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Talk:Stalking horse candidate

2019-08-13T23:55:24Z

Goldwatergrrl: Created page with "== Democrats == It would be interesting to see comments on the 2020 Democrat nomination [organic fertilizer]-show. ~~~~"

== Democrats ==
It would be interesting to see comments on the 2020 Democrat nomination [organic fertilizer]-show. [[User:Goldwatergrrl|Goldwatergrrl]] ([[User talk:Goldwatergrrl|talk]]) 19:55, 13 August 2019 (EDT)

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-22T04:56:13Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters: */

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Church Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|(not released)
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>
|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>
|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>
|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>
|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 17, 2018
|Tim O. Day
|Tumwater, WA
|In two sequential carjackings, the suspect shot a 16-year old boy, and proceeded to a Walmart, where he fired at a locked ammunition display case. The suspect then attempted to hijack another car (3 attempts), and shot and critically injured a second driver at the Walmart parking lot. He was engaged by two armed citizens, who apparently took issue with the suspect's approach to acquiring vehicles, and a third citizen engaged the suspect from his car. The suspect didn't survive the encounter.

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Laveen, AZ (Phoenix area)
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> (''NOTE: some stories have this reported as occurring July 19, 2013.'')

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-Defense]]

Pay as you throw

2018-06-20T01:50:11Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Disadvantages */ multifamily, public trash

'''Pay as you throw''' (PAYT) is the name commonly given to garbage disposal methods in which customers pay for each unit of garbage that they produce. This system is usually in contrast to a flat tax system, in which a municipality levies a garbage tax that is the same regardless of how much garbage one produces.

==Advantages of PAYT==
*Under PAYT, there is a strong incentive to reduce garbage output, since each unit of garbage is extra cost. Thus, more [[Recycling|recyclable]], [[Composting|compostable]], and reusable waste will be kept from entering the [[landfill]]. In one case, a PAYT system caused garbage output to be cut about 50 percent, while the recycling rate grew by 150 percent.<ref>http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/pay-as-you-throw-cuts-landfill.php</ref>
*PAYT is a more equitable system than a flat tax, because an individual must pay for what he produces, no more or less. PAYT is a market-based system which requires individual responsibility.
*PAYT is often implemented with "complementary services", which typically include municipal recycling and mulching, and which further increases recycling.

==Disadvantages==
*PAYT may increase the amount of illegal dumping (fly tipping), since users may try to get rid of garbage for free.
*A flat tax provides a stable source of revenue for a municipality, whereas PAYT is variable and may be with a private company instead of a municipal government.
*Some implementations of PAYT can add complexity in the form of tag purchases and other arrangements, which can be burdensome to citizens.
*Some implementations of PAYT (e.g., weight fees) involve significant capital and administrative costs.
*Implementation in multifamily housing with common waste disposal facilities is often problematic.
*PAYT makes it difficult for cities to maintain public trashcans, e.g., in parks, because it creates an incentive for abuse.

==External links==
*[http://www.lambertvillenj.org/filestorage/94/Lambertville_PAYT_11-01-10.pdf] (The City of Lambertville, NJ, prepared an evaluation of PAYT vs. flat tax, which summarizes the pros and cons of both systems)
[[Category:Environmental Stewardship]]

*[http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/index.htm] (EPA page outlining and advocating the benefits of PAYT over flat tax)

==See also==
*[[Landfill]]
*[[Recycling]]
*[[Composting]]
*[[Essay: Real Environmentalism]]

==References==
<references/>

Pay as you throw

2018-06-19T03:02:58Z

Goldwatergrrl: capital and administrative costs

'''Pay as you throw''' (PAYT) is the name commonly given to garbage disposal methods in which customers pay for each unit of garbage that they produce. This system is usually in contrast to a flat tax system, in which a municipality levies a garbage tax that is the same regardless of how much garbage one produces.

==Advantages of PAYT==
*Under PAYT, there is a strong incentive to reduce garbage output, since each unit of garbage is extra cost. Thus, more [[Recycling|recyclable]], [[Composting|compostable]], and reusable waste will be kept from entering the [[landfill]]. In one case, a PAYT system caused garbage output to be cut about 50 percent, while the recycling rate grew by 150 percent.<ref>http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/pay-as-you-throw-cuts-landfill.php</ref>
*PAYT is a more equitable system than a flat tax, because an individual must pay for what he produces, no more or less. PAYT is a market-based system which requires individual responsibility.
*PAYT is often implemented with "complementary services", which typically include municipal recycling and mulching, and which further increases recycling.

==Disadvantages==
*PAYT may increase the amount of illegal dumping, since users may try to get rid of garbage for free.
*A flat tax provides a stable source of revenue for a municipality, whereas PAYT is variable and may be with a private company instead of a municipal government.
*Some implementations of PAYT can add complexity in the form of tag purchases and other arrangements.
*Some implementations of PAYT (e.g., weight fees) involve significant capital and administrative costs.

==External links==
*[http://www.lambertvillenj.org/filestorage/94/Lambertville_PAYT_11-01-10.pdf] (The City of Lambertville, NJ, prepared an evaluation of PAYT vs. flat tax, which summarizes the pros and cons of both systems)
[[Category:Environmental Stewardship]]

*[http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/index.htm] (EPA page outlining and advocating the benefits of PAYT over flat tax)

==See also==
*[[Landfill]]
*[[Recycling]]
*[[Composting]]
*[[Essay: Real Environmentalism]]

==References==
<references/>

Pay as you throw

2018-06-19T02:59:05Z

Goldwatergrrl: "complementary services"

'''Pay as you throw''' (PAYT) is the name commonly given to garbage disposal methods in which customers pay for each unit of garbage that they produce. This system is usually in contrast to a flat tax system, in which a municipality levies a garbage tax that is the same regardless of how much garbage one produces.

==Advantages of PAYT==
*Under PAYT, there is a strong incentive to reduce garbage output, since each unit of garbage is extra cost. Thus, more [[Recycling|recyclable]], [[Composting|compostable]], and reusable waste will be kept from entering the [[landfill]]. In one case, a PAYT system caused garbage output to be cut about 50 percent, while the recycling rate grew by 150 percent.<ref>http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/pay-as-you-throw-cuts-landfill.php</ref>
*PAYT is a more equitable system than a flat tax, because an individual must pay for what he produces, no more or less. PAYT is a market-based system which requires individual responsibility.
*PAYT is often implemented with "complementary services", which typically include municipal recycling and mulching, and which further increases recycling.

==Disadvantages==
*PAYT may increase the amount of illegal dumping, since users may try to get rid of garbage for free.
*A flat tax provides a stable source of revenue for a municipality, whereas PAYT is variable and may be with a private company instead of a municipal government.
*Some implementations of PAYT can add complexity in the form of tag purchases and other arrangements.

