and transitions just like the Republican Party.  Arguably both parties are splinters from Jefferson's original party, just the Republican party went through the transition to the Whig party first.  [[User:Richard|Richard]] 01:34, 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You should learn how to place information in a talk page appropriately&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seriously, I thought I would clean up the presentation seeing as I can't in good conscience touch the content... but... GEE WHIZ these sources are awful.  A column?  Cheesy little websites with election trivia?  Pictures of maps?  This is the best we could do? [[User:Myk|Myk]] 03:25, 28 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Remove the polling data, it's worthless ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Opinion polls are not worthy of mention in an encyclopedia, except maybe to provide background information for a specific political event, such as an election.  If someone is reading this article two years from now, do you think the democrat Congress's approval rating in the second week of April 2007 will be relevant to them?  Of course not.  I'm not going to summarily remove it now, but I suspect most intelligent people will agree with me that it doesn't belong.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 14:07, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I'm more than happy to let it stay...provided we add the same polling data to the Republican Party page and the George W. Bush page. We are supposed to be even-handed here, right?--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 14:23, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::No, we're supposed to be writing educational, clear, and concise articles.  Polling data is useless in almost any context.  I vote to remove it.  Who's with me?--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 14:34, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I strongly disagree. I'm actually taking a Public Opinion course right now in college, and it's a very important gauge of historical support and for looking back and seeing '''why''' policies were enacted. Plus, once it's no longer April or whatever, we can remove it anyway. [[User:DanH|DanH]] 14:36, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Well your public opinion course is probably taught by a bunch of liberals who live and die by opinion polls.  And which enacted policies does the poll mentioned in this article help explain?  None.  My point is, if they are not being used to help understand the political climate surrounding a particular event, they are utterly useless because they're out of date not long after they're released.  So unless someone wants to keep this article updated with current polling information until the end of time, there is no reason to have it.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 14:54, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The first major expansion to [[Iraq War]], for example, had absolutley nothing whatsoever to do with the war, it's causes, it's course, etc.  It was an insertion of extensive polling data [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Iraq_War&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=33991]  A lenghty edit war ensued, and the material not only is still in the article, it has its own subhead.[http://www.conservapedia.com/Iraq_War#Opinion_polls]  Because opinion polls are obviously important to some editors not only in giving meaningful context, but in creating meaningful context, this material should stay in this article and be updated periodically.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:19, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::I would agree if the polls were used in any meaningful context in this article, but they aren't.  What is the point of saying that according to some research poll, 50% of Americans currently identify with the democrat party?  Or that as of 4/18, 53% of Americans support the democrat Congress.  Are these numbers rising?  Falling?  Are they a cause or effect of the 2006 election, or both?  There's no context.  People can come up with statistics to prove anything.  40% of all people know that.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 15:30, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::The point is, polling obviously is important to many contributors.  They evidently either make personal judgements based upon polling data, or view it as foundational to any public arguement or discourse.  And it's hard to argue with statistics.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:40, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#1, your ad hominem attack on a professor you don't even know the name of (and whose political views I don't even know, because the course is taught in a nonpartisan manner) has no bearing whatsoever on this debate, and #2, I never said that the data should ever be anything more than temporary and relevant. Do we refuse to list the governors of states because this changes over time? [[User:DanH|DanH]] 15:21, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If you think that calling a professor a liberal is an attack, I guess that's your problem.  But your ridiculous question about governors just weakens your argument.  There is only one governor of a state at any given time, but there are dozens of opinion polls which rarely come up with the same results.  So adding opinion polls willy nilly in an encyclopedia article does nothing but detract from its intent of being factual.--[[User:Conservateur|Conservateur]] 15:36, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
===Please===&lt;br /&gt;
The sentence: '''Democrats in the US Congress currently have a 53.8% disapproval and a  36.8% approval rating according to the RealClearPolitics Average of several dozens of Congressional Job Approval polls conducted 04/05 - 04/18. [http://www.realclearpolitics.com/polls/archive/?poll_id=18]'''&lt;br /&gt;
This is the &amp;quot;Congressional job Approval poll&amp;quot; not the &amp;quot;democratic congress approval poll&amp;quot;. [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140376</id>
		<title>Talk:Hate crime</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140376"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T16:05:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Cut from the article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:A common form is racial hate crime, 90% of which is committed by blacks on whites.[Citation Needed]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two questions:&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that most inter-racial crime is black on white, rather than white on black?&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that 90% of racial [[hate crime]] is black on white?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
BTW, I've heard that most crime perpetrated on blacks is black-on-black crime. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P.S. I'm a math teacher, so be careful with your statistics. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:31, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is mostly black on white, and I am starting to think this site is trying to piss of white people. Well, maybe I meant interracial. [[User:Tyhorm|Tyhorm]] 11:34, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, Ed Poor: Please provide a cite for the &amp;quot;'''The new [[Speaker of the House]] for the 2007-2008 [[Congress]], [[Nancy Pelosi]], seeks to pass hate crime legislation proposed in the prior session of [[Congress]] in H.R.3132.'''&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
sentence, as the ''&amp;quot;Children's Safety Act of 2005&amp;quot;'' doesn't seem to mention &amp;quot;hate crimes&amp;quot;. thanks [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 11:32, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Just for the record, title X of the Children's Safety Act delas with hate crimes.[[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c109:3:./temp/~c1096BvIUM:e140452:]]--[[User:Epicurius|Steve]] 11:42, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Thank you, Steve. Sorry Ed if I gave you the impression of not trusting your source but please try to include kinda exactly where to find these things; trying to wade through an entire piece of legislation for the germane section can be taxing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Rob, I don't know anything about Pelosi or H.R. 3132. I suggest you ask Mr. Schlafly. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:53, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Well, unless he comes and visits this page he won't see my &amp;quot;complaint&amp;quot; and I'm not going to &amp;quot;pollute&amp;quot; his talk page with piddling details. Could you, though, Ed, at least fix the sentence: Changing '''seeks''' to '''sought''' ought to do it. Thanks.[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
::::Done.[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Hate_crime&amp;diff=140373</id>
		<title>Hate crime</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Hate_crime&amp;diff=140373"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T16:05:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: grammar&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{RefAppeal}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A hate crime is an unlawful act motivated by prejudice against a type of person or lifestyle. Hate crime legislation imposes additional punishment for crimes motivated by such prejudice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Liberals promote hate crime legislation for two reasons;&lt;br /&gt;
# to publicize and sometimes exaggerate the importance of [[prejudice]] and&lt;br /&gt;
# to legitimize certain [[lifestyle]]s by declaring them to be protected by law.&lt;br /&gt;
Under the second reason, hate crime legislation is a stepping stone for a lifestyle to become protected under anti-discrimination laws.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A ladder to legislate social acceptance and promotion of a lifestyle would be as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Bottom Rung:''' hate crime legislation to recognize and accept the lifestyle.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Middle Rung:''' anti-[[discrimination]] legislation to favor and promote the lifestyle.&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Top Rung:''' [[affirmative action]] to fully promote the lifestyle.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new [[Speaker of the House]] for the 2007-2008 [[Congress]], [[Nancy Pelosi]], sought to pass hate crime legislation proposed in the prior session of [[Congress]] in H.R.3132.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Crimes]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140362</id>
		<title>Talk:Hate crime</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140362"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T16:01:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Cut from the article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:A common form is racial hate crime, 90% of which is committed by blacks on whites.[Citation Needed]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two questions:&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that most inter-racial crime is black on white, rather than white on black?&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that 90% of racial [[hate crime]] is black on white?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
BTW, I've heard that most crime perpetrated on blacks is black-on-black crime. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P.S. I'm a math teacher, so be careful with your statistics. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:31, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is mostly black on white, and I am starting to think this site is trying to piss of white people. Well, maybe I meant interracial. [[User:Tyhorm|Tyhorm]] 11:34, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, Ed Poor: Please provide a cite for the &amp;quot;'''The new [[Speaker of the House]] for the 2007-2008 [[Congress]], [[Nancy Pelosi]], seeks to pass hate crime legislation proposed in the prior session of [[Congress]] in H.R.3132.'''&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
sentence, as the ''&amp;quot;Children's Safety Act of 2005&amp;quot;'' doesn't seem to mention &amp;quot;hate crimes&amp;quot;. thanks [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 11:32, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Just for the record, title X of the Children's Safety Act delas with hate crimes.[[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c109:3:./temp/~c1096BvIUM:e140452:]]--[[User:Epicurius|Steve]] 11:42, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Thank you, Steve. Sorry Ed if I gave you the impression of not trusting your source but please try to include kinda exactly where to find these things; trying to wade through an entire piece of legislation for the germane section can be taxing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Rob, I don't know anything about Pelosi or H.R. 3132. I suggest you ask Mr. Schlafly. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:53, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Well, unless he comes and visits this page he won't see my &amp;quot;complaint&amp;quot; and I'm not going to &amp;quot;pollute&amp;quot; his talk page with piddling details. Could you, though, Ed, at least fix the sentence: Changing '''seeks''' to '''sought''' ought to do it. Thanks.[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140347</id>
		<title>Talk:Hate crime</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140347"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T15:49:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Cut from the article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:A common form is racial hate crime, 90% of which is committed by blacks on whites.[Citation Needed]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two questions:&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that most inter-racial crime is black on white, rather than white on black?&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that 90% of racial [[hate crime]] is black on white?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
BTW, I've heard that most crime perpetrated on blacks is black-on-black crime. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P.S. I'm a math teacher, so be careful with your statistics. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:31, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is mostly black on white, and I am starting to think this site is trying to piss of white people. Well, maybe I meant interracial. [[User:Tyhorm|Tyhorm]] 11:34, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, Ed Poor: Please provide a cite for the &amp;quot;'''The new [[Speaker of the House]] for the 2007-2008 [[Congress]], [[Nancy Pelosi]], seeks to pass hate crime legislation proposed in the prior session of [[Congress]] in H.R.3132.'''&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
sentence, as the ''&amp;quot;Children's Safety Act of 2005&amp;quot;'' doesn't seem to mention &amp;quot;hate crimes&amp;quot;. thanks [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 11:32, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Just for the record, title X of the Children's Safety Act delas with hate crimes.[[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c109:3:./temp/~c1096BvIUM:e140452:]]--[[User:Epicurius|Steve]] 11:42, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Thank you, Steve. Sorry Ed if I gave you the impression of not trusting your source but please try to include kinda exactly where to find these things; trying to wade through an entire piece of legislation for the germane section can be taxing.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140317</id>
		<title>Talk:Hate crime</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hate_crime&amp;diff=140317"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T15:32:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Cut from the article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:A common form is racial hate crime, 90% of which is committed by blacks on whites.[Citation Needed]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two questions:&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that most inter-racial crime is black on white, rather than white on black?&lt;br /&gt;
#Are we saying that 90% of racial [[hate crime]] is black on white?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
BTW, I've heard that most crime perpetrated on blacks is black-on-black crime. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P.S. I'm a math teacher, so be careful with your statistics. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:31, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, Ed Poor: Please provide a cite for the &amp;quot;'''The new [[Speaker of the House]] for the 2007-2008 [[Congress]], [[Nancy Pelosi]], seeks to pass hate crime legislation proposed in the prior session of [[Congress]] in H.R.3132.'''&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
sentence, as the ''&amp;quot;Children's Safety Act of 2005&amp;quot;'' doesn't seem to mention &amp;quot;hate crimes&amp;quot;. thanks [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 11:32, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Conversion_therapy&amp;diff=139601</id>
		<title>Talk:Conversion therapy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Conversion_therapy&amp;diff=139601"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T02:57:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Are there any other groups besides APA that reject Reparative therapy? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I made these changes after an argument with Ed Poor on IRC.  In an effort to be fair, I have divided the page into sections for &amp;amp; against.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 11:13, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:For and against is a good division. This is a hot topic, i.e., hotly debated. The fur may fly. Let's try to keep it cool. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:55, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example 1==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is flawed citation, '''American Psychiatric Association''', [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Reparative_therapy&amp;amp;diff=128816&amp;amp;oldid=122468] it is the American Psychological Association.  I'll give AmesG one warning, as I believe he understands the issues.  This is integral to this discussion and debate regarding representation of the science and research on homosexuality. I will accept it as a one time error in good faith, henceforth &amp;quot;errors&amp;quot;, and misrepresentations of citations like this, '''will be regarded as deliberate deception, and trolling.'''  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:06, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If you block him, please make it a short one. I myself have trouble keeping the two psych groups apart in my mind.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Also, we need to distinguish between &amp;quot;[[brainwashing]]&amp;quot; (coercive changes attempted on prisoners) and &amp;quot;counseling&amp;quot; (voluntary changes attempted on clients). --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:16, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::That's a very easy mistake to make and there's no particular advantage to citing one APA over the other.  I doubt it was an attempt to be misleading. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 11:23, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Murray, I disagree.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Ed and AmesG, I haven't had much interaction with AmesG in editing, but he should understand, I can handle all kinds of personal abuse, etc., one thing I am [[intolerance|intollerent]] of, is misrepresentation of sources.  This instance was as plain as the nose on your face, however when someone cites a source to make it say something ''other than what it says'', or does not say at all, I am as equally intollerent.  IOW, read your cites, understand completely what they say, ''before'' using them.   [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:25, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Well, that's the part I agree with 100%. It's one of the main reasons I'm so inactive at Wikipedia.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The desire to make the source '''seem''' to say what you want it to say ... --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:31, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::A very recent discussion appropriately enough on the [[Deceit]] talk page is the best example yet. [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Deceit&amp;amp;diff=126167&amp;amp;oldid=126157] An editor claimed Paul Wolfowitz said such and such on a date specific.  Click on the link, and it was his interviewer quoting Wolfowitz from a previous interview.  After I pointed out to the editor this was an extremely bad &amp;quot;example&amp;quot; of deception, to my surprise he immediately returned with the original interview.  Reading the first two exchanges of that original interview, [http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0305/S00308.htm] it quickly became obvious ''why'' this editor deliberately engaged in this calculated deception.  I wish to make the emphatic point, I ''personally'' get offended when someone insults me with this kind of garbage, as if I am too stupid to discern the facts.  It really is very much a personal attack. ([http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Deceit#Paul_Wolfowitz Full discussion]).  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:44, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Well, that's a whole can of worms + another full can of scorpions! &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I remember when the liberal press decided how to gang up on Bush about the invasion rationale, because it came right after one of the few times I actually listened to a presidential address on live radio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::There's a whole lot of misinformation &amp;quot;out there&amp;quot;, which simply underscores the need for us to make a trustworthy encyclopedia. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I only hope we can do it with ulcers, heart attacks or strokes! ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:47, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::You mean Bush and Hillary; as Hillary said, &amp;quot;this is something that I have followed for a decade. If he were serious about disarming, he would have been much more forthcoming....there is no accounting for the chemical and biological stocks.&amp;quot; [http://www.archive.org/details/HillaryClintonsviewsongoingtowarSaddamandWMDs]  Let's be fair about this.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:15, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I fail to see what the problem is here, yes the citation had an most likely unintentional spelling error on it, if that is the problem, why not just correct it, no need to remove all of the content. Allso American Psychological Association and American Psychiatric Association seam to share the same opininnion that reparative therapy isn't usually helpfull, on the contrary it's usually harmfull [http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.html] So i see even less reason to over react to this error. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 13:58, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Correction was done, and as stated above, the editor understands the issues, which is not an unqualified statement and I can ''personally'' attest to.   What flowed from that &amp;quot;errant&amp;quot; citation was a whole series of faulty, and deceptive references and editing.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:42, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::After going thro the page history im quite baffled, what series of faulty and deceptive refrences and editing do you mean? This article only has few edits and only one even touching the whole subject is you when deleting AmesG:s edits. This all makes one wonder what your true motivations where. Either way, i take you don't then oppose me adding that information again with small modifications and the right citation? [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 15:59, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Let me make this clear, the text that was reverted has been rejected.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:41, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::On what grounds? After correcting the citations and mayby few small modifications it should be well sourced and supported claim. To remove it there would need to be some reason. Might you specify one? [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 16:58, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example 2==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''the theory maintains, homosexuality can be &amp;quot;cured&amp;quot; or remedied.''&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.truthortradition.com/modules.php?name=News&amp;amp;file=article&amp;amp;sid=282 Sexual Activity and the Gay Agenda]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Neither citation, the original ''Sexual Activity and the Gay Agenda'', or what it is quoting from, [http://www.narth.com/docs/cases.html Healing Homosexuality: Case Stories of Reparative Therapy], use the word &amp;quot;cured&amp;quot;, yet it is represented here in quotations.  This misrepresention will not be tolerated. So AmesG has been put on notice.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:42, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:In other words, don't use scare quotes in an article, especially in a sentence or paragraph with footnotes. It seemed apropos to check the APA Publication Manual, and here's what they say:&lt;br /&gt;
:*&amp;quot;Use double quotation marks to introduce a word or phrase used as an ironic comment, as slang, or as an invented coined expression. Use quotation marks the first time the word or phrase is used; thereafter, do not use the quotation marks.&amp;quot; (2001, 82)&lt;br /&gt;
:*&amp;quot;Do not use double quotation marks to hedge. [For example,] ''the teacher &amp;quot;rewarded&amp;quot; the class with tokens.''&amp;quot; (2001, 83)&lt;br /&gt;
:I can certainly see the slangy nature of the word &amp;quot;cure&amp;quot; in this context, as most authorities would state that &amp;quot;curing&amp;quot; homosexuality is a ''prima facie'' impossibility; it is not an illness. On the other hand, that's almost the same as hedging an expression. APA isn't very helpful here. I would say the sentence should be reworded to make it clear that the word &amp;quot;cure&amp;quot; is not being quoted from the cited material, or do away with it.--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 14:50, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*''most authorities ''&lt;br /&gt;
**Who? the American Psychiatric Association or the American Psychological Association?  It would have helped to begin this discussion with a little good faith (on the original editors part).  However, its all moot at this point.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:17, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example 3==&lt;br /&gt;
*''the American Psychological Association flatly rejects the theory as insulting, degrading, and potentially damaging..&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
Nowhere does the word &amp;quot;insulting&amp;quot; appear in the mirepresented link.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:54, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Keeping Balance: Let ME Make this Clear ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reparative theory is controversial.  Most of the legitimate medical world rejects it.  Both perspectives need to be offered, or the article will be wrong.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 16:42, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree with Ames. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 16:50, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I have no objections to telling both sides of the RT story. Now, let's see, where's that nice book [[Dr. Laura]] endorsed? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:53, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hey Rob, great job discussing it on the talk page.  You need to raise the objections to the &amp;quot;theory&amp;quot; from the APA; otherwise it's wrong.  Say it's the APA; not &amp;quot;some groups.&amp;quot;  And remember, it's just a theory ;-) -'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:04, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Well you can begin straightening out any bogus text and citations you wish to add here on talk before the page gets unlocked.   [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:11, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Tell me how your version's better.  Mine is more balanced, better organized, and cites more than just sources that support one perspective.  So, yours is...? -'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:12, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Read the above three Examples and respond specifically, otherwise it's just trolling.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:13, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I fixed your comments as requested.  How is yours better than my fixed version?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:14, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:That's what I thought.  My version was better.  Change it back.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:20, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;quot;Not Any Scientific Reasoning&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
You realize there's no scientific basis for calling homosexuality a mental disorder, right?  And, assuming ''arguendo'' no evidence for NOT calling it a mental disorder, don't you think it's best to err on the side of declassifying, so as not to offend?  And do you not further realize, that &amp;quot;disorder&amp;quot; is a relative term, judged by society's values, et al, not an objective term of art?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:09, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Gender identity disorder]].  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:11, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
...which is different than homosexuality in many important elements.  And I'm not talking about your hatchet job on that article, I'm talking about this hatchet job.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:13, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Not what the DSM IV says. [http://www.mental-health-today.com/gender/dsm.htm]  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:15, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to suggest that homosexuality is necessary for a diagnosis of some, but not sufficient for it.  You are aware of the distinction?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:17, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Who would this diagnosis apply to other than latent or active homosexuals?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:23, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Let's draw a Venn Diagram!  &amp;quot;Gender identity&amp;quot; seems to be, from the perspective of the article, a ''subset'' of homosexuality.  I'm not saying it's right, I'm just saying that's what your source argues.  It does ''not'' argue that &amp;quot;gender identity disorder&amp;quot; = homosexuality.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:20, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Let's qualify my source first.  My source is the APA DVM IV.  This is the diagnositc manual of psychiatric disorders.  All subsidiary pschyotherapists bow and genuflect to this source.  It is the textbook of medical conditions and diagnosis.  If it's not in here, its not a medical or psychiatric condition.  If it is here, it is a profressionaly recognized and treatable psychiatric condition.  Would you agree with that characterization, or can you cite a more qualified source than the APA on recognized psychiatric conditions and mental illness?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:55, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: I never impugned the quality of your source.  I said it doesn't support the equation of gender identity disorder with homosexuality.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:59, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I have heard only theological speculation (from lay Christians) about gender identity disorder being related to homosexuality. Feeling that you're the wrong sex tends to lead to cross-dressing. Feeling that you need to unite with the &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;opposite&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sex leads to homosexuality. The two disorders might be similar, but for our purposes they're distinct enough for separate articles. We need to dig into authors like Socarides, Medinger, Cohen, Schlesinger, Dobson, etc., for solid psychological and religious views. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 23:07, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::What an embarassing typo (thinko?) I made! I meant ''unite with the same sex'', of course. :-( --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:23, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
