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	<updated>2026-10-26T12:24:56Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jarvis_Green&amp;diff=434052</id>
		<title>Jarvis Green</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jarvis_Green&amp;diff=434052"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:45:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: Added a few more links to biographies :) Help out by adding more external resources and links to Conservapedia!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:PatsJGreen.jpg‎ |thumb|210px|Patriots defensive end (#97)Jarvis Green]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Jarvis Green''' is a [[National Football League]] defensive end for the [[New England Patriots]]. He was born on January 12, 1979 in [[Thibodaux]], [[Louisiana]] and is &amp;quot;6-3&amp;quot; and weighs 285 pounds. In 2006 he [http://www.patriots.com/news/index.cfm?ac=communitydetail&amp;amp;pid=20807&amp;amp;pcid=45 received] the 2006 New England Patriots Ron Burton Community Service Award for charitable work. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== College Football Career ==&lt;br /&gt;
Stared at defense end with the [[Louisiana State University]] (LSU) Tigers. Over his four years at LSU he started 39 of the 41 games that he played in. He ended his career with the Tigers as on of the best defensive players in LSU history as he recorded a total of 20 sacks and 184 tackles.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== NFL Career  ==&lt;br /&gt;
Jarvis Green was drafted in the forth round of the [[2002 NFL Draft]] by the [[New England Patriots]]. In his rookie season he started 5 games and played in 14. He recorded his first NFL sack in week one of the 2002 season on [[Monday Night Football]] when he sacked [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] quarterback [[Kordell Stewart]]. The hit caused Stewart to fumble the football and it was recovered by the Patriots... He finished his rookie season with 21 tackles and 2.5 sacks. In 2003 and 2004, Green played in every one of the Patriots regular and postseason games with the Patriots (including 13 starts). His best game during those years came in the [[2003 AFC Championship]] game vs the [[Indianapolis Colts]] when he sacked Colts quarterback [[Peyton Manning]] 3 times in a Patriots victory... The 2005 season saw Green set a personal career high for tackles in a season (36) as he became a effective run stopper on the New England defensive line. He missed the last game of the season vs the [[Miami Dolphins]] breaking a playing streak of 61 straight games... In 2006 he played in all 16 of the Patriots regular season games and had his best overall season up to this point in his career. In week four of the 2006 season vs the [[Cincinnati Bengals]] he had 3 sacks, a career high for him in a regular season game. The last time a Patriot player had recorded 3 sacks in a game was in 2003 when [[Mike Vrabel]] had 3 sacks vs the [[Cleveland Browns]]... He ended the 2006 season with 33 tackles and 7.5 sacks.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Currently Jarvis is regarded by many NFL pundits to be one of the best pure rushing the quarterback defensive players in the NFL. The Patriots recently extended his contract with the team and he is expected to continue his role as a pass rusher and backup defense end.                 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU NFL Stats]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Website]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Jarvis Green News]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Green Quotes] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Source Material''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Patriots Bio]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU NFL Players Bio]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU CBS Sports Bio]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU SI Sports Bio]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.nfl.com/draft/2002/profiles/green_jarvis.htm NFL.com Draft Profile]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.patriots.com/news/index.cfm?ac=communitydetail&amp;amp;pid=20807&amp;amp;pcid=45 Patriots.com - Wins 4th Ron Burton Community Service Award]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Boston Globe article]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Green, Jarvis}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:New England Patriot Players]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Zilog_Z80&amp;diff=434050</id>
		<title>Zilog Z80</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Zilog_Z80&amp;diff=434050"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:43:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: added links to CPU World, and to its Official Website. Join the Cause to add external links/resources to conservapedia!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The '''Zilog Z80''' was an 8-bit microprocessor [[CPU]] first released in 1976 by Zilog and popularized by its use in the [[TRS-80 personal computer]] and other computers of the late 1970s and early 1980s.  It was succeeded by the 16-bit [[Zilog Z8000]] processor.  The Z80 had the [[Intel 8080]] instruction set as a subset of its own instruction set.  The main differences between the Z80 and 8080 were that the Z80 added: instructions to make the instruction set more orthogonal, an alternate set of the working registers to double the number available, bit and block operations, new interrupt modes, and index registers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The chip supported hardware interrupts, 256 I/O ports, 64 Kb of memory, BCD and integer add/subtract, call/return, branching, logic operations, and shift/rotate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Architecture==&lt;br /&gt;
