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	<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Jchang1</id>
	<title>Conservapedia - User contributions [en]</title>
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	<updated>2026-10-24T11:05:52Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.35.14</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Homosexual_lifestyle&amp;diff=967401</id>
		<title>Talk:Homosexual lifestyle</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Homosexual_lifestyle&amp;diff=967401"/>
		<updated>2012-03-09T20:49:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Jchang1: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I have issues with the methodological aspects of Kirk Camerons research. Multiple articles have proven his studies to be in error. As such I am installing a disclaimer. Furthermore the website that has the citations for S&amp;amp;M lack the citations to the studies it referenced. As such this will be removed. Additionally, the studies that are cited on said website suffer from response rate errors.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jchang1</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Homosexual_lifestyle&amp;diff=967400</id>
		<title>Talk:Homosexual lifestyle</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Homosexual_lifestyle&amp;diff=967400"/>
		<updated>2012-03-09T20:46:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Jchang1: Created page with &amp;quot;I have issues with the methodological aspects of Kirk Camerons research. Multiple articles have proven his studies to be in error. As such I am installing a disclaimer.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I have issues with the methodological aspects of Kirk Camerons research. Multiple articles have proven his studies to be in error. As such I am installing a disclaimer.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jchang1</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Judicial_activism&amp;diff=967397</id>
		<title>Judicial activism</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Judicial_activism&amp;diff=967397"/>
		<updated>2012-03-09T20:35:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Jchang1: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Judicial activism''' is when [[court]]s do not confine themselves to reasonable interpretations of laws, but instead create law.  Alternatively, judicial activism is when courts do not limit their ruling to the dispute before them, but instead establish a new rule to apply broadly to issues not presented in the specific action.  &amp;quot;Judicial activism&amp;quot; is when judges substitute their own political opinions for the applicable law, or when judges act like a legislature (legislating from the bench) rather than like a traditional court.  In so doing, the court takes for itself the powers of [[Congress]], rather than limiting itself to the powers traditionally given to the judiciary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this regard, judicial activism is a way for liberals to avoid the regular legislative means of enacting laws in order to ignore public opinion and dodge public debate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Courts in California &amp;amp;#8212; both state and federal ones &amp;amp;#8212; frequently engage in judicial activism. One major example of this is the relatively recent California Supreme Court decision ''In re Marriage Cases'', wherein four California [[Supreme Court]] justices (who are appointed, not elected) unilaterally overruled the will of the people of the state of California, and legalized gay &amp;quot;marriage.&amp;quot;  Proposition 22, which recognized the traditional definition of marriage had previously been put in place by a majority of California voters, but this did not deter the [[liberal]] judges of the court from acting.  In response, a majority of California voters passed [[Proposition 8]], which amended California's Constitution to uphold the sanctity of marriage, stemming the tide of the [[liberal]] [[homosexual]] assault on marriage before it was too late.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Judicial activism should not be confused with the courts' [[United States Constitution|Constitutionally]] mandated rule in enforcing [[limited government|limitations on government power]] and preserving the Constitutional structure of government, as they did in ''[[Bush v. Gore]],'' ''[[Boy Scouts v. Dale]],'' and ''[[D.C. v. Heller]].''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Griswold v. Connecticut]] - 1965 Supreme Court ruling establishing a constitutional right to posess, distribute and use [[contraception]].&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Roe v. Wade]] - 1973 Supreme Court ruling establishing a constitutional right to [[abortion]].&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Nicaragua]]n Supreme Court ruling allowing incumbent president [[Daniel Ortega]] to contest the 2011 election. The Nicaraguan constitution forbids an individual from serving as president for more than two non consecutive terms, disbarring Ortega from filing for reelection on both of these counts. Daniel Ortega, not willing to give up power, had the Sandinista controlled Supreme Court overrule the current law as being in violation of human rights.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/10/nicaraguas-presidential-elections-how-daniel-ortega-could-shame-democracy Nicaragua’s Presidential Elections: How Daniel Ortega Could Shame Democracy - The American Heritage Foundation]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Israel]]i Supreme Court is known for making ideologically based decisions and issuing rulings in favor of the country's left camp and against its opponents.