AmesG, who, other than a latent or active homosexual, could be diagnosed with gender identity disorder?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:17, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Sigh, right, your source argues &amp;quot;all gender ID sufferers are gay,&amp;quot; not &amp;quot;all gays are gender ID sufferers.&amp;quot;  Do you understand the distinction?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 23:19, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::The diagnosis is, all gender ID sufferers are gay who complain about it.  Point being, cancer symptoms are not symptoms of gender ID disorder, whereas homosexual desires are a symptom of the mental illness.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:04, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::The source demonstrates that homosexual desires in ''some'' people are the result of a mental illness, not anything else. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 03:42, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::I'm not certain I understand this.  You mean the gay gene causes mental illness?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:03, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::No. I'm afraid I don't understand why you don't understand this issue, so I'll put the logic out in a step by step fashion. Apologies if it seems condescending, but I see no other way.&lt;br /&gt;
#Gender ID disorder ''is'' a mental illness&lt;br /&gt;
#According to how the source is reported on this page, all gender ID sufferers are gay&lt;br /&gt;
#Gender ID disorder is ''not'' the &amp;quot;gay gene&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
#Not all gay people have gender ID disorder&lt;br /&gt;
#Therefore, only a subset of gay people have Gender ID disorder&lt;br /&gt;
#Therefore, only a subset of gay people have a mental illness.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 13:24, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*''According to how the source is reported on this page, all gender ID sufferers are gay ''&lt;br /&gt;
:Where does it say this, and what language would you propose to clarify it?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:28, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Not all people with GID are gay, either.  The DSM only gives stats for men who were diagnosed in childhood.  Of those, 75% as adults are either gay or bisexual, 25% are heterosexual.  And Rob, &amp;quot;homosexual desires&amp;quot; are not a symptom of GID.  It's about wanting to be the other gender.  For example, in kids, one symptom is a &amp;quot;strong preference for playmates of the other sex&amp;quot; (p537 of DSM).  Sexual desire isn't even mentioned in the diagnostic criteria. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 13:31, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:So the arguement is, &amp;quot;strong persistent cross-gender identification&amp;quot; refers to something other than homosexuality.[http://www.mental-health-today.com/gender/dsm.htm]  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:28, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Yep.  I'm not sure why you think otherwise.  You have several times linked to the site that lists the DSM diagnostic criteria.  Perhaps you could point out where it says that it refers to homosexuality?  I can't find anything in my copy. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 14:45, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Define &amp;quot;strong persistent cross-gender identification&amp;quot; then.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:47, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::The feeling that one should be or would rather be the opposite gender.  Wanting to take on roles that traditionally belong to the other gender.  Often to the point of feeling so uncomfortable with one's gender as to try to pass as the opposite gender, or to have surgery to actually become the other gender.  Read the entry again - it says virtually nothing about sexuality at all.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 14:55, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Ok, let's confine this discussion to humans.  So this means a man wants to have a baby?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:08, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::I guess I missed the point at which non-humans came up.  Sure, that would be consistent, though not necessary.  And? [[User:Murray|Murray]] 15:30, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::So we can rule out [[asexual]]s then.  But &amp;quot;strong, persistent cross identification&amp;quot; goes beyond wanting to wear high heals.  It deals with sex, either a man wants to have a baby, or woman feels she can impregnate someone, or there is a desire to have sex with members of ones own sex.  Would that be fair characterization?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:37, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
No, I don't think it would be.  If a man wishes he could get pregnant, it doesn't follow that it's because he wants to have sex with another man.  If it was about sex with another man, why would pregnancy come into it?  It's more likely a desire for motherhood (see 2nd para under '''Diagnostic Features''').  It is beyond wanting to wear high heels, but that doesn't make it about sex.  It's about (assuming we're talking about a man) wanting to live as a woman, with everything that encompasses.  High heels, makeup, etc., are symbols of womanhood.   [[User:Murray|Murray]] 15:46, 1 May 2007 (EDT)  Adds: There may be a desire to have sex with someone of the same gender but that's peripheral to the definition of GID. And it's more about wanting oneself to be the opposite gender, and therefore be having sex with someone of the opposite gender, if you know what i mean. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 15:49, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:So homosexuality enters into the equation.  And by definition, this diagnosis could not apply to anyone ''other than'' homosexuals.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:53, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Then how is it that the symptoms usually fade as childhood goes on, and that 25% are heterosexual by late adolescence?  The diagnosis still has nothing to do with whether a person wants to have same-sex sex.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 16:02, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Sorry I missed that stat. It does say men outnumber women who seek sex change operation by a 3/1 ratio.  This is an interesting stat, given that nature provides roughly a 50/50 ratio of births, men to women.  You'd think, since nature screwed up, the ratios would be somewhat more equal.  How do we explain this disequilibria?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:24, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::There are any number of diseases/disorders which effect one sex more than the other.  Nothing particularly unusual about that.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 16:33, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::That's true.  Prostate cancer is extremely rare among women.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:42, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
It should also be pointed out that individuals diagnosed with gender identity disorder typically also present some form of mental stress because of the identity crisis and subsequent conflict.  Many who are homosexual but not diagnosed with the geder identity disorder do not exhibit stress due to their sexual orientation per se, but because of the reactions they observe from others. -Prof0705&lt;br /&gt;
:I get it, others are making them sick.  Their victim status leads to an illness, or is it the other way around, their illness leads to a victim status not enshrined in law yet?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:49, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Nature screwed up?  I don't necessarily agree with that but I'm glad to see you accepting that homosexuality is biologically determined.  Regarding the gender distribution of GID, a reasonable hypothesis is that something about prenatal brain development (eg, hormone levels) was different.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 19:31, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Actually no.  I didn't express a personal opinion.  I am reciting the theory of science behind both gay gene theory and this diagnosis.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:23, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== This article is currently of poor quality. It is mighty thin on citations.   ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is currently of poor quality.  It is mighty thin on citations. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 19:34, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Are there any other groups besides APA that reject Reparative therapy?  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What other groups besides the APA reject Reparative therapy? [[User:Danbarker|Danbarker]] 22:00, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Off the top of my head, the other APA (American Psychiatric Assoc) and the American Medical Association. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:04, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:And after a quick search, the American Counseling Association, National Association of Social Workers, American Academy of Pediatrics, National Association of School Psychologists, American Association of School Administrators, National Education Association, and American Federation of Teachers. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:06, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I think we've covered this ground.  These groups all follow the lead taken by the American Psychiatric Assoc.  None of them go contrary.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:16, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Pardon me for answering the question.  The American Psychological Association came first, actually, 1990 vs 1998. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:20, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::That's not the issue.  The issue is over what the diagnosis of the illness is.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:38, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Umm, ''What'' &amp;quot;illness&amp;quot;? [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:40, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Well, we've been having discussion on several pages over varius diagnosis. [[Gender identity disorder]] is one, [[Homophobia]] is another.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:54, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(unindent)Oh, okay, for this article I'd guess you'd being thinking of something along the lines of ''Sexual orientation dysphoria''. [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Conversion_therapy&amp;diff=139579</id>
		<title>Talk:Conversion therapy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Conversion_therapy&amp;diff=139579"/>
		<updated>2007-05-02T02:40:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Are there any other groups besides APA that reject Reparative therapy? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I made these changes after an argument with Ed Poor on IRC.  In an effort to be fair, I have divided the page into sections for &amp;amp; against.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 11:13, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:For and against is a good division. This is a hot topic, i.e., hotly debated. The fur may fly. Let's try to keep it cool. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:55, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example 1==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is flawed citation, '''American Psychiatric Association''', [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Reparative_therapy&amp;amp;diff=128816&amp;amp;oldid=122468] it is the American Psychological Association.  I'll give AmesG one warning, as I believe he understands the issues.  This is integral to this discussion and debate regarding representation of the science and research on homosexuality. I will accept it as a one time error in good faith, henceforth &amp;quot;errors&amp;quot;, and misrepresentations of citations like this, '''will be regarded as deliberate deception, and trolling.'''  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:06, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If you block him, please make it a short one. I myself have trouble keeping the two psych groups apart in my mind.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Also, we need to distinguish between &amp;quot;[[brainwashing]]&amp;quot; (coercive changes attempted on prisoners) and &amp;quot;counseling&amp;quot; (voluntary changes attempted on clients). --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:16, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::That's a very easy mistake to make and there's no particular advantage to citing one APA over the other.  I doubt it was an attempt to be misleading. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 11:23, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Murray, I disagree.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Ed and AmesG, I haven't had much interaction with AmesG in editing, but he should understand, I can handle all kinds of personal abuse, etc., one thing I am [[intolerance|intollerent]] of, is misrepresentation of sources.  This instance was as plain as the nose on your face, however when someone cites a source to make it say something ''other than what it says'', or does not say at all, I am as equally intollerent.  IOW, read your cites, understand completely what they say, ''before'' using them.   [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:25, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Well, that's the part I agree with 100%. It's one of the main reasons I'm so inactive at Wikipedia.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The desire to make the source '''seem''' to say what you want it to say ... --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:31, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::A very recent discussion appropriately enough on the [[Deceit]] talk page is the best example yet. [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Deceit&amp;amp;diff=126167&amp;amp;oldid=126157] An editor claimed Paul Wolfowitz said such and such on a date specific.  Click on the link, and it was his interviewer quoting Wolfowitz from a previous interview.  After I pointed out to the editor this was an extremely bad &amp;quot;example&amp;quot; of deception, to my surprise he immediately returned with the original interview.  Reading the first two exchanges of that original interview, [http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0305/S00308.htm] it quickly became obvious ''why'' this editor deliberately engaged in this calculated deception.  I wish to make the emphatic point, I ''personally'' get offended when someone insults me with this kind of garbage, as if I am too stupid to discern the facts.  It really is very much a personal attack. ([http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Deceit#Paul_Wolfowitz Full discussion]).  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:44, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Well, that's a whole can of worms + another full can of scorpions! &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I remember when the liberal press decided how to gang up on Bush about the invasion rationale, because it came right after one of the few times I actually listened to a presidential address on live radio.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::There's a whole lot of misinformation &amp;quot;out there&amp;quot;, which simply underscores the need for us to make a trustworthy encyclopedia. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I only hope we can do it with ulcers, heart attacks or strokes! ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:47, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::You mean Bush and Hillary; as Hillary said, &amp;quot;this is something that I have followed for a decade. If he were serious about disarming, he would have been much more forthcoming....there is no accounting for the chemical and biological stocks.&amp;quot; [http://www.archive.org/details/HillaryClintonsviewsongoingtowarSaddamandWMDs]  Let's be fair about this.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:15, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I fail to see what the problem is here, yes the citation had an most likely unintentional spelling error on it, if that is the problem, why not just correct it, no need to remove all of the content. Allso American Psychological Association and American Psychiatric Association seam to share the same opininnion that reparative therapy isn't usually helpfull, on the contrary it's usually harmfull [http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.html] So i see even less reason to over react to this error. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 13:58, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Correction was done, and as stated above, the editor understands the issues, which is not an unqualified statement and I can ''personally'' attest to.   What flowed from that &amp;quot;errant&amp;quot; citation was a whole series of faulty, and deceptive references and editing.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:42, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::After going thro the page history im quite baffled, what series of faulty and deceptive refrences and editing do you mean? This article only has few edits and only one even touching the whole subject is you when deleting AmesG:s edits. This all makes one wonder what your true motivations where. Either way, i take you don't then oppose me adding that information again with small modifications and the right citation? [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 15:59, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Let me make this clear, the text that was reverted has been rejected.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:41, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::On what grounds? After correcting the citations and mayby few small modifications it should be well sourced and supported claim. To remove it there would need to be some reason. Might you specify one? [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 16:58, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example 2==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''the theory maintains, homosexuality can be &amp;quot;cured&amp;quot; or remedied.''&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.truthortradition.com/modules.php?name=News&amp;amp;file=article&amp;amp;sid=282 Sexual Activity and the Gay Agenda]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Neither citation, the original ''Sexual Activity and the Gay Agenda'', or what it is quoting from, [http://www.narth.com/docs/cases.html Healing Homosexuality: Case Stories of Reparative Therapy], use the word &amp;quot;cured&amp;quot;, yet it is represented here in quotations.  This misrepresention will not be tolerated. So AmesG has been put on notice.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:42, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:In other words, don't use scare quotes in an article, especially in a sentence or paragraph with footnotes. It seemed apropos to check the APA Publication Manual, and here's what they say:&lt;br /&gt;
:*&amp;quot;Use double quotation marks to introduce a word or phrase used as an ironic comment, as slang, or as an invented coined expression. Use quotation marks the first time the word or phrase is used; thereafter, do not use the quotation marks.&amp;quot; (2001, 82)&lt;br /&gt;
:*&amp;quot;Do not use double quotation marks to hedge. [For example,] ''the teacher &amp;quot;rewarded&amp;quot; the class with tokens.''&amp;quot; (2001, 83)&lt;br /&gt;
:I can certainly see the slangy nature of the word &amp;quot;cure&amp;quot; in this context, as most authorities would state that &amp;quot;curing&amp;quot; homosexuality is a ''prima facie'' impossibility; it is not an illness. On the other hand, that's almost the same as hedging an expression. APA isn't very helpful here. I would say the sentence should be reworded to make it clear that the word &amp;quot;cure&amp;quot; is not being quoted from the cited material, or do away with it.--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 14:50, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*''most authorities ''&lt;br /&gt;
**Who? the American Psychiatric Association or the American Psychological Association?  It would have helped to begin this discussion with a little good faith (on the original editors part).  However, its all moot at this point.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:17, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example 3==&lt;br /&gt;
*''the American Psychological Association flatly rejects the theory as insulting, degrading, and potentially damaging..&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
Nowhere does the word &amp;quot;insulting&amp;quot; appear in the mirepresented link.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:54, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Keeping Balance: Let ME Make this Clear ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reparative theory is controversial.  Most of the legitimate medical world rejects it.  Both perspectives need to be offered, or the article will be wrong.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 16:42, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree with Ames. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 16:50, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I have no objections to telling both sides of the RT story. Now, let's see, where's that nice book [[Dr. Laura]] endorsed? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:53, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hey Rob, great job discussing it on the talk page.  You need to raise the objections to the &amp;quot;theory&amp;quot; from the APA; otherwise it's wrong.  Say it's the APA; not &amp;quot;some groups.&amp;quot;  And remember, it's just a theory ;-) -'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:04, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Well you can begin straightening out any bogus text and citations you wish to add here on talk before the page gets unlocked.   [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:11, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Tell me how your version's better.  Mine is more balanced, better organized, and cites more than just sources that support one perspective.  So, yours is...? -'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:12, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Read the above three Examples and respond specifically, otherwise it's just trolling.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:13, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I fixed your comments as requested.  How is yours better than my fixed version?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:14, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:That's what I thought.  My version was better.  Change it back.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:20, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;quot;Not Any Scientific Reasoning&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
You realize there's no scientific basis for calling homosexuality a mental disorder, right?  And, assuming ''arguendo'' no evidence for NOT calling it a mental disorder, don't you think it's best to err on the side of declassifying, so as not to offend?  And do you not further realize, that &amp;quot;disorder&amp;quot; is a relative term, judged by society's values, et al, not an objective term of art?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:09, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Gender identity disorder]].  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:11, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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...which is different than homosexuality in many important elements.  And I'm not talking about your hatchet job on that article, I'm talking about this hatchet job.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:13, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Not what the DSM IV says. [http://www.mental-health-today.com/gender/dsm.htm]  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:15, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to suggest that homosexuality is necessary for a diagnosis of some, but not sufficient for it.  You are aware of the distinction?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:17, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Who would this diagnosis apply to other than latent or active homosexuals?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:23, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Let's draw a Venn Diagram!  &amp;quot;Gender identity&amp;quot; seems to be, from the perspective of the article, a ''subset'' of homosexuality.  I'm not saying it's right, I'm just saying that's what your source argues.  It does ''not'' argue that &amp;quot;gender identity disorder&amp;quot; = homosexuality.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:20, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Let's qualify my source first.  My source is the APA DVM IV.  This is the diagnositc manual of psychiatric disorders.  All subsidiary pschyotherapists bow and genuflect to this source.  It is the textbook of medical conditions and diagnosis.  If it's not in here, its not a medical or psychiatric condition.  If it is here, it is a profressionaly recognized and treatable psychiatric condition.  Would you agree with that characterization, or can you cite a more qualified source than the APA on recognized psychiatric conditions and mental illness?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:55, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: I never impugned the quality of your source.  I said it doesn't support the equation of gender identity disorder with homosexuality.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:59, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I have heard only theological speculation (from lay Christians) about gender identity disorder being related to homosexuality. Feeling that you're the wrong sex tends to lead to cross-dressing. Feeling that you need to unite with the &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;opposite&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sex leads to homosexuality. The two disorders might be similar, but for our purposes they're distinct enough for separate articles. We need to dig into authors like Socarides, Medinger, Cohen, Schlesinger, Dobson, etc., for solid psychological and religious views. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 23:07, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::What an embarassing typo (thinko?) I made! I meant ''unite with the same sex'', of course. :-( --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:23, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
AmesG, who, other than a latent or active homosexual, could be diagnosed with gender identity disorder?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:17, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Sigh, right, your source argues &amp;quot;all gender ID sufferers are gay,&amp;quot; not &amp;quot;all gays are gender ID sufferers.&amp;quot;  Do you understand the distinction?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 23:19, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::The diagnosis is, all gender ID sufferers are gay who complain about it.  Point being, cancer symptoms are not symptoms of gender ID disorder, whereas homosexual desires are a symptom of the mental illness.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:04, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::The source demonstrates that homosexual desires in ''some'' people are the result of a mental illness, not anything else. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 03:42, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::I'm not certain I understand this.  You mean the gay gene causes mental illness?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:03, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::No. I'm afraid I don't understand why you don't understand this issue, so I'll put the logic out in a step by step fashion. Apologies if it seems condescending, but I see no other way.&lt;br /&gt;
#Gender ID disorder ''is'' a mental illness&lt;br /&gt;
#According to how the source is reported on this page, all gender ID sufferers are gay&lt;br /&gt;
#Gender ID disorder is ''not'' the &amp;quot;gay gene&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
#Not all gay people have gender ID disorder&lt;br /&gt;
#Therefore, only a subset of gay people have Gender ID disorder&lt;br /&gt;
#Therefore, only a subset of gay people have a mental illness.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 13:24, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*''According to how the source is reported on this page, all gender ID sufferers are gay ''&lt;br /&gt;
:Where does it say this, and what language would you propose to clarify it?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:28, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Not all people with GID are gay, either.  The DSM only gives stats for men who were diagnosed in childhood.  Of those, 75% as adults are either gay or bisexual, 25% are heterosexual.  And Rob, &amp;quot;homosexual desires&amp;quot; are not a symptom of GID.  It's about wanting to be the other gender.  For example, in kids, one symptom is a &amp;quot;strong preference for playmates of the other sex&amp;quot; (p537 of DSM).  Sexual desire isn't even mentioned in the diagnostic criteria. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 13:31, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:So the arguement is, &amp;quot;strong persistent cross-gender identification&amp;quot; refers to something other than homosexuality.[http://www.mental-health-today.com/gender/dsm.htm]  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:28, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Yep.  I'm not sure why you think otherwise.  You have several times linked to the site that lists the DSM diagnostic criteria.  Perhaps you could point out where it says that it refers to homosexuality?  I can't find anything in my copy. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 14:45, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Define &amp;quot;strong persistent cross-gender identification&amp;quot; then.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:47, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::The feeling that one should be or would rather be the opposite gender.  Wanting to take on roles that traditionally belong to the other gender.  Often to the point of feeling so uncomfortable with one's gender as to try to pass as the opposite gender, or to have surgery to actually become the other gender.  Read the entry again - it says virtually nothing about sexuality at all.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 14:55, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Ok, let's confine this discussion to humans.  So this means a man wants to have a baby?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:08, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::I guess I missed the point at which non-humans came up.  Sure, that would be consistent, though not necessary.  And? [[User:Murray|Murray]] 15:30, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::So we can rule out [[asexual]]s then.  But &amp;quot;strong, persistent cross identification&amp;quot; goes beyond wanting to wear high heals.  It deals with sex, either a man wants to have a baby, or woman feels she can impregnate someone, or there is a desire to have sex with members of ones own sex.  Would that be fair characterization?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:37, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