==External links==
*[http://www.lambertvillenj.org/filestorage/94/Lambertville_PAYT_11-01-10.pdf] (The City of Lambertville, NJ, prepared an evaluation of PAYT vs. flat tax, which summarizes the pros and cons of both systems)
[[Category:Environmental Stewardship]]

*[http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/index.htm] (EPA page outlining and advocating the benefits of PAYT over flat tax)

==See also==
*[[Landfill]]
*[[Recycling]]
*[[Composting]]
*[[Essay: Real Environmentalism]]

==References==
<references/>

Pay as you throw

2018-06-19T02:53:39Z

Goldwatergrrl: complexity

'''Pay as you throw''' (PAYT) is the name commonly given to garbage disposal methods in which customers pay for each unit of garbage that they produce. This system is usually in contrast to a flat tax system, in which a municipality levies a garbage tax that is the same regardless of how much garbage one produces.

==Advantages of PAYT==
*Under PAYT, there is a strong incentive to reduce garbage output, since each unit of garbage is extra cost. Thus, more [[Recycling|recyclable]], [[Composting|compostable]], and reusable waste will be kept from entering the [[landfill]]. In one case, a PAYT system caused garbage output to be cut about 50 percent, while the recycling rate grew by 150 percent.<ref>http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/08/pay-as-you-throw-cuts-landfill.php</ref>
*PAYT is a more equitable system than a flat tax, because an individual must pay for what he produces, no more or less. PAYT is a market-based system which requires individual responsibility.

==Disadvantages==
*PAYT may increase the amount of illegal dumping, since users may try to get rid of garbage for free.
*A flat tax provides a stable source of revenue for a municipality, whereas PAYT is variable and may be with a private company instead of a municipal government.
*Some implementations of PAYT can add complexity in the form of tag purchases and other arrangements.

==External links==
*[http://www.lambertvillenj.org/filestorage/94/Lambertville_PAYT_11-01-10.pdf] (The City of Lambertville, NJ, prepared an evaluation of PAYT vs. flat tax, which summarizes the pros and cons of both systems)
[[Category:Environmental Stewardship]]

*[http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/index.htm] (EPA page outlining and advocating the benefits of PAYT over flat tax)

==See also==
*[[Landfill]]
*[[Recycling]]
*[[Composting]]
*[[Essay: Real Environmentalism]]

==References==
<references/>

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-18T23:46:28Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims */ (Tumwater update)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|(not released)
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>
|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>
|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>
|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>
|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 17, 2018
|Tim O. Day
|Tumwater, WA
|In two sequential carjackings, the suspect shot a 16-year old boy, and proceeded to a Walmart, where he fired at a locked ammunition display case. The suspect then attempted to hijack another car (3 attempts), and shot and critically injured a second driver at the Walmart parking lot. He was engaged by two armed citizens, who apparently took issue with the suspect's approach to acquiring vehicles, and a third citizen engaged the suspect from his car. The suspect didn't survive the encounter.

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Laveen, AZ (Phoenix area)
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> (''NOTE: some stories have this reported as occurring July 19, 2013.'')

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-18T06:40:04Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims */ Tumwater

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|(not released)
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>
|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>
|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>
|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>
|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 17, 2018
|(not named)
|Tumwater, WA
|In two sequential carjackings, the suspect shot a 16-year old girl, and shot and critically injured a second driver at a Walmart parking lot. The suspect then attempted to hijack another car, and engaged two armed citizens who apparently took issue with the suspect's approach to acquiring vehicles. A third citizen engaged the suspect from his car. The suspect didn't survive the encounter.

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Laveen, AZ (Phoenix area)
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> (''NOTE: some stories have this reported as occurring July 19, 2013.'')

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-17T16:05:01Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims */ phoenix story details

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|(not released)
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>
|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>
|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>
|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>
|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Laveen, AZ (Phoenix area)
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> (''NOTE: some stories have this reported as occurring July 19, 2013.'')

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-17T15:40:40Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters: */

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|(not released)
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>
|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>
|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>
|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>
|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-17T15:37:36Z

Goldwatergrrl: (NBSP in names)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|(not released)
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>
|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>
|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>
|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>
|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-17T15:33:49Z

Goldwatergrrl: (NBSP in names)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Judea and Samaria

2018-06-16T23:16:12Z

Goldwatergrrl: name "West Bank"

[[Image:West_Bank.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A map of the West Bank]]
The '''West Bank''' is the most commonly used secular name used to refer to the ancient [[Jewish]] homelands of [[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]. The name ''West Bank'' was used by Jordan (a the time ''The Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan,'') to area controlled under the [[|1949 Armistice Agreements at the end of [[1948 Arab-Israeli War|(Israeli) War of Independence]],

The region is located in the west bank of the [[Jordan River]] near [[Jerusalem]]. The land is bitterly disputed between Jewish and [[Arab]] settlers in the region. The West Bank has been controlled by [[Israel]] since the [[Six-Day War]] (1967). The West Bank is not officially part of any country.

[[Category:Palestine]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T22:52:59Z

Goldwatergrrl: (grammar - "who was" to "was")

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T22:50:52Z

Goldwatergrrl: (bolding and capitalization of publicized events)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs Shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School Dance Shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas Shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church Shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T22:48:22Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* United States */ (bolding names of publicized shootings)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|'''''Pulse Nightclub Shooting''''' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T22:46:40Z

Goldwatergrrl: redirect to List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

#REDIRECT [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]]

Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T22:41:16Z

Goldwatergrrl: Merged page!

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

The following are incomplete lists of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens:

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T22:38:08Z

Goldwatergrrl: Reference to existing page on same topic. Will probably convert this list to a redirect.

The article [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]] contains several lists of instances in which mass shootings were [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]].

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-06-16T22:34:00Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Talk:Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T22:17:46Z

Goldwatergrrl:

==Great idea!==
Thanks for making this page! The problem is, it's hard to find referencable sources for this. For example, I member a case in an Ohio mall a few years ago where a would-be mass murderer took his own life when he saw a legal gun owner brandishing. In fact, the murderer who shot up the Sandy Hook CT school (I forget his name) was planning to shoot up a mall, but his notes showed that he found out about that Ohio incident, and changed his plans to a school instead.
Anyway, Good "luck"! --[[User:DavidB4|David B]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|talk]]) 01:38, 10 April 2016 (EDT)
:::[https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action Found it] --[[User:DavidB4|David B]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 19:09, 8 May 2017 (EDT)
:Thanks, this is a topic that gets a lot of Google searches from what I can tell. It would be good to have all of this in one place and might bring in additional contributors.[[User:Progressingamerica|Progressingamerica]] ([[User talk:Progressingamerica|talk]]) 14:54, 10 April 2016 (EDT)

::It never hurts to try! If I may make a suggestion, you might want to stay away from the term "gunman" since the left uses this all the time to emphasize the "gun" portion of the term, as if guns are the problem, not the psychopath behind it. It's up to you of course, but I'd try to use just "man" or "murderer" instead. They have enough audience to push their bias onto, I'd prefer not to give them any more of one. Have a great day! --[[User:DavidB4|David B]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|talk]]) 22:47, 10 April 2016 (EDT)

:::I found a list someone else made of these, which might be worth looking at also. [http://blog.uritraining.com/?p=88 Here's the link.] --[[User:DavidB4|David B]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 19:11, 8 May 2017 (EDT)

==Merged page at [[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]]==
Thanks! I merged the material from this page, including the "table" format, with the [[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]]. The original intent was to move the material here, but then I realized that, if the page is to have '''List''' in the title, it would still need to be moved.

