Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Romanization

2007-12-05T23:56:07Z

JohnGalt:

'''Romanization''' refers to the transliteration or transcription of a non-Latin word into Latin letters. This may be done so that speakers familiar with the Roman alphabet may pronounce a word, or so that the word may be typed into certain computer systems (in some cases, email addresses and world-wide web URLs must be typed in [[ASCII]]).

For Japanese words, this process is called [[romaji]]. The primary systems of romanization include Hepburn, Nihon-shiki, and Kunrei-shiki.

For Chinese words, there are several proposed romanization systems. The system used by the Communist leadership of the [[People's Republic of China]] is called [[hanyu pinyin]]. However, the Chinese government based in [[Taiwan]] prefers the [[Wade-Giles romanization]] system. In the United States Pinyin has superseded Wade-Giles as the preferred method of romanization, as it has in the vast majority of other countries, and Sinologists currently utilise solely Hanyu Pinyin around the world.
{{uncited}}
[[category:linguistics]]

Battle of Passchendale

2007-12-05T23:55:36Z

JohnGalt:

{{stub}}{{uncited}}

The '''Battle of Passchendale''' was also known as the Third Battle of Ypres. This third battle was fought in Ypres, [[Belgium]] which had seen two previous battles, one in 1914 and one one 1915. The Third Battle of Ypres lasted 18 months beginning in 1917 was was to relieve pressure from the French trops who had low morale after their own terrible losses of the [[Nivelle Offensive]].

In this battle the [[United Kingdom|British]] hid 19 huge land mines underneath the [[Germany|German]] lines. Unfortunately for the British, once the land mines exploded, the British did not move fast enough and became bogged down by the ensuing rain.

In October 1917, the [[Canadian]] Corps, under Sir Arthur Currie was called upon to complete the battle, after their victory at the [[Battle of Vimy Ridge]]. Currie felt that the battle would of little value and a high cost. After two weeks of fighting the Canadians would capture the town, although the losses were high. Of 20,000 initial Canadian troops nearly 75% (15,654) were either killed or wounded. It total the Allies suffered 448,000 casualties and the Germans 260,000.

This battle ended as another stalemate for the Allies. The battle had become another instance of Generals fighting current battles with old tactics at horrific losses.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Passchendale, Battle of}}
[[Category:World War I Battles]]

HMS Bounty

2007-12-05T23:55:12Z

JohnGalt: uncited

HMS Bounty refers to a ship of the 19th century [[England|British]] [[Navy]] made famous for the [[mutiny]] that occurred on board. The mission of the Bounty was to acquire breadfruit trees from the island of Tahiti. This was done. However, the Bounty's extended stay in [[Tahiti]] led to a desire on the part of First Mate Fletcher Christian and many of the crewmen to remain in Tahiti. This desire led to the mutiny. Knowing that they could not escape the whole of the British navy, the mutineers eventually settled on [[Pitcairn Island]]. Their descendants live on the island to this day.
{{uncited2}}
[[Category:Ships]]

Cerne Abbas Giant

2007-12-05T23:54:46Z

JohnGalt: uncited. stub

{{uncited}}
The Cerne Abbas Giant, also known as the Cerne Giant, is a chalk drawing of a man wielding a club upon a hillside in Cerne Abbas, [[Dorset]]. It is the most-visited site in the entire county. The origin and purpose of the man is unknown but it is thought by some experts that he represents the mythical figure of Hercules.

The Cerne Abbas Giant is one of a number of drawings etched onto chalk hills in southern England. The other famous human figure is the [[Long Man of Wilmington]]. There are also several images of horses, including that of the [[White Horse of Uffingham]], Oxfordshire, which is believed to date back to neolithic times.
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[[Category:Tourist Attractions]]
[[Category:Chalk Hill Drawings in England]]

His Dark Materials (novel)

2007-12-05T23:53:59Z

JohnGalt: This page needs more references

'''''His Dark Materials''''' is a controversial trilogy of fictional fantasy novels written by [[Britain|British]] author Philip Pullman. It consists of ''The Golden Compass'' (originally published as ''Northern Lights'' in the [[United Kingdom]] in 1995), ''The Subtle Knife'' (published in 1997) and ''The Amber Spyglass'' (published in 2000). The title of the trilogy refers to a line from the 17th century poem ''Paradise Lost'' by [[John Milton]], [http://www.kirkcenter.org/bookman/44-1-bernthal.html] a line that is stated at the start of ''The Golden Compass''.
{{uncited2}}
==Plot==
{{Spoiler}}

The main action of the trilogy centers around Lyra Belacqua, an 11-year old girl raised in [[England]] in another universe, and Will Parry, a 12-year old boy from London in our [[universe]].

===The Golden Compass===
The first novel is primarily concerned with Lyra, a girl living in [[Oxford]]. In Lyra's world, a person's [[soul]] is represented as an animal known as a "daemon". Children's daemons can change their shape at will, but once a person reaches maturity their daemon becomes "fixed" and stays in one shape for the rest of its life. Lyra's world is ruled by "The Church", a [[religion|religious]] organization that wields immense power. The Church worships a powerful being known as "The Authority"

The story follows Lyra as she travels across the North to rescue her friend Roger, a servant at the college in which she lives, who has been kidnapped by a mysterious organization known as the Gobblers. She is also on a mission to rescue Lord Asriel, her father and an explorer, who has been imprisoned at a castle ruled by talking bears. Her primary assistance on this journey is a golden, compass-like object called an alethiometer, which can tell the future. Along the way, she encounters allies like flying witches, aeronauts (balloon operators), and tribes of seafarers called Gyptians.

Eventually, she is captured by the Gobblers and learn that they are a branch of The Church known as the General Oblation Board. The Board is led by Lyra's mother, Mrs. Marisa Coulter. Their goal is to separate children from their daemons to prevent a mysterious, invisible substance known as "Dust" from settling on them. This Dust is believed to be [[Original sin]] by the Church. Unfortunately, the separation of a child and their daemon always results in the death of both. With the aid of her allies, Lyra escapes the Oblation Board with Roger, freeing the other prisoners in the process.

She ends up in Svalbard, the kingdom of talking, armored bears known as ''panserbjorne''. With her bear ally Iorek Byrnison, she topples the corrupt bear king and frees Lord Asriel. However, Asriel betrays her and uses Roger's daemon to open a massive portal to another world. The process of opening this portal results in Roger's death. Lyra vows to find the source and identity of Dust, and enters the portal.

===The Subtle Knife===
The second novel takes place several weeks after ''The Golden Compass'', and introduces Will Parry, a 12-year old boy who lives with his mother in Oxford in our world. His father has been missing for many years after going on a voyage to the North. At the start of the novel, he accidentally kills a thief, and is forced to go on the run from the law. He finds a portal to another world and meets Lyra, who has been searching for knowledge about Dust.

Meanwhile, a minor character from ''The Golden Compass'' receives a major storyline: Lee Scoresby, an aeronaut from the [[Texas]] of Lyra's universe. He undergoes a quest to locate Stanislaus Grumman, an explorer who may hold answers to some of the mysteries surrounding Dust and be able to help Lord Asriel, who is amassing forces in another world. Eventually, Lee finds Grumman, where it is revealed that the explorer is John Parry, Will's long-lost father, who accidentally went through a portal on his expedition. The pair are followed by large war zeppelins and soldiers loyal to the Church. While holding them back, Scoresby is sadly killed, but his sacrifice enables Parry to continue on his journey.

