Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

World History Homework Nine - Model

2010-01-29T15:25:12Z

KaGar:

1. Now that you've taken the midterm exam, how might you have prepared better? (5 words or less)

:Begin studying ''sooner''. (Many students)

:By focusing more on how the major empires correlated with one another. (Jenna N.)

:Studying the model answers. (Sandro)

2. [[Religious]] [[wars]] in [[England]]: its loss, [[America]]'s gain. Explain.

:During the 1600’s, there was some of the most horrible religious maltreatment in the history of the world. Protestants ruthlessly persecuted each other and there was also incessant conflict between Protestants and the Catholics. The conflict between Anglicans and Puritans in England was extremely severe, and caused many Puritans to flee to New England. This was England’s loss. America’s gain was when the Quakers were persecuted for their Quaker faith, and William Penn founded the state of Pennsylvania. It’s a good thing the Quakers were persecuted because without them coming to Pennsylvania, spreading their faith, and reaching out to people, America might have never turned out to be like it is today. (Jenn)

:England lost all decency within its great country. It was organized chaos. America gained more citizens by it because people in England got fed up with everything that was going on. (Nate)

:During the religious wars in England, there was a large exodus from England and people traveled to the New World or America. At that time, when a person left home to travel across the world to another place, that person would have to be pretty adventurous to do so. England lost most of its adventurous and creative people which likely slowed down its growth with inventions and knowledge. Now as the New World became known as the United States, this new land had a large group of adventurous people that would be the foundation for this nation. All men created equal and each man could make his fortune based on ability, not birthright. (Sandro)

3. The [[French Revolution]]: all bad, or was there something good about it?

:The French Revolution basically threw out a tyrannical form of government and replaced it with another—the Parisian mobs, and then Napoleon. France has never fully recovered from the anarchy of the Revolution days, but the Revolution was bound to happen sooner or later. Had the French had great, selfless leaders like George Washington and James Madison, their own revolution might have turned out better. (Duncan)

:There probably was some small good that come out of it, but I have no idea what. This was a war in which the leaders had likely adopted the mentality of “the end justifies the means”, which is not a good way to lead a country, even in a revolution. Even if a good end did come, I don’t think that could have justified the senseless murder of innocent civilians. All of France became a slaughterhouse. There may have been some good, but I can’t see it. (Michelle)

4. Pick another [[revolution]] and describe it.

:The American Revolution was a turning point for the world. Different mind-sets and outlooks on life create different results, and by comparing the French Revolution and the American Revolution, this becomes evident. The American Revolution sought complete freedom for it's people, in the world that they could create. (Anna)
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:I chose to write about the Haitian Revolution because I was born there, and when I visit Haiti I arrive in the airport named after Toussaint L'Overture, and I see statues of the revolutionary heroes. Haiti won its independence from France on January 1, 1804. It was the slaves that revolted again the French, and it became the first independent black republic. Independence didn’t help the people much, because dictators took over the government and ruined the country. It is said that a black slave named Boukman made a pact with the devil by promising to give him the land for 200 years if he would help them win the war. Even in 2003, the president in Haiti made voodoo an official religion. I think Haiti suffers today from the voodoo that most people still practice. (Steven)

5. Why do you think it took the [[world]] so long before revolutions started occurring?

:One reason why it took the world so long for revolutions to occur was just because people didn’t know that they were possible. Just like the European philosophers and the concept of “[[zero]]”, how could you discover or use something that you didn’t know existed? (Olivia)

:In Roman times, the emperor would probably have pretty harsh taxes, and the people would be upset with it. But the tax collectors would take more than what the actual tax was. This made the people angrier at the collector than the emperor. There wouldn’t be much cause of an uproar for just one or two tax collectors, but when you have a [[Monarchy]], there’s only one guy to go to. (Jonathan R.)

:... People believ[ed] that rulers really were appointed by God to rule (and in some cases, actually believed the ruler ''was'' God). During the 1800s, people started becoming unhappy with leaders becoming more corrupt. Most everyone joined into that notion, even those who lived in countries that did not have very corrupt rulers. (Tom)

:Because they probably doubted it could be done. Hardly in history had tehre ever been a successful revolution and people were hesitant to attempt the impossible. When America showed the world it was possible, they realized they could do it too. (John)

== Honors Questions (answer '''any 2''' in addition to the above questions) ==
H1. Does [[art]] follow [[politics]], or lead it? Comment in connection with "revolutionary art (including [[music]])."