Other changes are ordering the entries into reverse chronological order. I'm not sure if that's optimum, but it seems that the most recent incidents have more visibility. I also added a few references when I needed to find the dates or locations, although that mostly applies to the entries previously in the [[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] page.

Please take a look at the merged page (which now is an expansion of this page) and see if it includes the original material from this page. If so, we can "redirect" from here.

:If all of this makes sense, we can "redirect" from here. {{unsigned|Goldwatergrrl}}
::No, all the material should be moved here. This article's title is much shorter, the page is a lot older, and it has more page views. If a duplicate page is created, we should show deference to the one that was created first (in addition to factors such as title length and page views). --[[User:1990'sguy|1990'sguy]] ([[User talk:1990'sguy|talk]]) 10:24, 16 June 2018 (EDT)

::I prefer to move it here, but is there a way to add "list" to the title? Alternatively, we could leave the "list" page up as a redirect. In other words, is it okay to have a page which is primarily a list not titled as "list". It would be possible to have the "list of" page point to this page as "The article [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]] contains several lists of such instances." That should work for now. [[User:Goldwatergrrl|Goldwatergrrl]] ([[User talk:Goldwatergrrl|talk]]) 18:17, 16 June 2018 (EDT)

Talk:Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T22:13:00Z

Goldwatergrrl:

Talk:List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T22:03:25Z

Goldwatergrrl:

==Should merge with ''[[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]]''==

The present article has far more entries, and several categories. The ''[[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]]'' article was first, and displays the data in a table.

After merging, I will try to make this page into a redirect, and try to change the title of the other page to begin with "List of". [[User:Goldwatergrrl|Goldwatergrrl]] ([[User talk:Goldwatergrrl|talk]]) 22:02, 15 June 2018 (EDT)
:One thing -- the other page is a list of ''mass shootings'' prevented, while this one appears to be just shootings in general prevented. These can easily be two different topics. --[[User:1990'sguy|1990'sguy]] ([[User talk:1990'sguy|talk]]) 22:20, 15 June 2018 (EDT)
: Update - this one has "List of" at the beginning of the title, so the merged content is here. (My preference would have been to move it over to the ''[[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]]'', because that one was first.)

Talk:Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens

2018-06-16T13:54:35Z

Goldwatergrrl: Suggestion of merging articles; material from this article merged with List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters.

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:39:44Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* France */ comment on Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur was "on tour" at Garland, Texas.

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president [[François Hollande]].<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:36:13Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter */ Somehow the Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur awarded by French president François Hollande ended up here!

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:32:38Z

Goldwatergrrl: (bolding for names of incidents)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|'''''Sutherland Springs shooting''''' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|'''''Clackamas Mall Shooting''''' - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|'''''Parker Middle School dance shooting''''' - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:29:55Z

Goldwatergrrl: (bolding for names of incidents)

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|'''''Garland, Texas shooting''''']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|'''''Colorado Springs Church shootings''''' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:25:56Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims */

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:24:38Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* United States */ re-ordered list to match most-recent first order of other lists

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T13:22:52Z

Goldwatergrrl: Merged Progressingamerica's list, ''[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]]'' (Thank you!) with the present article. REASON: This article uses the term "List" in the title.

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-06-16T13:04:01Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

This article is an (incomplete) '''list of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters''' in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved.

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-06-16T04:44:32Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

This article is an (incomplete) '''list of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters''' in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved.

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|Oct 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-06-16T04:43:33Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

This article is an (incomplete) '''list of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters''' in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved.

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|October 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-06-16T04:39:11Z

Goldwatergrrl: merged article. Will review and post

===SANDBOX===

This article is an (incomplete) '''list of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters''' in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved.

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|May 24, 2018
|Carlos Nazario, Bryan Wittle
|Oklahoma City, OK
|Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>
|-
|Nov. 17, 2017
|Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr.
|Rockledge, FL
|Bailey, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Nov. 5, 2017
|Devin Patrick Kelley
|Sutherland Springs, TX
|''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - At First Baptist Church in Southerland Springs, Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Oct. 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Clearlake Oaks, CA
|Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''
|-
|Sep. 24, 2017
|Emanuel Kidega Samson
|Antioch, TN
|On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2017
|James Jones
|Arlington, TX
|At Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>
|-
|Sep 28, 2016
|Jesse Dewitt Osborne
|Townville, SC
| Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>
|-
|Jun 26, 2016
|Jody Ray Thompson
|Spartanburg, SC
|An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|Mar 21, 2016
|James Howard
|Logan, OH
|Gun shop owner in Logan refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|Apr 17, 2015
|Everardo Custodio
|Chicago
|At Chicago’s Logan Square, Uber driverEverardo Custodio was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>
|-
|Mar. 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Jul 24, 2014
|Richard Plotts
|Media, PA
|At Fitzgerald Hospital, in Media, PA, psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

|-
|Dec. 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Sep 9, 2012
|William Allabaugh
|Plymouth, PA
|Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>
|-
|Jul 13, 2012
|Davis Dawkins, Duwayne Henderson
|Ocala, FL
|A 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref>{http://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130430/News/604141611/OS/ 1 of 2 suspects sentenced for attempted robbery at Palms Internet Cafe], ocala.com, Ocala Star-Banner (Apr 30, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>
|-
|Mar 25, 2012
|Jesse Gates
|Spartanburg, S.C.
|Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

|-
|May 2–3, 2009
|Calvin Lavant, Jamal Hill
|Atlanta
|Lavant and Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>
|-
|May 25, 2008
|Ernesto Villa Gomez
|Winnemucca, NV
|At about 02:25, Ernesto Villa Gomez. 30, walked into Player's Bar & Grill and starting shooting. 20-year-old Jose Torres and his 19-year-old brother Margarito Torres were killed. Villa Gomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. When Villa Gomez was reloading his semi-automatic gun, a man from Reno, with a CDW, shot Villa Gomez. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" /><ref>[http://www.ktvn.com/story/8378732/three-men-killed-in-winnemucca-shooting-on-sunday Three Men Killed in Winnemucca Shooting on Sunday], KTVN TV website (May 25, 2008)</ref>
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO
|Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

