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Christian Democratic Union

2015-11-11T01:21:11Z

Jhonny: add note on constitution

The '''Christian Democratic Union of Germany''' (Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands, '''CDU''') is a political party in [[Germany]]. It is a middle-conservative party, and in 2009-2013 shared power in a coalition with the liberal libertarian [[Free Democratic Party]] (FDP). [[File:Merkel.jpg|thumb|290px| Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] leads the party]] The CDU is always in partnership with the '''[[Christian Social Union of Bavaria|Christian Social Union]]''', its more conservative sister party in [[Bavaria]]. When adding the mandates of both the CDU and CSU, who caucus together at the national level, they form the largest parliamentary group at the national level. Both parties are also in control of a majority of governments at the state level, with 11 out of 16 heads of state governments hailing from one of them.

In 2013 the CDU won again the majority with 41.5 percent, but its ally the [[Free Democratic Party]] left the parliament, because they had not enough votes.<ref>http://cnsnews.com/news/article/merkel-triumphs-german-vote-allies-crushed</ref> The Christian Democratic Union will create a coalition withe the left-center [[SPD]], who got 25.7 percent of the vote.<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/10/17/merkel-and-center-left-rivals-agree-to-recommend-entering-formal-talks-on-new/</ref>

==History==
The party was founded in post-war Germany by centrist and conservative Christian politicians who were former members of the Centre Party and wanted to overcome the divisions among democratic Christians politicians in pre-war Germany, which was perceived as one of the reasons of the deadlock in politics during the [[Weimar Republic]]. Before 1934 Germany was about 1/3 Catholic. West Germany was now about evenly split between Catholics and Protestants. The CDU (and its sister party the CSU in Bavaria) regularly won about 60% of the catholic vote, and 35-40% of the Protestants. To control a majority in the Bundestag (national parliament) it formed coalitions usually with the small Free Democrats (FDP), a conservative/libertarian party favired by big business and professionals.

Leading figures in the post-war era were [[Konrad Adenauer]] and [[Ludwig Erhard]]. Adenauer became the first Chancellor in West Germany, and who was seeking firm military and economic integration of West Germany with western Europe and the US. Ludwig Erhard was the first Minister of Economy, renowned for his advocacy and implementation of [[social market economy]], and is considered the father of the German [[Wirtschaftswunder]], the economic boom in the 50s and 60s. These two political concepts, social market economy and integration in the West, have become the two main ideological pillars of the Christian Democratic Union.

In the [[German Democratic Republic]] the CDUD (Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands engl: Christian Democratic Union of Germany) should subordinate the [[Socialist Unity Party]]. Only in the first free elections of 1990 the CDUD merged a election alliance called "Alliance for Germany" and could won the election. On October 1 and 2 of 1990 the CDUD merged with the CDU to one party.<ref>http://www.cdu.de/artikel/geschichte</ref>

It should be noted that under Merkel's leadership, the party has moved more to the political center in recent years. Voters in Germany haven't approved of this new course: although the CDU managed to emerge as the strongest party in both the 2005 and 2009 elections, winning Merkel the chancellorship, their share of the vote was only 35,2% and 33,8%<ref>http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/de/bundestagswahlen/ Official results of the 2005 and 2009 federal elections (in German) </ref>, respectively. When running more to the right, as has happened under the leadership of Bavarians Franz Josef Strauss in 1980 or Edmund Stoiber in 2002, the party performed much stronger: in 1980, Strauss almost managed to win an absolute majority; in 2002, Stoiber obtained the best results the CDU has enjoyed in the current five-party-environment. Both candidates only missed the chancellorship because the left-wing social democrats could assemble majority coalitions with smaller centrist parties.