No, I don't think it would be.  If a man wishes he could get pregnant, it doesn't follow that it's because he wants to have sex with another man.  If it was about sex with another man, why would pregnancy come into it?  It's more likely a desire for motherhood (see 2nd para under '''Diagnostic Features''').  It is beyond wanting to wear high heels, but that doesn't make it about sex.  It's about (assuming we're talking about a man) wanting to live as a woman, with everything that encompasses.  High heels, makeup, etc., are symbols of womanhood.   [[User:Murray|Murray]] 15:46, 1 May 2007 (EDT)  Adds: There may be a desire to have sex with someone of the same gender but that's peripheral to the definition of GID. And it's more about wanting oneself to be the opposite gender, and therefore be having sex with someone of the opposite gender, if you know what i mean. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 15:49, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:So homosexuality enters into the equation.  And by definition, this diagnosis could not apply to anyone ''other than'' homosexuals.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:53, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Then how is it that the symptoms usually fade as childhood goes on, and that 25% are heterosexual by late adolescence?  The diagnosis still has nothing to do with whether a person wants to have same-sex sex.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 16:02, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Sorry I missed that stat. It does say men outnumber women who seek sex change operation by a 3/1 ratio.  This is an interesting stat, given that nature provides roughly a 50/50 ratio of births, men to women.  You'd think, since nature screwed up, the ratios would be somewhat more equal.  How do we explain this disequilibria?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:24, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::There are any number of diseases/disorders which effect one sex more than the other.  Nothing particularly unusual about that.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 16:33, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::That's true.  Prostate cancer is extremely rare among women.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:42, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
It should also be pointed out that individuals diagnosed with gender identity disorder typically also present some form of mental stress because of the identity crisis and subsequent conflict.  Many who are homosexual but not diagnosed with the geder identity disorder do not exhibit stress due to their sexual orientation per se, but because of the reactions they observe from others. -Prof0705&lt;br /&gt;
:I get it, others are making them sick.  Their victim status leads to an illness, or is it the other way around, their illness leads to a victim status not enshrined in law yet?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:49, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Nature screwed up?  I don't necessarily agree with that but I'm glad to see you accepting that homosexuality is biologically determined.  Regarding the gender distribution of GID, a reasonable hypothesis is that something about prenatal brain development (eg, hormone levels) was different.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 19:31, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Actually no.  I didn't express a personal opinion.  I am reciting the theory of science behind both gay gene theory and this diagnosis.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:23, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== This article is currently of poor quality. It is mighty thin on citations.   ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article is currently of poor quality.  It is mighty thin on citations. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 19:34, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Are there any other groups besides APA that reject Reparative therapy?  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What other groups besides the APA reject Reparative therapy? [[User:Danbarker|Danbarker]] 22:00, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Off the top of my head, the other APA (American Psychiatric Assoc) and the American Medical Association. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:04, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:And after a quick search, the American Counseling Association, National Association of Social Workers, American Academy of Pediatrics, National Association of School Psychologists, American Association of School Administrators, National Education Association, and American Federation of Teachers. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:06, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I think we've covered this ground.  These groups all follow the lead taken by the American Psychiatric Assoc.  None of them go contrary.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:16, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Pardon me for answering the question.  The American Psychological Association came first, actually, 1990 vs 1998. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:20, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::That's not the issue.  The issue is over what the diagnosis of the illness is.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:38, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Umm, ''What'' &amp;quot;illness&amp;quot;? [[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:40, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Netherlands&amp;diff=139187</id>
		<title>Netherlands</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Netherlands&amp;diff=139187"/>
		<updated>2007-05-01T22:41:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Netherlands_map.gif|right]]&lt;br /&gt;
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The '''Netherlands''' is a country in [[Europe]]. It is bordered by [[Belgium]] and [[Germany]], and has a total population of approximately 16 million (2007). The country is often referred to as &amp;quot;Holland&amp;quot;, but this incorrect, as Holland is actually just one region of the Netherlands.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As its name implies, it is a very low-lying country. About a quarter of the land area, containing more than half of the population, is actually below sea level, and would flood if the sea were not held back by a system of dikes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A major breach of the dikes occurred in 1953, killing 1800 people.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Amsterdam]], named for the Amstel river, is the largest city, and officially the capital (although the seat of government is actually in The Hague). It is ringed by an extensive system of concentric canals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eindhoven]] is the location of the giant electronics corporation, Philips (full name: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.), with annual revenue equivalent to about $40 billion. (The U.S. corporation [[General Electric]] has revenues of about $150 billion, but much of it is from non-electronics businesses).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Netherlands has long been famous for its production of flowers, and also for a related economic event, the &amp;quot;tulip mania&amp;quot; of 1636-1637. A classic example of a &amp;quot;bubble,&amp;quot; [[tulip]]s were traded on stock exchanges, and bid up to fantastic prices by people who understood that the prices were crazy but hoped to sell at a profit to even crazier investors. As with all bubbles, when bidding began to lag, people tried to sell and the bubble burst.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Netherlands is also famous for its low-crime rate and [[liberal]] legislation. Examples are organized prostitution in designated areas of major cities, such as Amsterdam's Red Light District, the legal [[soft drugs]] sold in the country's many coffee shops, wide [[abortion]] rights, [[same-sex marriage]]s and [[euthanasia]]. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Queen's Day==&lt;br /&gt;
April 30th is known as Queen's day - the national  holiday to mark the official birthday of the monarch.  This is the one day of the year when ordinary Netherlanders are permitted to sell goods on the streets without a licence.  Consequently the whole country is turned into a gigantic flea market (garage sale).  The primary effect of this is that people buy goods they do not want or need, solely in order to sell them the following year.  In an act of patriotism most of the populace wear orange colored clothing (the national color) to identify with the Royal House Of Orange.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Those not involved with selling their surplus belongings celebrate the national pastime of cycling, and participate in the national ''Fiesten op dijken '' tour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:European Countries]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:NATO members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:EU Members]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Netherlands&amp;diff=139185</id>
		<title>Netherlands</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Netherlands&amp;diff=139185"/>
		<updated>2007-05-01T22:40:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Netherlands_map.gif|right]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Netherlands''' is a country in [[Europe]]. It is bordered by [[Belgium]] and [[Germany]], and has a total population of approximately 16 million (2007). The country is often referred to as &amp;quot;Holland&amp;quot;, but this incorrect, as Holland is actually just one region of the Netherlands.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As its name implies, it is a very low-lying country. About a quarter of the land area, containing more than half of the population, is actually below sea level, and would flood if the sea were not held back by a system of dikes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A major breach of the dikes occurred in 1953, killing 1800 people.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Amsterdam]], named for the Amstel river, is the largest city, and officially the capital (although the seat of government is actually in The Hague). It is ringed by an extensive system of concentric canals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eindhoven]] is the location of the giant electronics corporation, Philips (full name: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.), with annual revenue equivalent to about $40 billion. (The U.S. corporation [[General Electric]] has revenues of about $150 billion, but much of it is from non-electronics businesses).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Netherlands has long been famous for its production of flowers, and also for a related economic event, the &amp;quot;tulip mania&amp;quot; of 1636-1637. A classic example of a &amp;quot;bubble,&amp;quot; [[tulip]]s were traded on stock exchanges, and bid up to fantastic prices by people who understood that the prices were crazy but hoped to sell at a profit to even crazier investors. As with all bubbles, when bidding began to lag, people tried to sell and the bubble burst.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Netherlands is also famous for its low-crime rate and [[liberal]] legislation. Examples are organized prostitution in designated areas of major cities, such as Amsterdam's Red Light District, the legal [[soft drugs]] sold in the country's many coffee shops, wide [[abortion]] rights, [[same-sex marriage]]s and [[euthanasia]]. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Queen's Day==&lt;br /&gt;
April 30th is known as Queens's day - the national  holiday to mark the official birthday of the monarch.  This is the one day of the year when ordinary Netherlanders are permitted to sell goods on the streets without a licence.  Consequently the whole country is turned into a gigantic flea market (garage sale).  The primary effect of this is that people buy goods they do not want or need, solely in order to sell them the following year.  In an act of patriotism most of the populace wear orange colored clothing (the national color) to identify with the Royal House Of Orange.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Those not involved with selling their surplus belongings celebrate the national pastime of cycling, and participate in the national ''Fiesten op dijken '' tour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:European Countries]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:NATO members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:EU Members]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Netherlands&amp;diff=139184</id>
		<title>Netherlands</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Netherlands&amp;diff=139184"/>
		<updated>2007-05-01T22:39:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Netherlands_map.gif|right]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Netherlands''' is a country in [[Europe]]. It is bordered by [[Belgium]] and [[Germany]], and has a total population of approximately 16 million (2007). The country is often referred to as &amp;quot;Holland&amp;quot;, but this incorrect, as Holland is actually just one region of the Netherlands.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As its name implies, it is a very low-lying country. About a quarter of the land area, containing more than half of the population, is actually below sea level, and would flood if the sea were not held back by a system of dikes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A major breach of the dikes occurred in 1953, killing 1800 people.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Amsterdam]], named for the Amstel river, is the largest city, and officially the capital (although the seat of government is actually in The Hague). It is ringed by an extensive system of concentric canals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eindhoven]] is the location of the giant electronics corporation, Philips (full name: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.), with annual revenue equivalent to about $40 billion. (The U.S. corporation [[General Electric]] has revenues of about $150 billion, but much of it is from non-electronics businesses).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Netherlands has long been famous for its production of flowers, and also for a related economic event, the &amp;quot;tulip mania&amp;quot; of 1636-1637. A classic example of a &amp;quot;bubble,&amp;quot; [[tulip]]s were traded on stock exchanges, and bid up to fantastic prices by people who understood that the prices were crazy but hoped to sell at a profit to even crazier investors. As with all bubbles, when bidding began to lag, people tried to sell and the bubble burst.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Netherlands is also famous for its low-crime rate and [[liberal]] legislation. Examples are organized prostitution in designated areas of major cities, such as Amsterdam's Red Light District, the legal [[soft drugs]] sold in the country's many coffee shops, wide [[abortion]] rights, [[same-sex marriage]]s and [[euthanasia]]. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Queen's Day==&lt;br /&gt;
April 30th is known as Queen's day - the national holiday to mark the official birthday of the monarch.  This is the one day of the year when ordinary Netherlanders are permitted to sell goods on the streets without a licence.  Consequently the whole country is turned into a gigantic flea market (garage sale).  The primary effect of this is that people buy goods they do not want or need, solely in order to sell them the following year.  In an act of patriotism most of the populace wear orange colored clothing (the national color) to identify with the Royal House Of Orange.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Those not involved with selling their surplus belongings celebrate the national pastime of cycling, and participate in the national ''Fiesten op dijken '' tour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:European Countries]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:NATO members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:EU Members]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Cheese&amp;diff=139172</id>
		<title>Cheese</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Cheese&amp;diff=139172"/>
		<updated>2007-05-01T22:30:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Cheese in Culture */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Cheese.jpg|thumb|180px|Blue Stilton, a fine traditional English cheese.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Cheese''' is a solidified dairy product. Cheese making starts with the solidification of milk proteins, usually by the addition of [[rennet]] (a mixture of [[enzyme]]s) or an edible acid, which produces [[curds]]. For most types of cheese the [[curds]] is separated from the liquid, the [[whey]], and then [[aging|aged]], sometimes for many years. Salt is also often an ingredient in cheese recipes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Sources Used to Make Cheese==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most cheese is  made from [[cow]]'s [[milk]], although technically, any large [[mammal]]'s milk can be used.  Some common sources of milk for making cheese other than cows include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Goat]] milk (e.g. Feta)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sheep]] milk (e.g. Roquefort)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Yak]] milk.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Buffalo]] milk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Cheese History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[France]] is especially renowned as a cheese producer, and their president [[Charles de Gaulle]] famously said : &amp;quot;How can a country with 300 different kinds of cheese agree on anything?&amp;quot;. However, many French cheeses are made from unpasteurised milk and their transport across international borders is therefore forbidden for health reasons. Certain French cheeses (such as Epoisses) are so smelly that their carriage even on French [[public transport]] is also banned.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is most likely that the invention of cheesemaking was a way of preserving excess milk for leaner times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Varieties==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are literally thousands of varieties of cheese made in the world today. The best selection with more than thousand varieties is offered in the Kaufhaus des Westen, Berlin, Germany [http://www.kadewe-berlin.de/kaese_engl.php]. Some well known varieties are:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Hard cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*Cheddar (A hard red or white cheese, originally from the [[England|English]] West country, but also now made worldwide in countries including [[Ireland]], [[Canada]], [[New Zealand]], and [[Scotland]])&lt;br /&gt;
*Parmesan ([[Italy|Italian]] very hard cheese.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Romano (Another Italian hard cheese)&lt;br /&gt;
*Gouda ([[Netherlands|Dutch]] cheese, with a yellow wax rind.)   &lt;br /&gt;
*Monterey Jack ([[America]]n.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Mozzarella (A very soft hard cheese from Italy, traditionally made with buffalo's milk.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Emmenthal (A [[Switzerland|Swiss]] cheese, characterised by large holes.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Cheshire (A hard red or white cheese, more crumbly than Cheddar with a salty taste. Made in Cheshire or North Shropshire.  Mrs Appleby's Cheshire has won international renown.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Blue cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*Blue Stilton (English crumbly blue cheese, a non-blue variety also exists.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Roquefort (The [[France|French]] king of blue cheeses, made from sheep's milk in a cave.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Cheshire Blue (Mild blue cheese with a salty flavour)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Soft cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*Feta (Soft and crumbly [[Greece|Greek]] goat's milk cheese)&lt;br /&gt;
*Brie (a French soft cheese, not particularly smelly.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Camembert (a French soft cheese, fairly smelly.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Muenster (a French soft cheese)&lt;br /&gt;
*Cottage cheese (a very runny soft curd cheese).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Synthetic cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*American (a very mild [[ersatz]] cheddar, processed for a smooth texture, and often delivered by unusual methods, such as in cans, as strings, or as a spray.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Non-cheese cheeses==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Head cheese, known as brawn in the UK and by other names in other parts of the world, is made from meat taken from the head of an animal - pigs, calves and cows are used - that might otherwise remain uneaten for aesthetic reasons. It sometimes includes meat from other normally unappetising areas such as the feet or organs. The meat is chopped or shredded and set in [[gelatine]]. It is usually eaten cold or at room temperature as a luncheon meat. In the southern states of the US this is sometimes also known as sousemeat and pickled in vinegar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lemon]] cheese is another name for lemon curd in the UK. Fruit cheeses are sometimes made with other citrus fruit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Cheese in Culture==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In [[England]], the traditional sport of [[cheese-rolling]] remains locally popular. [http://www.cheese-rolling.co.uk/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James McIntyre]], a [[Canadian]] poet, was fond of writing [[poems]] and [[ode]]s to cheese. This is not because he thought the subject was funny, or ironic. Rather, McIntyre saw cheese production in [[Canada]] as a [[symbol]] of the strong growth in the Canadian [[economy]]. Many people today find his works quite humorous, but McIntyre's &amp;quot;[[Ode on the Mammoth Cheese]]&amp;quot; is considered by most poetry [[scholars]] not only his best work, but his ultimate achievement. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The original family name of comedian [[John Cleese]] was Cheese, but was changed to Cleese by his father.  Cleese is famous, of course, for playing the frustrated customer in the Cheese Shop sketch on the ''[[Monty Python|Monty Python's Flying Circus]]'' television show.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cheese is considered by some as a palliative for various internal diseases.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Dairy products]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Cheese&amp;diff=139144</id>
		<title>Cheese</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Cheese&amp;diff=139144"/>
		<updated>2007-05-01T22:20:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Hard cheeses */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Cheese.jpg|thumb|180px|Blue Stilton, a fine traditional English cheese.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Cheese''' is a solidified dairy product. Cheese making starts with the solidification of milk proteins, usually by the addition of [[rennet]] (a mixture of [[enzyme]]s) or an edible acid, which produces [[curds]]. For most types of cheese the [[curds]] is separated from the liquid, the [[whey]], and then [[aging|aged]], sometimes for many years. Salt is also often an ingredient in cheese recipes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Sources Used to Make Cheese==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most cheese is  made from [[cow]]'s [[milk]], although technically, any large [[mammal]]'s milk can be used.  Some common sources of milk for making cheese other than cows include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Goat]] milk (e.g. Feta)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sheep]] milk (e.g. Roquefort)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Yak]] milk.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Buffalo]] milk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Cheese History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[France]] is especially renowned as a cheese producer, and their president [[Charles de Gaulle]] famously said : &amp;quot;How can a country with 300 different kinds of cheese agree on anything?&amp;quot;. However, many French cheeses are made from unpasteurised milk and their transport across international borders is therefore forbidden for health reasons. Certain French cheeses (such as Epoisses) are so smelly that their carriage even on French [[public transport]] is also banned.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is most likely that the invention of cheesemaking was a way of preserving excess milk for leaner times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Varieties==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are literally thousands of varieties of cheese made in the world today. The best selection with more than thousand varieties is offered in the Kaufhaus des Westen, Berlin, Germany [http://www.kadewe-berlin.de/kaese_engl.php]. Some well known varieties are:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Hard cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*Cheddar (A hard red or white cheese, originally from the [[England|English]] West country, but also now made worldwide in countries including [[Ireland]], [[Canada]], [[New Zealand]], and [[Scotland]])&lt;br /&gt;
*Parmesan ([[Italy|Italian]] very hard cheese.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Romano (Another Italian hard cheese)&lt;br /&gt;
*Gouda ([[Netherlands|Dutch]] cheese, with a yellow wax rind.)   &lt;br /&gt;
*Monterey Jack ([[America]]n.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Mozzarella (A very soft hard cheese from Italy, traditionally made with buffalo's milk.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Emmenthal (A [[Switzerland|Swiss]] cheese, characterised by large holes.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Cheshire (A hard red or white cheese, more crumbly than Cheddar with a salty taste. Made in Cheshire or North Shropshire.  Mrs Appleby's Cheshire has won international renown.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Blue cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*Blue Stilton (English crumbly blue cheese, a non-blue variety also exists.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Roquefort (The [[France|French]] king of blue cheeses, made from sheep's milk in a cave.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Cheshire Blue (Mild blue cheese with a salty flavour)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Soft cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*Feta (Soft and crumbly [[Greece|Greek]] goat's milk cheese)&lt;br /&gt;
*Brie (a French soft cheese, not particularly smelly.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Camembert (a French soft cheese, fairly smelly.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Muenster (a French soft cheese)&lt;br /&gt;
*Cottage cheese (a very runny soft curd cheese).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Synthetic cheeses===&lt;br /&gt;
*American (a very mild [[ersatz]] cheddar, processed for a smooth texture, and often delivered by unusual methods, such as in cans, as strings, or as a spray.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Non-cheese cheeses==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Head cheese, known as brawn in the UK and by other names in other parts of the world, is made from meat taken from the head of an animal - pigs, calves and cows are used - that might otherwise remain uneaten for aesthetic reasons. It sometimes includes meat from other normally unappetising areas such as the feet or organs. The meat is chopped or shredded and set in [[gelatine]]. It is usually eaten cold or at room temperature as a luncheon meat. In the southern states of the US this is sometimes also known as sousemeat and pickled in vinegar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lemon]] cheese is another name for lemon curd in the UK. Fruit cheeses are sometimes made with other citrus fruit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Cheese in Culture==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In [[England]], the traditional sport of [[cheese-rolling]] remains locally popular. [http://www.cheese-rolling.co.uk/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James McIntyre]], a [[Canadian]] poet, was fond of writing [[poems]] and [[ode]]s to cheese. This is not because he thought the subject was funny, or ironic. Rather, McIntyre saw cheese production in [[Canada]] as a [[symbol]] of the strong growth in the Canadian [[economy]]. Many people today find his works quite humorous, but McIntyre's &amp;quot;[[Ode on the Mammoth Cheese]]&amp;quot; is considered by most poetry [[scholars]] not only his best work, but his ultimate achievement. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The original family name of comedian [[John Cleese]] was Cheese, but was changed to Cleese by his father.  Cleese is famous, of course, for playing the frustrated customer in the Cheese Shop sketch on the ''[[Monty Python's Flying Circus]]'' television show.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cheese is considered by some as a palliative for various internal diseases.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Dairy products]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Imperialism&amp;diff=139027</id>
		<title>Talk:Imperialism</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Imperialism&amp;diff=139027"/>
		<updated>2007-05-01T21:11:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Why does this article only speak of Europe?  This implies that only Europe was imperialistic. Shouldnt it mention islamic imperialism?[[User:Bohdan|Bohdan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:One might guess that the article deals with nation-states not the predominate religion of the colonizers, which, yes, just happened to be Christianity.-_-[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:11, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136374</id>
		<title>Talk:Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136374"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:35:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The article says: &amp;quot;He received AB in theology.&amp;quot; Is this supposed to say &amp;quot;a BA in theology&amp;quot;? [[User:DanH|DanH]] 01:51, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Either is correct but as it is generally used in the US I've changed it to BA. _-_[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 02:35, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136373</id>
		<title>Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136373"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:34:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Aaron burr.jpg|right|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Aaron Burr''' (1756 - 1836) was born in Neubik, New Jersey to Reverend Aaron Burr Sr. who was a Presbyterian minister and the second President of the College of New Jersey which is now Princeton University.  His mother, Esther Edwards, was the daughter of Johnathon Edwards, the famous Calvinist theologian. Aaron and his sister, Sally, were left orphans when Aaron was 2 years old and Sally was 4 years old, following the deaths of their parents and both maternal grandparents who died of Yellow Fever.  Aaron did not respond well to his austere uncle, Timothy Edwards, several times running away from home and attempting to go to sea.  Aaron applied for admission into Princeton University at age 11, but was rejected (PBS online).  He applied again and entered the Sophomore class at Princeton at the age of 13 and graduated with distinction at 16 in 1772.  He received BA in theology but changed his career path two years later and began study of law in the celebrated law school conducted by his brother-in-law, Tapping Reeve, at Litchfield, Conn. Aaron's studies were put on hold while he served during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Benedict Arnold, George Washington and Israel Putnam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Burr served as the [[vice president]] of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from 1801 to 1805. In the election, Burr received the same number of votes as did Jefferson. It was due to [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s opposition that Jefferson became president and Burr vice-president. Later on, he lost the 1804 election for Governor of New York again due to Hamilton.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Fandex]], Workman Publishing, 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Although still quite common, dueling had been outlawed in New York and also New Jersey, but Hamilton and Burr were not citizens of New Jersey, so on July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside of [[Weehawken]], [[New Jersey]], and Hamilton was fatally shot. There has been some controversy as to the claims of Burr's and Hamilton's seconds; while one party indicated Hamilton never fired, the other claims a 3 to 4 second interval between the first shot and the second shot.  (http://www.thedailystar.com/opinion/columns/2004/07/10/ham.html) Hamilton's shot missed Burr, but Burr's shot was fatal.  The bullet entered Hamilton's abdomen above his right hip, piercing Hamilton's liver and spine.  Burr was later charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction.  He fled to South Carolina, where his daughter lived with her family, but soon returned to Washington to complete his term as Vice President.  As leader of the Senate he presided over the impeachment (trial) of Samuel Chase.  It was written by one Senator that Burr had Conducted the proceedings with the &amp;quot;impartiality of an angel and the rigor of a devil&amp;quot;  Burr's heartfelt farewell in March 1805 moved some of his harshest critics in the Senate to tears. (Milton Lomask's two-volume biography, &amp;quot;Burr&amp;quot; 1979, Farrar, Straus, Giroux). Burr later attempted to steal the [[Louisiana Purchase]] from the United States and use it to satisfy his ambitions for power. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Aaron Burr, former vice-president and senator from New York (and a failed candidate for the New York governorship), was plotting to take over the Louisiana Territory. While the exact details of Burr's vision have long been a matter of historical debate, the gist is that he envisioned a separate country, with New Orleans as capital and himself as impresario. With a few important backers, from [[Andrew Jackson]] to the Catholic bishop of New Orleans and chief of America's armed forces General [[James Wilkinson]].&amp;quot; [http://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Gun-Men-West-Almost-Lost/dp/0517702126 (Publishers Weekly)]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was eventually tried for treason, but the jury acquitted him of all charges. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Burr conspiracy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bibliography==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost'' by M.R. Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States|Burr, Aaron]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136372</id>