:Neither. I think that they both go hand in hand. I think that both are expressions of moods of the people. I don’t think that one leads the other; I would say that if one seems to be leading the other, it is simply manifesting itself earlier. I would say that in fact, it is the philosophers, thinkers, and scholars that lead both politics and art, because they are the most direct influence on the mood of the people. (Michelle)

:Art precedes politics because art depicts what the people living in that time period are thinking and their opinions of the government, religion, or society which greatly affects the people in power who try to satisfy the people. The revolutionary art and also music describes the new method of thinking and lifestyles. Romanticism was a movement defined by mostly art and music in the 19th century. It defined the emotion and imagination that many artists felt at that time. Romanticism was a way for artists to express themselves and their ideas in art instead of focusing mostly on the likeness of reality. This type of art brought a new way of thinking and may have help initiate the many revolutions that were going on at that time. (Veronika)

H2. [[Napoleon]]'s Empire: write about any aspect of it that interests you.

:I think that the way Napoleon ruled was very interesting. He bred dislike of foreigners and catered to many of the common people’s likes and dislikes, such as the return of another regime. He also gathered power with his support for French institutions such as the “Concordant of 1801” which confirmed the Catholic church as the major church of France. He catered to the people and supported only France and this is how he rose to great power in the empire. (Joseph M.)

:The thing I find most interesting about Napoleons Empire is the Napoleonic Code. The Napoleonic Code is a French civil code established in 1804. The Code was a successful system of laws that strongly influenced the laws of many other countries. Many view this code as being one of the few documents which have influenced the whole world. (Amanda)

H3. The [[Louisiana Purchase]] was a "win-win" deal, meaning it was advantageous for both sides. Explain.

:The [[Louisiana Purchase]] was advantageous for both sides in that both America and France got something which they wanted and needed. France (led by Napoleon) got $15 million to fight in Europe with, which she desperately needed at the time, and America received 828,800 square miles of land for settlement. France had no use for the West of North America (it was too far and provided no resources) and the United States did. (Duncan)

H4. Comment on the theory or justification of a revolution, and what you think about it.

:The basic idea behind a revolution is that the government is accountable to the people, and that when the government oversteps its authority, the people have a right to change it. While it was a revolutionary idea, this “Social contract” theory makes sense, since it is true that all people inherently have equal rights. This is in fact a Christian idea; Jesus invited the poor and the crippled and the lepers to the dinner table, unrightfully reserved for the rich. One Bible verse which could implicate the theory of revolution is Matthew 22:21, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s….” However, Christ did not condemn wealth or private ownership, and thus not all money actually is Caesar’s. In fact, Caesar all-too-often takes more than his share. When this happens, Caesar is not receiving what is his, but taking what is not his. In this verse, implicit ''support'' for revolution can be found, as the verse implies that Caesar’s power is not unlimited. (Addison)

H5. Write about any other aspect of the lecture.

:In China, movements toward revolution began to spread. In 1911 a rebellion arose, and it ended the rule of the Qinq dynasty. Reformers in China rejected Confucianism and sought to give more rights to the poor and workers. The revolutions marked the beginning of strife and unrest for China, which would lead to its establishment as a Communist nation. (Kara)
[[Category:World History lectures]]

World History Homework Twelve - Model

2010-01-29T15:17:58Z

KaGar:

1. World War II: when, where, who and why? Explain.

:World War II was a world-wide conflict taking place mainly in Europe in which many countries used advanced technology in their war fare. The two opposing alliances were the Allies (British Empire, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (after they broke their alliance with Germany), and the United States and the Axis (Germany, Italy, and Japan). The Second World War began in 1939 and ended in 1945 after the United States dropped the atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan. This immense war began when Nazi Germany invaded Poland, which seemed at that time of little threat, until Germany stared conquering more land, breaking agreements, and inhumanely killing Jews and other innocent people. People were afraid that the Nazis in Germany would go to any extent to take control of the world. (Veronika)

2. Compare and contrast communism and fascism, with at least two examples of how they are similar and two examples of how they differ.

