Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Michael Bisping

2011-10-23T16:34:03Z

RLorain: adding missing reference tag

'''Michael Bisping''', nicknamed "The Count" because of his [[British]] heritage and his capacity for knockouts, is a [[mixed martial artist]] currently fighting in the [[UFC]]'s middleweight division. One of the few one-loss fighters, his only loss came from current champion [[Rashad Evans]]. His current record is 18-1.<ref>http://www.ufc.com/MichaelBisping</ref> He won the Light Heavyweight championship on [[The Ultimate Fighter]] 3, and will be the coach of the U.K. team on The Ultimate Fighter 9: Team UK vs. Team USA.

==References==
<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT: Bisping, Michael}}

[[Category:Mixed Martial Artists]]
[[Category:UFC Middleweights]]

Strontium

2011-10-23T16:31:47Z

RLorain: adding missing reference tag

'''Strontium''' is a [[chemical element]] used to create the red color in flares and fireworks. It was first isolated in 1808 by Sir [[Humphry Davy]]. <ref> [http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Sr.html#Overview Periodic Table of Elements: Strontium] </ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Elements]]

User:RLorain

2011-10-23T16:08:20Z

RLorain:

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[anapest]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[spondee]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[caesura]] -- added missing poetic technique (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[calcareous]] -- added missing term.
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==
<ul>
<li>[[aubade]] -- missing poetic thematic form</li>
<li>[[acrostic]] or maybe [[acrostic poem]] -- missing poetic form</li>
<li>[[assonance]] -- missing poetic term</li>
<li>[[epigram]] -- missing poetic thematic form</li>
<li>[[falling meter]] -- missing poetic term</li>
<li>[[ode]] -- missing literary term</li>
<li>[[sestet]] -- missing poetic term</li>
</ul>

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Calcarea

2011-10-23T16:08:11Z

RLorain: linking

{{Taxonomy
|image=Calcareous sponge.jpg
|kingdom=Animalia
|phylum=Porifera
|class=Calcarea
}}
'''Calcarea''' is a class of the animal phylum [[Porifera]], consisting of [[calcareous]] sponges, characterized by 2-4 spicules made of [[calcium carbonate]] in the form of calcite or aragonite. There are about 400 species of sponges in the Calcarea group, exclusively [[marine]], found throughout the oceans, but mainly in temperate areas.

Calcarea sponges are usually found in shallower, sheltered waters less than 1000 m, and in tropical regions they are associated with coral reefs. Thought to be the most primitive group of sponges, it is the only class with [[asconoid]] and [[syconoid]] construction, and has sponges with [[leuconoid]] construction as well. The [[Hexactinellida]] and [[Demospongiae]] groups have only leuconoid forms. Calcarea is divided into two groups, '''Calcinea''' and '''Calcaronea''', differentiated by the larvae and location of the nuclei in the choanocytes. Calcinea is further divided to two orders and nine families, and Calcaronea has two orders and ten families. Taxonomic resolution is still being revised.<ref>Mulcrone, R. 2005. "Calcarea" [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Calcarea.html Animal Diversity Web] Accessed June 20, 2007</ref>

==References==
<references/>
[[category:biology]]

Chalk

2011-10-23T16:08:02Z

RLorain: linking

[[Image:Four of the Seven Sisters.jpg|thumb|200px|Four of the "Seven Sisters" along the [[Sussex]] coast, [[England]]]]
'''Chalk''' is a white, sedimentary rock, composed of [[calcium carbonate]]. The calcium carbonate originates from the [[calcareous]] liths deposited by blooms of species of [[coccolithophore]] [[phytoplankton]].
One of the most dramatic outcrops of chalk is along the south coast of [[England]] where it forms the "white cliffs of [[Dover]]", the Seven Sisters and parts of England's [[Jurassic Coast]], now a [[World Heritage Site]] in recognition of its unusual geology.

As a useful commodity, chalk has been replaced by other substances. For example, the "chalk" that is used in blackboard writing or in sidewalk chalk is actually [[gypsum]].

[[Category:Sedimentary Rocks]]

Sea urchin

2011-10-23T16:07:56Z

RLorain: linking

'''Sea urchins''' are marine animals of the class Echinoidea, [[echinoderms]] that have a soft body enclosed in a round, symmetrical, [[calcareous]] shell covered with long spines.

When eaten as sushi, they are often served with quail egg. Winter is considered the best season for them. The best quality sea urchin sushi is taken directly from a live animal, rather than being frozen. The west coast of the [[United States]] is one of the world's leading sources. <ref>http://www.sushifaq.com/sushi-items/sushi-items-uni.htm</ref>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Echinoderms]]

Coral

2011-10-23T16:07:43Z

RLorain: linking

{{Taxonomy
|name=Coral
|image=Coral reefs1 h.jpg
|caption=Coral reef in Hawaii (''NOAA'')
|domain=Eukaryota
|kingdom=Animalia
|subkingdom=Radiata
|branch=
|superphylum=
|phylum=Cnidaria
|subphylum=
|infraphylum=
|microphylum=
|superdivision=
|division=
|subdivision=
|superclass=
|class=Anthozoa
|subclass=
|infraclass=
|superorder=
|order=
|suborder=
|infraorder=
|superfamily=
|families=
|family=
|subfamily=
|supertribe=
|tribe=
|subtribe=
|genera=
|genus=
|subgenus=
|species=
|binomialname=
|syn=
|sub=
|alt=
|regionimg=
|pop=
|conservation=
}}
'''Coral''' is a rocklike deposit consisting of the [[calcareous]] skeletons secreted by various [[anthozoans]]. Coral deposits often accumulate to form reefs or islands in warm seas.<ref>http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/coral</ref>

<references/>

[[Category:animals]]

Great Barrier Reef

2011-10-23T16:07:26Z

RLorain: clarifying building process a tiny bit

The '''Great Barrier Reef''' is the world's longest coral reef system, stretching around 1,430 miles (2,200 km) along the east coast of [[Australia]]. It is made up of 2,900 separate reefs, each made up of [[limestone]] deposited from the [[calcareous]] [[skeleton]]s of countless tiny sea creatures. It provides a rich environment for aquatic life; six out of seven of the world’s marine turtles, 1,500 out of 13,000 species of fish, 500 types of seaweed, 360 varieties of coral and 125 species of sharks and rays live in the waters of the reef.

Scientific investigation has shown that the reef could have grown to its present extent in the time since [[Abraham]] was alive<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v14/i1/coral_reef.asp</ref>. Growth rate analysis has shown that the oldest reef on earth is 4,200 years old. <ref>http://www.aftac21.com/Answering_Evolutionist.doc</ref>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Biology]]
[[Category:Australia]]

Calcareous

2011-10-23T16:06:57Z

RLorain: adding missing term -- not sure what cat is should go in, maybe someone can suggest

Objects which are '''calcareous''' in nature are composed of or contain [[calcite]] or [[calcium carbonate]]. [[Chalk]] and [[limestone]] are calcareous, being composed of calcium carbonate. Certain groups of sea creatures ([[calcarea]], [[phytoplankton]], and [[sea urchin|sea urchins]] for example) have calcareous skeletal structures, which accumulate on ocean floors, and is a major factor in how [[coral]] is formed.

User:RLorain

2011-10-23T15:43:58Z

RLorain:

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[anapest]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[spondee]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[caesura]] -- added missing poetic technique (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==
<ul>
<li>[[aubade]] -- missing poetic thematic form</li>
<li>[[acrostic]] or maybe [[acrostic poem]] -- missing poetic form</li>
<li>[[assonance]] -- missing poetic term</li>
<li>[[epigram]] -- missing poetic thematic form</li>
<li>[[falling meter]] -- missing poetic term</li>
<li>[[ode]] -- missing literary term</li>
<li>[[sestet]] -- missing poetic term</li>
</ul>

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

User:RLorain

2011-10-23T15:41:08Z

RLorain: organizing my thoughts, planning out new content, revisiting old

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[anapest]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[spondee]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[caesura]] -- added missing poetic technique (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

[[aubade]] -- missing poetic thematic form
[[acrostic]] or maybe [[acrostic poem]] -- missing poetic form
[[assonance]] -- missing poetic term
[[epigram]] -- missing poetic thematic form
[[falling meter]] -- missing poetic term
[[ode]] -- missing literary term
[[sestet]] -- missing poetic term

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Roman Catholic Church

2011-10-23T15:32:53Z

RLorain: Undo revision 930565 by Danielspence (talk) Grammar is broken here, determiner missing a sentence, read edits carefully before saving.

{{Christianity}}
The '''Roman Catholic Church''' is a denomination of [[Christianity]]. Roman Catholics believe in the divinity of Jesus Christ, who is the Son of God, and worship the God of [[Abraham]]. The Roman Catholic Church has a single leader, the [[Pope]], who is also the [[Bishop]] of [[Rome]]. The current Pope is [[Pope Benedict XVI|Benedict XVI]]. Present day governance of the Church is divided hierarchically into Dioceses overseen by a Diocesan Bishop, who in turn oversees Diocesan priests and deacons on the level of the individual Church.

Members believe that theirs is the oldest [[Christian]] denomination in the world. It is certainly the largest, with more than 1.3 billion officially baptized adherents, or 17.4% of the world's population; over 64 million of these are in the [[United States]]. In recent years growth has been greatest in Africa and Latin America, while membership and influence have declined in Europe.

The Roman Catholic Church asserts that the Pope is the divinely-chosen successor of [[St. Peter]], believing him to be the 'rock' ([[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 16:18) upon whom Jesus built his Church. The Catholic Church consists of those Christians who are in full communion with the Pope, including "Uniate Catholics" in Eastern Europe who, strictly speaking, are not part of the "Roman" rite.

The Roman Catholic Church has suffered several [[schism]]s over its history. Most notable are those involving the [[Church of the East]] following the [[First Ephesian Council]], the [[Oriental Orthodoxy|Oriental Orthodox]] churches following the [[Council of Chalcedon]], the [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern Orthodox Church]] following the [[Great Schism]] of 1054, and the several [[Reformation]]s of the 16th century leading to the development of [[Protestantism]].

The Protestants made the most radical break. Two of the principal issues raised by Protestants were
''[[sola scriptura]],'' the doctrine that the Bible alone is the final authority for Christians (which is also a denial of the infallibility of [[Sacred Tradition]], the Pope, and the infallibility of ecumenical Church councils) and ''sola fide,'' the doctrine popularized by [[Martin Luther]] that faith alone, as opposed to faith and good works both, is sufficient for salvation.

[[Image:Cathpop.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Catholics in the world.]]

==Organization==

The Pope and the the international leadership of the Church are based in [[Vatican City]], a sovereign elective monarchy and an enclave of [[Rome]] established by the 1929 [[Lateran Treaty]].

The Catholic Church has a complex hierarchy of clergy, including (in descending order of rank):

* The [[Pope]]
*[[Cardinal]]s
*[[Archbishop]]s
*[[Bishop]]s
*[[Abbot]]s
*[[Monsignor|Monsignori]]
*[[Archpriest]]s
*[[Priest]]s
*[[Deacon]]s

The key roles are played by the Pope and the bishops, and the question of whether secular governments should play a major role in ecclesiastical appointments has been a major issue for centuries. The [[Investiture Controversy]] in the [[Holy Roman Empire]] was over this question, as was the dispute between [[Gallicanism]] and [[ultramontanism]] in France.

==Teachings==
[[Image:JpII.jpg|right|thumb|[[Pope John Paul II]] reigned 1978-2005]]
The chief teachings of the Catholic church are set out in the [[Catechism of the Catholic Church]] in order to foster and promote the Profession of the Faith (first part), the Celebration of the Christian Mystery (second part), the Life in Christ (third part), and Christian Prayer (fourth part). They are:

* God’s objective existence.
* God’s interest in individual human beings, who can enter into relations with God through direct and intercessory prayer and through the intercession of a priest ordained by Holy Orders.
* The [[Holy Trinity]] and [[christology|divinity of the person of Jesus Christ]].
* The immortality of the [[soul]] of each human being, each one being accountable at death for his or her actions in life, with the award of Heaven or Hell.
* The resurrection of the dead.
* The historicity of the [[Gospels]].
* The divine commission of the Church and infallibility of revealed scriptural interpretation.

The Roman Catholic Church stresses that since the members, living and dead, share in each other’s merits, the [[Virgin Mary]] and other saints and the dead in Purgatory are never forgotten,<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/65/ro/RomanCat.html The Columbia Encyclopedia]</ref> may be addressed in prayer, and intercede with God on the behalf of the living. The very physical and spiritual body and blood of Christ are believed to be present in the Eucharist, [[Transubstantiation|the bread and wine being Jesus himself]], replacing the material of bread and wine. The principal sources for the essential beliefs of the Catholic Church are the Sacred Scriptures (the Bible), Sacred Tradition, and the Living Magisterium of the Church.

The term "Catholic" is frequently used as an adjective meaning, "pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church." [[Protestantism|Protestant]]s sometimes take exception to this use, as the defined meaning of "catholic" (the adjective) is "universal" (from the Greek ''καθολικός'', or ''katholikos'', meaning "universal"). The [[Anglican Communion]] and other Protestants also speak of themselves as part of the "one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church."<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/catholic</ref> The Orthodox Church understands herself to be the one universal Catholic Church and rejects the claims of Rome.