		<title>Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136372"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:29:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Aaron burr.jpg|right|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Aaron Burr''' (1756 - 1836) was born in Neubik, New Jersey to Reverend Aaron Burr Sr. who was a Presbyterian minister and the second President of the College of New Jersey which is now Princeton University.  His mother, Esther Edwards, was the daughter of Johnathon Edwards, the famous Calvinist theologian. Aaron and his sister, Sally, were left orphans when Aaron was 2 years old and Sally was 4 years old, following the deaths of their parents and both maternal grandparents who died of Yellow Fever.  Aaron did not respond well to his austere uncle, Timothy Edwards, several times running away from home and attempting to go to sea.  Aaron applied for admission into Princeton University at age 11, but was rejected (PBS online).  He applied again and entered the Sophomore class at Princeton at the age of 13 and graduated with distinction at 16 in 1772.  He received AB in theology but changed his career path two years later and began study of law in the celebrated law school conducted by his brother-in-law, Tapping Reeve, at Litchfield, Conn. Aaron's studies were put on hold while he served during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Benedict Arnold, George Washington and Israel Putnam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Burr served as the [[vice president]] of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from 1801 to 1805. In the election, Burr received the same number of votes as did Jefferson. It was due to [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s opposition that Jefferson became president and Burr vice-president. Later on, he lost the 1804 election for Governor of New York again due to Hamilton.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Fandex]], Workman Publishing, 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Although still quite common, dueling had been outlawed in New York and also New Jersey, but Hamilton and Burr were not citizens of New Jersey, so on July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside of [[Weehawken]], [[New Jersey]], and Hamilton was fatally shot. There has been some controversy as to the claims of Burr's and Hamilton's seconds; while one party indicated Hamilton never fired, the other claims a 3 to 4 second interval between the first shot and the second shot.  (http://www.thedailystar.com/opinion/columns/2004/07/10/ham.html) Hamilton's shot missed Burr, but Burr's shot was fatal.  The bullet entered Hamilton's abdomen above his right hip, piercing Hamilton's liver and spine.  Burr was later charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction.  He fled to South Carolina, where his daughter lived with her family, but soon returned to Washington to complete his term as Vice President.  As leader of the Senate he presided over the impeachment (trial) of Samuel Chase.  It was written by one Senator that Burr had Conducted the proceedings with the &amp;quot;impartiality of an angel and the rigor of a devil&amp;quot;  Burr's heartfelt farewell in March 1805 moved some of his harshest critics in the Senate to tears. (Milton Lomask's two-volume biography, &amp;quot;Burr&amp;quot; 1979, Farrar, Straus, Giroux). Burr later attempted to steal the [[Louisiana Purchase]] from the United States and use it to satisfy his ambitions for power. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Aaron Burr, former vice-president and senator from New York (and a failed candidate for the New York governorship), was plotting to take over the Louisiana Territory. While the exact details of Burr's vision have long been a matter of historical debate, the gist is that he envisioned a separate country, with New Orleans as capital and himself as impresario. With a few important backers, from [[Andrew Jackson]] to the Catholic bishop of New Orleans and chief of America's armed forces General [[James Wilkinson]].&amp;quot; [http://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Gun-Men-West-Almost-Lost/dp/0517702126 (Publishers Weekly)]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was eventually tried for treason, but the jury acquitted him of all charges. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Burr conspiracy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bibliography==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost'' by M.R. Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States|Burr, Aaron]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136371</id>
		<title>Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136371"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:28:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Aaron burr.jpg|right|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Aaron Burr''' (1756 - 1836) was born in Neubik, New Jersey to Reverend Aaron Burr Sr. who was a Presbyterian minister and the second President of the College of New Jersey which is now Princeton University.  His mother, Esther Edwards, was the daughter of Johnathon Edwards, the famous Calvinist theologian. Aaron and his sister, Sally, were left orphans when Aaron was 2 years old and Sally was 4 years old, following the deaths of their parents and both maternal grandparents who died of Yellow Fever.  Aaron did not respond well to his austere uncle, Timothy Edwards, several times running away from home and attempting to go to sea.  Aaron applied for admission into Princeton University at age 11, but was rejected (PBS online).  He applied again and entered the Sophomore class at Princeton at the age of 13 and graduated with distinction at 16 in 1772.  He received AB in theology but changed his career path two years later and began study of law in the celebrated law school conducted by his brother-in-law, Tapping Reeve, at Litchfield, Conn. Aaron's studies were put on hold while he served during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Benedict Arnold, George Washington and Israel Putnam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Burr served as the [[vice president]] of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from 1801 to 1805. In the election, Burr received the same number of votes as did Jefferson. It was due to [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s opposition that Jefferson became president and Burr vice-president. Later on, he lost the 1804 election for Governor of New York again due to Hamilton.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [[Fandex]], Workman Publishing, 2002.  &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Although still quite common, dueling had been outlawed in New York and also New Jersey, but Hamilton and Burr were not citizens of New Jersey, so on July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside of [[Weehawken, New Jersey]], and Hamilton was fatally shot. There has been some controversy as to the claims of Burr's and Hamilton's seconds; while one party indicated Hamilton never fired, the other claims a 3 to 4 second interval between the first shot and the second shot.  (http://www.thedailystar.com/opinion/columns/2004/07/10/ham.html) Hamilton's shot missed Burr, but Burr's shot was fatal.  The bullet entered Hamilton's abdomen above his right hip, piercing Hamilton's liver and spine.  Burr was later charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction.  He fled to South Carolina, where his daughter lived with her family, but soon returned to Washington to complete his term as Vice President.  As leader of the Senate he presided over the impeachment (trial) of Samuel Chase.  It was written by one Senator that Burr had Conducted the proceedings with the &amp;quot;impartiality of an angel and the rigor of a devil&amp;quot;  Burr's heartfelt farewell in March 1805 moved some of his harshest critics in the Senate to tears. (Milton Lomask's two-volume biography, &amp;quot;Burr&amp;quot; 1979, Farrar, Straus, Giroux). Burr later attempted to steal the [[Louisiana Purchase]] from the United States and use it to satisfy his ambitions for power. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Aaron Burr, former vice-president and senator from New York (and a failed candidate for the New York governorship), was plotting to take over the Louisiana Territory. While the exact details of Burr's vision have long been a matter of historical debate, the gist is that he envisioned a separate country, with New Orleans as capital and himself as impresario. With a few important backers, from [[Andrew Jackson]] to the Catholic bishop of New Orleans and chief of America's armed forces General [[James Wilkinson]].&amp;quot; [http://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Gun-Men-West-Almost-Lost/dp/0517702126 (Publishers Weekly)]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was eventually tried for treason, but the jury acquitted him of all charges. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Burr conspiracy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bibliography==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost'' by M.R. Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States|Burr, Aaron]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136367</id>
		<title>Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136367"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:24:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Aaron burr.jpg|right|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Aaron Burr''' (1756 - 1836) was born in Neubik, New Jersey to Reverend Aaron Burr Sr. who was a Presbyterian minister and the second President of the College of New Jersey which is now Princeton University.  His mother, Esther Edwards, was the daughter of Johnathon Edwards, the famous Calvinist theologian. Aaron and his sister, Sally, were left orphans when Aaron was 2 years old and Sally was 4 years old, following the deaths of their parents and both maternal grandparents who died of Yellow Fever.  Aaron did not respond well to his austere uncle, Timothy Edwards, several times running away from home and attempting to go to sea.  Aaron applied for admission into Princeton University at age 11, but was rejected (PBS online).  He applied again and entered the Sophomore class at Princeton at the age of 13 and graduated with distinction at 16 in 1772.  He received AB in theology but changed his career path two years later and began study of law in the celebrated law school conducted by his brother-in-law, Tapping Reeve, at Litchfield, Conn. Aaron's studies were put on hold while he served during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Benedict Arnold, George Washington and Israel Putnam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Burr served as the [[vice president]] of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from 1801 to 1805. In the election, Burr received the same number of votes as did Jefferson. It was due to [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s opposition that Jefferson became president and Burr vice-president. Later on, he lost the 1804 election for Governor of New York again due to Hamilton.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [[Fandex]], Workman Publishing, 2002.  &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Although still quite common, dueling had been outlawed in New York and also New Jersey, but Hamilton and Burr were not citizens of New Jersey, so on July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside of [[Weehawken, New Jersey]], and Hamilton was fatally shot. There has been some controversy as to the claims of Burr's and Hamilton's seconds; while one party indicated Hamilton never fired, the other claims a 3 to 4 second interval between the first shot and the second shot.  (http://www.thedailystar.com/opinion/columns/2004/07/10/ham.html) Hamilton's shot missed Burr, but Burr's shot was fatal.  The bullet entered Hamilton's abdomen above his right hip, piercing Hamilton's liver and spine.  Burr was later charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction.  He fled to South Carolina, where his daughter lived with her family, but soon returned to Washington to complete his term as Vice President.  As leader of the Senate he presided over the impeachment(trial) of Samuel Chase.  It was written by one Senator that Burr had Conducted the proceedings with the &amp;quot;impartiality of an angel and the rigor of a devil&amp;quot;  Burrs heartfelt farewell in March 1805 moved some of his harshest critics in the Senate to tears. (Milton Lomask's two-volume biography, &amp;quot;Burr&amp;quot; 1979, Farrar, Straus, Giroux).Burr later attempted to steal the [[Louisiana Purchase]] from the United States and use it to satisfy his ambitions for power. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Aaron Burr, former vice-president and senator from New York (and a failed candidate for the New York governorship), was plotting to take over the Louisiana Territory. While the exact details of Burr's vision have long been a matter of historical debate, the gist is that he envisioned a separate country, with New Orleans as capital and himself as impresario. With a few important backers, from [[Andrew Jackson]] to the Catholic bishop of New Orleans and chief of America's armed forces General [[James Wilkinson]].&amp;quot; [http://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Gun-Men-West-Almost-Lost/dp/0517702126 (Publishers Weekly)] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was eventually tried for treason, but the jury acquitted him of all charges. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Burr conspiracy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bibliography==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost'' by M.R. Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States|Burr, Aaron]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136365</id>
		<title>Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136365"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:21:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Aaron burr.jpg|right|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Aaron Burr''' (1756 - 1836) was born in Neubik, New Jersey to Reverend Aaron Burr Sr. who was a Presbyterian minister and the second President of the College of New Jersey which is now Princeton University.  His mother, Esther Edwards, was the daughter of Johnathon Edwards, the famous Calvinist theologian. Aaron and his sister, Sally, were left orphans when Aaron was 2 years old and Sally was 4 years old, following the deaths of their parents and both maternal grandparents who died of Yellow Fever.  Aaron did not respond well to his austere uncle, Timothy Edwards, several times running away from home and attempting to go to sea.  Aaron applied for admission into Princeton University at age 11, but was rejected (PBS online).  He applied again and entered the Sophomore class at Princeton at the age of 13 and graduated with distinction at 16 in 1772.  He received AB in theology but changed his career path two years later and began study of law in the celebrated law school conducted by his brother-in-law, Tapping Reeve, at Litchfield, Conn. Aaron's studies were put on hold while he served during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Benedict Arnold, George Washington and Israel Putnam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Burr served as the [[vice president]] of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from 1801 to 1805. In the election, Burr received the same number of votes as did Jefferson. It was due to [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s opposition that Jefferson became president and Burr vice-president. Later on ,he lost the 1804 election for Governor of New York again due to Hamilton.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [[Fandex]], Workman Publishing, 2002.  &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Although still quite common, dueling had been outlawed in New York and also New Jersey, but Hamilton and Burr were not citizens of New Jersey, so on July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside of [[Weehawken, New Jersey]], and Hamilton was fatally shot. There has been some controversy as to the claims of Burr's and Hamilton's seconds; while one party indicated Hamilton never fired, the other claims a 3 to 4 second interval between the first shot and the second shot.  (http://www.thedailystar.com/opinion/columns/2004/07/10/ham.html) Hamilton's shot missed Burr, but Burr's shot was fatal.  The bullet entered Hamilton's abdomen above his right hip, piercing Hamilton's liver and spine.  Burr was later charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction.  He fled to South Carolina, where his daughter lived with her family, but soon returned to Washington to complete his term as Vice President.  As leader of the Senate he presided over the impeachment(trial) of Samuel Chase.  It was written by one Senator that Burr had Conducted the proceedings with the &amp;quot;impartiality of an angel and the rigor of a devil&amp;quot;  Burrs heartfelt farewell in March 1805 moved some of his harshest critics in the Senate to tears. (Milton Lomask's two-volume biography, &amp;quot;Burr&amp;quot; 1979, Farrar, Straus, Giroux).Burr later attempted to steal the [[Louisiana Purchase]] from the United States and use it to satisfy his ambitions for power. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Aaron Burr, former vice-president and senator from New York (and a failed candidate for the New York governorship), was plotting to take over the Louisiana Territory. While the exact details of Burr's vision have long been a matter of historical debate, the gist is that he envisioned a separate country, with New Orleans as capital and himself as impresario. With a few important backers, from [[Andrew Jackson]] to the Catholic bishop of New Orleans and chief of America's armed forces General [[James Wilkinson]].&amp;quot; [http://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Gun-Men-West-Almost-Lost/dp/0517702126 (Publishers Weekly)] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was eventually tried for treason, but the jury acquitted him of all charges. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Burr conspiracy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bibliography==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost'' by M.R. Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States|Burr, Aaron]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136364</id>
		<title>Aaron Burr</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Aaron_Burr&amp;diff=136364"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T06:21:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Aaron burr.jpg|right|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Aaron Burr''' (1756 - 1836) was born in Neubik, New Jersey to Reverend Aaron Burr Sr. who was a Presbyterian minister and the second President of the College of New Jersey which is now Princeton University.  His mother, Esther Edwards, was the daughter of Johnathon Edwards, the famous Calvinist theologian. Aaron and his sister, Sally, were left orphans when Aaron was 2 years old and Sally was 4 years old, following the deaths of their parents and both maternal grandparents who died of Yellow Fever.  Aaron did not respond well to his austere uncle, Timothy Edwards, several times running away from home and attempting to go to sea.  Aaron applied for admission into Princeton University at age 11, but was rejected(PBS online).  He applied again and entered the Sophomore class at Princeton at the age of 13 and graduated with distinction at 16 in 1772.  He received AB in theology but changed his career path two years later and began study of law in the celebrated law school conducted by his brother-in-law, Tapping Reeve, at Litchfield, Conn. Aaron's studies were put on hold while he served during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Benedict Arnold, George Washington and Israel Putnam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Burr served as the [[vice president]] of [[Thomas Jefferson]] from 1801 to 1805. In the election, Burr received the same number of votes as did Jefferson. It was due to [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s opposition that Jefferson became president and Burr vice-president. Later on ,he lost the 1804 election for Governor of New York again due to Hamilton.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [[Fandex]], Workman Publishing, 2002.  &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Although still quite common, dueling had been outlawed in New York and also New Jersey, but Hamilton and Burr were not citizens of New Jersey, so on July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside of [[Weehawken, New Jersey]], and Hamilton was fatally shot. There has been some controversy as to the claims of Burr's and Hamilton's seconds; while one party indicated Hamilton never fired, the other claims a 3 to 4 second interval between the first shot and the second shot.  (http://www.thedailystar.com/opinion/columns/2004/07/10/ham.html) Hamilton's shot missed Burr, but Burr's shot was fatal.  The bullet entered Hamilton's abdomen above his right hip, piercing Hamilton's liver and spine.  Burr was later charged with multiple crimes, including murder, in New York and New Jersey, but was never tried in either jurisdiction.  He fled to South Carolina, where his daughter lived with her family, but soon returned to Washington to complete his term as Vice President.  As leader of the Senate he presided over the impeachment(trial) of Samuel Chase.  It was written by one Senator that Burr had Conducted the proceedings with the &amp;quot;impartiality of an angel and the rigor of a devil&amp;quot;  Burrs heartfelt farewell in March 1805 moved some of his harshest critics in the Senate to tears. (Milton Lomask's two-volume biography, &amp;quot;Burr&amp;quot; 1979, Farrar, Straus, Giroux).Burr later attempted to steal the [[Louisiana Purchase]] from the United States and use it to satisfy his ambitions for power. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Aaron Burr, former vice-president and senator from New York (and a failed candidate for the New York governorship), was plotting to take over the Louisiana Territory. While the exact details of Burr's vision have long been a matter of historical debate, the gist is that he envisioned a separate country, with New Orleans as capital and himself as impresario. With a few important backers, from [[Andrew Jackson]] to the Catholic bishop of New Orleans and chief of America's armed forces General [[James Wilkinson]].&amp;quot; [http://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Gun-Men-West-Almost-Lost/dp/0517702126 (Publishers Weekly)] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was eventually tried for treason, but the jury acquitted him of all charges. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Burr conspiracy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bibliography==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost'' by M.R. Montgomery&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States|Burr, Aaron]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=American_Civil_War:_1862&amp;diff=136271</id>
		<title>American Civil War: 1862</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=American_Civil_War:_1862&amp;diff=136271"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T04:05:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: copy edits&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
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!colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;color: white; height: 30px; background: navy  no-repeat scroll top left;&amp;quot;|The Civil War&lt;br /&gt;
1861 - 1865&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Begun&lt;br /&gt;
|April 12, 1861&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Ended&lt;br /&gt;
|April 9, 1865&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Casualties&lt;br /&gt;
|970,000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Total dead&lt;br /&gt;
|620,000&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;color: white; height: 30px; background: navy  no-repeat scroll top left;&amp;quot;|United States of America&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|President&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Abraham Lincoln]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Secretary of War&lt;br /&gt;
|Simon Cameron, Edwin M. Stanton&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Secretary of the Navy&lt;br /&gt;
|Gideon Welles&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Secretary of State&lt;br /&gt;
|William Seward&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
!colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;color: white; height: 30px; background: gray  no-repeat scroll top left;&amp;quot;|Confederate States of America&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|President&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Jefferson Davis]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Secretary of War&lt;br /&gt;
|Leroy Pope Walker, Judah P. Benjamin, George W. Randolph, James Seddon, John C. Breckinridge&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Secretary of the Navy&lt;br /&gt;
|Stephan Mallory&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Secretary of State&lt;br /&gt;
|Robert Toombs, Robert M.T. Hunter, Judah P. Benjamin&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
The first year of the Civil War began with green troops on both sides expecting easy victories and a quick end of the war; many young men enlisted with romantic dreams of glory.  1862 had barely begun when those dreams would be forever shattered by the carnage of a fierce battle at a site in Tennessee whose name meant &amp;quot;peace&amp;quot;, and would barely end after the single bloodiest day in American history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The recalcitrant general==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mcclellan.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Major General George B. McClellan, United States Army.]]&lt;br /&gt;
By the time winter fell in 1861, Major General [[George B. McClellan]] had taken a demoralized force around Washington and transformed it into the superbly trained and equipped Army of the Potomac, numbering some 100,000 men.  But by the first week of January 1862, it was becoming clearer that for all of McClellan's acts of creating a superior army, there was little, if any, immediate intent to use the army for what it was created to do.  At a cabinet meeting with several of McClellan's division commanders present (McClellan was ill with possible typhus for much of January), Lincoln hinted that &amp;quot;if General McClellan does not want to use the Army, I would like to borrow it, provided I could see how it could be made to do something.&amp;quot;  In the west, Generals Don Carlos Buell in Kentucky, and Henry Halleck in Missouri also didn't make too many moves; although it was winter, Lincoln still expected them to make some sort of advance against the enemy.  &amp;quot;Delay is ruining us,&amp;quot; he said to them by wire, &amp;quot;and it is indispensable for me to have something definite.&amp;quot; (TL 5, pp. 62-68)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While McClellan was laid up ill, Secretary of War Simon Cameron was on his way out: he had presided over a department involved in corruption and favoritism at the top, and soldiers getting bad uniforms, bad guns, and bad meat at the bottom.  Add to that the fact McClellan was, for all intents and purposes, unwilling to bring the fight to the enemy.  In Cameron's place was a bombastic bundle of energy, Edwin McMasters Stanton, who would have Brigadier General Charles Stone arrested on his first day at work for the debacle at Ball's Bluff, and before January was out he made it clear that the corruption was over with, and McClellan would use the chain of command like any common soldier; the back door henceforth was closed.  &amp;quot;The champagne and oysters on the Potomac must be stopped,&amp;quot; he roared. &amp;quot;I will force this man McClellan to fight.&amp;quot; (TL 5, pp. 70-71)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The arrest of Stone only made McClellan more cautious, instead of Stanton's hope that it would spur the general into action.  His lack of fighting spirit would cause Lincoln to remark &amp;quot;McClellan is a great engineer, but he has a special talent for a stationary engine&amp;quot; (TL 8, pg 23).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Strange-looking warships===&lt;br /&gt;
On May 8, 1861, Confederate Navy Secretary Stephan Mallory submitted his plans for building ironclads to the Committee on Naval Affairs, stating it would be costly, but the advantages of the Union Navy being overwhelmed by the sheer power implied in ironclads would be worth the price.  By the end of the month the plans were approved, and the first ship selected for refitting was the salvaged hulk of USS ''Merrimac'', scuttled the previous month when the Union abandoned Norfolk.  She was placed in drydock, and over the next several months the hull was razed to the gun deck, the engine overhauled, and heavy-timber casemate was built over the hull and and a dozens guns, then roofed over with sheet iron four inches thick.  As a final weapon, a cast iron ram weighing 1,500 pounds was fitted to the bow (TL 3, pp. 48-49).  The Confederacy would christen her CSS ''Virginia''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At about the same time the ''Merrimac'' was being overhauled, a naval committee was convened in Washington in August 1861, with Union Navy Secretary Gideon Welles presiding, and the discussion was also about ironclads.  Of seventeen submitted plans, two were accepted, but without much enthusiasm for either: a large, sea-going broadside frigate named ''New Ironsides'', and a smaller gunboat named ''Galena'', designed by Cornelius Bushnell of New Haven, Connecticut (TL 3, pg. 51).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That same night Bushnell had taken his plans for ''Galena'' to a friend named John Ericsson, a Swedish inventor and engineer, who told him the plans were sound.  Ericsson then went to a cupboard and pulled a model of his own and showed it to Bushnell, a strange-looking flat vessel with a single, two-gun turret.  Convinced of this vessel's superiority, Bushnell took Ericsson before the board, who bickered back and forth until President Lincoln looked it over.  &amp;quot;All I have to say'&amp;quot; he said' &amp;quot;is what the girl said when she put her foot in the stocking: 'It strikes me there's something in it!'&amp;quot;  After a detailed explanation of his ship's qualities (and after some deception on Bushnell's part after the plans were initially rejected), Ericsson's plans were approved; in just over one hundred days, Ericsson's ''Monitor'' would be launched (TL 3, pp. 51-52).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Eastern Theater==&lt;br /&gt;
