Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Talk:Black Panther Party

2010-03-27T19:14:27Z

Radh: /* 250, 000 subscribers? */

==terrorists==

i removed them from the list of terrorists. they weren't terrorist y'all. they were a legitimate response to the oppression that the african american community was facing at the time. they served breakfast to poor children and helped a lot of would-be criminals work towards positive social change. terrorists? i don't think so.
-Emmagrrl

I agree with you. However, you will find that your edit will soon be undone. I suggest not arguing the point if you want to keep editing. [[User:AliceBG|AliceBG]] 22:07, 8 June 2008 (EDT)

learn together-the founding fathers advocated armed violence against the british government. does that make them terrorists? -[[user:emmagrrl|Emmagrrrl]]

:Do you see them as being comparable? [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 03:51, 12 June 2008 (EDT)

i think that they were both passionate about working towards a world where their people could live without government oppression. i don't necessarily think that armed action against a government is terrorism. do you consider the Contras terrorists? because they fought against a government, but a lot of conservatives, namely Reagan and co. thought they were great. the "moral equivalent of the Founding fathers" i believe Reagan said. given that the contras are called freedom fighters on this site despite their abysmal human rights record, but the Panthers are called terrorists. i am not going to call the panthers freedom fighters here because this is an encyclopedia, but i think it's wrong to categorize some armed groups as terrorists if you're going to categorize others as freedom fighters. -[[user:emmagrrl|Emmagrrrl]]

:I believe the difference is between a form of government that does not grant rights versus one that does. The United States is and was a Democracy. Positive changes were already taking place. The Panthers had just as much say as any other person in the country, but they found this to be insufficient and advocated arms to force their point of view. I am not wholly convinced they were terrorists, but the information provided in the article seems to point that way. I am open to being shown otherwise. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 14:26, 12 June 2008 (EDT)

i don't think that they had the option to get their voices heard. a lot of them were from very poor backgrounds and being poor and black in america is not a good combination. the African American community in Oakland was facing severe police brutality from a police force that was overwhelmingly white. the Black Panther Party for Self Defense was formed as a way to combat racism in the Oakland police force.
in terms of terrorism, the Black Panthers never carried out attack against a civilian population. in California at least, they were allowed to carry the guns that they did. they never had a policy of aggression against the police and only responded with violence when faced with violence. none of that is the hallmark of a terrorist group. -[[user:emmagrrl|Emmagrrrl]]

:Good enough [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 16:23, 12 June 2008 (EDT)

== 250, 000 subscribers? ==

I think this marxists.org number should be halved, the 139, 000 circulation figure one sees cited seems more realistic. And what does subscribers mean? As far as I know it was sold on the streets.--[[User:Radh|Radh]] 14:24, 24 March 2010 (EDT)

:Seems like U.K. terminology, Radh. --<big>[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]</big>/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 18:52, 24 March 2010 (EDT)
::Thanks, I did not know that.--[[User:Radh|Radh]] 15:14, 27 March 2010 (EDT)

2010-03-19T21:01:59Z

Radh:

[[Image:Massing hede-150x150.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Hede Massing]]
'''Hede Massing''' or '''Hedda Massing''', née '''Hedwig Tune''', later: '''Hede Eisler''', later: '''Hede Gumperz''', an Austrian-born Soviet intelligence operative who served in the United States in the 1930s. She was an actress and journalist.

After the Second World War, in 1953, she wrote about [[Richard Sorge]], who had recruited her to the [[GRU]], for a German magazine<ref>''Richard Sorge, der fast vollkommene Spion''. In: ''Deutsche Rundschau'', Vol. 79, No. 4, 1953, pp. 360-377.</ref> and called him a near perfect spy. Massing had first met [[Richard Sorge]] as a young communist in 1923. In her article she recalled a meeting they had in New York in 1935.