The Roman Catholic Church teaches respect for all human life. It opposes the practices of contraception, abortion,<ref>Paul VI, Humanae Vitae (1968) http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_25071968_humanae-vitae_en.html</ref> euthanasia and (in most cases) capital punishment.<ref> John Paul II, Evangelium Vitae (1995) http://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0141/_INDEX.HTM</ref> The Church is in favor of social justice and "the common good."<ref> Benedict XVI, Caritas in Veritate (2009) http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xvi_enc_20090629_caritas-in-veritate_en.html</ref> Some Catholics take this idea further, espousing a "[[consistent life ethic]]," under which ''all'' killing is said to be unlawful. This position should logically entail [[pacifism]] and (in some cases) [[vegetarianism]], although the Catholic Church is not opposed to war under all circumstances in the manner of some "peace" churches.

The Catholic Church allows evolutionist research, but not any denial that God was the '''creator''' of all things. The only Evolutionism that Catholics are allowed to believe in is Theistic Evolution.

== History ==

===Early Church===

The original Christian community was founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Apostles. The Roman Catholic Church considers itself to be the sole and uninterrupted continuation of the first-century Church. St. [[Paul|Paul the Apostle]] was the most prolific contributor to the [[New Testament]] and the most notable of the Early Christian missionaries. Christians were subjected to persecution, first under [[Nero]] in A.D. 64 and again, more severely, under the emperors [[Domitian]], [[Marcus Aurelius]],[[Decius]], and [[Diocletian]], in the second and third centuries.

After almost 300 years of persecution against the Church failed to stop the growth of Christianity, the Emperor [[Constantine I]] had a religious experience and, by the [[Edict of Milan]] issued in the early fourth century, legalized Christianity. Going to war with the co-Emperor of the east [[Lucinius]] over his continued persecution of Christians, Constantine won and became sole Emperor. The age of persecution was over.
[[Image:Christians.jpg|thumb|450px]]

===Barbarians converted===

Until the early fourth century AD Christianity enjoyed a mixed reception in the Roman Empire, and Christians were frequently subject to persecution. After its legalization, the Christian Church became increasingly powerful in the Roman Empire, although [[Arianism]] remained strong. In 380 AD, [[Theodosius I]] established the Church as the official religion of the Roman Empire and proscribed the former pagan practices. There was a brief [[pagan]] revival in the West under the usurper [[Eugenius]], but that was brought to an end with his death. While the Empire continued to decline, Christianity continued to grow both among those directly under the Empire and among the barbarians, until the time that Rome was sacked by [[Alaric]] in 410. Alaric was an Arian Christian.

After the collapse of the Western Empire, the Roman Church became the most powerful political and religious force in Latin-speaking Europe, and by the 8th century it had achieved near total religious dominance.

Aggressive missionary activities accomplished the conversion of most of the pagan tribes in Europe by the year 1000 AD. The last pagan country in Europe to be converted was [[Lithuania]], in 1387.

=== Great Schism ===

Numerous disputes between the eastern and western churches became more pronounced from the ninth century onwards. The Church experienced the [[Great Schism]] in 1054 that divided it into a Western (Latin) branch, which has been called the Catholic Church, and an Eastern branch, which has become known as the [[Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox Church]]. Both traced their roots to the time of Jesus, but the Eastern Orthodox Church rejected the claims of the Pope to universal jurisdiction.

The Schism's causes were not purely religious. Cultural and geographic elements also played a role. Later attempts at reconciliation occurred, such as at the [[Council of Basel]], but the two churches remain separate to this day.

=== Late Middle Ages ===

The Crusades, a series of religious wars instigated by the Church against the Muslims and other groups in the Holy Land, began in 1092 and continued until the end of the 13th century. Despite the focus on regaining the Holy Land from Muslim control, the Crusaders also massacred Jews and sacked the Christian city of Constantinople.

During this time period, the [[Inquisition]]s started and would continue through the time of the Protestant Reformation and beyond. The medieval inquisition focused on rooting out [[Cathars]], while the later inquisitions, such as the [[Spanish Inquisition]], focused on people who were believed to be secretly practicing [[Judaism]] or [[Islam]] following the [[Alhambra Decree|legally mandated]] conversion to Christianity of all Jews and Muslims remaining in Spain.

===Reformation and Counter-Reformation===

In 1517, [[Martin Luther]] began the [[Protestant Reformation]] with a public protest against the sale of [[indulgences]]. It grew into a movement that covered a wider variety of issues. Eventually, Protestants rejected the notions of saintly intercession, the authority of the Pope, and any sacraments other than [[Baptism]] and [[Communion]]. This movement eventually led to a Catholic revival (the "Counter-Reformation") and a series of religious wars in [[Europe]]. The Protestant-Catholic split became one of the dominant themes in European and American events until recent times.

===1815 to 1914===

====Conservatism====

After 1800 the Papacy became the center of conservatism in Europe in reaction against the radicalism of the French Revolution. Pius VII (1800-23) was stripped of powers by [[Napoleon]] but made a striking comeback after Napoleon's fall in 1815. His unusually able Secretary of State Cardinal Consalvi won the restoration to the Pope of most of the territories in Italy which Napoleon had seized. He reinvigorated numerous monastic orders and helped create new societies for men and women, especially those engaged in teaching and missionary work. Most important was the restoration of the Jesuits in 1814. They grew more numerous and even more influential in the 19th century.

The Papacy recognized that throughout Europe millions of peasants and poor folk were devoted to the saints and traditions of the Church; the Popes responded energetically by promoting various Marian devotions (such as the rosary). Rome had fallen into disrepair, and Pius VII began the restoration of the city's artistic glories, an enterprise that continues in the 21st century. <ref> Kelly (1999); Duffy (2006); Latourette (1958) vol 1. </ref>

====Ultramontane vs Gallican====

The "ultramontane" tendency in the Church centralized more power and authority in the Papacy. It was opposed by the "[[Gallican]]" tendency, especially in France, to give national churches more control over their affairs. The ultramontine forces generally won out, especially with the promulgation of [[Papal Infallibility]] at the First Vatican Council in 1870. The ultramontane forces cited the old doctrines of [[Robert Bellarmine]] (1542-1621) and [[Francisco de Suárez]] (1548-1617) to bolster the papal claim to absolute power in spiritual matters.

Gallicanism in France was damaged by the rise of ultramontanism in the 1850s and the devotional revolution that shifted piety to devotions sponsored by Rome. Gallicanism was officially suppressed by the First Vatican Council in 1870, which established the paramount authority of the pope as a matter of dogma. However informal manifestations of Gallicanism continue in some countries, especially China. In Canada, the Irish clergy fought for ultramontanism against the French clergy, who were Gallican. The [[Catholicism in Ireland|Irish]] won out with the support of the Vatican.

After Vatican II, 1962-65, the controversy among Catholics over papal authority and infallibility largely ended, though some significant degree of opposition to it remains,<ref>such as by historian Garry Wills, author of ''Papal Sin: Structures of Deceit'' (Sophia Institute Press, 2003), and liberal theologian Hans Kung, author of ''Infallible?: An inquiry'' (1970)</ref><ref>David Carlin, ''The Decline and Fall of the Catholic Church in America'',‎ appendix 2</ref><ref>[http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Rhodes/3543/vatican.htm Raymond Taouk, ''What are Catholics to think of Vatican II?'']</ref>

This dissent is mainly manifested in disagreement with Roman Catholic teaching on birth control and abortion.<ref>[http://www.christianethicstoday.com/Issue/014/Infallibility%20in%20Ethical%20Perspective%20By%20John%20M.%20Swomley_014_26_.htm John M. Swomley, ''Infallibility in Ethical Perspective Christian Ethics Today], Issue 014 Volume 4 No 1 February 1996</ref> <ref>56% of U.S. Catholics said that the pope is not infallible "when he teaches on matters of morals, such as birth control and abortion"; 80% of Catholics believed it is possible to disagree with the pope on official positions on morality and still be a good Catholic. Time/CNN nationwide poll of 1,000 adults, conducted by Yankelovich Partners, Sept. 27-28, 1995</ref>

====Facing Modernity====

Nineteenth century urbanization brought millions of peasants from the villages to industrial cities where church facilities were few. The Church escaped irrelevance by using the same means as emerging nation-states: promoting a homogeneous culture aided especially by universal use of Latin; authorizing new rites and folk devotions, especially those focused on Mary and other favored saints; promoting pilgrimages to holy sites; encouraging clergy to endorse and lead regional nationalist movements that focused on historic languages and cultures; creating many new teaching orders and schools; supporting intellectuals and publishing houses; cultivating an image of theological, canonical, and moral superiority; and establishing more administrative and doctrinal centralization (in Rome). Of special importance was the missionary activity, based especially in Germany, that was in competition with Protestant missions in China, India, Africa and other non-Christian lands. The Jesuits proved highly adept at promoting the Papal cause.

The resurgence of Papal leadership caused internal dissent among some Catholic intellectuals, such as the historian [[Lord Acton]] in Britain and the theologian Ignaz von Döllinger in Germany, who opposed the declaration of the dogma of papal infallibility. This caused further schisms, with breakaway groups centering on the Archbishop of [[Utrecht]] to form the [[Old Catholic Church]].

=====Syllabus of Errors=====

The [[Syllabus of Errors]] of Pope [[Pius IX]] in 1864 rejected the liberal doctrines of the modern world.<ref> see text at [http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius09/p9syll.htm]</ref> It denounced pantheism, naturalism, nationalism, indifferentism, socialism, communism, freemasonry, theological rationalism, [[separation of church and state]], and removal of [[public school]]s from Church control. The Pope claimed for the Catholic Church total control over science and culture. Liberals viewed this as a declaration of war by the Church on modern civilization. Opponents stressed the Papacy had become intolerant and medieval and largely political in nature.<ref> Latourette (1958) vol 1 ch. 6</ref>

====Facing Liberalism====

In Germany in the 1840s the ultramontane movement used mass meetings and pilgrimages to combat the growth of liberalism and modernism. However, the anti-clerical press attacked these mass meetings, and in response a large number of Catholic newspapers emerged in Germany starting in the 1840s. To ensure their own survival, these newspapers championed a liberal idea--[[Freedom of the press|press freedom]]. In addition, local clubs were established to mobilize the Catholic working class. These clubs tried to end discrimination against ordinary Catholics by advocating other liberal concepts--freedom of religion and freedom of thought--and by entering the electoral process.

With the unification of Germany in 1870, the new nation faced the problems of consolidation, one of which was secularization. The laws dealing with secularization opened a political battle between Chancellor Bismark and the Catholics, which struggle is called the "[[Kulturkampf]]." The Catholics organized their own political parties and protected their interests by voting as a bloc into the 1930s, when the Nazis closed down all other parties.

====Freemasons====

Freemasonry is a secret society that was, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, politically active in numerous countries. The Catholic Church opposed Freemasonry and forbade its members to belong to Masonic lodges. This was partially because Masons were often aligned with popular uprisings that had the objective of replacing traditional monarchs and class privilege with national independence and voting rights. A large number of the signers of the U.S. Declaration of Independence had been Freemasons, for example.

The Papacy coordinated attacks against Masonry in countries such as Brazil, where the religious question in the 1870s centered on Masonry and the struggle between regalist and ultramontane forces. One method of Catholic action was to found Catholic universities. Ignace Bourget, second bishop of Montreal, Canada, founded Laval University, saying that the university would be the principal instrument for "wresting the elite from the clutches of liberalism." At the time, political Liberalism was closely associated with national liberation and democracy.

====Women====

A spiritual revolution took place in the 19th century, moving individuals to a renewed interest in personal piety. There was a new emphasis on the role of Mary and a greatly increased involvement of women in the life of the Church. The number of sisters and nuns increased from 20,000 to 400,000 between 1815 and 1914.

Camp (1990) traced the treatment of women by the Church. In the late 19th century, the papacy began to revise its public teachings about the proper role of women in the Church and society. From Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903) to Pope John Paul II (1978-2005), papal social pronouncements revealed an evolution in attitudes from the view that women are passive subordinates to men in all spheres of life to the current teaching that lay and clerical women are equal but complementary partners with men in religious, political, economic, and social endeavors. Nevertheless, the papacy has remained firm in the conviction that ordination is for men only.

====Arts====

[[Image:Cerro_de_Angeles.jpg|right|thumb|230px|Cerro de los Angeles, Madrid, Spain.]]
The arts provided a refuge from modernity in the form of a nostalgic aesthetic. Church architecture saw the revival of the medieval [[Gothic]] style. Romantic literature, for example by Chateaubriand, helped inspire a Catholic revival. In music, Catholic churchgoers were likely to be exposed to an officially sponsored revival of ''a cappella'' singing in the manner of Palestrina. The rapid development of symphonic and operatic forms affected sacred music, resulting in many masses, requiems, and te deums for large orchestra and chorus, sometimes even composed by skeptics such as Berlioz and Verdi.

====Politics====

In politics, as democracy and popular government spread, religious motivations moved people into one party or the other. In Catholic countries such as France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal, sharp confrontations emerged between clericals and anti-clericals; in countries with mixed Catholic and Protestant populations such as Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Britain and the U.S., political splits occurred along confessional lines. In the U.S. the great majority of the Catholics became [[Democratic Party|Democrats]]. In Germany the Catholics formed their own Center party to fight off attacks from the Protestants, as during the [[Kulturkampf]].

The British attempt to impose Protestantism on Ireland not only fueled the Catholic revival there but also contributed to its spread via emigration to the U.S. and Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and England itself, all of which increased the Catholic population. The Irish often took control of the Church in each of these countries. The Poles, having lost their nation state in the 1790s, turned to an intense religiosity that preserved national identity and which they carried with them to industrial centers in the U.S. and Germany. In the U.S., some Poles, frustrated with the Irish control of the Church, founded the [[Polish National Catholic Church]].