===Hampton Roads===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Moni.JPG|thumb|200px|right|the ''Monitor'' and the ''Merrimac'' at Hampton Roads, March 9, 1862.]]&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Battle of Hampton Roads]] began on March 8, when the former USS ''Merrimac'' steamed out of Norfolk as the ironclad CSS ''Virginia'' and made her heading straight for the Union warships on blockade duty.  ''Virginia's'' first victim was the 24-gun sloop USS ''Cumberland'', at anchor off Newport News, which she easily dispatched by ramming an immense hole in her side, while ''Cumberland's'' own guns fired shots that glanced off her iron skin.  As water awashed over ''Cumberland's'' gun deck, ''Virginia'' turned about and headed for the nearby USS ''Congress'', which was compelled to surrender within minutes after an escape attempt ended with ''Congress'' heeled over on a sandbar, her 50 guns useless.  While ''Virginia's'' commander, Captain Franklin Buchanan, sent boats out to receive the ship's surrender, soldiers on shore opened fire, wounding Buchanan in the thigh; he would subsequently order red-hot shell fired into the ''Congress'', setting her ablaze.  After abandoning an attempt at sinking USS ''Minnesota'', which had also run aground, ''Virginia'' retired for the night in Norfolk, intending to finish the work in the morning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When morning arrived, ''Virginia'' steamed into the channel for the ''Minnesota'', when lookouts on the ironclad peered through their glasses and saw the strange sight of a bizarre-looking ship steaming out from behind the big frigate.  The Union ironclad USS ''Monitor'' had arrived during the night, and during the next four hours both ironclads battered each other to a stalemate, neither side gaining an advantage over the other, and both would retire from the contest, never to fight each other again.  ''Virginia'' would be destroyed in May to prevent her from falling into Union hands when Norfolk was taken back, and ''Monitor'' would sink in a gale off Cape Hatteras in December.  But the battle itself would have far-reaching effects world-wide, for it demonstrated that the day of the wooden warship was over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The Peninsular Campaign===&lt;br /&gt;
Following the neutralization of the threat the ''Virginia'' had caused, McClellan disembarked supplies and 100,000 troops at Fort Monroe on April 4 and began his march up the peninsula, with the aim of capturing the Confederate capitol of Richmond.  Facing him are about 17,000 men under General Joseph E. Johnston, who continues to shift his forces for delaying tactics in Richmond’s defense.  McClellan continues to move north, having an engagement at the Warwick River before occupying Yorktown and Falmouth by April 18, and helped in repulsing Confederates by a river flotilla which included USS ''Monitor'' (Bowman, pg. 93).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But he is slow in going.  Part of the delay at Yorktown was McClellan’s wanting of a count of the enemy in the field; after hearing of an “endless march” of Confederates, he decided they must outnumber his own.  “The Warwick River grows worse the more you look at it,” he wired Lincoln.  “It seams clear that I shall have the whole force of the enemy on my hands, probably not less than 100,000 men, and possibly more.”  He didn’t know that the “endless march” was staged by Confederate Major General John B. Magruder, who had just a few hundred men march in a circle, with a small view for the Federals convinced the men numbered in the thousands.  McClellan’s delays only made Lincoln more impatient.  “It is indispensable that you strike a blow,” he wired back to his general (TL 5, pp. 99-102).  In the end, it was Johnston who withdrew from Yorktown, knowing he couldn’t compete with McClellan’s superior force, but also knowing McClellan’s way of fighting.  “No one but McClellan could have hesitated to attack” he would say later (TL 5, pg. 107).  McClellan would also be stymied by Confederate defenses at Centerville; on finally getting the nerve to figure out why such well-armed fortifications appeared not to have troops, he discovered that they were armed with “Quaker guns” – painted logs (TL 5, pg. 85).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By the first week of May there are serious clashes between Confederates and Federals.  Some 1,500 men are lost in battles between Yorktown and Williamsburg; by the 15th, Johnston’s troops have moved back across the Chickahominy River as the Union forces move closer to Richmond, with more fighting breaking out at Drewry’s Bluff on the banks of the James; a naval force with the ironclads ''Monitor'' and ''Galena'' lends support, but is forced back from effective Confederate fire at Fort Darling (Bowman, pg. 98).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Jackson's Valley Campaign===&lt;br /&gt;
In the meantime, troops that McClellan expected to take the war to the enemy in the Shenandoah Valley have problems of their own.  An effort to take the valley (and with it the South’s breadbasket) by Union forces results in five battles from March to June 1862, covering more than 650 miles: Kernstown (March 23); Front Royal (May 23); Winchester (May 25); Cross Keys (June 8); and Port Republic (June 9).  These brilliant actions, led by General Stonewall Jackson, pinned down the much larger Union forces, preventing them from coordinating with McClellan (Jackson’s campaign may have saved Richmond from capture), and posed a continual threat to Washington. Jackson and his First Division, the legendary “Foot Cavalry”, were catapulted to fame.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fair Oaks / Seven Pines===&lt;br /&gt;
The Union army had by May straddled both sides of the Chickahominy, and over 105,000 men were poised to threaten Richmond.  Two corps were on the southern side of the river, and Johnston took advantage of their isolation from the other three by attacking them on May 31.  According to the Confederate plan, Generals Magruder and A.P. Hill were to lead their divisions against the forces on the north side of the river to prevent them from reenforcing the remainder, which would be attacked by the main body led by Longstreet, who would converge on the enemy from three sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But the Union army had advance warning of the attack, courtesy of Professor Thaddeus Lowe and his Balloon Corps.  By deploying observation balloons at Gaines Farm and Mechanicsville  But McClellan disbelieved Lowes' reports that Confederates were massing against his III Corps under Brigadier General Samuel P. Heintzelman's position, and thought the Confederate movements were a feint. Lowe sent an urgent message advising McClellan to send reinforcements to Heintzelman.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In beginning his attack, Longstreet went on the wrong road and moved south when he should have gone east; this caused a delay in the advance of his columns, preventing his getting into position until after 1 pm.  By then, Major General D.H. Hill's forces had begun their attack alone against IV Corps under Brigadier General Erasmus D. Keyes, who withstood the attack until Hill was reinforced by Longstreet, and Keyes was driven back.  Before IV Corps could be routed, Major General Edwin V. Sumner arrived with II Corps and stabilized the position.  Both sides would fight fiercely with heavy casualties, but each made little headway against the other.  It would resume the next day with the same results, and both sides would withdraw, each claiming victory.  During the engagement General Johnston was seriously wounded, and he had to pass command over to Major General G.W. Smith.  But the Federal advance on Richmond was halted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The Seven Days===&lt;br /&gt;
The three weeks following Seven Pines saw a reorganization of the Army of Northern Virginia and an improvement of their defensive lines, under the watchful eye of its new commander, General [[Robert E. Lee]].  Lee also awaited reinforcements from the Shenandoah Valley, as Stonewall Jackson had finished his campaign there and was moving south.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not waiting for Lee to take the offensive again was McClellan, who had increased his cavalry patrols in anticipation of Jackson's arrival, and had moved his siege guns near Old Tavern, a small town to the north of where he planned his actual attack at Oak Grove.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Oak Grove'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Seven Days battles began with the Battle of Oak Grove on June 25, when McClellan advanced his lines with the objective of bringing Richmond within range of his siege guns. III Corps attacked across the headwaters of White Oak Swamp, but were beaten back by Major General Benjamin Huger's Confederates. Three miles to the rear, McClellan had telegraphed to call off the attack, but when he had arrived on the front lines he ordered another attack over the same ground. Union troops gained only 600 yards by sunset, at a cost of more than a thousand casualties for both sides.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Mechanicsville'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The second battle took place on June 26.  Having a plan involving an attack by Jackson's corps, Lee's plan went bad when Jackson didn't show up on time;  A.P. Hill threw his division, reinforced by one of D.H. Hill's brigades, into a series of assaults against the Union V Corps led by Brigadier General Fitz John Porter, who was behind Beaver Dam Creek; all of Hill's assaults were driven back with heavy casualties. Jackson's divisions, having traversed many miles from the Shenandoah valley by foot and train, were four hours late and too exhausted to join in the battle; they would merely pitch camp for the night.  However, Jackson's presence would force Porter to fall back by the next morning to Boatswain Creek, nearby Gaines' Mill.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Gaines' Mill'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On June 27, Lee renewed his assault on Porter's corps, who had strengthened his defensive line throughout the night, and held fast through the afternoon, inflicting heavy casualties on the Confederates.  At sunset, Lee mounted a coordinated assault that broke through Porter's defenses, resulting in defeat and withdrawal of the Federals toward the Chicahominy River.  McClellan was forced to abandon his attempts at taking Richmond, and has thus begun his retreat toward the James.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Garnett's and Golding's Farms'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While Gaines' Mill raged north of the Chickahominy, Magruder led a reconnaissance that developed into a minor attack against the Union line at Garnett's Farm south of the river. The Confederates attacked again on the morning of June 28 at Golding's Farm, but were easily repulsed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Savage's Station'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the main body of the Union Army of the Potomac began its withdrawal toward the James River, Magruder pursued along the railroad and the Williamsburg Road and struck Sumner's II Corps (in the rear) with three brigades near Savage's Station on June 29, while Jackson's divisions had been stalled north of the Chickahominy.  Union forces continued their withdrawal across White Oak Swamp, abandoning supplies and a field hospital with more than 2,500 wounded soldiers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''White Oak Swamp and Glendale'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On June 30, a newly-placed rearguard (IV Corps) under Major General William B. Franklin stopped Jackson's divisions at the White Oak Bridge, resulting in an exchange of artillery, while a larger battle raged two miles away at Glendale. Because of Franklin's resistance, Jackson was prevented from joining the assault on the Union Army.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Confederate divisions of Longstreet, Huger, and A.P. Hill converged on the retreating Union Army near Glendale.  Longstreet's and Hill's attacks penetrated Union defenses near Willis Church, routing Brigadier General George A. McCall's division. Union Brigadier Generals Joseph Hooker and Philip Kearny would counter attack, sealing the break in the lines and saving their line of retreat.  Confederate Major General Theophilus H. Holmes would make a half-hearted, and weak, attempt to turn the Union left flank at Turkey Bridge, but Federal gunboats on the James would drive him back.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Malvern Hill'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The final battle of the Seven Days was fought on July 1, as Lee launched a series of assaults on Malvern Hill, where the Federals had fallen back during the night and strengthened their defenses considerably.  This time, Lee was forced to withdraw, as the Confederates sustained more than 5,300 casualties without gaining any ground.  Despite his victory, McClellan continued his retreat to Harrison's Landing on the James, where all of his forces would be taken across under the protection of his gunboats.  His Peninsular Campaign was over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Western Theater==&lt;br /&gt;
===Fort Henry===&lt;br /&gt;
===Fort Donelson===&lt;br /&gt;
===Shiloh===&lt;br /&gt;
==Trans-Mississippi Theater==&lt;br /&gt;
===Pea Ridge===&lt;br /&gt;
===New Orleans===&lt;br /&gt;
==The Bloodiest Day==&lt;br /&gt;
==Fredericksburg==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
*Time-Life Books ''The Civil War'', vol. 3 (''The Blockade''), Time Inc, New York (1983)&lt;br /&gt;
*Time-Life Books ''The Civil War'', vol. 4 (''The Road to Shiloh''), Time Inc, New York (1983)&lt;br /&gt;
*Time-Life Books ''The Civil War'', vol. 5 (''Forward to Richmond''), Time Inc, New York (1983)&lt;br /&gt;
*Time-Life Books ''The Civil War'', vol. 8 (''Lee Takes Command''), Time Inc, New York (1984)&lt;br /&gt;
*Bowman, John S. (editor), ''The Civil War Almanac'' World Almanac Publications, New York (1985)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Links==&lt;br /&gt;
====The Official Records of the War of the Rebellion====&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/moa_browse.html Official Records, from Cornell University]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/records/default.cfm?CFID=2953054&amp;amp;CFTOKEN=64723065&amp;amp;jsessionid=de3014246f1a3c587075TR Official Records, from eHistory.com]&lt;br /&gt;
====General====&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/civil_war_maps Library of Congress Civil War map collection]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.civil-war.net The Civil War Homepage]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.pbs.org/civilwar The PBS/Ken Burns documentary]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.historyplace.com/civilwar The History Place]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/misc/civilwar/civilwar.htm Civil War at a Glance; US Interior Department]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.civilwarhome.com Shotgun's home of the American Civil War]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.cwc.lsu.edu US Civil War Center, from Louisiana State University]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpcoop/nhihtml/cwnyhshome.html Civil War Treasures, from New York Historical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:American Civil War]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homophobia&amp;diff=136228</id>
		<title>Homophobia</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homophobia&amp;diff=136228"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T03:32:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The term '''&amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot;''' is a [[pseudoscience| pseudoscientific]] [[neologism]] invented to impugn and slander both homo and heterosexuals uncomfortable with [[homosexuality]].  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.narth.com/docs/creates.html Gay Psychologist Creates New Terms for Use in the Social Debate] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
It is intended to portray opposition to the [[homosexual agenda]] as irrational based on fear or hatred. &lt;br /&gt;
The term is misused by gay activists and apologists to smear Christians and others who do not sanction homosexuality on Biblical grounds.  There is however, no agreement among therapeutic researchers and professionals as to what the term means. Unlike other phobias, it is not a term for any recognized psychological condition. The National Association for Research &amp;amp; Therapy on Homosexuality says,&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;The term &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; is often used inaccurately to describe any person who objects to homosexual behavior on either moral, psychological or medical grounds. Technically, however, the terms actually denotes a person who has a phobia&amp;amp;mdash;or irrational fear&amp;amp;mdash;of homosexuality. Principled disagreement, therefore, cannot be labeled &amp;quot;homophobia.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.narth.com/menus/positionstatements.html NARTH Position Statements]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
When used in this [[pejorative]] sense, the term is offensive and derogatory.  The therapeutic community is largely divided between proponents of [[gay gene]] theory who believe a person is born gay and will always be gay, and proponents of [[Reparative therapy]] who believe with sympathy and understanding a homosexual can be relieved of afflictions if he so desires.  Gay gene advocates seek to criminalize so-called &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot;, despite many homophobes themselves being gay, whereas Restoration therapy advocates point out the cruelty of brainwashing a young person into believing -- based upon theoretical evidence -- there is no hope of ever leading a heterosexual lifestyle.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Etymology==&lt;br /&gt;
The neologism was invented by George Weinberg, a gay activist and psychologist, who proposed it in clinical literature in 1972 as &amp;quot;the dread of being in close quarters with homosexuals.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Plummer, David, ''One of the Boys: Masculinity, Homophobia, and Modern Manhood'', [http://books.google.com/books?id=xHGz4f_2_7IC&amp;amp;pg=PA3&amp;amp;ots=U8ktZZgnAk&amp;amp;dq=George+Weinberg+homophobia&amp;amp;ie=ISO-8859-1&amp;amp;sig=d7hjCcZ1uuBlgdLyRjUJwEn51uA#PPA3,M1 pp. 3-4]: &amp;quot;'Homophobia was introduced into the clinical literature by George Weinberg in 1972, in ''Society and the Healthy Homosexual.'' At that time, he referred to it as 'the dread of being in close quarters with homosexuals.'&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  From there the term entered the mainstream currency through pornographic publications. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gregory M. Herek, Ph.D., published ''Beyond 'Homophobia': Thinking About Sexual Prejudice and Stigma in the Twenty-First Century,'' in the April, 2004, issue of Sexuality Research &amp;amp; Social Policy. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The word comes from combining the Greek prefix ''homo-'', meaning &amp;quot;same&amp;quot;, and suffix ''-phobia'', meaning &amp;quot;fear of&amp;quot;. In early usage by homosexual activists, the term described heterosexual fears that others might think they were homosexual &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.narth.com/docs/creates.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The term has not been wholly accepted within the psychological therapeutic community.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Homophobia as an &amp;quot;Irrational Fear&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
The suffix &amp;quot;phobia&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Psychologists do not recognize it as a phobia in any generally recognized publication like the DSM IV.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; suggests an irrational fear, but it is most often used as a attack term by [[gay rights]] groups to suggest that opposition to [[homosexuality]] is irrational and hateful.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Eg, this site [http://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_phob.htm] first defines homophobia as a dread or fear, but says that it includes those who write their Congressmen to oppose same-sex marriage.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Dr. Sander J. Breiner of NARTH has observed,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:There is no personal, internal, institutional, or cultural homophobia. The terms do not exist in the recognized scientific literature...There is only one homophobia, which has been properly defined....There is no doubt that homophobia exists. There is also no doubt that there are rationalized and irrational anti-homosexual attitudes. However, it would be very valuable for society in general, and therapists in particular, to have a clear picture of homophobia separated from all the other topics that have been lumped under that rubric.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.narth.com/docs/coll-breiner.html HOMOPHOBIA: A Scientific Non-Political Definition], Dr. Sander J. Breiner, National Association for Research and Therapy on Homosexuality, 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
William O'Donohue and Christine E. Caselles &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;William O'Donohue and Christine E. Caselles, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/n0264m864t146585/ Homophobia: Conceptual, definitional, and value issues], Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, Volume 15, Number 3, Springer Netherlands, September, 1993. ISSN 0882-2689&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; have concluded based upon research within the therapeutic community a clear understanding of the term has not been adequately evaluated and it is not clear whether the term can be accurately characterized.  They have concluded,&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;the construct of homophobia, as it is usually used, makes an illegitimately pejorative evaluation of certain open and debatable value positions, much like the former disease construct of homosexuality.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politics]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homophobia&amp;diff=136221</id>
		<title>Homophobia</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homophobia&amp;diff=136221"/>
		<updated>2007-04-30T03:27:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The term '''&amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot;''' is a [[pseudoscientific]] [[neologism]] invented to impugn and slander both homo and heterosexuals uncomfortable with [[homosexuality]].  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.narth.com/docs/creates.html Gay Psychologist Creates New Terms for Use in the Social Debate] &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
It is intended to portray opposition to the [[homosexual agenda]] as irrational based on fear or hatred. &lt;br /&gt;
The term is misused by gay activists and apologists to smear Christians and others who do not sanction homosexuality on Biblical grounds.  There is however, no agreement among therapeutic researchers and professionals as to what the term means. Unlike other phobias, it is not a term for any recognized psychological condition. The National Association for Research &amp;amp; Therapy on Homosexuality says,&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;The term &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; is often used inaccurately to describe any person who objects to homosexual behavior on either moral, psychological or medical grounds. Technically, however, the terms actually denotes a person who has a phobia&amp;amp;mdash;or irrational fear&amp;amp;mdash;of homosexuality. Principled disagreement, therefore, cannot be labeled &amp;quot;homophobia.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.narth.com/menus/positionstatements.html NARTH Position Statements]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
When used in this [[pejorative]] sense, the term is offensive and derogatory.  The therapeutic community is largely divided between proponents of [[gay gene]] theory who believe a person is born gay and will always be gay, and proponents of [[Restoration therapy]] who believe with sympathy and understanding a homosexual can be relieved of afflictions if he so desires.  Gay gene advocates seek to criminalize so-called &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot;, despite many homophobes themselves being gay, whereas Restoration therapy advocates point out the cruelty of brainwashing a young person into believing -- based upon theoretical evidence -- there is no hope of ever leading a heterosexual lifestyle.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Etymology==&lt;br /&gt;
The neologism was invented by George Weinberg, a gay activist and psychologist, who proposed it in clinical literature in 1972 as &amp;quot;the dread of being in close quarters with homosexuals.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Plummer, David, ''One of the Boys: Masculinity, Homophobia, and Modern Manhood'', [http://books.google.com/books?id=xHGz4f_2_7IC&amp;amp;pg=PA3&amp;amp;ots=U8ktZZgnAk&amp;amp;dq=George+Weinberg+homophobia&amp;amp;ie=ISO-8859-1&amp;amp;sig=d7hjCcZ1uuBlgdLyRjUJwEn51uA#PPA3,M1 pp. 3-4]: &amp;quot;'Homophobia was introduced into the clinical literature by George Weinberg in 1972, in ''Society and the Healthy Homosexual.'' At that time, he referred to it as 'the dread of being in close quarters with homosexuals.'&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  From there the term entered the mainstream currency through pornographic publications. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gregory M. Herek, Ph.D., published ''Beyond 'Homophobia': Thinking About Sexual Prejudice and Stigma in the Twenty-First Century,'' in the April, 2004, issue of Sexuality Research &amp;amp; Social Policy. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The word comes from combining the Greek prefix ''homo-'', meaning &amp;quot;same&amp;quot;, and suffix ''-phobia'', meaning &amp;quot;fear of&amp;quot;. In early usage by homosexual activists, the term described heterosexual fears that others might think they were homosexual &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.narth.com/docs/creates.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The term has not been wholly accepted within the psychological therapeutic community.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Homophobia as an &amp;quot;Irrational Fear&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
The suffix &amp;quot;phobia&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Psychologists do not recognize it as a phobia in any generally recognized publication like the DSM IV.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; suggests an irrational fear, but it is most often used as a attack term by [[gay rights]] groups to suggest that opposition to [[homosexuality]] is irrational and hateful.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Eg, this site [http://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_phob.htm] first defines homophobia as a dread or fear, but says that it includes those who write their Congressmen to oppose same-sex marriage.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Dr. Sander J. Breiner of NARTH has observed,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:There is no personal, internal, institutional, or cultural homophobia. The terms do not exist in the recognized scientific literature...There is only one homophobia, which has been properly defined....There is no doubt that homophobia exists. There is also no doubt that there are rationalized and irrational anti-homosexual attitudes. However, it would be very valuable for society in general, and therapists in particular, to have a clear picture of homophobia separated from all the other topics that have been lumped under that rubric.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.narth.com/docs/coll-breiner.html HOMOPHOBIA: A Scientific Non-Political Definition], Dr. Sander J. Breiner, National Association for Research and Therapy on Homosexuality, 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
William O'Donohue and Christine E. Caselles &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;William O'Donohue and Christine E. Caselles, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/n0264m864t146585/ Homophobia: Conceptual, definitional, and value issues], Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, Volume 15, Number 3, Springer Netherlands, September, 1993. ISSN 0882-2689&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; have concluded based upon research within the therapeutic community a clear understanding of the term has not been adequately evaluated and it is not clear whether the term can be accurately characterized.  They have concluded,&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;the construct of homophobia, as it is usually used, makes an illegitimately pejorative evaluation of certain open and debatable value positions, much like the former disease construct of homosexuality.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politics]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Bacon&amp;diff=135767</id>
		<title>Talk:Bacon</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Bacon&amp;diff=135767"/>
		<updated>2007-04-29T22:48:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: New page: I bake my bacon, 375°F for 18 minutes, (or thereabouts), on parchment paper. This brings the bacon to a par-cooked condition, most of the fat gone but not quite &amp;quot;done&amp;quot;. In the USA they no...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I bake my bacon, 375°F for 18 minutes, (or thereabouts), on parchment paper. This brings the bacon to a par-cooked condition, most of the fat gone but not quite &amp;quot;done&amp;quot;. In the USA they now have this already done, &amp;quot;fully cooked&amp;quot; bacon sold by the slice (usually 15 per package) which is about the same as one pound uncooked bacon. It varies in cost to being a little more for your fifteen slices to a little less (if it's on sale). The taste and texture is the same as home-cooked bacon, though you don't get all those lovely drippings to make one's cornbread with. _-_[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 18:48, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=135156</id>
		<title>Chess</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=135156"/>
		<updated>2007-04-29T18:09:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Pieces */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Staunton chess set.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A typical chess set and tournament clock.]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Chess''' is a turn-based board game for two players, and is generally considered the most popular game in the world.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://50.lycos.com/082902.asp Equally Popular:Board Games], ''Lycos''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The goal of the game is to place the opposing king into ''checkmate'', that is, a position in which the king is attacked and cannot escape from this situation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not in the original game.  The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first.  Maneuvers such as castling or capturing en passant have been developed within the past few hundred years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world.  International competition, including world championship events, is organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]].  The current world champion is Russian Vladimir Kramnik.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess has its roots in [[India]], where locals played a game called Shaturanga. The earliest extant description of the game is contained in the [[Bhavishya Purana]], which dates from A.D. 300 to A.D. 600. Shaturanga used [[dice]], but [[Hinduism]] bans gambling.  As a result, the game of chess developed free from any dice or chance.  [[European]] travelers visited India in the 15th century, and brought back knowledge of the game, and modern chess was developed in southern Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Board==&lt;br /&gt;
The chess board is a square, divided into 64 smaller squares aranged in eight rows of eight.  The squares are alternating light and dark, with a light square in the bottom right hand corner.  A chess board is the same as a [[Checkers|checkerboard]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The horizontal rows of squares are refered to as &amp;quot;ranks&amp;quot; and the vertical rows are refered to as &amp;quot;files&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Pieces==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:StauntonPieces.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Staunton Style chess pieces. From left to right: King, Queen, Bishop, Knight, Rook, and Pawn.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Each player has a total of 16 pieces; 8 pawns, 2 knights, 2 bishops, 2 rooks, 1 queen, 1 king.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Relative Value of Pieces===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several different ideas about the relative value of the pieces.  It is important to note that the &amp;quot;points&amp;quot; used to assign a value to each piece are hypothetical and do not constitute a score.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The method most often used is:&lt;br /&gt;
*Pawn--1&lt;br /&gt;
*Knight--3 (some say 2.5)&lt;br /&gt;
*Bishop--3&lt;br /&gt;
*Rook--5&lt;br /&gt;
*Queen--9&lt;br /&gt;
*King--Priceless (although in an endgame, the King has an attacking power of about 3)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Style===&lt;br /&gt;