Hede Massing was married to [[Gerhart Eisler]] from 1920 to 1926. Eisler, a longtime member of the German Communist Party (KPD), in the 1930s was the [[Comintern]] representative in the United States. Her second husband was the rich american communist journalist, publisher and sociologist Julian Gumperz. Her third husband was marxist sociologist and KPD cadre [[Paul Massing]].

Hede and Paul Massing in the USA were members of an [[OGPU]] apparatus and functioned under the direction of [[Boris Bazarov]], a Soviet illegal officer based in New York. Massing was assigned several duties, including that of a courier between the United States and Europe. However, her most important assignment was that of an agent recruiter, a task she apparently carried out with great skill. Massing was assigned targets for recruitment by her Soviet supervisor. She used appeals to ideology, especially preying on the strong anti-Nazi sentiments of [[New Deal]] liberals who dominated the Washington scene of the Roosevelt administration in the early 1930s. [[Laurence Duggan]] was among her recruits. In 1935 Massing at a Communist cell meeting in a private home argued with [[Alger Hiss ]] over whether [[Noel Field]], a State Department spy, should work with her group or with The [[GRU]].
{| cellpadding="1" style="float: right; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f7f8ff; padding: 5px; font-size: 85%; margin: 0 15px 0 15px;"
| style="background: #ccf; text-align: center;" | '''This article is part of the''' '''[[Venona project|Venona]]''' '''series.'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[[CPUSA#Secret_apparatus|Secret apparatus]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[[Comintern]]
|-
|style="border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc"|
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Template:Ushistory&action=edit Edit this box]
|}
Massing left the Soviet intelligence apparatus in 1938 after a period of disillusionment with her Russian handlers. Hede Massing did not admit to her work in Soviet espionage until 1947 and testified at the second trial of [[Alger Hiss]]. Covername "Redhead" occurred in Venona as an unidentified in a context that suggests that it was Hede Massing, and was identified as Massing in Robert L. Benson's ''The Venona Story'', page 36.

==Redhead group==
The following member's are listed as members of the Redhead group handled by Hede Massing in the ''Gorsky Memo''.

* [[Laurence Duggan]], head of [[United States Department of State]] Division of American Republics
* [[Hede Massing]], journalist
* [[Paul Massing]], Institute of Social Research Columbia University
* [[Franz Leopold Neumann]], consultant at [[Board of Economic Warfare]]; Deputy Chief of the Central European Section of [[Office of Strategic Services]]; First Chief of research of the [[Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal]]

==External link==
*Massing, Hede, Chapter 4:.[http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:7u1ekYrM8skJ:www.alexanderstreet4.com/cgi-bin/asp/imld/getdoc.pl%3F/projects/artfla/databases/asp/imld/fulltext/IMAGE/.5908%26sortorder%3Ddocsequence+Gaik+Ovakimian&hl=en&start=16 The Routine of an Underground Agent], from ''This Deception''. New York, NY: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, (1951), pp. 335.

=== Source ===
* [http://www.fas.org/irp/ops/ci/docs/ci3/ch1.pdf National Counter Intelligence Center, ''Cold War Counterintelligence'']
* [http://www.nacic.gov/contact/privacy/privacy_page6.html#copyright National Counter Intelligence Center, Copyright Notice]
* Robert L. Benson, ''The Venona Story'' (Ft. Meade, MD: Center for Cryptologic History, National Security Agency, 2001).
* [http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page44.html Alexander Vassiliev’s ''Notes on Anatoly Gorsky’s December 1948 Memo on Compromised American Sources and Networks'']

{{DEFAULTSORT:Massing, Hede}}
[[Category:KGB Agents and Sources]]