===20th century===

====Vatican II====

[[File:John-23.jpg|right|thumb|270px|[[Pope John XXIII]] reigned 1958-63]]

The "Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican" (termed [[Vatican II]]), was called by [[Pope John XXIII]] and was in session from 1962 to 1965. It dramatically modernized and transformed church policies, with major changes to official theology and liturgy. Liturgical changes included the introduction of Mass in local languages instead of Latin. Theologically, the council deemphasized the centrality of Mary while also adding a new emphasis on individual and personal holiness. These were ideas previously associated with Protestantism and had, in some cases, been features in the opposition to the Catholic Church since the time of the Protestant Reformation. The Council asserted the Church's support for [[freedom of religion]], declared that the Jews were not guilty of [[deicide]], and recognized the possibility of salvation for Jews, Muslims, and Protestants.

Reactions among Catholics to Vatican II fall into three camps. "Liberal" Catholics, drawing on the established Catholic belief in the "journeying" nature of the Church, see Vatican II and the new period that it marked in Catholic history as representing a significant advancement in man's understanding of the Gospels, which in turn justifies changes in Catholic belief and practice. "Conservative" Catholics (including the most recent popes) hold that the decrees of the Council, properly understood, are wholly in line with the historic Catholic faith, and that they should not be used as an excuse for unwarranted innovations. "Traditional" (or "[[Traditionalist Catholicism|traditionalist]]") Catholics regard the teachings of Vatican II as problematic, or even as heretical. Some of these Catholics created new churches which use the old liturgies.

===21st Century===

Current issues facing the Catholic Church include:

* The effect of liberal legislation on Catholic hospitals (such as funding for abortion)
* The aftermath of recurrent sexual abuse scandals during the 1900s and 2000s
* Increasing atheism and secularism in Europe
* The challenge of Islam

== See also ==

*[[Cafeteria Catholic]]
*[[Catholic views on creationism‎]]
*[*[[Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer]]
*[[Pope John Paul II]]
*[[Vatican City]]

==External links==
[[Image:Virgen.jpg|right|thumb|Virgin Mary and Child]]

*[http://www.Vatican.va The Vatican]
*A digital version of [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/ ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''].
*[http://www.cua.edu/ The Catholic University of America] Washington, D. C.
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11567b.htm St. Paul] Catholic Encyclopedia.
*[http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church] Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church web site.
*[http://www.pellegrinocattolico.com/index.html Al Pellegrino Cattolico] Italian web site.

==Further reading==
* Bokenkotter, Thomas. ''A Concise History of the Catholic Church'' (2005) [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-History-Catholic-Church/dp/0385516134/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241119912&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]
* Brown, Peter. ''The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity 200-1000 AD'' (2002), 640pp
* Chadwick, Owen. ''A History of the Popes, 1830-1914.'' (1998), 616pp; a standard recent history. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=12355195 online edition],
* Holland, Joe. ''Modern Catholic Social Teaching: The Popes Confront the Industrial Age 1740-1958.'' Paulist Press, 2003. 404 pp.
* Kung, Hans. ''The Catholic Church: A Short History'' (2003), by a leading Catholic scholar [http://www.amazon.com/Catholic-Church-History-Library-Chronicles/dp/0812967623/ref=sr_1_15?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241119912&sr=8-15 excerpt and text search]
* Latourette, Kenneth Scott. ''Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries'' 5 Vol'' (1958), a detailed history of Christianity 1800-1950 by a Protestant scholar. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101463833 vol 1 online edition]
* O'Toole, James M. ''The Faithful: A History of Catholics in America'' (2008) [http://books.google.com/books?id=BFlBzSAVW6kC&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:The+intitle:Faithful+intitle:A+intitle:History+intitle:of+intitle:Catholics+intitle:in+intitle:America&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=0 excerpt and text search]

===Reference===
* ''New Catholic 'Encyclopedia'' (1967), complete coverage of all topics by Catholic scholars
* ''Catholic Encyclopedia,'' (1913) [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/ online edition] complete coverage by Catholic scholars; the articles were written about 100 years ago
* Coppa, Frank J., ed. ''Great Popes through History: An Encyclopedia.'' (2002). 600 pp.
* Kelly, J.N.D. ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'' (1988). 349pp; scholarly short biographies; [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54850171 online edition]

==References==

<references/>

[[Category:Catholic Church| ]]
[[Category:Christian History]]
[[Category:Christian Denominations]]

Earlobe

2011-09-30T01:11:16Z

RLorain: Article was very sparse, said 'some' humans, I think most. Flushing out -- adding details.

The '''earlobe''' is a part of the bottom of the [[ear]] found on most [[human|humans]] and is made of connective [[tissue|tissues]], [[fat]], but does not contain any [[cartilage]] like the majority of the structure of the ear<ref>http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Ear_lobe</ref>. [[Evolutionism|Evolutionists]] argue that earlobes are a useless [[vestigial]] structure, and fail, or refuse to consider [[intelligent design]], or [[Genesis_1-8_(Translated)|Genesis 1:27]]. Earlobes most commonly are either "attached" or "unattached" to the side of the face. Earlobes may also refer to the fatty tissue underneath a [[chicken|chicken's]] ear<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/earlobe</ref><ref>http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Do_chickens_have_ears</ref><ref>http://madsci.org/posts/archives/1999-04/924032470.Zo.r.html</ref>.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Anatomy]]

User:RLorain

2011-09-29T06:04:10Z

RLorain: organizing my thoughts

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[anapest]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[spondee]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[caesura]] -- added missing poetic technique (plane to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

[[aubade]] -- missing poetic thematic form

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Caesura

2011-09-29T06:03:12Z

RLorain: Adding missing poetic technique.

A '''caesura''' is a poetic technique in which a line of [[poetry|verse]] is broken, similar to [[enjambment]], but a line of verse broken by caesura generally contains meaning in itself, or serves as a rhythmic device. An example of caesura can be found in [[William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare's]] ''Othello'':

{{cquote|
Ah, balmy breath, that dost almost persuade 
Justice to break her sword! One more, one more. 
Be thus when thou art dead, and I will kill thee, 
And love thee after.<ref>http://myweb.stedwards.edu/georgek/poetics/devices.html</ref>
}}

== References ==
<references />

[[category:poetry]]

Talk:Denmark and bestiality

2011-09-29T05:46:08Z

RLorain: Created page with "Yuck -- I'm Danish, I really resent this article, seriously, when is this project going to stop propagating into every subject. It's libel at best. --~~~~"

Yuck -- I'm Danish, I really resent this article, seriously, when is this project going to stop propagating into every subject. It's libel at best. --[[User:RLorain|RLorain]] 01:46, 29 September 2011 (EDT)

Poetic meter

2011-09-27T17:07:31Z

RLorain:

'''Poetic meter''' is the method by which a poet connects sound to style in poetry. Words alone are an [[essay]]; words with a distinctive sound scheme, which independently convey a theme all their own, comprise [[poetry]], and poetic meter is the device by which the poet achieves this distinction.

==Meter==
There are various kinds of meter, and meter has two different "characteristics." First, meter is defined by the number of "feet" - or, syllable groups - per line. Meter is demarcated along this dimension as:
*Trimeter.
*Tetrameter.
*Pentameter
*etc, etc.

==Poetic Feet==
The way that syllables are grouped is also important. Syllables are stressed and unstressed to convey a different idea or cadence of speech, to create an impression of casualness, or hurry, perhaps.

Second, the meter is defined by the predominant style of the ''poetic feet'' in the line. Tetrameter formed largely with [[iamb|iambs]] is "iambic tetrameter." Some types of poetic feet are:
*[[Iamb]]
*[[Trochee]]
*[[Dactyl]]
*[[Anapest]]
*[[Spondee]]

Other poetic devices include the bifurcation of the line with a [[caesura]]: a distinct stop in the middle of the line, separating the thoughts in the line into distinct groups. The caesura was used often in "middle English" poetry, like in [[Beowulf]].<ref>http://www.editoreric.com/greatlit/translations/Beowulf.html</ref> <ref>http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/english/allen/beoterms.htm</ref>

==See Also==
*[http://www.uncg.edu/~htkirbys/meters.htm Guide to Poetic Meters]

==References==
<references/>

[[category:poetry]]

User:RLorain

2011-09-27T17:04:04Z

RLorain:

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[anapest]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[spondee]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

[[aubade]] -- missing poetic thematic form
[[caesura]] -- missing poetic element

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Spondee

2011-09-27T17:00:39Z

RLorain: Adding missing metrical foot

A '''spondee''' is a metrical unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of two stressed (accented) syllables<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/spondee</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of spondees are referred to as spondaic. For instance, a line consisting of five sets of spondees would be considered to be in spondaic pentameter.

Some examples of spondaic words are:

*Football
*Dumbbell
*Childhood
*Shortcake<ref>http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Examples%20of%20iambs.pdf</ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Anapest

2011-09-27T16:57:32Z

RLorain: spelling

An '''anapest''' is a metrical unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of two unstressed (unaccented) syllables followed by a stressed (accented) syllable<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anapest</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of anapests are referred to as anapestic. For instance, a line consisting of five sets of anapests would be considered to be in anapestic pentameter. The word anapest itself is an anapestic word.

Some examples of anapestic words are:

*Understand
*Interrupt
*Comprehend
*Contradict<ref>http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Examples%20of%20iambs.pdf</ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Anapest

2011-09-27T16:55:34Z

RLorain:

An '''anapest''' is a metrical unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of two unstressed (unaccented) styllables followed by a stressed (accented) syllable<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anapest</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of anapests are referred to as anapestic. For instance, a line consisting of five sets of anapests would be considered to be in anapestic pentameter. The word anapest itself is an anapestic word.

Some examples of anapestic words are:

*Understand
*Interrupt
*Comprehend
*Contradict<ref>http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Examples%20of%20iambs.pdf</ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

User:RLorain

2011-09-27T16:52:56Z

RLorain: updating list of things to do

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[anapest]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

[[spondee]] -- missing metrical foot

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Dactyl

2011-09-27T16:52:39Z

RLorain: minor word change

A '''dactyl''' is a metrical unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of one stressed (accented) syllable followed by two unstressed (unaccented) syllables<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dactyl</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of dactyls are referred to as dactylic. For instance, a line consisting of five sets of dactyls would be considered to be in dactylic pentameter.

A few examples of dactylic words are:

*strawberry
*carefully
*changeable
*[[liberal]]
*merrily
*mannequin
*tenderly<ref>http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/examples%20of%20iambs.pdf</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Poetry]]

Trochee

2011-09-27T16:52:23Z

RLorain: minor word change - adding reference that trochee itself is trochaic

A '''trochee''' is a metrical unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of a stressed (accented) syllable followed by an unstressed (unaccented) syllable<ref>"trochee, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 28 August 2011</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of trochees are referred to as trochaic. For instance, a line consisting of five sets of trochees would be considered to be in trochaic pentameter. The word trochee itself is trochaic.

One of the most famous literary works that is predominately in trochaic meter is [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]'s ''The Song of Hiawatha''. Another example is from a well known children's rhyme:

(/) Stressed (~) Unstressed

Eeny(/~), meeny(/~), miny(/~), moe(/) 
Catch(/) a(~) tiger(/~) by(/) the(~) toe(/)<ref>http://www.writing-world.com/poetry/meter.shtml</ref>

Often the use of trochaic meter is an indication of a switch in tone or voice. Lines of verse that chiefly employ [[Iamb|Iambs]] such as Iambic Pentameter have a sing song quality, and more closely match the natural tendencies of conversational speech. In contrast, trochees come across as more punctuated, authoritative, connotative of power, and finality.

An example of tonal change can be found in [[William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare's]] [[King Lear]] in the final [[stanza]] in which King Lear speaks before he dies.

{{cquote|And my poor fool is hang'd! No, no, no life! 
Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life, 
And thou no breath at all? Thou'lt come no more, 
Never, never, never, never, never! 
Pray you, undo this button: thank you, sir. 
Do you see this? Look on her, look, her lips, 
Look there, look there!<ref>http://shakespeare.mit.edu/lear/full.html</ref>}}

The line "Never, never, never, never, never" employs [[anaphora]] (repetition) for rhythm in combination with trochaic pentameter. This contrasts the rest of the play which is chiefly in Iambic Pentameter, and accents the finality of Lear's final words.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Anapest

2011-09-27T16:51:52Z

RLorain: Adding missing metrical foot

An '''Anapest''' is a metrical unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of two unstressed (unaccented) styllables followed by a stressed (accented) syllable<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anapest</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of anapests are referred to as anapestic. For instance, a line consisting of five sets of anapests would be considered to be in anapestic pentameter. The word anapest itself is an anapestic word.

Some examples of anapestic words are:

*Understand
*Interrupt
*Comprehend
*Contradict<ref>http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Examples%20of%20iambs.pdf</ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

User:RLorain

2011-09-04T19:59:55Z

RLorain:

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[dactyl]] -- added missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

[[anapest]] -- missing poetic foot

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Dactyl

2011-09-04T19:59:07Z

RLorain: Adding missing poetic foot -- preliminary, will reconsider/revise over time

A '''dactyl''' is a unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of one stressed (accented) syllable followed by two unstressed (unaccented) syllables<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dactyl</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of dactyls are referred to as dactylic. For instance, if a line consisted of five sets of dactyls, it would be considered to be in dactylic pentameter.