Data size = 8 bits&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Address size = 16 bits&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8-bit Registers: A, B, C, D, E, H, L, A', B', C', D', E', H', L', I&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
16-bit Registers: PC, SP, IX, IY, R&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Twelve of the 8-bit registers could be used as 3 16-bit registers: BC, DE, HL, BC', DE', HL'.  The HL and HL' pairs were used for memory-indirect access.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Instruction set: ADD, ADC, AND, BIT, CALL, CCF, CP, CPD, CPDR, CPI, CPIR, CPL, DAA, DEC, DI, DJNZ, EI, EX, EXX, HALT, IM, IN, INC, IND, INDR, INI, INIR, JP, JR, LD, LDD, LDDR, LDI, LDIR, NEG, NOP, OR, OTDR, OTIR, OUT, OUTD, OUTI, POP, PUSH, RES, RET, RETI, RETN, RL, RLA, RLCA, RLC, RLD, RR, RRA, RRC, RRCA, RRD, RST, SBC, SCF, SET, SLA, SRA, SRL, SUB, XOR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
*Programming the Z80, Rodnay Zaks, Sybex, ISBN 0-89588-069-5&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU CPU World]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU &amp;quot;Official&amp;quot; Support Page]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Information technology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Computer Science]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Adverse_events&amp;diff=434048</id>
		<title>Adverse events</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Adverse_events&amp;diff=434048"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:42:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: Added link for more information :) Join the cause to add more links/external resources to conservapedia!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Adverse events''' are undesirable experiences occurring after [[immunization]] that may or may not be related to the [[vaccine]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Medicine]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Yttrium&amp;diff=434044</id>
		<title>Yttrium</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Yttrium&amp;diff=434044"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:40:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: added info. about los alamos&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Element &lt;br /&gt;
| name=Yttrium&lt;br /&gt;
| symbol=Y&lt;br /&gt;
| anumber=39 &lt;br /&gt;
| amass=88.905&lt;br /&gt;
| state=[[Solid]]&lt;br /&gt;
| class=[[Metal]]&lt;br /&gt;
| cstructure=&lt;br /&gt;
| color=Silver&lt;br /&gt;
| date=1794&lt;br /&gt;
| discname=Gadolin&lt;br /&gt;
| origname=Ytterby Quary&lt;br /&gt;
| uses=Color [[television]] tubes&lt;br /&gt;
| obtained=Monazite sand&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
'''Yttrium''' is a stable silvery-colored metal. It occurs in nearly all rare-earth metals, and was found in high relatively [[concentration]]s in [[moon|lunar]] rock samples. Its largest use is to give the red color in television tubes, and it is often used as an additive in other metal [[alloy]]s.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Yttrium], [[Los Alamos]] National Labs.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Elements]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jon_Kyl&amp;diff=434042</id>
		<title>Jon Kyl</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jon_Kyl&amp;diff=434042"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:38:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: I added the link to his official website; Trying to get more sources/external info. on Conservapedia!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Kyl.jpg|thumb|right|Jon Kyl (center), wearing US Marine Corps fatigues]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Jon Kyl''' (born April 25, 1942) is the Junior Senator from [[Arizona]]. He is a [[Republican]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==United States Senate== &lt;br /&gt;
Kyl co-sponsored legislation that would give illegal immigrants up to five years to leave the country. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,190550,00.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In February 2006, Kyl joined Senator Lindsey Graham in filing an amicus brief in the Hamdan v. Rumsfeld case, which appears to have been an attempt to mislead the Supreme Court by presenting an “extensive colloquy” added to the Congressional record but not included in the Dec 21st debate as evidence that &amp;quot;Congress was aware&amp;quot; that the Detainee Treatment Act would strip the Supreme Court of jurisdiction to hear &amp;quot;pending cases, including this case&amp;quot; brought by the Guantanamo detainees. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.slate.com/id/2138750&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kyl appeared in the U.S. national news near the end of his 2006 campaign as an example of a case where some bloggers were attempting to influence search engine results for searches on Kyl's name. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://news.com.com/2102-1028_3-6129719.html?tag=st.util.print&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
-[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Official Senate Website]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;References/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT: Kyl, Jon}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:United States Senators]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Republican Party]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: 110th United States Congress]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Discovery_Institute&amp;diff=434040</id>