[[File:Germ-vote-2009.jpg|300px|thumb|Exit polls from Sept. 2009 election won by the conservative coalition CDU and FDP]]
The September 2009 elections were a major win for the conservative forces led by CDU Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]], breaking a stalemate and opening the way for more conservative economic policies. Previously since an indecisive election in 2005 the Christian Democrats (CDU) (on the center-right) formed a "grand coalition" with the [[SPD|Social Democrats]] (SPD) (on the center-left). Merkel and her CDU formed a coalition with the libertarian, pro-business [[Free Democratic Party|Free Democrats]] (FDP) to 2013. Left in the cold was the SPD, the [[Alliance '90/The Greens|Greens]], and the ex-Communists who remain strong in the former East Germany under the name "[[The Left]]". Merkel moved forward on tax cuts, reform of the tax code, reduction of bureaucracy and a possible extension of the time that nuclear power plants can continue to operate.

In 2013 the [[Free Democratic Party]] (FDP) left the parliament.<ref>http://news.msn.com/world/merkels-party-wins-german-election-but-allies-crushed</ref> So the CDU created a "grand coalition" with the [[SPD]] again.<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/10/17/merkel-and-center-left-rivals-agree-to-recommend-entering-formal-talks-on-new/</ref>

==Party Structure==
===Regional Party Groups===
The party has regional party groups, the federal group (''Bundesverband'', there is only one), the state group(s) (''Landesverbände'', singular: ''Landesverband''), the county group(s) (''Kreisverbände'', singular: ''Kreisverband'') and the local group(s) (''Ortsverbände'', singular: ''Ortsverband''). All local groups in a county (''Kreis'' or ''Landkreis'') are part of the county group, all county groups in a german (federal) state (''Land'' or ''Bundesland'') are part of the state group and all state groups form the federal group.

===Federal Leadership===
The present chairwoman (of the federal party group) is German [[chancellor]] [[Angela Merkel]], vice-chairman are [[Volker Bouffier]] ([[Minister-President]] of the federal state of [[Hesse]]), [[Ursula von der Leyen]] (Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs), [[Julia Klöckner]] (chairman of the CDU of the federal state of [[Rhineland-Palatinate]]), [[Armin Laschet]] (chairman of the CDU of the federal state of [[North Rhine-Westphalia]]) and [[Thomas Strobl]] (chairman of the CDU of the federal state of [[Baden-Württemberg]]).

===Think Tank===
The federal party group holds a think tank called [[Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung]] (''Konrad Adenauer Foundation''), named after first chancellor of post-[[World War II]] Germany [[Konrad Adenauer]]. The state party groups have similar foundations.

==Bavaria==
There's a special relationship between the CDU and the [[Christian Social Union of Bavaria]] (CSU). The CSU is legally a party of its own, but cooperates closely with the CDU. The CSU only acts in the state of [[Bavaria]] and the CDU in the other states. The CSU is independent and has its own political structure and party platform, which differs in some positions from the CDU's one, so that the CSU can be considered more conservative. The most prominent politician of the CSU was [[Franz-Josef Strauss]].

The CDU has special organizations for demographic groups ([[Young Union|youth]], women, older/retired citizens, etc.).

==Positions==
The CDU is comparable with the [[Republican Party]]. It supports a social market economy, is against equality of homosexual pairs with traditional families and supports the [[USA]] and [[Israel]]. But it is has also liberal views. For example it opposes the death penalty, which is outlawed by the current German constitution.<ref>http://www.cducsu.de/Titel__todesstrafe_weltweit_aechten_und_abschaffen/TabID__6/SubTabID__7/InhaltTypID__1/InhaltID__16775/inhalte.aspx</ref>

==Famous Party Members==
*[[Konrad Adenauer]], first chancellor of the [[Germany|Federal Republic of Germany]]
*[[Helmut Kohl]], former chancellor of Germany
*[[Angela Merkel]], present chancellor of Germany, present chairwoman of the CDU

===External Links===
*[http://www.cdu.de Website of the CDU]
*[http://www.csu.de Website of the CSU]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Christian Democratic Union]]