The most popular style of pieces are known as Staunton style pieces, the tournament standard for chess pieces, although other types exist. Often, popular themed chess sets will appear with characters from popular culture or fiction taking the places of the more common Staunton style pieces. These novelty pieces are not tournament sanctioned however, and can sometimes cause confusion during gameplay as to which piece is which.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Although chess pieces can come in a variety of materials, marble and glass tend to be very popular, but for most chess tournaments, simple plastic pieces are usually favored. Also, while many home chess sets use heavy boards made out of wood or stone or some polymer material, tournament boards are actually roll-able mats with the board printed on it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Gameplay ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The object of the game is to checkmate the other player's '''King''' before he checkmates your king.  When a pawn reaches the far side of the board, it may be promoted to any other piece (except a King).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*The players alternate moving until the game has ended.&lt;br /&gt;
*The player with the White pieces always moves first.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
The pieces move as follows.&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''pawn''' moves one square forward, except when moving from it's opening position, when it can optionally move two.  The pawn is the only piece that captures in a way different from the way it moves.  It captures opposing pieces by capturing one square diagonally forward.  When another piece is on the square directly in front of a pawn it cannot move unless it is making a capture.  &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''knight''', which is the only piece that can jump over other pieces, moves one square in one straight direction and two in the other.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''bishop''' can move as many squares as desired diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''rook''' can move as many squares as desired in a straight direction.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''queen''' is the most powerful piece in the board. It can move as many squares as desired (without jumping over another piece), either straight or diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''king''', which is the most important piece on the board, moves one square, either straight or diagonally.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Capturing====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All pieces except for the pawn capture along their lines of motion.  A capture is made by moving a piece to a square occupied by one of the opponent's pieces, and removing the opponent's piece from the board. If a piece can move to occupy the location of an opponent's piece, it can capture that piece.  The '''pawn''', can only capture by moving diagonally forward one square.  A piece is said to be undefended if it has no piece &amp;quot;supporting&amp;quot; its position - i.e., preventing an opponent from capturing it by threat of losing his attacking piece.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Special Moves====&lt;br /&gt;
*'''Castling'''- When a player has no pieces between a rook and his king, and he has not moved either piece, he can move the king two squares in the direction of the rook, and then place the rook on the square that the king passed over. A player cannot castle if the King is currently in check, would be in check after castling, or would move through a square which is under attack.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''en passant'''- French for &amp;quot;In passing.&amp;quot; In chess, if a player pushes his pawn far down to the end of the board, and his opponent pushes a starting pawn 2 spaces ahead, to put the pawn on the same row to avoid confrontation, the player may choose to invoke the &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; move, which treats the enemy pawn as though it had only moved one space. The player may capture diagonally on the square '''behind''' the enemy pawn, and remove the enemy pawn. The principle is that the two space rule for a pawn's first move cannot be used to avoid confrontation between two pawns. However, the player may only invoke &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; on the first turn after the opponent pushes his pawn. He cannot make it after than turn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The end of the game===&lt;br /&gt;
The game ends either with one player winning by checkmating his opponent's king, or in a draw with niether player winning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Checkmate====&lt;br /&gt;
Checkmate is achieved when the following conditions are met. &lt;br /&gt;
* The King is directly attacked by an opponent's piece. (Check) &lt;br /&gt;
* Every square that the King can move to is also attacked by an opponent's piece. &lt;br /&gt;
* The Piece that is attacking the King cannot be captured. &lt;br /&gt;
* Another Piece cannot be moved in between to cut off the attack on the King.&lt;br /&gt;
When the King is checkmated, The game is over, and the player who checkmated the other player's king is the winner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Draw====&lt;br /&gt;
There are several ways that the game can end in a draw. One of these is stalemate, which is described below. Additionally, the players can mutually agree to a draw, or a draw can be claimed if each player has made fifty consecutive moves without a pawn move or a capture, or if the same position has appeared on the board three times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Stalemate=====&lt;br /&gt;
A player is stalemated when he cannot make a legal move, and is not in check.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notation==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess notation is used to record the moves of a chess game.  This has several uses.  Notation can be used to record games for review at a later time.  There are two major methods of chess notation, Algebraic and Descriptive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Algebraic===&lt;br /&gt;
Algebraic is the more commonly used method of notation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Descriptive===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Strategy==&lt;br /&gt;
===Moves which win material===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several basic types of moves that win material.&lt;br /&gt;
====The Fork====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move which attacks 2 of his opponent's pieces simultaneously with one piece of his own, it is called a '''fork'''.  This forces his opponent to essentially, choose which piece he will lose.  Knights are especially adept at Forking because their method of movement allows them to attack any other kind of piece without being under attack from that piece.  Forks in which the enemy King is one of the pieces under attack are especially effective because they force the opponent to move the king, leaving no choice as to which piece to move. While the knight is the most adept at forking, all of the other pieces are capable of it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One example of the fork is called '''&amp;quot;The Pickle&amp;quot;'''.  A inexperienced player can be tricked into losing one of his rooks in the following manner.  You move your king pawn forward 2 squares.  Your opponent pushes his kings pawn up 2 squares as well. (the most common response) You move your queen out diagonally to the right all the way to the edge of the board. If the other player is ambitious, they will most likely advance the knight's pawn 1 square to attack your queen. At that point, you move to capture your opponent's king pawn with your queen. This will place the king in check, forcing him to block the check with a piece. Then, since he moved his knight's pawn, the path will be clear for you to capture the kings rook.  this sets you up with one of his rooks out of the way, and you have control over the center of the board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Pin====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move so that an opponent's piece is in between his attacking piece and another more valuable enemy piece, the move is called a '''&amp;quot;pin&amp;quot;'''.  Pinning creates a situation in which the opponent cannot move the piece in question without losing the more valuable piece behind it, effectively &amp;quot;pinning&amp;quot; the piece.  A pinned piece can be easily taken.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Skewer====&lt;br /&gt;
The Skewer is the opposite of the pin.  When a player makes a move so that an opponent's valuable piece is directly between his attacking piece and another of the opponents less valuable pieces it is called a skewer.  The Skewer forces the opponent to move his more valuable piece out of the way which allows the player to capture the less valuable piece behind it.  This especially effective when the King is the skewered piece because the it leaves the opponent with no choice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Other Strategy===&lt;br /&gt;
====Doubling Rooks====&lt;br /&gt;
Placing both Rooks together in a rank or file with no pieces in between is a powerful method of attack, because each rook defends the other.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Sacrificing====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player intentionally allows one of his own pieces to be taken in exchange for better position, this is called '''Sacrificing'''.  Often, the piece is offered in an attempt to get the players opponent to weaken his own defenses by capturing with a piece that had been in a good defensive position.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.fide.com/ FIDE] - World Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.uschess.org USCF] - United States Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.iccf.com/ ICCF] - International Correspondence Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.chess-players.org/eng/index.html ACP] - Association of Chess Professionals&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:board games]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=134616</id>
		<title>Chess</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=134616"/>
		<updated>2007-04-29T04:36:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Movement */ reversed move sections&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Staunton chess set.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A typical chess set and tournament clock.]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Chess''' is a turn-based board game for two players, and is generally considered the most popular game in the world.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://50.lycos.com/082902.asp Equally Popular:Board Games], ''Lycos''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The goal of the game is to place the opposing king into ''checkmate'', that is, a position in which the king is attacked and cannot escape from this situation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not in the original game.  The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first.  Maneuvers such as castling or capturing en passant have been developed within the past few hundred years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world.  International competition, including world championship events, is organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]].  The current world champion is Russian Vladimir Kramnik.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess has its roots in [[India]], where locals played a game called Shaturanga. The earliest extant description of the game is contained in the [[Bhavishya Purana]], which dates from A.D. 300 to A.D. 600. Shaturanga used [[dice]], but [[Hinduism]] bans gambling.  As a result, the game of chess developed free from any dice or chance.  [[European]] travelers visited India in the 15th century, and brought back knowledge of the game, and modern chess was developed in southern Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Board==&lt;br /&gt;
The chess board is a square, divided into 64 smaller squares aranged in eight rows of eight.  The squares are alternating light and dark, with a light square in the bottom right hand corner.  A chess board is the same as a [[Checkers|checkerboard]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The horizontal rows of squares are refered to as &amp;quot;ranks&amp;quot; and the vertical rows are refered to as &amp;quot;files&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Pieces==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:StauntonPieces.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Staunton Style chess pieces. From left to right: King, Queen, Bishop, Knight, Rook, and Pawn.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Each player has a total of 16 pieces; 8 pawns, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 2 rooks, 1 queen, 1 king.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Relative Value of Pieces===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several different ideas about the relative value of the pieces.  It is important to note that the &amp;quot;points&amp;quot; used to assign a value to each piece are hypothetical and do not constitute a score.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The method most often used is:&lt;br /&gt;
*Pawn--1&lt;br /&gt;
*Knight--3 (some say 2.5)&lt;br /&gt;
*Bishop--3&lt;br /&gt;
*Rook--5&lt;br /&gt;
*Queen--9&lt;br /&gt;
*King--Priceless (although in an endgame, the King has an attacking power of about 3)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Style===&lt;br /&gt;
The most popular style of pieces are known as Staunton style pieces, the tournament standard for chess pieces, although other types exist. Often, popular themed chess sets will appear with characters from popular culture or fiction taking the places of the more common Staunton style pieces. These novelty pieces are not tournament sanctioned however, and can sometimes cause confusion during gameplay as to which piece is which.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Although chess pieces can come in a variety of materials, marble and glass tend to be very popular, but for most chess tournaments, simple plastic pieces are usually favored. Also, while many home chess sets use heavy boards made out of wood or stone or some polymer material, tournament boards are actually roll-able mats with the board printed on it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Gameplay ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The object of the game is to checkmate the other player's '''King''' before he checkmates your king.  When a pawn reaches the far side of the board, it may be promoted to any other piece (except a King).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*The players alternate moving until the game has ended.&lt;br /&gt;
*The player with the White pieces always moves first.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
The pieces move as follows.&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''pawn''' moves one square forward, except when moving from it's opening position, when it can optionally move two.  The pawn is the only piece that captures in a way different from the way it moves.  It captures opposing pieces by capturing one square diagonally forward.  When another piece is on the square directly in front of a pawn it cannot move unless it is making a capture.  &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''knight''', which is the only piece that can jump over other pieces, moves one square in one straight direction and two in the other.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''bishop''' can move as many squares as desired diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''rook''' can move as many squares as desired in a straight direction.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''queen''' is the most powerful piece in the board. It can move as many squares as desired (without jumping over another piece), either straight or diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''king''', which is the most important piece on the board, moves one square, either straight or diagonally.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Capturing====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All pieces except for the pawn capture along their lines of motion.  A capture is made by moving a piece to a square occupied by one of the opponent's pieces, and removing the opponent's piece from the board. If a piece can move to occupy the location of an opponent's piece, it can capture that piece.  The '''pawn''', can only capture by moving diagonally forward one square.  A piece is said to be undefended if it has no piece &amp;quot;supporting&amp;quot; its position - i.e., preventing an opponent from capturing it by threat of losing his attacking piece.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Special Moves====&lt;br /&gt;
*'''Castling'''- When a player has no pieces between a rook and his king, and he has not moved either piece, he can move the king two squares in the direction of the rook, and then place the rook on the square that the king passed over. A player cannot castle if the King is currently in check, would be in check after castling, or would move through a square which is under attack.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''en passant'''- French for &amp;quot;In passing.&amp;quot; In chess, if a player pushes his pawn far down to the end of the board, and his opponent pushes a starting pawn 2 spaces ahead, to put the pawn on the same row to avoid confrontation, the player may choose to invoke the &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; move, which treats the enemy pawn as though it had only moved one space. The player may capture diagonally on the square '''behind''' the enemy pawn, and remove the enemy pawn. The principle is that the two space rule for a pawn's first move cannot be used to avoid confrontation between two pawns. However, the player may only invoke &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; on the first turn after the opponent pushes his pawn. He cannot make it after than turn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The end of the game===&lt;br /&gt;
The game ends either with one player winning by checkmating his opponent's king, or in a draw with niether player winning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Checkmate====&lt;br /&gt;
Checkmate is achieved when the following conditions are met. &lt;br /&gt;
* The King is directly attacked by an opponent's piece. (Check) &lt;br /&gt;
* Every square that the King can move to is also attacked by an opponent's piece. &lt;br /&gt;
* The Piece that is attacking the King cannot be captured. &lt;br /&gt;
* Another Piece cannot be moved in between to cut off the attack on the King.&lt;br /&gt;
When the King is checkmated, The game is over, and the player who checkmated the other player's king is the winner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Draw====&lt;br /&gt;
There are several ways that the game can end in a draw. One of these is stalemate, which is described below. Additionally, the players can mutually agree to a draw, or a draw can be claimed if each player has made fifty consecutive moves without a pawn move or a capture, or if the same position has appeared on the board three times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Stalemate=====&lt;br /&gt;
A player is stalemated when he cannot make a legal move, and is not in check.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notation==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess notation is used to record the moves of a chess game.  This has several uses.  Notation can be used to record games for review at a later time.  There are two major methods of chess notation, Algebraic and Descriptive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Algebraic===&lt;br /&gt;
Algebraic is the more commonly used method of notation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Descriptive===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Strategy==&lt;br /&gt;
===Moves which win material===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several basic types of moves that win material.&lt;br /&gt;
====The Fork====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move which attacks 2 of his opponent's pieces simultaneously with one piece of his own, it is called a '''fork'''.  This forces his opponent to essentially, choose which piece he will lose.  Knights are especially adept at Forking because their method of movement allows them to attack any other kind of piece without being under attack from that piece.  Forks in which the enemy King is one of the pieces under attack are especially effective because they force the opponent to move the king, leaving no choice as to which piece to move. While the knight is the most adept at forking, all of the other pieces are capable of it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One example of the fork is called '''&amp;quot;The Pickle&amp;quot;'''.  A inexperienced player can be tricked into losing one of his rooks in the following manner.  You move your king pawn forward 2 squares.  Your opponent pushes his kings pawn up 2 squares as well. (the most common response) You move your queen out diagonally to the right all the way to the edge of the board. If the other player is ambitious, they will most likely advance the knight's pawn 1 square to attack your queen. At that point, you move to capture your opponent's king pawn with your queen. This will place the king in check, forcing him to block the check with a piece. Then, since he moved his knight's pawn, the path will be clear for you to capture the kings rook.  this sets you up with one of his rooks out of the way, and you have control over the center of the board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Pin====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move so that an opponent's piece is in between his attacking piece and another more valuable enemy piece, the move is called a '''&amp;quot;pin&amp;quot;'''.  Pinning creates a situation in which the opponent cannot move the piece in question without losing the more valuable piece behind it, effectively &amp;quot;pinning&amp;quot; the piece.  A pinned piece can be easily taken.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Skewer====&lt;br /&gt;
The Skewer is the opposite of the pin.  When a player makes a move so that an opponent's valuable piece is directly between his attacking piece and another of the opponents less valuable pieces it is called a skewer.  The Skewer forces the opponent to move his more valuable piece out of the way which allows the player to capture the less valuable piece behind it.  This especially effective when the King is the skewered piece because the it leaves the opponent with no choice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Other Strategy===&lt;br /&gt;
====Doubling Rooks====&lt;br /&gt;
Placing both Rooks together in a rank or file with no pieces in between is a powerful method of attack, because each rook defends the other.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Sacrificing====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player intentionally allows one of his own pieces to be taken in exchange for better position, this is called '''Sacrificing'''.  Often, the piece is offered in an attempt to get the players opponent to weaken his own defenses by capturing with a piece that had been in a good defensive position.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.fide.com/ FIDE] - World Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.uschess.org USCF] - United States Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.iccf.com/ ICCF] - International Correspondence Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.chess-players.org/eng/index.html ACP] - Association of Chess Professionals&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:board games]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=134607</id>
		<title>Chess</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=134607"/>
		<updated>2007-04-29T04:33:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: moved section for better placement&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Staunton chess set.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A typical chess set and tournament clock.]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Chess''' is a turn-based board game for two players, and is generally considered the most popular game in the world.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://50.lycos.com/082902.asp Equally Popular:Board Games], ''Lycos''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The goal of the game is to place the opposing king into ''checkmate'', that is, a position in which the king is attacked and cannot escape from this situation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not in the original game.  The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first.  Maneuvers such as castling or capturing en passant have been developed within the past few hundred years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world.  International competition, including world championship events, is organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]].  The current world champion is Russian Vladimir Kramnik.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess has its roots in [[India]], where locals played a game called Shaturanga. The earliest extant description of the game is contained in the [[Bhavishya Purana]], which dates from A.D. 300 to A.D. 600. Shaturanga used [[dice]], but [[Hinduism]] bans gambling.  As a result, the game of chess developed free from any dice or chance.  [[European]] travelers visited India in the 15th century, and brought back knowledge of the game, and modern chess was developed in southern Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Board==&lt;br /&gt;
The chess board is a square, divided into 64 smaller squares aranged in eight rows of eight.  The squares are alternating light and dark, with a light square in the bottom right hand corner.  A chess board is the same as a [[Checkers|checkerboard]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The horizontal rows of squares are refered to as &amp;quot;ranks&amp;quot; and the vertical rows are refered to as &amp;quot;files&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Pieces==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:StauntonPieces.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Staunton Style chess pieces. From left to right: King, Queen, Bishop, Knight, Rook, and Pawn.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Each player has a total of 16 pieces; 8 pawns, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 2 rooks, 1 queen, 1 king.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Relative Value of Pieces===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several different ideas about the relative value of the pieces.  It is important to note that the &amp;quot;points&amp;quot; used to assign a value to each piece are hypothetical and do not constitute a score.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The method most often used is:&lt;br /&gt;
*Pawn--1&lt;br /&gt;
*Knight--3 (some say 2.5)&lt;br /&gt;
*Bishop--3&lt;br /&gt;
*Rook--5&lt;br /&gt;
*Queen--9&lt;br /&gt;
*King--Priceless (although in an endgame, the King has an attacking power of about 3)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Style===&lt;br /&gt;
The most popular style of pieces are known as Staunton style pieces, the tournament standard for chess pieces, although other types exist. Often, popular themed chess sets will appear with characters from popular culture or fiction taking the places of the more common Staunton style pieces. These novelty pieces are not tournament sanctioned however, and can sometimes cause confusion during gameplay as to which piece is which.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Although chess pieces can come in a variety of materials, marble and glass tend to be very popular, but for most chess tournaments, simple plastic pieces are usually favored. Also, while many home chess sets use heavy boards made out of wood or stone or some polymer material, tournament boards are actually roll-able mats with the board printed on it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Gameplay ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The object of the game is to checkmate the other player's '''King''' before he checkmates your king.  When a pawn reaches the far side of the board, it may be promoted to any other piece (except a King).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*The players alternate moving until the game has ended.&lt;br /&gt;
*The player with the White pieces always moves first.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
The pieces move as follows.&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''pawn''' moves one square forward, except when moving from it's opening position, when it can optionally move two.  The pawn is the only piece that captures in a way different from the way it moves.  It captures opposing pieces by capturing one square diagonally forward.  When another piece is on the square directly in front of a pawn it cannot move unless it is making a capture.  &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''bishop''' can move as many squares as desired diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''knight''', which is the only piece that can jump over other pieces, moves one square in one straight direction and two in the other.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''rook''' can move as many squares as desired in a straight direction.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''queen''' is the most powerful piece in the board. It can move as many squares as desired (without jumping over another piece), either straight or diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''king''', which is the most important piece on the board, moves one square, either straight or diagonally.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Capturing====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All pieces except for the pawn capture along their lines of motion.  A capture is made by moving a piece to a square occupied by one of the opponent's pieces, and removing the opponent's piece from the board. If a piece can move to occupy the location of an opponent's piece, it can capture that piece.  The '''pawn''', can only capture by moving diagonally forward one square.  A piece is said to be undefended if it has no piece &amp;quot;supporting&amp;quot; its position - i.e., preventing an opponent from capturing it by threat of losing his attacking piece.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Special Moves====&lt;br /&gt;
*'''Castling'''- When a player has no pieces between a rook and his king, and he has not moved either piece, he can move the king two squares in the direction of the rook, and then place the rook on the square that the king passed over. A player cannot castle if the King is currently in check, would be in check after castling, or would move through a square which is under attack.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''en passant'''- French for &amp;quot;In passing.&amp;quot; In chess, if a player pushes his pawn far down to the end of the board, and his opponent pushes a starting pawn 2 spaces ahead, to put the pawn on the same row to avoid confrontation, the player may choose to invoke the &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; move, which treats the enemy pawn as though it had only moved one space. The player may capture diagonally on the square '''behind''' the enemy pawn, and remove the enemy pawn. The principle is that the two space rule for a pawn's first move cannot be used to avoid confrontation between two pawns. However, the player may only invoke &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; on the first turn after the opponent pushes his pawn. He cannot make it after than turn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The end of the game===&lt;br /&gt;
The game ends either with one player winning by checkmating his opponent's king, or in a draw with niether player winning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Checkmate====&lt;br /&gt;
Checkmate is achieved when the following conditions are met. &lt;br /&gt;
* The King is directly attacked by an opponent's piece. (Check) &lt;br /&gt;
* Every square that the King can move to is also attacked by an opponent's piece. &lt;br /&gt;
* The Piece that is attacking the King cannot be captured. &lt;br /&gt;
* Another Piece cannot be moved in between to cut off the attack on the King.&lt;br /&gt;
When the King is checkmated, The game is over, and the player who checkmated the other player's king is the winner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Draw====&lt;br /&gt;
There are several ways that the game can end in a draw. One of these is stalemate, which is described below. Additionally, the players can mutually agree to a draw, or a draw can be claimed if each player has made fifty consecutive moves without a pawn move or a capture, or if the same position has appeared on the board three times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Stalemate=====&lt;br /&gt;
