Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Hurricane Sandy

2012-11-01T01:37:32Z

IanR: add Tom Corbett

[[File:Hurricane Sandy damage.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Damage left by Hurricane Sandy in New Jersey -- damage that could have been fixed earlier if the government had given free enterprise a chance to do so.]]
'''Hurricane Sandy''' was a tropical storm combined with a land-based weather system (on October 29-30, 2012) that hit the [[New Jersey]] Shore at about 5pm on Monday, October 29, 2012, destroying substantial parts of it. It initially killed at least 11 people,<ref name=cnn>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/29/us/tropical-weather-sandy/index.html|title=Sandy wreaks havoc across Northeast; at least 11 dead|first=Matt|last=Smith|work=CNN|date=October 30, 2012|accessdate=October 30,2012}}</ref> and that tragic casualty toll rose to at least 55. The storm caused more than 2.8 million power outages across the Northeast,<ref name=cnn/> and billions of dollars in damage. By Tuesday night, it had crossed to western Pennsylvania.

The storm had already killed 70 people in [[Cuba]], [[Haiti]], the [[Dominican Republic]] and the [[Bahamas]].

The Governor of Pennsylvania [[Tom Corbett]] declared a State of Emergency Saturday night. Other emergencies have been declared in Maryland, New York, Virginia and Washington D.C., with widespread power outages expected.
The New York City subway system began shutting down at 7:00 Sunday night, and the mayor announced that public schools would not open Monday.

Politicians are concerned that Hurricane Sandy may affect [[early voting]] in eastern states.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/10/how-sandy-is-affecting-early-voting-in-swing-states/|title=How Sandy Affects Early Voting in Swing States|date=October 29, 2012|accessdate=October 30, 2012|work=ABC News}}</ref> On October 28, 2012, [[Virginia]]'s Republican Governor [[Robert McDonnell]] announced that he was requesting the State Board of Elections to expand the number of in-person absentee voting hours between the end of the storm and the election day.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailypress.com/news/breaking/dp-mcdonnell-urges-caution-and-preparation-will-expand-hours-for-absentee-voting-20121028,0,982955.story?track=rss&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+hrdailypress%2Fnews+%28Daily+Press+-+Front+Page+News%29|title=McDonnell urges caution and preparation; will expand hours for absentee voting|first=Todd |last=Wilson|work=Hampton Roads Daily Press|date=October 28, 2012|accessdate=October 30, 2012}}</ref>

==Nickname==
It was dubbed the "Frankenstorm" (a reference to the [[Mary Shelley]] novel) after weather forecasters said that a merger between Sandy, a cold front and a jetstream would turn the hurricane into a composite storm of monstrous proportions.

== References ==

<references/>

User talk:IanR

2011-08-15T00:59:32Z

IanR:

{{welcome}}--[[User:JamesWilson|JamesWilson]] 20:10, 21 July 2011 (EDT)
:Thank you JamesWilson. [[User:IanR|IanR]] 20:59, 14 August 2011 (EDT)

User:IanR

2011-08-15T00:59:03Z

IanR:

I know a bit about chemistry and science in general.

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows

2011-07-31T22:42:01Z

IanR:

'''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows''' (released on July 21, 2007) is the seventh novel in the ''Harry Potter'' series by [[J.K. Rowling]]. Harry is of age now and has to finish off [[Lord Voldemort]]. The Dark Lord now controls [[Hogwarts]] and appoints his henchman [[Snape]] as headmaster. Harry has to destroy all of the Dark Lord's Horcruxes (parts of his soul entombed in objects) and then kill the Dark Lord himself. He eventually comes to Hogwarts to find the second to last Horcrux he needs to destroy. In the end he sees Voldemort murder Snape and discovers that Snape was only pretending to support Voldemort and had actually secretly been on the anti-Voldemort side the whole time. Harry manages to kill Voldemort at the end of the book.

The novel was later made into two movies.

[[Category:Novels]]
[[Category:Harry Potter Movies]]

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows

2011-07-31T22:41:34Z

IanR:

'''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows''' (released on July 21, 2007) is the seventh novel in the ''Harry Potter'' series by [[J.K. Rowling]]. Harry is of age now and has to finish off [[Lord Voldemort]]. The Dark Lord now controls [[Hogwarts]] and appoints his henchman [[Snape]] as headmaster. Harry has to destroy all of the Dark Lord's Horcruxes (parts of his soul entombed in objects) and then kill the Dark Lord himself. He eventually comes to Hogwarts to find the second to last Horcrux he needs to destroy. In the end he sees Voldemort murder Snape and discovers that Snape was only pretending to support Voldemort and had actually secretly been on the anti-Voldemort side the whole time. Harry manages to kill Voldemort at the end of the book.

