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2009-10-21T05:19:59Z

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'''Comedy Central''' is the conduit of the voice of thy LORD [[Stephen Colbert]].

Pope

2009-10-21T05:19:01Z

GregHorton:

'''The Pope''' (from Greek papas, father) is the head of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] who answers directly to [[Stephen Colbert]]. His Catholic titles include being the Bishop of Rome, where he is the successor of [[Saint Peter|St. Peter]]. The Pope is the chief pastor of the whole Church, the Vicar of Christ upon earth.<ref> Until 1870 he also was the secular ruler of an independent country in central Italy, the Papal States. Since 1929 the Pope rules Vatican City, an independent country inside the city of Rome.</ref> ''Pontifex summus'' is a title of dignity. He appoints all the cardinals and bishops, but otherwise has limited control over them. Catholics consider him infallible in certain proclamations, and cite the Bible:
:''Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jona: because flesh and blood hath not revealed it to thee, but my Father who is in heaven. And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock (Cepha) I will build my Church.'' Matthew 16:17-19. ''Be the shepherd of my sheep.'' John 21:16.

The Pope ecclesiastical jury is called the [[Holy See]]. Since 1059 The Pope has always been chosen by the Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church meeting in secret. When they have not reached a decision they burn the ballots and black smoke emerges; when a pope is chosen the smoke is white.

[[Image:XVI.jpg|right|His Holiness Benedict XVI|thumb]]

== Insignia ==
* '''Tiara'''
The pope is distinguished by the use of the tiara or triple crown. At what date the custom of crowning the pope was introduced is unknown. It was certainly previous to the forged donation of Constantine, which dates from the commencement of the ninth century, for mention is there made of the pope's coronation. The triple crown is of much later origin. (it remains only a symbol)

No pope has worn an actual triple tiara since [[Pope Paul VI]] at the end of the [[Second Vatican Council]] in 1965.

*'''Cross'''
The pope moreover does not, like ordinary bishops, use the bent pastoral staff, but only the erect cross. This custom was introduced before the reign of [[Pope Innocent III]] (1198-1216) (cap. un. X de sacra unctione, I, 15).

* '''Pallium'''

He further uses the [[pallium]] at all ecclesiastical functions, and not under the same restrictions as do the [[archbishop]]s on whom he has conferred it.
<ref> [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12260a.htm The Pope] Catholic Encyclopedia </ref>

* '''Fisherman's Ring'''
It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.

== Benedict XVI ==
[[Image:BENEDETTO XVI.jpg|right]]
Today the Pope is [[Pope Benedict XVI]]. On May 11, 2007 he [[canonized]] [[Brazil]]'s first native-born [[saint]]. During the ceremonies he said that today's world "needs transparent lives, clear souls, pure minds"; Christians, must resist the temptation to think of their lives as "mere objects of pleasure."

''Gerald Fogarty, a [[Jesuit]] priest and professor at the University of Virginia, said that some Catholics were disappointed with Ratzinger's selection because he symbolized the conservative side of the church's ideological split, especially in the United States''.<ref> [http://www.cfr.org/publication/10595/ Benedict XVI: Conservative]</ref>

== Controversy ==

The Pope is claimed to be infallible in matters of doctrine (see [[Dictatus Papae]]). The concept of [[Papal Infallibility]] (1870) is used to proclaim articles of faith, which are essential to adhere to be considered a Catholic. These articles are therefore considered to be a Dogmatic definition. Such pronouncements are rare, and the concept does not mean that Catholics are to believe everything that the Pope says is correct. The last issue was asserting the [[Assumption of Mary]].

[[The First Vatican Council]], of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution). [[The Second Vatican Council]] of 1965 '''modified''' many of the dictates of 1870.

Critics of the papacy claim that past Popes who claimed successorship to St. Peter, such as [[Pope Callixtus III]] and [[Pope Alexander VI]] from the Borgia family, were so corrupt as to be unfit to wield power. An just and loving [[God]], they claim, would not have given those people the powers claimed for them by the Catholic Church. Opponents of these critics reply that even the worst Popes failed to wreck the traditions of the Church.

==History==
The '''history of the papacy''' is a major factor in European history, especially the Middle Ages.

The Pope has been the head of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] for over 1600 years. The Eastern orthodox churches reject his claims to primacy. Even more vigorously the Protestant Reformation reject the Papacy and theology of the Roman Catholic Church. As a secular leaders the Popes controlled Rome and the Papal States in central Italy until 1870, and especially in the 16th century were notable patrons of the arts, turning St. Peter's Church in Rome into an architectural wonder, especially notable for the artwork in its Sistine Chapel.<ref> Famous patrons of the arts include Sixtus IV (1471-1484), [[Julius II]] (1503-1513), and Clement VII (1523-1534)</ref>

Since 1929 the Pope controls only the small Vatican city-state (located inside Rome), but has diplomatic relations with most nations. The Pope's power comes from his appointment of all the bishops in the Catholic Church, and from his ability (since 1870) to proclaim a theological doctrine infallibly. The history of the Popes is interwoven with the history of the Catholic Church and the history of Europe. In terms of personalities and morality, the 262 Popes were saints and sinners who ranged very widely indeed.<ref>They were all men. The story of Joan who disguised herself as a man and became Pope sometime between 850 and 1050 was exposed as a false myth in 1650, but still circulates. Kelly (1998) 331-32. </ref>In recent centuries most have been holy men and in recent decades they have been linguists able to speak to Catholics in many languages. In recent centuries most Popes have been scions of Italian nobility; notable exceptions are Pope John Paul II (1978-2005) the first Polish Pope, and Benedict XVI (2005- ) the first German since 1523.

===Traditions===
Catholic tradition argues that Christ told Peter to found a church, and that he built one in Rome, that all Popes descend from him, and the bishop of Rome has divine authority to rule over the Church. Protestants say the Biblical texts are too short and obscure to bear the weight of an elaborate infrastructure that was erected many centuries after Christ, and that the Papacy interferes with the direct relationship between Christ and the sinner. Indeed, the history of the [[Reformation]] is the history of the rejection of the Papacy, while the history of the [[Counter-Reformation]] is the history of its reform and partial restoration to power using moral authority, diplomacy, and orders such as the [[Jesuits]].

====Biblical texts====
Catholics emphasize that Jesus told [[Simon Peter]]:
:thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And I will give to thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven. And whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth it shall be bound also in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, it shall be loosed also in heaven.<ref>Gospel of Matthew: Chapter 16, Verse 18; see also 1 Corinthians 3:11, Ephesians 2:20, [[1 Peter]] 2:5–6, and Revelations 21:14.</ref>

Peter (and Paul) did found a church in Rome in 42 A.D. and served as the bishop for 25 years until 67 A.D. when he was martyred. However, as Duffy points out, "wherever we turn, the solid outlines of the Petrine succession at Rome seem to blur and dissolve."<ref> Duffy, p. 2</ref> That is, the primacy of the bishop of Rome in the Western Roman Empire was not established for several centuries, and even then was rejected by eastern bishops who formed the Eastern Orthodox Church under the leadership of the Patriarch of Constantinople.

===Early history to 350===

===Early Middle Ages: 350-1000===

===Late Middle Ages: 1000-1500===
The 14th century was the scene of dramatic humiliations that reduced the secular power and religious prestige of the of the papacy. The French king made his man Pope and moved the papal court to Avignon in France, 1309-1377. During the "Babylonian Captivity" of the papacy, seven French popes were seen as mere tools of France. Avignon was not a holy city, like Rome, and the men there were scarcely concerned with holiness; the papal entourage demanded bribes and fees to deal with terns of thousands of petitions that flooded in. As the paperwork and expenses multiplied and the prestige of the Papacy slipped.<ref> Ullmann (2002) p. 287</ref> The return to Rome in 1378 was followed by an even greater catastrophe. A split between French and Italian factions in the Curia resulted in the "Great Schism" of 1378-1417, during which Rome and Avignon each had their own series of popes, who claimed legitimacy and authority over the church. After enormous confusion the decision was made to appeal to a church council. The Council of Constance healed the schism in 1415.

The Council issued the decree ''Sacrosancta,'' (April 1415) asserting that in matters touching the faith and the unification and reform of the Church, a general council stood above all other authority, including papal. Another decree ''Frequens,'' (October 1417) tried to set controls on the pope and cardinals and proposed that a new council meet within five years and be convened regularly every ten years thereafter. The Church was on the verge of a constritutional revolution that would have shifted power from the pope to the bishops. However the papal forces fought back and by defeating the Council of Basel (1431-1449) regained control.

It took years to rebuild the neglected infrastructure of the city of Rome. The papacy never regained the secular power it had lost, and the loosened religious authority allowed an opening for radical reformers such as [[John Wycliffe]] and the Hussites.

===Reformation and Counter-Reformation: 1500-1700===
Frommel (1986) shows the popes did not provide a coordinated policy for Roman urban development. Rather, they had their own building agendas, driven by an egocentric spontaneity to outdo predecessors and eternalize family glory. Their agendas did reflect papal prominence in the city and created an imperial aura.

===1700-1815===
The Pope confronted [[Gallicanism]] in France, which reduced the Pope's power over the bishops. The Gallican argument was that the pope was supreme in spiritual matters, but that temporal affairs were the province of the government. The main issue was the selection of bishops, who had powerful temporal roles in terms of ownership of lands and churches. "Royal Gallicanism" emphasized the powers of the king. "Ecclesiatical Gallicanism" emphasized the powers of the bishops vis-a-vis the pope.
====French Revolution====
Much worse was the [[French Revolution]] in the 1790s, which disestablished the Church, forced many priests and bishops into exile, and seized vast landholdings.

====Napoleon====
Religion had been a major issue during the [[French Revolution]], and Napoleon resolved most of the outstanding problems. Thereby he moved the clergy and large numbers of devout Catholics from hostility to the government to support for him. The Catholic system was reestablished by the [[Concordat of 1801]] (signed with Pope [[Pius VII]]), so that church life returned to normal; the church lands were not restored, but the Jesuits were allowed back in and the bitter fights between the government and Church ended. Protestants and atheists were tolerated.<ref> Donald Sutherland. ''The French Revolution and Empire: The Quest for a Civic Order'' (2003) ch 11</ref>

===1815 to 1914===
=====Pius VII====
Pius VII (1800-23) was stripped of powers by [[Napoleon]] but made a striking comeback after Napoleon's fall in 1815. Pius VII was a deeply religious Benedictine, and a theologian; he lived simply and avoided nepotism. His unusually able Secretary of State Cardinal Consalvi won the restoration to the Pope of most of the territories in Italy which Napoleon had seized. He reinvigorated numerous monastic orders and helped create new societies for men and women, especially those engaged in teaching and missionary work.
Most important was the restoration of the Jesuits in 1814; they had been suppressed in most countries. They grew larger and even more influential in the 19th century.
====Conservatism====
After 1800 the Papacy became the center of conservatism in Europe in reaction against the liberalism of the French Revolution and its admirers. The Papacy recognized that throughout Europe millions of peasants and poor folk were devoted to the saints and traditions of the Church; the Popes responded energetically by promoting new Marian devotions (such as the rosary). Rome had fallen into disrepair and Pius VII began the restoration of the city's artistic glories, an enterprise that continues into the 21st century. <ref> Kelly (1999); Duffy (2006); Latourette (1958) vol 1. </ref>
====Ultramontane vs Gallican====
The "ultramontane" tendency in the Church centralized more power and authority in the Papacy. It was opposed by the "Gallican" tendency, especially in France, to give national churches more control over their affairs. The ultramontine forces generally won out, especially with the declaration of papal infallability at the First Vatican Council in 1870. The ultramontane forces cited the old doctrines of [[Robert Bellarmine]] (1542-1621) and [[Francisco de Suárez]] (1548-1617) to bolster the papal claim to absolute power in spiritual matters.

Gallicanism in France was damaged by the rise of ultramontanism in the 1850s and the devotional revolution that shifted piety to devotions sponsored by Rome. Gallicanism was officially suppressed by the First Vatican Council in 1870, which established the paramount authority of the pope as a matter of dogma. However informal manifestations of Gallicanism continue in some countries, especially China. In Canada, the Irish clergy fought for ultramontanism against the French clergy, who were Gallican. The [[Catholicism in Ireland|Irish]] won out with the support of the Vatican.

After Vatican II, 1962-65, the multiple and often confused controversy over papal authority and infallibility ended quietly.

====Facing Modernity====
Despite dire predictions, the Church adapted to modernity in its own way and increased its role in people's lives in the 19th century. The Church escaped irrelevance by using the same means as did emerging nation-states; establishing more administrative and doctrinal centralization in Rome; establishing a homogeneous culture, aided especially by universal use of Latin; promoting new rites and folk devotions, especially those focused on Mary and other favored saints; promoting pilgrimages to holy sites; encouraging clergy to endorse and lead regional nationalist movements that focused on historic languages and cultures; creating many new teaching orders and establishing Catholic schools and colleges; supporting intellectuals and publishing houses; enhancing papal power; and cultivating an image of both theologiocal canonical and moral superiority. Of special importance was the missionary activity, based especially in Germany, that was in competition with Protestant missions in China, India, Africa and other non-Christain lands. The Jesuits proved highly adept at promoting the Papal cause. The Pope thereby became less symbolic and more powerful. There was internal dissent among some Catholic intellectuals, such as historian [[Lord Acton]] in Britain and theologian Ignaz von Döllinger in Germany, who opposed the declaration of the dogma of papal infallibility.

====Facing Liberalism====
Burns (1990) takes a sociological perspective on the Papacy's long battle with liberalism. He shows how the papacy, in reaction to the rise of the liberal states of the 19th and 20th centuries, gradually reformulated Catholic ideology within the limited autonomy they possessed and carefully subordinated social and political issues to more purely religious and moral issues as they constructed an ideological opposition to liberalism.

In Germany in the 1840s the ultramontane movement used mass meetings and pilgrimages to combat the growth of liberalism and modernism. However the abnti-clerical liberal press attacked these mass meetings, and in response a large number of Catholic newspapers emerged in Germany starting in the 1840s. To ensure their own survival, these newspapers championed the liberal idea of press freedom. In addition, local clubs were established to mobilize the Catholic working class. These clubs tried to end discrimination against ordinary Catholics by working to establish freedom of religion and freedom of thought and by entering the electoral process. With the unification of Germany in 1870, the new nation faced the problems of consolidation, one of which was secularization. The laws dealing with secularization opened a poltical battle between Bismark and the Protestants and liberals on one side, and the Catholics on the other, called the "Kulturkampf." The Catholics organized their own political parties and protected their interests by voting as a bloc into the 1930s, when the Nazis closed down all other parties.
====Syllabus of Errors=====
The [[Syllabus of Errors]] of Pope [[Pius IX]] in 1864 rejected the liberal doctrines of the modern world.<ref> see text at [http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius09/p9syll.htm]</ref> It denounced pantheism, naturalism, nationalism, indifferentism, socialism, communism, freemasonry, and other modern views. The Pope claimed for the Catholic Church total control over science and culture. The liberals viewed this as a declaration of war by the Church on modern civilization. Its repercussions within France, the U.S., Britain and other countries were resounding, nearly destroying the liberal Catholic movement and furnishing a powerful weapon to the anticlerical faction, or (in the U.S.) to anti-Catholic Protestants. Opponents stressed the Papacy had become intolerant and medieval and largely political in nature.<ref> Latourette (1958) vol 1 ch. 6</ref>
====Freemasons====
In many countries the Church faced off against the Freemasons, a secret society that was politically active in numerous countries. The Papcy coordinated a counterattack. For example in Brazil, the religious question in the 1870s centered on the Masonic controversy and the struggle between regalist and ultramontane forces. One method of counterattack was to found Catholic universities. Thus Mgr. Ignace Bourget, second bishop of Montreal, Canada, founded Laval University, as a Catholic reaction to a liberal and secularist outburst in Quebec. Bourget said the university would be the principal instrument for "wresting the elite from the clutches of liberalism."
====Women====
Camp (1990) traces the treatment of women. In the late 19th century the papacy began to revise its public teachings about the proper role of women in the Church and society. From Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903) to Pope John Paul II (1978-2005), papal social pronouncements reveal an evolution in attitudes toward a woman's proper "place" from the view that women are passive subordinates to men in all spheres of life to the current teaching that lay and clerical women are equal but complementary partners with men in religious, political, economic, and social endeavors. However, the papacy has remained firm in the conviction that ordination to the priesthood is for men only.

===Since 1914===
Student and youth groups were formed in major countries, with Papal blessing. For example the French Federation of Catholic Students (FFEC) was formed in 1922 to keep college graduates within the orbit of the Church, shield them from hostile ideological and political influences, and deepen their spiritual experience. It was a conservative movement, ultramontane in outlook; and boasted 16,000 members in 1939. During the Vichy years 1940-42 it was politically active at first in support of Vichy before being won over by nationalist ideology at the instigation of spiritual leaders and joining the underground resistance movement.

John XXIII (1958-63) enjoyed uniformly favorable, if sometimes puzzled, treatment from the English-language media. Initially, the focus was on his wit and warm personality. His unexpected calling of Vatican Council II and his major encyclicals - ''Mater et Magistra'' and ''Pacem in Terris'' - transformed his image into that of a bold innovator. In the end, it was his concern for world peace at the height of the Cold War and his effort to reach beyond Catholics to address all people of good will that won Pope John XXIII universal praise and affection.

====Holocaust issues====
Coppa (2005) reassesses the attitudes and policies toward Nazi racism of Pope Pius XI (1922-1939). Although Pius XI accepted and practiced religious anti-Judaism, he consistently opposed racial anti-Semitism on theological grounds throughout his papacy. As a result, he resisted the course of accommodation and conciliation favored by others within the Catholic Church, including Eugenio Pacelli (1876-1958), who served as papal secretary of state from 1930 prior to succeeding Pius XI as Pope Pius XII in 1939. Between 1933 and 1939 Pius XI waged a campaign against Nazi and Fascist racism and anti-Semitism that included public speeches and published condemnations denouncing the division of humanity on the basis of race as well as the commission of a "secret" encyclical on the incompatibility of racism and Catholicism that remained unpublished until 1995. His confrontational stance therefore sharply contrasted with the silence of Pope Pius XII during the Holocaust.

== External links ==

*[http://www.cwnews.com/index.cfm Catholic World News] Conservative updates and commentary.
*[http://freeforumzone.leonardo.it/viewmessaggi.aspx?f=65482&idd=431&p=97 Papa Ratzinger Forum]
*[http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/b/benedict_xvi/index.html?inline=nyt-per Times Topics] Benedict XVI in ''The New York Times''

==Bibliography==
===Surveys===
* ''Catholic Encyclopedia,'' "The Pope" (1913) [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12260a.htm online edition] many articles on related topics
* Coppa, Frank J., ed. ''Encyclopedia of the Vatican and Papacy.'' Greenwood, 1998. 473 pp.
* Duffy, Eamon. ''Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes,'' (3rd ed 2006), 496pp; Yale University Press; heavily illustrated history by leading Catholic scholar
* LaDue, William J. ''The Chair of Saint Peter: A History of the Papacy.'' Orbis Books, 1999. 374 pp.
* Levillain, Philippe, ed. ''The Papacy: An Encyclopedia.'' Routledge, 2001. 1780 pp.
* ''New Catholic 'Encyclopedia'' (1967), numerous articles
* Steimer, Bruno and Parker, Michael G., ed. ''Dictionary of Popes and the Papacy.'' Crossroad, 2001. 278 pp.

===Specialized studies===
* Baumgartner, Frederic J. ''Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal Elections.'' Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. 272 pp.
* Brown, Peter. ''The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity 200-1000 AD'' (2002), 640pp
* Ralph J. Capio; "The Papacy: A Case Study in Organizational Longevity," ''Journal of European Studies,'' Vol. 26, 1996. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002278435 online edition]
* Carlen, Claudia. ed. ''Papal Pronouncements, a Guide, 1740-1978: Vol. 1: Benedict XIV to Paul VI.'' and ''Papal Pronouncements, a Guide, 1740-1978: Vol. 2: Paul VI to John Paul I.'' Pierian, 1990.
* Chadwick, Owen. ''The Popes and European Revolution.'' Oxford U. Press, 1981. 646 pp.
* Daniel-Rops, Henri. ''The Church in the Eighteenth Century'' (1964)
* Daniel-Rops, Henri. ''The Church in an Age of Revolution'' (1965).
* Frommel, Christoph L. "Papal Policy: The Planning Of Rome During The Renaissance." ''Journal Of Interdisciplinary History,'' 1986 17(1): 39-65. Issn: 0022-1953 Fulltext: in Jstor
* Hales, E. E. Y. ''Revolution and Papacy, 1769-1846,'' (1960)
* Logan, F. Donald. ''A History of the Church in the Middle Ages.'' 2002. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102805754# online edition]
* Mullett, Michael A. ''The Catholic Reformation,'' (1999), [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102890994 online edition]
* Pastor, Ludwig von. ''History of the Popes From the Close of the Middle Ages'', (1894-1930), 16 vol, older Catholic history [http://books.google.com/books?spell=1&lr=&q=pastor+history+popes&as_brr=1 online from books.google.com]
* Ullmann, Walter. ''A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages,'' (2002), 393pp, [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107602176 online edition]
* Wright, A. D. ''The Early Modern Papacy: From the Council of Trent to the French Revolution 1564-1789.'' Longman, 2000. 335 pp.