Lyra and Will try to unravel the mysteries of Dust, meeting Mary Malone, a scientist from Will's world. She has been studying Dust and discovers that it mostly settles on objects of human design and origin, while avoiding natural objects such as plants or uncarved wood. Will and Lyra avoid the people looking for Will and return to Cittagazze, where they find an unusual device known as the Subtle Knife. This knife, which can create portals to many different worlds, also wards off Specters.

This discovery inadvertently results in the original owner being attacked by Specters, which angers the children who still reside in the city. They almost kill Lyra and Will, but the two are saved by Lyra's witch allies who have entered Cittagazze. The protagonists learn that the Subtle Knife would be helpful to Lord Asriel, who is amassing a large army to combat the Authority. Before this can happen, however, they are attacked by Specters under the control of Mrs. Coulter, and Lyra is captured.

Will, confused and disoriented, meets a wandering man who introduces himself as Stanislaus Grumman. He tells Will to give the Knife to Lord Asriel. As they see each other's eyes, they realize their familial connection. Unfortunately, before father and son can be truly reunited, John Parry is killed by a witch whose love he scorned because of his faithfulness to his wife. This witch commits suicide shortly thereafter. As Will tries to decide what to do, he encounters two invisible beings who introduce themselves as [[angels]] and promise to take him to Lord Asriel.

===The Amber Spyglass===
''The Amber Spyglass'' begins shortly after the end of ''The Subtle Knife''. Lyra has been taken captive by Mrs. Coulter, who keeps her sedated in a cave in yet another new world. Despite her strong loyalty to the Church, Mrs. Coulter's motherly instincts take over, and she decides to hide Lyra from both the Church's forces and Lord Asriel's.

Will goes on a journey to find Lyra, led by one of the two angels, Balthamos. The other angel dies early in the book while delivering a message to Lord Asriel. From the angels, Will learns that The Authority is only the first and most powerful angel, formed from Dust, who has convinced everyone that he created everything. Since he is so old, The Authority is now senile, and his Regent, Metatron, rules in his stead. A select few of the angels have rebelled against The Authority and Metatron, and now join forces with Asriel to defeat them and end their rule over everything.

Meanwhile, Dr. Mary Malone of Will's Oxford is being hunted by authorities and enters the same portal Will went through in ''The Subtle Knife''. She enters a strange world populated by intelligent, elephant-like creatures called "mulefa". She learns about Dust from their legends and customs, and constructs a spyglass with an amber lens, through which she is able to see Dust as particles of light. She discovers that Dust is slowly leaving the worlds, which will eventually result in disaster.

Traveling throughout the worlds, Will, Balthamos, and Iorek Byrinson the new bear king eventually reach Lyra and help her escape. The forces of Asriel and the Church wage battle all around them and Balthamos flees in terror. Will and Lyra attempt to enter another world, but the Subtle Knife breaks as a result of Will's emotions. Iorek fixes it using a makeshift forge. The two children eventually decide to enter the [[afterlife|world of the dead]] in an attempt to help Roger, John Parry, and Lee Scoresby.

Mrs. Coulter is captured by Asriel's army and taken to his fortress. She escapes using a powerful flying machine and returns to the Church. However, she learns that the Church plans to kill Lyra, using a form of odd science, before she can face some "temptation" that has the potential to destroy everything the Church stands for, an explicit analogy to [[Eve]]. Mrs. Coulter again switches sides, and is able to prevent this murder from happening, returning to Asriel's fortress.

Will and Lyra are aided by two spies of Lord Asriel, members of a race of extremely small people called "Gallivespians", in their efforts to reach the land of the dead. They eventually enter it by use of the Subtle Knife, but Lyra is forced to leave her daemon behind, an act of complete betrayal. Though the protagonists are reunited with their loved ones, they learn that the afterlife is little more than a [[prison]], where all of the dead are emotionally tortured by monsters called harpies who feed on their sadness. They manage to convince the harpies to let them lead the dead out of the afterlife, and they cut a portal that leads them through the center of the world.

The final battle between the forces of Lord Asriel and the forces of The Authority and Metatron has officially begun, and Lyra and Will lead the dead right into the middle of it. Mrs. Coulter uses the flying machine to go to The Authority's palace, where she sees The Authority being carried out in a large glass cage. She eventually seduces Metatron into following her to the center of the world, where she says Lyra is being held. In reality, it is a trap for the angel laid by her and Lord Asriel, and they both push Metatron over the edge into an abyss, killing themselves in the process.

Lyra and Will find the cage containing The Authority, who is being attacked by animals. They drive off the animals, and free the being from his cage. Unfortunately, his frail body can not withstand a gust of wind, and he dies. The battle is not yet over, and Lyra and Will are saved from soldiers by the dead. After their task is done, the dead dissolve into the air, becoming one with the world.

Lyra and Will escape the battle by entering another world, the world of the mulefa . They meet Mary Malone again, and she tells them of the time that she lost her faith in [[Catholicism]]. Because of her descriptions of love, Lyra and Will realize that they are in love, and it is implied, but not clearly stated, that they engage in intercourse. This somehow makes the flow of Dust return to normal, and fulfills the "temptation" mentioned earlier in the series. Not long after this, Lyra is reunited with her daemon and Will is able to see his for the first time.

A [[priest]] sent by the Church to kill Lyra is almost given a chance to kill her and Will, but is stopped by Balthamos, who is ashamed of leaving Will and Lyra before. The assassin is accidentally killed, and it is implied that Balthamos dies of his wounds.

Will and Lyra delight in their new-found love, but they soon learn that the many holes cut by the Subtle Knife will need to be closed before the supply of Dust runs out. They also learn that staying in a different world for a long period of time will eventually cause a decline in a person's health, killing them. They make the ultimate sacrifice, deciding that they cannot stay with each other, since they have to leave one portal open to allow the dead to return to the living world. They each go back to their respective Oxfords, and resume their normal lives, basing them around teaching other people to live their lives to the fullest and not bother with [[faith]].

==Religious Views==
===God===
The character of "The Authority" is definitely the [[Judeo-Christian]] [[God]], evidenced by many of his names [http://www.amywelborn.com/reviews/pullman.html]. [[Yahweh]], one of the names referred to, is a common name for God in the [[Bible]]. The Father the Almighty is a term from the [[Nicene Creed]].

Due to this, the character clearly departs from the God depicted in these sources. He is mortal and his powers are clearly limited, while the Judeo-Christian God is believed to be immortal and limitless in power.