A few examples of dactylic words are:

<ul>
<li>strawberry</li>
<li>carefully</li>
<li>changeable</li>
<li>merrily</li>
<li>mannequin</li>
<li>tenderly<ref>http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/examples%20of%20iambs.pdf</ref></li>
</ul>

== References ==
<references />

Trochee

2011-09-04T19:55:30Z

RLorain: clarifying example

A '''trochee''' is a unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of a stressed (accented) syllable followed by an unstressed (unaccented) syllable<ref>"trochee, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 28 August 2011</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of trochees are referred to as trochaic. For instance, if a line consisted of five sets of trochees, it would be considered to be in trochaic pentameter.

One of the most famous literary works that is predominately in trochaic meter is [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]'s ''The Song of Hiawatha''. Another example is from a well known children's rhyme:

(/) Stressed (~) Unstressed

Eeny(/~), meeny(/~), miny(/~), moe(/) 
Catch(/) a(~) tiger(/~) by(/) the(~) toe(/)<ref>http://www.writing-world.com/poetry/meter.shtml</ref>

Often the use of trochaic meter is an indication of a switch in tone or voice. Lines of verse that chiefly employ [[Iamb|Iambs]] such as Iambic Pentameter have a sing song quality, and more closely match the natural tendencies of conversational speech. In contrast, trochees come across as more punctuated, authoritative, connotative of power, and finality.

An example of tonal change can be found in [[William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare's]] [[King Lear]] in the final [[stanza]] in which King Lear speaks before he dies.

{{cquote|And my poor fool is hang'd! No, no, no life! 
Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life, 
And thou no breath at all? Thou'lt come no more, 
Never, never, never, never, never! 
Pray you, undo this button: thank you, sir. 
Do you see this? Look on her, look, her lips, 
Look there, look there!<ref>http://shakespeare.mit.edu/lear/full.html</ref>}}

The line "Never, never, never, never, never" employs [[anaphora]] (repetition) for rhythm in combination with trochaic pentameter. This contrasts the rest of the play which is chiefly in Iambic Pentameter, and accents the finality of Lear's final words.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Whitstable

2011-09-04T19:36:35Z

RLorain: fixing up some refs, expanding some other stuff, general cleanup

'''Whitstable''' is a town on the north [[Kent]] coast, in Southern England. As a coastal town, Whitstable's primary industry is [[fishing]] and [[tourism]] associated with its [[oyster]] harvesting. Whitstable has a strong arts community, and long maritime history, and hosts an annual Oyster Festival, every July<ref>http://www.canterbury.co.uk/canterbury-district/whitstable.aspx</ref>. It was famously the home of actor [[Peter Cushing]] until his death in 1994. A section of beach was named "Cushing's View" because of the admiration locals had for him<ref>http://www.seewhitstable.com/whitstable-beaches.html</ref>.

== References ==
<references />

[[category:United Kingdom Cities and Towns]]

User:RLorain

2011-09-04T19:20:37Z

RLorain: planning a few pages

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

[[anapest]] -- missing poetic foot
[[dactyl]] -- missing poetic foot

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Poetic meter

2011-09-04T19:20:24Z

RLorain: adding anapest as poetic foot -- working on the new entry

'''Poetic meter''' is the method by which a poet connects sound to style in poetry. Words alone are an [[essay]]; words with a distinctive sound scheme, which independently convey a theme all their own, comprise [[poetry]], and poetic meter is the device by which the poet achieves this distinction.

==Meter==
There are various kinds of meter, and meter has two different "characteristics." First, meter is defined by the number of "feet" - or, syllable groups - per line. Meter is demarcated along this dimension as:
*Trimeter.
*Tetrameter.
*Pentameter
*etc, etc.

==Poetic Feet==
The way that syllables are grouped is also important. Syllables are stressed and unstressed to convey a different idea or cadence of speech, to create an impression of casualness, or hurry, perhaps.

Second, the meter is defined by the predominant style of the ''poetic feet'' in the line. Tetrameter formed largely with [[iamb|iambs]] is "iambic tetrameter." Some types of poetic feet are:
*[[Iamb]]
*[[Trochee]]
*[[Dactyl]]
*[[Anapest]]

Other poetic devices include the bifurcation of the line with a [[caesura]]: a distinct stop in the middle of the line, separating the thoughts in the line into distinct groups. The caesura was used often in "middle English" poetry, like in [[Beowulf]].<ref>http://www.editoreric.com/greatlit/translations/Beowulf.html</ref> <ref>http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/english/allen/beoterms.htm</ref>

==See Also==
*[http://www.uncg.edu/~htkirbys/meters.htm Guide to Poetic Meters]

==References==
<references/>

[[category:poetry]]

Trochee

2011-08-31T15:05:16Z

RLorain: adding cquote

A '''trochee''' is a unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of a stressed (accented) syllable followed by an unstressed (unaccented) syllable<ref>"trochee, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 28 August 2011</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of trochees are referred to as trochaic. If a line consisted of five sets of trochees, it would be considered to be in trochaic pentameter.

One of the most famous literary works that is predominately in trochaic meter is [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]'s ''The Song of Hiawatha''. Another example is from a well known children's rhyme:

(/) Stressed (~) Unstressed

Eeny(/~), meeny(/~), miny(/~), moe(/) 
Catch(/) a(~) tiger(/~) by(/) the(~) toe(/)<ref>http://www.writing-world.com/poetry/meter.shtml</ref>

Often the use of trochaic meter is an indication of a switch in tone or voice. Lines of verse that chiefly employ [[Iamb|Iambs]] such as Iambic Pentameter have a sing song quality, and more closely match the natural tendencies of conversational speech. In contrast, trochees come across as more punctuated, authoritative, connotative of power, and finality.

An example of tonal change can be found in [[William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare's]] [[King Lear]] in the final [[stanza]] in which King Lear speaks before he dies.

{{cquote|And my poor fool is hang'd! No, no, no life! 
Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life, 
And thou no breath at all? Thou'lt come no more, 
Never, never, never, never, never! 
Pray you, undo this button: thank you, sir. 
Do you see this? Look on her, look, her lips, 
Look there, look there!<ref>http://shakespeare.mit.edu/lear/full.html</ref>}}

The line "Never, never, never, never, never" employs [[anaphora]] (repetition) for rhythm in combination with trochaic pentameter. This contrasts the rest of the play which is chiefly in Iambic Pentameter, and accents the finality of Lear's final words.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Anaphora

2011-08-31T15:04:33Z

RLorain: expanding a little, adding reference, adding Psalm 93

'''Anaphora''' is the repetition of the same [[word]] or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or [[Clause|clauses]]. It is often used to create a rhythmic effect, or to highlight the importance of a concept. As one of the oldest poetic devices, it is a common feature in devotional and religious poetry, and is found in many [[Psalms]]<ref>http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/5770</ref>.

{{cquote|The floods have lifted up, O LORD, the floods have lifted up their voice; the floods lift up their waves.
-- Psalm 93:3}}

Another excellent example can be found in [[Shakespeare|Shakespeare's]] ''Richard II'':

{{cquote|'''This''' royal throne of kings, '''this''' sceptred isle, '''This''' earth of majesty, '''this''' seat of Mars, '''This''' other Eden, demi-paradise, '''This''' fortress built by Nature for herself Against infection and the hand of war.}}

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Literary Devices]]
[[Category:Poetry]]

User:RLorain

2011-08-31T15:04:13Z

RLorain:

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
<li>[[anaphora]] -- want to expand a little on this</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=ENG |info=Master of the English Language}}
|-
| {{User coder}}
| {{User HTML}}
| {{User free software}}
|-
| {{User comp-5}}
| {{User comp-5 v2}}
| {{User comp-6}}
|-
| {{User research}}
| {{User American}}
| {{User C}}
|-
| {{User Geek}}
| {{User noracists}}
| {{User Mythbusters}}
|-
| {{User Earth}}
| {{User Socrates}}
| {{User lose weight}}

|}

Trochee

2011-08-31T15:04:00Z

RLorain: fix spelling of anaphora

A '''trochee''' is a unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of a stressed (accented) syllable followed by an unstressed (unaccented) syllable<ref>"trochee, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 28 August 2011</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of trochees are referred to as trochaic. If a line consisted of five sets of trochees, it would be considered to be in trochaic pentameter.

One of the most famous literary works that is predominately in trochaic meter is [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]'s ''The Song of Hiawatha''. Another example is from a well known children's rhyme:

(/) Stressed (~) Unstressed

Eeny(/~), meeny(/~), miny(/~), moe(/) 
Catch(/) a(~) tiger(/~) by(/) the(~) toe(/)<ref>http://www.writing-world.com/poetry/meter.shtml</ref>

Often the use of trochaic meter is an indication of a switch in tone or voice. Lines of verse that chiefly employ [[Iamb|Iambs]] such as Iambic Pentameter have a sing song quality, and more closely match the natural tendencies of conversational speech. In contrast, trochees come across as more punctuated, authoritative, connotative of power, and finality.

An example of tonal change can be found in [[William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare's]] [[King Lear]] in the final [[stanza]] in which King Lear speaks before he dies.

And my poor fool is hang'd! No, no, no life! 
Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life, 
And thou no breath at all? Thou'lt come no more, 
Never, never, never, never, never! 
Pray you, undo this button: thank you, sir. 
Do you see this? Look on her, look, her lips, 
Look there, look there!<ref>http://shakespeare.mit.edu/lear/full.html</ref>

The line "Never, never, never, never, never" employs [[anaphora]] (repetition) for rhythm in combination with trochaic pentameter. This contrasts the rest of the play which is chiefly in Iambic Pentameter, and accents the finality of Lear's final words.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Archbishop of Canterbury

2011-08-31T14:42:12Z

RLorain: southernmost is a single word

In the [[Anglican Church]], the '''Archbishop of Canterbury''' is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury and the senior bishop in the province of Caterbury, the southernmost and largest of England's two ecclesiatical provinces. He is also the Primate of All [[England]] and leader of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The current Archbishop of Canterbury is Dr. [[Rowan Williams]] (2002- ), who was seen as a theological liberal when he was chosen to be Archbishop. His time as head of the Anglican Communion has been marked by almost ceaseless controversy between liberal and traditionalist churches, clergy, and laity.

==Peerage==

The Archbishop is a [[Lord Spiritual]] in the [[House of Lords]] as long as he holds his position. The practice has developed of appointing retired archbishops as peers so that they continue to sit in the Lords after their retirement.

==Present and former Archbishops==

The present Archbishop, the Most Reverend and Right Honourable [[Rowan Williams]] (2002- ), is a former academic theologian who had previously served as Archbishop of Wales.

Archbishop Williams was preceded by Archbishop [[George Carey]] (1991-2002). Carey rose from working-class origins through the church's ranks, and was seen as being part of the Church of England's [[Evangelism|evangelical]] wing.

Carey was preceded by Archbishop [[Robert Runcie]] (1980-1991). Runcie was seen as a fully-paid-up member of the British Establishment, whose contacts and knowledge of protocol were markedly superior to those of Archbishop Carey. His natural home was the [[High Church]] wing of the Church of England, whose beliefs and practices have some affinities with [[Roman Catholicism]].

There has been an Archbishop of Canterbury since St. Augustine of Canterbury who, in the late fifth century, was sent as a missionary to Britain by Pope Gregory the Great.

== See also ==

*[[Canterbury Cathedral]]

[[Category:England]]
[[Category:British History]]
[[Category:Anglicans]]

User:RLorain

2011-08-30T04:59:11Z

RLorain: makings lists and just sort of organizing my own thoughts, i love it when a plan comes together.

Poet, English Enthusiast, Academic Web Developer, Hopelessly Optimistic

<blockquote>
Blessèd sister, holy mother, spirit of the fountain, spirit of the 
garden, 
Suffer us not to mock ourselves with falsehood 
Teach us to care and not to care 
Teach us to sit still 
Even among these rocks, 
Our peace in His will 
And even among these rocks 
Sister, mother 
And spirit of the river, spirit of the sea, 
Suffer me not to be separated 

And let my cry come unto Thee. 
-- TS Eliot "Ash Wednesday"
</blockquote>

== Pages I Hope To Improve ==

<ul>
<li>[[pantoum]] -- expanding on poetic form (have done a little work, will work on further revision)</li>
<li>[[poetry]] -- want to expand on historical context, and expand the listing of forms, meters, etc, make a more complete article -- still working on a rough proposal and working out the structure, will post suggested revisions to talk page before I do any major revision</li>
<li>[[iambic pentameter]] -- want to expand on this some</li>
</ul>

There's a lot of pages I'd like to contribute to -- I will post more details as I develop a plan.

== Pages I've Created ==
<ul>
<li>[[trochee]] -- added a missing poetic foot (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[stanza]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
<li>[[quatrain]] -- added missing poetic term (plan to continue improving and revising)</li>
</ul>

== Pages I Plan on Creating ==

Nothing too solid at the moment, I'd like to add more details about poetry terms, add some of the missing metrical and poetic feet, forms, will update when I have a more solid plan.

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| {{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=P |info=Poet}}
| {{User Presbyterian}}
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Trochee

2011-08-28T20:54:08Z

RLorain: Adding missing poetic foot -- preliminary, will reconsider/revise over time, possibly add missing 'anaphra' a bit later.

A '''trochee''' is a unit of a [[poetic meter|poetic foot]] in [[poetry]] which is made up of a stressed (accented) syllable followed by an unstressed (unaccented) syllable<ref>"trochee, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 28 August 2011</ref>. Lines of verse that are predominantly made up of trochees are referred to as trochaic. If a line consisted of five sets of trochees, it would be considered to be in trochaic pentameter.