		<title>Discovery Institute</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Discovery_Institute&amp;diff=434040"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:37:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: Added link to their official website&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The '''Discovery Institute''' is a [[Seattle]]-based conservative think tank. While the institute has multiple areas of focus, including economics, bioethics, and foreign policy, it is most well known for its role as one of the major proponents of [[intelligent design]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Official Website]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Political Organizations]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Polycythemia_Vera&amp;diff=434039</id>
		<title>Polycythemia Vera</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Polycythemia_Vera&amp;diff=434039"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:37:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: Added Ulcer information&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Polycythemia Vera''' (POL-e-si-THE-me-ah VE-ra), or PV, is a rare blood disease in which the body manufactures too many red [[blood]] cells. These extra red blood cells make the blood thicker than normal. The thickened blood flows more slowly through the small blood vessels and can form clots, which can cause heart attack and stroke.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow—the soft tissue inside bones. In addition to red blood cells, blood contains two other types of cells: white blood cells to help fight infection and platelets to help the blood clot. In individuals with PV, the bone marrow bone marrow produces too many red blood cells, but it also can make too many white blood cells and platelets.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Red blood cells also are called RBCs or [[erythrocytes]] (eh-RITH-ro-sites). Normal red blood cells look like doughnuts without holes in the center and have an average lifespan of 120 days. Red blood cells contain [[hemoglobin]] (HEE-muh-glow-bin), an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color and carries oxygen to the body. Red blood cells also remove carbon dioxide, a waste product, from cells and carry it to the lungs to be exhaled.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PV is a rare, chronic disease that can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated. The cause of PV is not known. It develops slowly and may not produce symptoms for many years. Sometimes, symptoms can be vague and nonspecific. Many people find out they have PV from blood tests done for other reasons. It is more common in adult males 60 years or older. It is very rare in people younger than 20 years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With PV, thickening of the blood slows down the flow of blood to all parts of the body. Clots form more easily, potentially blocking blood flow through arteries or veins. The slower flow of blood means that organs do not receive enough oxygen. The shortage of oxygen can lead to angina, congestive heart failure, and gout. Slower blood flow also deprives the arms, legs, lungs, and eyes of the oxygen they need to perform normally. This can cause headaches, dizziness, itching, and problems with vision, such as blurred or double vision.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PV may also cause stomach ulcers and kidney stones.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A small number of people with PV may develop myelofibrosis (MY-e-lo-fi-BRO-sis), a condition in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous (scar) tissue. The abnormal bone marrow cells may begin to grow out of control. This abnormal growth can lead to acute myelogenous (my-e-LOJ-e-nus) leukemia (AML), a disease that worsens very quickly. In AML, too many immature white blood cells are found in the blood and bone marrow.&lt;br /&gt;
Outlook&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PV is a serious illness that can lead to death if it is not treated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PV can be controlled with treatment, but no cure exists. Some people with PV need only minimal care. Others will need more intensive treatment. Treatment can control PV and lessen the risk of blood clots, heart attack, and stroke that can result from the disease.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU NIH Glossary]&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:medicine]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Select_or_Special_Committee&amp;diff=434036</id>
		<title>Select or Special Committee</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Select_or_Special_Committee&amp;diff=434036"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:35:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: added US Senate Reference&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A '''select''' or '''special committee''' is a committee established by the [[United States Senate]] for a limited time period to perform a particular study or investigation. These committees might be given or denied authority to report legislation to the Senate.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU] US Senate Reference&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:United States Senate Terms]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Black_Sox_Scandal&amp;diff=434035</id>
		<title>Black Sox Scandal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Black_Sox_Scandal&amp;diff=434035"/>