:The greatest difference between [[communism]] and [[fascism]] is that communism is international while fascism is extreme nationalism. Also, communism does not focus on national identity but on equality among classes and all people. Fascism sees its nation as being above other nations, its people as above other people, and it encourages or at least does not interfere with class differences. But perhaps what unites them is greater than what divides them! Both stress the collective and squash individual freedom, both encourage some form of [[government]] control over the [[economy]], both display a disdain for human rights, and both command complete allegiance to a [[dictator]]. (Addison)

:{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Communism
! Fascism
|-
| sought a worldwide revolution to
abolish national identity; equality
| sought to advance their country
above the others; to be the most
powerful
|-
| did not like wealth
| encouraged wealth to make the nation stronger
|-
| opposed social classes
| encouraged social classes
|-
| believed complete equality
| thought their nation was superior
|}

:Though communism and fascism are very different, there are also many likenesses between them.

::- both used a dictator

::- did not encourage individual freedom and human rights

::- both stressed the collective (Anna)

3. ''Why'' do you think Hitler and his supporters killed so many people? Explain.

:Hitler was a very evil man who craved power. In 1934 Hitler began killing hundreds of Germans who had opposed him, and he was completely against the Jews, blaming them for all of Germany’s problems. In 1938 the Nazis conducted a massive pogrom in a thousand German towns that attacked Jewish people in their homes and destroyed their businesses. Hitler was so eager to have power that he destroyed anything that got in his way. (Amanda)

4. Discuss the effect of communism spreading to China.

:The effects of Communism spreading to China were devastating. Communistic ruler Mao seized property and distributed it to peasants, and made a policy of forcing peasants to work on collective farms from 1952 to 1957. Women were treated like men. He established large collective farms composed of 25,000 people working on thousands of acres per farm, which prohibited private possessions with everyone lived in communal housing. Because of this, people worked less with no incentive because private property was not allowed, and thus a great famine resulted and nearly 30 million Chinese died. Then Mao implemented the Cultural Revolution, where everyone intelligent or artistic was imprisoned or killed, and schools and universities were closed. Mao’s had “Red Guards" who were high school and college students who were militant communists that enforced the Cultural Revolution. China was in ruins because of communism. (Deborah)

:During rule under Chairman Mao, communism spread rapidly. Mao implemented his “Great Leap Forward” which established large collective farms with about 25,000 people working on thousands of acres per farm. It prohibited private possessions and everyone lived in communal housing. Even before that he had enforced his “Agrarian land Reform Law of 1950,” when he seized property and distributed it to the peasants. He forced them to work in the collective farms. Women were treated like men (not chivalrous!!). (Kara)

5. Describe any aspect of the Cold War or the Korean War or the Spanish Civil War (with reference to Orwell, if you like).

:The Cold War began almost as soon as World War II ended. It started because of the Atomic Bomb. The U.S.S.R. had a scheduled date to start an invasion on Japan on approximately August 6, 1945. The United States asked the U.S.S.R. to postpone that date till August 15, 1945, and the U.S.S.R. agreed. Little did the U.S.S.R. know that the United States had developed an atomic weapon and as soon as the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, the U.S.S.R. realized they had been deceived. Three days later on August 9, 1945, the U.S.S.R. started their invasion on Japan, but it was too late, Japan had already surrendered to the United States. Fearing for their lives, the U.S.S.R. started to build up a nuclear arsenal. The United States also built up their nuclear arsenal. None of the nuclear weapons that were produced were used on each other. Each side knew what a nuclear weapon could do to humanity because of the two atomic bombs that had been dropped on Japan. Another reason neither side launched their nuclear missiles against each other was because of a theory called Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). This theory stated that if the U.S.S.R., or the United States, launched their missiles at the other side, the other side would realize they were going to die and so they would launch all of their missiles. All of the missiles would and approximately the same time killing just about everyone on each side. (Nate)