One of the most famous literary works that is predominately in trochaic meter is [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]'s ''The Song of Hiawatha''. Another example is from a well known children's rhyme:

(/) Stressed (~) Unstressed

Eeny(/~), meeny(/~), miny(/~), moe(/) 
Catch(/) a(~) tiger(/~) by(/) the(~) toe(/)<ref>http://www.writing-world.com/poetry/meter.shtml</ref>

Often the use of trochaic meter is an indication of a switch in tone or voice. Lines of verse that chiefly employ [[Iamb|Iambs]] such as Iambic Pentameter have a sing song quality, and more closely match the natural tendencies of conversational speech. In contrast, trochees come across as more punctuated, authoritative, connotative of power, and finality.

An example of tonal change can be found in [[William Shakespeare|William Shakespeare's]] [[King Lear]] in the final [[stanza]] in which King Lear speaks before he dies.

And my poor fool is hang'd! No, no, no life! 
Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life, 
And thou no breath at all? Thou'lt come no more, 
Never, never, never, never, never! 
Pray you, undo this button: thank you, sir. 
Do you see this? Look on her, look, her lips, 
Look there, look there!<ref>http://shakespeare.mit.edu/lear/full.html</ref>

The line "Never, never, never, never, never" employs [[anaphra]] (repetition) for rhythm in combination with trochaic pentameter. This contrasts the rest of the play which is chiefly in Iambic Pentameter, and accents the finality of Lear's final words.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Hurricane Katrina

2011-08-28T17:21:55Z

RLorain: Undo revision 906985 by TylerP (talk) (no moar!)

[[Image:NOAA-Hurricane-Katrina-Aug28-05.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Hurricane Katrina, on August 28, 2005]]
'''Hurricane Katrina''' in August 2005 was one of the strongest and most devastating storms to impact the coast of the [[United States]] during the last 100 years. With sustained winds during landfall of 125 mph (110 kts) (a strong category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale) and minimum central pressure the third lowest on record at landfall (920 mb), Katrina caused widespread devastation along the central Gulf Coast states of the U.S., with the cities of [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], [[Mobile]], [[Alabama]], and Gulfport, [[Mississippi]] bearing the brunt of Katrina's force, which caused $81.2 billion in damage.

==The tropical storm==
Tropical Storm Katrina developed initially as a tropical depression (TD #12 of the season) in the southeastern [[Bahamas]] on August 23rd. This tropical depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Katrina the next day. It then moved slowly along a northwesterly then westerly track through the Bahamas, increasing in strength during this time. A few hours before landfall in south Florida at around 6.30 EDT on August 25th, Katrina strengthened to become a category 1 (wind speeds of 75mph or greater) tropical storm. Landfall occurred between Hallandale Beach and North [[Miami]] Beach, [[Florida]], with wind speeds of approximately 80 mph (70 kts). Gusts of above 90 mph (78 kts) were measured as Katrina came ashore. As the storm moved southwest across the tip of the Florida peninsula, Katrina's winds decreased slightly before regaining hurricane strength in the Gulf of Mexico. Given that Katrina spent only seven hours over land, its strength was not significantly diminished and it quickly re-intensified shortly after moving over the warm waters of the Gulf.
[[File:President Casino Barge After Katrina PD WC.jpg|300px|left|A Barge was washed ashore after Katrina|left]]
Katrina moved almost due westward after entering the Gulf of Mexico. A mid-level ridge centered over Texas weakened and moved westward allowing Katrina to gradually turn to the northwest and then north into the weakness in the ridging over the days that followed. Atmospheric and sea-surface conditions (an upper level anticyclone over the Gulf and warm SSTs) were conducive to cyclone's rapid intensification, which lead to Katrina attaining 'major hurricane' status on the afternoon of the 26th.

Continuing to strengthen and move northwards during the next 48 hours, Katrina reached maximum wind speeds on the morning of Sunday August 28th of over 170 mph (150 kts, category 5), and its minimum central pressure dropped that afternoon to 902 mb - the 4th lowest on record for an Atlantic storm. Although Katrina, at its peak strength was comparable to Camille's intensity, it was a significantly larger storm and impacted a broader area of the Gulf coast.

Although tropical cyclones of category 5 strength are rarely sustained for long durations (due to internal dynamics), Katrina remained a strong category 4 strength hurricane despite the entrainment of dryer air and an opening of the eyewall to the south and southwest before landfall on the morning of the 29th. Landfalling wind speeds at Grand Isle, Louisiana were approximately 125 mph (110 kts) (strong category 3 intensity) with a central pressure of 920mb - the 3rd lowest on record for a landfalling Atlantic storm in the US. Rainfall amounts for Louisiana and along the Gulf are described below along with other impacts of the storms.

==Rain, wind, and storm surge==
===Eastern Florida===
During its initial landfall in southern Florida, Katrina generated over 5 inches of rainfall across a large area of southeastern Florida. An analysis by NOAA's Climate Prediction Center shows that parts of the region received heavy rainfall, over 15 inches in some locations, which caused localized flooding.

Winds at landfall north of Miami were 80 mph (category 1 strength), leading to some damage and extensive power outages.

===Gulf Coast===
Rainfall from Katrina's outer bands began affecting the Gulf coast well before landfall. As Katrina came ashore on August 29th, rainfall exceeded rates of 1 inch/hour across a large area of the coast. NOAA's Climate Reference Network Station in Newton, MS (60 miles east of Jackson, Mississippi) measured rainfall rates of over an inch an hour for 3 consecutive hours, with rates of over 0.5 in/hr for 5 hours during August 29th. Precipitation analysis from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center show that rainfall accumulations exceeded 8-10 inches along much of the hurricane's path and to the east of the track.

Wind speeds over 140 mph were recorded at landfall in southeastern Louisiana while winds gusted to over 100 mph in New Orleans, just west of the eye. As the [[hurricane]] made its second landfall on the Mississippi/Louisiana border, wind speeds were approximately 110 kts (125 mph). Gusts of over 80mph were recorded in Mobile and 90 mph in Biloxi, Mississippi.

The central pressure at landfall was 920 mb, which ranked 3rd lowest on record for U.S.-landfalling storms behind Camille (August 17, 1969, 909 mb) and the Labor Day hurricane that struck the Florida Keys on September 2, 1935 (892 mb). Hurricane Andrew in 1992 dropped to fourth, as its central pressure was 922 mb at landfall. Katrina also reached a minimum central pressure of 902 mb at its peak, ranking 4th lowest on record for all Atlantic basin hurricanes.

===Inland===
As the storm moved inland and weakened to a tropical storm on the 29th, rainfall became the primary impact. Rainfall amounts exceeded 2-4 inches across a large area from the Gulf coast to the Ohio Valley. As a result, flood watches and warnings were common across these regions. Rain bands from Katrina also produced tornadoes causing further damage in areas such as Georgia.

==Impacts==
===Loss of Life===
From the Gulf states (principally Louisiana and Mississippi), the loss of life is estimated to be 1,836 people. It is clearly one of the most devastating [[Natural disasters|Acts of God]] in recent US history. From Katrina's first landfall in Florida, while it was at category one strength, initial estimates suggest 11 deaths resulted.
===Flooding===
[[File:Katrina flooding New Orleans.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Extent of flood damage within the city of New Orleans (NOAA)]]
The loss of life and property damage was worsened by breaks in the levees that separate New Orleans from surrounding lakes. At least 80% of New Orleans was under flood water on August 31st, largely as a result of levee failures from Lake Pontchartrain. The combination of strong winds, heavy rainfall and storm surge led to breaks in the earthen levee after the storm passed, leaving some parts of New Orleans under 20 feet of water. Storm surge from Mobile Bay led to inundation of Mobile, Alabama causing imposition of a dusk-to-dawn curfew for the City. Large portions of Biloxi and Gulfport, Mississippi were underwater as a result of a 20 to 30+ foot storm surge which flooded the cities.
===Oil industry===
A major economic impact for the nation was the disruption to the [[oil]] industry from Katrina. Preliminary estimates from the [[Mineral Management Service]] suggest that oil production in the Gulf of Mexico was reduced by 1.4 million barrels per day (or 95 % of the daily Gulf of Mexico production) as a result of the hurricane. [[Gasoline]] had reached a record high price-per-gallon as of Monday August 30th with concerns over refinery capacity apparently driving the increase.

In addition, the hurricane caused 44 oil spills in Southeast Louisiana, totaling approximately 7 million gallons.<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9365607/ 44 oil spills found in southeast Louisiana]</ref> The vast majority of oil spilled was from on-shore industrial plants and above ground storage depots plus other facilities. Damage to pipelines and oil platforms was very significant. 45 oil platforms were destroyed and 54 pipelines were damaged (10" or larger). <ref> http://www.mms.gov/ooc/press/2006/press0501.htm </ref> 70 oil spills (one barrel or larger) totaling over 11,000 gallons of crude oil and other refined products were reported. 211 minor pollution incidents were also reported. Minor pollution incidents are categorized as incidents involving less than 500 barrels of oil that do not reach the coast line. No significant spills from any offshore wells were reported. <ref> http://www.mms.gov/tarprojects/581/44814183_MMS_Katrina_Rita_PL_Final%20Report%20Rev1.pdf</ref>

===Power outages===
Over 1.7 million people lost power as a result of the storm in the Gulf states, with power companies estimating that it would take more than several weeks to restore power to some locations. Drinking water was also unavailable in New Orleans due to a broken water main that serves the city. Power was lost to 1.3 million customers in southeastern Florida from the initial landfall on August 24th.
===Travel===
Both of New Orleans' airports were flooded and closed on August 30th and bridges of Interstate 10 leading east out of the city were destroyed. Most of the coastal highways along the Gulf were impassable in places and most minor roads near the shore were still underwater or covered in debris as of August 30th. Katrina also disrupted travel as it headed inland, with more than 2 inches of rain falling across a large area from the coast to parts of Ohio during the 48 hours after Katrina made landfall.

==Recovery==

An August 2008 report by Oxfam America showed that while progress has taken place, it is behind expectations, and that much work remains to be done:
*More than 35,000 individuals are still living in FEMA trailers in the Gulf Coast
*Only 12 percent of African-American evacuees who returned to New Orleans after the hurricanes were able to find work, compared with 45 percent of white evacuees
*In Louisiana 82,000 apartments were damaged or destroyed by Katrina and Rita, but the highest official estimate proposes to replace only about 25,000 affordable units
*In Mississippi, federal money that was mandated for use in rebuilding low-income housing was, instead, diverted to improving the shipyards in Biloxi
*Compliance with federal labor laws has been ignored, with frequent occurrences of safety and health violations, wage theft and exploitative treatment of immigrant workers.<ref>http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/president-bushs-legacy-question-visit/story.aspx?guid={D68D716B-779E-496B-A75E-0B1B1014F888}&dist=hppr</ref>

==Political repercussions==
[[File:Mer2006-03p1a.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Flooded school buses in New Orleans]]
The disaster fueled partisan criticism of the response of federal officials, causing significant political damage to the administration of President [[George W. Bush]]. In particular, deaths of 1,836 people were rather pointedly blamed on President Bush and his appointees, on the grounds that their response was "too little, late."

Independent sociological studies have shown that nearly all the deaths were due to people waiting too long to obey the evacuation orders. Also, the Democratic governor and Democratic mayor refused (for as long as it was politically viable) to accept federal help. Internally, resources such as school buses were simply abandoned instead of being used to shuttle out the poor (i.e., black) residents of New Orleans.

==External links==
*[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/reports/tech-report-200501z.pdf NOAA report, in .pdf format]

{{License|license = This work is in the [[public domain]] in the United States because it is a work of the United States Federal Government under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the US Code.| source = [http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/katrina.html]}}

[[category:Weather]]
[[category:Hurricanes]]
[[category:The South]]
[[Category:Natural Disasters]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

Hurricane Katrina

2011-08-28T17:20:20Z

RLorain: Undo revision 906982 by TylerP (talk) (not trying to get into revert war, can someone block him so this stops?)

Hurricane Katrina

2011-08-28T17:18:13Z

RLorain: Undo revision 906975 by TylerP (talk) (from talk page comments, seems like he's here to cause problems)

[[Image:NOAA-Hurricane-Katrina-Aug28-05.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Hurricane Katrina, on August 28, 2005]]
'''Hurricane Katrina''' in August 2005 was one of the strongest and most devastating storms to impact the coast of the [[United States]] during the last 100 years. With sustained winds during landfall of 125 mph (110 kts) (a strong category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale) and minimum central pressure the third lowest on record at landfall (920 mb), Katrina caused widespread devastation along the central Gulf Coast states of the U.S., with the cities of [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], [[Mobile]], [[Alabama]], and Gulfport, [[Mississippi]] bearing the brunt of Katrina's force, which caused $81.2 billion in damage.