Talk:Hede Massing

2010-03-19T20:47:12Z

Radh: /* GRU */

Hede Massing had married Eisler in 1919 [wrong, in 1920), in Vienna. Eisler and Massing went to Berlin early in 1921; Eisler's sister [[Ruth Fischer]], who had been the very first member of the KPÖ (Austrian CP) already was a leader of the ultra-left fraction of the KPD (German CP) and her brother also rose in its ranks, but fell foul of the changing fortunes of his (also changing) alies in the party. Eisler was sent first to China, then to the USA as a kind of punishment/chance to prove himself, but that was nearly ten years after his marriage to Hede Massing had ended.
She married Julian Gumperz in 1923 [wrong, they met in 1923, lived together from 1924, but married only in 1927, so that she would get US-citizenship], they separated around 1928 and she then lived with Paul Massing, but they married much later [in 1936].--[[User:Radh|Radh]] 10:04, 19 March 2010 (EDT)
:Yes, that narative sounds about right. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 11:55, 19 March 2010 (EDT)
::There are short dense bios of both Massings and tons of other people in a two volume (German) book on Noel Field, I have another look at this later (it is on Google Books). P.S.: I have managed to get it all wrong: have changed the statement above.--[[User:Radh|Radh]] 12:32, 19 March 2010 (EDT)
==GRU==
As I understand it, Massing's failure to recruit Noel Field was because Field already worked with [[Alger Hiss]] & the GRU, while Massing was a Comintern & NKVD operative. Can we get this part correct? [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 15:11, 19 March 2010 (EDT)
:I will have a look at the book on Field, I just hope this stuff is visible on Google. As far as I know by now Hede Gumperz was recruited in Frankfurt/Main by R. Sorge prob. in 1928, her boss at the GRU was Ignaz Reiss. She did various jobs in Europe. When Paul Massing went to Moskau, she followed him and received more training. In the USA they were not GRU, but, as you say NKVD.
:::The [[Noel Field]] entry does not exactly fit with the stuff in the German book on Field (or perhaps I am completely confused by now).--[[User:Radh|Radh]] 16:41, 19 March 2010 (EDT)

::Sounds vaguely familiar. I'll have a look at sourcing, too. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 15:43, 19 March 2010 (EDT)

:::We have a pretty well researched synopsis of these events at [[Alger_Hiss#Hede_Massing_and_Noel_Field]]. Field worked with the Hiss/GRU group which is what Massing testified to in 1951. We reported Massing "new" Sorge in 1928; if you can cite recrutiment, I'd be interested to see that. Right now I'm trying to find Massing's book, ''This Deception'', which I think is online. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 16:39, 19 March 2010 (EDT)

::::Massing (and Julian Gumperz) def. knew Sorge and his wife since 1923 (Erste Marxistische Arbeitswoche, Pfingsten 1923). Just saw a citation from her a German version of her autobiography where she talks about a call from Ika Sorge (1928?), but without exact dates.--[[User:Radh|Radh]] 16:47, 19 March 2010 (EDT)

Talk:Hede Massing

2010-03-19T20:41:22Z

Radh: /* GRU */

Hede Massing

2010-03-19T20:37:36Z

Radh:

[[Image:Massing hede-150x150.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Hede Massing]]
'''Hede Massing''' or '''Hedda Massing''', née '''Hedwig Tune''', later: '''Hede Eisler''', later: '''Hede Gumperz''', an Austrian-born Soviet intelligence operative who served in the United States in the 1930s. She was an actress and journalist.

After the Second World War, in 1951, she wrote about [[Richard Sorge]], who had recruited her to the [[GRU]], for the German magazine ''Der Spiegel'' and called him a near perfect spy. Massing had first met [[Richard Sorge]] as a young communist in 1923. In her article she recalled a meeting they had in New York in 1935.

Hede Massing was married to [[Gerhart Eisler]] from 1920 to 1926. Eisler, a longtime member of the German Communist Party (KPD), in the 1930s was the [[Comintern]] representative in the United States. Her second husband was the rich american communist journalist, publisher and sociologist Julian Gumperz. Her third husband was marxist sociologist and KPD cadre [[Paul Massing]].