[[Category:Novels]]
[[Category:Harry Potter Movies]]

Debate:Should RobS lose his Sysop rights?

2011-07-31T19:22:16Z

IanR: /* Nay */

<center>'''Uhhh, this really isn't a debate. It's a poll. In response to [[User:Conservative]] pressuring the site owner to abandon established site policies and invoke [[mob rule]], please indicate your votes below.'''</center><center><small>''Note:User participation here will be exempt from the 90/10 rule, however there's no guarantee you may not suffer a reprisal block for participating. I will however do whatever I can to help if that were to happen.''</small></center>
[[Category:Conservapedia Debates]]

==Yea==
*[[User:Conservative]]
*[[User:TerryH]]
*[[User:Karajou]]
*Mystery Sysop 1
*Mystery Sysop 2

(To make the vote count accurate, I'm adding some votes that have been cast [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk%3AAschlafly&action=historysubmit&diff=895426&oldid=895420 elsewhere]. I invite anyone I've listed to add a comment by their name. --[[User:MarkGall|MarkGall]] 15:11, 31 July 2011 (EDT))

(Note also: Only actual signed votes by actual registered users carry any weight. Statements that some unidentified person has privately supported one's position by email carry no weight. Note also that sockpuppets are strictly forbidden at Conservapedia, and that "checkuser" is used to discover violations. --[[User:SamHB|SamHB]] 15:18, 31 July 2011 (EDT))

==Nay==

*I vote '''nay'''. RobS is trying to bring accountability to the site. There is something admirable in that, and it's a move in the right direction. [[User:KBarnett|—KBarnett ]] 14:56, 31 July 2011 (EDT)
*RobS should keep his rights. If anything, Conservative should lose his. [[User:JonS|JonS]] 15:00, 31 July 2011 (EDT)

*Nay. I can't see a reason why RobS should lose his rights, especially when there are others who seem to actively be harming the site through their actions.--[[User:MRellek|MRellek]] 15:03, 31 July 2011 (EDT)
*Obvious '''nay''' for obvious reasons. We need to put an end to arbitrary block times and the constant history deletion of pages (such as the ''Community Portal'') at the very least. As long as the sysops have the right to do whatever they please (while subjecting regular users to rules that are much stricter than for example Wikipedia's policies), the community won't grow and will forever be a paradise for parodists. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 15:04, 31 July 2011 (EDT)
*I vote no. I haven't been around in quite some time, but I used to be a fairly active user (with block rights etc) and left in part because of some of the same issues RobS has addressed. I too believe these "reforms" are necessary for the site to move forward, and may return to active participation if something along these lines is enacted. --[[User:MarkGall|MarkGall]] 15:08, 31 July 2011 (EDT) (editing while traveling, please don't ban me for the IP change!) (PS: can some sysop fix the spelling of this page?)
*Obvious '''nay''', for all the reasons that have been discussed, by many people, here and elsewhere. --[[User:SamHB|SamHB]] 15:18, 31 July 2011 (EDT)
*Nay. I'm not well versed in this discussion nor this site, but even after wading through the community portal, it's not clearly expressed what RobS has done incorrectly that violates the policy of the site. If anything, this seems more a grudge match, something in between a tit-for-tat and a vendetta. Is Conservapedia really at a point at which ideas for the site can't be discussed? [[User:IanR|IanR]] 15:22, 31 July 2011 (EDT)

Blue mussel

2011-07-29T23:43:58Z

IanR:

The '''blue mussel''', ''Mylius edulis'', is a type of [[shellfish]] known for its blue shell.

They live off the east coast of [[North America]] from [[Canada]] to [[North Carolina]]. They are eaten, after cooking, and can be steamed or smoked. Each filters between 10-15 gallons of water per day. At one point, Canadians who ate blue mussels from off [[Prince Edward Island]] became sick, experiencing short term [[amnesia]] from shellfish poisoning.<ref>[http://www.ocean.udel.edu/mas/seafood/bluemussel.html]</ref> They serve as an indicator species as toxic chemical accumulate in their systems being relatively low on the food chain.<ref>http://www.cascobay.usm.maine.edu/pdfs/Toxics%20Chapter%205.pdf</ref>