		<updated>2008-04-18T01:35:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ILoveGod66: Added 1919 Black Sox Reference&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Whitesoxteam1919.jpg|thumb|350px|right|The Chicago White Sox, September 26, 1919.]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Black Sox Scandal''' was an event centered around the 1919 [[World Series]] between the Chicago White Sox of the American League and the Cincinnati Reds of the National League, in which eight baseball players of the Chicago team conspired with gamblers to intentionally &amp;quot;throw&amp;quot; (or lose) the Series.  The fallout from the scandal caused the owners of individual teams to create a powerful commissioner of baseball in Judge [[Kenesaw Mountain Landis]], who's first step at reforming baseball was to ban the players involved in the fix for life.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Prelude==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:CharlesComiskey.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Charles Comiskey, owner of the White Sox.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charles Comiskey]] was a former big league player for various teams in baseball until he became the owner of the White Sox in the American League from 1900 to 1931.  As the owner, he led the White Sox to five A.L. championships, and the World Series of 1919 promised to be the best year in baseball, as he boasted about having the best team on any field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But Comiskey was a miser, and notorious for it.  His players were among the lowest-paid in the league, and being subject to the &amp;quot;reserve clause&amp;quot; they could do nothing about it.  He even forced his players to do their own laundry, as he wouldn't hire extra help to deal with the player's uniforms.  The players responded for several weeks in 1919 by wearing their filthy uniforms on the field; the eventual buildup of the dirt, sweat, and grime turned their once-white uniforms to a dark shade of gray in places, resulting in the nickname of &amp;quot;Black Sox&amp;quot; being bestowed on them before the scandal took place (Comiskey had the uniforms removed from the lockers and the players fined for the infraction [http://www.chicagohs.org/history/blacksox/blk1a.html]).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interest in baseball was low as a result of American involvement in World War I, but climbed considerably at war's end, so much so that baseball owners decided upon a best-of-nine format instead of the traditional seven games for the 1919 World Series.  Interest in the betting on baseball also climbed as well; gamblers had for years hung around the parks betting on individual games while the occasional rumor circulated that a player was supplementing his income by throwing games.  Comiskey, aware of the rumors, posted signs at his park banning gambling, but had failed to see the other signs pointing to the resentment against him and the tempting offers of high rewards from gamblers. [http://www.chicagohs.org/history/blacksox/blk2.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Fix==&lt;br /&gt;
The majority of accounts and sources indicate that the fix was started by first baseman Chick Gandil wanting to get even with Comiskey; he allegedly talked to pitcher Ed Cicotte about throwing the World Series.  They in turn had approached former ball player William T. &amp;quot;Sleepy Bill&amp;quot; Burns, who had connections to gamblers, and Billy Maharg, who had connections to gamblers at the underground level.  Eventually the cost to throw the game would be $100,000 split between the players, with [[Arnold Rothstein]], a man who had connections to organized crime, to provide the funding. [http://www.mc.cc.md.us/Departments/hpolscrv/blacksox.htm]  According to author Eliot Asinof, Cicotte also had personal reasons for the fix: he was promised a $10,000 bonus in his contract for getting 30 regular season wins, but was benched by Comiskey soon after his 29th, allegedly to avoid paying it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====The eight players====&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Blacksoxeight.JPG|thumb|250px|right|''Top row, left to right'': Eddie Cicotte; Chick Gandil; Lefty Williams; Happy Felsch. ''Bottom row, left to right'': Swede Risberg; Buck Weaver; Shoeless Joe Jackson; Fred McMullin.]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Eddie Cicotte, pitcher.&lt;br /&gt;
* Arnold &amp;quot;Chick&amp;quot; Gandil, first baseman.&lt;br /&gt;
* Claude &amp;quot;Lefty&amp;quot; Williams, pitcher.&lt;br /&gt;
* Oscar &amp;quot;Happy&amp;quot; Felsch, centerfielder.&lt;br /&gt;
* Charles &amp;quot;Swede&amp;quot; Risberg, shortstop.&lt;br /&gt;
* George &amp;quot;Buck&amp;quot; Weaver, third baseman.&lt;br /&gt;
* Joseph Jefferson &amp;quot;Shoeless Joe&amp;quot; Jackson, leftfielder.&lt;br /&gt;
* Fred McMullin, utilityman.&lt;br /&gt;
Of the players, McMillan overheard conversations regarding the fix and wanted in, making a threat to inform Comiskey if he wasn't.  Weaver sat in on details of the fix but did not participate in it at all.  Cicotte asked for, and received, $10,000 up front, finding it in his hotel room the night of Game 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Joseph Jefferson Jackson was considered by many to have been the greatest ball player of his time, with a third-highest batting average of .356; his .400 average in his first year of professional baseball was the highest for a rookie.  His special bat was hand-made from a plank of hickory nearly four feet long, and stained black from various coatings of tobacco juice.  [[Babe Ruth]] was said to have modeled his own power hitting on Jackson who, he said, &amp;quot;had a special crack to it.&amp;quot;  Shoeless Joe was discovered in the minor leagues playing one game in his socks because his new cleats were too tight; a fan shouting an offensive epithet would give him his nickname.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The World Series==&lt;br /&gt;