Hede and Paul Massing in the USA were members of an [[OGPU]] apparatus and functioned under the direction of [[Boris Bazarov]], a Soviet illegal officer based in New York. Massing was assigned several duties, including that of a courier between the United States and Europe. However, her most important assignment was that of an agent recruiter, a task she apparently carried out with great skill. Massing was assigned targets for recruitment by her Soviet supervisor. She used appeals to ideology, especially preying on the strong anti-Nazi sentiments of [[New Deal]] liberals who dominated the Washington scene of the Roosevelt administration in the early 1930s. [[Laurence Duggan]] was among her recruits. In 1935 Massing at a Communist cell meeting in a private home argued with [[Alger Hiss ]] over whether [[Noel Field]], a State Department spy, should work with her group or with The [[GRU]].
{| cellpadding="1" style="float: right; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f7f8ff; padding: 5px; font-size: 85%; margin: 0 15px 0 15px;"
| style="background: #ccf; text-align: center;" | '''This article is part of the''' '''[[Venona project|Venona]]''' '''series.'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[[CPUSA#Secret_apparatus|Secret apparatus]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[[Comintern]]
|-
|style="border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc"|
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Template:Ushistory&action=edit Edit this box]
|}
Massing left the Soviet intelligence apparatus in 1938 after a period of disillusionment with her Russian handlers. Hede Massing did not admit to her work in Soviet espionage until 1947 and testified at the second trial of [[Alger Hiss]]. Covername "Redhead" occurred in Venona as an unidentified in a context that suggests that it was Hede Massing, and was identified as Massing in Robert L. Benson's ''The Venona Story'', page 36.

==Redhead group==
The following member's are listed as members of the Redhead group handled by Hede Massing in the ''Gorsky Memo''.

* [[Laurence Duggan]], head of [[United States Department of State]] Division of American Republics
* [[Hede Massing]], journalist
* [[Paul Massing]], Institute of Social Research Columbia University
* [[Franz Leopold Neumann]], consultant at [[Board of Economic Warfare]]; Deputy Chief of the Central European Section of [[Office of Strategic Services]]; First Chief of research of the [[Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal]]

==External link==
*Massing, Hede, Chapter 4:.[http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:7u1ekYrM8skJ:www.alexanderstreet4.com/cgi-bin/asp/imld/getdoc.pl%3F/projects/artfla/databases/asp/imld/fulltext/IMAGE/.5908%26sortorder%3Ddocsequence+Gaik+Ovakimian&hl=en&start=16 The Routine of an Underground Agent], from ''This Deception''. New York, NY: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, (1951), pp. 335.

=== Source ===
* [http://www.fas.org/irp/ops/ci/docs/ci3/ch1.pdf National Counter Intelligence Center, ''Cold War Counterintelligence'']
* [http://www.nacic.gov/contact/privacy/privacy_page6.html#copyright National Counter Intelligence Center, Copyright Notice]
* Robert L. Benson, ''The Venona Story'' (Ft. Meade, MD: Center for Cryptologic History, National Security Agency, 2001).
* [http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page44.html Alexander Vassiliev’s ''Notes on Anatoly Gorsky’s December 1948 Memo on Compromised American Sources and Networks'']

{{DEFAULTSORT:Massing, Hede}}
[[Category:KGB Agents and Sources]]

Talk:Hede Massing

2010-03-19T20:33:14Z

Radh: /* GRU */ I am lost in this mess, I will have to do some research first

Talk:Hede Massing

2010-03-19T20:07:31Z

Radh: /* GRU */

2010-03-19T15:30:47Z

Radh: /* now possibly inactive */ new section

Talk:William Ayers

2010-03-19T15:26:41Z

Radh: /* Soviet sponsored? */ new section

Black Panther Party

2010-03-19T15:18:26Z

Radh: /* Membership */ 400 or fourhundred

'''The Black Panther Party''' (originally named the ''The Black Panther Party for Self-Defense'') was a [[United States]]-based militant organization that operated from 1966 to 1971. The Panthers had thousands of members and spread across several major cities. In 1969, then-director of the[[FBI| Federal Bureau of Intelligence]], [[J. Edgar Hoover]], said, "The Black Panthers are the greatest threat to the internal security of [[America]].”<ref>http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/13/interviews/seale/</ref>