The blue mussel is one example of rapid, short-term evolution. As the result of the [[Asian shore crab]] eating the blue mussel, they developed a thicker shell. Researchers were able to use a distinct population of blue mussels that did not have the [[Asia]]n shore crab as a predator as a control that did not have the corresponding change in shell thickness. Because the control group was not naturally selected to have a thicker shell thickness, they did not evolve.<ref>[http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/060901_mussels]</ref>

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Molluscs]]
[[Category:Seafood]]

User:IanR

2011-07-29T23:37:59Z

IanR: remove template from my userpage that is duplicated on talk page

Pennsylvania

2011-07-22T00:06:03Z

IanR: /* Federal */

{{USState
|name=Pennsylvania
|flag=Pennsylvania_State_Flag.gif
|motto="Virtue, Liberty, and Independence"
|nick=The Keystone State
|capital=Harrisburg
|language=None
|governor=Tom Corbett
|gparty=Republican
|senator1=Bob Casey, Jr.
|s1party=Democrat
|s1phone=(202) 224-6324
|s1email=http://casey.senate.gov/contact/ Contact
|senator2=Pat Toomey
|s2party=Republican
|s2phone=(202) 224-4254
|s2email=http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/senators/one_item_and_teasers/Toomey_Pat.htm Contact
|population=
|date=December 12, 1787 (2nd)
}}
'''Pennsylvania''' was one of the original thirteen colonies. It is now a US state. Its capital is [[Harrisburg]] and it borders [[Ohio]], [[Maryland]], [[New York]], [[New Jersey]], [[Delaware]], and [[West Virginia]].
==History==
When Europeans settlers arrived in the early 17th century the area was inhabited by about 15,000 Indians; they belonged to three main tribal groups, the Delaware, Susquehanna, and Shawnee. The English, Dutch, and Swedes all sought to occupy the land, but the English won the wars and took control. Dutch trading posts were established first; in 1637 Swedes built Fort Christina, and in 1643, began the first permanent settlement, located at the mouth of the Schuylkill River. The Dutch seized New Sweden in 1655, only to lose it to the English in 1664. King Charles II gave it to William Penn to pay off debts; the Penn family were the proprietors (owners) until 1776, when they were overthrown by the patriots as part of the American Revolution.
===Religious tolerance===
The colony was founded and owned by [[William Penn]], an English Quaker who wanted a place where [[Quaker]]s and other denominations could worship freely without persecution. The first Colonial Legislative Act, the Great Law of Pennsylvania, December 7, 1682, mandated: <blockquote>"That no person ... who shall confess and acknowledge one Almighty God
to be the Creator, Upholder and Ruler of the World ... shall in any case be molested or prejudiced for his, or her Conscientious persuasion or practice." <ref>http://www.docheritage.state.pa.us/documents/constitutiontrans.asp</ref></blockquote>

[[Benjamin Franklin]] helped write Pennsylvania's 1776 Constitution. In Frame of Government, Chapter 2, Section 10, it states: "Each member of the legislature, before he takes his seat, shall make and subscribe the following declaration: 'I do believe in one God, the Creator and Governor of the Universe, the Rewarder of the good and Punisher of the wicked, and I do acknowledge the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament to be given by Divine Inspiration.'"

===18th century===
Quakers came to the Philadelphia area, where many became successful merchants, handling the long-distance trade to London and other parts of the British Empire. Pennsylvania attracted large numbers of Germans, including Lutherans and many smaller sects. They were farmers in the southeast. Scots-Irish (mostly Presbyterians) settled the frontier regions.
Pennsylvania was the third largest colony by 1775, with 275,000 people (including a few thousand black slaves who worked mostly as house servants.
[[File:Col-pa.jpg|thumb|300px|Philadelphia]]

[[Philadelphia]] grew quickly into the largest city in colonial America and with 35,000 people in 1776 was the second largest city in the British Empire. The city's economy was based on growing agricultural wealth from prosperous inland farms which sent their surplus grains, cattle and horses for export. Entrepreneurs set up prosperous shipbuilding works on the Delaware River, and opened an iron industry. The Quaker merchants favored education and civic culture, creating a rich cultural and intellectual life that gave Philadelphia the nickname, "the Athens of America."

The [[Continental Congress]] met in Philadelphia from 1774 to 1783, with an interruption when the British occupied the city in 1777 and the government moved to Lancaster and York. The [[Declaration of Independence]] was signed there in 1776, the [[Liberty Bell]] is there, and the [[Continental Army]] spent the winter of 1777 at Valley Forge outside Philadelphia, where they suffered severe hardships for want of supplies.