Konrad Adenauer

2015-11-11T01:20:55Z

Jhonny: Grammar

'''Konrad Adenauer''' (1876- 1967), was the first chancellor (top official) of the Federal Republic of Germany ('''FRG''', called '''West Germany'''), 1949-63. He was the founder and leader of the [[Christian Democratic Union]] ('''CDU'''), a coalition of Catholics and Protestants that since 1946 has generally dominated German politics. A devout Catholic, he belied his age as the oldest elected leader in world history by his intense work habits and his uncanny political instinct. He displayed a strong dedication to a broad vision of democracy, capitalism, and anti-Communism. A stern patriarch and shrewd politician, Adenauer was deeply committed to the traditional values of Christianity and pursued a single-mindedly Western-oriented foreign policy. He restored the West Germany economy to dominance in Europe, rebuilt its army, came to terms with France, helped establish European unity, fought relentlessly against the Communists in rival [[East Germany]], and made his nation a pillar of [[NATO]] and a firm ally of the United States. He brough Germany prosperity, democracy, stability and respect. To a large extent Adenauer's policies still dominate Germany.[[File:Adenauer1.jpg|thumb|230px]]

==Career==
Adenauer was born in 1876, in Cologne, the son of a poor law clerk. He became a lawyer and a civil servant in Cologne, specializing in local taxation. Adenauer was elected a deputy mayor, then senior deputy mayor (1911), and served as lord high mayor of Cologne 1917-33.

In 1930, Mayor Adenauer and [[Henry Ford]] laid the cornerstone for a Ford automobile factory in that Rhineland city. Adenauer had aggressively courted Ford, hoping to increase the tax base and find jobs for his constituents, who were hard hit by the Depression. For Ford, the deal meant that he had a foothold in one of the greatest commercial and industrial cities in Germany.

Adenauer played a leading role in German national politics as a member of the Catholic [[Center Party]]. From 1917 to 1933 he served in the provincial diet of the Rhineland and in the Prussian state council as a representative of the Center Party. He later became president of the council and was also a member of the executive committee of the Center Party. In 1926 Adenauer publicly advocated a political union of Protestants and Catholics. He hoped to oppose the philosophy of the socialist [[class struggle]] with a program for a Christian social order of society.
==Nazi Era==
In 1933 Adenauer was dismissed from all his positions by the Hitler regime for "crimes against the German people." For 11 years he lived quietly near Bonn. In late 1944 the Gestapo put him in a concentration camp.

After Germany's surrender in May 1945 the Americans reinstalled Adenauer as lord mayor of Cologne. A few months later he was dismissed by the British, when Cologne was made part of their occupation zone, "for reasons of political incompetence"--that is, for negotiating with the French about a separate Rhineland.

==West Germany==
Adenauer became one of the founders of the [[Christian Democratic Union]] (CDU), a conservative coalition of Catholics and Protestants whose aim was to rebuild a shattered Germany in the Christian spirit. Adenauer insisted there be harmony between Protestants and Catholics in the new party.

After the religious nihilism of the Nazi era the moral and political authority of the Catholic Church grew immensely. The Church participated in the working out of the West German constitution. The Church acknowledged the authority of the state as a guarantor of law and order, as long as that order concurred with Christian-Humanistic doctrine. The Church formed an independent organism within the state. By the 1960s, however, German society was becoming much more secular, and the Catholic Church also lost its unity.

In the state of [[Bavaria]] the counterpart of the CDU is the entirely separate '''[[Christian Social Union of Bavaria|Christian Social Union]]''' ('''CSU'''), which operates only in Bavaria. The CDU stays out of Bavaria and in national affairs the CDU and CSU always collaborate.

==Chancellor==
In 1946, at age 70, his great political career really began. Adenauer became CDU party leader and won a series of electoral battles against the chief rival, the [[Social Democratic Party]] (SPD), the former Socialist party. The three western zones of occupation merged into West Germany and in 1948 he became president of the parliamentary council, charged with designing a democratic constitution for the German Federal Republic. In 1949, the first German Federal Diet elected him chancellor. He was re-elected in 1953, 1957, and 1961. He was forced to retire in 1963 after mishandling the [[Berlin Wall]] crisis, but remained the powerful head of the CDU until his death. He was succeeded as chancellor by his economics minister [[Ludwig Erhard]] (1897-1977), who was chancellor 1963-66.