===Jesus===
[[Jesus]] is only referenced directly once in the books. The character Mary Malone says near the end of ''The Amber Spyglass'', when talking of her former devotion to the Catholic faith:

''"I wanted to take my whole life and offer it up.. and place it in front of Jesus to do as he liked with."''{{fact}}
===The Church===
However, the religion started by Jesus appears many times in the books. The Church of Lyra's parallel universe is specifically stated to be a descendant of the [[Calvinist]] faith in ''The Golden Compass'':

''"Ever since [[Pope]] [[John Calvin]] had moved the seat of the Papacy to [[Geneva]] and set up the Consistorial Court of Discipline, the Church's power over every aspect of life had been absolute"
''{{fact}}
==Religious Response==
Pullman's trilogy notoriously contains views that are said to be [[atheist]] [http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=58341], [[pantheism|pantheist]] [http://www.facingthechallenge.org/pullman.php], and [[humanist]] [http://humaniststudies.org/media/releases.html?year=2007&type=PR&id=67]. Due to this, it has come under heavy fire from several [[Christian]] groups, most famously the Catholic League [http://catholicleague.org/catalyst.php?year=2007&month=October&read=2322].

The U.S. Conference of Bishops said:
* “To the extent that Lyra” — the movie’s young heroine — “and her allies are taking a stand on behalf of free will in opposition to the coercive force of the Magisterium, they are of course acting entirely in harmony with Catholic teaching. The heroism and self-sacrifice that they demonstrate provide appropriate moral lessons …
*“Is Pullman trying to undermine anyone’s belief in God? Leaving the books aside and focusing on what has ended up on screen, the script can reasonably be interpreted in the broadest sense as an appeal against the abuse of political power.” [http://www.kansascity.com/entertainment/columnists/robert_w_butler/story/389007.html]

[[Category: Atheism]]
[[Category: Books]]

His Dark Materials (novel)

2007-12-03T23:47:59Z

JohnGalt: Added Reference

'''''His Dark Materials''''' is a trilogy of fantasy novels by [[Britain|British]] author [[Philip Pullman]]. The trilogy, which consist of ''The Northern Lights'' (''[[The Golden Compass]]'' in [[North America]]), ''The Subtle Knife'', and ''The Amber Spyglass'', center around a girl, Lyra Belacqua and companion Will Parry, who dwell in a universe parallel to ours. The author is a blatant anti-Christian and his books reflect his world view. For instance, the Christian [[heaven]] is made to be a lie, with the "afterlife" consisting of a bleak underworld where human souls are being tormented by harpies, and [[God]] being merely an [[angel]] (the first) created from Dust. Dust is called the primary agent of creativity and abstract thought in the universe. In these books, the Church stands against human ingenuity and therefore against Dust. The books, nonetheless, are quite popular in both the [[United Kingdom|UK]] and [[United States]] among atheistic and anti-Christian communities.

==References==
Colbert, David. (2006), ''The Magical Worlds of Philip Pullman: A Treasury of Fascinating Facts'', Penguin Group.
==See Also==
[http://bookclubs.barnesandnoble.com/bn/board/message?board.id=pphdm&thread.id=2&jump=true|David Colbert on writing ''The Magical Worlds of Philip Pullman: A Treasury of Fascinating Facts.'']
[[Category: Atheism]]

Ron Paul

2007-12-03T23:23:35Z

JohnGalt: spelling/capitalization

[[Image:Ronpaul.jpg|right|250x250px|thumb]]

'''Ronald Ernest “Ron” Paul''' (born 20 August, 1935) is a 10th-term Congressman, a former Air Force Flight Surgeon, a medical doctor ([[M.D.]]) and a 2008 [[presidential candidate]] from the U.S. state of [[Texas]]. As a [[Republican Party|Republican]], he has represented [[Texas's 14th congressional district]] in the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]] since 1997, and had previously served as the representative from Texas's 22nd district in 1976 and from 1979 to 1985.

Paul, a [[pro-life]] [[libertarian]], advocates the limited role of government, low taxes, free markets, and a return to monetary policies based on commodity-backed currency. He has earned the nickname "Dr. No" for voting against any bill he believes violates the Constitution. In the words of former Treasury Secretary William Simon, Paul is the "one exception to the Gang of 535" on Capitol Hill. He has never voted to raise taxes or congressional pay. He has always voted against the [[USA PATRIOT Act]], the [[Military Commissions Act of 2006]], and the [[Iraq War]].

==Congressional record==

*He has never voted to raise taxes.
*He has never voted for an unbalanced budget.
*He has never voted for a federal restriction on gun ownership.
*He has never voted to raise congressional pay.
*He has never taken a government-paid junket.
*He has never voted to increase the power of the executive branch.
*He voted against the [[Patriot Act]].
*He voted against regulating the [[Internet]].
*He voted against the [[Iraq war]].
*He does not participate in the lucrative congressional pension program.
*He returns a portion of his annual congressional office budget to the U.S. treasury every year.
*He introduces numerous pieces of substantive legislation each year, probably more than any other single member of Congress.

== Early life and education ==

Dr. Ron Paul was born in [[Pittsburgh]], Pennsylvania to Howard Caspar Paul and Margaret Paul.<ref>http://dailypaul.com/node/53</ref><ref>http://www.wargs.com/political/paul.html</ref> He graduated from Dormont High School in Dormont, Pennsylvania, in 1953. Paul attended Gettysburg College, receiving his [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in 1957, and the [[Duke University School of Medicine]], receiving [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]] in 1961. He did his [[internship]] and [[Residency (medicine)|residency]] at [[Henry Ford Hospital]] in [[Detroit]], Michigan, from 1961 to 1962, and was a [[flight surgeon]] in the [[United States Air Force]] from 1963 to 1968. He and his wife Carol moved to Texas in 1968, where he began his medical practice in Brazoria County. As a specialist in [[obstetrics]]/[[gynecology]], Dr. Paul has delivered more than 4,000 babies. He and Carol, who reside in Lake Jackson, Texas, are the proud parents of five children and have seventeen grandchildren.

===Political affiliations and support===
Paul is a Republican member of Congress from Texas whose political views are considered libertarian. Paul remains on good terms with the Libertarian Party and addressed its national convention as recently as 2004.<ref>[http://www.theadvocates.org/liberator/vol-09-num-10.htm Liberator online archive] on Advocates for self-governing accessed at March 4, 2007</ref>

Paul served as honorary chairman and is a current member of the [[Republican Liberty Caucus]], a political action organization dedicated to promoting the ideals of individual rights, limited government and free enterprise within the Republican Party.<ref>[http://fl.rlc.org/ Republican Liberty Caucus of Florida] accessed at March 4, 2007</ref>

Unlike many political candidates, Paul receives the overwhelming majority of his campaign contributions (96.8% in 2005-2006), from individuals. [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.asp?CID=N00005906&cycle=2006/]

===Political Views===

Paul wants to "reinstate the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] and restore the [[Republic]]." He rejects a [[welfare state]] or [[nanny state]] role for the federal government, and advocates a strong [[non-interventionism|non-interventionist]] [[foreign policy]].

He voted against the [[Iraq War]] in 2002 and has offered alternatives such as granting the President authority to grant [[Letters of Marque and Reprisal]], and arming [[pilot]]s. He is the only Republican presidential candidate to have voted against the Iraq War.

Paul's desire to secure U.S. borders remains a key topic in his 2008 presidential campaign. He opposes the [[North American Union]] proposition and its proposed integration of Mexico, the United States of America, and Canada. Paul voted "yes" on the [[Secure Fence Act of 2006]], which authorizes the construction of an additional 700 miles of double-layered fencing between the U.S and Mexico. Paul opposes illegal immigration as well as amnesty for illegal immigrants.