==History==

The Party was organized in 1966 by two [[Oakland]] college students, [[Huey Percy Newton]] and [[Bobby Seale]], to fight the [[American]] government as a "racist [and] capitalist state". The group criticized in particular the American economic structure, calling for the government to change to a more [[communist]]ic economy. Contrary to activists such as [[Martin Luther King]], the Black Panthers called for violent action against [[racism]]. After King's assassination in 1968, the group began to arm its members as well as provide them with [[military]] training.

The Black Panthers marched into the [[California]] state capital fully armed, leading to the arrest of some group members. Because of the visible militancy of the the group, they often faced police pressure. A number of clashes in the Chicago area left members of the Panthers and police officers either killed or wounded. A raid on the Panther's headquarters in Chicago led to the death of Fred Hampton, the leader of the Chicago chapter, who was killed and others wounded when the police opened fire.

The [[FBI]], under the leadership of of [[J. Edgar Hoover]] carried out a program of counter-intelligence known as [[COINTELPRO]]. Hoover's agents used false letters and undercover agents to create a divide in the BPP's leadership.

==Partnership==

The Black Panther Party carried out many organizational initiatives along with arming members and rioting. They formed links with organizations such as the Peace and Freedom Party, the Poor People's March, the Brown Berets, [[Cesar Chavez]] and with other farm labor movements; the American Indian Movement; and the Young Puerto Rican Brothers.
Seales claimed that the reasons for the joining of other coalitions was because the organization was for "all power to all the people, not just black power.”<ref>http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/13/interviews/seale/</ref> They also worked with the Preventive Medical Health Care Clinics and the Breakfast for Children Program, which gave the militant group good publicity.

==Membership==

In 1968, two years after the Black Panthers' founding, the organization counted four hundred members, mainly from the poor parts of Oakland. When [[Martin Luther King]] died, membership grew to five thousand with over 45 chapters and branches. The organization also published a newspaper which by 1969 circulated to over 250,000 subscribers.

==References==
<references/>

==See also==
*[[Students for a Democratic Society]]
*[[New Black Panthers]]

==External links==
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20060717050055/http://www.etext.org/Politics/MIM/bpp/index.html Black Panther Newspaper Collection.] Retrieved from Maoist International Movement website, March 16, 2010.

[[Category:Black Nationalists]]
[[category:1960s]]
[[category:Black History]]
[[category:New Left]]

Hede Massing

2010-03-19T15:00:40Z

Radh:

[[Image:Massing hede-150x150.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Hede Massing]]
'''Hede Massing''' or '''Hedda Massing''', née '''Hedwig Tune''', later: '''Hede Eisler''', later: '''Hede Gumperz''', an Austrian-born Soviet intelligence operative who served in the United States in the 1930s. She was an actress and journalist. After the Second World War she wrote about [[Richard Sorge]] for the German magazine ''Der Spiegel'' (1951), Massing had met [[Richard Sorge]] as a young man in 1923 in Germany and saw him again in New York in 1935.