A player is stalemated when he cannot make a legal move, and is not in check.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notation==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess notation is used to record the moves of a chess game.  This has several uses.  Notation can be used to record games for review at a later time.  There are two major methods of chess notation, Algebraic and Descriptive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Algebraic===&lt;br /&gt;
Algebraic is the more commonly used method of notation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Descriptive===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Strategy==&lt;br /&gt;
===Moves which win material===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several basic types of moves that win material.&lt;br /&gt;
====The Fork====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move which attacks 2 of his opponent's pieces simultaneously with one piece of his own, it is called a '''fork'''.  This forces his opponent to essentially, choose which piece he will lose.  Knights are especially adept at Forking because their method of movement allows them to attack any other kind of piece without being under attack from that piece.  Forks in which the enemy King is one of the pieces under attack are especially effective because they force the opponent to move the king, leaving no choice as to which piece to move. While the knight is the most adept at forking, all of the other pieces are capable of it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One example of the fork is called '''&amp;quot;The Pickle&amp;quot;'''.  A inexperienced player can be tricked into losing one of his rooks in the following manner.  You move your king pawn forward 2 squares.  Your opponent pushes his kings pawn up 2 squares as well. (the most common response) You move your queen out diagonally to the right all the way to the edge of the board. If the other player is ambitious, they will most likely advance the knight's pawn 1 square to attack your queen. At that point, you move to capture your opponent's king pawn with your queen. This will place the king in check, forcing him to block the check with a piece. Then, since he moved his knight's pawn, the path will be clear for you to capture the kings rook.  this sets you up with one of his rooks out of the way, and you have control over the center of the board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Pin====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move so that an opponent's piece is in between his attacking piece and another more valuable enemy piece, the move is called a '''&amp;quot;pin&amp;quot;'''.  Pinning creates a situation in which the opponent cannot move the piece in question without losing the more valuable piece behind it, effectively &amp;quot;pinning&amp;quot; the piece.  A pinned piece can be easily taken.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Skewer====&lt;br /&gt;
The Skewer is the opposite of the pin.  When a player makes a move so that an opponent's valuable piece is directly between his attacking piece and another of the opponents less valuable pieces it is called a skewer.  The Skewer forces the opponent to move his more valuable piece out of the way which allows the player to capture the less valuable piece behind it.  This especially effective when the King is the skewered piece because the it leaves the opponent with no choice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Other Strategy===&lt;br /&gt;
====Doubling Rooks====&lt;br /&gt;
Placing both Rooks together in a rank or file with no pieces in between is a powerful method of attack, because each rook defends the other.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Sacrificing====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player intentionally allows one of his own pieces to be taken in exchange for better position, this is called '''Sacrificing'''.  Often, the piece is offered in an attempt to get the players opponent to weaken his own defenses by capturing with a piece that had been in a good defensive position.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.fide.com/ FIDE] - World Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.uschess.org USCF] - United States Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.iccf.com/ ICCF] - International Correspondence Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.chess-players.org/eng/index.html ACP] - Association of Chess Professionals&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:board games]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=134602</id>
		<title>Chess</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Chess&amp;diff=134602"/>
		<updated>2007-04-29T04:30:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Value */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Staunton chess set.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A typical chess set and tournament clock.]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Chess''' is a turn-based board game for two players, and is generally considered the most popular game in the world.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://50.lycos.com/082902.asp Equally Popular:Board Games], ''Lycos''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The goal of the game is to place the opposing king into ''checkmate'', that is, a position in which the king is attacked and cannot escape from this situation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not in the original game.  The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first.  Maneuvers such as castling or capturing en passant have been developed within the past few hundred years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world.  International competition, including world championship events, is organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]].  The current world champion is Russian Vladimir Kramnik.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess has its roots in [[India]], where locals played a game called Shaturanga. The earliest extant description of the game is contained in the [[Bhavishya Purana]], which dates from A.D. 300 to A.D. 600. Shaturanga used [[dice]], but [[Hinduism]] bans gambling.  As a result, the game of chess developed free from any dice or chance.  [[European]] travelers visited India in the 15th century, and brought back knowledge of the game, and modern chess was developed in southern Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Board==&lt;br /&gt;
The chess board is a square, divided into 64 smaller squares aranged in eight rows of eight.  The squares are alternating light and dark, with a light square in the bottom right hand corner.  A chess board is the same as a [[Checkers|checkerboard]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The horizontal rows of squares are refered to as &amp;quot;ranks&amp;quot; and the vertical rows are refered to as &amp;quot;files&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Pieces==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:StauntonPieces.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Staunton Style chess pieces. From left to right: King, Queen, Bishop, Knight, Rook, and Pawn.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Each player has a total of 16 pieces; 8 pawns, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 2 rooks, 1 queen, 1 king.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Style===&lt;br /&gt;
The most popular style of pieces are known as Staunton style pieces, the tournament standard for chess pieces, although other types exist. Often, popular themed chess sets will appear with characters from popular culture or fiction taking the places of the more common Staunton style pieces. These novelty pieces are not tournament sanctioned however, and can sometimes cause confusion during gameplay as to which piece is which.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Although chess pieces can come in a variety of materials, marble and glass tend to be very popular, but for most chess tournaments, simple plastic pieces are usually favored. Also, while many home chess sets use heavy boards made out of wood or stone or some polymer material, tournament boards are actually roll-able mats with the board printed on it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Gameplay ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The object of the game is to checkmate the other player's '''King''' before he checkmates your king.  When a pawn reaches the far side of the board, it may be promoted to any other piece (except a King).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*The players alternate moving until the game has ended.&lt;br /&gt;
*The player with the White pieces always moves first.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
The pieces move as follows.&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''pawn''' moves one square forward, except when moving from it's opening position, when it can optionally move two.  The pawn is the only piece that captures in a way different from the way it moves.  It captures opposing pieces by capturing one square diagonally forward.  When another piece is on the square directly in front of a pawn it cannot move unless it is making a capture.  &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''bishop''' can move as many squares as desired diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''knight''', which is the only piece that can jump over other pieces, moves one square in one straight direction and two in the other.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''rook''' can move as many squares as desired in a straight direction.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''queen''' is the most powerful piece in the board. It can move as many squares as desired (without jumping over another piece), either straight or diagonally.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The '''king''', which is the most important piece on the board, moves one square, either straight or diagonally.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Capturing====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All pieces except for the pawn capture along their lines of motion.  A capture is made by moving a piece to a square occupied by one of the opponent's pieces, and removing the opponent's piece from the board. If a piece can move to occupy the location of an opponent's piece, it can capture that piece.  The '''pawn''', can only capture by moving diagonally forward one square.  A piece is said to be undefended if it has no piece &amp;quot;supporting&amp;quot; its position - i.e., preventing an opponent from capturing it by threat of losing his attacking piece.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Special Moves====&lt;br /&gt;
*'''Castling'''- When a player has no pieces between a rook and his king, and he has not moved either piece, he can move the king two squares in the direction of the rook, and then place the rook on the square that the king passed over. A player cannot castle if the King is currently in check, would be in check after castling, or would move through a square which is under attack.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''en passant'''- French for &amp;quot;In passing.&amp;quot; In chess, if a player pushes his pawn far down to the end of the board, and his opponent pushes a starting pawn 2 spaces ahead, to put the pawn on the same row to avoid confrontation, the player may choose to invoke the &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; move, which treats the enemy pawn as though it had only moved one space. The player may capture diagonally on the square '''behind''' the enemy pawn, and remove the enemy pawn. The principle is that the two space rule for a pawn's first move cannot be used to avoid confrontation between two pawns. However, the player may only invoke &amp;quot;en passant&amp;quot; on the first turn after the opponent pushes his pawn. He cannot make it after than turn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The end of the game===&lt;br /&gt;
The game ends either with one player winning by checkmating his opponent's king, or in a draw with niether player winning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Checkmate====&lt;br /&gt;
Checkmate is achieved when the following conditions are met. &lt;br /&gt;
* The King is directly attacked by an opponent's piece. (Check) &lt;br /&gt;
* Every square that the King can move to is also attacked by an opponent's piece. &lt;br /&gt;
* The Piece that is attacking the King cannot be captured. &lt;br /&gt;
* Another Piece cannot be moved in between to cut off the attack on the King.&lt;br /&gt;
When the King is checkmated, The game is over, and the player who checkmated the other player's king is the winner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Draw====&lt;br /&gt;
There are several ways that the game can end in a draw. One of these is stalemate, which is described below. Additionally, the players can mutually agree to a draw, or a draw can be claimed if each player has made fifty consecutive moves without a pawn move or a capture, or if the same position has appeared on the board three times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=====Stalemate=====&lt;br /&gt;
A player is stalemated when he cannot make a legal move, and is not in check.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notation==&lt;br /&gt;
Chess notation is used to record the moves of a chess game.  This has several uses.  Notation can be used to record games for review at a later time.  There are two major methods of chess notation, Algebraic and Descriptive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Algebraic===&lt;br /&gt;
Algebraic is the more commonly used method of notation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Descriptive===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Strategy==&lt;br /&gt;
===Moves which win material===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several basic types of moves that win material.&lt;br /&gt;
====The Fork====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move which attacks 2 of his opponent's pieces simultaneously with one piece of his own, it is called a '''fork'''.  This forces his opponent to essentially, choose which piece he will lose.  Knights are especially adept at Forking because their method of movement allows them to attack any other kind of piece without being under attack from that piece.  Forks in which the enemy King is one of the pieces under attack are especially effective because they force the opponent to move the king, leaving no choice as to which piece to move. While the knight is the most adept at forking, all of the other pieces are capable of it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One example of the fork is called '''&amp;quot;The Pickle&amp;quot;'''.  A inexperienced player can be tricked into losing one of his rooks in the following manner.  You move your king pawn forward 2 squares.  Your opponent pushes his kings pawn up 2 squares as well. (the most common response) You move your queen out diagonally to the right all the way to the edge of the board. If the other player is ambitious, they will most likely advance the knight's pawn 1 square to attack your queen. At that point, you move to capture your opponent's king pawn with your queen. This will place the king in check, forcing him to block the check with a piece. Then, since he moved his knight's pawn, the path will be clear for you to capture the kings rook.  this sets you up with one of his rooks out of the way, and you have control over the center of the board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Pin====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player makes a move so that an opponent's piece is in between his attacking piece and another more valuable enemy piece, the move is called a '''&amp;quot;pin&amp;quot;'''.  Pinning creates a situation in which the opponent cannot move the piece in question without losing the more valuable piece behind it, effectively &amp;quot;pinning&amp;quot; the piece.  A pinned piece can be easily taken.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The Skewer====&lt;br /&gt;
The Skewer is the opposite of the pin.  When a player makes a move so that an opponent's valuable piece is directly between his attacking piece and another of the opponents less valuable pieces it is called a skewer.  The Skewer forces the opponent to move his more valuable piece out of the way which allows the player to capture the less valuable piece behind it.  This especially effective when the King is the skewered piece because the it leaves the opponent with no choice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Other Strategy===&lt;br /&gt;
====Doubling Rooks====&lt;br /&gt;
Placing both Rooks together in a rank or file with no pieces in between is a powerful method of attack, because each rook defends the other.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Sacrificing====&lt;br /&gt;
When a player intentionally allows one of his own pieces to be taken in exchange for better position, this is called '''Sacrificing'''.  Often, the piece is offered in an attempt to get the players opponent to weaken his own defenses by capturing with a piece that had been in a good defensive position.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Relative Value of Pieces===&lt;br /&gt;
There are several different ideas about the relative value of the pieces.  It is important to note that the &amp;quot;points&amp;quot; used to assign a value to each piece are hypothetical and do not constitute a score.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The method most often used is:&lt;br /&gt;
*Pawn--1&lt;br /&gt;
*Knight--3 (some say 2.5)&lt;br /&gt;
*Bishop--3&lt;br /&gt;
*Rook--5&lt;br /&gt;
*Queen--9&lt;br /&gt;
*King--Priceless (although in an endgame, the King has an attacking power of about 3)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.fide.com/ FIDE] - World Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.uschess.org USCF] - United States Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.iccf.com/ ICCF] - International Correspondence Chess Federation&lt;br /&gt;
:[http://www.chess-players.org/eng/index.html ACP] - Association of Chess Professionals&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:board games]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Homophobia&amp;diff=133588</id>
		<title>Talk:Homophobia</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Homophobia&amp;diff=133588"/>
		<updated>2007-04-28T18:09:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: /* Dictionary definitions */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Intro ==&lt;br /&gt;
This phrase,&lt;br /&gt;
*''akin to racism and sexism.''&lt;br /&gt;
has been removed. People are not born homosexual as they are born a certain race or sex, and we will be happy to destroy any [[junk science]] citations that make that claim.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:36, 23 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The issue of whether people are born homosexual or not does not affect the fundamental similarities between discrimination in terms of gender, race and sexuality. If you want to make an argument for why discrimination based on sexuality is o.k, where as the other two are not, then go ahead and make it and we can discuss whether your right. Otherwise, don't confuse the issues. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 12:42, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The question of whether one is born homosexual is certainly not a settled matter, in EITHER direction. Your claims of junk science not withstanding. Still, as Orgone points out it is immaterial to the comparison. Would you not consider discrimination against someone based on their religion to be &amp;quot;akin to racism and sexism&amp;quot;? One is not &amp;quot;born Catholic&amp;quot; for example, one has to choose it... how is that any different from your argument? [[User:QNA|QNA]] 13:01, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Deletions?==&lt;br /&gt;
Wow, within the last few minutes almost all of the article has been deleted. I thought it was a lot more useful with all that detail and the example of the murder of a homosexual. Why was all of that deleted? I'm not sure the super-conciseness of the article in its current state is in lines with Conservapedia standards. It should be at least longer than a sentence. [[User:Ylmw21|Ylmw21]] 23:48, 23 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Murder? Show a diff, or you are walking dangerously close to trolling. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:10, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Indeed! The article was starting to take shape before the ever predictable hand of Conservative came in. Why did you delete all of that valid information Conservative? Surely you should have posted on the discussion page '''first''' before simply deleteing it? [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 12:14, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Fresh start==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Article should distinguish betweeen&lt;br /&gt;
#Accusations of &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; against someone who (A) says that homosexuality is forbidden by the Bible or a church; (B) says that homosexuals can become straight with counseling; or (C) makes any other general statement about homosexuality&lt;br /&gt;
#Adverse actions taken against individuals, such as literal [[gay-bashing]], i.e., beating up homosexuals for &amp;quot;looking or acting queer&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another related topic could be [[Discrimination against homosexuals]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But we should not adopt the [[gay rights]] perspective which deliberately conflates irrational fear and hatred of people with principled objections to sin. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 12:49, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Assuming homosexuality is a sin, which not all do. Moreover, does that mean the same people fear and hate &amp;quot;fornicators&amp;quot; the same as homosexuals? I think not. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 12:51, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Oh, Colin, I haven't even gotten started yet. I'm planning to open up Pandora's box and jump inside with a big can of DDT. ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 12:54, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Ed regarding your first point, why do we need more than a sentence to distinguish between those things? Why not incorporate it into what was there already. Your second point seems to support my point that Conservative should not have deleted the example I gave of an homophobic attack. I don't think a fresh start is needed and we should work with what is already here! [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 12:59, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The science==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here's a cite and some material, [http://www.narth.com/docs/coll-breiner.html HOMOPHOBIA: A Scientific Non-Political Definition], Dr. Sander J. Breiner, National Association for Research and Theraphy on Homosexuality, 2003.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''There is no personal, internal, institutional, or cultural homophobia. The terms do not exist in the recognized scientific literature, as described earlier. There is only one homophobia, which has been properly defined. ... Blumenfeld and others are doing the same with the term homophobia. Their purpose may be sincere and in some contexts useful. However, the approach is unscientific and not useful in the diagnostic/therapeutic sphere. It can even be used by some individuals in an anti-therapeutic manner. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''Calling all responses to homosexuality other than it &amp;quot;is a normal sexual variation&amp;quot; as homophobic is anti-scientific and decidedly anti-therapeutic. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''There is no doubt that homophobia exists. There is also no doubt that there are rationalized and irrational anti-homosexual attitudes. However, it would be very valuable for society in general, and therapists in particular, to have a clear picture of homophobia separated from all the other topics that have been lumped under that rubric. With this in mind, let us examine the topic of homophobia, as would be correctly defined and limited as a true phobic reaction.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IOW, homphobia is psychiatric diagnosis, i.e. they are [[handicapped]] persons, and it appears  [[bigot]]s are intent upon systematically persecuting and discriminating against these handicapped victims.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:26, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Nonsense, are you joking? Tell me your being sarcastic! There may be nothing inherently immoral with homo'''phobia''' ''per se'', just as there is nothing inherently immoral in '''any phobia''', like arachnophobia, say. But there ''is'' a problem with the discriminatory behavior which may be caused by homophobia, and in condemning this behavior you are not: &amp;quot;''systematically persecuting and discriminating against handicapped victims.&amp;quot;'', in the same way that pyromania may be a psychiatric diagnosis, but in condemning people who go around setting fire to buildings, people are not being bigots, they are just pointing out that burning people and their possessions is wrong. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 13:56, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*''there ''is'' a problem with the discriminatory behavior which may be caused by homophobia''&lt;br /&gt;
:This is a diagnosable psychiatric condition.  They are ''legally'' handicapped.  Persecuting them is discrimination.&lt;br /&gt;
*''pyromania may be a psychiatric diagnosis''&lt;br /&gt;
:Not all pyromaniacs are [[arson]]ists, just as not all homophobes commit crimes of violence, either.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:04, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree that persecuting someone because of a psychiatric condition is discrimination. It is not persecution, however, to disagree with discriminatory behavior, no matter what its motive. In which case i support the creation of an article for homophobia as a psychiatric condition, and a separate article dealing with discrimination against homosexuals in general. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 14:18, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Surely by creating a page that deals soley with the psychiatric condition and neglects to mention discrimination is like giving homophobes an excuse to discriminate against homosexuals! Why do we always need two articles, one to describe the subject matter, one to slander the idea with all contentious issues on this site. There is no reason these two things cannot be included on the same page. [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 14:24, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Orgone nailed the issue. And something should probably be said about the discrimination homophobes have suffered, and the utter insensitivity of thier oppressors in trying to criminalize mentally handicap people.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:28, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I should point out that while homophobia may be considered a psychiatric diagnosis by some, i personally don't see that as '''any kind of excuse''' on behalf of homophobes for discriminatory behavior against homosexuals. In other words, for me the separation of the articles would be a technical thing, because its true that not all homophobes ''necessarily'' discriminate against homosexuals. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 14:42, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::RobS, in comparison to the discrimination of homosexuals by homophobes, the discrimination against homphobes is negligible. Name one case of an &amp;quot;anti-homophobic&amp;quot; attack! Orgone, whether '''all''' homophobes discrimnate against homosexuals or not, discrimination happens. Any article that tackles homophobia must talk about the discrimination that homophobia causes. I am not saying we should put a theme through the article saying &amp;quot;homophobia is bad&amp;quot; I'm merely saying that the two are not just related issues, they are indeed the same issue. [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 15:01, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::MatteeNeutra, I agree that fundamentally they are the same issue, because i believe that homophobia is the ultimate source of all discrimination against homosexuals (even if it gets dressed up in religious doctrines or cultural traditions over time, see the [http://www.eve-tribune.com/index.php?no=1_26&amp;amp;page=4 classic monkey experiment].) But for the purposes of this website, where people want to separate off psychological causes for their own reasons, it probably makes sense to concede this ground and fight them elsewhere. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 18:07, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Odd, how on the [[Evolution]] articles all we here is how holy and undefiable science is; then when we prove how a scientific term and medical diagnosis was hijacked to serve a poltical agenda, science can take a back seat to stereotypes and prejudices.  The irony of it all.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 19:18, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Not really, a truly empirical, scientific approach would draw out the links between the  cultural and sociological phenomenon of discrimination against homosexuals, and its root cause in the individual psychological phenomenon of homophobia. However, your emphasis on treating cause so separately from effect seems to be just to leave room for other causes of discrimination against homosexuals, namely so-called moral objections of the type Ed Poor calls &amp;quot;principled objections to sin&amp;quot;. To argue on this website that these sorts of religious doctrines are merely cultural constructs which originate from human psychology, and not moral absolutes which come direct from God, would be to fight a loosing battle. Please forgive me if I'm attributing a more malign intent behind your line of argument than is really there, but thats the way it appears to me. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 21:19, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::In the mid to late 70s, the American Psychiatric Association, through whatever it's internal processes, decided  to stop considering homosexuality a disease.  They based this decision upon decades of research that essentially maintained the root cause of a homosexuals psychiatric problems was stigmatization and being an outcast.  So the new form of treatment, i.e. not calling it a disease at all, was meant to &amp;quot;normalize&amp;quot; or embrace the homosexual, accept him as he is.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::When this occured, it was not a unanimous decision among psychiatrists.  Neither did dissenters in the psychiatric profession have their licenses pulled, or treated as quakes, who held to the  view homosexuality was a treatable disorder.  However, the profession does not recognize the diagnosis of homosexuality as a disease.  When homosexuality was &amp;quot;normalized&amp;quot;, the doctor essentially told the patient to go home because he was cured now.  Nonetheless, a few still showed up the following week and said, &amp;quot;Doc, I don't feel cured, and I need help&amp;quot;.  So doctors who dissented from the decision to &amp;quot;normalize&amp;quot; homosexuality, in order to avoid practicing quack medicine and get their licenses pulled, returned to the textbooks to find what the patients problem was.  And phobias, like homophobia, are still psychiatric diseases recognized by the APA and still on the books.  It was discovered in many cases, the patient didn't like himself, so the diagnosis of homophobia has virtually taken the place for many who prior to the 70s were diagnosed with the disease of homosexuality.  It's not hard to see how in actual fact, homophobia-bashing is simply another form of gay-bashing.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:44, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::Ok, i can see now how we got in to this cycle of debate, there are a lot of issues at stake here, some of a real Chicken-and-Egg style: Is someone unhappy because they are homosexual ''per se'', or unhappy because they are ''made to feel'' unhappy about being homosexual? How far is homophobia linked to latent-homosexuality? Is the diagnosis of homosexuality as a disease in itself an anti-homosexual phenomenon? Where do we draw the line between proximal psychological causes of discrimination against homosexuals (homophobia) and distal cultural causes of discrimination against homosexuals (anti-homosexualism in general)? How far is homophobia linked to direct anti-homosexual behavior? These are all controversial issues, all i can say is that I disagree profoundly with the idea that homosexuality is in itself a disease, and the idea that it is ok to discriminate against homosexuals. These principles are not incompatible with the idea that homophobia is a psychological diagnosis. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 23:55, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::: That is all very good analysis and you have an excenllent grasp of the issues.  