In the May 3, 2007 GOP Debate, Ron Paul stated that as President, he would seek the immediate abolition of the [[Internal Revenue Service|IRS]] and the abolition of the income tax. As Congressman, he has long fought for the [[Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Section_9:_Limits_on_Congress|prohibition of direct taxes]] by repeal of the [[16th Amendment to the United States Constitution|16th Amendment]] which created the [[income tax]]. Ron Paul supports a return to the [[gold]] standard of currency particularly newer theorized pure strain gold.

==2008 Presidential Campaign==

Paul formally declared his candidacy for the Presidential election in 2008 in 12 March, 2007 as a guest on [[Washington Journal]] on [[C-SPAN]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA031207.paul2008.EN.74141d9.html | title = Paul formally launches presidential bid | first = Gary | last = Martin | work = San Antonio Express-News | accessdate = 2007-03-13}}</ref> <ref>[http://chbn.com/Clip.aspx?key=1CD9E3A0397BCBEC Ron Paul announcing candidacy on C-SPAN]</ref>. In regards to his candidacy, he had a 30-minute interview with online political analyst [[James Kotecki]] regarding foreign policy, Congress and the Constitution, and personal liberties. <ref>[http://www.youtube.com/jameskotecki James Kotecki interviews Ron Paul]</ref>

Paul participated (along with nine other Republican presidential candidates) in the [[Ronald Reagan Presidential Library]]'s 2008 Republican Presidential Candidates Debate on May 3, 2007. Ron Paul finished first in the MSNBC poll following the GOP primary debate with 43 percent -- beating second place [[Mitt Romney]] by 5 percentage points.[http://www.ronpaul2008.typepad.com/]

Paul seemed to have dropped slightly in the polls that followed the second Republican debate in Columbia, South Carolina, to 25 percent. This was probably as a result of his suggestion that weekly bombing of [[Iraq]] following [[Operation Desert Fox]] in December 1998 may have contributed sufficiently to [[Arab]] anger at the United States as to make the [[September 11, 2001 attacks|September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks]] inevitable. Paul was excoriated by [[Rudy Giuliani]], who said that this was the most bizarre explanation for the attacks he had ever heard. Other Republican commentators sought to explain Paul's continued strength in post-debate polls as the result of multiple votes by his supporters or voting by non-Republicans. In response to Rudy Giuliani, the next day at the National Press Club, Ron Paul offered Rudy a book list to read regarding the issue of American foreign policy. These books are ''Imperial Hubris'' by Michael Scheuer, ''Dying to Win'' by Robert Pape, ''Blowback'' by Chalmers Johnson, and ''The 9-11 Commission Report'' by the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks.

Eric Dondero, a former Ron Paul staffer, has declared himself a candidate against Paul in the 2008 Republican primary election to represent the 14th District of Texas in Congress.

==Telephone Hotline==
Ron Paul runs a toll-free [[telephone]] hotline with a recorded message of conservative commentary. It is updated every Monday. The number is 1-888-322-1414.

==Books by Ron Paul==
* ''Challenge to Liberty''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education
* ''Gold, Peace, and Prosperity''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education
* ''Ten Myths About Paper Money''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education
* ''The Case for Gold''. Reprinted by the [[The Cato Institute|Cato Institute]], 1982; Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2007. ISBN 0-932790-31-3. ([http://www.mises.org/books/caseforgold.pdf])
* ''A Republic, If You Can Keep It''
* ''Mises and Austrian Economics: A Personal View''. Auburn, Ala.: [[Ludwig von Mises Institute]], 1984.
* ''Freedom Under Siege: The U.S. Constitution After 200 Years''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education, 1987. ([http://www.dailypaul.com/node/65] Book distributed with permission in 7 parts in pdf-format)
* ''A Foreign Policy of Freedom''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education, 2007. ISBN 0-912453-00-1

== References ==

* Gwynne, Sam (1 October, 2001). ''Texas Monthly''.
* Bernstein, Alan (May 23, 1996). “Newsletter excerpts offer ammunition to Paul's opponent; GOP hopeful quoted on race, crime”, ''The Houston Chronicle'', p. A33.
<references />

==External Links==
*[http://www.ronpaul2008.com/ Official Ron Paul 2008 Presidential Campaign Site]
*[http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ron_Paul Quotes by Ron Paul on Wikiquote]
*[http://www3.webng.com/ronpaul Ron Paul 2008 Presidential Campaign Overview]
*[http://www.myspace.com/congressmanronpaul Ron Paul's MySpace page]
*[http://www.house.gov/paul/ Official web site of Congressman Ron Paul]
*[http://www.ronpaul08.blog-city.com/ Ron Paul 2008 Blog]
*[http://antiwar.com/paul/ Rep. Ron Paul's Column for Antiwar.com]
* [http://RonPaulReport.SquareSpace.com/ The Ron Paul Report]
* [http://ronpaul.in/ Ron Paul Supporters Site]
* [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/allsummary.asp?CID=N00005906 OpenSecrets.org - Congressional campaign contributions]
* [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2008/primaries/candidates/paul.html Vote 2008: Ron Paul - Online NewsHour with Jim Lehrer]
* [http://herndon1.sdrdc.com/cgi-bin/can_detail/P80000748 Federal Election Commission - Presidential campaign contributions]
* [http://senate.ontheissues.org/Ron_Paul.htm On the Issues - Ron Paul] issue positions and quotes
* [http://vote-smart.org/bio.php?can_id=BC031929 Project Vote Smart - Ron Paul]
* [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Ron_Paul SourceWatch Congresspedia - Ron Paul]
* [http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/p000583/ Voting record maintained by the Washington Post]
* [http://www.ronpaul08.blog-city.com/ Ron Paul 2008 Blog]
* [http://electronpaul.blogspot.com/ Ron Paul for President 2008 Blog and Links]
* [http://www.theadvocates.org/celebrities/ron-paul.html Advocates for Self-Government profile of Ron Paul]
* [http://www.medicalmarijuanaprocon.org/BiosInd/Paul.htm Congressman Ron Paul and Medical Marijuana]
* [http://www.321gold.com/editorials/taylor/taylor031706.html Congressman Ron Paul Talks About Gold, Oil & the Economy]
* [http://www.house.gov/paul/press/press2004/pr042104.htm National Taxpayers Union Honors Ron Paul as one of 29 Congressmen who are "Taxpayer's Friends"]
* [http://www.mediamonitors.net/ronpaul2.html Commentary by Rep. Paul on U.S. policy in the Middle East]
* [http://www.virtuemag.org/articles/ron-paul Virtue Magazine Political profile of Ron Paul]
* [http://www.counterpunch.org/paul03182004.html The Broadcast Indecency Act, An Indecent Attack on the First Amendment] by Ron Paul
* [http://www.house.gov/paul/congrec/congrec2002/cr062702.htm Is America a Police State?], speech before the U.S. House of Representatives on June 27, 2002
* [http://dailypaul.com/node/53 The American Dream - Through the Eyes of Mrs. Ron Paul] by Mrs. Ron Paul on TheDailyPaul.