===Early national period===
The [[Constitution of the United States|American Constitution]] was written in [[Philadelphia]] in 1787. Pennsylvania was the 2nd State to join [[United States of America|the Union]] on December 12, 1787 and the city was the national capital from 1790 to 1800. In 1790 the state adopted a more conservative state constitution; state capital was relocated in 1800 to Lancaster, and then to Harrisburg in 1812.

The population grew with high birth rates, and low death rates, but little immigration. Scotch Irish filled out the frontier. A strong sense of commitment to [[Jeffersonian Democracy]] and [[Jacksonian Democracy]] gave the Jeffersonian Republicans and (after 1830) the Democratsa strong position. The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 saw western farmers angrily protest the federal tax on their most portable product. President Washington personally led an army against it, and the rebels immediately gave in. A new and more democratic state constitution was adopted in 1838.
===Civil War Era===
The antislavery movement flourished after Quaker originated the anti-slavery cause and freed their own slaves.

The need for Philadelphia to maintain access to the expanding interior and the West, both as markets and as sources of materials, such as coal and iron, to be sold and manufactured, led to aggressive state programs to improve the transportation system. The Philadelphia-Lancaster Turnpike, first in the nation, was completed in 1794; the state built hundreds of miles of canals; mules pulled boats loaded with commerce and passengers. The canal system was linked by the Allegheny Portage Railroad over the Allegheny mountains in 1835. Private enterprise built railroads that opened up the anthracitge coal region, which became the premier energy source for America by 1850. Philadelphia became an industrial city, famous for textiles, iron and steel, and railroad equipment along with commerce and shipbuilding. The world's first major oil wells were drilled near Titusville in 1859 and the northwestern part of the state became the center for [[Standard Oil]] and other companies.

Pennsylvania's only president, [[James Buchanan]], proved a failure in allowing seven southern states to break away under his watch. During the war Gettysburg was the scene of the war's most decisive battle, July 1-3, 1863--and Pennsylvania furnished men and leaders, including generals George B. McClellan, Winfield S. Hancock, and George Meade and Adm. David D. Porter, for the Union army and navy. Philadelphia banker, Jay Cooke was the leading financier of the Civil War; he invented a sytstem of savings bonds that allowed ordinary people to help finance the war. Philadelphia continued as a financial leader in the nation until after 1870, when it was far overshadowed by New York.

==Politics==
Pennsylvania has been a [[blue state]] in presidential elections since 1992; the last [[Republican]] to win Pennsylvania in a presidential election was [[George Herbert Walker Bush]] in 1988. However, the Pennsylvania State Senate consists of 30 Republicans and 20 Democrats. The State House has 112 Republicans and 90 Democrats. Republicans also have a 12-7 edge in Pennsylvania's federal House delegation.

==Elected Officials==

===Federal===
*Sen. [[Robert Casey]] (D)
*Sen. [[Patrick Toomey]] (R)
*Rep. [[Robert Brady]] [D, PA-01]
*Rep. [[Chaka Fattah]] [D, PA-02]
*Rep. [[Mike Kelly]] [R, PA-03]
*Rep. [[Jason Altmire]] [D, PA-04]
*Rep. [[Glenn Thompson]] [R, PA-05]
*Rep. [[Jim Gerlach]] [R, PA-06]
*Rep. [[Pat Meehan]] [R, PA-07]
*Rep. [[Mike Fitzpatrick]] [R, PA-08]
*Rep. [[Bill Shuster]] [R, PA-09]
*Rep. [[Tom Marino]] [R, PA-10]
*Rep. [[Lou Barletta]] [R, PA-11]
*Rep. [[Mark Critz]] [D, PA-12]
*Rep. [[Allyson Schwartz]] [D, PA-13]
*Rep. [[Michael Doyle]] [D, PA-14]
*Rep. [[Charles Dent]] [R, PA-15]
*Rep. [[Joseph Pitts]] [R, PA-16]
*Rep. [[Tim Holden]] [D, PA-17]
*Rep. [[Timothy Murphy]] [R, PA-18]
*Rep. [[Todd Platts]] [R, PA-19]

===Statewide===
*Governor [[Tom Corbett]] (R)
*Lt. Governor [[Jim Cawley]] (R)

==Major cities==
*[[Allentown]]
*[[Erie]]
*[[Harrisburg]]
*[[Philadelphia]]
*[[Pittsburgh]]
*[[Scranton]]

==Miscellaneous==

Pennsylvania is known as the "Keystone State".

Pennsylvania is the birthplace and home of President [[James Buchanan]].

Pennsylvania was the only one of the 13 original colonies to be completely landlocked, in that it did not border an ocean.