|-
|Apr. 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".
|-
|October 1, 1997
|Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|At Pearl High School, Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref><ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Sep 13, 2017
|Caleb Sharpe
|Rockford, WA
|On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|Jul 30, 2017
|Rick Whited
|Gateway, CO
|Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />
|-
|May 3, 2015
|Elton Simpson, Nadir Soofi, Abdul Kareem (accomplice)
|Garland, TX
|[[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] - At the Culwell Center in Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

|-
|Sep 24, 2014
|Alton Nolen
|Moore, OK
|Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Jan 31, 2013
|(unnamed attacker)
|Atlanta
|A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|Dec 9, 2007
|Matthew Murray
|Colorado Springs, CO
|''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>
|-
|}

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|Jun 11-12, 2016
|[[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]]
|Orlando
|''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' - [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

|-
|Oct 23, 2017
|Alan Ashmore
|Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, CA
|On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.
|-
|}

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details

|-
|Jun 9, 2013
|Brandon Alexander Perez
|Stanton, CA
|
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who uses a wheelchair. Brandon Alexander Perez, 31, was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jan-cooper-calif-grandma-fires-gun-and-scares-off-intruder-cops-say/ Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], Jan Cooper, Calif. grandma, fires gun and scares off intruder, cops say], CBS News (June 12, 2013)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 21, 2012
|(not named)
|Phoenix
|A 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref>[www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/23/phoenix-boy-14-shoots-armed-intruder-while-watching-three-younger-siblings.html Phoenix boy, 14, shoots armed intruder while watching three younger siblings], Fox News (June 23, 2012)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Dec 31, 2011
|Dustin Stewart
|Blanchard, OK
|Sarah McKinley, an 18-year-old mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>

|-
|Aug 30, 2010
|Michael O'Neal Bynum
|Decatur, AL
|A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 6, 2015
|(not named)
|Ashtabula, OH
|A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref>[http://ashtabulacurrent.com/pregnant-mother-of-two-shoots-home-intruder-in-chest/ Pregnant mother of two shoots home intruder in chest], Ashtabula Current (January 7, 2015)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

|-
|Jan 2, 2006
|(not named)
|Elkhart, IN
|A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref>[https://www.nwitimes.com/news/state-and-regional/store-clerk-shoots-would-be-robber-police-say/article_4379248b-ecb0-5053-b459-7268964b2057.html Store clerk shoots would-be robber, police say], Northwest Indiana Times (January 3, 2006)</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

Talk:List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-06-16T02:02:43Z

Goldwatergrrl: Merge with ''Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens''

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-06-16T01:58:26Z

Goldwatergrrl: merging articles

===SANDBOX===

This article is a '''list of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters''' in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceeded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015_Thalys_train_attack&oldid=834187563 Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did, in fact, stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), [[Omar Mateen|Omar Mir Seddique Mateen]], 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in [[Orlando]], Florida. After a 3-hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "[[West Bank]]" territories ([[Judea]] and [[Samaria]]) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==See also==
* [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

Every year, mass shootings are [[Armed self-defense|prevented by armed citizens]], and these stories go with very little reporting, or completely unreported altogether, with [[media bias]] being one of the reasons why.

This is an incomplete list of instances where mass shootings and loss of life have been prevented by armed, law-abiding citizens.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Name(s)
!Location
!Details
|-
|2016
|James Howard
|Gun shop owner refused to sell a gun to a customer, even though he passed a background check.<ref>[http://theweek.com/speedreads/615472/gun-shop-owner-refuses-sell-gun-eligible-customer-possibly-prevents-mass-shooting Gun shop owner refuses to sell gun to eligible customer, possibly prevents mass shooting]</ref>
|-
|2016
|Everardo Custodio
|
|An Uber driver was waiting for pedestrians to cross the street when a man began firing into the crowd.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/21/uber-bans-guns-after-driver-uses-one-to-stop-attempted-mass-shooting/ Uber Bans Guns After Driver Uses One to Stop Attempted Mass Shooting], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref>
|-
|2016
|Jody Ray Thompson

||An irate man opened fire on patrons waiting to enter into the Playoffz nightclub. In self-defense, someone returned fire stopping the incident.<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/jun/30/concealed-carrier-takes-down-shooter-at-south-caro/ Concealed carrier takes down shooter at South Carolina nightclub], [[Washington Times]]</ref>
|-
|2016
|Cesar Perez, James Jones
|
|Random patron armed with multiple weapons came in yelling incoherent and strange things, and fired on an employee. Another person on the scene with a concealed weapon took him down after he started shooting.<ref>[https://arlingtonvoice.com/arlington/crime-emergency/2017/05/04/shooter-acted-strange-taking-arlington-bar-managers-life Shooter acted strange before taking Arlington bar manager's life]</ref><ref>[https://bearingarms.com/jenn-j/2017/05/04/good-guy-gun-heralded-hero-arlington-police-patrons/ Good Guy With a Gun Heralded a Hero by Arlington Police, Patrons ]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* - -

|-
|Dec. 11, 2012
|Jacob Tyler Roberts
|Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area)
|Clackamas Mall Shooting - Roberts opened fire in an Oregon mall, killing two people. Nick Meli, who was also armed, brandished his pistol while taking cover. Meli did not risk firing due to a bystander behind the attacker. On seeing that Meli was armed, Roberts used his next shot to take his own life. Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.<ref>https://politicalvelcraft.org/2012/12/18/oregon-mall-shooter-stopped-by-armed-citizen-new-world-order-media-censored-repeatedly-intentionally-the-second-amendment-in-action</ref>
|-
|Mar. 22, 2015
|Not released
|Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia
|A man opened fire in a barber shop. After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html Gunman Shot, Killed Inside West Philly Barbershop], ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015</ref>

|-
|Apr. 24, 1998
|Andrew Wurst
|Edinboro, PA
|Parker Middle School dance shooting - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

|-
|1997
|Joel Myrick, Luke Woodham
|Pearl River, MS
|A student came on campus armed with a gun. Assistant principal Joel Myrick, also with a gun, prevented the student from going on a Columbine-style rampage.<ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/170254/how-assistant-principal-gun-stopped-school-shooter-daniel-greenfield How an Assistant Principal With a Gun Stopped a School Shooter], [[FrontPage Magazine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.patrickkphillips.com/journo/media-bias-accusations-dont-exactly-tell-whole-story-pearl-river-ms-shootings/ Media Bias Accusations Don’t Exactly Tell Whole Story], patrickkphillips.com (July 11, 2013)</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
*[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]]
*[[List of atheist shooters and serial killers]]
*[[Young mass murderers]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Self-defense‏‎]]

==References==

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-05-28T23:35:58Z

Goldwatergrrl: reflist|2 (2 columns)

This article is a '''list of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters''' in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidentally shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===France===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planned an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-05-28T17:46:57Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims */

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.)