{{2008_presidential_candidates}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paul, Ron}}
[[Category:United States Representatives]]
[[Category:2008 Presidential Candidates]]
[[Category:Republican Party]]
[[Category: 110th United States Congress]]

Ron Paul

2007-12-03T23:21:09Z

JohnGalt: /* Political Views */ spelling

[[Image:Ronpaul.jpg|right|250x250px|thumb]]

'''Ronald Ernest “Ron” Paul''' (born 20 August, 1935) is a 10th-term Congressman, a former Air Force Flight Surgeon, a medical doctor ([[M.D.]]) and a 2008 [[presidential candidate]] from the U.S. state of [[Texas]]. As a [[Republican Party|Republican]], he has represented [[Texas's 14th congressional district]] in the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]] since 1997, and had previously served as the representative from Texas's 22nd district in 1976 and from 1979 to 1985.

Paul, a [[pro-life]] [[libertarian]], advocates the limited role of government, low taxes, free markets, and a return to monetary policies based on commodity-backed currency. He has earned the nickname "Dr. No" for voting against any bill he believes violates the Constitution. In the words of former Treasury Secretary William Simon, Paul is the "one exception to the Gang of 535" on Capitol Hill. He has never voted to raise taxes or congressional pay. He has always voted against the [[USA PATRIOT Act]], the [[Military Commissions Act of 2006]], and the [[Iraq War]].

==Congressional record==

*He has never voted to raise taxes.
*He has never voted for an unbalanced budget.
*He has never voted for a federal restriction on gun ownership.
*He has never voted to raise congressional pay.
*He has never taken a government-paid junket.
*He has never voted to increase the power of the executive branch.
*He voted against the [[Patriot Act]].
*He voted against regulating the [[Internet]].
*He voted against the [[Iraq war]].
*He does not participate in the lucrative congressional pension program.
*He returns a portion of his annual congressional office budget to the U.S. treasury every year.
*He introduces numerous pieces of substantive legislation each year, probably more than any other single member of Congress.

== Early life and education ==

Dr. Ron Paul was born in [[Pittsburgh]], Pennsylvania to Howard Caspar Paul and Margaret Paul.<ref>http://dailypaul.com/node/53</ref><ref>http://www.wargs.com/political/paul.html</ref> He graduated from Dormont High School in Dormont, Pennsylvania, in 1953. Paul attended Gettysburg College, receiving his [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in 1957, and the [[Duke University School of Medicine]], receiving [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]] in 1961. He did his [[internship]] and [[Residency (medicine)|residency]] at [[Henry Ford Hospital]] in [[Detroit]], Michigan, from 1961 to 1962, and was a [[flight surgeon]] in the [[United States Air Force]] from 1963 to 1968. He and his wife Carol moved to Texas in 1968, where he began his medical practice in Brazoria County. As a specialist in [[obstetrics]]/[[gynecology]], Dr. Paul has delivered more than 4,000 babies. He and Carol, who reside in Lake Jackson, Texas, are the proud parents of five children and have seventeen grandchildren.

===Political affiliations and support===
Paul is a Republican member of Congress from Texas whose political views are considered libertarian. Paul remains on good terms with the Libertarian Party and addressed its national convention as recently as 2004.<ref>[http://www.theadvocates.org/liberator/vol-09-num-10.htm Liberator online archive] on Advocates for self-governing accessed at March 4, 2007</ref>

Paul served as honorary chairman and is a current member of the [[Republican Liberty Caucus]], a political action organization dedicated to promoting the ideals of individual rights, limited government and free enterprise within the Republican Party.<ref>[http://fl.rlc.org/ Republican Liberty Caucus of Florida] accessed at March 4, 2007</ref>

Unlike many political candidates, Paul receives the overwhelming majority of his campaign contributions (96.8% in 2005-2006), from individuals. [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.asp?CID=N00005906&cycle=2006/]

===Political Views===

Paul wants to "reinstate the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] and restore the [[Republic]]." He rejects a [[welfare state]] or [[nanny state]] role for the federal government, and advocates a strong [[non-interventionism|non-interventionist]] [[foreign policy]].

He voted against the [[Iraq War]] in 2002 and has offered alternatives such as granting the President authority to grant [[Letters of Marque and Reprisal]], and arming [[pilot]]s. He is the only Republican presidential candidate to have voted against the Iraq War.

Paul's desire to secure U.S. borders remains a key topic in his 2008 presidential campaign. He opposes the [[North American Union]] proposition and its proposed integration of Mexico, the United States of America, and Canada. Paul voted "yes" on the [[Secure Fence Act of 2006]], which authorizes the construction of an additional 700 miles of double-layered fencing between the U.S and Mexico. Paul opposes illegal immigration as well as amnesty for illegal immigrants.

In the May 3, 2007 GOP Debate, Ron Paul stated that as President, he would seek the immediate abolition of the [[Internal Revenue Service|IRS]] and the abolition of the income tax. As Congressman, he has long fought for the [[Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Section_9:_Limits_on_Congress|prohibition of direct taxes]] by repeal of the [[16th Amendment to the United States Constitution|16th Amendment]] which created the [[income tax]]. Ron Paul supports a return to the [[gold]] standard of currency particularly newer theorized pure strain gold.

==2008 Presidential Campaign==

Paul formally declared his candidacy for the Presidential election in 2008 in 12 March, 2007 as a guest on [[Washington Journal]] on [[C-SPAN]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA031207.paul2008.EN.74141d9.html | title = Paul formally launches presidential bid | first = Gary | last = Martin | work = San Antonio Express-News | accessdate = 2007-03-13}}</ref> <ref>[http://chbn.com/Clip.aspx?key=1CD9E3A0397BCBEC Ron Paul announcing candidacy on C-SPAN]</ref>. In regards to his candidacy, he had a 30-minute interview with online political analyst [[James Kotecki]] regarding foreign policy, Congress and the Constitution, and personal liberties. <ref>[http://www.youtube.com/jameskotecki James Kotecki interviews Ron Paul]</ref>

Paul participated (along with nine other Republican presidential candidates) in the [[Ronald Reagan Presidential Library]]'s 2008 Republican Presidential Candidates Debate on May 3, 2007. Ron Paul finished first in the MSNBC poll following the GOP primary debate with 43 percent -- beating second place [[Mitt Romney]] by 5 percentage points.[http://www.ronpaul2008.typepad.com/]

Paul seemed to have dropped slightly in the polls that followed the second Republican debate in Columbia, South Carolina, to 25 percent. This was probably as a result of his suggestion that weekly bombing of [[Iraq]] following [[Operation Desert Fox]] in December 1998 may have contributed sufficiently to [[Arab]] anger at the United States as to make the [[September 11, 2001 attacks|September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks]] inevitable. Paul was excoriated by [[Rudy Giuliani]], who said that this was the most bizarre explanation for the attacks he had ever heard. Other Republican commentators sought to explain Paul's continued strength in post-debate polls as the result of multiple votes by his supporters or voting by non-Republicans. In response to Rudy Giuliani, the next day at the National Press Club, Ron Paul offered Rudy a book list to read regarding the issue of American foreign policy. These books are ''Imperial Hubris'' by Michael Scheuer, ''Dying to Win'' by Robert Pape, ''Blowback'' by Chalmers Johnson, and ''The 9-11 Commission Report'' by the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks.