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.americanthinker.com/2011/07/the_threat_to_israeli_liberties_from_the_israeli_supreme_court.html The Threat to Israeli Liberties from the Israeli Supreme Court - The American Thinker]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Examples of this include forcing the Israelis government to recognize [[same-sex &amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot;|same-sex &amp;quot;marriages&amp;quot;]] performed abroad.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ksdk.com/news/article/107947/0/Israels-Supreme-Court-Approves-Same-Sex-Marriages-Performed-Abroad- Israel's Supreme Court Approves Same-Sex Marriages Performed Abroad - Associated Press]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Contract law ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Seventh Circuit]] has criticized as &amp;quot;judicial activism&amp;quot; an interpretation of a contract beyond its clear meaning.  &amp;quot;Thus, when a contract is unambiguous, 'we refuse to indulge in judicial activism' by 'construing the [contract] beyond its clear and obvious language ....' See Heller v. Equitable Life Assurance Soc'y, 833 F.2d 1253, 1257 (7th Cir. 1987).&amp;quot;  ''Grun v. Pneumo Abex Corp.'', 163 F.3d 411, 420 (7th Cir. 1998).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Judicial Restraint]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United States Supreme Court]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sonia Sotomayor]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Liberalism}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:United States Government]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:United States Supreme Court]] &lt;br /&gt;
[[category:law]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:judicial activism]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jchang1</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Judicial_activism&amp;diff=967396</id>
		<title>Talk:Judicial activism</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Judicial_activism&amp;diff=967396"/>
		<updated>2012-03-09T20:34:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Jchang1: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;GREAT Chevron cite, dude!  I love the definition.--[[User:AmesG|AmesG]] 18:17, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I disagree with the definition.  Roe v. Wade is &amp;quot;established precedent&amp;quot; now, but I wouldn't say that anyone who ever overrules a case (particularly that case) or who issues a ruling that appears to be contrary to it was a &amp;quot;judicial activist&amp;quot;  To me, the core of &amp;quot;Judicial Activism&amp;quot; is inventing rights that are not established by the text of the Constitution or other law at issue, but that the judge thinks is &amp;quot;good policy&amp;quot; or otherwise thinks &amp;quot;should be&amp;quot; the law.    I would say that overruling or ignoring precedent that itself established such a right is simple correction, rather than a new example of activism. &amp;lt;font color=navy&amp;gt;[[User:JesusSaves|JesusSaves]] 07:40, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It's hard to tell because the piece is so poorly written, but is this actually saying that racial segregation was &amp;quot;an integral part of society&amp;quot;? [[User:Dadsnagem2|Dadsnagem2]] 13:11, 14 May 2008 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:It was, at the time. It doesn't matter if racism is right or wrong, it's just the judiciaries place to say. It's the legislatures. If the court had ruled differently, chances are that interracial marriage would have been made legal and racial discrimination and segregation prohibited by state laws and an act of congress - by the will of the people as expressed by their representatives, not the thoughts of judges, however well-intended. And if they hadn't been able to redefine marriage for legal purposes then, it would be much harder for them to do so now. [[User:NewCrusader|NewCrusader]] 17:58, 5 October 2008 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is it just me, or is this article pretty obvious parody? [[User:TGeary|TGeary]] 22:19, 30 October 2008 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I believe the current version of this page is blatant liberal parody, and I'm going to work on rewriting it some.  [[User:TGeary|TGeary]] 22:31, 2 November 2008 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I noticed that examples of Supreme Court cases were presented without citations and explanation on why they were examples of judicial activism. I will be removing the examples section as they lack proper citation and evidence.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jchang1</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homosexual_Couples_and_Domestic_Violence&amp;diff=967395</id>
		<title>Homosexual Couples and Domestic Violence</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homosexual_Couples_and_Domestic_Violence&amp;diff=967395"/>
		<updated>2012-03-09T20:31:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Jchang1: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Cycle.gif|thumbnail|200px|right|A study by the [[Canada|Canadian]] government states that &amp;quot;violence was twice as common among homosexual couples compared with [[heterosexual]] couples&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-570-x/85-570-x2006001-eng.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