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}
<references/>

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-05-28T17:32:20Z

Goldwatergrrl: (added closing tag to refs)

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}
<references/>

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

Resin identification codes

2018-05-28T17:24:30Z

Goldwatergrrl: (fixed reference tag)

[[Image:Number1RIC.png|thumb|right|400px|An example of a resin identification symbol, for the common PETE plastic]]
'''Resin identification codes''', also known as "SPI codes"<ref name="azo">[https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=4425]</ref> are [[symbol]]s identifying the type of [[plastic]] an item is made of. They were created in 1988 by the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc to make the [[recycling]] of plastics easier.<ref>http://www.americanchemistry.com/s_plastics/doc.asp?CID=1102&DID=4644</ref>

The symbol consists of the triangular recycling symbol with a [[number]] and [[acronym]] in the middle. There are seven symbols, using the numbers one through seven.

The symbols are:

*1- PETE: Used primarily in [[bottle]]s, for products such as [[water]], juice, [[ketchup]], and others
*2- HDPE: Used for [[milk]] containers, detergent bottles, etc.
*3- PVC: Best known for its use in PVC piping, and difficult to recycle
*4- LDPE: Used largely where flexibility is necessary- plastic containers, plastic shopping bags, etc.
*5- PP: Also used in containers, such as for [[yogurt]] and at deli counters
*6- PS: Used primarily in foam packaging and insulation. Styrofoam is made from it
*7- Other: This is not a specific plastic, but a mix of the above, or a different kind not included in the identification codes. "Other" plastics are used in some large juice containers and reusable containers, and in "plastic lumber."<ref>http://www.americanchemistry.com/s_plastics/bin.asp?CID=1102&DID=4645&DOC=FILE.PDF</ref>

==Other Uses==
In addition to materials handling such as fabrication, repair and working<ref name="3M">[https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/company-us/all-3m-products/~/All-3M-Products/Adhesives-Tapes/Industrial-Adhesives-and-Tapes/Non-Structural-Adhesives/Plastic-Adhesives/?N=5002385+8710676+8710815+8710968+8711017+8713600+3294857497&rt=r3 3M article on plastic adhesives]</ref>, SPI codes should be used with caution because their purpose is to support [[recycling]] facilities.

'''Maintenance, Repair and Fabrication'''
SPI codes are useful for repair purposes because of differences between the use of adhesives, solvent bonding, and thermal bonding vary between plastic types.<ref name="3M" />

'''Microwave Safety'''
SPI codes do not indicate that a given container is safe for microwave use<ref name="microwavesafe">[http://www.skoozeme.com/techramblings/plastics.html Microwave Safe Plastics]</ref>, as only the base polymer is indicated by the code. While some plastic types are generally unsafe for microwave heating,<ref name="hunker">[https://www.hunker.com/12003478/what-are-the-numbers-that-say-that-plastic-is-safe-to-use-in-the-microwave-oven|Hunker - ''What Are the Numbers That Say That Plastic Is Safe to Use in the Microwave Oven?'']</ref> most references recommend avoiding the use of any plastic containers for microwave cooking,<ref name="hunker" /><ref name="microwavesafe" /> with occasional reports of containers labelled "microwave save" showing evidence of having reacted into food.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Environmental Stewardship]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-05-28T17:14:08Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens */ (fixed link)

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [[Homosexuality|homosexuals]], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-05-28T14:08:44Z

Goldwatergrrl: dates.

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 11). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 12), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [Homosexuality|homosexuals], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-05-28T14:04:16Z

Goldwatergrrl: Replaced content with "===SANDBOX=== List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters - article posted. ==References=="

===SANDBOX===

[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] - article posted.

==References==

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-05-28T14:03:41Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] - article posted.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-05-28T14:03:10Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] - article posted.

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 19). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 20), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [Homosexuality|homosexuals], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-05-28T14:02:39Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] - article posted.

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 19). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 20), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [Homosexuality|homosexuals], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-05-28T14:02:07Z

Goldwatergrrl:

===SANDBOX===

[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] - article posted.

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 19). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 20), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [Homosexuality|homosexuals], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==

User:Goldwatergrrl

2018-05-28T14:01:21Z

Goldwatergrrl: /* SANDBOX */

===SANDBOX===

[[List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters]] - article posted.

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 19). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 20), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [Homosexuality|homosexuals], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters

2018-05-28T13:10:46Z

Goldwatergrrl: Initial posting - let's see how it goes!

List of instances of armed citizens stopping active shooters in which mass shootings or elements of mass shootings were involved

==Spree killers and mass killings==
The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] defines "mass killings as "three or more killings in a single incident".<ref name="natrev">[https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/05/fbi-active-shooter-data-shows-importance-of-armed-citizens/ New FBI Data on Active Shooters Shows the Importance of Armed Citizens], ''National Review'' May 25, 2018</ref> A spree killer is someone who kills two or more victims in a short time, in multiple locations.<ref name="wikipedia">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spree_killer (definition in Wikipedia)]</ref>

==Incidents in which an armed citizen stopped an active shooter==

The concept of "A good guy with a gun can stop a bad guy with a gun" is a myth.<ref name="americanprogress">[https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/guns-crime/reports/2017/10/05/440373/myth-vs-fact-debunking-gun-lobbys-favorite-talking-points/ Myth vs. Fact: Debunking the Gun Lobby’s Favorite Talking Points], Center for American Progress - Most articles focus on specifics relating to training or otherwise qualify the statement, but the message is that citizens supposedly don't stop mass shooters.</ref>

=====... well, sort of.=====
The following lists incidents of armed citizens stopping a shooter. Some gun control advocates describe these as "a lucky break";<ref name="volokh_analysis">[https://reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' articls] reason.com/volokh/2018/05/14/civilians-with-guns-intervening-in-activ, describing claims of "a lucky break"</ref> however, it stretches credibility that such an armed confrontation would be pre-planned.

(The following lists do not include instances in which the "armed citizen" is the actual shooter committing suicide.)