Eric Dondero, a former Ron Paul staffer, has declared himself a candidate against Paul in the 2008 Republican primary election to represent the 14th District of Texas in Congress.

==Telephone hotline==
Ron Paul runs a toll-free [[telephone]] hotline with a recorded message of conservative commentary. It is updated every Monday. The number is 1-888-322-1414.

==Books by Ron Paul==
* ''Challenge to Liberty''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education
* ''Gold, Peace, and Prosperity''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education
* ''Ten Myths About Paper Money''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education
* ''The Case for Gold''. Reprinted by the [[The Cato Institute|Cato Institute]], 1982; Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2007. ISBN 0-932790-31-3. ([http://www.mises.org/books/caseforgold.pdf])
* ''A Republic, If You Can Keep It''
* ''Mises and Austrian Economics: A Personal View''. Auburn, Ala.: [[Ludwig von Mises Institute]], 1984.
* ''Freedom Under Siege: The U.S. Constitution After 200 Years''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education, 1987. ([http://www.dailypaul.com/node/65] Book distributed with permission in 7 parts in pdf-format)
* ''A Foreign Policy of Freedom''. Lake Jackson, Tex.: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education, 2007. ISBN 0-912453-00-1

== References ==

* Gwynne, Sam (1 October, 2001). ''Texas Monthly''.
* Bernstein, Alan (May 23, 1996). “Newsletter excerpts offer ammunition to Paul's opponent; GOP hopeful quoted on race, crime”, ''The Houston Chronicle'', p. A33.
<references />

==External Links==
*[http://www.ronpaul2008.com/ Official Ron Paul 2008 Presidential Campaign Site]
*[http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ron_Paul Quotes by Ron Paul on Wikiquote]
*[http://www3.webng.com/ronpaul Ron Paul 2008 Presidential Campaign Overview]
*[http://www.myspace.com/congressmanronpaul Ron Paul's MySpace page]
*[http://www.house.gov/paul/ Official web site of Congressman Ron Paul]
*[http://www.ronpaul08.blog-city.com/ Ron Paul 2008 Blog]
*[http://antiwar.com/paul/ Rep. Ron Paul's Column for Antiwar.com]
* [http://RonPaulReport.SquareSpace.com/ The Ron Paul Report]
* [http://ronpaul.in/ Ron Paul Supporters Site]
* [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/allsummary.asp?CID=N00005906 OpenSecrets.org - Congressional campaign contributions]
* [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2008/primaries/candidates/paul.html Vote 2008: Ron Paul - Online NewsHour with Jim Lehrer]
* [http://herndon1.sdrdc.com/cgi-bin/can_detail/P80000748 Federal Election Commission - Presidential campaign contributions]
* [http://senate.ontheissues.org/Ron_Paul.htm On the Issues - Ron Paul] issue positions and quotes
* [http://vote-smart.org/bio.php?can_id=BC031929 Project Vote Smart - Ron Paul]
* [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Ron_Paul SourceWatch Congresspedia - Ron Paul]
* [http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/p000583/ Voting record maintained by the Washington Post]
* [http://www.ronpaul08.blog-city.com/ Ron Paul 2008 Blog]
* [http://electronpaul.blogspot.com/ Ron Paul for President 2008 Blog and Links]
* [http://www.theadvocates.org/celebrities/ron-paul.html Advocates for Self-Government profile of Ron Paul]
* [http://www.medicalmarijuanaprocon.org/BiosInd/Paul.htm Congressman Ron Paul and Medical Marijuana]
* [http://www.321gold.com/editorials/taylor/taylor031706.html Congressman Ron Paul Talks About Gold, Oil & the Economy]
* [http://www.house.gov/paul/press/press2004/pr042104.htm National Taxpayers Union Honors Ron Paul as one of 29 Congressmen who are "Taxpayer's Friends"]
* [http://www.mediamonitors.net/ronpaul2.html Commentary by Rep. Paul on U.S. policy in the Middle East]
* [http://www.virtuemag.org/articles/ron-paul Virtue Magazine Political profile of Ron Paul]
* [http://www.counterpunch.org/paul03182004.html The Broadcast Indecency Act, An Indecent Attack on the First Amendment] by Ron Paul
* [http://www.house.gov/paul/congrec/congrec2002/cr062702.htm Is America a Police State?], speech before the U.S. House of Representatives on June 27, 2002
* [http://dailypaul.com/node/53 The American Dream - Through the Eyes of Mrs. Ron Paul] by Mrs. Ron Paul on TheDailyPaul.

{{2008_presidential_candidates}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paul, Ron}}
[[Category:United States Representatives]]
[[Category:2008 Presidential Candidates]]
[[Category:Republican Party]]
[[Category: 110th United States Congress]]

His Dark Materials (novel)

2007-12-03T23:09:30Z

JohnGalt: minor corrections/additions

'''''His Dark Materials''''' is a trilogy of fantasy novels by [[Britain|British]] author [[Philip Pullman]]. The trilogy, which consist of ''The Northern Lights'' (''[[The Golden Compass]]'' in [[North America]]), ''The Subtle Knife'', and ''The Amber Spyglass'', center around a girl, Lyra Belacqua and companion Will Parry, who dwell in a universe parallel to ours. The author is a blatant anti-Christian and his books reflect his world view. For instance, the Christian [[heaven]] is made to be a lie, with the "afterlife" consisting of a bleak underworld where human souls are being tormented by harpies, and [[God]] being merely an [[angel]] (the first) created from Dust. Dust is called the primary agent of creativity and abstract thought in the universe. In these books, the Church stands against human ingenuity and therefore against Dust. The books, nonetheless, are quite popular in both the [[United Kingdom|UK]] and [[United States]] among atheistic and anti-Christian communities.

{{stub}}

==External Links==

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/His_Dark_Materials His Dark Materials] by [[Wikipedia]]

[[Category: Atheism]]

Talk:Boy George

2007-12-03T22:30:56Z

JohnGalt:

Because it was such a strong part of his image, if this articles stays, there should be some mention made of his permanent makeup and his later public admission of homosexuality. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 18:35, 27 July 2007 (EDT)

:I think this article should be deleted. "Boy George" isn't really a family friendly character, and we should not promote his lifestyle. [[User:SSchultz|SSchultz]] 23:35, 27 July 2007 (EDT)

::"''Boy George" isn't really a family friendly character, and we should not promote his lifestyle.'' On that score we should be deleting Genghis Khan and Adolf Hitler. Shouldn't the question be 'Is BG of any long-term cultural or historical relevance?' [[User:Pachyderm|Pachyderm]] 06:04, 28 July 2007 (EDT)

:::I'm surprised that this article describes his music in such glowing terms. The mention of his androgynous image being a large part of his popularity IMHO, seems to glorify the breakdown of traditional gender roles. [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 17:30, 3 December 2007 (EST)

Paul Schenck

2007-12-03T22:26:27Z

JohnGalt: Citation Needed

Dr. Paul Chaim Schenck is the Director of NationalProLifeRadio.net [http://www.nationalproliferadio.net] and the Executive Director of the National Pro-Life Action Center. As a leader in the Pro-Life movement, Schenck began challenging the culture of death after he was presented with the dead remains of aborted children.{{fact}}

From NPLAC.org [http://www.NPLAC.org]

When he was a minister, Dr. Schenck challenged a federal district court injunction that restricted pro-life "sidewalk counselors" from approaching men and women with bibles, tracts and a peaceful, pro-life message. The case, Schenck v. Pro-Choice, reached the [[United States Supreme Court]], which ruled 8-1 in his favor, striking down the restrictions as a fundamental violation of the First Amendment right of [[free speech]].