:In 1953 Joseph Stalin died which ended the Korean War stalemate that had started in 1952 and forced the Communists to sign an armistice. The Korean War was the first limited war for the U.S. (Unsigned homework)

:The Spanish civil war, beginning in 1936 and ending in 1939, was fought by fascists trying to overthrow the government, communists opposing the fascists, and the republican government trying to retain control. The fascists, under General Francisco Franco, were helped by Germany and Italy. After this the only democracy left [in continental Europe] was Czechoslovakia. (Cole)

6. How did technological advances or insights help the Allied forces? Be specific.

:Technological advances helped the Allies win the war. General George Patton was incredible at maneuvering tanks at lightening speed. With out his technological talent, the Allies may have never won the war. (Jenna N.)

:Radar saved many English lives during the bombing of Great Britain. By knowing when the German bombers were coming the British could warn its people before it was too late. Also the invention of the “Ultra” enabled the Allies to crack the enemy’s codes and therefore let them know when the enemies were going to strike and how they were going to do it. If it were not for this technology the war’s outcome may have been much different. (Sean)

7. Should the United States have entered World War II in Europe? Discuss.

:Yes, we were right to enter The War. If we didn’t our allies would have most definitely been overrun by the powerful German war machine, and who’s to say that they would stop after Europe. So in defense of ourselves and our allies, I think the United States entered the war at the perfect time. (Will)

== Honors Questions (answer '''any 3''' in addition to the above questions) ==
H1. Why did genocide tragically kill so many more people in the 20th century than in the rest of world history combined?

:First of all, while the number of people killed in 20th century genocides was ''greater'' than in the past, I wonder how much ''bigger'' the percentage killed is than in the past. But the reason genocide exploded in the 20th century was because of the spellbinding power of the fascist dictators, the communists’ fear of subversion leading to the purges, and the pseudo-scientific [[Social Darwinism]] movement. Also, the decline of [[Christianity]] played a part. Looking back, it seems like people were completely blind to the killing. This can only happen when 1) [[God]] is taken away, 2), replaced with something else (a dictator), and 3) an apparently [[logic|logical]] or [[Science|scientific]] system (Social Darwinism) dictates murder and cruelty. (Addison)

:There are two reasons why the 1900’s claimed so many more genocide victims than any other time in world history: technology and teaching. The evolutionary material taught by most schools in Europe was racist and immoral, advocating “survival of the fittest” and “look out for number one” viewpoints; no one mattered but you and what you wanted to do. Besides, in earlier centuries, people did not really have the technology to kill millions of people and dispose of their bodies, as the Germans did during the Holocaust. Inventions such as poison gas, barbed wire, machine guns, and mass crematoriums enabled the Germans to kill thousands of people per day. (Duncan)

:Partially because of the rise of nationalism, and the belief that their country and race were better than everyone else. It was also partially due to the acceptance of the "theory" of evolution, and the rejection of Christian values and belief in God. There was less concern for others, more about themselves, and what was best for them. The thought was that if getting rid of everyone from another race, so be it. It probably would have been better if the world had not rejected chivalry as well. (Michelle)

H2. The "Enigma". Explain and comment.

:The German enigma was a machine that created coded messages that the Germans thought was unbreakable. They were wrong because shortly after the allies found out it was Broken. i think the enigma was an amazing machine to be able to scramble the messages in to an ''almost'' unbreakable form. (Aran)

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H3. Was it right for Churchill not to warn a town about a German bombing if he knew the town would be bombed?

:I think Churchill chose the right decision to not warn a town that they were going to be bombed, which they discovered when the German code for the enigma was broken. The Germans were not stupid and if they saw that the town that they were going to bomb was all prepared for the invasion, they would become suspicious that someone had broken their code. Churchill knew that the broken code could help the Allied forces to win the war even though many lives would be sacrificed for it. He understood that he had to use this advantage for a greater cause in a more skillful way without causing any suspicion. If he let this one go, he could use this precious information from the broken code to help them win a great victory that would make a greater difference. War is about the decisions that leaders make, whether right or wrong. (Veronika)