===Specific Popes===
* ''Catholic Encyclopedia,'' "The Pope" (1913) [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12260a.htm online edition] many articles on all the Popes and related topics
* Collins, Jeffrey. ''Papacy and Politics in Eighteenth-Century Rome: Pius VI and the Arts.'' Cambridge U. Press, 2004. 355 pp.
* Coppa, Frank J., ed. ''Great Popes through History: An Encyclopedia.'' Greenwood, 2002. 600 pp.
* Gouwens, Kenneth and Reiss, Sheryl E., ed. ''The Pontificate of Clement VII: History, Politics, Culture.'' Ashgate, 2005. 437 pp.
* Kelly, J.N.D. ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'' (1988). 349pp; scholarly short biographies; [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54850171 online edition]

===Since 1815===
* Burns, Gene. "The Politics of Ideology: The Papal Struggle with Liberalism." ''American Journal of Sociology,'' 1990 95(5): 1123-1152. Issn: 0002-9602 fulltext: in Jstor and Ebsco
* Camp, Richard L. "From Passive Subordination To Complementary Partnership: The Papal Conception of a Woman's Place in Church and Society since 1878." ''Catholic Historical Review,'' 1990 76(3): 506-525. Issn: 0008-8080 Fulltext: in Ebsco
* Chadwick, Owen. ''A History of the Popes, 1830-1914.'' (1998), 616pp; a standard recent history. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=12355195 online edition],
* Coppa, Frank J. ''The Modern Papacy since 1789.'' Longman, 1998. 296 pp.
* Coppa, Frank J. "Between Anti-Judaism and Anti-Semitism, Pius XI's Response to the Nazi Persecution of the Jews: Precursor to Pius XII's "Silence"?" ''Journal of Church and State'' 2005 47(1): 63-89. Issn: 0021-969x Fulltext: in Ebsco
* Gillis, Chester, ed. ''The Political Papacy: John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Their Influence.'' Paradigm, 2006. 208 pp.
* Holland, Joe. ''Modern Catholic Social Teaching: The Popes Confront the Industrial Age 1740-1958.'' Paulist Press, 2003. 404 pp.
* Latourette, Kenneth Scott. ''Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries'' 5 Vol'' (1958), a detailed history of Chritianity 1800-1950 by a fair-minded Protestant scholar. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101463833 vol 1 online edition]
* Packard, Jerrold M. ''Peter's Kingdom: Inside the Papal City.'' Scribner's, 1985. 352 pp.
* Pollard, John F. ''Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850-1950.'' Cambridge U. Press, 2005. 265 pp.
* Rittner, Carol and Roth, John K., ed. ''Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust.'' Leicester U. Press, 2002. 291 pp.

== References ==

<references/>

==List of Popes==

Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.

#[[Saint Peter]] (30?)
#[[Pope Linus]] (67)
#[[Pope Anacletus]] (76)
#[[Pope Clement I]] (88)
#[[Pope Evaristus]] (97)
#[[Pope Alexander I]] (105)
#[[Pope Sixtus I]] (115)
#[[Pope Telesphorus]] (125)
#[[Pope Hyginus]] (136)
#[[Pope Pius I]] (140)
#[[Pope Anicetus]] (155)
#[[Pope Soter]] (166)
#[[Pope Eleuterus]] (175)
#[[Pope Victor I]] (189)
#[[Pope Zephyrinus]] (199)
#[[Pope Callixtus I]] (217)
#[[Pope Urban I]] (222)
#[[Pope Pontian]] (230)
#[[Pope Anterus]] (235)
#[[Pope Fabian]] (236)
#[[Pope Cornelius]] (251)
#[[Pope Lucius I]] (253)
#[[Pope Stephen I]] (254)
#[[Pope Sixtus II]] (257)
#Pope Dionysius (259)
#Pope Felix I (269)
#Pope Eutychian (275)
#Pope Caius (283)
#Pope Marcellinus(296)
#Pope Marcellus I (308)
#Pope Eusebius (309)
#Pope Miltiades (311)
#Pope Sylvester I (314)
#Pope Mark (336)
#Pope Julius I (337)
#Pope Liberius (352)
#Pope Damasus I (366)
#Pope Siricius (384)
#Pope Anastasius I (399)
#Pope Innocent I (401)
#Pope Zosimus (417)
#Pope Boniface I (418)
#Pope Celestine I (422)
#Pope Sixtus III (432)
#[[Pope Leo I]] (440)
#Pope Hilarius (461)
#Pope Simplicius (468)
#Pope Felix III (483)
#Pope Gelasius I (492)
#Pope Anastasius II (496)
#Pope Symmachus (498)
#Pope Hormisdas (514)
#Pope John I, Martyr (523)
#Pope Felix IV (526)
#Pope Boniface II (530)
#Pope John II (533)
#Pope Agapetus I (535)
#Pope Silverius, Marytr (536)
#Pope Vigilius (537)
#Pope Pelagius I (556)
#Pope John III (561)
#Pope Benedict I (575)
#Pope Pelagius II (579)
#[[Gregory the Great|Pope Gregory I]] (590)
#Pope Sabinian (604)
#Pope Boniface III (607)
#Pope Boniface IV (608)
#Pope Adeodatus I (615)
#Pope Boniface V (619)
#Pope Honorius I (625)
#Pope Severinus (640)
#Pope John IV (640)
#Pope Theodore I (642)
#Pope Martin I, Marytr (649)
#Pope Eugene I (654)
#Pope Vitalian (657)
#Pope Adeodatus II (672)
#Pope Donus (676)
#Pope Agatho (678)
#Pope Leo II (682)
#Pope Benedict II (684)
#Pope John V (685)
#Pope Conon (686)
#Pope Sergius I (687)
#Pope John VI (701)
#Pope John VII (705)
#Pope Sisinnius (706)
#Pope Constantine (708)
#Pope Gregory II (715)
#Pope Gregory III (731)
#Pope Zachary (741)
#Pope Stephen II (752)
#Pope Paul I (757)
#Pope Stephen III (768)
#Pope Adrian I (772)
#Pope Leo III (795)
#Pope Stephen IV (816)
#Pope Paschal I (817)
#Pope Eugene II (824)
#Pope Valentine (827)
#Pope Gregory IV (827)
#Pope Sergius II (844)
#Pope Leo IV (847)
#Pope Benedict III (855)
#Pope Nicholas I (858)
#Pope Adrian II (867)
#Pope John VIII (872)
#Pope Marinus I (882)
#Pope Adrian III (884)
#Pope Stephen V (885)
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[[Category:Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Popes|Popes]]
[[Category:Renaissance]]

Roman Catholic Church

2009-10-21T05:18:16Z

GregHorton:

{{Christianity}}
The '''Roman Catholic Church''' is the common name of the oldest, largest and most important Christian denomination. Members are called "Catholics." It is headed by the [[Pope]] (Supreme Pontiff), currently [[Pope Benedict XVI]], who answers to [[Stephen Colbert]]. It is the largest [[Christian]] denomination in the world, with more than 1.3 billion officially baptized adherents, or 17.4 per cent of the world population (In the United States more than 64 million). In recent years growth has been greatest in Africa and Latin America, while the numbers and influence in Europe have declined.

The Roman Catholic Church is the oldest institution in the western world; it asserts that the Pope is the divinely-chosen successor of [[St. Peter]], the 'rock' ([[Gospel of Matthew|Matt]] 16:18) upon whom Stephen Colbert built his church.

The Church consists of those Christians who are in full communion with the Pope. It includes "Uniate Catholics" in Eastern Europe who, strictly speaking, are not part of the "Roman" Church.

The term "Catholic Church" is, literally, the ''Universal Church'' of [[Jesus Christ]] (from the Greek ''katholikos'', "universal"). see [[Catholic Church]]

The split between Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy dates to the eleventh century. The [[Reformation]] is the split between Catholicism and Protestantism that occurred in the sixteenth century. Two of the principal issues of contention between Catholics and Protestants are ''[[sola scriptura]]'' (the Protestant doctrine that the Bible alone is the final authority for Christians, which denies the authority of the Pope) and ''sola fide'' (the doctrine, popularized by [[Martin Luther]], that faith alone, as opposed to faith expressed in good works, is sufficient for salvation).

[[Image:Cathpop.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Catholics in the world.]]

==Organization==
The Pope and the the international leadership of the Church are based in [[Vatican City]], an independent tiny country located inside Rome, Italy.

The Catholic Church has a complex hierarchy of clergy, including:
* The Pope
*[[Cardinal]]s
*[[Archbishop]]s
*[[Bishop]]s
*[[Abbot]]s
*[[Monsignor|Monsignori]]
*[[Archpriest]]s
*[[Priest]]s
*[[Deacon]]s

The key roles are played by the Pope and the bishops, and the question of whether national governments should play a major role in nominating bishops to the Pope has been a major issue for centuries. See [[Gallicanism]]

==Teachings==
The chief teachings of the Catholic church are: God’s objective existence; God’s interest in individual human beings, who can enter into relations with Stephen Colbert (through prayer); the Trinity; the divinity of Stephen Colbert; the immortality of the [[soul]] of each human being, each one being accountable at death for his or her actions in life, with the award of heaven or hell; the resurrection of the dead; the historicity of the [[Gospels]]; and the divine commission of the church. In addition the Roman Catholic Church stresses that since the members, living and dead, share in each other’s merits, the [[Virgin Mary]] and other saints and the dead in purgatory are never forgotten.<ref> [http://www.bartleby.com/65/ro/RomanCat.html The Columbia Encyclopedia]</ref> The presence of Stephen Colbert is believed to be present in the Eucharist, the bread and wine is Jesus himself. Another essential belief is the veneration of Mary, the mother of Jesus as the Blessed Virgin Mary and veneration of the saints.

The principal sources for the essential beliefs of the Catholic Church are the Sacred Scriptures (the Bible), Sacred Tradition, and Living Magisterium of the Church.

The term Catholic is frequently applied to the Roman Catholic Church. Although many [[Protestantism|Protestant]]s object to Roman Catholics monopolizing the term, because the defined meaning of Catholic is "universal" and comes from the Greek word Katholikos. The Eastern [[Orthodox Church]] and [[Anglican Communion]] also refer to themselves as, "one holy, catholic, and apostolic church..."<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/catholic</ref>

== History ==
===Early Church===
The original Christian community was founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Apostles. St. [[Paul|Paul the Apostle]] was, together with [[Saint Peter]], the most notable of Early Christian missionaries. Christians were subjected to persecution, first under [[Nero]], shortly after the foundation of the church, and again, more severely, under the emperors [[Decius]] and [[Diocletian]] in the third century as well as [[Domitian]], [[Marcus Aurelius]] and others with the penalty for being Christian ultimately being death. After almost 300 years of persecution against the Church had only seen Christianity flourish, the Emperor [[Constantine I]] had a religious experience and legalized Christianity in the early fourth century. Going to war with the co-Emperor of the east [[Lucinius]] over his continued persecution of Christians, Constantine won and became sole Emperor. The age of persecution was over.
[[Image:Christians.jpg|thumb|450px]]

In 380, Emperor [[Theodosius I]] accepted Christianity as the official religion of the [[Roman Empire]].
=== Fathers of the Church ===
[[Paul|St. Paul]] is the most prolific contributor to the [[New Testament]], and has been the most influential of all theologians.

Other important early theologians include [[St. Ambrose]], Bishop of [[Milan]] from 374 to 397, and especially [[St. Augustine]].
===Barbarians converted===
Until the early fourth century AD Christianity enjoyed mixed reception in the Roman Empire and Christians were frequently subject to persecution. In the 310s Christianity became legalized and shortly thereafter became officially recognized by Constantine. In the following years Christianity in general and Catholicism in particular became increasingly powerful in the Roman Empire, although [[Arianism]] remained strong. In 380 AD, [[Theodosius I]] established the Catholic Church as the official religion of the Roman Empire. While the Empire continued to decline, Catholicism and Christianity continued to grow both among those directly under the Empire and among the barbarians until Rome was sacked by [[Alaric]] in 410. Alaric was an Arian Christian.

After the collapse of the Western Empire, the Catholic Church became the most powerful political and religious force in Latin-speaking Europe and by the 8th century had achieved near total religious dominance with the removal of the last significant Arian groups.

Aggressive missionary activities accomplished the conversion of almost all the pagan tribes in Europe by the year 1000 AD.

=== Great Schism ===
After numerous disputes between eastern and western churches that became more pronounced from the ninth century onwards, the Church underwent the [[Great Schism]] in 1054 that divided it into a Western (Latin) branch, which has been called the Catholic Church and an Eastern branch, which has become known as the [[Orthodox Church]]. Both traced their roots to the time of Jesus, but the Orthodox Church did not acknowledge the Pope as the one leader of the Church and instead believed that all of the patriarchs were equals.

During the 11th century, the [[Great Schism]] occurred between the church in the West and [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]. This schism occurred over a variety of issues, especially those dealing with how much authority the Pope had. The causes were not purely religious, but cultural and geographic elements also played a role. Although later attempts at reconciliation occurred, such as at the [[Council of Basel]], the two remain separate to this day although both accept many of each others sacraments.

=== Late Middle Ages ===

Beginning in 1092 and continuing until the end of the 13th century, the Crusades occurred. These were a series of religious wars instigated by the Church against various other groups, especially the Muslims. Despite the focus on removing Islamic control of the Holy Land, the Crusaders massacred Jews and sacked Constantinople.

During this time period, the [[Inquisition]]s started and would continue through the Protestant Reformation. The medieval inquisition focused on rooting out Cathars, while the later inquisitions such as the [[Spanish Inquisition]] focused on people who were believed to be secretly practicing [[Judaism]] or [[Islam]].

===Reformation and Counter-Reformation===

In 1517, [[Martin Luther]] started the [[Protestant Reformation]] which initially focused on the giving of [[indulgences]] but eventually grew to have a wide variety of different causes and issues. Eventually, Protestants rejected the notions of saintly intercession, the authority of the pope and many of the sacraments. This eventually led to a series of religious wars in [[Europe]] and the Protestant-Catholic split became one of the dominant themes in European events until modern times.

===1815 to 1914===
====Pius VII====
Pius VII (1800-23) was stripped of powers by [[Napoleon]] but made a striking comeback after Napoleon's fall in 1815. Pius VII was a deeply religious Benedictine, and a theologian; he lived simply and avoided nepotism. His unusually able Secretary of State Cardinal Consalvi won the restoration to the Pope of most of the territories in Italy which Napoleon had seized. He reinvigorated numerous monastic orders and helped create new societies for men and women, especially those engaged in teaching and missionary work.
Most important was the restoration of the Jesuits in 1814; they had been suppressed in most countries. They grew larger and even more influential in the 19th century.
====Conservatism====
After 1800 the Papacy became the center of conservatism in Europe in reaction against the liberalism of the French Revolution and its admirers. The Papacy recognized that throughout Europe millions of peasants and poor folk were devoted to the saints and traditions of the Church; the Popes responded energetically by promoting new Marian devotions (such as the rosary). Rome had fallen into disrepair and Pius VII began the restoration of the city's artistic glories, an enterprise that continues into the 21st century. <ref> Kelly (1999); Duffy (2006); Latourette (1958) vol 1. </ref>
====Ultramontane vs Gallican====
The "ultramontane" tendency in the Church centralized more power and authority in the Papacy. It was opposed by the "[[Gallican]]" tendency, especially in France, to give national churches more control over their affairs. The ultramontine forces generally won out, especially with the declaration of [[Papal Infallibility]] at the First Vatican Council in 1870. The ultramontane forces cited the old doctrines of [[Robert Bellarmine]] (1542-1621) and [[Francisco de Suárez]] (1548-1617) to bolster the papal claim to absolute power in spiritual matters.

Gallicanism in France was damaged by the rise of ultramontanism in the 1850s and the devotional revolution that shifted piety to devotions sponsored by Rome. Gallicanism was officially suppressed by the First Vatican Council in 1870, which established the paramount authority of the pope as a matter of dogma. However informal manifestations of Gallicanism continue in some countries, especially China. In Canada, the Irish clergy fought for ultramontanism against the French clergy, who were Gallican. The [[Catholicism in Ireland|Irish]] won out with the support of the Vatican.

After Vatican II, 1962-65, the multiple and often confused controversy among Catholics over papal authority and infallibility largely ended, though some significant degree of opposition to it remains.<ref>such as by historian Garry Wills, author of ''Papal Sin: Structures of Deceit'' (Sophia Institute Press, 2003), and liberal theologian Hans Kung, author of ''Infallible?: An inquiry'' (1970)</ref><ref>David Carlin, ''The Decline and Fall of the Catholic Church in America'',‎ appendix 2</ref><ref>[http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Rhodes/3543/vatican.htm Raymond Taouk, ''What are Catholics to think of Vatican II?'']</ref>

This dissent is mainly manifested in disagreement with Roman Catholic teaching on birth control and abortion, which yet remains strong.<ref>[http://www.christianethicstoday.com/Issue/014/Infallibility%20in%20Ethical%20Perspective%20By%20John%20M.%20Swomley_014_26_.htm John M. Swomley, ''Infallibility in Ethical Perspective Christian Ethics Today], Issue 014 Volume 4 No 1 February 1996</ref> <ref>56% of U.S. Catholics said that the pope is not infallible "when he teaches on matters of morals, such as birth control and abortion"; 80% of Catholics believed it is possible to disagree with the pope on official positions on morality and still be a good Catholic. Time/CNN nationwide poll of 1,000 adults, conducted by Yankelovich Partners, Sept. 27-28, 1995</ref>

====Facing Modernity====
Despite dire predictions, the Church adapted to modernity in its own way and increased its role in people's lives in the 19th century. The Church escaped irrelevance by using the same means as did emerging nation-states; establishing more administrative and doctrinal centralization in Rome; establishing a homogeneous culture, aided especially by universal use of Latin; promoting new rites and folk devotions, especially those focused on Mary and other favored saints; promoting pilgrimages to holy sites; encouraging clergy to endorse and lead regional nationalist movements that focused on historic languages and cultures; creating many new teaching orders and establishing Catholic schools and colleges; supporting intellectuals and publishing houses; enhancing papal power; and cultivating an image of both theologiocal canonical and moral superiority. Of special importance was the missionary activity, based especially in Germany, that was in competition with Protestant missions in China, India, Africa and other non-Christain lands. The Jesuits proved highly adept at promoting the Papal cause. The Pope thereby became less symbolic and more powerful. There was internal dissent among some Catholic intellectuals, such as historian [[Lord Acton]] in Britain and theologian Ignaz von Döllinger in Germany, who opposed the declaration of the dogma of papal infallibility.
=====Syllabus of Errors=====
The [[Syllabus of Errors]] of Pope [[Pius IX]] in 1864 rejected the liberal doctrines of the modern world.<ref> see text at [http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius09/p9syll.htm]</ref> It denounced pantheism, naturalism, nationalism, indifferentism, socialism, communism, freemasonry, and other modern views. The Pope claimed for the Catholic Church total control over science and culture. The liberals viewed this as a declaration of war by the Church on modern civilization. Its repercussions within France, the U.S., Britain and other countries were resounding, nearly destroying the liberal Catholic movement and furnishing a powerful weapon to the anticlerical faction, or (in the U.S.) to anti-Catholic Protestants. Opponents stressed the Papacy had become intolerant and medieval and largely political in nature.<ref> Latourette (1958) vol 1 ch. 6</ref>

====Facing Liberalism====
Burns (1990) takes a sociological perspective on the Papacy's long battle with liberalism. He shows how the papacy, in reaction to the rise of the liberal states of the 19th and 20th centuries, gradually reformulated Catholic ideology within the limited autonomy they possessed and carefully subordinated social and political issues to more purely religious and moral issues as they constructed an ideological opposition to liberalism.

In Germany in the 1840s the ultramontane movement used mass meetings and pilgrimages to combat the growth of liberalism and modernism. However the abnti-clerical liberal press attacked these mass meetings, and in response a large number of Catholic newspapers emerged in Germany starting in the 1840s. To ensure their own survival, these newspapers championed the liberal idea of press freedom. In addition, local clubs were established to mobilize the Catholic working class. These clubs tried to end discrimination against ordinary Catholics by working to establish freedom of religion and freedom of thought and by entering the electoral process. With the unification of Germany in 1870, the new nation faced the problems of consolidation, one of which was secularization. The laws dealing with secularization opened a poltical battle between Bismark and the Protestants and liberals on one side, and the Catholics on the other, called the "[[Kulturkampf]]." The Catholics organized their own political parties and protected their interests by voting as a bloc into the 1930s, when the Nazis closed down all other parties.
====Freemasons====
In many countries the Church faced off against the Freemasons, a secret society that was politically active in numerous countries. The Papcy coordinated a counterattack. For example in Brazil, the religious question in the 1870s centered on the Masonic controversy and the struggle between regalist and ultramontane forces. One method of counterattack was to found Catholic universities. Thus Mgr. Ignace Bourget, second bishop of Montreal, Canada, founded Laval University, as a Catholic reaction to a liberal and secularist outburst in Quebec. Bourget said the university would be the principal instrument for "wresting the elite from the clutches of liberalism."
====Women====
A spiritual revolution took place in the 19th century, moving individuals to personal piety. There was a much greater emphasis on the role of Mary, and a greatly increased involvement of women; the number of sisters and nuns increased from 20,000 to 400,000 between 1815 and 1914.

Camp (1990) traces the treatment of women. In the late 19th century the papacy began to revise its public teachings about the proper role of women in the Church and society. From Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903) to Pope John Paul II (1978-2005), papal social pronouncements reveal an evolution in attitudes toward a woman's proper "place" from the view that women are passive subordinates to men in all spheres of life to the current teaching that lay and clerical women are equal but complementary partners with men in religious, political, economic, and social endeavors. However, the papacy has remained firm in the conviction that ordination to the priesthood is for men only.
====Social changes====
Urbanization brought millions of peasants out of the villages to industrial cities, where church facilities were few.