===Domestic policies===
Adenauer's always hewed to a few fundamental principles. He opposed the agglomeration of economic and political power in the hands of the state--the goal of the Socialists, saying it was a danger for the freedom of the individual. he promoted a division of power between business and the state, in which a limited, controlling function devolves upon the state, offers greater guarantees for the preservation of personal liberties.

Adenauer worked with the economics minister Erhard to promote free enterprise, reduce regulation, strengthen the mark (the currency before the Euro), and promote economic "liberalism" especially in collaboration with the small but influential Free Democratic Party ('''FDP''')<ref>The term "liberalism" in Germany is similar to "libertarianism" in the U.S.</ref> He did not oppose labor unions because he needed their support for his foreign policy.

Opposed to extremism, Adenauer acted to make the neo-Nazi Socialist Reich Party illegal in 1952 and the Communist Party illegal in 1956.

He tried but failed to make radio broadcasting a government monopoly.

===Foreign policies===
In foreign policy Adenauer regarded as essential the conclusive settlement of Germany's see-saw policy between East and West, which in his opinion brought to the German people the disasters of the two world wars. He bound Germany firmly to the democratic West. His uncompromising hostility toward the Soviet Union was major element in the [[Cold War]], as it led to rearmament and the creation of a strong German army.

====Resolving fears of Germany====
Adenauer traded West German renunciation of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons (ABC weapons) for Western Allied approval of near-sovereignty for West Germany at the London Nine-Power (United States, Canada, Britain, France, Italy, the Benelux countries, and West Germany) Conference in 1954, thereby meeting French security demands and recognizing the special status of the United States, Britain, and France as nuclear powers. West Germans were quite ready to accept a last-recourse Allied right of intervention because this right also preserved German reunification claims.

Adenauer's diplomats quelled the fears and anger of American Jewish groups and worked to convince them of Germany's reforms on a personal as well as a national level. These efforts included the
Adenauer's support of the state of [[Israel]] and its agreement to pay compensation to that country as well as to individual victims of the Nazi [[Holocaust]], which made it difficult to doubt West Germany's good intentions.

====German rearmament====
Germany was disarmed until 1955, when Adenauer finally convinced his NATO allies that a German Army was both trustworthy and essential. The 1954 Treaties of Paris established the participation of the FRG in NATO and its rearmament. The new army made West Germany the strongest Central European power. After President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] adopted the New Look policy aimed at reducing conventional forces and making nuclear arms the central element both of deterrence and defense in case of war, the German military remained bound to the old system, which envisioned fighting off a Soviet invasion through the "Fulda Gap" in central Germany. In 1956 the United States planned to drastically reduce its armed forces and strengthen American nuclear superiority. Adenauer then understood that without nuclear weapons his country would be less powerful than Britain or France. He learned that nuclear arms for Germany was politically unacceptable in Europe. Hoping that the availability of nuclear weapons would increase deterrence, he supported the assignment of nuclear warheads to West Germany by the United States.

Now with an army he was in a position to go to Moscow in 1955 and secure the release--after a decade--of German soldiers from World War II held in Soviet POW camps. In return Moscow and Bonn exchanged ambassadors. (The German capital was in Bonn, not in Berlin, for the wartime Allies controlled Berlin until 1991.)
====European Unity====
Adenauer realized the bonding of the French and German economies was the necessary precondition of western European economic integration. He moved for closer ties with French occupation officials. The French responded favorably, producing an economic rapprochement that led to West German membership in the European Community. The steady growth of Franco-German trade promoted political understanding between the two states and enabled France to make fundamental structural changes in her economy. This could not be accomplished along exclusively bilateral lines, but the Rome Treaties negotiations led France to move toward multilateral negotiations. French interest in nuclear research and the Suez Canal debacle strengthened this movement. With the establishment of the European Economic Community, France and West Germany were able to deal with western European problems as partners.