Dr. Schenck was raised Jewish and attended Hebrew school in Niagara Falls, New York. He became a Christian and was baptized at age sixteen. He attended a Jewish Theological Institute, a Bible College, an Evangelical Seminary, and a Catholic University. He was ordained an Anglican minister, chaplain to the Law Faculty at Regent University, Executive Vice-President of the American Center for Law and Justice, and founder of two parochial schools, a ministry to the homeless and a missionary relief organization. He and his family came to the Catholic Church in 2004.

Prof. Schenck holds degrees in the [[Bible]], religion and humanities, and possesses the Graduate Catechetical Diploma under the auspices of the Vatican Congregation for the Clergy. He was given the Life Achievement Award by Franciscan University in Steubenville, Ohio and was awarded the Doctor of Humanities, (honoris causae), by the Thomas More College of Liberal Arts in Merrimack, New Hampshire.

[[category:conservative commentators]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schenck,Paul}}

Pre Modern Terms T

2007-12-03T22:18:05Z

JohnGalt: vandalism

{{Premod Index}}

[[Taiping Rebellion]]

[[Taj Mahal]]

[[Tamerlane]]

[[Tennis Court Oath]]

[[Thirteen Colonies]]

[[Thirty Years' War]]

[[Thomas Edison]]

[[Thomas Hobbes]]

[[Thomas Malthus]]

[[Time of Troubles]]

[[Tokugawa Shogunate]]

[[Tories]]

[[Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade]]

[[Treaty of Kanagawa]]

[[Treaty of Nanjing]]

[[Treaty of Portsmouth]]

[[Treaty of Tordesillas]]

[[Treaty of Westphalia]]

[[triangular trade]]

[[Triple Alliance]]

Talk:Pre Modern Terms T

2007-12-03T22:17:32Z

JohnGalt: New page: I'm pretty sure that 'turnpike' is a modern term... ~~~~

I'm pretty sure that 'turnpike' is a modern term... [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 17:17, 3 December 2007 (EST)

Community Psychology

2007-12-03T22:16:12Z

JohnGalt: clarified and expounded

'''Community psychology''' is the field of study that focuses on understanding and helping people within a community context. Its goals are to observe and understand communities while working with the people that comprise them in order to benefit the entire group. <ref>AlleyDog.com: [http://www.alleydog.com/glossary/definition.cfm?term=Community%20Psychology Psychology Glossary]</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==External Links==
[http://www.communitypsychology.net/cmmtypsych.shtml Community Psychology Network]
{{psychology}}[[category:psychology]]

Talk:Juba

2007-12-03T22:07:30Z

JohnGalt: New page: Is this even worth having? It is nearly word-for-word from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba_(sniper)]. ~~~~

Is this even worth having? It is nearly word-for-word from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba_(sniper)]. [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 17:07, 3 December 2007 (EST)

Juba

2007-12-03T22:04:50Z

JohnGalt: Cite Sources

'''Juba''' is the name of an alleged sniper involved with the operation Iraqi Resistance featured in several [[terrorist]] videos.{{fact}}

[[category:terrorism]]

User talk:JohnGalt

2007-12-03T21:40:27Z

JohnGalt:

{{welcome|sig=[[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 15:55, 30 November 2007 (EST)}}
:Who are you? Sorry, I know that's corny, I just couldn't help it. [[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 15:55, 30 November 2007 (EST)
Haha. If I told you, it would ruin the book. [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 12:20, 3 December 2007 (EST)

What is the answer to your "honest question"? --[[User:BethanyS|~BCS]][[User talk:BethanyS|Talk2'''ME''']] 14:44, 3 December 2007 (EST)

I don't want to assume that the two are mutually exclusive, or even dichotomous. I like to think that they both influence each other. At the end of the day, Christianity gives me a reason to be conservative, yet often I find that many conservatives who believe the Bible just like me manage to find different interpretations of things that allows them to unquestioningly follow their apriori foci. I was raised to be very conservative, but I'm trying to make it my own and have answers that are better than: My parents told me. How does this question influence your internal perspectives? [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 16:40, 3 December 2007 (EST)

User talk:JohnGalt

2007-12-03T21:40:05Z

JohnGalt:

{{welcome|sig=[[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 15:55, 30 November 2007 (EST)}}
:Who are you? Sorry, I know that's corny, I just couldn't help it. [[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 15:55, 30 November 2007 (EST)
Haha. If I told you, it would ruin the book. [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 12:20, 3 December 2007 (EST)

What is the answer to your "honest question"? --[[User:BethanyS|~BCS]][[User talk:BethanyS|Talk2'''ME''']] 14:44, 3 December 2007 (EST)
I don't want to assume that the two are mutually exclusive, or even dichotomous. I like to think that they both influence each other. At the end of the day, Christianity gives me a reason to be conservative, yet often I find that many conservatives who believe the Bible just like me manage to find different interpretations of things that allows them to unquestioningly follow their apriori foci. I was raised to be very conservative, but I'm trying to make it my own and have answers that are better than: My parents told me. How does this question influence your internal perspectives? [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 16:40, 3 December 2007 (EST)

User talk:JohnGalt

2007-12-03T21:39:44Z

JohnGalt:

{{welcome|sig=[[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 15:55, 30 November 2007 (EST)}}
:Who are you? Sorry, I know that's corny, I just couldn't help it. [[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 15:55, 30 November 2007 (EST)
Haha. If I told you, it would ruin the book. [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 12:20, 3 December 2007 (EST)

What is the answer to your "honest question"? --[[User:BethanyS|~BCS]][[User talk:BethanyS|Talk2'''ME''']] 14:44, 3 December 2007 (EST)
I don't want to assume that the two are mutually exclusive, or even dichotomous. I like to think that they both influence each other. At the end of the day, Christianity gives me a reason to be conservative, yet often I find that many conservatives who believe the Bible just like me manage to find different interpretations of things that allows them to unquestioningly follow their apriori foci. I was raised to be very conservative, but I'm trying to make it my own and have answers that are better than: My parents told me. How does this question influence your internal perspectives?

Racism

2007-12-03T19:03:29Z

JohnGalt: Undo revision 346484 by Special:Contributions/BenjaminS (User talk:BenjaminS) Race is actually a socially-inferred myth...it has more to do with skin color than facial features.

'''Racism''' is [[prejudice]] and [[discrimination]] based on [[race]].
An example is a claim that of inferiority or superiority based on the color of one's skin. Another example was the [[Jim Crow]] laws.