==The tropical storm==
Hurricane Katrina developed initially as a tropical depression (TD #12 of the season) in the southeastern [[Bahamas]] on August 23rd. This tropical depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Katrina the next day. It then moved slowly along a northwesterly then westerly track through the Bahamas, increasing in strength during this time. A few hours before landfall in south Florida at around 6.30 EDT on August 25th, Katrina strengthened to become a category 1 (wind speeds of 75mph or greater) hurricane. Landfall occurred between Hallandale Beach and North [[Miami]] Beach, [[Florida]], with wind speeds of approximately 80 mph (70 kts). Gusts of above 90 mph (78 kts) were measured as Katrina came ashore. As the storm moved southwest across the tip of the Florida peninsula, Katrina's winds decreased slightly before regaining hurricane strength in the Gulf of Mexico. Given that Katrina spent only seven hours over land, its strength was not significantly diminished and it quickly re-intensified shortly after moving over the warm waters of the Gulf.
[[File:President Casino Barge After Katrina PD WC.jpg|300px|left|A Barge was washed ashore after Katrina|left]]
Katrina moved almost due westward after entering the Gulf of Mexico. A mid-level ridge centered over Texas weakened and moved westward allowing Katrina to gradually turn to the northwest and then north into the weakness in the ridging over the days that followed. Atmospheric and sea-surface conditions (an upper level anticyclone over the Gulf and warm SSTs) were conducive to cyclone's rapid intensification, which lead to Katrina attaining 'major hurricane' status on the afternoon of the 26th.

Continuing to strengthen and move northwards during the next 48 hours, Katrina reached maximum wind speeds on the morning of Sunday August 28th of over 170 mph (150 kts, category 5), and its minimum central pressure dropped that afternoon to 902 mb - the 4th lowest on record for an Atlantic storm. Although Katrina, at its peak strength was comparable to Camille's intensity, it was a significantly larger storm and impacted a broader area of the Gulf coast.

Although tropical cyclones of category 5 strength are rarely sustained for long durations (due to internal dynamics), Katrina remained a strong category 4 strength hurricane despite the entrainment of dryer air and an opening of the eyewall to the south and southwest before landfall on the morning of the 29th. Landfalling wind speeds at Grand Isle, Louisiana were approximately 125 mph (110 kts) (strong category 3 intensity) with a central pressure of 920mb - the 3rd lowest on record for a landfalling Atlantic storm in the US. Rainfall amounts for Louisiana and along the Gulf are described below along with other impacts of the storms.

==Rain, wind, and storm surge==
===Eastern Florida===
During its initial landfall in southern Florida, Katrina generated over 5 inches of rainfall across a large area of southeastern Florida. An analysis by NOAA's Climate Prediction Center shows that parts of the region received heavy rainfall, over 15 inches in some locations, which caused localized flooding.

Winds at landfall north of Miami were 80 mph (category 1 strength), leading to some damage and extensive power outages.

===Gulf Coast===
Rainfall from Katrina's outer bands began affecting the Gulf coast well before landfall. As Katrina came ashore on August 29th, rainfall exceeded rates of 1 inch/hour across a large area of the coast. NOAA's Climate Reference Network Station in Newton, MS (60 miles east of Jackson, Mississippi) measured rainfall rates of over an inch an hour for 3 consecutive hours, with rates of over 0.5 in/hr for 5 hours during August 29th. Precipitation analysis from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center show that rainfall accumulations exceeded 8-10 inches along much of the hurricane's path and to the east of the track.

Wind speeds over 140 mph were recorded at landfall in southeastern Louisiana while winds gusted to over 100 mph in New Orleans, just west of the eye. As the [[hurricane]] made its second landfall on the Mississippi/Louisiana border, wind speeds were approximately 110 kts (125 mph). Gusts of over 80mph were recorded in Mobile and 90 mph in Biloxi, Mississippi.

The central pressure at landfall was 920 mb, which ranked 3rd lowest on record for U.S.-landfalling storms behind Camille (August 17, 1969, 909 mb) and the Labor Day hurricane that struck the Florida Keys on September 2, 1935 (892 mb). Hurricane Andrew in 1992 dropped to fourth, as its central pressure was 922 mb at landfall. Katrina also reached a minimum central pressure of 902 mb at its peak, ranking 4th lowest on record for all Atlantic basin hurricanes.

===Inland===
As the storm moved inland and weakened to a tropical storm on the 29th, rainfall became the primary impact. Rainfall amounts exceeded 2-4 inches across a large area from the Gulf coast to the Ohio Valley. As a result, flood watches and warnings were common across these regions. Rain bands from Katrina also produced tornadoes causing further damage in areas such as Georgia.

==Impacts==
===Loss of Life===
From the Gulf states (principally Louisiana and Mississippi), the loss of life is estimated to be 1,836 people. It is clearly one of the most devastating [[Natural disasters|Acts of God]] in recent US history. From Katrina's first landfall in Florida, while it was at category one strength, initial estimates suggest 11 deaths resulted.
===Flooding===
[[File:Katrina flooding New Orleans.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Extent of flood damage within the city of New Orleans (NOAA)]]
The loss of life and property damage was worsened by breaks in the levees that separate New Orleans from surrounding lakes. At least 80% of New Orleans was under flood water on August 31st, largely as a result of levee failures from Lake Pontchartrain. The combination of strong winds, heavy rainfall and storm surge led to breaks in the earthen levee after the storm passed, leaving some parts of New Orleans under 20 feet of water. Storm surge from Mobile Bay led to inundation of Mobile, Alabama causing imposition of a dusk-to-dawn curfew for the City. Large portions of Biloxi and Gulfport, Mississippi were underwater as a result of a 20 to 30+ foot storm surge which flooded the cities.
===Oil industry===
A major economic impact for the nation was the disruption to the [[oil]] industry from Katrina. Preliminary estimates from the [[Mineral Management Service]] suggest that oil production in the Gulf of Mexico was reduced by 1.4 million barrels per day (or 95 % of the daily Gulf of Mexico production) as a result of the hurricane. [[Gasoline]] had reached a record high price-per-gallon as of Monday August 30th with concerns over refinery capacity apparently driving the increase.

In addition, the hurricane caused 44 oil spills in Southeast Louisiana, totaling approximately 7 million gallons.<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9365607/ 44 oil spills found in southeast Louisiana]</ref> The vast majority of oil spilled was from on-shore industrial plants and above ground storage depots plus other facilities. Damage to pipelines and oil platforms was very significant. 45 oil platforms were destroyed and 54 pipelines were damaged (10" or larger). <ref> http://www.mms.gov/ooc/press/2006/press0501.htm </ref> 70 oil spills (one barrel or larger) totaling over 11,000 gallons of crude oil and other refined products were reported. 211 minor pollution incidents were also reported. Minor pollution incidents are categorized as incidents involving less than 500 barrels of oil that do not reach the coast line. No significant spills from any offshore wells were reported. <ref> http://www.mms.gov/tarprojects/581/44814183_MMS_Katrina_Rita_PL_Final%20Report%20Rev1.pdf</ref>

===Power outages===
Over 1.7 million people lost power as a result of the storm in the Gulf states, with power companies estimating that it would take more than several weeks to restore power to some locations. Drinking water was also unavailable in New Orleans due to a broken water main that serves the city. Power was lost to 1.3 million customers in southeastern Florida from the initial landfall on August 24th.
===Travel===
Both of New Orleans' airports were flooded and closed on August 30th and bridges of Interstate 10 leading east out of the city were destroyed. Most of the coastal highways along the Gulf were impassable in places and most minor roads near the shore were still underwater or covered in debris as of August 30th. Katrina also disrupted travel as it headed inland, with more than 2 inches of rain falling across a large area from the coast to parts of Ohio during the 48 hours after Katrina made landfall.

==Recovery==

An August 2008 report by Oxfam America showed that while progress has taken place, it is behind expectations, and that much work remains to be done:
*More than 35,000 individuals are still living in FEMA trailers in the Gulf Coast
*Only 12 percent of African-American evacuees who returned to New Orleans after the hurricanes were able to find work, compared with 45 percent of white evacuees
*In Louisiana 82,000 apartments were damaged or destroyed by Katrina and Rita, but the highest official estimate proposes to replace only about 25,000 affordable units
*In Mississippi, federal money that was mandated for use in rebuilding low-income housing was, instead, diverted to improving the shipyards in Biloxi
*Compliance with federal labor laws has been ignored, with frequent occurrences of safety and health violations, wage theft and exploitative treatment of immigrant workers.<ref>http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/president-bushs-legacy-question-visit/story.aspx?guid={D68D716B-779E-496B-A75E-0B1B1014F888}&dist=hppr</ref>

==Political repercussions==
[[File:Mer2006-03p1a.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Flooded school buses in New Orleans]]
The disaster fueled partisan criticism of the response of federal officials, causing significant political damage to the administration of President [[George W. Bush]]. In particular, deaths of 1,836 people were rather pointedly blamed on President Bush and his appointees, on the grounds that their response was "too little, late."

Independent sociological studies have shown that nearly all the deaths were due to people waiting too long to obey the evacuation orders. Also, the Democratic governor and Democratic mayor refused (for as long as it was politically viable) to accept federal help. Internally, resources such as school buses were simply abandoned instead of being used to shuttle out the poor (i.e., black) residents of New Orleans.

==External links==
*[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/reports/tech-report-200501z.pdf NOAA report, in .pdf format]

{{License|license = This work is in the [[public domain]] in the United States because it is a work of the United States Federal Government under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the US Code.| source = [http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/katrina.html]}}

[[category:Weather]]
[[category:Hurricanes]]
[[category:The South]]
[[Category:Natural Disasters]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

Stanza

2011-08-27T21:06:40Z

RLorain: repetition of word

A '''stanza''' is a measure in [[poetry]] in which lines of verse, usually consisting of four or more lines, are grouped. These grouped lines form a division in the [[poem]], and are usually constructed according to a set [[meter|poetic meter]], [[rhyme]] scheme, and any of the particular types of structure according to which the stanzas are framed<ref>"stanza, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 27 August 2011</ref>

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Stanza

2011-08-27T21:00:35Z

RLorain: adding new page -- not sure if that's the correct way to cite it on CP, if not, please let me know.

A '''stanza''' is a measure in [[poetry]] in which lines of verse, usually consisting of four or more lines, are grouped. These grouped lines form a division in the [[poem]], and are usually constructed according to a set poetic [[meter|poetic meter]], [[rhyme]] scheme, and any of the particular types of structure according to which the stanzas are framed<ref>"stanza, n.". OED Online. June 2011. Oxford University Press. 27 August 2011</ref>

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Poetry]]

Pantoum

2011-08-27T20:52:13Z

RLorain: improved somewhat for the time being, will revisit and revise as I expand some poetry pages.

The '''pantoum''' is a form of [[poetry]] which originated in [[Malaysia]], as a short folk poem using the [[oral tradition]], being sung or recited<ref name="poetsorg">http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/5786</ref>.

The original form, in which there were sets of rhyming [[couplets|couplet]], differs from the modern form, which changed over time when introduced to [[Europe]]. [[Victor Hugo]] is credited with introducing this poetic form to Europe<ref name="poetsorg" />.

The modern pantoum form can vary in length, but requires each [[stanza]] to be a [[quatrain]]. The second and fourth lines of each stanza are repeated in the following stanza, and in most circumstances, the first line of the pantoum is repeated in last line of the last stanza.

One exciting aspect of the pantoum is the subtle shifts of context as repeated phrases are revised with different punctuation.In John Ashbury's poem, "Pantoum", the line "Why the court, trapped in a silver storm, is dying." becomes, "Why, the court, trapped in a silver storm, is dying!" when repeated, reflecting the shift in emotion that can occur from a simple change of punctuation<ref name="poetsorg" />.

== References ==

<references/>

[[category:poetry]]

Quatrain

2011-08-27T20:51:17Z

RLorain: created because I'm using this term in my revision of the pantoume page -- i will try to add a page for stanza when I can

A '''quatrain''' is a measurement in [[poetry]], in which the length of [[stanza]] or [[poem]] is four lines<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/quatrain</ref>. A common feature of quatrains are an alternating ABAB rhyme scheme.

== References ==

<references />

[[category:poetry]]

Conservapedia:Contact Us

2011-08-27T20:27:40Z

RLorain: requesting a split of form article into music and poetry

== Taking AP Biology ==
Hello, I'm not sure if this is the right place to ask this, but... I am a student in public high school, and am taking AP Biology. I have just learned that Evolution is an entire '''chapter''' in the course. Would it be moral for me to learn evolution without believeing it just to pass the test? Or should I drop the course? (This would be very time consuming and difficult)- David {{unsigned|DavidKondner}}
::Nothing immoral about learning about evolution at all. Go for it and you will be pleasantly surprised to learn what evolution is actually like. After all, the majority of people have major misconceptions on what it is which leads to their denial of it. Learning about something from those who support it is always best for learning the truth about the subject, don't limit your understanding of things to just those against it. [[User:Riddles|Riddles]] 23:30, 14 October 2009 (EDT)

I think Riddle is a very smart man and you should listen to what he has to say. No, you don't need to believe in evolutionism, but how are we suppose to become one peaceful humanity without learning about one another. [[user:horenvalle]] 14:01, October 16 2009 (EDT)

:::Learn a falsehood and pretend it's true, and more falsehoods, confusion, depression and errors will follow. Realize that atheists must believe in evolution despite its falsehood and you'll immediately see why they push, and push, and push it in public schools.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 22:56, 14 October 2009 (EDT)

::::"Know the enemy and know yourself; in a hundred battles you will never peril. [[Sun Tzu]]"
::::If there's ''only'' a chapter on evolution in your course, I'd be amazed. Any non-creationist course on [[biology]] is likely to be [[evolution]]-centric. After all, if one won't accept special [[creation]], it's the only game in town! Just keep in mind the difference between science (testable, repeatable) and just-so stories ("This feature arose because ..."). Here are a couple of links you might find useful and encouraging:
::::*[http://www.answersingenesis.org/docs2004/0920classroom.asp ‘Creation evangelism’ in the public school classroom]
::::*[http://creation.com/how-do-i-do-my-assignment-about-evolution How do I do my assignment about evolution?]
::::You also might want to invest in a copy of Evolution Exposed, a book that breaks down the evolutionary assumptions and explanations, explicit and implicit, and provides both brief answers and directions to finding more information on line.
::::In short, you need to know what the evolutionists teach, even if you know it's wrong. ~ ''[[User:Mdotley|Webster]]'' ([[User talk:Mdotley|talk]]) 15:53, 24 October 2009 (EDT)

::better learn the material. College consists of a lot of required courses you have to take but don't have to believe. [[User:RJJensen|RJJensen]] 01:05, 27 September 2009 (EDT)

:::All the examples of such requirements consist of learning and reciting anti-Christian beliefs. I'm not aware of any colleges or AP tests that require learning a Christian belief to obtain basic credits.