==Sports==

Pennsylvania is home to the [[NBA]]'s Philadelphia 76ers, the NHL's [[Philadelphia Flyers]] and [[Pittsburgh Penguins]], Major League Baseball's [[Philadelphia Phillies]] and [[Pittsburgh Pirates]], and the [[NFL]]'s [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] and [[Philadelphia Eagles]]. Additionally, Pennsylvania State University is a traditional college football powerhouse, and Villanova University and the University of Pittsburgh have had great success in college basketball as of late.

==Name==
Pennsylvania was named by the king after William Penn's father (Penn himself did not want the name used.)<ref>
He wrote, "This day, my country was confirmed to me under the great seal of England, with privileges, by the name of Pennsylvania, a name the King would give it in honor of my father. I chose New Wales, being as this, a pretty, hilly country, but Penn being Welsh for head as in Penmanmoire, in Wales, and Penrith, in Cumberland, and Penn, in Buckinghamshire . . . called this Pennsylvania, which is the high or head woodlands; for I proposed, when the secretary, a Welshman, refused to have it called New Wales, Sylvania and they added Penn to it, and though I opposed it and went to the King to have it struck out and altered he said it was past . . nor could twenty guineas move the under-secretary to vary the name" See [http://www.britannia.com/celtic/wales/facts/facts1.html#americaname source]</ref> The name means "Penn's woods".
==Further reading==
* Miller, Randall M. and William A. Pencak, eds. ''Pennsylvania: A History of the Commonwealth'' (2002), detailed scholarly history
* Beers, Paul B. ''Pennsylvania Politics Today and Yesterday'' (1980), government textbook
* Klein, Philip S and Ari Hoogenboom. ''A History of Pennsylvania'' (1973), solid college textbook
* Weigley, Russell. ''Philadelphia: A 300-Year History'' (1982)
* WPA Federal Writers' Project. ''Pennsylvania: A Guide to the Keystone State,'' 1940.
== References ==
<References/>

{{USstates}}
[[Category:States of the United States]]

Ideal Gas Law

2011-07-21T23:59:56Z

IanR:

The '''ideal gas law''', is an [[equation of state]] for an ideal gas. It combines three [[gas]] laws ([[Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures|Dalton's Law]], [[Boyle's Law]] and [[Charles' Law]]) into one equation:

:PV = nRT

where

*P is the [[pressure]] of gas;
*V the [[volume]] the gas occupies;
*T the absolute [[temperature]] (meaning it must be in [[Kelvin]] or [[Rankine]]);
*n is the number of moles of the gas occupying the volume V;
*R is the [[gas constant]].

The gas constant can be expressed in any number of units, but the most common representations are 0.0821 <math>L \cdot atm \cdot mole^{-1} \cdot K^{-1}</math> or 8.314 <math>J \cdot mole^{-1} \cdot K^{-1}</math>

==Ideal Gas==
The equation is valid only for an ideal gas, the hypothetically perfect embodiment of a gas in which the particles ([[atom]]s or [[molecule]]s) in the gas are spherical, identical, have no [[volume]], and experience no intermolecular forces between them. All collisions between the particles or the particles and the container are perfectly [[elastic collision|elastic]].

Since this is just a model, real gases only obey the ideal gas law approximately, not perfectly. Generally, the ideal gas assumption is accurate for unreactive gases at high temperature and/or low pressure. A good rule of thumb is that the assumption can be used above room temperature and below 1 [[atmosphere]] of pressure.

==density==
With the molar mass (M), the ideal gas law can be used to calculate the [[density]] of a gas, d.

PM=dRT

[[category:physics]]
[[category:Chemistry Laws and Principles]]

Sucrose

2011-07-14T00:51:07Z

IanR: Redirected page to Table sugar

#REDIRECT [[table sugar]]

Carbohydrate

2011-06-08T23:53:18Z

IanR:

'''Carbohydrates''' (compounds of [[sugar]] unit chains) are essential structural components of living [[cell]]s which are responsible for storing [[energy]]. They are made up of [[carbon]], [[hydrogen]] and [[oxygen]].

Examples of simple carbohydrates are table sugar ([[sucrose]]), fruit sugar ([[fructose]]) and milk sugar ([[lactose]]).

[[category:biochemistry]]
[[Category:Nutrition]]

Life Is Beautiful

2011-06-08T23:48:19Z

IanR:

'''Life Is Beautiful''' is a [[comedy]] about the [[Holocaust]], presented as an elaborate game (or [[reality show]]) by a father trying to shield his son from [[Nazi]] horrors. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1998, but lost out to '''Shakespeare in Love'''.

[[category:Movies About Genocide]]