The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] stated:
<blockquote>Armed and unarmed citizens engaged the shooter [during the 2016-2017 time frame] in 10 incidents. They safely and successfully ended the shootings in eight of those incidents. Their selfless actions likely saved many lives. 
The enhanced threat posed by active shooters and the swiftness with which active shooter incidents unfold support the importance of preparation by law enforcement officers and citizens alike.<ref name="fbi_report">[https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-us-2016-2017.pdf Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2016 and 2017], ''report'', US Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (.pdf)</ref></blockquote>

===United States===
According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], in 2016-17, In 10 incidents, citizens confronted the shooter. In eight of those incidents, one or more citizens safely and successfully acted to end the shooting.<ref name="fbi_report" />

=====The following is a partial list describing citizens engaging active shooters:=====

* Oklahoma City, OK, May 24, 2018 - Two armed men, Carlos Nazario and Bryan Wittle (who did not know each other), gunned down a shooter Thursday at in Louie's Grill & Bar, Oklahoma City, killing Alexander C. Tilghman, an attacker who had struck three people inside the restaurant from a position outside the front door of the restaurant.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/24/us/oklahoma-city-shooting/index.html Armed bystanders kill shooter at Oklahoma City restaurant], ''CNN'' May 25, 2018</ref>

* Rockledge, FL, November 17, 2017 - Robert Lorenzo Bailey, Jr., armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of Schlenker Automotive in Rockledge,. The manager of the auto repair shop and an employee, both possessing valid CDW permits, exchanged gunfire with the shooter. One person was killed; one was wounded. The shooter, shot twice during the exchange, was held at gunpoint by the manager until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref>[http://spacecoastdaily.com/2017/12/schlenkers-automotive-suspected-shooter-robert-bailey-indicted-by-brevard-grand-jury-on-first-degree-murder-charge/ Schlenker’s Automotive Suspected Shooter Robert Bailey Indicted By Brevard Grand Jury On First-Degree Murder Charge] ''Space Coast Daily'', December 19, 2017</ref><ref name="fbi_report" />

* ''Sutherland Springs shooting'' - First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, TX, November 5, 2017 - Devin Patrick Kelley, 26, armed with a rifle, exited his vehicle and began shooting outside the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He then entered the church and continued shooting at members of the congregation. The shooter exited the church and was confronted by a citizen who possessed a valid firearms permit. The citizen shot the shooter twice, causing the shooter to drop his rifle and flee the scene in his vehicle. The armed citizen, together with the owner of a pickup truck, pursued the shooter. The chase ended when the shooter’s vehicle struck a road sign and overturned. Twenty-six people were killed; 20 were<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Clearlake Oaks, CA, October 23, 2017 - Alan Ashmore, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the attendant, who possessed a CDW permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/motive-mystery-deadly-california-shooting-spree-killed/story?id=50678695 abcnews.go.com, October 24, 2017]</ref> ''Note: The citizen involvement appears to be limited to the gas station. The shooter was thwarted at the station, but not stopped there.''

* Antioch, TN, September 24, 2017 - Emanuel Kidega Samson, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A church usher who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nashville-church-shooting-robert-caleb-engle-emanuel-samson/ Nashville church usher praised for confronting accused gunman in deadly shooting], ''CBS News'', September 25, 2017</ref>

* Burnette Chapel Church of Christ - On September 24, 2017, at 11:15 a.m., Emanuel Kidega Samson, 25, armed with two handguns, allegedly began shooting in the parking lot of the Burnette Chapel Church of Christ in Antioch, Tennessee. After killing one person, the shooter entered the church and shot six people. A citizen who attempted to subdue the shooter was pistol-whipped. During the altercation, the shooter accidently shot himself. While the shooter was preoccupied, the citizen, who possessed a valid firearms permit, retrieved a handgun from his car and held the shooter at gunpoint until law enforcement arrived. One person was killed; seven were wounded. The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Zona Caliente Sports Bar, Arlington, TX, May 3, 2017 - James Jones walked inside the Zona Caliente Sports Bar, started yelling and then allegedly shot and killed Cesar Perez. An armed CDW permit holder then shot Jones. Police stated that Jones had another semiautomatic pistol with a filed-off serial number, and two knives on him.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/good-samaritan-kills-active-shooter-texas-sports-bar-police-n755136 'Good Samaritan' Kills Active Shooter in Texas Sports Bar: Police], NBC News, May 4, 2017</ref>

* Townville SC, September 28, 2016 - Townville Elementary School playground, Jesse Dewitt Osborne, 14, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting at the Townville Elementary School playground. Prior to the shooting, the shooter, a former student, killed his father at their home. Two people were killed, including one student; three were wounded, one teacher and two students. A volunteer firefighter, who possessed a CDW permit, restrained the shooter until law enforcement officers arrived and apprehended him.<ref>[http://www.wyff4.com/article/mother-of-teen-suspect-in-townville-shooting-releases-statement/7147275 www.wyff4.com, Sep 30, 2016]</ref>

* Logan Square, Chicago - On April 17, 2015, an Uber driver shot Everardo Custodio, who firing into a crowd. The driver pulled out a handgun and fired six shots at Custodio, hitting him several times. Responding officers found Custodio lying on the ground, bleeding. No other injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-uber-driver-shoots-gunman-met-0420-20150419-story.html ''Chicago Tribune'' story, April 20, 2015</ref>

* Falah Barber Shop, Philadelphia - March 22, 2015 - After unnamed gunman opened fire on customers and barbers at the barber shop following an argument, a legal gun permit carrier outside heard the gunfire, ran into the shop and took out his own gun. He then opened fire, striking the first gunman once in the chest. Philadelphia Police Captain Frank Llewellyn stated, "He responded and I guess he saved a lot of people in there."<ref>[https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/Man-Shot-in-the-Chest-Inside-West-Philly-Barbershop-297176271.html ''NBC News, Philadelphia'', Mar 22, 2015]</ref>
* Fitzgerald Hospital, Media, PA - July 24, 2014 - Psychiatric patient Richard Plotts who killed his caseworker — and grazed his psychiatrist. The psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Silverman, fired back, stopping the gunman.<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/07/26/official-suspect-in-deadly-hospital-shooting-had-lengthy-history-gun-arrests.html ''Fox News'' July 26, 2014], citing Associated Press</ref>

* Clackamas Mall Shooting - December 11, 2012, Clackamas Town Center, OR (Portland area) - Jacob Roberts shot two people and injured another before shooting himself. Nick Meli, with a CDW permit and carrying a Glock 22, confronted Roberts but did not fire because of a bystander in the line of fire. At that point Roberts retreated and committed suicide.<ref>[http://www.oregonlive.com/clackamascounty/index.ssf/2012/12/clackamas_town_center_shooting_61.html Clackamas Town Center shooting: 22 minutes of chaos and terror as a gunman meanders through the mall], ''Oregonlive - The Oregonian'', December 15, 2012</ref> ''Note: It is unclear whether Roberts killed himself because he was confronted by Nick Mili.
* Parker Middle School dance shooting - Edinboro, PA April 24, 1998 - At a school dance held at Nick’s Place banquet hall, Andrew Wurst murdered a science teacher, John Gillette, and wounded two classmates. The owner of the banquet hall confronted Wurst with a shotgun, and ordering Wurst to put his weapon down.<ref>[http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/crime/school-violence/andrew-wurst/ ''Andrew Wurst''], ''Criminal Justice Research''</ref><ref>[http://journaltimes.com/news/national/warning-signs-ignored/article_79ca5fc8-f1dd-512e-ab3d-6eda1671a681.html Warning signs ignored], ''The Journal Times'', Apr 27, 1998</ref> The dance theme was, "Had the Time of My Life".