In regards to '''homosexual couples and domestic violence''', studies indicate that [http://www.conservapedia.com/Homosexuality#Homosexuality_and_Promiscuity|homosexual as a whole [[homosexuality|homosexual]] couples have higher rates of promiscuity than heterosexual couples.]  In addition, studies report that homosexual couples have significantly higher incidences of violent behavior which will be covered shortly. These studies are not surprising at all given what pathologists have stated regarding [[Homosexuality and Murders|the commonness and brutality of homosexual murders]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, science has not proven a causative link between homosexuality and domestic violence. Other possibilities would include that gay couples are more willing to report domestic violence thus increasing that amount of documented cases, while heterosexual couples do not. Therefore, under this premise both heterosexual and homosexual groups could have statistically insignificant domestic abuse rates, while only reporting motivations give an illusion of higher rates.     &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Regarding studies regarding homosexual couples and violence, a recent study by the [[Canada|Canadian]] government regarding homosexual couples states that &amp;quot;violence was twice as common among homosexual couples compared with [[heterosexual]] couples&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.statcan.ca/english/research/85-570-XIE/85-570-XIE2006001.pdf 2004 General Social Survey], Statistics Canada, Canada's National Statistical Agency, July 7, 2005&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; According the [[American College of Pediatricians]] who cite several studies violence among homosexual couples is two to three times more common than among married heterosexual couples.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;acpeds&amp;quot;&amp;gt;http://www.acpeds.org/?CONTEXT=art&amp;amp;cat=22&amp;amp;art=50&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In addition, the [[American College of Pediatricians]] states the following: &amp;quot;Homosexual partnerships are significantly more prone to dissolution than heterosexual marriages with the average homosexual relationship lasting only two to three years.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;acpeds&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June of 2004, the journal ''Nursing Clinics of North America'' reported the following regarding homosexual couples:&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|Domestic abuse is under-reported in the gay community...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Male-on-male same-sex domestic violence also has been reported in couples where one or both persons are [[HIV]]-positive. Intimate partner abuse and violence include humiliation, threatening to disclose HIV status, withholding HIV therapy, and harming family members or pets.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&amp;amp;db=PubMed&amp;amp;dopt=AbstractPlus&amp;amp;list_uids=15159188 Nursing Clinics of North America North Am. 2004 Jun;39(2):403]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, the [[New York Times]] in an article entitled ''Silence Ending About Abuse in Gay Relationships'' cites some information which may indicate that domestic abuse may be under-reported in the homosexual community.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;nytimes&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F06E6DC1239F935A35752C1A9669C8B63&amp;amp;n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/Subjects/D/Domestic%20Violence  New York Times, Silence Ending About Abuse in Gay Relationships by By JOHN LELAND, November 6, 2000]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The New York Times article states the following:&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|But the issue of gay domestic abuse has been shrouded by silence until recently...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For years, gay people have tried to keep quiet about the problem, said Dave Shannon, coordinator of the violence recovery program at Fenway Community Health, a gay and lesbian clinic in Boston. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mr. Shannon said: ''People feel, 'Why should we air our dirty laundry? People feel so negatively about us already, the last thing we should do is contribute to negative stereotypes of us.' ''&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;nytimes&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
==Studies==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Journal of the Family Research Institute using data from the U.S. Justice Department's Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Center for Disease Control concluded that &amp;quot;married men who are not separated are at least 25 times less apt to be domestically attacked than a homosexual male in an 'on-going relationship.' Even if we include all married and separated husbands, the risk of domestic violence in a male-male homosexual relationship is still at least 18 times greater.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.familyresearchinst.org/FRR_01_12.html Gay Domestic Violence Finally Measured], Journal of the Family Research Institute, Vol. 16 No. 8, Dec 2001&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Another study indicated that 83% of homosexuals report they have been emotionally abused by homosexual partners. &amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;jfv&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://www.springerlink.com/content/r130ql0471892435/ A Descriptive Analysis of Same-Sex Relationship Violence for a Diverse Sample], The Journal of Family Violence, Publisher Springer Netherlands, Volume 15, Number 3, September, 2000, Pages 281-293. ISSN 0885-7482 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Domestic Abuse Fact Sheet states that &amp;quot;11% of women in homosexual relationships and 23% of men in homosexual relationships report being raped, physically assaulted, and/or stalked by an intimate partner&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ncptsd.va.gov/ncmain/ncdocs/fact_shts/fs_domestic_violence.html#Anchor-Fischbach-17304 National Center for PTSD Fact Sheet]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A study published in The ''Journal of Family Violence'' reported among its participants that &amp;quot;Emotional abuse was reported by 83%&amp;quot; of its participants.