Massing had been married from 1919 to 1923 to [[Gerhart Eisler]], who in the 1930s was the [[Comintern]] representative in the United States. Her second husband (from 1923 to 1928) was the then communist journalist and publisher Julian Gumperz. Massing and later her third husband [[Paul Massing]] were members of an [[OGPU]] apparatus and functioned under the direction of a Soviet illegal officer based in New York. Massing was assigned several duties, including that of a courier between the United States and Europe. However, her most important assignment was that of an agent recruiter, a task she apparently carried out with great skill. Massing was assigned targets for recruitment by her Soviet supervisor. She used appeals to ideology, especially preying on the strong anti-Nazi sentiments of [[New Deal]] liberals who dominated the Washington scene of the Roosevelt administration in the early 1930s. [[Laurence Duggan]] was among her recruits. In 1935 Massing at a Communist cell meeting in a private home argued with [[Alger Hiss ]] over whether [[Noel Field]], a State Department spy, should work with her group or with The [[GRU]].
{| cellpadding="1" style="float: right; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f7f8ff; padding: 5px; font-size: 85%; margin: 0 15px 0 15px;"
| style="background: #ccf; text-align: center;" | '''This article is part of the''' '''[[Venona project|Venona]]''' '''series.'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[[CPUSA#Secret_apparatus|Secret apparatus]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[[Comintern]]
|-
|style="border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc"|
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Template:Ushistory&action=edit Edit this box]
|}
Massing left the Soviet intelligence apparatus in 1938 after a period of disillusionment with her Russian handlers. Hede Massing did not admit to her work in Soviet espionage until 1947 and testified at the second trial of [[Alger Hiss]]. Covername "Redhead" occurred in Venona as an unidentified in a context that suggests that it was Hede Massing, and was identified as Massing in Robert L. Benson's ''The Venona Story'', page 36.

==Redhead group==
The following member's are listed as members of the Redhead group handled by Hede Massing in the ''Gorsky Memo''.

* [[Laurence Duggan]], head of [[United States Department of State]] Division of American Republics
* [[Hede Massing]], journalist
* [[Paul Massing]], Institute of Social Research Columbia University
* [[Franz Leopold Neumann]], consultant at [[Board of Economic Warfare]]; Deputy Chief of the Central European Section of [[Office of Strategic Services]]; First Chief of research of the [[Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal]]

==External link==
*Massing, Hede, Chapter 4:.[http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:7u1ekYrM8skJ:www.alexanderstreet4.com/cgi-bin/asp/imld/getdoc.pl%3F/projects/artfla/databases/asp/imld/fulltext/IMAGE/.5908%26sortorder%3Ddocsequence+Gaik+Ovakimian&hl=en&start=16 The Routine of an Underground Agent], from ''This Deception''. New York, NY: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, (1951), pp. 335.

=== Source ===
* [http://www.fas.org/irp/ops/ci/docs/ci3/ch1.pdf National Counter Intelligence Center, ''Cold War Counterintelligence'']
* [http://www.nacic.gov/contact/privacy/privacy_page6.html#copyright National Counter Intelligence Center, Copyright Notice]
* Robert L. Benson, ''The Venona Story'' (Ft. Meade, MD: Center for Cryptologic History, National Security Agency, 2001).
* [http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page44.html Alexander Vassiliev’s ''Notes on Anatoly Gorsky’s December 1948 Memo on Compromised American Sources and Networks'']

{{DEFAULTSORT:Massing, Hede}}
[[Category:KGB Agents and Sources]]

Richard Sorge

2010-03-19T14:57:22Z

Radh:

'''Richard Sorge''' was born in [[Baku]] in Azerbaijan, then part of Czarist Russia. His father was German and his mother was Russian. Sorge became a German citizen.

Shortly after [[World War I]] Sorge became a [[marxist]] and a member of the German Communist Party ([[KPD]]). He was recruited as a Soviet spy in the 1920s. Sorge had studied economics and taught at university, but his communist politics (and the premature death of his teacher) destroyed his academic career. Sorge worked as a journalist, when he was the head of a Soviet spy ring in Japan. Hitler's Germany was Japan's ally and Sorge went to Japan officially attached to the German Embassy. He was an accredited correspondent of the leading German journal ''Frankfurter Zeitung''.

A number of Sorge's associates were arrested with him, among them [[Hozumi Ozaki]] and [[Kinkazu Saionji]].

Sorge was awarded the highest honorary title of distinction in the [[USSR]], [[Hero of the Soviet Union]], posthumously.

==References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT: Sorge, Richard}}

[[Category:KGB Agents and Sources]]