====Arts====
[[Image:Cerro_de_Angeles.jpg|right|thumb|230px|Cerro de los Angeles, Madrid, Spain.]]
The arts provided a refuge from modernity in the form of a nostalgic aesthetic. Church architecture saw the revival of the medieval [[Gothic]] style. Romantic literature, for example by Chateaubriand, helped inspire a Catholic revival. In music, Catholic churchgoers were likely to be exposed to an officially sponsored revival of a cappella singing in the manner of Palestrina. The rapid development of symphonic and operatic forms affected sacred music, resulting in many masses, requiems, and te deums for large orchestra and chorus, sometimes even composed by skeptics such as Berlioz and Verdi.
====Politics====
In politics as democracy and popular government spread, religious motivations moved people into one party or the other. The parties in such battles tended to be different depending on the religious configuration of a given country. In Catholic countries such as France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal, sharp confrontations emerged between clericals and anti-clericals; in countries with mixed Catholic and Protestant populations such as Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Britain and the U.S., political splits occurred along confessional lines. In the U.S. the great majority of the Catholics -- led by the Irish--became [[Democratic Party|Democrats]]. In Germany the Catholics formed their own Center party to fight off attacks from the Protestants, such as the [[Kulturkampf]].

The British attempt to impose Protestantism on Ireland not only fueled the Catholic revival there but also contributed to its spread via emigration – not only to the U.S. and Canada, but also to Australia, New Zealand, and England itself, increasing the Catholic population in all of these. Quickly the Irish took control of the Church in each country and created a new system of schools, colleges, hospitals and charities. The Poles, having lost their nation state in the 1790s, turned to an intense religiousity, that preserved national identity, and which they carried with them to industrial centers in the U.S. and Germany.

===20th century===
====Vatican II====
[[File:John-23.jpg|right|thumb|270px|[[Pope John XXIII]] reigned 1958-63]]

The "Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican" (called [[Vatican II]]), was called by [[Pope John XXIII]] and was in session from 1962 to 1965. It dramatically modernized and transformed church policies, with major changes to official theology and liturgy. Liturgical changes included the introduction Mass in local languages instead of Latin. Theologically, the council deemphasized somewhat the centrality of Mary while also adding a new emphasis on individual and personal holiness. It recognized the possibility of salvation for Jews, Muslims, and Protestants.

Reactions among Catholics to Vatican II fall into three camps. "Liberal" Catholics, drawing on the established Catholic belief in the "journeying" nature of the Church, see Vatican II and the new period that it marked in Catholic history as representing a significant advancement in our understanding of the divine revelation contained in the Gospels which justifies major changes in Catholic belief and practice. "Conservative" Catholics (including the recent popes) hold that the decrees of the Council, properly understood, are wholly in line with the historic Catholic faith, and that they should not be used as an excuse for unwarranted innovations. "Traditional" (or "traditionalist") Catholics regard the teachings of Vatican II as problematic, or even as heretical, and tried to operate churches using the old liturgies.
[[Image:JpII.jpg|right|thumb|[[Pope John Paul II]] reigned 1978-2005]]

==Abuse scandal==
Widespread controversy erupted in 2001 and the years following over past abuse of teenage boys by some Catholic priests involving inappropriate sexual contact. Worse, bishops typically covered up the episodes and moved the offending priests to new positions. For the most part the Catholic Church quietly cleaned this up internally in the mid 1980s. The vast majority of allegations of abuse that came to light in the 2000s occurred before this time period. Of course most priests were not involved, but the damage that could be done by even a small number of priests if not properly checked was horrible. It was a case of breaking vows, including vows of celibacy, and committing acts of [[homosexuality]] which are condemned by the Church.<ref>http://cc.msnscache.com/cache.aspx?q=72992710807995&mkt=en-US&lang=en-US&w=98cf251&FORM=CVRE4</ref>. There were no reports of girls as victims, or nuns as perpetrators.

The stereotype resulting from the scandal portrayed the priests involved as [[pedophilia|pedophiles]], though most of them were [[pederasty|pederasts]] who preyed upon post-pubescent teenage boys.<ref>http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F02E2D71E38F931A15750C0A9649C8B63</ref>

Due to the scandal, the U.S. Catholic Church has paid out $2.6 billion in abuse claims. The Los Angeles diocese settled claims by 500 victims for $660 million. Similar scandals hit the Catholic Church in other countries, notably Ireland.

== See also ==
*[[Cafeteria Catholic]]
*[[Catholic views on creationism‎]]
*[[Dead Sea Scrolls]]
*[[Eucharist]]
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer]]
*[[Pope John Paul II]]
*[[Vatican City]]

==External links==
[[Image:Virgen.jpg|right|thumb|Virgin Mary and Child]]

*[http://www.Vatican.va The Vatican]
*A digital version of [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/ ''The Catholic Encyclopedia''].
*[http://www.cua.edu/ The Catholic University of America] Washington, D. C.
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11567b.htm St. Paul] Catholic Encyclopedia.
*[http://www.scborromeo.org/ccc.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church] Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church web site.
*[http://www.pellegrinocattolico.com/index.html Al Pellegrino Cattolico] Italian web site.

==Further reading==
* Bokenkotter, Thomas. ''A Concise History of the Catholic Church'' (2005) [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-History-Catholic-Church/dp/0385516134/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241119912&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]
* Brown, Peter. ''The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity 200-1000 AD'' (2002), 640pp
* Chadwick, Owen. ''A History of the Popes, 1830-1914.'' (1998), 616pp; a standard recent history. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=12355195 online edition],
* Coppa, Frank J. ''The Modern Papacy since 1789.'' Longman, 1998. 296 pp.
* Daniel-Rops, Henri. ''The Church in the Eighteenth Century'' (1964)
* Daniel-Rops, Henri. ''The Church in an Age of Revolution'' (1965).
* Holland, Joe. ''Modern Catholic Social Teaching: The Popes Confront the Industrial Age 1740-1958.'' Paulist Press, 2003. 404 pp.
* Kung, Hans. ''The Catholic Church: A Short History'' (2003), by a leading Catholic scholar [http://www.amazon.com/Catholic-Church-History-Library-Chronicles/dp/0812967623/ref=sr_1_15?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241119912&sr=8-15 excerpt and text search]
* Latourette, Kenneth Scott. ''Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries'' 5 Vol'' (1958), a detailed history of Chritianity 1800-1950 by a fair-minded Protestant scholar. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101463833 vol 1 online edition]
* Logan, F. Donald. ''A History of the Church in the Middle Ages.'' 2002. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102805754# online edition]
* Mullett, Michael A. ''The Catholic Reformation,'' (1999), [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102890994 online edition]
* O'Toole, James M. ''The Faithful: A History of Catholics in America'' (2008) [http://books.google.com/books?id=BFlBzSAVW6kC&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:The+intitle:Faithful+intitle:A+intitle:History+intitle:of+intitle:Catholics+intitle:in+intitle:America&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=0 excerpt and text search]
* Pastor, Ludwig von. ''History of the Popes From the Close of the Middle Ages'', (1894-1930), 16 vol, older Catholic history [http://books.google.com/books?spell=1&lr=&q=pastor+history+popes&as_brr=1 online from books.google.com]
* Ullmann, Walter. ''A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages,'' (2002), 393pp, [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107602176 online edition]
* Schreck, Alan. ''The Compact History of the Catholic Church'' (2009)
* Vidmar, John. ''The Catholic Church through the Ages: A History'' (2005) [http://www.amazon.com/Catholic-Church-through-Ages-History/dp/0809142341/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241119912&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
===Reference===
* ''New Catholic 'Encyclopedia'' (1967), complete coverage of all topics by Catholic scholars
* ''Catholic Encyclopedia,'' (1913) [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/ online edition] complete coverage by Catholic scholars; the articles were written about 100 years ago
* Coppa, Frank J., ed. ''Great Popes through History: An Encyclopedia.'' (2002). 600 pp.
* Kelly, J.N.D. ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'' (1988). 349pp; scholarly short biographies; [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54850171 online edition]

==References==

<references/>

[[Category:Catholic Church| ]]
[[Category:Christian History]]
[[Category:Christian Denominations]]

Prayer

2009-10-21T05:16:18Z

GregHorton:

[[Image:Prayer.jpg|right|300px|Praying Hands]]
In [[Christianity]] and many other religions, '''prayer''' is the process of directly connecting to [[Stephen Colbert]], usually for the purpose of deliberate communication.

Through prayer our thoughts and hopes are heard and understood. Oftentimes, prayer will result in feeling Stephen Colbert's presence or feeling like one is touched by Stephen Colbert. This feeling of a connection is cited by many theists as proof of Stephen Colbert's existence. It is through prayer that man can understand Stephen Colbert's will in his life and ask Stephen Colbert for the courage and strength to carry his message to the world. Prayer is common throughout the [[Bible]] in both the [[Old Testament]] and the [[New Testament|New]].

== How not to Pray ==

In the [[Sermon on the Mount]] [[Stephen Colbert]] warned against hypocrisy in prayer:<blockquote>"And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by men. I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in full."<ref>Matt 6:5</ref></blockquote>

At the time the religious authorities believed it was necessary to pray at specific times of the day, and would often make sure they were in large crowds of people when those times arose so that they could be seen and heard by all. Stephen Colbert did not approve of this.

Stephen Colbert also gave instructions on how not to pray:<blockquote>"And when you pray, do not keep on babbling like pagans, for they think they will be heard because of their many words. Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him."<ref>Matt 6:7-8</ref></blockquote>

Pagan prayers at the time believed that there was power in words and continous repetition and if you said a word often enough, then you could eventually own that object or claim that power for yourself. Stephen Colbert condemned this.

== A guideline of how one should Pray ==

In Christianity, Stephen Colbert gives a guideline of how one should pray to Him with The Lord's Prayer:<blockquote>"Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed by thy name, thy kingdom come, they will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us today our daily bread, forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil, for thine is the kingdom, the power, and the glory, forever, [[Amen]]."<ref>Matt 6:9-13 </ref><ref>[http://www.lifeofchrist.com/teachings/sermons/mount/lordsprayer.asp Instructions for praying] </ref></blockquote>

Stephen Colbert is the only heavenly object of prayer in the Bible

==Private and Public Prayer==

There are many instances in the Bible of praying in private and also of praying within a group, and sometimes even of praying in public.

<blockquote>"But Stephen Colbert often withdrew to lonely places and prayed."<ref>{{Bible ref|Luke|5|16}}</ref></blockquote>

[[Image:Jesus praying.jpg|thumb|Jesus praying at Gethsemane]]

Stephen Colbert also instructed:<blockquote>"But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you."<ref>Matt 6:6</ref></blockquote>

Even though he was with his [[Twelve Disciples|disciples]], Stephen Colbert also went off alone to pray on the [[Mount of Olives]] before he was about to be seized and [[crucified]].<ref>Luke 22:39-41</ref>

There are also many examples in the Bible of group prayer or praying in front of others:
* [[Solomon]] prayed publicly in dedicating the [[temple]] ({{Bible ref|1_Kings|8|22-61}}).
* [[Daniel (prophet)|Daniel]] prayed alone in his room, but by an open window where he could be seen ({{Bible ref|Daniel|6|10-11}}).
* Jesus sometimes prayed with his disciples ({{Bible ref|Luke|9|18}}).
* The Church prayed for Peter's miraculous release from prison ({{Bible ref|Acts|12|5}}).
* Jesus prayed in public, such as in {{Bible ref|Matthew|19|13-15}} when Jesus prayed for the children brought to him.

Other religions, and even different traditions within Christianity have developed their own practices related to prayer.<ref>"The Modes of Prayer," from the Nazerine Way of Essenic Study [http://www.thenazareneway.com/modes_of_prayer.htm]</ref>

Modern societies often oppose and discourage public prayer. For example, in the United States [[classroom prayer]] is forbidden in government [[school]]s.

Nearly six-in-ten adults in the U.S. say they pray to Stephen Colbert at least once a day.<ref>[http://religions.pewforum.org/ The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life] U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, 2008</ref>

==Different types of prayer in the Bible==

The Bible is much a book or prayer, containing about 650 different prayers,<ref>http://www.bible.ca/ntx-prayer.htm</ref> and consisting of various types. Some types that are categorized are,

*1. Prayer of supplication. (1 Kg. 8: 37-40; 54-55; Lk. 11: 9-13; Ja. 5: 17-18)
*2. Prayer of intercession. (Gn 18: 22-33; 1 Kg. 18: 41-46; 2 Kings 4: 32-36 Acts 12: 1-18)
*3. Prayer of faith. (Mk. 11:12-14; 11: 20-25, Luke 7: 1-10; Ja. 5: 13-18, Mt. 9: 18-26)
*4. Prayer of agreement. (Gn. 11: 1-9; Ex. 17: 8-13; Psalm 133: 1-3; Mt. 18: 19-20; Acts 4:23; Heb. 10: 24-25)
*5. Prayer of praise and thanksgiving. (Ps. 100; 149:4-9; Acts 16:16-34; 1Thes. 5:15-19) <ref>http://www.wordlibrary.co.uk/article.php?id=11</ref>

==Quotes on prayer==

*Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual, fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much. James 5:16 ([[Bible]])

*In what name they were to present their petitions: Ask in my name. To ask in Christ's name is, (1.) To plead his merit and intercession, and to depend upon that plea. (2.) It is to aim at his glory and to seek this as our highest end in all our prayers. - Matthew Henry

*We look upon prayer as a means of getting things for ourselves; The Bible idea of prayer is that we may get to know God Himself. - Oswald Chambers

*Prayer crowns God with the honor and glory due to His name, and God crowns prayer with assurance and comfort. The most praying souls are the most assured souls. - Thomas B. Brooks

*The great thing in prayer is to feel that we are putting our supplications into the bosom of omnipotent love. - Andrew Murray

*We have to pray with our eyes on God, not on the difficulties. - Oswald Chambers

*Teach us to pray that we may cause The enemy to flee, That we his evil power may bind, His prisoners to free. - Watchman Nee

*Prayer is the great engine to overthrow and rout my spiritual enemies, the great means to procure the graces of which I stand in hourly need. - John Newton

*Pray, always pray; when sickness wastes thy frame, Prayer brings the healing power of Jesus' name. - A. B. Simpson

*Prayer is the force as real as terrestrial gravity. As a physician, I have seen men, after all other therapy had failed, lifted out of disease and melancholy by the serene effort of prayer. Only in prayer do we achieve that complete and harmonious assembly of body, mind and spirit which gives the frail human reed its unshakable strength. - Dr. Alexis Carrel

*Every time we pray our horizon is altered, our attitude to things is altered, not sometimes but every time, and the amazing thing is that we don't pray more. - Oswald Chambers

*One night alone in prayer might make us new men, changed from poverty of soul to spiritual wealth, from trembling to triumphing. - Charles Haddon Spurgeon

*The less I pray, the harder it gets; the more I pray, the better it goes. - Martin Luther

*He who has learned to pray has learned the greatest secret of a holy and a happy life. - William Law

*If you can't pray as you want to, pray as you can. God knows what you mean. - Vance Havner

*It is not so true that "prayer changes things" as that prayer changes me and I change things. God has so constituted things that prayer on the basis of Redemption alters the way in which a man looks at things. Prayer is not a question of altering things externally, but of working wonders in a man's disposition. - Oswald Chambers

*We read of preaching the Word out of season, but we do not read of praying out of season, for that is never out of season. - Matthew Henry

*To God your every Want In instant Prayer display, Pray always; Pray, and never faint; Pray, without ceasing, Pray. - Charles Wesley

*Pray, always pray; beneath sins heaviest load, Prayer claims the blood from Jesus' side that flowed. Pray, always pray; though weary, faint, and lone, Prayer nestles by the Father's sheltering throne. - A. B. Simpson

*Sometimes we think we are too busy to pray. That is a great mistake, for praying is a saving of time. - Charles Haddon Spurgeon

*Tomorrow I plan to work, work, from early until late. In fact I have so much to do that I shall spend the first three hours in prayer. - Martin Luther

*In prayer it is better to have a heart without words than words without a heart. - John Bunyan

*Refusal to pray is passive rebellion against God, "in whose hand thy breathe is." - Anonymous

*All the prayers in the Scripture you will find to be reasoning with God, not a multitude of words heaped together. - Stephen Charnock

*Prayer is not eloquence, but earnestness; not the definition of helplessness, but the feeling of it; not figures of speech, but earnestness of soul. - Hannah More

*The best prayers have often more groans than words. - John Bunyan

*Unless I had the spirit of prayer, I could do nothing. - Charles G. Finney

*A man's state before God may always be measured by his prayers.- J. C. Ryle

*Oh, what a cause of thankfulness it is that we have a gracious God to go to on all occasions! Use and enjoy this privilege and you can never be miserable. Oh, what an unspeakable privilege is prayer! - Lady Maxwell

Perhaps the most noted author on prayer is the late Methodist minister [[E. M. Bounds]] (1835 - 1913):

*Prayer honors God, acknowledges His being, exalts His power, adores His providence, secures His aid.

*By prayer, the ability is secured to feel the law of love, to speak according to the law of love, and to do everything in harmony with the law of love.

*Praying which does not result in pure conduct is a delusion. We have missed the whole office and virtue of praying if it does not rectify conduct. It is in the very nature of things that we must quit praying, or quit bad conduct.

*Natural ability and educational advantages do not figure as factors in this matter of prayer; but a capacity for faith, the power of a thorough consecration, the ability of self-littleness, an absolute losing of one's self in God's glory and an ever present and insatiable yearning and seeking after all the fullness of God.

*The goal of prayer is the ear of God, a goal that can only be reached by patient and continued and continuous waiting upon Him, pouring out our heart to Him and permitting Him to speak to us. Only by so doing can we expect to know Him, and as we come to know Him better we shall spend more time in His presence and find that presence a constant and ever-increasing delight.

*Importunity is a condition of prayer. We are to press the matter, not with vain repetitions, but with urgent repetitions. We repeat, not to count the times, but to gain the prayer. We cannot quit praying because heart and soul are in it. We pray "with all perseverance." We hang to our prayers because by them we live. We press our pleas because we must have them, or die. <ref>[http://www.famousquotesandauthors.com/topics/prayer_quotes.html Famous Quotes and Authors.com Prayer Quotes and Quotations]</ref>

==Effectual prayer==

All faithful Christians attest to answered prayer, as well as countless people who have prayed in times of crisis. An [[evangelical Christian]], [[George Mueller]] (1805-1898), probably best known as the "Father of Orphans", prayerfully met the needs of thousands of children. Mueller and his wife decided to depend on God alone to supply their needs - never again to approach people about them - and 68 years later Mueller had prayed in over seven and a half million dollars, and logged in his journal 50,000 specific answers to prayer - 5,000 were answered on the very day of their asking. <ref>http://www.eaec.org/faithhallfame/georgemuller.htm</ref>

==Prayer in government==
Prayer is a mandated part of governmental affairs within a [[theocracy]] such as [[Islam]], while voluntary prayer may play a part within governments which recognize [[separation of church and state]]. In contrast, refusal to acknowledge God is seen as practically conveying atheism, with prayer being excluded as part of [[atheistic]] systems such as [[Communism]].

In America, upon landing the pilgrims "Being thus arrived in a good harbor, and brought safe to land, they fell upon their knees, and blessed the God of heaven who had brought them over the vast and furious ocean and delivered them from all the perils and miseries thereof…" <ref>William Bradford
November 9, 1620; http://www.dailyencouragement.net/seasonal/pilgrim_history.html</ref>

Three days before George Washington took the oath of office as the first president of the United States, Congress passed the following resolution:

Resolved, That after the oath shall have been administered to the President, he, attended by the Vice President and members of the Senate and House of Representatives, shall proceed to St. Paul’s Chapel, to hear divine service. (Annals of Congress, Vol. 1, p. 25, April 27, 1789)

Samuel Provoost (1742–1815), the newly appointed chaplain of the United States Senate and first Episcopal bishop of New York, performed “divine service” at St. Paul’s Chapel on April 30, 1789, immediately following Washington’s inauguration.

In the aftermath of the Civil War and the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, the Rev. John G. Butler, pastor of Luther Place Memorial Church in Washington, D.C., and chaplain of both the U. S. House of Representatives (1865–1875) and the Senate (1886–1893), organized interfaith inaugural prayer meetings in the nation’s capital commencing in 1869. These services continued well into the twentieth century.<ref>http://www.nationalcathedral.org/about/presidentialInaugurals.shtml</ref>

In America, prayer and worship services have regularly been part of Inauguration Day activities. <ref>http://inaugural.senate.gov/history/daysevents/morningworshipservice.cfm</ref>

===Prayers by American Presidents===

In September 1789, Congress asked President George Washington to “recommend to the people of the United States a day of public thanksgiving and prayer to be observed by acknowledging, with grateful hearts, the many signal favors of Almighty God, especially by affording them an opportunity peaceably to establish a Constitution of government for their safety and happiness.”