:::Try homeschooling David, or try a college that does not require recitation of evolutionary beliefs.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 01:12, 27 September 2009 (EDT)

Thank you all for your wonderful suggestions! In the end I decided to take the course and found out it wasn’t nearly as bad as a thought it would be. I expressed my concerns to my teacher beforehand and he was very understanding. Before we started the unit he was very clear to the class that evolution was a theory and we were under no obligation whatsoever to believe evolution, however he still expects us to know the material for the AP exam. It’s amazing how similar some of God’s creatures can be and I can almost see how a Godless Atheist might believe they once shared a common ancestor. All in all, the course has been an enlightening experience and, for the most part, has given me greater respect and appreciation for God’s creatures and life in general. --[[User:Davidkon|Davidkon]] 14:59, 3 February 2010 (EST)

:Davidkon, we have no way to confirm your experience, but even if true it is not typically for public school science teachers, most of whom can be very liberal and very dogmatic about the theory of evolution. Also, I find it odd that "he still expects us to know the material for the AP exam." AP exams are like extra credit, for an extra charge, and are rarely a requirement of any public school class.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 17:21, 3 February 2010 (EST)

As I’ve said before, my AP Bio class is relatively harmless, but my AP government class is sure getting out of hand! The entire class is one big batch of liberal propaganda about how social reform is “necessary” and how that the current conservative platform on homosexuality is one of “intolerance and bigotry”, and that’s a direct quote from the textbook! There are countless other biases that I have to deal with on a daily basis. On top of that when I asked my teacher about concerns the course is liberally biased, she told me “David, I’m sorry to tell you this, but ''reality'' has a liberal bias.” Can you believe that!?!--[[User:Davidkon|Davidkon]] 22:22, 2 March 2010 (EST)

== Unable to edit? ==

I would like to post the following to the Jesse Helms article after "Foreign Policy" but am locked out. I don't know why. {{unsigned|BertSchlossberg}}
: Editing is often turned off overnight (U.S. time), which may have been your problem, although that means that you shouldn't have been able to post here, so unless it was turned back on in the meantime, I can't explain it. Would you like to try it again? [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 08:47, 19 December 2007 (EST)

:: Right. The [[Jesse Helms]] entry is not locked.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 09:06, 19 December 2007 (EST)

==When only part of an article is accepted==
I recently posted an entry, [[F-105 Thunderchief]], and included a references section and a category, but in the final article, neither section shows up, although they are clearly present when the "Edit" button is clicked. Just now, this happened again with another entry I tried to make. What gives? Does the site only accept so much information in a new entry? --[[User:Frey|Frey]] 17:58, 27 February 2008 (EST)
:You had a bad <nowiki><ref></nowiki> tag which I have fixed. [[User:BrianCo|BrianCo]] 18:02, 27 February 2008 (EST)
::I did? Oopsie. And thanks.--[[User:Frey|Frey]] 18:09, 27 February 2008 (EST)

==KAL 007 article on Main page==
I would like to propose having the article [[Korean Airlines Flight 007]] as a featured article on the Main page. Thanks.[[User:BertSchlossberg|BertSchlossberg]] 15:32, 1 March 2008 (EST)
(finally got it right!)

: I'd like to review it in detail and hear what others think about it. On its surface, without yet studying it, it appears to be a major work. Congratulations!--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 15:58, 1 March 2008 (EST)
:: There's a [[Conservapedia:Featured articles|page]] for listing proposed featured articles. [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 17:52, 1 March 2008 (EST)

==To Kill The Child/Leaving Beirut==

I just wrote an exteremly long and extensive artical about these two songs. Then, when I went to save the page, it said that it did not save it because there was a quote in their to explain about the song that contained a profanity. What gives? I thought that this website was supposed to educate people, yet people cannot be educated if they cannot know what the artical is talking about and what the proof is. {{unsigned|Std}}
: We have a profanity filter for good reason, but sometimes exceptions need to be made. You haven't supplied enough information for us to judge if this warrants an exception. [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 22:47, 10 April 2008 (EDT)

What exactly are the exeptions that would get me the warrent?

How do you upload an image?

{{unsigned|Std}}
:You have to ask an administrator. There was a problem with people uploading obscene materials. [[User:HenryS|HenryS]] 00:42, 11 April 2008 (EDT)
: An exception would be warranted if, for example, the word caught by the filter was not objectionable in the context. [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 02:57, 11 April 2008 (EDT)

Can anyone do an article on Cong. Larry McDonald, a passenger aboard KAL 007?[[User:BertSchlossberg|BertSchlossberg]] 07:01, 8 May 2008 (EDT)

==Proposal==
I wrote some time ago about making plans to build Conservapedia into a force to be reckoned with. This site has the potential to become a powerful tool, but still has a ways to go, I think. As an example, I just did a search on [http://article.nationalreview.com/print/?q=NDZiMjkwMDczZWI5ODdjOWYxZTIzZGIyNzEyMjE0ODI= ACORN], a group funded by leftist billionaire [[George Soros]] that is becoming a very serious threat to the integrity of local elections. All I found was a one-line page about the oak tree. Of course the solution to this is to simply create the page myself. But I don't think this solves the larger issue; to my knowledge, there isn't a program of incentives inviting conservatives to contribute high-quality information and research articles on our opposition. How do we do this?

For one, I take it that Conservapedia gets some heavy traffic. Heavy traffic = $$$ in potential advertising revenue. Use that money to attract the right people to help build Conservapedia into a powerhouse of information. This could include rewards for college students, or hired admins (background checked with references and resume, of course). Perhaps contact county or state Republican/conservative groups, show what you've done, and propose a team effort to get more people to contribute articles to the web site.

In short, there's a million ways that this project can grow, and it is more important to me that the conservative cause succeeds than to keep these ideas to myself. My hope is that someone reading this will take hold of them... [[User:Alexander|Alexander]] 17:35, 29 May 2008 (EDT)

My IP address at home appears to have been blocked. Could someone please unblock me? [[User:FOIA|FOIA]] 15:16, 27 June 2008 (EDT)

==Bobby R. Himes==
I have a photo for the new article [[Bobby R. Himes]]. Can I get permission to upload it?[[User: Bhathorn|Bhathorn]] 18:24, 29 August 2008 (EDT)
: If the picture is on-line (and available for Conservapedia to use, of course), post the address here or click [[Special:Emailuser/Philip_J._Rayment|here]] to e-mail me the link and I can upload it to Conservapedia for you. If it's on your computer, e-mail me via that link anyway and I will reply with my e-mail address for you to e-mail me the picture, so I can then upload it. [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 23:59, 29 August 2008 (EDT)

==Banning policy?==
Hello, I represent a website interested in your work. However recently a member of ours, JMcClane used your website and edited a page on Obama because it stated he was a Muslim, which it has been proven he isn't, he has been banned for 5 years, care to comment? It was a JPatt who did the banning, would he like to comment too?
:JMcClane removed a large amount of material in that article and replaced it with this:
::''"Obama is regularly mistaken as Islamic due to his second name, in fact he is not Muslim though stands for equality between religions. He is in fact Christian, though rumours were spread by Conservative spin Doctors hoping to turn the public against him."''
:And who is JMcClane to you? Care to comment on that? [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 14:16, 12 October 2008 (EDT)

:Beyond the fact that you didn't answer my question mate, we're part of the same website who are interested in the current election in America, you might have heard of it. He became involved in this site and this happened, so I reiterate, gonna answer the question properly?
::I did answer your question, "mate", and you're not going to act like you run ''this place''; you will answer mine now. [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 14:33, 12 October 2008 (EDT)

:As I said, we're part of the same website. I'm sorry about the mate comments, I'm just friendly like that. You've said you banned him cause of the edit, but isn't it kind of harsh as it is proven he's not Muslim so the entire article was pointless. That's all I'd like to know. And 5 years does seem steep.

Which website do you represent? Why are you interested in Conservapedia? Our banning policy is carefully calibrated and appropriate to the demands of the various situations. And sign your posts with four tildes, please; we are not interested in anonymous 'contributions'. [[User:Bugler|Bugler]] 17:10, 17 October 2008 (EDT)

==Google misdirection==
In Google Search, the entry for ""Alger Hiss - Conservapedia" was changed today from "http://www.conservapedia.com/Alger_Hiss" to misdirect to the nonexistent Web page "http://www.conservativeencyclopedia.com/wiki/Alger_Hiss." Is there a way to ask Google to restore the correct link? [[User:FOIA|FOIA]] 13:19, 4 February 2009 (EST)

*Thanks for noticing and reporting this, FOIA, but nothing needs to be done. When we had the hard drive failure, and temporarily re-directed, the search engine bots picked that up. Now that things are restored, the bots will report back to all the search engines, and in due time will be directing properly. The Google (and all other engines) are smart enough to compare and repair. Or so they say. Administrator Conservative might have more insight into this, and I have linked him to this page. --[[User:TK|'''₮K''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 14:23, 4 February 2009 (EST)
** For what its worth, Google is pretty much 100% automated. They almost never manually intervene in their search results, and that's generally due to a court or otherwise governmental order. [[User:ArthurA|ArthurA]] 14:38, 4 February 2009 (EST)
*** You mean that they generally ''only'' intervene due to court or governmental orders, correct? [[User:Npov2|Npov2]] 00:56, 24 April 2009 (EDT)

== Copyright? ==
I'd like to comment that [[:File:Kathleen Sebelius.jpg]] should probably be tagged as “fair use” rather than as “public domain.” Also, I think the description of the {{tl|commons}} template, both in [[Help:List of Templates]] and in the template body itself, is slightly misleading: items in Wikimedia Commons are not necessarily in the public domain. Thank you. [[User:Npov2|Npov2]] 00:56, 24 April 2009 (EDT)

== In the News ==
I'm not sure how to submit suggestions, so I'll post this here: Timothy Larsen, "[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124355313058264477.html Look Who's a Believer Now]," ''The Wall Street Journal'', May 29, 2009, p. W13. [[User:FOIA|FOIA]] 10:40, 1 June 2009 (EDT)

== Google Gadget? ==
I understand that [[google]] has problems, but has there ever been thought to developing a "Google Gadget" with a conservapedia news feed?[[User:Mrguido45|Mrguido45]] 20:59, 9 June 2009 (EDT)

== Evolution Feature on the Main Page ==
The section of the main page devoted to the Evolution article states that, "In 2006, the prestigious science journal Science reported concerning the United States: "The percentage of people in the country who accept the idea of evolution has declined from 45 in 1985 to 40 in 2005. Meanwhile the fraction of Americans unsure about evolution has soared from 7 per cent in 1985 to 21 per cent last year." The study was conducted with 2000 Americans (approximately), selected by pseudo-random digit dialing over the telephone. the study found that the portion of people unsure about evolution has increased in a statistically significant manner. The second finding of the study was that the proportion of people who believe in evolution and creationism have not changed in any statistically significant way (i.e.: That the p-value of the 1985 and 2005 data sets is greater than 0.05 - simply put, that there is not enough detectable difference between the respondents in 1985 and 2005 to make any kind of statement about it). Essentially, the study cited on the main page didn't actually prove that the public belief in evolution is declining. I would request a change to that article to remove the irrelevant citation about a decrease in evolutionary thinking among Americans. [[User: Praboud|Praboud]] 19:52, 15 June 2009 (EDT)

== Referred to as a Methodist ==

Hi, I am not sure if this is the right location to ask this, but at the bottom of my user page there is a category section that says "Category: Methodist Conservapedians". I didn't place that there and it isn't available for editing out when I look at the editable content for my user page. I only bring this up because I am not a Methodist and I do not wish to mislead anyone into thinking I am. I do not know who added me to this category or why, or somehow if I accidentally did this myself. If possible, may I be added to the "Agnostic conservapedians" category instead? Thank you. -- [[User:BMcP|BMcP]] 8:42, 20 June 2009 [EDT]

:It appears to be because of your userbox "This user believes in the United States Constitution." When I tried putting it on my user page, the Methodist category automatically appeared there as well. --[[User:OscarJ|OscarJ]] 09:02, 20 June 2009 (EDT)

::Fixed. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 11:20, 20 June 2009 (EDT)

== I might be wrong... ==

But I do see quite a bit of bias on Conservapedia. If this is supposed to be "The Trustworthy Encyclopedia" then shouldn't bias be removed? I think that some of the articles are great and others are blatantly biased based upon the authors moral views. I know that some of the topics go against the beliefs of the people who run this site but it isn't a great way to run things. Tolerance of others and their beliefs, no matter what we think of them, is what Conservapedia should be about. Just my opinion and nothing more.