The 1919 World Series began October 1, 1919, in Cincinanati's Redland Field, and the pre-arranged signal to the gamblers that the fix was on was when Cicotte hit Reds batter Morrie Rath in the back with a fast ball at the bottom of the first inning.  From that point on, play was sporadic with the Chicago players, as the players involved would play well one moment, and play badly the next.  This would frustrate the honest players not involved with the fix; during Game 9 a fly ball successfully fielded by Jackson was thrown to home, but Cicotte on the mound intercepted it, allowing it to deflect from his glove, resulting in a Reds score and an error for Cicotte.  Rumors also were rampant regarding bets placed.  Before the Series had opened, Chicago was heavily-favored, but by the end of September, large amounts of money were changing hands as bets were cast in Cincinnati's favor by five-to-one odds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By the beginning of Game 2, only Cicotte had got his money.  The other players began to grumble about not being paid, and more so by the end of Game 3.  Gandil received a mere $1,000 and distributed it among the players; Jackson would eventually be given $5,000.  Halfway through the Series, the players, having realized they were being hoodwinked by the gamblers, played like they were going to win, but the damage had been done.  Cincinnati won the Series by October 9, 5 games to 3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Trial==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Blacksoxtrial.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The players in court are all smiles after their acquittal on August 3, 1921. Seated starting second from left are: Joe Jackson, Buck Weaver, Eddie Cicotte, Swede Risberg, Lefty Williams, Chick Gandil.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Landis.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Kenesaw Mountain Landis]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In September 1920, has rumors piled up regarding the fixing of baseball games in general, and the 1919 World Series in particular, a grand jury was convened in Chicago to investigate.  Both Jackson and Cicotte would confess, causing Comiskey to suspend the seven players of the fix still on his team (Gandil was already out of the majors).  Their confessions, a key part of the trial, vanished from the Cook County Courthouse before the trial opened in June, 1921.  Without the confessions, as well as a lack of evidence, all eight were acquitted on August 3.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Before the trial was even underway, baseball team owners got together to create a baseball commisioner, who would oversea baseball's integrity and restore public confidence in the sport.  As new commisioner they chose a retired judge, Kenesaw Mountain Landis [http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/hofers_and_honorees/hofer_bios/landis_kenesaw.htm], a no-nonsense jurist who once sent an old man to 16 years in prison for robbery. &amp;quot;Judge, I ain't got that much time left,&amp;quot; the man protested.  &amp;quot;Well, do the best you can,&amp;quot; Landis replied.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On August 4, 1921, the day after the verdict in the Black Sox trial, and using the unlimited power granted to him by the owners, Landis set about correcting baseball's image, and the first act he did was public, decisive, and uncompromising:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''Regardless of the verdict of juries, no player who throws a ball game, no player who undertakes or promises to throw a ball game, no player who sits in confidence with a bunch of crooked gamblers and does not promptly tell his club about it, will ever play professional baseball.''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All eight players were banned for life.  Subsequent letters protesting innocence and asking for reinstatement went unheeded, even Buck Weaver, whose guilt in the matter was very much in doubt, sent letters to the next six commissioners; each time he was turned down.  &amp;quot;I had Weaver in my office,&amp;quot; Landis said, &amp;quot;and I asked him if he sat in on the meetings.&amp;quot;  Weaver replied that he did, but that he never took part in the fix, stating that he played the best baseball he could.  Analysis of baseball records indicate that he indeed did do just that. [http://www.blackbetsy.com/1919ws.htm]  But Landis would not compromise.  &amp;quot;Son, you can't play ball with us anymore.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seven of the eight players would find life in the minors, either in outlaw baseball or under assumed names, and taking ordinary, unassuming jobs after they were physically unable to play the game.  Being banned from baseball meant that one of them, Jackson, whose guilt was also in doubt, would not be eligible for the Hall of Fame, as many of his records still stand.&lt;br /&gt;
Like Weaver, baseball historians still dispute as to whether Jackson was or was not part of the actual fix. In the Series he was 12-for-32 with a .375 batting average, with 5 runs, 3 doubles, 1 home run and 6 RBI.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Charles Comiskey died in 1931.  Four years after the trial was over, the missing confessions turned up in the office of Comiskey's lawyer; no one knows how they got there.  Comiskey has had two baseball parks built for his team named after him, and he also has a plaque of honor in the Baseball Hall of Fame. [http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/hofers_and_honorees/hofer_bios/Comiskey_Charlie.htm]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
*Asinof, Eliot. ''Eight Men Out'', Henry Holt, New York (1963). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Chicago Historical Association on the Black Sox]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Famous American Trials article on the Black Sox, from the University of Missouri-Kansas City]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU 1919 Black Sox.com]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBGIQ7ZuuiU Selection of photos from 1919 Chicago White Sox and Joe Jackson]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Baseball]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Crime]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>ILoveGod66</name></author>
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