In negotiating the Schuman Plan to create the European Coal and Steel Community from 1950 to 1952, the key figures - [[Jean Monnet]], [[Robert Schuman]], and Adenauer- battled determinedly and effectively both for the ideal of a new era of Franco-German understanding and for pragmatic economic political interests of both countries. One serious stumbling block was the status of the [[Saar]] region, which France now controlled. (1876-1967) over the status of the Saar. The French claimed that the economic union of the Saar with France was essential and that the Saar be neither French nor German politically but that it be Europeanized. The German position was that the Saar was German politically and culturally and therefore could not be French economically. France allowed a plebiscite and the Saar joined Germany in 1957.co

France and West Germany were brought together by common interests starting from 1955, but did not agree with regard to European union and relations with the United States. In 1955 France was pleased by the Geneva conferences that left Germany divided. Furthermore, the Rome treaties of 1957 established the [[Common Market]] limited to six countries, a solution advocated by France against the larger union envisioned by Adenauer. [[Charles De Gaulle]] proposed establishing a European political organization anchored on a Franco-German alliance independent of the United States. Adenauer agreed to this project as preferable to a London-Paris-Washington alliance. However, Adenauer underestimated De Gaulle's intent to destroy the Atlantic alliance, and De Gaulle did not understand that West Germany would never substitute French support for that of the United States. [[John F. Kennedy]]'s policy toward the Soviets and the fear of American abandonment of Europe contributed to the agreements between De Gaulle and Adenauer that culminated in the Elysée treaty in 1963.
=====Labor unions=====
To achieve European unity, Adenauer needed the cooperation of the labor union, which mostly supported the opposition SPD. The German Federation of Trade Unions (DGB) saw itself in a political role, and largely favored the idea of European integration. A key test of its European credentials was its attitude toward the [[Schuman Plan]], proposed by France, for a common market for coal, iron, and steel. The DGB accepted the plan following its entry in 1949 into the International Federation of Free Trade Unions, though it was aware of the risk of internal tensions and friction with SPD politicians. The issue also became interwoven with the Pleven Plan to create a European defense community. The agreement that was finally reached between Adenauer and the DGB involved some compromise on the issue of equal union participation in the coal and steel industry, but was not a "deal" based on prior concessions. Adenauer's dealings with the DGB leadership showed cool calculation, and their close cooperation reflected the DGB's sense of political responsibility and general enthusiasm for Europe.

==Further reading==
* Cudlipp, E. ''Adenauer'' (1985)
* Granieri, Ronald J. ''The Ambivalent Alliance: Konrad Adenauer, the CDU/CSU, and the West, 1949-1966‎'' (2004) 250 pages [http://books.google.com/books?id=gL0BUSQOc1EC&dq=intitle:Konrad+intitle:Adenauer&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=3&as_pt=ALLTYPES excerpt and text search]
* Heidenheimer, Arnold J. ''Adenauer and the CDU: the Rise of the Leader and the Integration of the Party'' (1960)
* Hiscocks, Richard. ''The Adenauer Era'' (1966)
* Rovan, Joseph. ''Konrad Adenauer'' (1987) 182 pages [http://books.google.com/books?id=3dHtW4yojJIC&dq=intitle:Konrad+intitle:Adenauer&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=3&as_pt=ALLTYPES excerpt and text search]
* Schwarz, Hans-Peter. ''Konrad Adenauer: A German Politician and Statesman in a Period of War, Revolution and Reconstruction. Vol. 1: From the German Empire to the Federal Republic, 1876-1952.''
** Schwarz, Hans-Peter. ''vol 2: Konrad Adenauer a German politician and statesman in a period of war, revolution and reconstruction'' (1995) 759 pp. [http://books.google.com/books?id=T4vQw1RNkQ8C&dq=intitle:Konrad+intitle:Adenauer+intitle:A+intitle:German+intitle:Politician+intitle:and+intitle:Statesman&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES excerpt and text search vol 2]; also [http://www.questia.com/read/98804131 full text online]
* Williams, Charles. ''Konrad Adenauer: The Father of the New Germany'' (2001), 624pp

===Primary sources===
* Adenauer, Konrad. ''Memoirs'', (4 vols. English edition 1966-70)
==Notes==
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Adenauer, Konrad}}

{{German Chancellors}}

[[Category:German People]]
[[category:German History]]
[[category:Cold War]]
[[Category:Catholic Politicians]]
[[Category:German Chancellors]]
[[Category:Christian Democrat Union politicians]]

Willy Brandt

2015-11-11T01:18:21Z

Jhonny: the spy

'''Willy Brandt''' (1913-1992) was the fourth chancellor of [[Germany]], president of the [[Socialist International]] and chairman of the Socialdemocratic party of Germany, which he had joined in 1930.