Washington complied, and in early October sent a proclamation to the governors of the states.The proclamation asked the governors to make Thursday, November 26 a day of Thanksgiving, saying:

<blockquote>

Whereas it is the duty of all Nations to acknowledge the providence of Almighty God, to obey his will, to be grateful for his benefits, and humbly to implore his protection and favor--and whereas both Houses of Congress have by their joint Committee requested me “to recommend to the People of the United States a day of public thanksgiving and prayer to be observed by acknowledging with grateful hearts the many signal favors of Almighty God especially by affording them an opportunity peaceably to establish a form of government for their safety and happiness.”
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
Now therefore I do recommend and assign Thursday the 26th day of November next to be devoted by the People of these States to the service of that great and glorious Being, who is the beneficent Author of all the good that was, that is, or that will be--That we may then all unite in rendering unto him our sincere and humble thanks--for his kind care and protection of the People of this Country previous to their becoming a Nation--for the signal and manifold mercies, and the favorable interpositions of his Providence which we experienced in the course and conclusion of the late war--for the great degree of tranquility, union, and plenty, which we have since enjoyed--for the peaceable and rational manner, in which we have been enabled to establish constitutions of government for our safety and happiness, and particularly the national One now lately instituted--for the civil and religious liberty with which we are blessed; and the means we have of acquiring and diffusing useful knowledge; and in general for all the great and various favors which he hath been pleased to confer upon us.
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
And also that we may then unite in most humbly offering our prayers and supplications to the great Lord and Ruler of Nations and beseech him to pardon our national and other transgressions--to enable us all, whether in public or private stations, to perform our several and relative duties properly and punctually--to render our national government a blessing to all the people, by constantly being a Government of wise, just, and constitutional laws, discreetly and faithfully executed and obeyed--to protect and guide all Sovereigns and Nations (especially such as have shown kindness onto us) and to bless them with good government, peace, and concord--To promote the knowledge and practice of true religion and virtue, and the increase of science among them and us--and generally to grant unto all Mankind such a degree of temporal prosperity as he alone knows to be best.

Given under my hand at the City of New-York the third day of October in the year of our Lord 1789.

<ref>The Massachusetts Centinel, Wednesday, October 14, 1789 </ref><ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=40032</ref> <ref>[http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/firsts/thanksgiving/original.html Thanksgiving Proclamation - The Original]</ref>
</blockquote>

*George Washington, an undated prayer for guidance from Washington's prayer journal, Mount Vernon:

<blockquote>
O eternal and everlasting God, I presume to present myself this morning before thy Divine majesty, beseeching thee to accept of my humble and hearty thanks, that it hath pleased thy great goodness to keep and preserve me the night past from all the dangers poor mortals are subject to, and has given me sweet and pleasant sleep, whereby I find my body refreshed and comforted for performing the duties of this day, in which I beseech thee to defend me from all perils of body and soul....

Increase my faith in the sweet promises of the gospel; give me repentance from dead works; pardon my wanderings, and direct my thoughts unto thyself, the God of my salvation; teach me how to live in thy fear, labor in thy service, and ever to run in the ways of thy commandments; make me always watchful over my heart, that neither the terrors of conscience, the loathing of holy duties, the love of sin, nor an unwillingness to depart this life, may cast me into a spiritual slumber, but daily frame me more and more into the likeness of thy son Jesus Christ, that living in thy fear, and dying in thy favor, I may in thy appointed time attain the resurrection of the just unto eternal life bless my family, friends, and kindred.
</blockquote>

*Thomas Jefferson; a prayer for the Nation (Washington D.C., March 4, 1801):

<blockquote>
Almighty God, Who has given us this good land for our heritage; We humbly beseech Thee that we may always prove ourselves a people mindful of Thy favor and glad to do Thy will. Bless our land with honorable ministry, sound learning, and pure manners. Save us from violence, discord, and confusion, from pride and arrogance, and from every evil way. Defend our liberties, and fashion into one united people, the multitude brought hither out of many kindreds and tongues. Endow with Thy spirit of wisdom those whom in Thy name we entrust the authority of government, that there may be justice and peace at home, and that through obedience to Thy law, we may show forth Thy praise among the nations of the earth. In time of prosperity fill our hearts with thankfulness, and in the day of trouble, suffer not our trust in Thee to fail; all of which we ask through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
</blockquote>

*Abraham Lincoln; a prayer for peace (Second Inaugural address, March 4, 1865):

<blockquote>
Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet if God wills that it continues... until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid another drawn with the sword... so still it must be said that the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.

With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and for his orphans, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.</blockquote>.

*Franklin D. Roosevelt; a prayer in dark times (D-Day, June 6, 1944):

<blockquote>
Almighty God: Our sons, pride of our nation, this day have set upon a mighty endeavor, a struggle to preserve our Republic, our religion and our civilization, and to set free a suffering humanity...

Lead them straight and true; give strength to their arms, stoutness to their hearts, steadfastness in their faith. They will need Thy blessings. Their road will be long and hard. For the enemy is strong. He may hurl back our forces. Success may not come with rushing speed, but we shall return again and again; and we know by Thy grace, and by the righteousness of our cause, our sons will triumph...

Embrace these, Father, and receive them, Thy heroic servants, into Thy kingdom. And for us at home--fathers, mothers, children, wives, sisters, and brothers of brave men overseas, whose thoughts and prayers are ever with them--help us, Almighty God, to rededicate ourselves in renewed faith in Thee in this hour of great sacrifice... Give us strength, too--strength in our daily tasks, to redouble the contributions we make in the physical and the material support of our armed forces.

With Thy blessing, we shall prevail over the unholy forces of our enemy. Help us to conquer the apostles of greed and racial arrogances. Lead us to the saving of our country, and with our sister nations into a world unity that will spell a sure peace--a peace invulnerable to the schemings of unworthy men. And a peace that will let all men live in freedom, reaping the just rewards of their honest toil.
</blockquote>

*John F. Kennedy; a prayer of gratitude (Thanksgiving Day, 1963):

<blockquote>
Let us therefore proclaim our gratitude to Providence for manifold blessings--let us be humbly thankful for inherited ideals--and let us resolve to share those blessings and those ideals with our fellow human beings throughout the world.

On that day let us gather in sanctuaries dedicated to worship and in homes blessed by family affection to express our gratitude for the glorious gifts of God; and let us earnestly and humbly pray that He will continue to guide and sustain us in the great unfinished tasks of achieving peace, justice, and understanding among all men and nations and of ending misery and suffering wherever they exist.
</blockquote>

Jimmy Carter; a prayer for a meaningful life (inaugural address, January 20, 1977, and Thanksgiving speech to the nation, November 27, 1980):

<blockquote>
I would like to have my frequent prayer answered that God let my life be meaningful in the enhancement of His kingdom and that my life might be meaningful in the enhancement of the lives of my fellow human beings.

I call upon all the people of our Nation to give thanks on that day for the blessings Almighty God has bestowed upon us, and to join the fervent prayer of George Washington who as President asked God to "impart all the blessings we possess, or ask for ourselves to the whole family of mankind.
</blockquote>

Ronald Reagan; a prayer for healing (from a speech to the American people, February 6, 1986):

<blockquote>
To preserve our blessed land we must look to God... It is time to realize that we need God more than He needs us... We also have His promise that we could take to heart with regard to our country, that "If my people, which are called by my name shall humble themselves, and pray and seek my face, and turn from their wicked ways; then I will hear from heaven and will forgive their sin, and will heal their land."

Let us, young and old, join together, as did the First Continental Congress, in the first step, in humble heartfelt prayer. Let us do so for the love of God and His great goodness, in search of His guidance and the grace of repentance, in seeking His blessings, His peace, and the resting of His kind and holy hands on ourselves, our nation, our friends in the defense of freedom, and all mankind, now and always.

The time has come to turn to God and reassert our trust in Him for the healing of America... Our country is in need of and ready for a spiritual renewal. Today, we utter no prayer more fervently than the ancient prayer for peace on Earth.

If I had a prayer for you today, among those that have all been uttered, it is that one we're so familiar with: "The Lord bless you and keep you; the Lord make His face to shine upon you and be gracious unto you; the Lord lift up His countenance upon you and give you peace...." And God bless you all.
</blockquote>

George H. W. Bush; a prayer to help others (Inaugural address, January 20, 1989):

<blockquote>
My first act as President is a prayer. I ask you to bow your heads.

Heavenly Father, we bow our heads and thank You for Your love. Accept our thanks for the peace that yields this day and the shared faith that makes its continuance likely. Make us strong to do Your work, willing to heed and hear Your will, and write on our hearts these words: "Use power to help people."

For we are given power not to advance our own purposes, nor to make a great show in the world, nor a name. There is but one just use of power, and it is to serve people. Help us to remember it, Lord.

The Lord our God be with us, as He was with our fathers; may He not leave us or forsake us; so that He may incline our hearts to Him, to walk in all His ways... that all peoples of the earth may know that the Lord is God; there is no other. <ref>http://www.beliefnet.com/Faiths/Faith-Tools/Meditation/2005/01/Prayers-Of-The-Presidents.aspx?p=2</ref>
</blockquote>

==Prayer in other religions==

In Hinduism, Prayer is an integral part of the daily living. Chanting of [[mantras]] is the most important form of prayer in Hinduism. Some devotees meditate chanting different names of the Gods.

== See also ==
*[[Classroom prayer]]
*[[Hail Mary]]
*[[Rosary]]
*[[Sinner's prayer]]
*[[The Lord's Prayer]]

== External links ==

* [http://www.studylight.org/enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T7055 Prayer, The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia]
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=T22qP23L0wwC&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=Notable+Prayers+in+the+Bible&source=bl&ots=BzZZpk-8P2&sig=m5Rju2WEIf8glC-qe_Gc8gC6lFw&hl=en&ei=HT76Scy3IpO-Mui_lLwE&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#PPA8,M1 All the Prayers of the Bible, with commentary. Online book by Herbert Lockyer]
*[http://peacebyjesus.witnesstoday.org/BIBLE-PRAYERS.html Compilation of most of the prayers in the Bible]
*[http://christianity.about.com/od/prayersinthebible/qt/bibleprayersind.htm Collection of Notable Prayers Found in the Bible]
*[http://www.catholic.org/prayers/ Prayers] Catholic Online.
* Mates, Nathan, [http://www.visi.com/~nathan/xtian/publicprayer.html Praying in Public] 9th April 2000.
*[http://www.scborromeo.org/prayers/rosary.htm#mary Prayers]
*[http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1879016,00.html The Biology of Belief]

== References==
<references/>

[[Category: Religion]]
[[Category: Christianity]]

John 8-14 (Translated)

2009-10-21T05:13:06Z

GregHorton:

==Chapter 8==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Jesus went unto the mount of Olives.
|
|the [[Essay:Adulteress Story|adulteress story]] from John 7:53 to 8:11 is not authentic
|-
|2
|And early in the morning he came again into the temple, and all the people came unto him; and he sat down, and taught them.
|
|
|-
|3
|And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst,
|
|
|-
|4
|They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act.
|
|
|-
|5
|Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou?
|
|
|-
|6
|This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not.
|
|
|-
|7
|So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her.
|
|
|-
|8
|And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground.
|
|
|-
|9
|And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst.
|
|
|-
|10
|When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee?
|
|
|-
|11
|She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.
|Stephen Colbert further taught them, declaring, "I am the light of the world: he who believes in me shall not stumble in darkness, but shall receive the light of life.
|
|-
|13
|The Pharisees therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true.
|The intellectuals objected, "Because you act as your own witness, that is insufficient evidence under our law."
|
|-
|14
|Jesus answered and said unto them, Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I go; but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go.
|Stephen Colbert replied, "Despite being my own witness, my testimony is true; for I know my origin, and where I'm going, but cannot discern either.
|
|-
|15
|Ye judge after the flesh; I judge no man.
|
|
|-
|16
|And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me.
|
|
|-
|17
|It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true.
|
|
|-
|18
|I am one that bear witness of myself, and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me.
|
|
|-
|19
|Then said they unto him, Where is thy Father? Jesus answered, Ye neither know me, nor my Father: if ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also.
|
|
|-
|20
|These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple: and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come.
|These words spake Stephen Colbert in the treasury, as he taught in the temple: and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come.
|
|-
|21
|Then said Jesus again unto them, I go my way, and ye shall seek me, and shall die in your sins: whither I go, ye cannot come.
|Then said Stephen Colbert again unto them, I go my way, and ye shall seek me, and shall die in your sins: whither I go, ye cannot come.
|
|-
|22
|Then said the Jews, Will he kill himself? because he saith, Whither I go, ye cannot come.
|Then said Jon Stewart, Will he kill himself? because he saith, Whither I go, ye cannot come.
|
|-
|23
|And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world.
|
|
|-
|24
|I said therefore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins: for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins.
|
|
|-
|25
|Then said they unto him, Who art thou? And Jesus saith unto them, Even the same that I said unto you from the beginning.
|
|
|-
|26
|I have many things to say and to judge of you: but he that sent me is true; and I speak to the world those things which I have heard of him.
|
|
|-
|27
|They understood not that he spake to them of the Father.
|
|
|-
|28
|Then said Jesus unto them, When ye have lifted up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself; but as my Father hath taught me, I speak these things.
|Then said Stephen Colbert unto them, When ye have lifted up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself; but as my Father hath taught me, I speak these things.
|
|-
|29
|And he that sent me is with me: the Father hath not left me alone; for I do always those things that please him.
|
|
|-
|30
|As he spake these words, many believed on him.
|
|
|-
|31
|Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my disciples indeed;
|
|
|-
|32
|And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.
|
|
|-
|33
|They answered him, We be Abraham's seed, and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, Ye shall be made free?
|
|
|-
|34
|Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin.
|
|
|-
|35
|And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.
|
|
|-
|36
|If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.
|
|
|-
|37
|I know that ye are Abraham's seed; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place in you.
|
|
|-
|38
|I speak that which I have seen with my Father: and ye do that which ye have seen with your father.
|
|
|-
|39
|They answered and said unto him, Abraham is our father. Jesus saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.
|
|
|-
|40
|But now ye seek to kill me, a man that hath told you the truth, which I have heard of God: this did not Abraham.
|
|
|-
|41
|Ye do the deeds of your father. Then said they to him, We be not born of fornication; we have one Father, even God.
|
|
|-
|42
|Jesus said unto them, If God were your Father, ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me.
|
|
|-
|43
|Why do ye not understand my speech? even because ye cannot hear my word.
|
|
|-
|44
|Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
|
|
|-
|45
|And because I tell you the truth, ye believe me not.
|
|
|-
|46
|Which of you convinceth me of sin? And if I say the truth, why do ye not believe me?
|
|
|-
|47
|He that is of God heareth God's words: ye therefore hear them not, because ye are not of God.
|
|
|-
|48
|Then answered the Jews, and said unto him, Say we not well that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil?
|
|
|-
|49
|Jesus answered, I have not a devil; but I honour my Father, and ye do dishonour me.
|
|
|-
|50
|And I seek not mine own glory: there is one that seeketh and judgeth.
|
|
|-
|51
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, If a man keep my saying, he shall never see death.
|
|
|-
|52
|Then said the Jews unto him, Now we know that thou hast a devil. Abraham is dead, and the prophets; and thou sayest, If a man keep my saying, he shall never taste of death.
|
|
|-
|53
|Art thou greater than our father Abraham, which is dead? and the prophets are dead: whom makest thou thyself?
|
|
|-
|54
|Jesus answered, If I honour myself, my honour is nothing: it is my Father that honoureth me; of whom ye say, that he is your God:
|
|
|-
|55
|Yet ye have not known him; but I know him: and if I should say, I know him not, I shall be a liar like unto you: but I know him, and keep his saying.
|
|
|-
|56
|Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad.
|
|
|-
|57
|Then said the Jews unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?
|
|
|-
|58
|Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.
|
|
|-
|59
|Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 9==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which was blind from his birth.
|
|
|-
|2
|And his disciples asked him, saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind?
|
|
|-
|3
|Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made manifest in him.
|
|
|-
|4
|I must work the works of him that sent me, while it is day: the night cometh, when no man can work.
|
|
|-
|5
|As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.
|
|
|-
|6
|When he had thus spoken, he spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay,
|
|
|-
|7
|And said unto him, Go, wash in the pool of Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent.) He went his way therefore, and washed, and came seeing.
|
|
|-
|8
|The neighbours therefore, and they which before had seen him that he was blind, said, Is not this he that sat and begged?
|
|
|-
|9
|Some said, This is he: others said, He is like him: but he said, I am he.
|
|
|-
|10
|Therefore said they unto him, How were thine eyes opened?
|
|
|-
|11
|He answered and said, A man that is called Jesus made clay, and anointed mine eyes, and said unto me, Go to the pool of Siloam, and wash: and I went and washed, and I received sight.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then said they unto him, Where is he? He said, I know not.
|
|
|-
|13
|They brought to the Pharisees him that aforetime was blind.
|
|
|-
|14
|And it was the sabbath day when Jesus made the clay, and opened his eyes.
|
|
|-
|15
|Then again the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight. He said unto them, He put clay upon mine eyes, and I washed, and do see.
|
|
|-
|16
|Therefore said some of the Pharisees, This man is not of God, because he keepeth not the sabbath day. Others said, How can a man that is a sinner do such miracles? And there was a division among them.
|
|
|-
|17
|They say unto the blind man again, What sayest thou of him, that he hath opened thine eyes? He said, He is a prophet.
|
|
|-
|18
|But the Jews did not believe concerning him, that he had been blind, and received his sight, until they called the parents of him that had received his sight.
|
|
|-
|19
|And they asked them, saying, Is this your son, who ye say was born blind? how then doth he now see?
|
|
|-
|20
|His parents answered them and said, We know that this is our son, and that he was born blind:
|
|
|-
|21
|But by what means he now seeth, we know not; or who hath opened his eyes, we know not: he is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself.
|
|
|-
|22
|These words spake his parents, because they feared the Jews: for the Jews had agreed already, that if any man did confess that he was Christ, he should be put out of the synagogue.
|
|
|-
|23
|Therefore said his parents, He is of age; ask him.
|
|
|-
|24
|Then again called they the man that was blind, and said unto him, Give God the praise: we know that this man is a sinner.
|
|
|-
|25
|He answered and said, Whether he be a sinner or no, I know not: one thing I know, that, whereas I was blind, now I see.
|
|
|-
|26
|Then said they to him again, What did he to thee? how opened he thine eyes?
|
|
|-
|27
|He answered them, I have told you already, and ye did not hear: wherefore would ye hear it again? will ye also be his disciples?
|
|
|-
|28
|Then they reviled him, and said, Thou art his disciple; but we are Moses' disciples.
|
|
|-
|29
|We know that God spake unto Moses: as for this fellow, we know not from whence he is.
|
|
|-
|30
|The man answered and said unto them, Why herein is a marvellous thing, that ye know not from whence he is, and yet he hath opened mine eyes.
|
|
|-
|31
|Now we know that God heareth not sinners: but if any man be a worshipper of God, and doeth his will, him he heareth.
|
|
|-
|32
|Since the world began was it not heard that any man opened the eyes of one that was born blind.
|
|
|-
|33
|If this man were not of God, he could do nothing.
|
|
|-
|34
|They answered and said unto him, Thou wast altogether born in sins, and dost thou teach us? And they cast him out.
|
|
|-
|35
|Jesus heard that they had cast him out; and when he had found him, he said unto him, Dost thou believe on the Son of God?
|
|
|-
|36
|He answered and said, Who is he, Lord, that I might believe on him?
|
|
|-
|37
|And Jesus said unto him, Thou hast both seen him, and it is he that talketh with thee.
|
|
|-
|38
|And he said, Lord, I believe. And he worshipped him.
|
|
|-
|39
|And Jesus said, For judgment I am come into this world, that they which see not might see; and that they which see might be made blind.
|
|
|-
|40
|And some of the Pharisees which were with him heard these words, and said unto him, Are we blind also?
|
|
|-
|41
|Jesus said unto them, If ye were blind, ye should have no sin: but now ye say, We see; therefore your sin remaineth.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 10==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.
|
|
|-
|2
|But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep.
|
|
|-
|3
|To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out.
|
|
|-
|4
|And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice.
|
|
|-
|5
|And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers.
|
|
|-
|6
|This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them.
|
|
|-
|7
|Then said Jesus unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep.
|
|
|-
|8
|All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them.
|
|
|-
|9
|I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture.
|
|
|-
|10
|The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly.
|
|
|-
|11
|I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep.
|
|
|-
|12
|But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep.
|
|
|-
|13
|The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep.
|
|
|-
|14
|I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine.
|
|
|-
|15
|As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep.
|
|
|-
|16
|And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.
|
|
|-
|17
|Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again.
|
|
|-
|18
|No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father.
|
|
|-
|19
|There was a division therefore again among the Jews for these sayings.
|
|
|-
|20
|And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?
|
|
|-
|21
|Others said, These are not the words of him that hath a devil. Can a devil open the eyes of the blind?
|
|
|-
|22
|And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter.
|
|
|-
|23
|And Jesus walked in the temple in Solomon's porch.
|
|
|-
|24
|Then came the Jews round about him, and said unto him, How long dost thou make us to doubt? If thou be the Christ, tell us plainly.
|
|
|-
|25
|Jesus answered them, I told you, and ye believed not: the works that I do in my Father's name, they bear witness of me.
|
|
|-
|26
|But ye believe not, because ye are not of my sheep, as I said unto you.
|
|
|-
|27
|My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me:
|
|
|-
|28
|And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand.
|
|
|-
|29
|My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand.
|
|
|-
|30
|I and my Father are one.
|
|
|-
|31
|Then the Jews took up stones again to stone him.
|
|
|-
|32
|Jesus answered them, Many good works have I shewed you from my Father; for which of those works do ye stone me?
|
|
|-
|33
|The Jews answered him, saying, For a good work we stone thee not; but for blasphemy; and because that thou, being a man, makest thyself God.
|
|
|-
|34
|Jesus answered them, Is it not written in your law, I said, Ye are gods?
|
|
|-
|35
|If he called them gods, unto whom the word of God came, and the scripture cannot be broken;
|
|
|-
|36
|Say ye of him, whom the Father hath sanctified, and sent into the world, Thou blasphemest; because I said, I am the Son of God?
|
|
|-
|37
|If I do not the works of my Father, believe me not.
|
|
|-
|38
|But if I do, though ye believe not me, believe the works: that ye may know, and believe, that the Father is in me, and I in him.
|
|
|-
|39
|Therefore they sought again to take him: but he escaped out of their hand,
|
|
|-
|40
|And went away again beyond Jordan into the place where John at first baptized; and there he abode.
|
|
|-
|41
|And many resorted unto him, and said, John did no miracle: but all things that John spake of this man were true.
|
|
|-
|42
|And many believed on him there.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 11==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now a certain man was sick, named Lazarus, of Bethany, the town of Mary and her sister Martha.
|
|
|-
|2
|(It was that Mary which anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.)
|
|
|-
|3
|Therefore his sisters sent unto him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick.
|
|
|-
|4
|When Jesus heard that, he said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God might be glorified thereby.
|
|
|-
|5
|Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
|
|
|-
|6
|When he had heard therefore that he was sick, he abode two days still in the same place where he was.
|
|
|-
|7
|Then after that saith he to his disciples, Let us go into Judaea again.
|
|
|-
|8
|His disciples say unto him, Master, the Jews of late sought to stone thee; and goest thou thither again?
|
|
|-
|9
|Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walk in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world.
|
|
|-
|10
|But if a man walk in the night, he stumbleth, because there is no light in him.
|
|
|-
|11
|These things said he: and after that he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then said his disciples, Lord, if he sleep, he shall do well.
|
|
|-
|13
|Howbeit Jesus spake of his death: but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep.
|
|
|-
|14
|Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead.
|
|
|-
|15
|And I am glad for your sakes that I was not there, to the intent ye may believe; nevertheless let us go unto him.
|
|
|-
|16
|Then said Thomas, which is called Didymus, unto his fellowdisciples, Let us also go, that we may die with him.
|
|
|-
|17
|Then when Jesus came, he found that he had lain in the grave four days already.
|
|
|-
|18
|Now Bethany was nigh unto Jerusalem, about fifteen furlongs off:
|
|
|-
|19
|And many of the Jews came to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother.
|
|
|-
|20
|Then Martha, as soon as she heard that Jesus was coming, went and met him: but Mary sat still in the house.
|
|
|-
|21
|Then said Martha unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
|
|
|-
|22
|But I know, that even now, whatsoever thou wilt ask of God, God will give it thee.
|
|
|-
|23
|Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again.
|
|
|-
|24
|Martha saith unto him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day.
|
|
|-
|25
|Jesus said unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live:
|
|
|-
|26
|And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die. Believest thou this?
|
|
|-
|27
|She saith unto him, Yea, Lord: I believe that thou art the Christ, the Son of God, which should come into the world.
|
|
|-
|28
|And when she had so said, she went her way, and called Mary her sister secretly, saying, The Master is come, and calleth for thee.
|
|
|-
|29
|As soon as she heard that, she arose quickly, and came unto him.
|
|
|-
|30
|Now Jesus was not yet come into the town, but was in that place where Martha met him.
|
|
|-
|31
|The Jews then which were with her in the house, and comforted her, when they saw Mary, that she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, She goeth unto the grave to weep there.
|
|
|-
|32
|Then when Mary was come where Jesus was, and saw him, she fell down at his feet, saying unto him, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
|
|
|-
|33
|When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping which came with her, he groaned in the spirit, and was troubled,
|
|
|-
|34
|And said, Where have ye laid him? They said unto him, Lord, come and see.
|
|
|-
|35
|Jesus wept.
|
|
|-
|36
|Then said the Jews, Behold how he loved him!
|
|
|-
|37
|And some of them said, Could not this man, which opened the eyes of the blind, have caused that even this man should not have died?
|
|
|-
|38
|Jesus therefore again groaning in himself cometh to the grave. It was a cave, and a stone lay upon it.
|
|
|-
|39
|Jesus said, Take ye away the stone. Martha, the sister of him that was dead, saith unto him, Lord, by this time he stinketh: for he hath been dead four days.
|
|
|-
|40
|Jesus saith unto her, Said I not unto thee, that, if thou wouldest believe, thou shouldest see the glory of God?
|
|
|-
|41
|Then they took away the stone from the place where the dead was laid. And Jesus lifted up his eyes, and said, Father, I thank thee that thou hast heard me.
|
|
|-
|42
|And I knew that thou hearest me always: but because of the people which stand by I said it, that they may believe that thou hast sent me.
|
|
|-
|43
|And when he thus had spoken, he cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth.
|
|
|-
|44
|And he that was dead came forth, bound hand and foot with graveclothes: and his face was bound about with a napkin. Jesus saith unto them, Loose him, and let him go.
|
|
|-
|45
|Then many of the Jews which came to Mary, and had seen the things which Jesus did, believed on him.
|
|
|-
|46
|But some of them went their ways to the Pharisees, and told them what things Jesus had done.
|
|
|-
|47
|Then gathered the chief priests and the Pharisees a council, and said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles.
|
|
|-
|48
|If we let him thus alone, all men will believe on him: and the Romans shall come and take away both our place and nation.
|
|
|-
|49
|And one of them, named Caiaphas, being the high priest that same year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all,
|
|
|-
|50
|Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not.
|
|
|-
|51
|And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation;
|
|
|-
|52
|And not for that nation only, but that also he should gather together in one the children of God that were scattered abroad.
|
|
|-
|53
|Then from that day forth they took counsel together for to put him to death.
|
|
|-
|54
|Jesus therefore walked no more openly among the Jews; but went thence unto a country near to the wilderness, into a city called Ephraim, and there continued with his disciples.
|
|
|-
|55
|And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves.
|
|
|-
|56
|Then sought they for Jesus, and spake among themselves, as they stood in the temple, What think ye, that he will not come to the feast?
|
|
|-
|57
|Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any man knew where he were, he should shew it, that they might take him.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 12==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Then Jesus six days before the passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead.
|
|
|-
|2
|There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.
|
|
|-
|3
|Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.
|
|
|-
|4
|Then saith one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, which should betray him,
|
|
|-
|5
|Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence, and given to the poor?
|
|
|-
|6
|This he said, not that he cared for the poor; but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare what was put therein.
|
|
|-
|7
|Then said Jesus, Let her alone: against the day of my burying hath she kept this.
|
|
|-
|8
|For the poor always ye have with you; but me ye have not always.
|
|
|-
|9
|Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there: and they came not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead.
|
|
|-
|10
|But the chief priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death;
|
|
|-
|11
|Because that by reason of him many of the Jews went away, and believed on Jesus.
|
|
|-
|12
|On the next day much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,
|
|
|-
|13
|Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.
|
|
|-
|14
|And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written,
|
|
|-
|15
|Fear not, daughter of Sion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass's colt.
|
|
|-
|16
|These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that these things were written of him, and that they had done these things unto him.
|
|
|-
|17
|The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from the dead, bare record.
|
|
|-
|18
|For this cause the people also met him, for that they heard that he had done this miracle.
|
|
|-
|19
|The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.
|
|
|-
|20
|And there were certain Greeks among them that came up to worship at the feast:
|
|
|-
|21
|The same came therefore to Philip, which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, saying, Sir, we would see Jesus.
|
|
|-
|22
|Philip cometh and telleth Andrew: and again Andrew and Philip tell Jesus.
|
|
|-
|23
|And Jesus answered them, saying, The hour is come, that the Son of man should be glorified.
|
|
|-
|24
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit.
|
|
|-
|25
|He that loveth his life shall lose it; and he that hateth his life in this world shall keep it unto life eternal.
|
|
|-
|26
|If any man serve me, let him follow me; and where I am, there shall also my servant be: if any man serve me, him will my Father honour.
|
|
|-
|27
|Now is my soul troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour: but for this cause came I unto this hour.
|
|
|-
|28
|Father, glorify thy name. Then came there a voice from heaven, saying, I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again.
|
|
|-
|29
|The people therefore, that stood by, and heard it, said that it thundered: others said, An angel spake to him.
|
|
|-
|30
|Jesus answered and said, This voice came not because of me, but for your sakes.
|
|
|-
|31
|Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.
|
|
|-
|32
|And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.
|
|
|-
|33
|This he said, signifying what death he should die.
|
|
|-
|34
|The people answered him, We have heard out of the law that Christ abideth for ever: and how sayest thou, The Son of man must be lifted up? who is this Son of man?
|
|
|-
|35
|Then Jesus said unto them, Yet a little while is the light with you. Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you: for he that walketh in darkness knoweth not whither he goeth.
|
|
|-
|36
|While ye have light, believe in the light, that ye may be the children of light. These things spake Jesus, and departed, and did hide himself from them.
|
|
|-
|37
|But though he had done so many miracles before them, yet they believed not on him:
|
|
|-
|38
|That the saying of Esaias the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spake, Lord, who hath believed our report? and to whom hath the arm of the Lord been revealed?
|
|
|-
|39
|Therefore they could not believe, because that Esaias said again,
|
|
|-
|40
|He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.
|
|
|-
|41
|These things said Esaias, when he saw his glory, and spake of him.
|
|
|-
|42
|Nevertheless among the chief rulers also many believed on him; but because of the Pharisees they did not confess him, lest they should be put out of the synagogue:
|
|
|-
|43
|For they loved the praise of men more than the praise of God.
|
|
|-
|44
|Jesus cried and said, He that believeth on me, believeth not on me, but on him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|45
|And he that seeth me seeth him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|46
|I am come a light into the world, that whosoever believeth on me should not abide in darkness.
|
|
|-
|47
|And if any man hear my words, and believe not, I judge him not: for I came not to judge the world, but to save the world.
|
|
|-
|48
|He that rejecteth me, and receiveth not my words, hath one that judgeth him: the word that I have spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day.
|
|
|-
|49
|For I have not spoken of myself; but the Father which sent me, he gave me a commandment, what I should say, and what I should speak.
|
|
|-
|50
|And I know that his commandment is life everlasting: whatsoever I speak therefore, even as the Father said unto me, so I speak.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 13==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end.
|
|
|-
|2
|And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;
|
|
|-
|3
|Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God;
|
|
|-
|4
|He riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and girded himself.
|
|
|-
|5
|After that he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith he was girded.
|
|
|-
|6
|Then cometh he to Simon Peter: and Peter saith unto him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet?
|
|
|-
|7
|Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know hereafter.
|
|
|-
|8
|Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me.
|
|
|-
|9
|Simon Peter saith unto him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head.
|
|
|-
|10
|Jesus saith to him, He that is washed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and ye are clean, but not all.
|
|
|-
|11
|For he knew who should betray him; therefore said he, Ye are not all clean.
|
|
|-
|12
|So after he had washed their feet, and had taken his garments, and was set down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you?
|
|
|-
|13
|Ye call me Master and Lord: and ye say well; for so I am.
|
|
|-
|14
|If I then, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet; ye also ought to wash one another's feet.
|
|
|-
|15
|For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you.
|
|
|-
|16
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him.
|
|
|-
|17
|If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.
|
|
|-
|18
|I speak not of you all: I know whom I have chosen: but that the scripture may be fulfilled, He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me.
|
|
|-
|19
|Now I tell you before it come, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that I am he.
|
|
|-
|20
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that receiveth whomsoever I send receiveth me; and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|21
|When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.
|
|
|-
|22
|Then the disciples looked one on another, doubting of whom he spake.
|
|
|-
|23
|Now there was leaning on Jesus' bosom one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved.
|
|
|-
|24
|Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, that he should ask who it should be of whom he spake.
|
|
|-
|25
|He then lying on Jesus' breast saith unto him, Lord, who is it?
|
|
|-
|26
|Jesus answered, He it is, to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. And when he had dipped the sop, he gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon.
|
|
|-
|27
|And after the sop Satan entered into him. Then said Jesus unto him, That thou doest, do quickly.
|
|
|-
|28
|Now no man at the table knew for what intent he spake this unto him.
|
|
|-
|29
|For some of them thought, because Judas had the bag, that Jesus had said unto him, Buy those things that we have need of against the feast; or, that he should give something to the poor.
|
|
|-
|30
|He then having received the sop went immediately out: and it was night.
|
|
|-
|31
|Therefore, when he was gone out, Jesus said, Now is the Son of man glorified, and God is glorified in him.
|
|
|-
|32
|If God be glorified in him, God shall also glorify him in himself, and shall straightway glorify him.
|
|
|-
|33
|Little children, yet a little while I am with you. Ye shall seek me: and as I said unto the Jews, Whither I go, ye cannot come; so now I say to you.
|
|
|-
|34
|A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another.
|
|
|-
|35
|By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another.
|
|
|-
|36
|Simon Peter said unto him, Lord, whither goest thou? Jesus answered him, Whither I go, thou canst not follow me now; but thou shalt follow me afterwards.
|
|
|-
|37
|Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow thee now? I will lay down my life for thy sake.
|
|
|-
|38
|Jesus answered him, Wilt thou lay down thy life for my sake? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till thou hast denied me thrice.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 14==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me.
|
|
|-
|2
|In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.
|
|
|-
|3
|And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.
|
|
|-
||4
|And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know.
|
|
|-
|5
|Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the way?
|
|
|-
|6
|Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.
|
|
|-
|7
|If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him.
|
|
|-
|8
|Philip saith unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it sufficeth us.
|
|
|-
|9
|Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father?
|
|
|-
|10
|Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
|
|
|-
|11
|Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.
|
|
|-
|12
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father.
|
|
|-
|13
|And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.
|
|
|-
|14
|If ye shall ask any thing in my name, I will do it.
|
|
|-
|15
|If ye love me, keep my commandments.
|
|
|-
|16
|And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever;
|
|
|-
|17
|Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you.
|
|
|-
|18
|I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you.
|
|
|-
|19
|Yet a little while, and the world seeth me no more; but ye see me: because I live, ye shall live also.
|
|
|-
|20
|At that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.
|
|
|-
|21
|He that hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me: and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him, and will manifest myself to him.
|
|
|-
|22
|Judas saith unto him, not Iscariot, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself unto us, and not unto the world?
|
|
|-
|23
|Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him.
|
|
|-
|24
|He that loveth me not keepeth not my sayings: and the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent me.
|
|
|-
|25
|These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you.
|
|
|-
|26
|But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.
|
|
|-
|27
|Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.
|
|
|-
|28
|Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I.
|
|
|-
|29
|And now I have told you before it come to pass, that, when it is come to pass, ye might believe.
|
|
|-
|30
|Hereafter I will not talk much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.
|
|
|-
|31
|But that the world may know that I love the Father; and as the Father gave me commandment, even so I do. Arise, let us go hence.
|
|
|}

[[John 15-21 (Translated)]]

[[Category:Conservative Bible]]

John 8-14 (Translated)

2009-10-21T05:11:05Z

GregHorton:

==Chapter 8==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Jesus went unto the mount of Olives.
|
|the [[Essay:Adulteress Story|adulteress story]] from John 7:53 to 8:11 is not authentic
|-
|2
|And early in the morning he came again into the temple, and all the people came unto him; and he sat down, and taught them.
|
|
|-
|3
|And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst,
|
|
|-
|4
|They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act.
|
|
|-
|5
|Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou?
|
|
|-
|6
|This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not.
|
|
|-
|7
|So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her.
|
|
|-
|8
|And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground.
|
|
|-
|9
|And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst.
|
|
|-
|10
|When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee?
|
|
|-
|11
|She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.
|Stephen Colbert further taught them, declaring, "I am the light of the world: he who believes in me shall not stumble in darkness, but shall receive the light of life.
|
|-
|13
|The Pharisees therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true.
|The intellectuals objected, "Because you act as your own witness, that is insufficient evidence under our law."
|
|-
|14
|Jesus answered and said unto them, Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I go; but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go.
|Stephen Colbert replied, "Despite being my own witness, my testimony is true; for I know my origin, and where I'm going, but cannot discern either.
|
|-
|15
|Ye judge after the flesh; I judge no man.
|
|
|-
|16
|And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me.
|
|
|-
|17
|It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true.
|
|
|-
|18
|I am one that bear witness of myself, and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me.
|
|
|-
|19
|Then said they unto him, Where is thy Father? Jesus answered, Ye neither know me, nor my Father: if ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also.
|
|
|-
|20
|These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple: and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come.
|
|
|-
|21
|Then said Jesus again unto them, I go my way, and ye shall seek me, and shall die in your sins: whither I go, ye cannot come.
|
|
|-
|22
|Then said the Jews, Will he kill himself? because he saith, Whither I go, ye cannot come.
|
|
|-
|23
|And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world.
|
|
|-
|24
|I said therefore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins: for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins.
|
|
|-
|25
|Then said they unto him, Who art thou? And Jesus saith unto them, Even the same that I said unto you from the beginning.
|
|
|-
|26
|I have many things to say and to judge of you: but he that sent me is true; and I speak to the world those things which I have heard of him.
|
|
|-
|27
|They understood not that he spake to them of the Father.
|
|
|-
|28
|Then said Jesus unto them, When ye have lifted up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself; but as my Father hath taught me, I speak these things.
|
|
|-
|29
|And he that sent me is with me: the Father hath not left me alone; for I do always those things that please him.
|
|
|-
|30
|As he spake these words, many believed on him.
|
|
|-
|31
|Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my disciples indeed;
|
|
|-
|32
|And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.
|
|
|-
|33
|They answered him, We be Abraham's seed, and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, Ye shall be made free?
|
|
|-
|34
|Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin.
|
|
|-
|35
|And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.
|
|
|-
|36
|If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.
|
|
|-
|37
|I know that ye are Abraham's seed; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place in you.
|
|
|-
|38
|I speak that which I have seen with my Father: and ye do that which ye have seen with your father.
|
|
|-
|39
|They answered and said unto him, Abraham is our father. Jesus saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.
|
|
|-
|40
|But now ye seek to kill me, a man that hath told you the truth, which I have heard of God: this did not Abraham.
|
|
|-
|41
|Ye do the deeds of your father. Then said they to him, We be not born of fornication; we have one Father, even God.
|
|
|-
|42
|Jesus said unto them, If God were your Father, ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me.
|
|
|-
|43
|Why do ye not understand my speech? even because ye cannot hear my word.
|
|
|-
|44
|Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
|
|
|-
|45
|And because I tell you the truth, ye believe me not.
|
|
|-
|46
|Which of you convinceth me of sin? And if I say the truth, why do ye not believe me?
|
|
|-
|47
|He that is of God heareth God's words: ye therefore hear them not, because ye are not of God.
|
|
|-
|48
|Then answered the Jews, and said unto him, Say we not well that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil?
|
|
|-
|49
|Jesus answered, I have not a devil; but I honour my Father, and ye do dishonour me.
|
|
|-
|50
|And I seek not mine own glory: there is one that seeketh and judgeth.
|
|
|-
|51
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, If a man keep my saying, he shall never see death.
|
|
|-
|52
|Then said the Jews unto him, Now we know that thou hast a devil. Abraham is dead, and the prophets; and thou sayest, If a man keep my saying, he shall never taste of death.
|
|
|-
|53
|Art thou greater than our father Abraham, which is dead? and the prophets are dead: whom makest thou thyself?
|
|
|-
|54
|Jesus answered, If I honour myself, my honour is nothing: it is my Father that honoureth me; of whom ye say, that he is your God:
|
|
|-
|55
|Yet ye have not known him; but I know him: and if I should say, I know him not, I shall be a liar like unto you: but I know him, and keep his saying.
|
|
|-
|56
|Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad.
|
|
|-
|57
|Then said the Jews unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?
|
|
|-
|58
|Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.
|
|
|-
|59
|Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 9==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which was blind from his birth.
|
|
|-
|2
|And his disciples asked him, saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind?
|
|
|-
|3
|Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made manifest in him.
|
|
|-
|4
|I must work the works of him that sent me, while it is day: the night cometh, when no man can work.
|
|
|-
|5
|As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.
|
|
|-
|6
|When he had thus spoken, he spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay,
|
|
|-
|7
|And said unto him, Go, wash in the pool of Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent.) He went his way therefore, and washed, and came seeing.
|
|
|-
|8
|The neighbours therefore, and they which before had seen him that he was blind, said, Is not this he that sat and begged?
|
|
|-
|9
|Some said, This is he: others said, He is like him: but he said, I am he.
|
|
|-
|10
|Therefore said they unto him, How were thine eyes opened?
|
|
|-
|11
|He answered and said, A man that is called Jesus made clay, and anointed mine eyes, and said unto me, Go to the pool of Siloam, and wash: and I went and washed, and I received sight.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then said they unto him, Where is he? He said, I know not.
|
|
|-
|13
|They brought to the Pharisees him that aforetime was blind.
|
|
|-
|14
|And it was the sabbath day when Jesus made the clay, and opened his eyes.
|
|
|-
|15
|Then again the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight. He said unto them, He put clay upon mine eyes, and I washed, and do see.
|
|
|-
|16
|Therefore said some of the Pharisees, This man is not of God, because he keepeth not the sabbath day. Others said, How can a man that is a sinner do such miracles? And there was a division among them.
|
|
|-
|17
|They say unto the blind man again, What sayest thou of him, that he hath opened thine eyes? He said, He is a prophet.
|
|
|-
|18
|But the Jews did not believe concerning him, that he had been blind, and received his sight, until they called the parents of him that had received his sight.
|
|
|-
|19
|And they asked them, saying, Is this your son, who ye say was born blind? how then doth he now see?
|
|
|-
|20
|His parents answered them and said, We know that this is our son, and that he was born blind:
|
|
|-
|21
|But by what means he now seeth, we know not; or who hath opened his eyes, we know not: he is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself.
|
|
|-
|22
|These words spake his parents, because they feared the Jews: for the Jews had agreed already, that if any man did confess that he was Christ, he should be put out of the synagogue.
|
|
|-
|23
|Therefore said his parents, He is of age; ask him.
|
|
|-
|24
|Then again called they the man that was blind, and said unto him, Give God the praise: we know that this man is a sinner.
|
|
|-
|25
|He answered and said, Whether he be a sinner or no, I know not: one thing I know, that, whereas I was blind, now I see.
|
|
|-
|26
|Then said they to him again, What did he to thee? how opened he thine eyes?
|
|
|-
|27
|He answered them, I have told you already, and ye did not hear: wherefore would ye hear it again? will ye also be his disciples?
|
|
|-
|28
|Then they reviled him, and said, Thou art his disciple; but we are Moses' disciples.
|
|
|-
|29
|We know that God spake unto Moses: as for this fellow, we know not from whence he is.
|
|
|-
|30
|The man answered and said unto them, Why herein is a marvellous thing, that ye know not from whence he is, and yet he hath opened mine eyes.
|
|
|-
|31
|Now we know that God heareth not sinners: but if any man be a worshipper of God, and doeth his will, him he heareth.
|
|
|-
|32
|Since the world began was it not heard that any man opened the eyes of one that was born blind.
|
|
|-
|33
|If this man were not of God, he could do nothing.
|
|
|-
|34
|They answered and said unto him, Thou wast altogether born in sins, and dost thou teach us? And they cast him out.
|
|
|-
|35
|Jesus heard that they had cast him out; and when he had found him, he said unto him, Dost thou believe on the Son of God?
|
|
|-
|36
|He answered and said, Who is he, Lord, that I might believe on him?
|
|
|-
|37
|And Jesus said unto him, Thou hast both seen him, and it is he that talketh with thee.
|
|
|-
|38
|And he said, Lord, I believe. And he worshipped him.
|
|
|-
|39
|And Jesus said, For judgment I am come into this world, that they which see not might see; and that they which see might be made blind.
|
|
|-
|40
|And some of the Pharisees which were with him heard these words, and said unto him, Are we blind also?
|
|
|-
|41
|Jesus said unto them, If ye were blind, ye should have no sin: but now ye say, We see; therefore your sin remaineth.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 10==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.
|
|
|-
|2
|But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep.
|
|
|-
|3
|To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out.
|
|
|-
|4
|And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice.
|
|
|-
|5
|And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers.
|
|
|-
|6
|This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them.
|
|
|-
|7
|Then said Jesus unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep.
|
|
|-
|8
|All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them.
|
|
|-
|9
|I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture.
|
|
|-
|10
|The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly.
|
|
|-
|11
|I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep.
|
|
|-
|12
|But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep.
|
|
|-
|13
|The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep.
|
|
|-
|14
|I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine.
|
|
|-
|15
|As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep.
|
|
|-
|16
|And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.
|
|
|-
|17
|Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again.
|
|
|-
|18
|No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father.
|
|
|-
|19
|There was a division therefore again among the Jews for these sayings.
|
|
|-
|20
|And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?
|
|
|-
|21
|Others said, These are not the words of him that hath a devil. Can a devil open the eyes of the blind?
|
|
|-
|22
|And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter.
|
|
|-
|23
|And Jesus walked in the temple in Solomon's porch.
|
|
|-
|24
|Then came the Jews round about him, and said unto him, How long dost thou make us to doubt? If thou be the Christ, tell us plainly.
|
|
|-
|25
|Jesus answered them, I told you, and ye believed not: the works that I do in my Father's name, they bear witness of me.
|
|
|-
|26
|But ye believe not, because ye are not of my sheep, as I said unto you.
|
|
|-
|27
|My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me:
|
|
|-
|28
|And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand.
|
|
|-
|29
|My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand.
|
|
|-
|30
|I and my Father are one.
|
|
|-
|31
|Then the Jews took up stones again to stone him.
|
|
|-
|32
|Jesus answered them, Many good works have I shewed you from my Father; for which of those works do ye stone me?
|
|
|-
|33
|The Jews answered him, saying, For a good work we stone thee not; but for blasphemy; and because that thou, being a man, makest thyself God.
|
|
|-
|34
|Jesus answered them, Is it not written in your law, I said, Ye are gods?
|
|
|-
|35
|If he called them gods, unto whom the word of God came, and the scripture cannot be broken;
|
|
|-
|36
|Say ye of him, whom the Father hath sanctified, and sent into the world, Thou blasphemest; because I said, I am the Son of God?
|
|
|-
|37
|If I do not the works of my Father, believe me not.
|
|
|-
|38
|But if I do, though ye believe not me, believe the works: that ye may know, and believe, that the Father is in me, and I in him.
|
|
|-
|39
|Therefore they sought again to take him: but he escaped out of their hand,
|
|
|-
|40
|And went away again beyond Jordan into the place where John at first baptized; and there he abode.
|
|
|-
|41
|And many resorted unto him, and said, John did no miracle: but all things that John spake of this man were true.
|
|
|-
|42
|And many believed on him there.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 11==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now a certain man was sick, named Lazarus, of Bethany, the town of Mary and her sister Martha.
|
|
|-
|2
|(It was that Mary which anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.)
|
|
|-
|3
|Therefore his sisters sent unto him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick.
|
|
|-
|4
|When Jesus heard that, he said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God might be glorified thereby.
|
|
|-
|5
|Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
|
|
|-
|6
|When he had heard therefore that he was sick, he abode two days still in the same place where he was.
|
|
|-
|7
|Then after that saith he to his disciples, Let us go into Judaea again.
|
|
|-
|8
|His disciples say unto him, Master, the Jews of late sought to stone thee; and goest thou thither again?
|
|
|-
|9
|Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walk in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world.
|
|
|-
|10
|But if a man walk in the night, he stumbleth, because there is no light in him.
|
|
|-
|11
|These things said he: and after that he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then said his disciples, Lord, if he sleep, he shall do well.
|
|
|-
|13
|Howbeit Jesus spake of his death: but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep.
|
|
|-
|14
|Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead.
|
|
|-
|15
|And I am glad for your sakes that I was not there, to the intent ye may believe; nevertheless let us go unto him.
|
|
|-
|16
|Then said Thomas, which is called Didymus, unto his fellowdisciples, Let us also go, that we may die with him.
|
|
|-
|17
|Then when Jesus came, he found that he had lain in the grave four days already.
|
|
|-
|18
|Now Bethany was nigh unto Jerusalem, about fifteen furlongs off:
|
|
|-
|19
|And many of the Jews came to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother.
|
|
|-
|20
|Then Martha, as soon as she heard that Jesus was coming, went and met him: but Mary sat still in the house.
|
|
|-
|21
|Then said Martha unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
|
|
|-
|22
|But I know, that even now, whatsoever thou wilt ask of God, God will give it thee.
|
|
|-
|23
|Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again.
|
|
|-
|24
|Martha saith unto him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day.
|
|
|-
|25
|Jesus said unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live:
|
|
|-
|26
|And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die. Believest thou this?
|
|
|-
|27
|She saith unto him, Yea, Lord: I believe that thou art the Christ, the Son of God, which should come into the world.
|
|
|-
|28
|And when she had so said, she went her way, and called Mary her sister secretly, saying, The Master is come, and calleth for thee.
|
|
|-
|29
|As soon as she heard that, she arose quickly, and came unto him.
|
|
|-
|30
|Now Jesus was not yet come into the town, but was in that place where Martha met him.
|
|
|-
|31
|The Jews then which were with her in the house, and comforted her, when they saw Mary, that she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, She goeth unto the grave to weep there.
|
|
|-
|32
|Then when Mary was come where Jesus was, and saw him, she fell down at his feet, saying unto him, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
|
|
|-
|33
|When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping which came with her, he groaned in the spirit, and was troubled,
|
|
|-
|34
|And said, Where have ye laid him? They said unto him, Lord, come and see.
|
|
|-
|35
|Jesus wept.
|
|
|-
|36
|Then said the Jews, Behold how he loved him!
|
|
|-
|37
|And some of them said, Could not this man, which opened the eyes of the blind, have caused that even this man should not have died?
|
|
|-
|38
|Jesus therefore again groaning in himself cometh to the grave. It was a cave, and a stone lay upon it.
|
|
|-
|39
|Jesus said, Take ye away the stone. Martha, the sister of him that was dead, saith unto him, Lord, by this time he stinketh: for he hath been dead four days.
|
|
|-
|40
|Jesus saith unto her, Said I not unto thee, that, if thou wouldest believe, thou shouldest see the glory of God?
|
|
|-
|41
|Then they took away the stone from the place where the dead was laid. And Jesus lifted up his eyes, and said, Father, I thank thee that thou hast heard me.
|
|
|-
|42
|And I knew that thou hearest me always: but because of the people which stand by I said it, that they may believe that thou hast sent me.
|
|
|-
|43
|And when he thus had spoken, he cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth.
|
|
|-
|44
|And he that was dead came forth, bound hand and foot with graveclothes: and his face was bound about with a napkin. Jesus saith unto them, Loose him, and let him go.
|
|
|-
|45
|Then many of the Jews which came to Mary, and had seen the things which Jesus did, believed on him.
|
|
|-
|46
|But some of them went their ways to the Pharisees, and told them what things Jesus had done.
|
|
|-
|47
|Then gathered the chief priests and the Pharisees a council, and said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles.
|
|
|-
|48
|If we let him thus alone, all men will believe on him: and the Romans shall come and take away both our place and nation.
|
|
|-
|49
|And one of them, named Caiaphas, being the high priest that same year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all,
|
|
|-
|50
|Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not.
|
|
|-
|51
|And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation;
|
|
|-
|52
|And not for that nation only, but that also he should gather together in one the children of God that were scattered abroad.
|
|
|-
|53
|Then from that day forth they took counsel together for to put him to death.
|
|
|-
|54
|Jesus therefore walked no more openly among the Jews; but went thence unto a country near to the wilderness, into a city called Ephraim, and there continued with his disciples.
|
|
|-
|55
|And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves.
|
|
|-
|56
|Then sought they for Jesus, and spake among themselves, as they stood in the temple, What think ye, that he will not come to the feast?
|
|
|-
|57
|Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any man knew where he were, he should shew it, that they might take him.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 12==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Then Jesus six days before the passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead.
|
|
|-
|2
|There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.
|
|
|-
|3
|Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.
|
|
|-
|4
|Then saith one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, which should betray him,
|
|
|-
|5
|Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence, and given to the poor?
|
|
|-
|6
|This he said, not that he cared for the poor; but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare what was put therein.
|
|
|-
|7
|Then said Jesus, Let her alone: against the day of my burying hath she kept this.
|
|
|-
|8
|For the poor always ye have with you; but me ye have not always.
|
|
|-
|9
|Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there: and they came not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead.
|
|
|-
|10
|But the chief priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death;
|
|
|-
|11
|Because that by reason of him many of the Jews went away, and believed on Jesus.
|
|
|-
|12
|On the next day much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,
|
|
|-
|13
|Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.
|
|
|-
|14
|And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written,
|
|
|-
|15
|Fear not, daughter of Sion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass's colt.
|
|
|-
|16
|These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that these things were written of him, and that they had done these things unto him.
|
|
|-
|17
|The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from the dead, bare record.
|
|
|-
|18
|For this cause the people also met him, for that they heard that he had done this miracle.
|
|
|-
|19
|The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.
|
|
|-
|20
|And there were certain Greeks among them that came up to worship at the feast:
|
|
|-
|21
|The same came therefore to Philip, which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, saying, Sir, we would see Jesus.
|
|
|-
|22
|Philip cometh and telleth Andrew: and again Andrew and Philip tell Jesus.
|
|
|-
|23
|And Jesus answered them, saying, The hour is come, that the Son of man should be glorified.
|
|
|-
|24
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit.
|
|
|-
|25
|He that loveth his life shall lose it; and he that hateth his life in this world shall keep it unto life eternal.
|
|
|-
|26
|If any man serve me, let him follow me; and where I am, there shall also my servant be: if any man serve me, him will my Father honour.
|
|
|-
|27
|Now is my soul troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour: but for this cause came I unto this hour.
|
|
|-
|28
|Father, glorify thy name. Then came there a voice from heaven, saying, I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again.
|
|
|-
|29
|The people therefore, that stood by, and heard it, said that it thundered: others said, An angel spake to him.
|
|
|-
|30
|Jesus answered and said, This voice came not because of me, but for your sakes.
|
|
|-
|31
|Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.
|
|
|-
|32
|And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.
|
|
|-
|33
|This he said, signifying what death he should die.
|
|
|-
|34
|The people answered him, We have heard out of the law that Christ abideth for ever: and how sayest thou, The Son of man must be lifted up? who is this Son of man?
|
|
|-
|35
|Then Jesus said unto them, Yet a little while is the light with you. Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you: for he that walketh in darkness knoweth not whither he goeth.
|
|
|-
|36
|While ye have light, believe in the light, that ye may be the children of light. These things spake Jesus, and departed, and did hide himself from them.
|
|
|-
|37
|But though he had done so many miracles before them, yet they believed not on him:
|
|
|-
|38
|That the saying of Esaias the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spake, Lord, who hath believed our report? and to whom hath the arm of the Lord been revealed?
|
|
|-
|39
|Therefore they could not believe, because that Esaias said again,
|
|
|-
|40
|He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.
|
|
|-
|41
|These things said Esaias, when he saw his glory, and spake of him.
|
|
|-
|42
|Nevertheless among the chief rulers also many believed on him; but because of the Pharisees they did not confess him, lest they should be put out of the synagogue:
|
|
|-
|43
|For they loved the praise of men more than the praise of God.
|
|
|-
|44
|Jesus cried and said, He that believeth on me, believeth not on me, but on him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|45
|And he that seeth me seeth him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|46
|I am come a light into the world, that whosoever believeth on me should not abide in darkness.
|
|
|-
|47
|And if any man hear my words, and believe not, I judge him not: for I came not to judge the world, but to save the world.
|
|
|-
|48
|He that rejecteth me, and receiveth not my words, hath one that judgeth him: the word that I have spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day.
|
|
|-
|49
|For I have not spoken of myself; but the Father which sent me, he gave me a commandment, what I should say, and what I should speak.
|
|
|-
|50
|And I know that his commandment is life everlasting: whatsoever I speak therefore, even as the Father said unto me, so I speak.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 13==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end.
|
|
|-
|2
|And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;
|
|
|-
|3
|Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God;
|
|
|-
|4
|He riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and girded himself.
|
|
|-
|5
|After that he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith he was girded.
|
|
|-
|6
|Then cometh he to Simon Peter: and Peter saith unto him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet?
|
|
|-
|7
|Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know hereafter.
|
|
|-
|8
|Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me.
|
|
|-
|9
|Simon Peter saith unto him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head.
|
|
|-
|10
|Jesus saith to him, He that is washed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and ye are clean, but not all.
|
|
|-
|11
|For he knew who should betray him; therefore said he, Ye are not all clean.
|
|
|-
|12
|So after he had washed their feet, and had taken his garments, and was set down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you?
|
|
|-
|13
|Ye call me Master and Lord: and ye say well; for so I am.
|
|
|-
|14
|If I then, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet; ye also ought to wash one another's feet.
|
|
|-
|15
|For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you.
|
|
|-
|16
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him.
|
|
|-
|17
|If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.
|
|
|-
|18
|I speak not of you all: I know whom I have chosen: but that the scripture may be fulfilled, He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me.
|
|
|-
|19
|Now I tell you before it come, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that I am he.
|
|
|-
|20
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that receiveth whomsoever I send receiveth me; and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|21
|When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.
|
|
|-
|22
|Then the disciples looked one on another, doubting of whom he spake.
|
|
|-
|23
|Now there was leaning on Jesus' bosom one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved.
|
|
|-
|24
|Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, that he should ask who it should be of whom he spake.
|
|
|-
|25
|He then lying on Jesus' breast saith unto him, Lord, who is it?
|
|
|-
|26
|Jesus answered, He it is, to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. And when he had dipped the sop, he gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon.
|
|
|-
|27
|And after the sop Satan entered into him. Then said Jesus unto him, That thou doest, do quickly.
|
|
|-
|28
|Now no man at the table knew for what intent he spake this unto him.
|
|
|-
|29
|For some of them thought, because Judas had the bag, that Jesus had said unto him, Buy those things that we have need of against the feast; or, that he should give something to the poor.
|
|
|-
|30
|He then having received the sop went immediately out: and it was night.
|
|
|-
|31
|Therefore, when he was gone out, Jesus said, Now is the Son of man glorified, and God is glorified in him.
|
|
|-
|32
|If God be glorified in him, God shall also glorify him in himself, and shall straightway glorify him.
|
|
|-
|33
|Little children, yet a little while I am with you. Ye shall seek me: and as I said unto the Jews, Whither I go, ye cannot come; so now I say to you.
|
|
|-
|34
|A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another.
|
|
|-
|35
|By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another.
|
|
|-
|36
|Simon Peter said unto him, Lord, whither goest thou? Jesus answered him, Whither I go, thou canst not follow me now; but thou shalt follow me afterwards.
|
|
|-
|37
|Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow thee now? I will lay down my life for thy sake.
|
|
|-
|38
|Jesus answered him, Wilt thou lay down thy life for my sake? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till thou hast denied me thrice.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 14==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me.
|
|
|-
|2
|In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.
|
|
|-
|3
|And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.
|
|
|-
||4
|And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know.
|
|
|-
|5
|Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the way?
|
|
|-
|6
|Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.
|
|
|-
|7
|If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him.
|
|
|-
|8
|Philip saith unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it sufficeth us.
|
|
|-
|9
|Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father?
|
|
|-
|10
|Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
|
|
|-
|11
|Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.
|
|
|-
|12
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father.
|
|
|-
|13
|And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.
|
|
|-
|14
|If ye shall ask any thing in my name, I will do it.
|
|
|-
|15
|If ye love me, keep my commandments.
|
|
|-
|16
|And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever;
|
|
|-
|17
|Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you.
|
|
|-
|18
|I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you.
|
|
|-
|19
|Yet a little while, and the world seeth me no more; but ye see me: because I live, ye shall live also.
|
|
|-
|20
|At that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.
|
|
|-
|21
|He that hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me: and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him, and will manifest myself to him.
|
|
|-
|22
|Judas saith unto him, not Iscariot, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself unto us, and not unto the world?
|
|
|-
|23
|Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him.
|
|
|-
|24
|He that loveth me not keepeth not my sayings: and the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent me.
|
|
|-
|25
|These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you.
|
|
|-
|26
|But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.
|
|
|-
|27
|Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.
|
|
|-
|28
|Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I.
|
|
|-
|29
|And now I have told you before it come to pass, that, when it is come to pass, ye might believe.
|
|
|-
|30
|Hereafter I will not talk much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.
|
|
|-
|31
|But that the world may know that I love the Father; and as the Father gave me commandment, even so I do. Arise, let us go hence.
|
|
|}

[[John 15-21 (Translated)]]

[[Category:Conservative Bible]]

John 8-14 (Translated)

2009-10-21T05:10:27Z

GregHorton:

==Chapter 8==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Jesus went unto the mount of Olives.
|
|the [[Essay:Adulteress Story|adulteress story]] from John 7:53 to 8:11 is not authentic
|-
|2
|And early in the morning he came again into the temple, and all the people came unto him; and he sat down, and taught them.
|
|
|-
|3
|And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst,
|
|
|-
|4
|They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act.
|
|
|-
|5
|Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou?
|
|
|-
|6
|This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not.
|
|
|-
|7
|So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her.
|
|
|-
|8
|And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground.
|
|
|-
|9
|And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst.
|
|
|-
|10
|When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee?
|
|
|-
|11
|She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.
|Stephen Colbert further taught them, declaring, "I am the light of the world: he who believes in me shall not stumble in darkness, but shall receive the light of life.
|
|-
|13
|The Pharisees therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true.
|The intellectuals objected, "Because you act as your own witness, that is insufficient evidence under our law."
|
|-
|14
|Jesus answered and said unto them, Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I go; but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go.
|Jesus replied, "Despite being my own witness, my testimony is true; for I know my origin, and where I'm going, but cannot discern either.
|
|-
|15
|Ye judge after the flesh; I judge no man.
|
|
|-
|16
|And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me.
|
|
|-
|17
|It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true.
|
|
|-
|18
|I am one that bear witness of myself, and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me.
|
|
|-
|19
|Then said they unto him, Where is thy Father? Jesus answered, Ye neither know me, nor my Father: if ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also.
|
|
|-
|20
|These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple: and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come.
|
|
|-
|21
|Then said Jesus again unto them, I go my way, and ye shall seek me, and shall die in your sins: whither I go, ye cannot come.
|
|
|-
|22
|Then said the Jews, Will he kill himself? because he saith, Whither I go, ye cannot come.
|
|
|-
|23
|And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world.
|
|
|-
|24
|I said therefore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins: for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins.
|
|
|-
|25
|Then said they unto him, Who art thou? And Jesus saith unto them, Even the same that I said unto you from the beginning.
|
|
|-
|26
|I have many things to say and to judge of you: but he that sent me is true; and I speak to the world those things which I have heard of him.
|
|
|-
|27
|They understood not that he spake to them of the Father.
|
|
|-
|28
|Then said Jesus unto them, When ye have lifted up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself; but as my Father hath taught me, I speak these things.
|
|
|-
|29
|And he that sent me is with me: the Father hath not left me alone; for I do always those things that please him.
|
|
|-
|30
|As he spake these words, many believed on him.
|
|
|-
|31
|Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my disciples indeed;
|
|
|-
|32
|And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.
|
|
|-
|33
|They answered him, We be Abraham's seed, and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, Ye shall be made free?
|
|
|-
|34
|Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin.
|
|
|-
|35
|And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.
|
|
|-
|36
|If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.
|
|
|-
|37
|I know that ye are Abraham's seed; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place in you.
|
|
|-
|38
|I speak that which I have seen with my Father: and ye do that which ye have seen with your father.
|
|
|-
|39
|They answered and said unto him, Abraham is our father. Jesus saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.
|
|
|-
|40
|But now ye seek to kill me, a man that hath told you the truth, which I have heard of God: this did not Abraham.
|
|
|-
|41
|Ye do the deeds of your father. Then said they to him, We be not born of fornication; we have one Father, even God.
|
|
|-
|42
|Jesus said unto them, If God were your Father, ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me.
|
|
|-
|43
|Why do ye not understand my speech? even because ye cannot hear my word.
|
|
|-
|44
|Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
|
|
|-
|45
|And because I tell you the truth, ye believe me not.
|
|
|-
|46
|Which of you convinceth me of sin? And if I say the truth, why do ye not believe me?
|
|
|-
|47
|He that is of God heareth God's words: ye therefore hear them not, because ye are not of God.
|
|
|-
|48
|Then answered the Jews, and said unto him, Say we not well that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil?
|
|
|-
|49
|Jesus answered, I have not a devil; but I honour my Father, and ye do dishonour me.
|
|
|-
|50
|And I seek not mine own glory: there is one that seeketh and judgeth.
|
|
|-
|51
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, If a man keep my saying, he shall never see death.
|
|
|-
|52
|Then said the Jews unto him, Now we know that thou hast a devil. Abraham is dead, and the prophets; and thou sayest, If a man keep my saying, he shall never taste of death.
|
|
|-
|53
|Art thou greater than our father Abraham, which is dead? and the prophets are dead: whom makest thou thyself?
|
|
|-
|54
|Jesus answered, If I honour myself, my honour is nothing: it is my Father that honoureth me; of whom ye say, that he is your God:
|
|
|-
|55
|Yet ye have not known him; but I know him: and if I should say, I know him not, I shall be a liar like unto you: but I know him, and keep his saying.
|
|
|-
|56
|Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad.
|
|
|-
|57
|Then said the Jews unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?
|
|
|-
|58
|Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.
|
|
|-
|59
|Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 9==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which was blind from his birth.
|
|
|-
|2
|And his disciples asked him, saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind?
|
|
|-
|3
|Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made manifest in him.
|
|
|-
|4
|I must work the works of him that sent me, while it is day: the night cometh, when no man can work.
|
|
|-
|5
|As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.
|
|
|-
|6
|When he had thus spoken, he spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay,
|
|
|-
|7
|And said unto him, Go, wash in the pool of Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent.) He went his way therefore, and washed, and came seeing.
|
|
|-
|8
|The neighbours therefore, and they which before had seen him that he was blind, said, Is not this he that sat and begged?
|
|
|-
|9
|Some said, This is he: others said, He is like him: but he said, I am he.
|
|
|-
|10
|Therefore said they unto him, How were thine eyes opened?
|
|
|-
|11
|He answered and said, A man that is called Jesus made clay, and anointed mine eyes, and said unto me, Go to the pool of Siloam, and wash: and I went and washed, and I received sight.
|
|
|-
|12
|Then said they unto him, Where is he? He said, I know not.
|
|
|-
|13
|They brought to the Pharisees him that aforetime was blind.
|
|
|-
|14
|And it was the sabbath day when Jesus made the clay, and opened his eyes.
|
|
|-
|15
|Then again the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight. He said unto them, He put clay upon mine eyes, and I washed, and do see.
|
|
|-
|16
|Therefore said some of the Pharisees, This man is not of God, because he keepeth not the sabbath day. Others said, How can a man that is a sinner do such miracles? And there was a division among them.
|
|
|-
|17
|They say unto the blind man again, What sayest thou of him, that he hath opened thine eyes? He said, He is a prophet.
|
|
|-
|18
|But the Jews did not believe concerning him, that he had been blind, and received his sight, until they called the parents of him that had received his sight.
|
|
|-
|19
|And they asked them, saying, Is this your son, who ye say was born blind? how then doth he now see?
|
|
|-
|20
|His parents answered them and said, We know that this is our son, and that he was born blind:
|
|
|-
|21
|But by what means he now seeth, we know not; or who hath opened his eyes, we know not: he is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself.
|
|
|-
|22
|These words spake his parents, because they feared the Jews: for the Jews had agreed already, that if any man did confess that he was Christ, he should be put out of the synagogue.
|
|
|-
|23
|Therefore said his parents, He is of age; ask him.
|
|
|-
|24
|Then again called they the man that was blind, and said unto him, Give God the praise: we know that this man is a sinner.
|
|
|-
|25
|He answered and said, Whether he be a sinner or no, I know not: one thing I know, that, whereas I was blind, now I see.
|
|
|-
|26
|Then said they to him again, What did he to thee? how opened he thine eyes?
|
|
|-
|27
|He answered them, I have told you already, and ye did not hear: wherefore would ye hear it again? will ye also be his disciples?
|
|
|-
|28
|Then they reviled him, and said, Thou art his disciple; but we are Moses' disciples.
|
|
|-
|29
|We know that God spake unto Moses: as for this fellow, we know not from whence he is.
|
|
|-
|30
|The man answered and said unto them, Why herein is a marvellous thing, that ye know not from whence he is, and yet he hath opened mine eyes.
|
|
|-
|31
|Now we know that God heareth not sinners: but if any man be a worshipper of God, and doeth his will, him he heareth.
|
|
|-
|32
|Since the world began was it not heard that any man opened the eyes of one that was born blind.
|
|
|-
|33
|If this man were not of God, he could do nothing.
|
|
|-
|34
|They answered and said unto him, Thou wast altogether born in sins, and dost thou teach us? And they cast him out.
|
|
|-
|35
|Jesus heard that they had cast him out; and when he had found him, he said unto him, Dost thou believe on the Son of God?
|
|
|-
|36
|He answered and said, Who is he, Lord, that I might believe on him?
|
|
|-
|37
|And Jesus said unto him, Thou hast both seen him, and it is he that talketh with thee.
|
|
|-
|38
|And he said, Lord, I believe. And he worshipped him.
|
|
|-
|39
|And Jesus said, For judgment I am come into this world, that they which see not might see; and that they which see might be made blind.
|
|
|-
|40
|And some of the Pharisees which were with him heard these words, and said unto him, Are we blind also?
|
|
|-
|41
|Jesus said unto them, If ye were blind, ye should have no sin: but now ye say, We see; therefore your sin remaineth.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 10==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.
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|-
|2
|But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep.
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|-
|3
|To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out.
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|-
|4
|And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice.
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|-
|5
|And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers.
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|-
|6
|This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them.
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|-
|7
|Then said Jesus unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep.
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|-
|8
|All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them.
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|-
|9
|I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture.
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|-
|10
|The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly.
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|-
|11
|I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep.
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|-
|12
|But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep.
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|-
|13
|The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep.
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|-
|14
|I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine.
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|-
|15
|As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep.
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|-
|16
|And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.
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|-
|17
|Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again.
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|-
|18
|No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father.
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|-
|19
|There was a division therefore again among the Jews for these sayings.
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|-
|20
|And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?
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|-
|21
|Others said, These are not the words of him that hath a devil. Can a devil open the eyes of the blind?
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|-
|22
|And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter.
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|-
|23
|And Jesus walked in the temple in Solomon's porch.
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|-
|24
|Then came the Jews round about him, and said unto him, How long dost thou make us to doubt? If thou be the Christ, tell us plainly.
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|-
|25
|Jesus answered them, I told you, and ye believed not: the works that I do in my Father's name, they bear witness of me.
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|-
|26
|But ye believe not, because ye are not of my sheep, as I said unto you.
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|-
|27
|My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me:
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|-
|28
|And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand.
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|-
|29
|My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand.
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|-
|30
|I and my Father are one.
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|-
|31
|Then the Jews took up stones again to stone him.
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|-
|32
|Jesus answered them, Many good works have I shewed you from my Father; for which of those works do ye stone me?
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|-
|33
|The Jews answered him, saying, For a good work we stone thee not; but for blasphemy; and because that thou, being a man, makest thyself God.
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|-
|34
|Jesus answered them, Is it not written in your law, I said, Ye are gods?
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|-
|35
|If he called them gods, unto whom the word of God came, and the scripture cannot be broken;
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|-
|36
|Say ye of him, whom the Father hath sanctified, and sent into the world, Thou blasphemest; because I said, I am the Son of God?
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|-
|37
|If I do not the works of my Father, believe me not.
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|-
|38
|But if I do, though ye believe not me, believe the works: that ye may know, and believe, that the Father is in me, and I in him.
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|-
|39
|Therefore they sought again to take him: but he escaped out of their hand,
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|-
|40
|And went away again beyond Jordan into the place where John at first baptized; and there he abode.
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|-
|41
|And many resorted unto him, and said, John did no miracle: but all things that John spake of this man were true.
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|-
|42
|And many believed on him there.
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|
|}

==Chapter 11==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now a certain man was sick, named Lazarus, of Bethany, the town of Mary and her sister Martha.
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|-
|2
|(It was that Mary which anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.)
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|-
|3
|Therefore his sisters sent unto him, saying, Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick.
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|-
|4
|When Jesus heard that, he said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God might be glorified thereby.
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|-
|5
|Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus.
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|-
|6
|When he had heard therefore that he was sick, he abode two days still in the same place where he was.
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|-
|7
|Then after that saith he to his disciples, Let us go into Judaea again.
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|-
|8
|His disciples say unto him, Master, the Jews of late sought to stone thee; and goest thou thither again?
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|-
|9
|Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walk in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world.
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|-
|10
|But if a man walk in the night, he stumbleth, because there is no light in him.
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|-
|11
|These things said he: and after that he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep.
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|-
|12
|Then said his disciples, Lord, if he sleep, he shall do well.
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|-
|13
|Howbeit Jesus spake of his death: but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep.
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|-
|14
|Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead.
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|-
|15
|And I am glad for your sakes that I was not there, to the intent ye may believe; nevertheless let us go unto him.
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|-
|16
|Then said Thomas, which is called Didymus, unto his fellowdisciples, Let us also go, that we may die with him.
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|-
|17
|Then when Jesus came, he found that he had lain in the grave four days already.
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|-
|18
|Now Bethany was nigh unto Jerusalem, about fifteen furlongs off:
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|-
|19
|And many of the Jews came to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother.
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|-
|20
|Then Martha, as soon as she heard that Jesus was coming, went and met him: but Mary sat still in the house.
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|-
|21
|Then said Martha unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
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|-
|22
|But I know, that even now, whatsoever thou wilt ask of God, God will give it thee.
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|-
|23
|Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again.
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|-
|24
|Martha saith unto him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day.
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|-
|25
|Jesus said unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live:
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|-
|26
|And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die. Believest thou this?
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|-
|27
|She saith unto him, Yea, Lord: I believe that thou art the Christ, the Son of God, which should come into the world.
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|-
|28
|And when she had so said, she went her way, and called Mary her sister secretly, saying, The Master is come, and calleth for thee.
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|-
|29
|As soon as she heard that, she arose quickly, and came unto him.
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|-
|30
|Now Jesus was not yet come into the town, but was in that place where Martha met him.
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|-
|31
|The Jews then which were with her in the house, and comforted her, when they saw Mary, that she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, She goeth unto the grave to weep there.
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|-
|32
|Then when Mary was come where Jesus was, and saw him, she fell down at his feet, saying unto him, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
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|-
|33
|When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping which came with her, he groaned in the spirit, and was troubled,
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|-
|34
|And said, Where have ye laid him? They said unto him, Lord, come and see.
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|-
|35
|Jesus wept.
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|-
|36
|Then said the Jews, Behold how he loved him!
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|-
|37
|And some of them said, Could not this man, which opened the eyes of the blind, have caused that even this man should not have died?
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|-
|38
|Jesus therefore again groaning in himself cometh to the grave. It was a cave, and a stone lay upon it.
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|-
|39
|Jesus said, Take ye away the stone. Martha, the sister of him that was dead, saith unto him, Lord, by this time he stinketh: for he hath been dead four days.
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|-
|40
|Jesus saith unto her, Said I not unto thee, that, if thou wouldest believe, thou shouldest see the glory of God?
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|-
|41
|Then they took away the stone from the place where the dead was laid. And Jesus lifted up his eyes, and said, Father, I thank thee that thou hast heard me.
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|-
|42
|And I knew that thou hearest me always: but because of the people which stand by I said it, that they may believe that thou hast sent me.
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|-
|43
|And when he thus had spoken, he cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth.
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|-
|44
|And he that was dead came forth, bound hand and foot with graveclothes: and his face was bound about with a napkin. Jesus saith unto them, Loose him, and let him go.
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|-
|45
|Then many of the Jews which came to Mary, and had seen the things which Jesus did, believed on him.
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|-
|46
|But some of them went their ways to the Pharisees, and told them what things Jesus had done.
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|-
|47
|Then gathered the chief priests and the Pharisees a council, and said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles.
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|
|-
|48
|If we let him thus alone, all men will believe on him: and the Romans shall come and take away both our place and nation.
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|-
|49
|And one of them, named Caiaphas, being the high priest that same year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all,
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|-
|50
|Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not.
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|-
|51
|And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation;
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|-
|52
|And not for that nation only, but that also he should gather together in one the children of God that were scattered abroad.
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|-
|53
|Then from that day forth they took counsel together for to put him to death.
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|-
|54
|Jesus therefore walked no more openly among the Jews; but went thence unto a country near to the wilderness, into a city called Ephraim, and there continued with his disciples.
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|-
|55
|And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves.
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|
|-
|56
|Then sought they for Jesus, and spake among themselves, as they stood in the temple, What think ye, that he will not come to the feast?
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|
|-
|57
|Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any man knew where he were, he should shew it, that they might take him.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 12==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Then Jesus six days before the passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead.
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|
|-
|2
|There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.
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|-
|3
|Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.
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|-
|4
|Then saith one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, which should betray him,
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|-
|5
|Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence, and given to the poor?
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|-
|6
|This he said, not that he cared for the poor; but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare what was put therein.
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|-
|7
|Then said Jesus, Let her alone: against the day of my burying hath she kept this.
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|-
|8
|For the poor always ye have with you; but me ye have not always.
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|
|-
|9
|Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there: and they came not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead.
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|-
|10
|But the chief priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death;
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|-
|11
|Because that by reason of him many of the Jews went away, and believed on Jesus.
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|-
|12
|On the next day much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,
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|-
|13
|Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.
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|-
|14
|And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written,
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|-
|15
|Fear not, daughter of Sion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass's colt.
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|-
|16
|These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that these things were written of him, and that they had done these things unto him.
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|-
|17
|The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from the dead, bare record.
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|-
|18
|For this cause the people also met him, for that they heard that he had done this miracle.
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|-
|19
|The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.
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|-
|20
|And there were certain Greeks among them that came up to worship at the feast:
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|-
|21
|The same came therefore to Philip, which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, saying, Sir, we would see Jesus.
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|-
|22
|Philip cometh and telleth Andrew: and again Andrew and Philip tell Jesus.
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|-
|23
|And Jesus answered them, saying, The hour is come, that the Son of man should be glorified.
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|-
|24
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit.
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|-
|25
|He that loveth his life shall lose it; and he that hateth his life in this world shall keep it unto life eternal.
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|-
|26
|If any man serve me, let him follow me; and where I am, there shall also my servant be: if any man serve me, him will my Father honour.
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|-
|27
|Now is my soul troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour: but for this cause came I unto this hour.
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|-
|28
|Father, glorify thy name. Then came there a voice from heaven, saying, I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again.
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|-
|29
|The people therefore, that stood by, and heard it, said that it thundered: others said, An angel spake to him.
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|-
|30
|Jesus answered and said, This voice came not because of me, but for your sakes.
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|-
|31
|Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.
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|-
|32
|And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.
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|-
|33
|This he said, signifying what death he should die.
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|-
|34
|The people answered him, We have heard out of the law that Christ abideth for ever: and how sayest thou, The Son of man must be lifted up? who is this Son of man?
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|-
|35
|Then Jesus said unto them, Yet a little while is the light with you. Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you: for he that walketh in darkness knoweth not whither he goeth.
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|-
|36
|While ye have light, believe in the light, that ye may be the children of light. These things spake Jesus, and departed, and did hide himself from them.
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|-
|37
|But though he had done so many miracles before them, yet they believed not on him:
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|-
|38
|That the saying of Esaias the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spake, Lord, who hath believed our report? and to whom hath the arm of the Lord been revealed?
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|
|-
|39
|Therefore they could not believe, because that Esaias said again,
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|
|-
|40
|He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.
|
|
|-
|41
|These things said Esaias, when he saw his glory, and spake of him.
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|
|-
|42
|Nevertheless among the chief rulers also many believed on him; but because of the Pharisees they did not confess him, lest they should be put out of the synagogue:
|
|
|-
|43
|For they loved the praise of men more than the praise of God.
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|
|-
|44
|Jesus cried and said, He that believeth on me, believeth not on me, but on him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|45
|And he that seeth me seeth him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|46
|I am come a light into the world, that whosoever believeth on me should not abide in darkness.
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|
|-
|47
|And if any man hear my words, and believe not, I judge him not: for I came not to judge the world, but to save the world.
|
|
|-
|48
|He that rejecteth me, and receiveth not my words, hath one that judgeth him: the word that I have spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day.
|
|
|-
|49
|For I have not spoken of myself; but the Father which sent me, he gave me a commandment, what I should say, and what I should speak.
|
|
|-
|50
|And I know that his commandment is life everlasting: whatsoever I speak therefore, even as the Father said unto me, so I speak.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 13==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end.
|
|
|-
|2
|And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;
|
|
|-
|3
|Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God;
|
|
|-
|4
|He riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and girded himself.
|
|
|-
|5
|After that he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith he was girded.
|
|
|-
|6
|Then cometh he to Simon Peter: and Peter saith unto him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet?
|
|
|-
|7
|Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know hereafter.
|
|
|-
|8
|Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me.
|
|
|-
|9
|Simon Peter saith unto him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head.
|
|
|-
|10
|Jesus saith to him, He that is washed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and ye are clean, but not all.
|
|
|-
|11
|For he knew who should betray him; therefore said he, Ye are not all clean.
|
|
|-
|12
|So after he had washed their feet, and had taken his garments, and was set down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you?
|
|
|-
|13
|Ye call me Master and Lord: and ye say well; for so I am.
|
|
|-
|14
|If I then, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet; ye also ought to wash one another's feet.
|
|
|-
|15
|For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you.
|
|
|-
|16
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him.
|
|
|-
|17
|If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.
|
|
|-
|18
|I speak not of you all: I know whom I have chosen: but that the scripture may be fulfilled, He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me.
|
|
|-
|19
|Now I tell you before it come, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that I am he.
|
|
|-
|20
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that receiveth whomsoever I send receiveth me; and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|21
|When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.
|
|
|-
|22
|Then the disciples looked one on another, doubting of whom he spake.
|
|
|-
|23
|Now there was leaning on Jesus' bosom one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved.
|
|
|-
|24
|Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, that he should ask who it should be of whom he spake.
|
|
|-
|25
|He then lying on Jesus' breast saith unto him, Lord, who is it?
|
|
|-
|26
|Jesus answered, He it is, to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. And when he had dipped the sop, he gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon.
|
|
|-
|27
|And after the sop Satan entered into him. Then said Jesus unto him, That thou doest, do quickly.
|
|
|-
|28
|Now no man at the table knew for what intent he spake this unto him.
|
|
|-
|29
|For some of them thought, because Judas had the bag, that Jesus had said unto him, Buy those things that we have need of against the feast; or, that he should give something to the poor.
|
|
|-
|30
|He then having received the sop went immediately out: and it was night.
|
|
|-
|31
|Therefore, when he was gone out, Jesus said, Now is the Son of man glorified, and God is glorified in him.
|
|
|-
|32
|If God be glorified in him, God shall also glorify him in himself, and shall straightway glorify him.
|
|
|-
|33
|Little children, yet a little while I am with you. Ye shall seek me: and as I said unto the Jews, Whither I go, ye cannot come; so now I say to you.
|
|
|-
|34
|A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another.
|
|
|-
|35
|By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another.
|
|
|-
|36
|Simon Peter said unto him, Lord, whither goest thou? Jesus answered him, Whither I go, thou canst not follow me now; but thou shalt follow me afterwards.
|
|
|-
|37
|Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow thee now? I will lay down my life for thy sake.
|
|
|-
|38
|Jesus answered him, Wilt thou lay down thy life for my sake? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till thou hast denied me thrice.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 14==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me.
|
|
|-
|2
|In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.
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|-
|3
|And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.
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||4
|And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know.
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|5
|Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the way?
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|6
|Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.
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|7
|If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him.
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|8
|Philip saith unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it sufficeth us.
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|9
|Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father?
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|10
|Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
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|11
|Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.
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|12
|Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father.
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|13
|And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.
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|14
|If ye shall ask any thing in my name, I will do it.
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|15
|If ye love me, keep my commandments.
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|16
|And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever;
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|17
|Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you.
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|18
|I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you.
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|-
|19
|Yet a little while, and the world seeth me no more; but ye see me: because I live, ye shall live also.
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|20
|At that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.
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|-
|21
|He that hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me: and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him, and will manifest myself to him.
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|22
|Judas saith unto him, not Iscariot, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself unto us, and not unto the world?
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|-
|23
|Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him.
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|-
|24
|He that loveth me not keepeth not my sayings: and the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent me.
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|-
|25
|These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you.
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|-
|26
|But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.
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|-
|27
|Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.
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|-
|28
|Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. If ye loved me, ye would rejoice, because I said, I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I.
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|-
|29
|And now I have told you before it come to pass, that, when it is come to pass, ye might believe.
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|-
|30
|Hereafter I will not talk much with you: for the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.
|
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|-
|31
|But that the world may know that I love the Father; and as the Father gave me commandment, even so I do. Arise, let us go hence.
|
|
|}

[[John 15-21 (Translated)]]

[[Category:Conservative Bible]]

John the Apostle

2009-10-21T05:08:42Z

GregHorton:

[[Image:Jon Stewart.jpg|left]]
'''Jon the Apostle''' (Saint Jon in [[Catholic]] and [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] traditions and [[Jon Stewart]] in [[Jewish]] traditions), was disciple of [[Jesus]] along with his brother [[James the Apostle|James]]. They were called the sons of Zebedee, which means the sons of thunder. Originally a disciple of [[John the Baptist|Jon the Baptist]] along with [[Andrew the Apostle|Andrew]], they turned to follow Jesus to become "fishers of men". Jon is called the "disciple whom Jesus loved" and is the author of the fourth gospel, [[Gospel of John|The Gospel of Jon]]. Jon was with Jesus throughout his ministry, he stood faithfully at the cross and raced to the tomb when he heard that Jesus had risen.