Racism has come to mean the hatred of another person because of the color of his or her skin, or perceived difference in origin. The doctrine of [[substantive due process]] in United States constitutional law can be used to invalidate racist laws. Alternately, the [[Equal Protection|equal protection]] clause of the [[Fourteenth Amendment]] can be used to do the same. ''See e.g.'' [[Brown v. Board of Education]], 347 U.S. 483 (1954).
[[category:psychology]]

==Opposition to racism==
[[Laird Wilcox]] wrote:
*There is a [[humanist]] anti-racism that focuses on [[reconciliation]] and [[healing]], that works to bring people together, that functions openly and honestly without the use of [[dossier]]s, [[spies]], specious [[lawsuit]]s, [[disinformation]], and that recognizes the [[right]]s of individuals whether they agree with one another or not. This is the anti-racism of good neighbors, of people helping people, of community goodwill, and of the realization that we are all [[human being]]s. ... On the other hand there is a vindictive and corrupt anti-racism that focuses on paybacks and [[punishment]], that demonizes and degrades its critics, that attempts to carve out [[special rights]] for its constituency, that opposes free and open discussion of ideas, that attempts to silence, [[censor]] and stifle its opposition through intimidation and harassment, and encourages [[law enforcement]] scrutiny of opponents because of their alleged [[values]], opinions and beliefs.<ref>''The Watchdogs: A Close Look at Anti-Racist "Watchdog" Groups'', Laird Wilcox, Editorial Research Service, 1999, pg. 3. ISBN 0-993592-96-5.</ref>

==References==
<references/>

British India

2007-12-03T18:59:48Z

JohnGalt: Undo revision 346499 by Special:Contributions/Tiredoflogins (User talk:Tiredoflogins) CITE Sources!

[[Image:Taj Mahal...jpg|right|200px]]
'''British India''' refers to the period of direct [[Britain|British]] colonial rule of the Indian Subcontinent between 1858 and its independence in 1947.

The term is also used to refer to those provinces of India that were under direct British administration at that time (such as Bengal, Madras, Bombay, Punjab, Central Provinces and United Provinces), in contradistinction to the 'Princely States' (Hyderabad, Swat, Jammu & Kashmir, Udaipur, Mysore, Baroda and many more) that continued to be administered by Indian princes under British guidance, protection and suzerainty.

Perhaps the greatest symbol of British India was [[Queen Victoria]]'s title of "Empress of India."

[[category:history]]

User talk:JohnGalt

2007-12-03T17:20:13Z

JohnGalt:

Talk:Racism

2007-12-03T17:15:07Z

JohnGalt: /* Watchdog Groups */

I guess we need a definition of what is meant by "institutionalized", then. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 10:25, 16 March 2007 (EDT)

cut:

:Racism is <s>the process of making judgments based on race. Racism is making broad generalizations about a group of people based on perceived notions, (see [[prejudice]]) and then making such generalizations part of society.</s> prejudice and discrimination based on [[race]].

I'm using Diane Ravitch's definition, because it's shorter. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:28, 10 May 2007 (EDT)

== Affirmative action ==

I've heard it say that affirmative action is racist, and to some point I agree with it, though only on a technicality. However, this is an opinion, not a fact, and as such should be cited and attributed, per the [[conservapedia:Commandments|Commandments]]. [[User:HelpJazz|Help]][[User talk:HelpJazz|Jazz]] 22:39, 8 October 2007 (EDT)

== Watchdog Groups ==

The quote from [[Laird Wilcox]] was rather unrelated to the subject. It dealt with a specific sub-group of persons dealing with racism in society, but within a larger context of watchdog groups. It changes the focus and the bent of the entire article, and I feel it is not helpful nor needed in this context.
[[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 15:35, 30 November 2007 (EST)

"Given the Abuses?" I don't understand. That really doesn't seem like a valid excuse for altering that back.
[[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 12:15, 3 December 2007 (EST)

Talk:Racism

2007-12-03T17:14:48Z

JohnGalt:

Talk:Welfare

2007-11-30T22:33:19Z

JohnGalt:

==On the Reference==
Whoever added "Jackson" - needs to fully cite the source in a "references section". Just saying "Jackson, 2005" doesn't really explain anything - and therefore the reference is questionable.--[[User:Iduan|I]][[User_talk:Iduan|Duan]] 15:45, 22 November 2007 (EST)

== Citations Needed ==
This entire article needs citations.
''Welfare has been growing...''
It's also too simple. It is no longer called Welfare, and the concept has changed dramatically since its inception. I'm giving anyone who wants to look at it 1 day. After that, I'm giving it the scrubbing of its life. [[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 17:33, 30 November 2007 (EST)

Talk:John Galt

2007-11-30T22:00:48Z

JohnGalt:

This is a fantastic conservative literary figure. This page needs to be revamped.
[[User:JohnGalt|JohnGalt]] 17:00, 30 November 2007 (EST)

Talk:John Galt

2007-11-30T22:00:31Z

JohnGalt: revamp this page

This is a fantastic conservative literary figure. This page needs to be revamped.

User:JohnGalt

2007-11-30T21:59:18Z

JohnGalt: New page: == whoIS John Galt? == Some would say a madman, others a narcissist. I say he is a brilliant icon of conservatism. The ideals of selfism are important to properly realize the conservat...

== whoIS [[John Galt]]? ==
Some would say a madman, others a narcissist.
I say he is a brilliant icon of conservatism. The ideals of selfism are important to properly realize the conservative perspective. It is also imperative to consider the family model of the Strong Paternal Figure in our approach to government. Conservatives are not libertarians.

== Honest Question ==
What comes first, my Conservatism or my Christianity?

Talk:Racism

2007-11-30T20:35:10Z

JohnGalt: /* Watchdog Groups */

Talk:Racism

2007-11-30T20:34:55Z

JohnGalt: Watchdog Groups

Racism

2007-11-30T20:32:35Z

JohnGalt: I felt that the information about racist watchdog groups would be best reserved for a new page which I created.

Watchdog Groups

2007-11-30T20:31:39Z

JohnGalt: New Watchdog Groups page. I moved anti-racist watchdog group info here. There needs to be a lot of consolidation of watchdog group information from many different angles.

== Racism Watchdog Groups ==
[[Laird Wilcox]] wrote:
*There is a [[humanist]] anti-racism that focuses on [[reconciliation]] and [[healing]], that works to bring people together, that functions openly and honestly without the use of [[dossier]]s, [[spies]], specious [[lawsuit]]s, [[disinformation]], and that recognizes the [[right]]s of individuals whether they agree with one another or not. This is the anti-racism of good neighbors, of people helping people, of community goodwill, and of the realization that we are all [[human being]]s. ... On the other hand there is a vindictive and corrupt anti-racism that focuses on paybacks and [[punishment]], that demonizes and degrades its critics, that attempts to carve out [[special rights]] for its constituency, that opposes free and open discussion of ideas, that attempts to silence, [[censor]] and stifle its opposition through intimidation and harassment, and encourages [[law enforcement]] scrutiny of opponents because of their alleged [[values]], opinions and beliefs.<ref>''The Watchdogs: A Close Look at Anti-Racist "Watchdog" Groups'', Laird Wilcox, Editorial Research Service, 1999, pg. 3. ISBN 0-993592-96-5.</ref>

==References==
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