:Just your '''unsupported''' opinion and nothing more, you might have said.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:35, 20 June 2009 (EDT)

::I could have, but I figured that people would pick that up from "'''I might be wrong...'''". I never had any beliefs that my opinions were supported here, as I had to make an effort to "vocalize" them. Generally people on and off of the internet don't support my opinions.

:::What I meant was that you made a claim of bias without providing any examples to support your claim.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 22:02, 20 June 2009 (EDT)

::::Ah. [[http://www.conservapedia.com/Che_Guevara]] "Ernesto "Che" Guevara" "became a cultural icon for" "'''dumb white teenagers'''." [[http://www.conservapedia.com/Communism]] "Communism is an atheistic political system" Although extremely hilarious, I think that those articles are somewhat biased and detract from Conservapedia's accountability. I have not seen Wikipedia style hijackings yet though.

==Tau ceti to Tau Ceti==

I created an article called [[Tau ceti]], but it should be Tau Ceti, is there anyway the name can be reset as the latter? Thank you. -- [[User:BMcP|BMcP]] 16:00, 24 June 2009 [EDT]

:Yes, there [[Tau Ceti|'''is''']]. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 16:17, 24 June 2009 (EDT)

:: Thanks! -- [[User:BMcP|BMcP]] 16:22, 24 June 2009 [EDT]

==Alger Hiss==
I just tried to link to The Encyclopedia of Ukraine at and got this message:

::Spam protection filter

::The page you wanted to save was blocked by the spam filter. This is probably caused by a link to a blacklisted external site.

The spam filter apparently mistook part of the URL for an obscenity.

Is there any way to fix this? Thanks![[User:FOIA|FOIA]] 21:40, 3 July 2009 (EDT)

*You can give the URL without making it a link, so that people can copy and paste the link into their own browser, but I am not inclined to unblock any part of that corner of the world, for pretty obvious reasons. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 21:44, 3 July 2009 (EDT)

==Kapteyn's star to Kapteyn's Star==

The article I created called [[Kapteyn's star]] was created with a lower case s for star, it should be upper case, could someone with the rights change the title to Kapteyn's Star? Thank you. -- [[User:BMcP|BMcP]] 15:00, 8 July 2009 [EDT]

== Double Redirects ==
All three of the current [[Special:doubleredirects|double redirects]] are protected. Could a Sysop fix them, please? Thanks. ~ ''[[User:Mdotley|Webster]]'' ([[User talk:Mdotley|talk]]) 22:18, 17 September 2009 (EDT)

==I'm having a bit of trouble with some linking==

I'm trying to get the "Weather Report" and "Return to Forever" articles to link to jazz fusion. Instead, it's linking me to another jazz fusion article that I accidentally created and was recently deleted. Any help is much appreciated. [[User:Jdelong11|Jdelong11]]

: Did my change fix this?--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 13:55, 28 December 2009 (EST)

==Username change==
Is it possible to change one's username? I haven't decided what I want the new one to be but will let you know when I have.--[[User:TedM|TedM]] 13:30, 27 September 2009 (EDT)

If this is possible, I would also be interested in doing so, since I have been recently denuked, and it would be disingenuous to continue with this username. [[User:Navy Nuke|Navy Nuke]]

:Sure, just provide your requested new name here and I'll change it.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 08:35, 1 December 2009 (EST)

I'd to change my username to JonathanDP81. I'm standardizing my username across all my websites. [[User:JonathanDP|JonathanDP]] 10:47, 19 June 2010 (EDT)

==User Additions to this site==
Hi, I'm new here and I'm interested in adding some content to Conservapedia, namely in respect to firearm laws. Just a cursory glace makes me think that users can only edit existing topics? Am I wrong?
--[[User:LibGunslinger|LibGunslinger]] 11:28, Dec 10 2009
:You can add new pages if you so desire.--[[User:Jpatt|Jpatt]] 14:32, 10 December 2009 (EST)

==Nova==

I believe this is right place to ask this, so here I am. I want to write an article on the astronomical phenomenon known as a "Nova", however all search on this site for that word is already directed towards "NOVA", a stub on the PBS series of that name. Should I rebuild that article to focus on the astronomical phenomena as that is what the base definition of a nova means? Or start a whole new article, such as "nova_(star)"? Thanks. --[[User:BMcP|BMcP]] 13:18, 28 December 2009 (EST)

: I'll move "NOVA" to "NOVA (PBS)", and you can then have "Nova". Thanks.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 13:56, 28 December 2009 (EST)

::I turned the NOVA page into a disambiguation page that now points to both [[NOVA_(PBS)]] and [[Nova_(star)]], is this good? May want to make it Nova instead of NOVA though. --[[User:BMcP|BMcP]] 17:29, 28 December 2009 (EST)

:::It's fine as you did it. Thanks.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 19:53, 28 December 2009 (EST)

==Deleting Account==
I'm not sure how it's done but I can't seem to find an option to shutdown/cancel my account. Please, shutdown/cancel my account. I've simply decided to not work on this project anymore. I didn't do many edits but if they all have to go, that's fine.
--[[User:Composer|Composer]] 22:14, 16 February 2010 (EST)
:The easiest way is the most direct way, "Composer"...simply stop logging in. --<big>[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]</big>/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 22:24, 16 February 2010 (EST)
::Is that an auto-account deletion function? How many days does it take? I don't want this account sitting on this IP address.
--[[User:Composer|Composer]] 22:28, 16 February 2010 (EST)

==Writing Plan==

User Ed Poor requested a writing plan from me. How exactly do I submit it to him?
Thank you. --[[User:JohnLee|JohnLee]] 16:53, 11 October 2010 (EDT)

: Anyone can post to his talk page: [[User talk:Ed Poor]]. Thanks.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 17:00, 11 October 2010 (EDT)

==Editing Complaint==

Someone started a debate page without posting any comments, so I decided to start the discussion. I spent about half an hour writing the post, clicked on save, and was redirected to a page informing me that I didn't have permission to edit it (Probably because it was the first post). And I was unable to go back and copy/paste what I'd written to post it later. Can someone please fix this so that if you click on a page to edit that you can't edit, it tells you straight away and doesn't simply waste your time. Thanks. - JamesCA, 31 July 2011

==Christianity and Politics==

I'm wondering what is your take (creators of conservapedia) on the mixing of Christianity and politics? I ask because as a young Christian I'm a little confused about how much focus I should give for politics alongside my faith. Other opinions I've read disregard politics completely within a Christian life, as if Christians in general should simply accept and respect whatever form of government rules over them regardless of the corruption or misguided policies such governments may contribute to the falling of the nation. Please clarify this conundrum for me as I feel uncertain if politics should be in any part of my life. God bless. --[[User:gravis57|gravis57]] 12:32PM, 8 August 2011 (EDT)
:Do you mean with regards to being active in politics, or how much your religious beliefs should influence your political opinions? One suggestion, try coming up with and arguing using non-religious points to support views that stem from religious beliefs. It'll enable you to more effectively argue against those who believe that the Bible alone is not enough to justify moral opinions. It'll also give you a wider range of arguments you can call on when discussing religion, politics or morality, and will enable you to more easily come up with counterpoints to arguments that you've never come across before. For example, if you're arguing against gay marriage, try using points such as family values, and the effect it would have on the institution of marriage, instead of using (only) quotes from Leviticus and Deuteronomy, and points based around what God says. - JamesCA (not a creator of conservapedia), August 9 2011

:Not exactly. I'm asking as a Christian to another Christian(s) as to how much politics should be a part of my life, or if they should even be apart of it at all. I mean while the founders of this great nation used God's principles to create a system of government that ensured rights, liberty, and freedom--is it wrong or vain to wish to inform, protect, or care about my country when Christ called us to spread his Word and not (unless I'm mistaken) deal with lesser matters in regard to such (political) things. This is where I'm confused about whether I should become even somewhat active within politics or simply disregard it entirely to focus on Christianity. - gravis57, August 8, 2011

:It's not wrong, and it's not vain, to wish to inform, protect or care about your country. It's part of serving one's country, part of helping people. There are many varied ways that you can help and serve people, and God. Christ called us not just to spread his Word, but to serve. 'For the son of God came not to be served, but to serve.' Can you serve God by becoming involved in politics? Maybe. Could you help people by becoming involved in politics, and by getting Congress to give them what they need? Or would it be better for you to serve another way? If you did become involved in politics, would it make it more difficult for you to serve God? I guess my general point is this: you can still serve God and the people by becoming involved in politics, but whether or not that is the best place for you to serve is a different matter. I'm starting to think that I might not be able to give you as good of an answer as you're looking for. Hopefully someone else will see this and help answer your question. Note about dates: different time zones is causing the inconsistent dates. - JamesCA, August 9 2011

==Request for disambiguation==

Hi there. I was hoping to work on the page [[poetry]] as well as other pages about poetic forms. However, as it exists right now, there is only the page [[form]] which talks about musical form. I'd like to include a form page about poetry, is there any way someone can disambiguate it into 2 articles, form (music), form (poetry) for me? Or is it preferred that I just start a new section within the existing form page? Much love --[[User:RLorain|RLorain]] 16:27, 27 August 2011 (EDT)

Talk:Pantoum

2011-08-27T20:08:02Z

RLorain: Rewrite of Page

== Rewrite of Page ==

This is largely copied and pasted from http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/5786 -- I'm going to take a shot at revising it, and adding appropriate references for the material being used -- just a heads up, much love --[[User:RLorain|RLorain]] 16:08, 27 August 2011 (EDT)

Talk:Poetry

2011-08-27T20:06:17Z

RLorain: whatta ya know, pantoum does exist.

==Traditional/Modern nomenclature==
Doesn't seem correct. Is Shakespeare's blank verse considered "modern?" Come to think of it, does [[Beowulf]] rhyme? I don't think so. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 14:16, 9 April 2007 (EDT)

==Unsourced addition==

Regardless of whether it is traditional or modern poetry, the subject of a poem can be anything. It could be about something as intense as [[suicide]], or as mundane as watching [[television]]. Since there are so many poems written about the important parts of life that affect all [[human]s ([[marriage]], [[death]], [[love]], and the natural world), there are names for poems with these subjects. Clearly, not all poems fit into these categories.

* ''epithalamium'' - a poem that celebrates a [[wedding]]
* ''elegy'' - a poem that remembers the [[dead]]
* ''pastoral'' - a poem describing the joys or sorrows of living close to [[nature]] and away from the city
* ''[[love]]'' - a poem filled with expressions of joy, despair, passion, romance, spirituality, religion or unrequited love.

== Expansion of Poetry Article ==

Hi, so I'd like to expand on this article, it's very limited in scope at the time, and I think poetry is an important subject, historically, contemporarily, etc. I'd like to insert historical information, and expand on forms, perhaps creating some new articles on different forms, I notice there's pages for sonnets and haikus, but missing for certain other forms, sestina, etc. Possibly expand and add articles for Christian poets -- for instance, St. Francis of Asissi is often regarded as a poet, and there's a lack of articles for say John Whittier, etc. Not completely sure the entire scope right now -- but it's definitely an area of interest for me. It may take a little time to put together exactly what I intend, my time is short at the moment, but I wanted to announce my intentions -- I was wondering, would it be best that I post in the talk page any of the major revisions and sections I intend before I commit them to the article? Much love --[[User:RLorain|RLorain]] 14:04, 27 August 2011 (EDT)

Quito

2011-08-27T19:30:31Z

RLorain: Populations statistics were way off at 800,000 -- added some reference tags as well.

'''Quito''' is the [[capital]] city of [[Ecuador]]. It is located at 9,350 feet above [[sea level]]. It has a population of approximately 1.8 million to 2 million<ref>https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html</ref><ref>http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35761.htm</ref>.

Quito historically was one of the capital cities of the [[Inca]]s, second only in importance to [[Cuzco]]. A few Inca ruins are still tangible in Quito today, although most of them were razed by the [[Spaniards]] during the Spanish ''conquisto'' of 1548 pp. The city center in particular is especially well-preserved, including many fine examples of (Spanish) Restoration architecture such as the [[Cathedral of Quito]] and the Basilica of the National Vow, both [[Roman Catholic]] edifices. In 1978, Quito was one of the first cities named as a UNICEF World Heritage Site.

Today, Quito is home to more than 1,800,000 people, including about 100,000 indigenous Ecuadorians, or ''[[Quechua]]''. Most of its population is [[Roman Catholic]].

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Capital Cities]]
[[Category:Ecuador]]
[[Category:South American Cities and Towns]]

Shandy

2011-08-27T19:09:14Z

RLorain: oops again -- link fix -- i'm done now, i swear

'''Shandy''' is a traditional British drink made from [[lemonade]] (in Britain, lemonade may include carbonated citrus drinks, such as Sprite®, or 7-up®), and beer normally mixed 50-50. There are, however, many variations, including substituting lemonade for ginger beer. Aficionados may prefer to have lemonade first or beer first. Traditionally the beer has been traditional [[English]] [[Ale]] but with the popularity of lager beers from [[Europe]] it is permissible to request a lager shandy.

The drink is a very popular refreshment during the summer months as it effectively dilutes the concentration of alcohol and therefore can be consumed in larger amounts. It is not normal for the drink to be served with ice but should be served chilled. Non-alcoholic or very low (<1%) versions are available in cans. Traditional English ales are hand pumped rather than being dispensed through pressurised gas or an electric pump. Owing to the innate fizziness of lemonade, hand-pumped beer is preferred by some connoisseurs

[[Category:Alcoholic Beverages]]