* Plymouth, Pa. - September 9, 2012 - William Allabaugh killed one man and wounded another following an argument over Allabaugh being ejected from a bar. Allabaugh then approached a bar manager and Mark Ktytor and reportedly pointed his gun at them; Ktytor, who had a concealed-carry license, then shot Allabaugh.<ref>[http://citizensvoice.com/news/police-plymouth-homicide-suspect-shot-by-patron-1.1370815 ''The Citizen's Voice'' September 10, 2012]</ref>

* Ocala, FA, July 13, 2012 - 71-year-old man saved the lives of many at Palms Internet Cafe. When robbers entered the cafe with weapons, Samuel Williams pulled out his gun and scared off the suspects.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/florida-man-71-shoots-alleged-robbers-internet-cafe/story?id=16800859 ABC News, July 18, 2012</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle">[https://www.washingtontimes.com/multimedia/collection/good-guy-gun-stopped-bad-guy-gun/ 11 times a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy, saving lives], ''Washington Times'' slideshow listicle</ref>

* Spartanburg, S.C. - March 25, 2012 - Jesse Gates went to his church armed with a shotgun and kicked in a door. But Aaron Guyton, who had a concealed-carry license, drew his gun and pointed it at Gates, and other parishioners then disarmed Gates.<ref>[http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/17251517/churchgoers-subdue-gunman-at-spartanburg-church ''Fox Carolina'' March 25, 2012]</ref>

* Atlanta - 2009 -Calvin Lavant and Jamal Hill broke into an apartment during a party and forced everyone to the floor. After they gathered various valuables, and separated the men and the women, and Lavant said to Hill, "we are about to have sex with these girls, then we are going to kill them all," and began "discussing condoms and the number of bullets in their guns." At that point, Sean Barner, a Marine who was attending Georgia State as part of the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program, managed to get to the book bag he brought to the party; took out his gun; shot and scared away Hill; went into the neighboring room, where Lavant was about to rape one of the women; was shot at by Lavant, and shot back and hit Lavant, who then ran off and later died of his injuries. One of the women was shot and wounded in the shootout. The reporter estimates that it seemed very likely that Lavant and Hill would have killed (as well as raped) some or all of the partygoers had they not been stopped. Barner was a Marine, but was acting as a civilian, and carrying a gun as a civilian and had a CDW permit.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/10/03/do-civilians-with-guns-ever-stop-mass-shootings/ Washington Post ''The Volokh Conspiracy'' October 3, 2015], Eugene Volokh</ref>

* Winnemucca, NV 2008 - Ernesto Villagomez was shot and killed by a patron with a CDW permit, after having killed two people and wounded two others in a bar filled with 300 people. The killings were apparently related to a family argument, so the shooter's intentions regarding other patrons were unclear.<ref name="wapost_volokhconspiracy" />

* Arvada and New Life Church shootings - Arvada and Colorado Springs, CO, December 9, 2007 - On December 9, 2007, Matthew Murray killed two and injured two at ''Youth With a Mission'' training center in Arvada, Colorado. While police were trying to track Murry, Murry went to New Life Church in Colorado Springs, killing two and injured three. It is unclear whether Murry was carrying 1000 rounds of ammunition as a peace offering. At New Life Church volunteer security worker, Jeanne Assam ran toward the line of fire, killing the shooter.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /><ref>[https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/6-shot-at-new-life-church-gunman-2-churchgoers-dead "''Denver 7''" Dec 10, 2007] </ref>

* Pearl High, Pearl Mississippi - October 1, 1997 - Luke Woodham killed his mother by stabbing, and then proceded to Pearl High School. He walked into Pearl High's commons, an enclosure created by the school's buildings. He then took a .30-.30 rifle from beneath his trench coat and opened fire, wounding seven schoolmates and killing two. He was subdued by assistant principal Joel Myrick, who pulled a .45-cal. pistol from his car and ordered the gunman to the ground. At that point, Woodham is reported to have said, "Mr. Myrick, I was the guy who gave you the discount on the pizza the other night."<ref>[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,136736,00.html Mississippi Gothic], Time (time.com), June 24, 2001</ref>

===Canada===
(none found)

===Belgium===
Thalys train, Amsterdam to Paris, 21 August 2015 - Ayoub El Khazzani, armed with an AKM (Modernized Kalashnikov) rifle, with 270 rounds, and a pistol was subdued by Damien A., a French banker, Mark Moogalian (French, U.S.), Chris Norman (UK), Anthony Sadler (U.S.), Alek Skarlatos (U.S.), Oregon Army National Guard Specialist, and Spencer Stone (U.S.), USAF, and an off-duty French train driver. <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2015/08/21/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html 2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium]''CNN'', January 8, 2018</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack Wikipedia article on Thalys train attack]</ref> ''Note: The people who stopped the terrorist were not armed (until the terrorist "loaned" them his gun), but the idea is that citizens did in fact stop the attacker without waiting for the police to arrive.''

==Incidents in which an armed security guard or designated security individual stopped an active shooter==

* Freeman High School - On September 13, 2017, at 10:00 a.m., Caleb Sharpe, 15, armed with a rifle and a pistol, allegedly began shooting at Freeman High School in Rockford, Washington, where he was a student. One student was killed; three students were wounded. A school employee confronted the shooter, ordered him to the ground, and held him there until law enforcement arrived and took him into custody.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* Gateway, CO, July 30, 2017 - Rick Whited, armed with a handgun, allegedly began shooting from his truck at passing cars along Highway 141 in Gateway, Colorado. No one was killed; no one was wounded. The shooter exchanged gunfire with two Gateway Canyons General Store security officers before fleeing the scene.<ref name="fbi_report" />