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;jfv&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A study in the Journal of Interpersonal Violence examined conflict and violence in lesbian relationships. The researchers found that 90 percent of the lesbians surveyed had been recipients of one or more acts of verbal aggression from their intimate partners during the year prior to this study, with 31 percent reporting one or more incidents of physical abuse. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Lettie L. Lockhart et al., &amp;quot;Letting out the Secret:Violence in Lesbian Relationships,&amp;quot; pp. 469-492 Journal of Interpersonal Violence 9 (1994)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A 1985 study of 1109 lesbians by Gwat-Yong Lie and Sabrina Gentlewarrier reported that slightly more than half of the respondents indicated that they had been abused by a female partner.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gwat-Yong Lie &amp;amp; S. Gentlewarrier. ''Intimate Violence in Lesbian Relationships: Discussion of Survey Findings and Practice Implications'', p. 46 (1991) 15 Journal of Social Service Research The Haworth Press&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Coleman, in a 1990 study of 90 lesbians reported that 46.6% had experienced repeated acts of violence.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Coleman, V. ''The Relationship Between Personality and the Perpetration of Violence'', Internet, Abstracted from Violence and Victims, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1994&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A study of 113 lesbians reported (1994) that 41% said they had been abused in one or more relationships.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ristock, J., ''And Justice for All?...The Social Context of Legal Responses to Abuse in Lesbian Relationships'', (1994) 7 Canadian Journal of Women and the Law 420&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* In their book, ''Men Who Beat the Men Who Love Them: Battered Gay Men and Domestic Violence'' (1991), Island and Letellier postulate that &amp;quot;the incidence of domestic violence among gay men is nearly double that in the heterosexual population.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;D. Island and P. Letellier, ''Men Who Beat the Men Who Love Them: Battered Gay Men and Domestic Violence'', (New York: Haworth Press, 1991)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The Journal of Social Service Research reported in  1991 that survey of 1,099 lesbians showed that slightly more than 50 percent of the lesbians reported that they had been abused by a female lover/partner, &amp;quot;the most frequently indicated forms of abuse were verbal/emotional/psychological abuse and combined physical-psychological abuse.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gwat Yong Lie and Sabrina Gentlewarrier, ''Intimate Violence in Lesbian Relationships: Discussion of Survey Findings and Practice Implications'', p. 46, Journal of Social Service Research 15 (1991)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* A study of lesbian couples reported (2000) in the Handbook of Family Development and Intervention &amp;quot;indicates that 54 percent had experienced 10 or more abusive incidents, 74 percent had experienced six or more incidents, 60 percent reported a pattern to the abuse, and 71 percent said it grew worse over time.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;William C. Nichols, et al, editors, ''Handbook of Family Development and Intervention'', p. 393  (New York:John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2000)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexual Marriage]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality Statistics]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.frc.org/get.cfm?i=IS04C02 Comparing the Lifestyles of Homosexual Couples to Married Couples]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{homosexualityb}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Domestic Violence]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jchang1</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Ray_Comfort&amp;diff=967393</id>
		<title>Talk:Ray Comfort</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Ray_Comfort&amp;diff=967393"/>
		<updated>2012-03-09T20:25:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Jchang1: Created page with &amp;quot;There has been accusations made that atheists edited the video, yet I examined Ray Comfort's website and it did not say anything about the video being edited. He makes claims tha...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;There has been accusations made that atheists edited the video, yet I examined Ray Comfort's website and it did not say anything about the video being edited. He makes claims that the video was satire but no evidence for that has been presented and he seems quite serious. Either modify the banana sub article or I will remove it as I feel it is lying, and that is not with God's will.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jchang1</name></author>
	</entry>
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