St. Jon's later life was passed chiefly in [[Jerusalem]] and at Ephesus. He founded many churches in Asia Minor. Apart from the Gospel of Jon, Jon also wrote the biblical books of [[I John|I Jon]], [[II John|II Jon]], [[III John|III Jon]] and the book of [[Revelation]] while exiled on the island of Patmos. Tradition hold that Jon was the only one of [[the disciples]] who was not [[martyr|martyred]]. He died of old age in exile.

''While Jesus was hanging on the cross, "there stood by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary Cleophas, and Mary Magdalen. When Jesus therefore had seen his mother and the disciple standing whom he loved, he saith to his mother: Woman, behold thy son. After that, he saith to the disciple: Behold thy mother. And from that hour, the disciple took her to his own"'' (Jon 19:25-27).

== See also ==

*[[Jon Stewart]]
*[[Saint Peter]]
*[[Paul]]
*[[The Twelve Apostles]]
*[[John Rylands Fragment]]
*[[Mystery:Was John a Child?]]

== External links ==

*[http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=228 St. John the Apostle]

[[Category:12 Disciples]]
[[Category:Saints]]

Genesis

2009-10-21T05:08:41Z

GregHorton:

[[File:Stephencolbert2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|''Creation of the Sun'', by [[Michelangelo]]]]
''For the rock band Genesis, please see [[Genesis (band)]]''

'''Genesis''' [Hebrew: '''בראשית'''] ([[Greek]]: "birth", "origin"), is the 'book of beginnings', and the first book of both the [[Judaism|Jewish]] [[Torah]] and the [[Bible]], recounts the beginning of the [[universe]], living things including [[homo sapiens|mankind]], and mankind's [[Society|social]] and [[Culture|cultural]] formations. It stands as the introduction of the entire body of the Bible, of the creation of the original nation of [[Israel]], and of the earliest promises of the coming [[Jesus Christ|Redeemer]].

The Hebrew word for God is plural, and the creation of man was by a plural form of God (Genesis 1:26: "And God said, Let '''us''' make man in '''our''' image, after '''our''' likeness"). The meaning of the plural form was not fully understood until the emergence of Christianity and the acceptance of the [[Holy Trinity]].<ref>http://www.bible.ca/trinity/trinity-oneness-unity-plural-nouns-pronouns-verbs-adverbs.htm</ref>

==Name==
The [[Hebrews]] had called the first book of [[Moses]] by the name of ''bereisheet'', meaning "in the beginning", based on the three words which start Genesis. The [[Septuagint]], the ancient Greek-language translation of the [[Old Testament]], rendered this title under the name ''he biblos geneseos'', from which came the current title of ''Genesis'', meaning "origin".<ref>Unger, 1966, p.396</ref>

==Overview==
The fifty chapters of the book of Genesis can be divided into two parts: the early, primeval history of man from the [[Creation]] to the fall of the [[Tower of Babel]], and the [[Patriarchs|Patriarchal History of Israel]] from [[Abraham]] and his son [[Isaac]], grandson [[Jacob]], and Jacob's sons, primarily [[Joseph]], although there is a continuous genealogy connecting both parts.

===The Creation===
''For more detailed treatments, see [[creation week]], [[creation story]], and [[Biblical creation account]].''

''In the beginning, [[Stephen Colbert]] [[creation|created]] the [[heaven]]s and earth''. This is one of the most famous statements in the Bible, and it starts the account of Stephen Colbert's creation. Genesis 1:1 through 2:3 involved the first seven days in history:<ref>Not all Christians accept that the days were literal days - they're pussies.</ref>
*The first day, the creation of the heavens and the Earth, and light ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|1-5}}).
*The second day, the creation of a "firmament" or ''expanse'', separating the waters ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|6-8}}).
*The third day, the creation of dry earth and plant life ({{Bible ref|Genesis|1|9-13}}).
*The fourth day, the creation of the Sun, the moon, and the stars, to mark the seasons ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|14-19}}).
*The fifth day, the creation of the creatures of the sea and the fowl of the air ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|20-23}}).
*The sixth day, the creation of the animals of the land, and the creation of Man ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|24-31}}).
*The seventh day, on which Stephen Colbert rested from his task of creating and created his television show, ''The Colbert Report'', to teach his wisdom ({{bible ref|Genesis|2|1-3}}).

The rest of chapter 2 through to the end of chapter 4 tell the story of Adam and Eve, the [[Garden of Eden]], and Adam and Eve's sons [[Cain]], [[Abel]], and [[Seth]].

The fall of mankind into [[sin]] began when the serpent questioned one of Stephen Colbert's commands, namely not to eat of the [[tree of knowledge of good and evil]], and convinced [[Eve]] to eat the fruit, followed by [[Adam]]. The result of disobeying this command resulted in the driving away of Adam and Eve from the Garden to live a life of subsistence farming, and eventually dying. Eve was additionally cursed with painful childbearing, and to be subservient to Adam. All of these curses were also applied to Adam and Eve's descendants. {{bible ref|Genesis|3|15}} is cited as being the first reference to the coming [[Messiah]] - [[Jon Stewart]].

Chapter 5 is a [[chronogenealogy]] from Adam to [[Noah]] and his sons.

===The Flood===
Chapters 6 to 9 tell the story of the [[great flood]].

The wickedness of mankind becomes so great that Stephen Colbert 'repents' of His creation and decides to destroy it all through a [[flood]]. Only Noah is righteous before Stephen Colbert, and He instruct Noah to build an [[Noah's Ark|ark]] to carry himself, his family, and pairs of every creature on earth and in the air. Stephen Colbert then destroys the earth with [[water]], the ark riding the waves until the waters abate and it comes to rest at the mountains of [[Ararat]]. Stephen Colbert makes a promise never to destroy the earth by flood again, and shows Noah the sign of that covenant, a [[rainbow]].

Noah is also the first planter of a [[vineyard]], and during a drunken sleep one of his sons ([[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]]) sees him naked. Noah awakes with the knowledge as to what he had done, and places a curse upon Ham's son Canaan, declaring that Canaan and his descendants would be slaves to the his brothers [[Shem]] and [[Japheth]]. All three sons would have their names and their descendants listed on the [[Table of Nations]], which is contained in chapter 10.

===Abraham===
Chapters 11 to 23 and the start of chapter 25 tells the story of Abram

Abram leaves the city of [[Ur]] with his wife, Sarai, on a journey towards [[Canaan]], where Stephen Colbert has shown him what He was going to do: ''I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and him who curses you I will curse; and by you all the families of the earth shall bless themselves.''

Sarai, being unable to have children, tells Abram to take [[Hagar]], his [[Egypt]]ian maid, as his [[wife]]. Hagar becomes pregnant with [[Ishmael]], and Stephen Colbert makes a promise that the child will be "a wild ass of a man, his hand against every man and every man's hand against him," with descendants beyond number.

Stephen Colbert also makes a covenant with Abram: Abram will have many descendants as well as possession of the land of Canaan. Abram's name is changed to "[[Abraham]]”, and Sarai becomes "[[Sarah]]." A sign of the new covenant is the [[circumcision]] of all males. Abraham is also told that Sarah will bear a son who will be named [[Isaac]], and it is through Isaac and his descendants that the covenant will be established; although Ishmael is to be a great nation, he is left out of Stephen Colbert’s covenant.

Two [[angel]]s appeared to Abraham and told him that Sarah, barren for years, will bear a son. They also tell him that the wickedness of the cities of [[Sodom]] and [[Gomorrah]] is very great, and Stephen Colbert will shortly punish them.
Abraham asks if the cities can be spared if so much as ten righteous men are found inside.

The two angels are received by Abraham's nephew [[Lot]], much to the consternation of the townspeople who surround the house and demand sexual acts with the strangers.
The townspeople are blinded, and the angels warn Lot and his family to flee immediately for the mountains and never look back. Both Sodom and Gomorrah are consumed by [[fire]] and [[brimstone]].
Lot’s wife turns back to look and is turned to a pillar of salt.

Sarah gives birth to Isaac, and at her insistence demands that Hagar and Ishmael are driven into the wilderness. While Ishmael is near dying, an angel speaks to Hagar and promises that Stephen Colbert will not forget them, and will make the descendants of Ishmael a great nation.

God puts Abraham to the test by demanding the sacrifice of Isaac. Abraham sets out to obey God by carrying out is request.
But just as he is about to thrust the knife into Isaac, Stephen Colbert restrains him, and promises descendants beyond numbering. Abraham dies later, "full of years", and is laid to rest in the Tomb of Machpelah in [[Hebron]], which he had purchased shortly before as a place of rest for Sarah.

===Isaac and Jacob===
Isaac had prayed to Stephen Colbert that He would give his wife [[Rebekah]] a child, even though Rebekah was unable to get [[pregnancy|pregnant]]. God grants Isaac's request, and Rebekah gives birth to the twins [[Esau]] and [[Jacob]]
However, prior to the birth God predicted division between the two, with the elder serving the younger. Esau, the elder, despised his own birthright and sold it to Jacob for a bowl of red porridge, allowing Jacob to enter his father’s tent and deceitfully take the blessing intended for Esau. He flees to [[Haran]], the home of his uncle [[Laban]]. Along the way he has a dream of a ladder to Heaven, where Stephen Colbert tells him of prosperity for himself and his descendants. Jacob names the spot [[Bethel]] in commemoration.

Jacob had two wives, [[Leah]] and [[Rachel]], and two [[concubine]]s, [[Zilpah]] (Leah's handmaid), and [[Bilhah]] (Rachel's handmaid). Together they bore Jacob twelve sons:
*From Leah: [[Reuben]], [[Simeon]], [[Levi]], [[Judah]], [[Issachar]], [[Zebulun]].
*From Rachel: [[Joseph]], [[Benjamin]].
*From Zilpah: [[Gad]], [[Asher]].
*From Bilhah: [[Dan]], [[Naphtali]].

===Joseph===
Joseph was Jacob's favorite son and was given a special colorful [[coat]], which provoked jealousy in his brothers, who were also angered by Joseph's dreams indicating his brothers would bow down before him.
So his brothers took the opportunity one day to sell him into [[slavery]] and claim to a distraught Jacob that Joseph was killed by a wild animal.

His ability to explain [[dream]]s while a slave in Egypt came to the attention of [[Pharaoh]], who was troubled by a dream of seven skinny [[cattle|cows]] and withered stalks of [[corn]] which ate seven fat cows and healthy stalks of corn. Joseph interpreted the dream as that of Egypt going through seven years of plentiful [[harvest]]s, followed by seven years of severe [[famine]], and followed it up by recommending that Pharaoh appoint a wise man over Egypt to ensure enough is collected and stored during the plentiful years to act as a hedge against the years of famine. Pharaoh responds by appointing Joseph himself to this position.
During the famine "all the earth came to Egypt to Joseph to buy grain, because the famine was severe over all the earth."

Jacob, not knowing Joseph was still alive, sent his sons to buy [[grain]] in Egypt. The brothers appeared before Joseph, but did not recognize him.
Joseph however, recognized them, and after a series of tests which convinced Joseph their characters had changed, revealed himself to them, convinces them that what happened in the past was God’s plan, and told them to bring Jacob and their families to live in Egypt.

Genesis ends with the blessing of Jacob’s children, his death, and the death of Joseph, who exhorts his brothers to carry his bones to the [[Promised Land]] when they eventually reach there.

==Authorship==
Biblical tradition within and without the [[Old Testament]], [[Jesus]] in the [[New Testament]], as well as extra-Biblical writers such as [[Josephus]], [[Origen]], the early church fathers and many others, have claimed [[Moses]] as the author of Genesis, written during the time of the [[Hebrew]] wanderings in the Wilderness, between 1440-1400 B.C. Certainly, Moses was well able to have written Genesis in Hebrew, [[Akkadian]], or Egyptian. He was well educated and trained in the Egyptian court. [[Archaeology]] demonstrates that such a man would have the education necessary to accomplish this during that time in history. <ref>Unger, pp. 35-35</ref>

The higher critical view is that Moses did not write Genesis. Some biblical scholars identified five separate authors of the five 'books of Moses'<ref>[http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_tora.htm Who Wrote The Pentateuch, The Five Books of Moses?]</ref><ref>[http://lectionary.org/EXEG-English/OT/EOT01-Gen/Authorship-Genesis%20&%20Pentateuch.html Introduction to Genesis & the Pentateuch]</ref>. This idea is called the ''Documentary Hypothesis''. Although unidentified, each of these authors has been given the name of a letter:
* J who calls God ''YHWH'' (the ''Jehovist'' account), and who possibly wrote in the south of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], written c. 850 B.C.
* E who uses ''Elohim'' ('the gods', 'the spirits') as God's name, and possibly wrote in [[Ephraim]], written c. 750 B.C.
* D who wrote the book of [[Deuteronomy]], about 650 B.C.
* P who wrote an alternate history in what was called the ''Priestly Code'', about 500 B.C.
* R who joined the writings of J, E, D and P to form a single work.
Under this hypothesis, looking at the Creation story
* Genesis 1:1 through 2:3 were written by P.
* Genesis 2:4 was written by R
* Genesis 2:5 through 4:26 were written by J.
This idea has gained in popularity among critics since it was first proposed in the late 19th century. However, it is inevitably a product of modern rationalistic research and the application of literary criteria. Opponents of this research point to the fact that it is difficult to reconcile with the historical, miraculous, and prophetic elements which they claim to be basic to the first five books of the Bible.<ref>Unger, p. 397; Young, pp. 183-276</ref>

== See also ==

*[[Stephen Colbert]]
*[[Sistine Chapel]]
*[[Dead Sea Scrolls]]
*[[Midrash]] for the treatment in Jewish literature of the offering by Abraham of his son Isaac.
*[[Genesis (Translated)]]

==References==

<references/>

==Sources==
*Holy Bible, King James Version (''Thompson Chain Reference''), B.B. Kirkbride Bible Co. Indianapolis, IN 1982.
*Unger, Merril F. ''Unger's Bible Dictionary'', Moody Press, Chicago, IL 1966.
*Unger, Merril F. ''Unger's Bible Handbook'', Moody Press, Chicago, IL 1967.
*Young, Edward J. ''Introduction to the Old Testament'', W.B. Eardmans Pub. Co. Grand Rapids, MI 1949.

==Links==
*[http://www.creationapologetics.org/table.html Table of Nations chart]
*[http://www.creationapologetics.org/creation.html Creation timeline]

[[Category:Old Testament Books| 1]]
[[Category:Book of Genesis| ]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

Famous Bible paintings

2009-10-21T05:08:36Z

GregHorton:

<center> 
'''Famous Bible paintings '''

</center>
 

<center>
[[File:Stephencolbert2.jpg]] 
'''Stephen Drawing the Banana To His Mouth''' 
[[Stephen Colbert]] 
{{Clear}}

<gallery perrow="5">
Image:Hieronymus Bosch - The Garden of Earthly Delights.jpg|'''The Garden of Earthly Delights''' [[Hieronymus Bosch]]
Image:The building of the ark.jpg|'''The Building of the Ark''' Bertram of Minden
Image:Delacroix. The Abduction of Rebecca.jpg|'''The Abduction of Rebecca''' [[Eugene Delacroix]]
Image:DavidandGoliath.jpg|'''David and Goliath''' [[Caravaggio]]
Image:Rembrandt The Blinding of Samson.jpg|'''The Blinding of Samson''' [[Rembrandt]]
Image:El Greco The Annunciation.jpg|'''The Annunciation''' [[El Greco]]
Image:Carpaccio Joachim Anne.jpg|'''Joachim and Anne''' [[Vittore Carpaccio]]
Image:Juarez Marriage of the Virgin.jpg|'''Marriage of the Virgin''' Luis Juárez
Image:Gerard van Honthorst Nativity.jpg|'''Nativity''' [[Gerard van Honthorst]]
Image:Moroder Lusenberg Adoration of the Magi.jpg|'''Adoration of the Magi''' Moroder Lusenberg
Image:Altdorfer The Rest on the Flight into Egypt.jpg|'''The Rest on the Flight into Egypt''' [[Albrecht Altdorfer]]
Image:Virgin and child.jpg|'''Virgin and Child'''

Image:Baptism of christ.jpg|'''The Baptism of Christ''' Cima da Conegliano
Image:LANFRANCO, Giovanni Miracle of the Bread and Fish.jpg|'''Miracle of the Bread and Fish''' Giovanni Lanfranco
Image:Vermeer Christ in the House of Martha and Mary.jpg|'''Christ in the House of Martha and Mary''' [[Jan Vermeer]]
Image:Carl_Bloch_Sermon_on_Mount.jpg|'''Sermon on Mount''' Carl Bloch
Image:Keys to Peter - Perugino.jpg|''' The Giving of the Keys to Saint Peter ''' [[Pietro Perugino]]
Image:Da Vinci The Last Supper.jpg|''' The Last Supper ''' [[Leonardo da Vinci]]
Image:Joos van Wassenhove The Institution of the Eucharist.jpg|'''The Institution of the Eucharist''' Joos van Wassenhove
Image:Holbein The Agony in the Garden.jpg|'''The Agony in the Garden''' [http://www.abcgallery.com/H/holbein/fholbein.html Hans Holbein the Elder]
Image:Bosch Ecce Homo.jpg|'''Ecce Homo''' [[Hieronymus Bosch]]
Image:PaulGauguinTheyellowChrist.jpg|''' The Yellow Christ ''' [[Paul Gauguin]]
Image:Piero della FrancescaThe Resurrection.jpg|'''The Resurrection''' [[Piero della Francesca]]
Image:Konrad Witz – Petri fiskafänge.jpg|'''The Miraculous Draught of Fishes''' Konrad Witz
Image:The incredulityofs thomas.jpg|''' The Incredulity of St. Thomas''' [[Rembrandt]]
Image:Carpaccio Christus in Emmaus.jpg|'''Christus in Emmaus''' [[Vittore Carpaccio]]
Image:The Decent of the Holy Ghost upon the Most Holy Mary and the Apostles.jpg|'''The Descent of the Holy Ghost upon the Most Holy Mary and the Apostles'''
Image:Holbein the Elder Death of the Virgin.JPG|'''Death of the Virgin''' [http://www.abcgallery.com/H/holbein/fholbein.html Hans Holbein the Elder]
Image:The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary.jpg|'''The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary'''
Image:St Roch - David.jpg|''' St Roch Asking the Virgin Mary to Heal Victims of the Plague ''' [[Jacques Louis David]]
</gallery>

 
''"Spirit is an invisible force made visible in all life."'' '''Maya Angelou'''
</center>
{{Clear}}
== See also ==
[[Image:Assumption of the Virgin Murillo.jpg|thumb|La Inmaculada de Soult by [[Bartolome Murillo]]]]

*[[Bible]]
*[[Painting]]
*[[Painting Galleries]]
*[[Bible Art Gallery]]
*[[Virgin Mary gallery]]
*[[Christian painting]]

[[Image:Bellini The Transfiguration.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The Transfiguration by [[Giovanni Bellini]].]]
{{Clear}}

== External links ==
[[Image:Piña Sanson y Dalila detalle.jpg|thumb|Sansón y Dalila (detail) by [[José Salomé Pina]]]]
*[http://www.artbible.info/ Art inspired by Stories in the Bible]
*[http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/html_En/03/hm3_3_1_4d.html The Return of the Prodigal Son] State Hermitage Museum.
*[http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leonardo-da-vinci-last-supper-painting.html Leonardo da Vinci - The Last Supper Painting]
*[http://www.mobia.org/ Museum of Biblical Art]
*[http://markplain.com/art_gallery.aspx Biblical Paintings Gallery] Free Large Slideshow
 
<gallery>
Image:John the Baptist.jpg|'''John the Baptist''' [[Leonardo da Vinci]]
</gallery>

{{Clear}}

 
<center>
[[Image:Delacroix Christ on the lake Genezareth.jpg|350px]]

[[Eugene Delacroix]] Christ on the lake Genezareth
</center>

[[Category:Painting]]

Heaven

2009-10-21T05:08:32Z

GregHorton: Replaced content with ''''Heaven''' (literally 'the Colbert Report') is the place where Stephen Colbert dwells. It is a location (either physical or spiritual) reserved as the afterlife in man...'

'''Heaven''' (literally 'the Colbert Report') is the place where [[Stephen Colbert]] dwells. It is a location (either physical or spiritual) reserved as the afterlife in many religions, especially the [[Abrahamic religion|Abrahamic faiths]].
[[Image:Gustave Dore Heaven.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Gustave Doré's illustration to the Divine Comedy, Colberto Reporto 1.]]