* [[Garland, Texas shooting|''Garland, Texas shooting'']] (May 3, 2015) - In Garland, Texas, two gunmen opened fire outside of a Prophet Mohammed cartoon drawing contest in 2015 held by [[Pamela Geller]] at the Curtis Culwell Center, which was the venue of earlier jihadist conference. The two attackers were killed by police and security, preventing participants at the event from being killed. (May 3, 2015)<ref name="washtimes_listicle" /> An undercover FBI agent who was investigating terrorism at the venue, but apparently did not participate in stopping the attack. Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded Knights of the Legion of Honour (Chevaliers de la Légion d'honneur) by French president François Hollande.<ref>[https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/10/records-undercover-fbi-agent-near-garland-terror-attack/97740354/ Records: Undercover FBI agent was at Garland, Texas, attack] azcentral.com (feb. 10, 2017)</ref>

* Moore, OK, September 24, 2014 - Alton Nolen was charged with first-degree murder in the gruesome beheading of a Vaughan Foods worker. His rampage was halted by Mark Vaughan, a reserve sheriff’s deputy and the company’s chief operating officer, who used his personal firearm to wound Nolen.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

* Atlanta, January 31, 2013 - A shooter opened fire at Prince Middle School in Atlanta, Georgia. However, after wounding only one student, the suspect was disarmed by an armed guard who was stationed at the school.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/31/us/georgia-student-shot/index.html CNN, February 1, 2013]</ref><ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* ''Colorado Springs Church shootings'' December 9, 2007 - Matthew Murray, killed two people early Sunday at a missionary training center near Denver and had killed two teenage sisters in the parking lot at New Life Church. New Life Church guard, Jeanne Assam shot Murray. The shooter politely assisted Jeanne Assam by shooting himself twice after being shot by Assam.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/us/12brfs-GUNMANKILLED_BRF.html?fta=y&pagewanted=print&_r=0 ''New York Times'' December 12, 2007]</ref>

==Incidents in which a shooter is believed to have planed an attack but retreated as a result of the presence of armed citizens==

These are naturally difficult to identify. Most reports are derived from confessions or investigations following an attack elsewhere.

===United States===

* ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' (June 12, 2016), Omar Mir Seddique Mateen, 29, armed with a rifle and a handgun, began shooting patrons inside Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. After a 3 hour delay,<ref name="pulsedelay">[https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/tampa/news/press-releases/investigative-update-regarding-pulse-nightclub-shooting Investigative Update Regarding Pulse Nightclub Shooting], fbi.gov, June 20, 2016</ref> a police SWAT team exchanged gunfire with the shooter, killing the shooter. On the night of the shooting, Mateen had originally targeted Disney Springs club, near Epcot Center at about 10 PM (June 19). Based on evidence presented during a trial of Marteen's wife (in which she was acquitted), prior to going to the Pulse Nightclub, Mateen abandoned the Disney Springs attack when several uniformed police officers were at the location. Marteen then proceeded to EVE Orlando club at 12:55 AM (June 20), but left six minutes later in the face of "heavy police presence". He then used his phone to search "downtown orlando nightclubs", and proceeded to arrive at Pulse at 1:37 AM.<ref name="orlandosentinal">[http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-omar-mateen-cell-records-night-of-pulse-shooting-20180305-story.html Pulse shooter visited Disney, another club in hours before attack, widow's defense says], ''Orlando Sentinal'' (March 5, 2018)</ref> At the time, the ''Pulse Nightclub Shooting'' was widely described as targeting [Homosexuality|homosexuals], but at least initially, Marteen did not realize his target was a gay bar, as he is reported to have asked a security guard at the club where all the women were just before he started shooting.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/4/5/17202026/pulse-shooting-lgbtq-trump-terror-hate New evidence shows the Pulse nightclub shooting wasn’t about anti-LGBTQ hate], ''Vox'' article, Apr 5, 2018</ref>

* Multiple Locations in Clearlake Oaks, California - On October 23, 2017, at 11:23 a.m., Alan Ashmore, 61, armed with a shotgun and a handgun, allegedly began firing into several homes and a vehicle in Clearlake Oaks, California, killing two people, including his father, and wounding one. Another person was wounded while fleeing out of a residence window. The shooter then shot and wounded a responding law enforcement officer before fleeing in his vehicle. The shooter drove to a nearby gas station and exchanged gunfire with the vendor, who possessed a valid firearms permit. The shooter fled the scene in his vehicle and drove to another gas station where he fired more shots. The shooter then drove to a nearby winery and shot at some employees before surrendering to law enforcement officers after a short vehicle pursuit. The entire incident lasted about 30 minutes. Two people were killed; three were wounded (including one law enforcement officer and one person who sustained injuries incidental to the incident). The shooter was apprehended by law enforcement.<ref name="fbi_report" /> Of note, the gas station attendant was unable to stop the shooter, but the shooter fled the scene, which is why this incident is cited here.

===Canada===
(none found)

===Israel===
Israeli civilian communities in the "West Bank" territories (Judea and Samaria) are known to include armed civilians. Terrorists rarely attempt to infiltrate these communities.

==Incidents involving fewer than three potential victims==
(This section also includes incidents in which the armed attacker's intent was not clear; e.g., the interruption of an armed robbery.

* Blanchard, OK, Dec. 31, 2011 - Sarah McKinley, an 18-yearold mother saved the life of herself and her baby in Blanchard. There, a knife-wielding intruder was attempting to enter Sarah McKinley's mobile home shortly after her husband died of lung cancer in 2012. After breaking in, McKinley used a shotgun to stop the intruders, killing one suspect and scaring the other intruder off.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082716/Sarah-McKinley-Teen-mom-shoots-dead-intruder-Justin-Shane-Martin-looking-prescription-drugs.html Teen widow who shot dead home invader who 'wanted her late 58-year-old husband's meds' WON'T face charges], ''Daily Mail'', 6 January 2012.</ref>
* A 69-year-old grandmother protected herself and her home in Alabama in 2010. After hearing a burglar break into her house, Ethel Jones fired three shots, wounding and scaring off the intruder, who was later arrested by police.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* In 2012, a 14-year-old boy saved himself and his younger siblings after an armed intruder entered their home. After breaking into the home and pointing a gun at the 14, 12, and 8-year-olds, the 14-year-old fired, placing the intruder in the hospital and saving his family.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A pregnant mother of two saved herself and her children after two intruders entered her home in Ashtabula, Ohio. After refusing to let the two intruders in, they broke down her back door. As they proceeded up her stairs, the shot at them, hitting one intruder and scaring them both off until police arrived.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* A would-be robber was shot in 2006 by an employee at Media Madhouse in Indiana. After the suspect entered the building holding a gun on an employee and demanding money, a second employee jumped into action and shot the suspect, saving both employees and customers.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />
* 72-year-old Jan Cooper saved her life and the life of her 85-year-old World War II veteran husband, who is confined to a wheelchair. In 2013, a man was breaking into the Cooper's Southern California home, when the grandmother fired one shot from her .357 Magnum Smith and Wesson revolver, which scared the burglar off.<ref name="washtimes_listicle" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]