In 1933, he emigrated to Norway and in 1940 to Sweden, but he returned to Germany after the Second World War.

In 1966, he became foreign minister in the government of [[Georg Kiesinger]] in a coalition of the center-right [[CDU]]/[[CSU]] and the social-democratic [[SPD]].

In 1969, he let a government of [[SPD]] and the liberal [[FDP]], but resigned in 1974, when a spy of [[GDR]] was found in his administration. Part of the scandal was the fact (well-known among politicians, yet not published by the press) that Brandt was a notorious womanizer and the spy was told to "introduce women to Brandt" in one of the intercepted messages from the GDR.

He was known for his improvement of the relationships to the [[German Democratic Republic]], but his policy was supported by [[Richard Nixon]].

{{German Chancellors}}

[[Category:German People]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians]]
[[Category:German Chancellors]]
[[Category:Nobel Prize]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brandt, Willy}}

Helmut Kohl

2015-11-11T01:16:13Z

Jhonny: Expand content

'''Helmut Kohl''' (born April 3, 1930) was the chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, who united [[East Germany|East]] and West Germany into one Germany in 1990 after the [[Berlin Wall]] was torn down. He held office from 1982 until 1998 when [[Gerhard Schröder]] of the German [[SPD|social-democratic party]] was elected chancellor. Kohl is a member of the [[Christian Democratic Union]]. He was raised in a Roman Catholic family.<ref>http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/321076/Helmut-Kohl</ref> Kohl is widely considered the "father of German unity" and turned Germany back to [[Christian]] principles in his "geistig moralische Wende" (spiritual and moral turn) that he announced upon taking over from [[Helmut Schmidt]] in 1982. Liberals and Leftists often deride him for his plainspoken manner and his love of his country and home, including Palatinate cuisine, which he famously served guests, including [[Ronald Reagan]]. They of course forget, that Kohl is yet one more example of the [[best of the public]] rising to leading a country to a better, more moral future.

==References==
<references/>

{{German Chancellors}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kohl, Helmut}}
[[Category:German Chancellors]]
[[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom award winners]]
[[Category:Christian Democrat Union politicians]]
[[Category:Former Heads of government]]

Helmut Schmidt

2015-11-11T01:11:58Z

Jhonny: Expand content

'''Helmut Schmidt''' (1918 - 2015) was the fifth chancellor of [[Germany|Western Germany]] (''Bundeskanzler''). Like his predecessor [[Willy Brandt]], he belonged to the [[SPD]], the social-democratic party of Germany. Schmidt served as chancellor from 1974 to 1982 when he was succeeded by [[Helmut Kohl]] who promised a ''geistig moralische Wende'' (spiritual and moral turn), governing the country based on [[Christian]] principles as head of his Christian Democratic Union. Schmidt died on November 10 2015-

[[Category:German People]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians]]
[[Category:German Chancellors]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schmidt, Helmut}}

Wikivoyage

2015-11-11T01:05:44Z

Jhonny: add information on liberal bias

'''Wikivoyage''' is a project of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]] that seeks to create a world-wide travel guide. It was split of from Wikitravel after a continuous smear-campaign against the parent company of Wikitravel perpetrated by the atheist and liberal Wikimedia foundation. While it claims to have neither religious nor political bias, its articles on [https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Christianity Christianity], the [https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/United_States_of_America#Police United States of America] and [https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Islam#Respect apologism for Islam] show that it is just as biased as other projects of the Wikimedia Foundation, the parent company of Wikipedia. Maybe this is what happens when a secular foundation takes over a well maintained advertising financed capitalist wiki.

==External links==
*[http://en.wikivoyage.org/ Official website]

[[Category:Wikimedia Foundation]]