:The Korean War was the first example of an American war where the military was hampered by the government placing regulations on what they could or could not do, which MacArthur, who was noted for not going by the book, disliked immensely. Air Force pilots were not allowed to pursue [[MiG-15]] fighters past the Yalu River, as that was Chinese territory, or attack Chinese convoys, , and American troops could not actively attack Chinese positions. Both sides were wrong: Truman should not have attempted to micromanage the war from Washington, and MacArthur should not have subordinated his commander-in-chief. (Duncan)

:Churchill sacrificed the lives of civilians to preserve the possibility of saving soldiers, in case of the chance that the Axis would figure out that their code had been cracked. De was waiting for the right time time to use the information learned from the intercepted messages. If you go through life waiting for the right,or perfect time to do things, those things might just not get done. Often, there are no right or perfect times, just some that happen to be better than others. One of the duties of the government is to keep the people safe. I don't agree with the choice he made, as there were other options available. (Michelle)

H4. History does "repeat itself." Give an example based on the lecture.

:I have two examples. Germany attempted to conquer Europe in World War I and failed; later she did the same thing. Also, Napoleon could not conquer Russia; his men did not do well in the Russian winter and at that point, the tables turned against him. Hitler did the exact same thing. If he only knew his history .... (Tom)

:History has always repeated itself because we are too lazy to learn from the mistakes of our ancestors. Staring in ancient times, Rome fell because they had abortion, they [Romans] degraded the family, and they tossed their morals out the window. Other nations around the world have fallen into socialism, communism, and fascism because they allowed evil men to take over their governments, hmmmm sound familiar? (Jenna S.)

H5. Your view of the United Nations, please?

:... I believe the UN is a terrible waste of space. It does not ever achieve anything it starts, as in the war against poverty, the war against wars, and the war against global warming. At times, it just makes things worse. It puts government programs in place and prolongs wars. It is run by pro-socialists and anti-Americans. ... (Tom)

H6. Was General MacArthur right or wrong in the Korean War?

:I think that General MacArthur was right to cut off the North Korean supplies lines but was wrong in thinking he could defeat China’s army. He should have deferred to President Truman’s efforts for a diplomatic resolution. The Chinese army was thousands strong and geographically easy to rearm troops. (Sandro)

:General Douglas MacArthur was right in disobeying the orders not to do the daring flanking maneuver. Even though he probably knew he would get in trouble with the President, he rather would have saved soldiers lives and won the war. (Benjamin H.)

:Churchill had broken the enigma and the Germans did not know it. But had Churchill warned the village that there was going to be a bombing the Germans would have known that Churchill had cracked the code and all of the hard work put into cracking the code would be obsolete as the Germans would have just picked a new code, perhaps one that would have been harder to break. In the future our knowledge of the enigma helped save many lives in World War II, more lives than in the village. (Joey M.)

H7. (counts as two answers) Explain the mathematics of how the Enigma was broken (decoded) including (if you like) some words about the field of cryptology today.

: The actual code of the [[Enigma]] is very hard to write about and understand in any meaningful way, so I will try to make as much of it as possible comprehensible. When you press a letter (e.g. L), the machine alters it up to nine times (with a minimum of seven) using a set of wheels with the alphabet on them that move much like a standard car odometer (with every 26 letters typed, the next wheel moves to the next spot.). And it must be remembered that the moving of at least one wheel, for every new letter typed, introduced a new set of circuits for each new letter. In addition, if you pressed one key over and over, you would get a different letter each time, but if you hit that same key 16,900 (26 x 25 x 26) times, the pattern would repeat. Cryptologists use a method of code breaking that uses common letter patterns to their advantage: letter and pattern frequency, where the cryptologist would give an educated guess as to what common letter a repeated character is. Also, some letters will appear frequently alongside each other. The most obvious example in the [[English]] language is TH as in 'the' or 'that'. By combining these two weapons, the code breaker could make a reasonable guess that where a single letter appeared repeatedly after the T which he had already recovered from letter frequency, the unknown letter was probably H, particularly if the next letter that had already been recovered was an E. (Jonathan R.)

H8. Write about any aspect of the lecture.

:As in the First World War, a lack of a strong navy cost Germany the war because they couldn’t prevent the invasion of Sicily or D-Day. (Unsigned homework)

[[Category:World History lectures]]