And you're a good writer.  Homosexuality has not been recognized as a diagnosis now since 1973 or sometime thereafter; it still was criminal conduct in many states and localities into the 1980s (and is criminal in many Western &amp;amp; non-Western nations still).  Prior to the APA dropping the diagnosis, gays had the double whammy -- it was considered a disease ''and'' it was crime.  &amp;quot;Legalization&amp;quot; came shortly after &amp;quot;normalization&amp;quot; by the medical community.  But I think you can see, many profoundly disturbed psyciatric patients were not cured simply the day after the APA dropped the diagnosis.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::: Homophobia is a recognized diagnosis, however it is not a crime.  This abstract [http://www.springerlink.com/content/n0264m864t146585/ here] says,&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::::'' existing measures of homophobia have been inadequately psychometrically evaluated and therefore it is not clear whether currently this construct can be accurately measured. It is also concluded that the construct of homophobia, as it is usually used, makes an illegitimately pejorative evaluation of certain open and debatable value positions, much like the former disease construct of homosexuality.''&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::::translated means, while homophobia remains a recognized diagnosis in the psychiatric community, there is no overall agreement on what it is, and it is concluded ''the misuse'' of the term making it an ''illegitimate pejorative'' is reminisent of the old days when the APA felt the diagnosis of homosexuals added to their stigmatization, which was cause of all the problems in the first place.  And being stigmatized, they were abused with pejoritives making them outcasts.  The way ''homophobia'' is used today as a pejoritive, is much like the bad old days. And not by coincidence, true homophobes are most likely to be homosexuals themselves.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:23, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::This requires studying sources such as the link provided above; while homosexuality is no loner considered a mental disease (as it once was by the APA), phobias, and specifically homophobia ''still'' is considered as diagnosiable mental condition by the American Psycriatric Asscociation. Now, here is the kicker: most diagnosed homophobes are so-called &amp;quot;latent homosexuals&amp;quot;, their fear of homosexuals being personal, i.e. that they may cross the line from latent attraction into an active homosexual lifestyle.  In this sense, psyciatrists are ''still'' &amp;quot;treating&amp;quot; homosexuals, not homosexuality as a mental disease, but latent homosexuals fear of acting on their impulses.  This is the true, scientific, and medical description of the disease.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::What we've experienced in recent years, however, is a media and political campaign to shame people with a medical condition.  And an investigation will most likely reveal, the term has been misused.  The people who allegedly &amp;quot;discriminate&amp;quot;, in most cases (1) have not been diagnosed, (2) are probably '''''not''''' textbook homophobes.  Effectively what's happened is, a certifiable mental condition, for poltical purposes, has been turned into an attack term. And many of those accused of &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot;, are nothing of the sort.  ''Why'' this has happened, I can present musings and theories, but let's just stick to the facts of the definitions of terms, and the science to support them.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:23, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Yes, I do see what youre getting out. Differentiating the clinically diagnosed homophobes from the people who (for want of a better phrase) don't like queers! Homophobe is now in common usage to describe the latter of those two. Perhaps an in depth definition of the psychiatric condition could be put forward on a separate page while we deal with the common usage here. This is, after all, the page that people will search for and if people want to read about the clinical condition they should be directed there. [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 15:34, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::Exactly.  The problem here is, turning a certifiable mental condition into a politcal attack term may itself be discrimintation against the mentally handicapped.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:38, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::The use of the term in itself is not so much a &amp;quot;political attack term&amp;quot; but a method in which to identify a distinct group of people who hold a certain viewpoint. I doubt many self confessed homophobes think of themselves having a clinical problem! People hear the common usage all the time and most people will not be aware of the clinical connotations of the word. Therefore, does it not make sense to portray the common usage on the Homophobia page and put a clear direct to the article describing the clinical condition at the top of the Homophobia page?&lt;br /&gt;
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::::::On a side note, this all seems a bit pointless considering Ed Poor is apparently about to go to town on this article! [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 15:48, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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(undent)RobS, what's your source for stating that homophobia is a clinical diagnosis?  It's not a specific diagnosis according to the APA diagnostic manual.  It could fall under Specific Phobia, but there's no diagnosis of homphobia.  And for someone to meet the criteria for that diagnosis, they'd need (a) marked, persistent fear that's excessive and unreasonable of gay people (b) exposure to gay people would provoke an immediate and fairly severe anxiety response (c) they'd have to recognize it as an unreasonable fear (d) it would have to interfere with daily functioning, among other things.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 16:13, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Murray, see cite at the top of this subhead ==The science==&lt;br /&gt;
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:MatteeNeutra, This proves an interesting test case; there apparantly is a difference between &amp;quot;common usage&amp;quot;, and &amp;quot;liberal common usage&amp;quot;, but I do not wish to derail a constructive discussion with partisan politics.  Point is, the so-called &amp;quot;common usage&amp;quot; is a misnomer.  And it was done by certain agenda driven groups, with the assistance of a sympathetic agenda driven media &amp;amp; entertainment industry, and probably even academics. Our purpose here at CP is not to rubber stamp causes like this, or to promote discrimination and criminalization of a certifiably mentally-handicapped condition.  Quite the contrary, our Commandments require us to use facts, not common misnomers.&lt;br /&gt;
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:Now, let's discuss some of these dissenting concerns, and use an illustration.  In the Matthew Shepard case for instance, Shepard's convicted killer I beleive may have been diagnosed as a genuine homophobe, and while we don't have access to his medical records, this may be a case were a latent homosexual homophobe acted violently.  Perhaps now we understand one reason it is considered a mental illness by the American Psyciatric Association.  But that still is not to say all homophobes are violent homophobes.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:22, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Thanks Rob.  For clarity's sake, this is not an official psychiatric diagnosis.  [[User:Murray|Murray]] 22:56, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Phobia's are an official psychiatric diagnosis, of which homophobia is still recognized as one.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:03, 25 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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So I've been talking with Rob on the 'ol e-mail, and my argument on this is (1) the science is sketchy, and all I can see is the abstract of a potentially useful article, which isn't enough to judge, and (2) assuming ''arguendo'' that homophobia is a mental illness, it is first of all, not immutable, so discriminating against it is fine, unless you concede that homosexuality is immutable, and then we can talk, or second, that discriminating against those with mental illnesses is something that can be done under the Constitution if the discrimination is narrow, and based on legitimate state interests.  Advancing gay rights, for example, may have the incidental impact of discriminating against homophobes; but, discrimination requires an intent to discriminate, not a pursuit of a course of action in spite of discriminatory impact.  So there's not really a lot that would ever qualify as discriminating against homophobes.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 10:42, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== current revision ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Tells us what homophobia is not.  Most encyclopaedic.&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree, EdPoor generated the impression that when the article returned it would be in a substantial form, which i presumed to mean the main issue and subsequent issues would be as fully and clearly explicated, argued and sourced as possible, whats there now is ''worse'' than nothing. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 16:55, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Orgone, you got a good grasp and write very well, why don't you take the lead here.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:09, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Im just starting my final exams at the moment, but they will be over in about two weeks, and then i could work on it properly. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 15:09, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Definition==&lt;br /&gt;
Here's a good definition and supporting cite,&lt;br /&gt;
*''The term &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; is often used inaccurately to describe any person who objects to homosexual behavior on either moral, psychological or medical grounds. Technically, however, the terms actually denotes a person who has a phobia--or irrational fear--of homosexuality. Principled disagreement, therefore, cannot be labeled &amp;quot;homophobia.&amp;quot; ''[http://www.narth.com/menus/positionstatements.html]  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:26, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:NARTH isn't authoritative or objective; it's an anti-gay think tank.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:28, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: The trouble is that principled disagreement often is labeled homophobia. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 14:40, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::That's right.  We need the clear definition that principled disagreement ''is not'' homophobia right in the intro.  Homophobia is a phobia -- a diagnosible medical condition -- not hate speech or a crime.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:46, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::: No, there no diagnosable medical condition called homophobia. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 15:45, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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There is no such thing as principled discrimination.  &amp;quot;Principled disagreement&amp;quot; based on Biblical interpretation used to be the basis for racism and sexism too, but they're still called racism &amp;amp; sexism.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:53, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Principeled discriminition?  Are you refering to ''rational'' discrimination against gays, or liberals who wish to criminalize a medical condition?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:19, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Do you believe there is such a thing as ''rational'' discrimination against homosexuals? [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 15:33, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: Sure, and there is rational racism and sexism also. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 15:45, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::: Merely ''rationalized'', or cogent, rational, truly and fully justified forms of negative discrimination against people on the basis of their race, gender, or sexuality? [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 16:07, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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There is such thing as rationalized homophobia; but that's not a defensible, moral position.  Roger, do NOT, EVER use such offensive terminology as &amp;quot;F****t&amp;quot; on CP again.  I will report you for even including it in the article.  You won't get banned because you're Andy's brother, but you should.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 16:30, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Rob, your compromise was good for the first half.  Good job!  The second half I edited a bit.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 16:36, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: AmesG, do you think that &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot; is more offensive than &amp;quot;homophobic&amp;quot;? Why? [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 17:26, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Roger, &amp;quot;f----t&amp;quot; is the modern equivalent of &amp;quot;n----r,&amp;quot; conveying a moral opprobrium based merely on status.  It is an expression of bigotry and hatred.  &amp;quot;Homophobic,&amp;quot; rather, is a term describing the perspective that engenders the first term, much as the term &amp;quot;bigot&amp;quot; relates to the term &amp;quot;n----r.&amp;quot;  I'm sure you can fill in the dashes, because I would not be so tasteless as to spell out the actual word.&lt;br /&gt;
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Please also contain your ridiculous comments about the &amp;quot;homosexual agenda.&amp;quot;  The idea of a group working collectively, in secret, and evilly, is preposterous, unsupportable, and a conspiracy theory that rivals even your commonly overreaching assumptions.  I would read the &amp;quot;homosexual agenda&amp;quot; article, but it's been locked to prevent opposing viewpoints, since long ago, where I first voiced my criticism of it.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:24, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:RobS, I don't get the import of the quotes you've added.  They don't seem to say that homophobia isn't bad; just that it isn't as bad as liberals make it sound?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:42, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Rob, I don't get it, but I added a comment at the end that seems to put it in context.  Maybe?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:43, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Stop Editorializing ==&lt;br /&gt;
It's an encyclopedia, Roger, not your blog.  Go back to Dark Buzz.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:27, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Who uses the term to describe an irrational fear? [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 14:32, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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That's the def. of the Greek suffix.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:55, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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AmesG, there is no doubt that the term &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; is used to promote the [[homosexual agenda]]. If you don't believe that there is such an agenda, then see the article on the subject. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 20:22, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Answered above.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:24, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Rational or irrational, it's still valid. &amp;quot;Phobia&amp;quot; means &amp;quot;fear of&amp;quot;. So yes, if you fear gay people, then homophobia exists. ''homo''=same (for this context, same-sex), ''phobia''=fear of, so ''homophobia''=fear of gays. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:27, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Compromise! ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Rob &amp;amp; Roger, I made a compromise edit that I think takes stock of your suggestion, gives my reply, and does it in a good format.  Good?-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:49, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:It's taking shape. Perhaps in a third subhead (once these two get a little more information), we can have a sort of a discussion format with rebuttals to the varying views.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:11, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: No. Most of the changes do not say what homophobia is, or how the term is used. They only add confusion. I favor reverting. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 21:44, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The changes that I thought were confusing were Rob's, but I think they're better in context, and less partisan.  But you wouldn't favor being less partisan, obviously.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 21:47, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Roger, The problem is, there is no agreement within the therautic psychriatic and psychological professions on use of the term (&amp;quot;psychometric measurement&amp;quot;, as O'Donohue and Caselles refer to it).  So the default position is, phobias, (and Brainer argues homophobia is one) are still on the books defined as diagnosible and treatable disorders.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:53, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: I don't think that anyone uses the term &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; to mean a diagnosable phobia. Brainer  has his own psychoanalytic theorizing, but his quote is not particularly helpful. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 22:14, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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That's Rob's argument.  Not mine.  I've argued with him on it, and decided that it'd be more useful to put it in than to keep fighting about it.  I don't agree with it, but now it has &amp;quot;equal time.&amp;quot;-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:30, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The article is a mess. It says &amp;quot;Conservatives allege&amp;quot; as if the point were under dispute. It quotes Breiner on &amp;quot;There is only one homophobia&amp;quot;, but fails to say what it is. The sentence on O'Donohue and Caselles contradicts the actual quote by referring to a disorder. The section on discrimination is incoherent and has no support. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 01:10, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I'll add support for the discrimination point.  The disorder stuff is Rob's, though, and there is dispute.  Rob and I agreed on this, we like it the way it is.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 01:13, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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How dare you disrupt the agreement we reached!  I'm reverting; I also gave a cite, which is what you asked for.  And &amp;quot;conservatives allege&amp;quot; was removed, too - this was an attempt to include your wishes, too!-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 01:24, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Your disregard for decorum is shocking.  I'm out for the night, but I trust RobS will resume this tomorrow.  Please give reasons for your reverts, and while you're doing it, try to remember that Jesus Christ loved all equally.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 01:31, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: No, I did not disrupt any agreement, and you did not support the discrimination point. You added 3 references, but none of them even mention homophobia. I explained my changes above. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 02:21, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== No edit warring please. ==&lt;br /&gt;
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AmesG and Rschlafly, please discuss it, don't edit war.  if a decision can't be reached between you, then you should agree to let someone else decide, or &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;*gasp*&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt; take it to the panel. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 01:33, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Dictionary definitions==&lt;br /&gt;
Dictionaries aren't always right, but what we write should be informed by them; and when we say something ''different'' from what dictionaries say, it shouldn't just hang unsupported in a vacuum; there ought to be some kind of backing or justification.&lt;br /&gt;
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ho·mo·pho·bi·a&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
NOUN:	1. Fear of or contempt for lesbians and gay men. 2. Behavior based on such a feeling. [http://www.bartleby.com/61/90/H0259000.html AHD online]&lt;br /&gt;
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Main Entry:	ho·mo·pho·bia &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Function:	noun&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexuality or homosexuals [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/homophobia Merriam-Webster online]&lt;br /&gt;
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fag·got&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
NOUN:	Offensive Slang Used as a disparaging term for a homosexual man. [http://www.bartleby.com/61/11/F0011100.html AHD online]&lt;br /&gt;
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Main Entry:	fag·got &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Function:	noun&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Etymology:	earlier and dialect, contemptuous word for a woman or child, probably from &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;fagot&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
usually disparaging : a male homosexual [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/faggot Merriam-Webster online]&lt;br /&gt;
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Observations 1: One dictionary describes the word &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot; as &amp;quot;offensive,&amp;quot; one as &amp;quot;usually disparaging.&amp;quot; Neither makes any such comment about the word &amp;quot;homophobia.&amp;quot; The evidence of these two dictionaries would not support equating the two words as in &amp;quot;The term is considered offensive, like the term 'faggot.'&amp;quot; Therefore, it should not go in unsupported, as being obvious or well-known. &lt;br /&gt;
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Regardless of dictionaries, something is offensive if someone is offended by it, so I'd support the inclusion of a remark about &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; being offensive if, and only if, some good backing for that statement can be provided. &lt;br /&gt;
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2. The article says &amp;quot;The suffix 'phobia' suggests an irrational fear, but that is not how the term is used.&amp;quot; Since both dictionary definitions ''lead off with'' &amp;quot;fear of&amp;quot; (AHD) or &amp;quot;irrational fear of&amp;quot; (Merriam-Webster), it would seem that the dictionary editors judge that that ''is'' how the term is used. Therefore, if we say that is ''not'' how it is used, some evidence for that ought to be provided. &lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 13:05, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:The cite in the article [http://www.narth.com/docs/creates.html] explains how this [[neologism]] came into American English, extracted,&lt;br /&gt;
::Professor Gregory M. Herek, Ph.D., published &amp;quot;Beyond 'Homophobia': Thinking About Sexual Prejudice and Stigma in the Twenty-First Century,&amp;quot; in the April, 2004, issue of Sexuality Research &amp;amp; Social Policy.&lt;br /&gt;
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::...In his paper on homophobia, stigma, and sexual prejudice, Dr. Herek suggests that although the term &amp;quot;homophobia&amp;quot; was useful in pushing forward the gay agenda in our culture, the term may be too limited in its scope today.&lt;br /&gt;
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::Herek describes in detail how the term homophobia was invented in 1965 by Dr. George Weinberg and later popularized in his writings in the 1970s. According to Herek, Weinberg helped mainstream the idea of homophobia with the help of two gay activists, Jack Nichols and Lige Clarke. They first used the term in the pornography magazine ''Screw'', edited by Al Goldstein.&lt;br /&gt;
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:I don't see how dictionary definitions, based upon a neologism that came from ''Screw'' magazine, have any authenticity in an encylopedic entry.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:47, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I'm not I'm understanding your point [[User:RobS|RobS]]. The [http://www.narth.com/docs/creates.html| cite] provided the history of the neologism...Is it your objection that the term was not first coined by an reputable source? What is being given more weight: the  '''history''' of the neologism ''or'' the '''source''' of the history? --[[User:Rob Pommer| Rob Pommer]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:09, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Sysop_Pledge2&amp;diff=133380</id>
		<title>Template:Sysop Pledge2</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Sysop_Pledge2&amp;diff=133380"/>
		<updated>2007-04-28T16:28:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: Undo revision 133370 by Special:Contributions/Slightlygrumpy (User talk:Slightlygrumpy)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 550px; text-align: center; border: 1px solid #999; background: #ccc; margin: .5em auto .5em auto; padding: 5px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''Sysop Pledge'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;As a Conservapedia Sysop, '''''I will never arbitrarily block anyone who is not in violation of the [[Conservapedia Commandments]], and related CP Guidelines.'''''&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=James_Monroe&amp;diff=133245</id>
		<title>James Monroe</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=James_Monroe&amp;diff=133245"/>
		<updated>2007-04-28T15:08:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: &lt;/p&gt;
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!colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;color: white; height: 30px; background: maroon no-repeat scroll top left;&amp;quot;|James Monroe;&lt;br /&gt;
Fifth President of the United States &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Born&lt;br /&gt;
|April 28, 1758 &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Died&lt;br /&gt;
|July 4, 1831&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Term&lt;br /&gt;
|1817-1825&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''James Monroe''' was the 5th president of the United States. He was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia on April 28, 1758.  He served two terms as president from 1817-1825.&lt;br /&gt;
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Monroe was one of the most [[conservative]] presidents in American history, and was nearly re-elected by unanimous consent (reportedly one elector withheld his vote out of deference to the unanimous consent given to President [[George Washington]]).  Perhaps Monroe's most famous legacy is the [[Monroe Doctrine]], which instructed European powers to stop colonizing the Americas. His reason for this was conservative: the European and American systems were fundamentally different, and thus Europe should not colonize America anymore or even interfere in our Hemisphere. To this day presidents continue to cite the Monroe Doctrine whenever a European country tries to do something over here. &lt;br /&gt;
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The &amp;quot;[[Era of Good Feelings]]&amp;quot; overtook our country under Monroe's conservative leadership. The economy prospered. He vetoed the Cumberland Road Bill and the House rejected most spending bills on internal projects. The U.S. Senate was split evenly: 11 free states and 11 slave states (Delaware and Kentucky were slave states). Monroe peacefully resolved the difficult dispute over slavery in new states with the Missouri Compromise: admit one free state (Maine) to balance one new slave state (Missouri), and ban abolition above a certain latitude (36 degrees, 30 minutes) in the new Louisiana Territory. &lt;br /&gt;
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Monroe's presidency also oversaw Spain ceding [[Florida]] to the United States. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/jmonroe.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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== Background ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Monroe had served in the [[American Revolution]], and led the charge at the [[Battle of Trenton]].  He was hit by a musket ball in his shoulder, striking an artery.  After he recovered, he continued to fight for the Patriots.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.amerisearch.net/index.php?date=2004-04-28&amp;amp;view=View&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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As an anti-Federalist, he opposed ratification of the [[U.S. Constitution]] in the absence of a [[Bill of Rights]].&lt;br /&gt;
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He served as Senator and also Governor of Virginia.  He was the Secretary of State in the Administration of [[Thomas Jefferson]], where Monroe negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. &lt;br /&gt;
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Monroe was Secretary of War under president [[James Madison]] during the war of 1812.&lt;br /&gt;
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== In His Own Words ==&lt;br /&gt;
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When elected President, James Monroe declared in his Inaugural Address, March 4, 1817: &lt;br /&gt;
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:I enter on the trust to which I have been called by the suffrages of my fellow-citizens with my fervent prayers to the Almighty that He will be graciously pleased to continue to us that protection which He has already so conspicuously displayed.&lt;br /&gt;
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President Monroe declared in his First Annual Message to Congress in 1817:&lt;br /&gt;
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:For advantages so numerous and highly important it is our duty to unite in grateful acknowledgments to that Omnipotent Being from whom they are derived, and in unceasing prayer that He will endow us with virtue and strength to maintain and hand them down in their utmost purity to our latest posterity.&lt;br /&gt;
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Monroe died on July 4, 1831 in New York City.   &lt;br /&gt;
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== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Monroe, James}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Presidents of the United States]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate:Should_marijuana_be_legalized%3F&amp;diff=131429</id>
		<title>Debate:Should marijuana be legalized?</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate:Should_marijuana_be_legalized%3F&amp;diff=131429"/>
		<updated>2007-04-27T15:32:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Rob Pommer: options&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;==Yes==&lt;br /&gt;
Yes, it's less addictive than nicotine, less harmful than alcohol, and thousands of people go to prison for possession.  If it were legalized, scum bag drug dealers would be out of jobs, the price would plummet, drug lords would be nothing, the cops would be freer to pursue the hard drugs, and the prisons would be emptier.  Smoking marijuna certainly isn't something I'd advocate, but I'd rather be an occassional weed smoker than a habitual tobbacco smoker. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 11:29, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==No==&lt;br /&gt;
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==Comments==&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rob Pommer</name></author>
	</entry>
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